Engineering Council of South Africa Form AD7

Project Summary Report: Electrical Engineering

Use this form to report on a project to which you have made a significant contribution.
Use a new form for each project. At least one, but not more than three projects.

Name: Kgabane Hector Kgasoane

Application Ref No: 1009790

Project name and Load Modeling for Power Flow and Transient stability studies.
dates Project Dates ( February 1998 – February 2003)

Engineering brief and Loads are an important factor in power system response to
Objective disturbances that change network voltage and frequency. Most
mathematical load models used in power flow and transient stability
simulations are only loosely related to the actual load characteristics.
The objective of this project was to calculate the load characteristics
of the Eskom Main Transmission System (MTS) for the different
Customer Load Networks (CLN). It also documents a methodology
that engineers could use for deriving the characteristics of different
loads using a software developed by the Electric Power Research
Institute (EPRI).
Environment Due to delays in the construction of new transmission lines,
(Industry; environmental pressures and increasing load due to electrification, the
Laboratory; Theory; risk to safe operation of Eskom’s main transmission system was
Simulation) increased. To ensure that the risk was adequately calculated and
evaluated, system operation and planning studies had to be
performed using models which most reliably reflect the actual
conditions on the real power system.
Summary Load characteristics have long been known to have a significant effect
(State engineering on system performance, and the transient stability results are known
problems; solutions) to be highly dependent upon the load characteristics assumed.
Because of the uncertainty of the actual load characteristics, Eskom
has always attempted to use characteristics that would produce
conservative designs. It has however been proven that there is no
single load characteristic which leads to the most conservative design
for all system configurations.
Your contribution to I was responsible for the derivation of a methodology for calculating
the project load models for simulation studies using end use component data
(State aspects of (e.g. Network Development Plans, Masterplans).
engineering judgment) I also utilised customer and end use consumption as inputs for a load
aggregation program such as LOADSYN for deriving load models.
My responsibilites also included the following:
I developed a procedure to look at the optimal aggregation of loads in
computer simulation data files.
I compared the derived models to models that were derived based on
measurements for naturally occuring faults and these derived models
were also compared to the constant power load models that were
currently being used throughout Eskom.
I interpreted the simulated results from GLMOD, SLMOD, PSS/E and
VSTAB software packages.
I derived static load models that were used in computer simulation

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Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 1
 packages such as Power System Simulator for Engineers (PSS/E) and
Power Systems Analysis Package (PSAPAC) for operational and
planning studies.

Title of report or Load Modeling for Transmission Applications (Report)

publication Load Modeling Measurements (Report)
Load Modeling (Mike Coker and Hector Kgasoane). SAPSSI, Eskom
Technology Group, Private Bag 40175, Cleveland, 2022 South Africa.
Presented at the fifth Africon Conference in Africa hosted by Cape
Technikon, 1999 IEEE Africon
Budget Three million rand (R 3 000 000.00), over a five year period.

Signature of Applicant: __________________________________________

Date: _________________________________

Signature of Mentor / Supervisor: ____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 2
Engineering Council of South Africa Form AD8

Professional Development Report:

Electrical Engineering

Applicant’s Name: Kgabane Hector Kgasoane Initials: K. H.

Application Reference No: 1009790

Qualifying Report on Professional Development:

Please complete each block with a paragraph explaining how you have demonstrated this competence.

Competence Evidence of your Competence Reviewer

A1. Maintain a sound I applied theory in the transformation of utility load mix
theoretical data, such as residential, commercial, and industrial
approach in
load mixes which would be included in popular power
enabling the
flow and transient stability computer programs. I
introduction of new
and advancing matched each load type to its characteristic file
technology and detailing its voltage and frequency sensitivities.
other relevant
developments

A2. Apply a creative I wrote a macro to analyse the measured data for
problem solving naturally occuring faults and the analysed data was
approach
used to derive the alpha and the beta (for real and
reactive power) for the weekday peak, minimum,
Saturday peak, minimum, Sunday peak, and minimum
for the Pre –Winter, Winter and Post-Winter season.

A3. Look for ways of The knowledge I gained from the load modeling project
exploiting emerging was utilized in generating PV curves for the various
technologies to
distribution networks on the system load model, the
enhance current
constant power load model and the detailed bus load
practices and to
ensure continuing model. A power voltage curve gives an indictation of
fitness for purpose the stability of the systems under various loading and
of engineered load model conditions.
products and
services.

A4. To promote The methodology utilised to determine load

innovation and composition was used in the compilation of future
technology
network development plans and training of the
transfer.
personnel compiling the various network development
plans.
I am confident that the evidence above is a true record of the
competence that has been demonstrated by the Candidate.
Declaration of
Mentor / Referee /
Supervisor
Name: __________________________________________________

Signature: Date:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 3
 Form AD8 (continue)

Applicant’s Name: Hector Kgasoane Initials: K. H.

Application Reference No: 1009790

Competence Evidence of your Competence Reviewer

B1. Identify potential Project identified included writing a program in Matlab

projects and that would make the derivation of load models for
opportunities
individual buses easier for planners, designers or
people utilising PSS/E for simulation purposes.

B2. To conduct Literature survey was conducted when compiling the

appropriate initial proposal for the project. Research was also
research, and
conducted into the methodology to be used for
undertake design
calculating load models for simulation studies using end
and development of
possible solutions use component data including the evaluation of the
effects of system loads on the main transmission
system with respect to voltage stability.

B3. To plan and Different load classes based on Eskom definitions used
implement in the Integrated Electricity Planning (IEP) process were
solutions, taking a
set up. These were based on all power users being
holistic approach to
classed according to the Standard Industrial
cost, benefits,
health, safety, Classification (SIC) codes which are dependent on the
reliability, type of industry. Load mix data for specific busses were
appearance and then calculated for a portion of the Eskom main
environmental transmission system. From this the static load models
impact. were then calculated for two different groups viz.
system wide and bus specific.

B4. To evaluate the I calculated power voltage curves for the various
solutions and to models using the VSTAB voltage stability package.
make
These models were then evaluated and comparisons
improvements.
were made for the different customer load networks on
the effects of the different load models on the system.

I am confident that the evidence above is a true record of the

competence that has been demonstrated by the Candidate.
Declaration of
Mentor / Referee /
Supervisor
Name: __________________________________________________

Signature: Date:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 4
 Form AD8 (continue)

Applicant’s Name: Hector Kgasoane Initials: K. H.

Application Reference No: 1009790

Competence Evidence of your Competence Reviewer

C1. To plan for effective From the information/knowledge I gained from the
project literature survey, the requirements of the project were
implementation
clearly defined, tasks to be completed were identified
and subsequently prioritized according to work details.

C2. To plan, budget, During the compilation of the research proposal,

organize, direct and systematic planning was undertaken to ensure that the
control tasks,
work breakdown structure for the project was correct
people or resources
and in line with set milestones, resources and bugdet
requirements. Control was maintained by invoicing
against milestones completed.

C3. To develop the I trained recent graduates and supporting staff using
capabilities of staff Kundur’s ten bus system. With an increase in the
to meet the
workload, staff from other departments were recruited
demands of
and trained to meet the increased demands within the
changing technical
and managerial department. They were trained to transform the load
requirements mix, composition, and characteristic data into “general
load models” for specific busses and then to transform
the general load models into specific formats required
for some of the following programs, PTI power flow
program and transient stability program, PECO power
flow program, EPRI transient /mid term stability
program.

C4. To bring about I utilised the knowledge gained from the load modeling
continuous project in the study for the Ikaros network
improvement
reinforcement project. The studies conducted on PSS/E
through quality
were done with the detailed bus load model, the
management
system load model, the constant power load model
which is the one that is used most often in simulation
studies. The different load models provided the
recipients of the report with a better undertstanding of
the importance of accurate modeling of loads and the
different voltage collapse margins for the different load
types.
I am confident that the evidence above is a true record of the
competence that has been demonstrated by the Candidate.
Declaration of
Mentor / Referee /
Supervisor
Name: __________________________________________________

Signature: Date:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 5
 Form AD8 (continue)

Applicant’s Name: Hector Kgasoane Initials: K. H.

Application Reference No: 1009790

Competence Evidence of your Competence Reviewer

D1. To work and The load modeling project required that I interact with
communicate with and communicate with senior staff within my
others at all levels
department on progress of the project, personnel at the
technical service centre where measuring instruments
were installed, colleagues from other departments who
were assisting me with the design of the hardware and
software for the measuring instruments including
colleagues who would assist with setting up and
conducting measurements for an induced fault on the
network.

D2. To effectively The Power systems steering committee normally

present and discuss convened every six months and as the project leader
ideas and plans
would present progress on the project to date, the
milestones achieved, problems encountered during
implementation and possible solutions to the challenges
encountered. As a project leader, I would have to
ensure that I can convince the committee in instances
where I required an increase in the budget or an
extension on the duration of the project.

D3. To build teams and I put together a team from the control, instrumentation
negotiate department which was responsible for the upkeep of
the measuring instruments and calibration of
intruments. Time spent on project work would be
booked against my project. I negotiated with the team
on work to be done and time required to complete the
work, negotiations would also centre around
maintaining team spirit and ensuring that only work
conducted and completed was booked against the
project.

I am confident that the evidence above is a true record of the

competence that has been demonstrated by the Candidate.
Declaration of
Mentor / Referee /
Supervisor
Name: __________________________________________________

Signature: Date:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 6
 Form AD8 (continue)

Applicant’s Name: Hector Kgasoane Initials: K. H.

Application Reference No: 1009790

Competence Evidence of your Competence Reviewer

E1. To comply with the In instances where the instrumentation department

Codes and Rules of booked against the project prior to completing the job
Conduct
assigned, I ensured that disputes were always resolved
amicably to ensure that there was always respect for
other people and that the execution of work was done
in accordance with accepted norms of professional
conduct.

E2. To manage and When conducting measurements at the substations, I

apply safe systems would always ensure that staff from the technical
of work
service centre were present to break into the circuit to
install our measuring instruments. This was always
done after a meeting at the service centre detailing
safety aspects to be adhered to pertaining to the work
to be carried out.

E3. To undertake To ensure the risk associated with delays in

engineering work in construction of transmission lines, environmental
compliance with
pressures and increasing load due to electrification are
the Codes of
adequately calculated and evaluated, system operation
Practice on Risk
and the studies have to be performed using models which most
Environment reliably reflect the actual conditions on the real power
system.

E4. To carry out the This was achieved by attending external courses related
continuing to the type of work that I need to be competent in and
professional
self study.
development
necessary to
ensure competence
in areas of future
intended practice

I am confident that the evidence described above is a true record of the

commitment that has been demonstrated by this Candidate.
Declaration of
Mentor / Referee /
Supervisor
Name: __________________________________________________
(including designatory letters)

Signature: Date:

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 7
Engineering Council of South Africa Form AD9

Professional Development Report:

Electrical Engineering

Referees’ Comments

Name:__Kgabane Hector Kgasoane

(Please tick appropriate box.)

Remarks Marginal Satisfactory Strong Not
known

Breadth & Depth of Knowledge

Innovative & Creative Approach

Problem Solving Skills

Implementation and evaluation of solutions

Planning and Project Management

Resource Management

Communication and Presentation Skills

People Skills

Professional Approach / Conduct

Commitment to Professional Development

Signature of Referee: ____________________________________

Date: _________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discipline Specific Guidelines: Electrical Engineering (30/3/2005) Page 8