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Kegiatan Manusia
Pencemaran lingkungan yang utama berasal dari kegiatan manusia seperti kegiatan rumah
tangga dan perorangan, industri, pertanian dan transportasi. Pencemaran tersebut berlangsung
terus menerus dan dampaknya juga terus dirasakan, bahkan beberapa diantaranya berdampak
luas atau global. Faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan sebagai hasil
samping perbuatan manusia meliputi: faktor industrialisasi, faktor urbanisasi, faktor
perkembangan/pertumbuhan penduduk yang pesat, faktor cara hidup, kepadatan penduduk
dan faktor perkembangan ekonomi. Faktor-faktor di atas saling mempengaruhi secara
kompleks. Apabila salah satu faktor terjadi, maka faktor lainnya dapat terjadi, dengan
demikian terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan tidak dapat dihindari. Contoh masing-masing
faktor tersebut sebagai berikut:
a. Faktor industrialisasi
Pertambangan, transportasi, penyulingan dan pengolahan bahan hingga
menghasilkan barang yang dapat digunakan
Pertambangan, transportasi, penyulingan dan penggunaan bahan bakar untuk
menghasilkan energi
Sisa-sisa buangan yang dihasilkan sebagai hasil sampingan selama proses-proses di
atas
b. Faktor Urbanisasi
Pembukaan hutan untuk perkampungan, industri dan sistem transportasi
Penimbunan atau menumpuknya sisa-sisa buangan/sampah dan hasil samping
selama proses-proses di atas
Sumber : ilmulingkungan.com
Article in English
Environmental pollution can come from variety sources. The sources of environmental
pollution can come from natural processes and human activities. This article will describe
in detail the sources of environmental pollution.
Natural Processes
Environment in an ecosystem may experience change in a part or whole. Usually, the
total changes occur due to natural disasters, such as floods, heat or cold lava, volcanic
eruptions spewing dust particles that can pollute the air, earthquake, tsunami, hurricane, etc.
The occurrence of damage or changes that caused by natural factors can impair
the exhausted all existing communities in the environment. Community will
reappear (succession) which takes quite a long time, even up to hundreds of years, for the
example : succession on Krakatoa erupted terrible happened more than 150 years ago. Even
though natural sources mean polluters but relatively rare and generally impacted local
and instantaneous.
Human Activities
The main environmental pollution originates from human activities such as activities
of households and individuals, industry, agriculture and transportation. The pollution takes
place continuously and its impact also continues to be felt, even some of them impacted area
or global. Causative factors of environmental pollution as a by-product of
human deeds include: Industrialization factor, Urbanization factor , development of
rapid population growth, population density factor, way of life and economic
development. This factors interplay in the complex. When one factors in the case, then other
factors can occur, thus the occurrence of environmental pollution is unavoidable. Examples
of each of these factors as follows:
a. Industrialization Factor
Mining, transportation, refining and processing of materials to produce goods that
can be used
Mining, transportation, refining and fuel use to produce energy
The remains of the waste that is generated as a by-product during the
above processes
b. Urbanization Factors
Opening of forests for settlements, industry and transportation system
Hoarding or discarded remnants pile/junk and by-product during the
above processes
Source : ilmulingkungan.com