om mae on tes oe co. 9.4.4 If flanges nozzles or brencher are used, the flanget shall be machined or thermal cut by machine on the edges {and shall be machined on the jointing and bolting surfaces, 4.9.1.5 If pads are used, the jointing wurlaces shall be ‘machined. The pads shall have sufficlent thickness to allow ériling of the stud holes for mountings without ‘the Inner surface being pierced and the length of the screwed portion of the stud in the pad shall be not less ‘than the diameter of the stud, 4.8.2 Screwed mountings directly connected to the boller shell or end plates, Mountings with screwed ends shall be used only where the Internal diameter does not exceed ‘25 mm and where the detign pressure does not exceed 1.2 Nitmm?. The screwed portion of any such mounting shall bean integel part of it. The mountings shall be screwed irectiy into the plete, with nue on the water side. 4.9.3 Screwed mountings fitted to semwed brancher, ‘Serewed mountings not excseding 80 mm bore shall be fitted ‘0 sultably screwed branches welded to the boiler. The screwed portion of the mounting shall comply with BS 21, ‘The mounting shall be suitable for the operating pressure. and temperature of the boiler. 4.8.4, Bolts and nuts, All bolt and stud holes shall be +d. Bolts and nuts shall be machined where in contact with flanges, 774.10 Horizontal cylindrical furnaces 4.10°1 Horizontal cylindrical furnaces thall be constructed in one of the following ways, "al In sections from hot more than two plates, in which ‘case the longitudinal seam shall be buttwelded i accordance with section tiv {tb From carbon steel pipes complying with the requirements of the following British Standards. Rifeart 1: HFS oF CFS, grade 430 02.4 Part 2: LAW, grade 430 and 490 "BS 9601 :S, grade 430 ‘The tensile strength and minus tolerances on thickness iven in those standards shall be taken into account, | 1 LAW pine is used, the fongitudinal sear shell be on-destruetivey terted in accordance with 5.8.2,2.1 4.10.2 Out-of-roundness as defined in 3.10.1.8 shall not tected 1.0% for corrugated furnaces or 1.8 % for plain furnaces with 2 maximum variation in diameter of any. {085 section of 6.8 mm or half the thickness, whichever is the greate, Any departure from citeulaety shall be gradual. 4.10.3 The longitudinal welds thall bretk joint in, successive sectidns by at feast 150mm, 4.10.4 At the furnace sections are flanged hot for ircurmferemtol joints, the (langing shall be carried out at ‘one heat. Subsequently, sections shall be normalized unless ‘langing be carries out within the normalizing temperature ‘ange. ifthe furnace seetions are flanged cold, they shall be subsequently normalized and the flanges shall be subjected 10 surface ereek detection on both sidet of the plate by the ‘Magnetic particle method. Cold spinning of furnace fectlonsisnet permitted, 4.10.5 Edges ofall furnace flanges shall be machined or thermabeut by machine, 88 2790: 1992 Section four Issue 2, November 198 4.10.6 1 stlfeneis are required, they shall be attached: bby means of continuous full penetration welding iat accordance with figure 3.10.1.0.2, 4.10.7 The projection of turnace plates beyond eiid plates or reversal chamber tube plates shall not exceed 3 mn, ‘The end of the furnace plate corner expoted to flame or ‘hot gas shall be ground to produce a radius of net less than, £12, The eylinsical portion of the Hlanged end pistes ‘onnected to furnace plates shall be not fess than SO mm tong. Typicat examples of connections are shoven in. figures BIS), (a), (b, le) or B16). 4.11 Fireboxes and reversal chambers 4.11.4 Plain eieular fireboxes, The cylindrical partion shall preferably be formed from one plate in 2 similar ‘manner to the shell plates, The maximum permissible variation in diameter at any cross section thal! not exceed 8.8mm for fireboxes up to 900 mm diameter, or 95 mm for fireboxes over 800mm diameter, or hall the thickness of the plate, whichever isthe greater, Vertical ficeboxes shall preferably be tapered, a per of Vin B on diameter being recommended. The water space ‘at the bottom between the firebox and the shell shall be ‘not less than 50 mm for boilers up to and inclu 750 mm diameter and not less than 63 mm for boilers ‘over 780 mm diameter, ‘The method of welding shall be in accordance with station five, Flats formed in the firebox for the insertion of water tubes shall have an ample radius at the junetion of the flat and. the curved surfaces and shall be free from sherp corners oF 1001 marks. The plate shall not be thinned below the calculated thickness, ‘An og¢e flange, whether integral with the firebox or made as a separate ring, shal preferably be formed at one heat by suitable machinery and shall be allowed to cost stadvatly to avoid internal stresses. Rings for frehol ‘openings or foundation rings shall be made of sett in ‘sccordance with the requirements specified in section wo. Z sections shall not be used for foundation ring, Methods of attachment of the'irebox to the shell shalt be in accordance with figures 3.10.3(2}, (B) or (el, ‘Typical methods of attachment of Tirehole openings shown in figuré (101, 4.11.2 Hemisphereal freboxes, Hemispheticalfreboxes shall meet the requirements of 4.6.2, 4.11.3 Water-cooled reversal chambers. Where reversal ‘chamber tube plates or ehd plates are flanged for attachment to wrapper plates the cylindeal portion shalt be not less then 2e oF 38 mm long, whichever is greater. Flat plates connected to wrapper plates shall have an ernal fillet weld with a minimum leg length of 6 mm. (see 5.3.2.4), Typical examples of connections ace shown, in figures B(4)¢a) 10 fe). ‘Access opening frames shall be attached as shown in figure 3.8.2.7, 7 4.17.4 Uptakes, Uptakes shall be formed trom seamless on, longitudinally welged tube, or butt-welded plete, and shail be Dutt-welded to the upward flange of the opening ia the firebox top end plate, ‘The depth of the slange of the firebox top end piste ‘opening trom the commencement of the curvature of the flange shall be not fers than twice the plate thickness Sith 4 minimum of 25 me. H Hot zonal Gilda ate M