Name:

Unit 9. Electrostatic FOITCS and Cirenits -----------------

Prol~
Bil: Idea 1: Ohjl'ets and systems have pnlperties sneh as mass and eharl:e. Systems may have
icient
internal strnetnre.
Essential Knowledl:e LB. 1: Electric charge is Learning Ohjeetive (LB.LI):
conserved. The net charge of a system is equal The SltH..Icnt is able to make claims about natural phenomena
to the slim of the charges of all the ohjects in based on conservation of electric charge.
the system. Learning Ohjective (LB.1.2):
a. An electrical current is a movement of The student is able to make predictions, using the conservation
charge through a conductor. of electric charge, about the sign and relative quantity of net
b. A circuit is a closcd loop of elcctrical charge of objects or systems allcr various charging processes.
current. including conservation of chan~e in simnlc circuits.
Essential Knowledl:e I.B.2: Thcrc arc only two kinds of electric Learning Obil'etin (LB.2.1):
charge. Neutral objects or systems contain equal quantities of Thc student is able to construct an
positive and negative charge, with the exception of some cxplanation of the two-chargc model of
fundamental particles that have no electric charge. electric charge based 011 evidence produced
a. Likc-charged objects and systcms rcpel, and unlikc chargcd through scienlilic practices.
objects and systems attract.
Essential Knowledge I.B.3: Thc smallcst observed unit of charge Learning OhjeetiH' (1.11.3.1):
that can be isolated is the electron charge. also known as the The student is able to challenge thc claim
elementary charge. that an electric charge smaller than the
19
a. The maguitude of thc elementary charge is equal to 1.6 x 10 elementary charge has been isolated.
coulombs.
b. Electrons have a negative elementary charge; protons have a
positive elementary charge of eqllalmagnitllde. although the mass of
a protoll is much larger than the lllass of an electron.
Big Idea 3: The intentctions of an object with other objects can he deserihed by forces.
Essential Knowledge 3.C2: Electric force results from the Learning ObjeetiH' (3.C2.t):
interaction of one ohject that has an electric charge with another The student is able to usc Coulomb's law
object that has an electric charge. qualitatively and quantitatively to make
a. Elcctric forces dominate the propel1ics of the objects in our predictions about the intcraction between
everyday experiences. However. the large number of particle two electric noint charges.
interactions that occur make it more convenient to treat everyday Learning Objectin (3.C2.2):
tClrces in terms ofnonfundamcntal forces called contact forces, such The student is ablc to connect thc concepts
as normal liJrce. n.iction. and tension. of gravitational force and electric force to
b. Electric forces may be attractive or repulsive, depending upon the compare similarities and differences
charges on the objects involved. between the forces.
Big Idea 5: Changes that occur as a result of interactions arc constrained by consen'ation laws.
Esscntial Knowll'''ge 5.B.9: Kirchhoff's loop Learninl: Objective (5.B.9.1):
rule describes conservation of energy in The student is able to construct or interprct a graph of the
electrical circuits. energy changes within an electrical circuit with only a single
3. Energy changes in simple electrical circuits battery and resistors in series and/or in, at most, one parallel
arc conveniently represented in terms of energy branch as an application of the conservation of energy
change per charge moving through a battery and (Kirchhotrs loon nile).
a resistor. Learning Ohjective (5.B.9.2):
b. Sincc electric potcntial dinercncc timcs The student is able to apply conservation of cnergy concepts to
charge is energy, and energy is conserved, the the design of an experiment that will demonstrate the validity of
stun of the potcntial dinercnces about any Kirchholls loop rule (LV; 0) in a circuit with only a battery
closed loop must add to zero. and resistors either in series or in, at most. one pair of parallel
c. Tile electric potential ditlcrence across a branches.
 Unit 9. Elcctl"Ostatic ForTcs and Circuits Namc:
-----------------
resistor is given by the product of the currcnt Learning Ohjective (S.B.9.3):
and the resistance. The student is able to apply conservation of encrgy (Kirchhoffs
d. The rate at which energy is transferred from a loop rule) in ealeulations involving the total electric potential
resistor is equal to the product of the electric dilTcrence for complete circuit loops with only a single battery
potential difference across the resistor and the and resistors in series and/or in, at most, olle parallel branch.
currcnt through the resistor
ESSl'ntial Knowledge 5.C.3: Learning Ohjective (S.C.3.1):
Ki rch hoff s junction rule The student is able to apply conservation of electric charge (Kirchhoffs junction
describes the conservation of rulc) to the comparison of electric current in various segments of an electrical
electric charge in electrical circuit with a single battery and resistors in series and in. at most, Olle parallel
circuits. Since charge is branch and predict how those vaiues would change ifconfigurations of the circuit
conserved. current must be are changed.
conserved at eachjullctioll ill Learning Ohjeeth.e (S.C.J.2):
the circuit. Examples should The student is able to design an investigation of an electrical circuit with one or
include circuits that combine more resistors ill which cvidence of conscrvation of electric charge can be
resistors in series and collected and analyzed.
parallel Lea •.••ing Ohjeetive (5.C.J.3):
Thc studcnt is able to use a description or schematic diagram of an clectrical circuit
to calculate unknown values of current in various segments or branches of the
circuit.

Electrostatics Reading Assignment:

Read Chapter 20 sections 1 - 3 (the rest of the chapter and chapter 21 is HIGHLY recommended reading if you will
continue in future physics class but not required for AI' Physics I)
As you read answer all Stop to Think ,!uestions (Cheek your answers on page 664) and work thmugh all example
problems. Below is a list of what you necd to t.Ollieaway frol11 )'our I.eading.
I. Deline:

a. conductor and insulator

b. charge conscrvation

c. electrostat;c equilibrium

d. electrically neutral

e. electric f(m~c

Coulomb's Law
"-
2. Know:

a. the direction of electric forces I,)r objects with like charge, unlike charge

b, thc magnitude of charge on an electron, proton

c, the unit lor charge

ci, why mctals are conductors

e, the equation for Coulomb's law in terms of magnitude and direction

J. Ill' ahle to:

n. explain what happens to the negative charges in a conductor when a positively charged object is held nearby.

h. cxp1:lin what happens to the negative charges in an insulator when a positively charged object is held nearby.

c. how objects acquire a positive charge if the protons are fixed ill the nucleus of the atoms.

d. in terms of f()rces. why the glass bead accelerates up toward the plastic bead in example 20.5.
 Unit 9. Electrostatic Forces and Circuits Name: _

Circuits Rt.'ading Assignment:

Read Chapter 22 (all sectioos) and Chapter 23 st'ctions I - 5. As you rcad answer all Stop to Thiok 'Ioestions (Check
your answers 011 pag<.~726~7(3) ~lIId wurli: thnHlgh all example prohlems. Below is a list or what you need to talit.'
away frolll your reading.

I. Defioe/Know
a. electric current h. terminal voltage
b. direction of current J. the meaning of symbols used ill a circuit diagram
c. junction .I. series connection
d. emf k. parallel coooection
e. resistance (& units) I. ammeter
f. resistivity m. voltmeter
g. ohm's law n. kilowall hour

2. Explain:
a. What creates current in a wire
b. why current entering a light bulb = current leaving a light bulb
c. The I:lctors that affect resistance
d. what type of energy is dissipatcd at a resistor and why that results in a potential drop at a resistor
e. Kirehhoffs Junction law
f. Kirchhofr s loop law
g. what happens to the magnitude of current when it flows through a resistor
h. what happens to the magnitude of the potential when it !lows through a resistor
I. why the bulbs are equally bright in example 23.2, but in figure 23.8 bulbs I3&C are dimmer than bulb A.
J. why the bulbs in ligure 23.5 are all equally bright
k. why balteries drain faster in a parallel circuit than in a series circuit
1. how a ammeter and voltmeter should be connccted in a circuit
nl. the steps for analyzing a complcx circuit

3. Be able to:
a. calculate current (in tcrms of charge and timc)
b. calculate current (in terms of voltage and current)
c. calculatc resistancc (in tcrms of voltage and current)
d. calculate resistance (in terms of resistivity, length and area)
e. caleulate power
f. calculate the cquivalcnt (total) resistance ofscries resistors
g. calculate the equivalent (total) resistance of parallel resistors
h. draw a circuit with an ammeter and voltmeter connected properly
I. analyze a complete circuit and solve for currcn!' voltage and resistance at any point
J. calculate the equivalent (total) capacitance of series capacitors
k. calculate the equivalent (tolal) capacitance of parallel capacitors
Electrostatics Problems

1. Two lightweight balls hang straight down when both are neutral. They are close enough together
to interact, but not close enough to touch. Draw pictures showing how the balls hang if:
a. Both are touched with a plastic rod that was
rubbed with wool. T" fY\ov-t- ~ ~
@ @ ~ ""- t>':WJ}. A B

b. Ball A is touched by a plastic rod that was

rubbed with wool and ball B is touched by a
glass rod that was rubbed with silk. eO\...C\r....o~
~ if ynove 1w'OXd.
c. Both are charged by a plastic rod, but ball A is
charged more than ball B. T""'\. YY\S:)Vi( (tII\I~ ~ S~
@ ~ ClVV\.~ l~ bv-k~fl<%l1<-)
d. Ball A is charged by a plastic rod. Ball B is
neutral. "" 7 (Y\Ove- ~v.:o-sd. ..to..c..h ~ ~ -m
@~ pO.lM"-~~ ~ r\J2M.~ Io~.
2. After combing your hair briskly, the comb will pick up small pieces of paper.
a.

b.
rl?~ ~~~ ~
Is the comb charged? How do you know?

How can you be sure that it isn't the paper that is charged?
lorv\b.
Propose an experiment to test this.

VULNtrecQ ~-ur5 ~ '} c.C'v\A-~ .e.-l-e.c)-ric frwc-e.

-~ ,?\~~ V-{) '?~' wl~ ~~'!.u-r.
c. Is your hair charged after being combed? What evidence do you have for your answer?

~, 12'1,w-& Io.A--r crppu ~tk ~ LOrv\--b.

d. What kind of charge is the comb likely to have? Why?

YV\.<XN?
1- - -
3. A negatively charged electroscope has separated leaves.
a. Suppose you bring a negatively charged rod close to the top of the electroscope, but not
touching. How will the leaves respond? Use diagrams and words to explain.

b. How will the leaves respond if you bring a positive charged rod close to the top of the
electroscope, but not touching? Use both charge diagrams and words to explain.

~cuJt) (,\jll ( ~ c1o~('

Elcctrostatics Problcms

4. Metal sphere A is initially neutral. A positively charges rod is brought near, but not touching.
Is a now positive, negative or neutral? Explain

5. Metal spheres A and B are initially neutral and are touching. A positively charged rod is
brought near A, but not touching. Is A now positive, negative, or neutral? Explain. A B

6. Metal sphere A is initially neutral. It is connected by a metal wire to the ground. A

positively charged rod is brought near, but not touching. Is A now positive, negative, or
neutral? Explain.

7. A lightweight, positively charged ball and a neutral metal rod hang by threads. They are
close but not touching. A positively charged rod is held close to, but not touching, the
hanging rod on the end opposite the ball. +
+
a. Drawa picture of the final positions of the hanging rod and the ball. Explain your
reasoning.

b. Suppose the positively charged rod is replaced with a negatively charged rod. Draw a picture of the final
positions of the hanging rod and the ball. Explain your reasoning.

:t- ..-------
-----.--/'
7;; f, J
8. For each pair of charges, draw a force vector on each charge to show the electric force acting on that charge.
The length of each vector should be proportional to the magnitude of the force. Each + and - symbol
represents the same quantity of charge.

<-0 8--"
e- ~O
L (]
~++

~ ++ e- T
 Elcctmstatics Problems
9. What change in the number electrons would give an object the following charge?
a. + H? lJ>.1.'5).
\\JIS \o!rt-. .1\ :It" e\-e(.,~~ -=
b. -2~C \.1-6'1:\o'~ '3~
c. +8 ~C S ~\O'~ to!rt-
d. -3.2~C 7.lC.\0'~ 0~cl..
10. A marble is given a charge of +2.1~C, and a super-ball is given a charge of .7.0 ~c.When they are separated by
52 mm, what is the electrical force between them?

't,~ +2.\~~~"C ~::. \<.Jq"II't1-I~ __ '1'£lO" (2. \'1-\0")(1 X\O"') __

.~ +~ '------"- __ ---- P-t'?9 N)
't'2~-1~\O ~ r'1- (C;;'l..)qD~)"" ---
(' :: 6'2.)C \0 r'"

\<-.",q'f-\Oil. In a Coulomb style experiment 2 pith balls of the same mass are given equal but opposite charges of 0.014 ~c.
When separated by a distance of lO-cm, what is the electrical force between them?
C
q,-= °.
.01'-1111
'l -:..ol't,110" C
-II

.[e ::: yJ't.\\'t'l.)

•.
_1'1'1:10")'
-- \..
.OI'i~(Ov)(.OIIi)l:IO-II)
~\.__ -----
\
-=- I , I (p X 16
4
N
J
1- -1. '( (_"')'1. _ --
f:: 1~\O 1"\ I o 't, 10
\(." q 'f.l~\.A charge of 15.5 flC is placed 12.8 cm from a second charge. If the force between the charges is 22.5 N, what
i~ the magnitude of the second charge? q 10'1 (I,?~ Y-IQ'(I) \ '11
'1. -= 1'5.'5'1\0 = '(.['1... 1l't1-I..- -:::) 2'2.0 = 'f. )1... -- 1._~_=-_----~
\1-
1 ~~I"" ~ I,'

,~l'2..'/{'i.\P - ('1- . ~ = 2..u,'-!~IO-~C )

..- -::: 2.'2., r; rJ L-. _1. --~-
r "'q~IO"il3. A balloon is rubbed vigorously through someone's hair, pulling electrons from the hair and depositing them
"" upon the balloon. If the balloon's charge is .2.00-~C, what is the electrical force between the balloon and THE
'1 _ '""e.erson's head when they are separated by a distance of 3.0'cm?

'it --,,~:~:- "c

'l. -'1.
t:~f:-l :f.'t7l '(3~IO-1.)"2.
IO
,,~=--q)(..:...JO_~\_l_'2_l' 1_0_- "'_X_"2.X_ _ -_")_ -=- rqc;
~--
N I
y--:. '3~ID rY'
y.;::'I l'ID 'l:L4. Find the distance (in cm) between 2 positively charged spheres (+56~C) if the electrical force between them is

\= =- \ ~~N 186 N. ~::: \<-.I't,)\ '11.-\ -=) r'l. -;:' K ( 't,) ('It.) J5''£\O') lSlc~\D") 'l...-= ~ -=-F
"l,""1.1.::'SwrC r'2. ~ - \'61<0 r r= '3~'l 1
r:: -: ")15. Two 25.0 g spheres are hanging from lightweight strings that are each 35.0 cm in length. Each has the
'f:-or~IO same charge. They repel each other and make an angle of 5.00° to the vertical.
a. Drawa free body diagram of each sphere below.~? l' <D+: = to"2.S ]( '1. ~,') = .245 N
'r" r' fiN:!HY\\\~
: 'i' "'1': forte \Ai"") ~t>rt~.0" y- d.i<"< lh"",
e- ~t::'. -= 0 :: 'n, ---\", j
'tl\..<.p '3,: •.d, \ {'\Cj .fV~HS .t='e +; 'J r 0 _ ,... •
ic~ )( c.if'~LHIfY'- ~o\,,-(, ~ r:... -l-j -= f'1'.j -::-. .2.45 - ToT (q;5
to<- '1.' .. 'J r=T
-= .1."5 - • 'ZH5'l N

W- x
b.
r.-6'£:: 0 ::-,f;
~
What IS the magl1ltude of the charge on each sphere?~?

~e =-~" .
-.r.
1""y.
.r.::
e
l'-I 't,1I '< •. \
('2-

j.ot.\~-=G~\lJ'Jl~)"-~ACI
'l..:

.\-"AH>'"-"'"
1A.1.\"'~
?1'M.()..~0V''''C'-'''' ~

<"
(' -=>
:~..
h.:::
- co\, IS -

: -;:'
.3 S 'i0 t"\ 5
,03
I='e -= ~ Si('\'5'
T
l.ot.)
_~ \
.
X
,= .olp

t=e -= (. 7...4~9)(~(\S') -= , 0'1.\'i 19..-::.~. 2lRlt\0 C ( ,,~ oI.;'i>~Le." U

Elee!l'ostatics Problems
~4h~ ~~~~
-,~-~~I'lf2:1111 --.

0~---0
t.',' -'II

16. Two small objects, each with a charge of .4.0 nC, are held together by a 0.020 III length of insulating string as
shown in the diagram above. The objects are initially at rest on a horizontal, nonconducting frictionless surfacc.
The effect of gravity on each object due to the other is negligible.

(a) Calculate the tension in the string.

-r -:.re -= \<- q I 'l2-::

#) (
~)( \0 ) ,,1.'1'1(\0
-, \'l.
G) _ \ '2 . -1
I'- loO'2.)2- lJ,<O'llO-~ N J
The masses of the objects are III I = 0.030 kg and 1Il2 = 0.060 kg. The string is now cut.

(c) Calculate thc magnitude of the initial acceleration of each object.

7..f--;. '0"'0-.. ~.to )(10- '1 = (..p:'> ""~ --o-.--::-.-()-\ l...-m-2.-------]
S
r~ :0 fY\ ()..
.t>~ ~

'3. U>'flO -'1 ::. ~ ex. \--fA.--=--. -D-O-l&>-~--1

(, OLo) ~
(d) On the axes below, qualitatively sketch a graph of the acceleration a of the object of mass
57. J 1Il2
versus the distance d between the objects after the string has been cut.

,I

I J .0'2..
(e) Describe qualitatively what happens to the speeds of the objects as time increases, assuming that
the objects remain on the horizontal, nonconducting frictionless surface.

iV\C({ttvln:J ~ol oj- oLe UYAA'fj rcvk.

0-.tu..\...trevh'"uv\, ~CX'€~ o....~ ~')" l'V\,O~

~(\~Y'-i.¥\~ ~~ ~ be CVWt-ej W'Vll; +cvV oJ-

1V\Pi~ .
 ~ e..\e ~~ ~ 'l~
'\ .lJ')(\D'"
Current Worksheet Problems
11doesn't maller !low fJluc!lyou wanl. ~.Vhalrea/~r malters is hm~ t11uchyoll Wpnl it. The e).:lent and complex;')' of the problem does
not mailer U'GSmuch as does (he willingness to solve il. -- Ralph ~arston
17.7.45

'1~= :l
X

..~~~~,"')(\.v~\OV) :tot ~ .~~~~ t

1017 electrons take 0.810 seconds to flow past a point in the circuit. What is the current?

-= l'-11F\ \
I~tfiiie current in a ctcuit is 0.250 A, how many el ctrons are flowing past a set point in 0.155 second?
r -=:. q:-\, -=- ') G~\:.= 'I: -t ""l'2.s')GI'5 ) '" . D 3~'~CJjj: ::: '1 -=
~~~;
~ t> \ ~
'" \-"
-
-
Q\:1>.....
1.1<> -., .
~
-&- 1..4 2.x.\O e\e~
,"1 J
19. A wire carries a 4 A current. What is the current n a secon~ire that delivers tv;' "s1TlUdrchargc III
wi~\: half the time? -r- - 9.
T::~A. .L. - -b
\
vVi('~'l.: 1:.9- _) '-l ~ 4 -= Y'I
- t
20. A''hair drver draws 1.12 A when plugged into a 1 o V circuit. What is its resistance?

~ ~ ~ :: l~ :: [0-,_\ l.t_...cL_---...~
1:..::: \.ILA
21. A light bulb has stamped upon it the Ii.JlIowing in ormation, "60 W 120 V". How much current will flow

y -==- \'2..0
through the bulb?
y V ='"I:- '/1_ ~ 1: - Y -
'? _ ~
\'20
_ l-
- 1-
-=\.•.....__S P<. ~_\
,?:::(c0 w ~ -y; ~
I=?
22. A hot plate has an internal resistance of22.0 Q. I operates on 120 V household AC electricity.
(a) 1.low much current did it draw?
1<.::."2.'2J1-
V=:\ 1...0 y'
-i.-=-V
12.
1:;:: ~
2'2
::\ S.y A

(b) How much power did it develop?

?::: \ V ::: (S.4'S'j( \ 2..0):: LP0~'1.

(c) If it operated for IS minutes. how much heat d d it develop (hint: work done by fr,::ic::t:::io:.:.:n!;.)?:..-_--,
-t~lS"",,('\ 0< 9cos ?= ~€ ==) 65 -=.?-t =(LPS4.S.:Jl"lot)J-:::\5~'10S0 J" }
v.J'=b -t;;,- _-:;J 1•
,?-:: ",S4.cjd) If a kWh costs 4.5 cents. how much did it cost 0 run the thing?

y. CO c.eY\..\-S X • '2.'5 V X.1t> '-1-5 ~ -. -,L-f (

~W&4t.~

23. Is 12 greater than, less than or cqual to II? Explail.

_I -,....
U. I \

v.p0-9::.
 Current Worksheet Problems
II dOeSn'lmoller hou'lIllich you want. is holt' 1I111ch}'OlllVGllI
What rea/(r maflcrs il. The extent and complexity of/he prohlell1 does
nof malle,. was I11l1chas does the willingness 10 sn/l'e it, -- Ralph Marston
24. All wires in this figurc are made of the same material and have the same diameter.
Rank in order, tj'omlargest to smallest thc currents II to 14 rt..~~Le C3~

25. What is thc size of the current in the flHlrth wire? Is the current into or out of
the junction? Explain.

26. What is the resistance of a copper wire, diameter of 1.50 mm and length 25.0 m? (Pc," = I. 72x 1O's Om)
c\-::: \.5)',lO-;", A-: ~ = ,t>ooOOl1lP1 L _ ('1-13 \
L -=- Z. '5 TV') .•
~ :: \ .1'2..)( \0 'l'..o-YY'o
1.-\ IZ:: P A -= (1.12.1': I() <i~\
0 I) ClOO II ~--i)

~: ~ 27. You have a long wire with resistance R. You would like to ~;;-,~ir~:fIt~an e length but with a
resistance 2R. Should you (a) changc to a wire of the same diameter but made ofa matcrial having twice
the reisistivity. or (b) change to a wirc made of the same material but with halfthc diameter? Or will
either do? Explain. A "0- :Q.'2.. fl.,: ~ !::
=-) ~ -=-p L+> L J<,d::.1P <isO ~ ~
R:;= p L.- (p(\~~ Y ~ 'lTV1- ~ f> ,~
Po 'i\ ( D 1"1. "- -tr L- ~ 1<..
( ~A.Ni<v\ 1- ~\ A = ~. -:. 1\ ~ !V: 2-9 Ii' ~"" x'-l A 0h... .
\.. 'LE':'WiI'e I a'ij;1wire-~ arc made of the same m'etal and al~lh~ same length. Wire I has tWIce the diameter and
halfthc voltage across its ends. What is thc ratio of ll/h? l. V V tC -::0 ~ :: ~~ = (7
~
T
p
__ v,

1:-J2.
"l...,

\ -::: - (2,

f" ~ •• -=-
\D
f \.
2.
_

f' I .. f'
'2-

-
I

-VI1-

1:\
2. \ 111'"""1. '-t >-z

_?9. A grap 10 CUl'l"elllas a unction 0 vo tage ISglvcn or a 1(1\)

particular wire seglllcnt. 4

a. What is the resistance of the wire
3
o-Y...-
"-' - I. - 2

b. Sketch and label on the same graph what I vs. L'I V would
look like Illr a wire made of the same material but twice
o II \' (V)
as long as the wire in part a. Vi 21<,::. JL o 2 4 6 8 10 12

c. Sketch and label on the same graph what I vs. L'I V would look like for a wire made of the same
material but with twice the cross-sectional area or thc wire in part a.
 Currcnt Workshcct Problcms
II doesn'IIIJaller how much you want. tYhat really mailers ;.'1 how much you want if. The ex/e11land complexity (ithe proh/em does
nol mulfer was lI1uch as does fhe willingness to solve if. -- Ralph Marston
30. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the currents I I to I 4 through these four resistors.
! 2V + IV + 2V .j- tV
-{ 2 il Q-I --c:=J Q. G--t -( I Q (1---t -{ IU (1---t
I'\;.~~"i::!\~ T'2.c~=.S"~, J;.-=f-=2I''' j I~..,t"l":'
I'?, >"1:, :: 1:"'1 >-..t'Z.
31. Two resistors of equal lengths are connected to a battery by ideal wires. The
resistors have the same radii but are made ofdilferent materials and have different
resistivity's p with PI>P2. +

a. Is the current II in resistor I larger than, smaller than~e sam\bls h in resistor 2

1lJx5Itt~-.+l'\e'i\'61-oY'S \r\ ~ lJ'ii~ Y\O

J~ oY\,('D.Ml ~ (.C\\~{J,,)~ C'l\ ~ ~ ')

b. Which of the two resistors diss~)ates the larger amount of power? Explain.
?~1:'JO'i-r:.2.«. 1: M.j.{,o ~~, k71.P1-(Z, >~2. ~. r<"digb\~
c. Is the voltage LlV I across resistor I larger than, smaller than, or the same as LlV 2 across res~ ~.
Explain. 6V1 ,>1::>\/1. 'G--t~ ~I )\<.-2: I ~ %e ~

V=T.t2
32. Redraw the circuits below using standard circuit symbols with only right angle connections.

~."'-_J '"
'~~i@)

- ~~~"~
~\.

-~
2. ~"=~,

L" ,~~~~
: ''rf
C;;
~"=~==-
~
~

33. A Ilashlight bulb is connected between two 1.5 V batteries as shown. Does ~ _. _
the bulb light? Why or why not'? ~{1LJ- ''''+1,
No I V\.X'c.1M* ~ bR. (A C,ovJ-\ ("'\~ ~crop-.__ V f' \ \

34. Current lin !lows into the three resistor connect togeher one after the other.
H, ~ ~
The graph shown the value ofthc voltage as a funciton of distance. f,.-~/~A

a. Is 1Onlgreater than, less than, or cqual to lin? Explain.

ecc \.A.CLR. -'P C»'t1 ~C".l5I \M ~

b. Rank in order, tromlargest to s~e~ resistances R1, R2, and

RJ. V= re.
 CUI'rent Worksheet Problems
It doesn't how much YOll want. What really mailers is how much )'Olt \',.'antit. 7'l1e extent and complexity of/he proh/em
malleI' does
n01lJlafler was much as does the willingness to soh:e if. -- Ralph Marston
35. Examine this circuit. V -::~ '«.. .
a. Write the Kirchhoff's Loop Rule equation for this circuit.

V€, - 1: I l2., - -:t2.~'Z.- "t:'!> e~= t:>

Ve, ." U.2.)tICC» ~ (\.'2.).'00") -t~.'2X15)
b.

c.
What is the total current.

\.1.. A l<r~')
What is the voltage drop at each re.sistor?
vlOO (\.2)( 100) -:: \20v'

Vso 0.'2.)( 'Stij' -::.(pO v

'joy
v'S ~.'2..Jl.'_S_~_-_--
\( ~ -= '2,..-, 0 V
36. Draw a circ~; for whili.h the Rirchhoff loop rul;'e.a;-'ation is:
n. 6v-ll.2n)-~1.4b)=o ~
Y" lPV~

h.

c.
12 V
'i",

9V~,.
-0,. 4n)=

Q,
(2.,

S~Q2'
e1.
Q.1.
12 V -(I,. 6n~= a
v.. 12..V-
lZ.,
3q= 9V -tt, . sq.t, . 3'9= a
rn ~~
121.

Yo Yo

lZ,
'1v.- ~ la3
37. For the circuit to the right
a. Write the Kirchhoffs Loop Rule equation.
1'2.- L.I (2.'5) ~ \'2. -1:1..( 1'5)." 11. - r~(4'6) = 11. -1:..., (os"'J = 0 12.() V ~
b. Determine current through the circuit
45.(}n
V ~
r bCU<::\ = I, t 1:2, -\' 1:~l' 1:.'-1 T::: R 35.(} n

l?::-
2'5
+ J1=..
IS
-t 1'2-
"is
-t- 1'2..
05
-- 12.(.L
'2.'0
-t Ie
I"
'-+ -'
'is -t":")
'3~
-= 1'2..(.1'51)-= \.'1 A
c. Determine the currenrthat goes throu h each resistor
I_V
,,~ 12, -
- 12..
'2..'5 - •
'i 00 A
~--
I" = ~2 = -\~ -:: [~ A ~
I,,:: ::::L '" !1- -= \. 2-(,,, Po]
12?, Lf5

I,s - ?>1f A J
*y"" ~i"\"-.
 Current Worksheet Problems
II doesn', moUer !low much YOli want. What really matters is how much you wanl il. The extent and complexity (~rtheproblem does
not maUer was much as does the willingness to solve it. -- Ralph Marst"' •..
2.-\

38. For the circuit on the right:

a. Write the Kirchhoff loop rule equation

\1 - r:: ('2.) - 1:('1) -=. '0

\1.-l'2.)("2.) -t~(Lt}=0
L I
11 V
:
b. Calcuiate the Voltage lost at the 4£1 and 2£1 resistor V
in this circuit. 11 v~
V4 <? (J: 12.)
I
V, 4 ~(L) HI
I
c. On the graph of voltage vs. location in circuit, graph
the Voltage changes in the circuit.
(J

39. For the circuit to the right:

? A
a. Write the Kirchhoff loop rule equation.
(p -

b.
r.('i) -r:("2..; = 0

Calculate the current in the circuit.

lJ::: (pI.::: ';> 1: ::.~ =8

L:6V -IQ
: "vW
20
}
c. Calculate the voltage drop at each resistor

V If ::: r r< .:. (nut) = fYV\

v1. ::. 1: 12 :: 0) ("2.) -=~
d. On the graph of voltage vs. location in circuit,
graph the Voltage changes in the circuit.

"
 CU'Tent Worksheet Problems
If doesn', malleI' holl' /1/lich YOlf want. What really malleI's is how much you want il. 71u!e;r/ent and c011lplf!xify (~rthe problem does
no/mafla Ivas much as does the willingness 10 solve it. -- Ralph Marston
40. What is the equivalent resistance of each group of resistors?
I _ \
T-
~ - l.,
\JL t
:'::'3"
.~..
""-

i
-,
-= ~ 1"?::.
~\ ts> t,

~t~ \
~l. r.:r;~\~ ". "'-V~;"-I-. -1 .;- -t..!..
•.• '2.
-=- :. ~ '2.
3
,.
,"',1':
.t:..f'I
:1.1'- .' II! I" I'\"'1- 71:.,.,
.~... '3 ~'.,.";'::2,,
::-:" :;:;::)"
'2.
I .. 'V'.V.- L-J "2- ~ ~
0:"... -;. 1: -t -l.- I j 1,""';-=3
--,. 2. 2.2 I
'2Jl

v.,'':'' 1..~.L
-~'r

-=: 1:: ~ .2 + t + :Ie:/5

\
~:
~'" ~=.5' ~ '3
241V.A 60'1N light bulb and a 100 W light bulb are placed one after the other in a circuit.
The battery's emf is large enough that both bulbs are glowing.
'3 2 l 2..

Which one glows more +

I 60 IV
.

e8
I

brightly? Exp~ain.
\h.. ~~
Pc:II,V-er.ike b~S
blAibS .../,~
(M)"

(;UI.e
'I.
T C710
oUk1~
-ervJe
h:>
e:t.*::::r::-
_~
.
_' ..._ .....
-1-=-
_ ....
100IVj
J
OJ e't.~ \)()I~ ~ titu. ~V() > 12'00 'iM'\(.-e:t ~ ~ S~
cl l' = :I:'1.~ \/<.00 ) ~.,o ~ [ ~D VV q.A'OV:>~ ~. J
42. Bulbs A, Band C are identical. Rank in order, from most ttteast, the brightness of the
three bulbs. Explain. A; > 13 = C
~ ~S o...x-e \~tp...{l ~ r:GA= tes = Rc c

~ 9=r2.~ \\tv ~~ }h~ A .M ~

~ 6qC ~ .M-.M b~.
43. Initially bulbs A and B are glowing. Then the switch is Qlosed. What happens to each
bulb? Does it get brighter, stay the same, get dimmer or go out? Explain.
A ~~ b",,~ ~ 3 ~crG& ovU- ~c~ j
+
B

CLD~ Uu?0~1&v ~h C51Nf- L3lP~ 'C1

I.RCL re~n-(;U"\.L.e) . .
44. What happens to the light intensity of a set of identical lamps in series when you add an additional lamp? How

c~ ~ ol,C,rY'\~ 'oeC~ ~j(\ ~~ il)c.r-ec.....~

'6'0 Q..,v-X'~ cN.~.
45. What happens to the light intensity of a set of identical lamps in parallel when you add an additional
lamp? How comc?
\10 C~ 'O{.C.~ ii-- ,'D ~ &<PCU"'0vK lo-r;p ~
CtM"Y'u-vt iV\ to-.lh- b"'0vv\.Lh., atoM '.j.. ~L (~ tl".CY'e
0M""reAA-k A p~ ~ ~~). !
 Current Worksheet Problems
II doesn'lmaffer how much you wan!. What really mailers is how much you want if. The e.;'(lentand complexity (?flhe proh/em does
not mafle,. was much as does (he willingness to solve it. -- Ralph Marston

46. Fill out the table for the circuit diagramed at the right (q -:r( 10)-T(20) -:I~3<::>J

Circuit Resistance
(p -1: l(,o)~
Voltage (V) Current (A)
Position (n)
R] .10.0 \ V • 1 t>.
R2 20.0 l.V . \ f>< y ~"!:e.
R3
Total
30.0
100.0
'2.,"';

6.00 ,,~
• \ f>" =(:.1)(10')::\

47. Fill. out the table for the circuit diagramed at the right
\0 - ~,(IO) -::0
Circuit Resistance J:= IP_ IP
Voltage (V) . Current (A) 0 - .
Position (n) I \

R] 10.0 (, Y .lPA (p- II. ('2...t:) -:::.

0
R2 20.0 V .3
R3 30.0
(0
f.fY
. "l-Pr
P<-
"1:2.:' io:.. 3
Total '5. Y6..n.. 6.00 \.\ A lp - I:'3 ('61» =-0
..•• -\.p-1.
~
t -- \.
(\
\0
1.
-+ '20 -t 00
1)-'
-= (.!!-
.'-.LQo
T 2.
CoO
of 2:.)"' _ \1
(pO ... -
'"
.t ::
.L", - -
"
- •
~o
(.Do
48. Fill out the table for the circuit diagramed at the right

Circuit Resistance
Voltage (V) Current (A)
Position (n)
R] 10.0 '2.1 v' ."2-7 A
R2 20.0 3.:' V .110", ~
R3 30.0 ?:J .!:> V • II A
Total £.. J-.n. 6.00 • "2.'" A
'2...
L. - 1: ,(10) - "T.~7..o)~ a
1
-
\
-t L :. .2- T
!<-R't - 2.0 ?:>"D lt10 (go
(,:,- (.2i)lIC)-I2(u» ~D
rZ #t -= 1 0 -+ !"2.. -=- 2. 2. ...rL LP- 2.,-=.1:2.("2.0)

v - r,(IO) - I3l'6")"-c
~ - 2..1 " r 3('61:»

3.~ - 1:'",,<fi)
30 -:;r-
1:3"=.1 I
 Current Worksheet Problems
II duesn't maller hoH' much you want. What really matters is how much yuu 'want il. The e.r:lenland complexil)' a/rhe prohlem does
1101muller was much as does {he wdlingness to so/\'e it. -- Ralph Marston

J.n n s
Hulf".A --
\
(Ut
9(JV -=. (d) n 3.0.n
Bulo IJ 1 OulbC

1. light bulbs of fixed resistance 3.0 Q and 6.0 Q, a 9.0 V battery, and a switch 5 are connected as shown in the
schematic diagram above. The switch 5 is closed.

(a) Calculate the current in bulb A.

~~:: 1+2. -:. '5..n.
V~ =. 1:'Oo.>'t ~O<t

(b) Calculate the current in bulb B and bulb C.

'j - rA(~) -1:6(t.» '=1) q -X/>o(3) -l:.c.("3):.c
-=
q - (\~')(~) (p:t', 3.\# -::: b 1:,
\.Q:t:a
"~'S.,-\ -::: fIe.'" l.lA J
~.I1-:=(P~~
. r1: ::. i;19
(c) Which light bulb is brighftis" .Iusily your answer by calculating the power for each bulb.
~~~j ~ C-
~ __ ~ ~,,1:"2.12 \ ~:: r'2..j2.
fl~1.12. = O.<6J C~):'f\.12."'1 -=(.lP)"l.(U)V"W -::Q.'2.)"Z.(~) ~f:~'l..W
(c) Switch S is then opened. By checking the appropriate spaces below, indicate whether the brightness or
each light bulb increases, decreases, or remains the same. Explain your reasoning for each light bulb.
i. Bulb A: The brightness __ increases ~deereases __ remains the same
Explanation: tirCv1.4- i'::> no.,.:> ~.eQ ~ ~ c;lQ.~ f>=-I.~
II. Bulb B: The brightness #-inereases decreases remains the same
Explanation: C\,VV'r~ +h ~ e, ..A.b ~ ~

Ill. Bulb C: The brightness __ increases $deereases __ remains the same

Explanation:

c 'ole

V\,W) e..u-cW-t ~:: 3t (p -:: q n.

\_- :.T~ = Tn. -=I6-~

 Current Worksheet Problems
II doesn', maller huw much you wan!. What really matters is how much YOlf wan! it. The extent (1mlcomplexity (~rlheproblem does
no! molter ira.\"much as does the willingness 10 so/t'c it. -- Ralph Marston
2. Two lightbulbs, one rated 30 W at 120 V and another rated 40 W at 120 V, are arranged in two different circuits.

(a) The two bulbs are first connected in parallel to a 120 V source.
i. Determine the resistanc.c-ofthe bulb rated 30 Wand the current in it when it is connected in this
circuit. V"'L
:p -=: f.2. "1<.,-=15"
,,'L..
-=
r '\ '2-0)"1-.
l.! at>
~
-.:: l<::: 4 ~2(
I = ~ -= ~
~ L.ffsD
~ 0'S
•
l'cj
n;

II. Determine the resistance of the bulb rated 40 Wand the current in it when it is connected in this
circuit.? ,,2.. V' U'1..D)"2.. ~ y 1'2.0 ~-::\
~ ~ -=-") Rr \3::;; '-to ~ r::: te-:: ~ -:.~
(b) The bulbs are now connected in series with each other and a 120 V source.
i. Detelll1ine the resistance of the bulb rated 30 Wand the current in it when it is connected in this
circuit. S~ y~o n. if', ~~ ~~:: 4%c "'0(,,0 :: %l-\D..el-
L-:: ~ =G)'-tA \
II. Detel:rnine the resistance of the bulb rated 40 W and th~ecurrent in it whe~t is connected in this
CIrcUIt. c ~ 'DloO.n.. .
o . ~~

(c) In the spaces below, number the bulbs in each situation described, in order of their brightness.
(I = brightest, 4 = dimmest)

Z 30 W bulb in the parallel circuit

_, 40 W bulb in the parallel circuit

2> 30 W bulb'in the series circuit

~ 40 W bulb in the series circuit

(d) Calculate the total power dissipated by the two bulbs in each of the following cases.
i. The parallel circuit

ii. The series circuit

'V=-TL..Q
~ -= C:.\'-01.- ("H Cl ') -=- 9 .t--\{)~ \;'J
~t:>

?'1 0 -=- (. \ '-\)'2- ( 2>(0,:;) .-=: I. 05 \0 V'l

 Current Worksheet Problems
It doesn't matter how much you want. What rea/~l' rnal/ers is how much you want it. The extent and complexity (?fthe problem does
nvtmatler was much as does the willingness to solve it. -- Ralph Marston

.'
3. The circuit above contains a battery with negligible internal resistance, a closed switch S, and three resistors, each
with a resistance of R or 2R.

(a) (i) Rank the currents in the three resistors from greatest to least. with number 1 being greatest. If two
resistors have the same current, give them the same ranking.
\ IA ~ III 2- Ie
(ii) Justify your answers.
~ \W-.U~ ~oJd~ -hR1J~b +'vv~h ~
~ <Z:0,-ts CA.k-j\A."f. c...\-1\JY\. '\ZC 'I[\~ 0.. \~ '(~\~e"1Jo 6'1't
(b) (i) Rank the voltages across the three resistors lI'om greatest to least, with number I being greatest. I
two resistors have the same voltage across them, give them the same ranking. ~
2.. 2 Ve
\ VA
(ii) Justify your answers. ~~
VB
~'.l . r. '"
~ "..
e. .
\oe.c.~'K- C-\.A-X'r~ . . U ~ . U. '-t'~ '
'6 q C . f<-A -:.1-g '1ro -IT-u:ii\ \~ T'tb V c\Ko-p.
For parts (c) through (e), usc € = 12 V and R = 200 n, .
(c) Calculate the equivalent resistance of the circuit.

l<.~1= 2.-(£.00) +- (l.~Df-1./ooJ' =\'5~~.JI- 1

(d) Calculate the current in resistor Re.

\'2. - IA(2.\Z.) - L(.C~) ~

\'2. - (.O'"2-'26)('-tOO) - Lc. (l ...oo)-=:O

\ '2. - 9 -::1..-0'() Tc.

'C Ie -= .OI15P< OJ
AP Physics 1: Electrostatics and Circuits Answer Key

--""
:I,..cv) "4ovt.. ~l,.)(;.J r.r~,~
'l
..,
2.c~.~:.i'" ':' .t'~,-,=.I".
b. 3,\1l /\. i~tOud,~ by a pb,lic 1('1(1thul \\ia.~n.lhhcd with wool acdball R j:. Illuched h~'II
;::Ja~s!(lOjlila' wn.~ rubbt:d wi:h ••ill.
.,
'\7 O,+-:••~..•...:
!'rO d~

Co H<jlh ,<J'C dw~~d by <l pl:ll<tiC m.1, bul haJI /\ i., o.:haT~oofllme thall ball n .

•....l.,..;-! f.", ..•; •.:'1~:':

.;
r~o.....
~ -<:fl'::'!..-.. !..) H.....
< •..

J. BIlII ~\ j, dlillS •.d hY:J pla ••tic r;.x1.Hall n is Jleutral.

-.-,' , . ,
; &..t ..•• ;...••.;)-.,Jf!. ,1? .••.:.c:'!A ~l.:. .::':~~
~.;.,.,
~
.j....
'0:. !r-> ,?t:I'~:'-l:::~T
.•:.'\ ':." -}'~.•."

2. a. yes b. neutral object doesn't cause force c. yes (equal but opposite of comb) d. negative

3. a. move farther apart b. leaves will come closer together.

<---B

4. neutral 5. negative 6. negative

9. a) 6.25 x 1018Lost b) 1.25 x 1013gained c) 5 x 1013Lost d) 2 x 1013gained

10.48.9 N 11. 1.76 x 10-4 N 12. 2.64 ~IC 13.40 N 14.39 cm

Fq
r.~o /
1
r,:,
Fe; 4
15.a. b. 9.26 x lOBC 16 a. 3.6xlO. N c) 0.012 m/s' & 0.006 m/s' d)
16 e. speed increases at a decreasing rate until it become constant at an infinite distance away.

17.0.147 A 18.2.42xlO17 19. 16 A 20.107 ohms 21. 0.5 A 22.a.5.45A b. 655 W c. 589 kJ d. 74 cents

23. same 25.1 A out 26. 0.24 ohms 27. A (b wont work) 28.2:1

.1----"
..1-.
T
,
L
-
I
..•
r'
---..J
31a. Same b. R, c. V,>V, 32.

33. No 34. a. same b. R3>R,>R, 35 a. Vb'" -I,R, - I,R,- I,R3 = a b. 1.2 A c. 120 V, 60 V, 90 V

36.a.
(pi t"Sf' t'lll b.
,;lVG?] ~11
c.
Cfv ~Jf_
~

37. a. Vb." -1,(25) =. Vb." - 1,(15) = Vb.,,-13(45) = Vb.,,-I,(35) = a b. 1.9 A c. 0.48 A, 0.8 A, 0.27 A, 0.343 A
•

AP Physics 1: Electrostatics and Circuits Answer Key

".':~:[j"'ifii
,.,."..Ii .•... i-~r
i
:
I ! •...
38. a. Vb'" -I,R, - I,R,= 0 b. 8V, 4 V c. '-- -'

40. a. 11 0 b. 9 0 c. 1 0 d. 0.5 0 e. 7.5 0 f. 2.7 0

41. 60 W 42.A>B=C 43. A gest brighter and B goes out. 44. dimmer 45. no change

46.
Circuit Resistance
Voltage (V) Current (A)
Position (0)
R, 10.0 1 0.1
R, 20.0 2 0.1
R3 -:zr:' .() 3 0.1
Total 60 G.OO 0.1

47.
Circuit Resistance
Voltage (V) Current (A)
Position (0)
R, Iv.1) 6 0.6
R, 200 6 0.3
R3 30.0 6 0.2
Total 5.45 6.00 1.1

48.
Circuit Resistance
Voltage (V) Current (A)
Position (0)
R, ".:).:.1 2.7 .27
R, 2U.O 3.3 .165
R3 30.1l 3.3 .11
Total 22 5.00 .27

49 (1) a) 1.8 A, b) 0.6A, 1.2 A c) Bulb A d) A decreases, B increases, C decreases

50. (2) a) i. 480 0, 0.25 A ii. 360 0, 0.33 A b) i. 480 0, 0.14 A ii) 360 0, 0.14 A c) 2, 1, 3,4 d) i. 70 W ii. 16.5 W

51. (3) a) i. 1,3,2 b) i. 1, 2, 2 c) 533 0 d) 0.015A