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TUV RHEINLAND is Notified Body with European Directives for the following items :
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CONTEXT
Context
The ATEX regulation (concerning EXplosive ATmospheres) is based on two European directives:
Directive 1999/92/EC dated December 16th, 1999, « on minimum requirements for improving the
safety and health protection of workers potentially at risk from explosive atmospheres ».
Directive 94/9/EC dated March 23rd, 1994, « on the approximation of the laws of the Member States
concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive
atmospheres»,
Date of application
Since 1st July 2003, ATEX directives are mandatory and applicable for the whole European
Community.
All companies which are concerned by the manufacturing, the use or the distribution of equipments
intended to be put into service in explosive atmospheres, will have to conform to the essential
requirements with regard to safety and health which are envisaged by the ATEX Directives.
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WHAT IS ATEX ?
What is an explosion ?
An explosion is the fast evolution of a system, with
release of energy and production of mechanical and
possibly thermals effects (serious human and material
damage, important formation of gas and heat). The
definition, taken from EN 1127-1 standard, can also be
quoted: an explosion is a "abrupt reaction of oxidation or
decomposition involving a rise in temperature, pressure
or both simultaneously".
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Temperature
of liquids > Flash point *
* Temperature to which a liquid emits sufficient vapors to form with the air a flammable mixture
Surface temperature
of process > Self ignition
temperature
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The dangerous substances above defined can be found in several types of industry:
Petrochemistry
Agroalimentary
Chemistry
Pharmacy Recycling
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ATEX CLASSIFICATION
Classification of zones
The 94/9/EC Directive defines some zones with risks of explosion, with a distinction between
gas atmospheres (G) or dust atmospheres (D).
Presence of explosive
Zone for Gas (G) Zone for Dust (D)
atmosphere
Permanent presence, under
normal operation
0 20
Occasional presence, under
normal operation
1 21
Accidental presence, in case of
dysfunction 2 22
Categories of apparatuses
To recognize the zones where the apparatuses can be installed, they are split into 2 majors
fields (mines and surface) and classified with the following categories:
Category of apparatus
Suitable zones
Surface Mines
1 M1 Zone 0 or zone 20
2 M2 Zone 1 or zone 21
3 - Zone 2 or zone 22
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Gas groups
4 groups of gas are defined, based on characteristics of 5 representative gases (the ones used
for the type tests)
Minimal source of
Apparatus group Gas group Gas
ignition (µJ)
Temperature classes
The temperature class defines the maximal surface temperature of an apparatus, based on a
defined maximal operating ambient temperature:
Corresponding surface
Temperature Classes
temperature (°C)
T1 450
T2 300
T3 200
T4 135
T5 100
T6 85
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EXAMPLES OF CLASSIFICATION
OF GAS AND DUSTS
Gas
Corresponding Corresponding
Gas
Gas Group Temperature class
Acetone IIA T1
Acetylene IIC T2
Ammonia IIA T1
Butane IIA T2
Cyclohexane IIA T3
Ethanol IIA T2
Ethylene IIB T2
Hydrogen IIC T1
Kerosene IIA T3
Methane IIA T1
Methanol IIA T2
Methyl Ethyl Ketone IIB T2
Propane IIA T1
Propan 1 ol IIA T2
Propan 2 ol IIA T2
Tetrahydrofuran IIB T3
Toluene IIA T1
Xylene IIA T1
Dusts
Typical ignition temperature (°C)
Dust Cloud Layer
Aluminium 590 > 450
Coal dust 380 225
Flour 490 340
Grain dust 510 300
Methyl cellulose 420 320
Phenolic resin 530 > 450
Polythene 420 Melts
PVC 700 > 450
Soot 810 570
Starch 460 435
Sugar 490 460
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EQUIVALENCES BETWEEN
Gas groups
Gas group
Apparatus Groups / Class / Zones Representative
CENELEC
group CSA US gas
CEI
Group I (Mines) I Mines Methane
IIA D Class I Div 1/2 IIA Class I Zone 0/1/2 Propane
Group II IIB C Class I Div 1/2 IIB Class I Zone 0/1/2 Ethylene
(Surfaces) IIB + H2 B Class I Div 1/2 Hydrogen
IIC Class I Zone 0/1/2
IIC A Class I Div 1/2 Acetylene
Classification of zones
Presence of
Permanent presence, under Occasional presence, Accidental presence, in
explosive
normal operation under normal operation case of dysfunction
atmosphere
CENELEC / Zone 0 (Gas) Zone 1(Gas) Zone 2 (Gas)
CEI Zone 20 (Dust) Zone 21 (Dust) Zone 22 (Dust)
Class I Div 1 / Class I Zone 0 (Gas) Class I Div 1 / Class I Zone 1 (Gas) Class I Div 2 / Class I Zone 2 (Gas)
CSA US Class II Div 1 (Dust) Class II Div 1 (Dust) Class II Div 2 (Dust)
Class III Div 1 (Fibers) Class III Div 1 (Fibers) Class III Div 2 (Fibers)
References
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Temperature classification
T° class
Maximum surface T° class
US (NEC 505)
temperature °C US (NEC 500)
IEC CENELEC
450 T1 T1
300 T2 T2
280 - T2A
260 - T2B
230 - T2C
215 - T2D
200 T3 T3
180 - T3A
165 - T3B
160 - T3C
135 T4 T4
120 - T4A
100 T5 T5
85 T6 T6
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Compliance of apparatuses:
Only the equipments which are approved for ATEX can be used in explosive atmospheres
areas.
The compliance with ATEX can be evaluated by an ATEX notified body, or can be self
evaluated by the manufacturer, depending on the belonging category of apparatus:
Involved annexes of
Equipments Category Conformity assessment
directive 94/9/EC
III and IV or V
1 or M1 Certification by Notified body required
IX
III and IV or VI or VII
Electrical 2 or M2 Certification by Notified body required
IX
equipments
Self certification or Self certification
3 Voluntary certification by a Notified III
body IX
III and IV or V
1 or M1 Certification by Notified body required
IX
Archiving file at Notified body or VIII
Mechanical 2 or M2 Voluntary certification by a Notified III
equipments body IX
Self certification or Self certification
3 Voluntary certification by a Notified III
body IX
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Types of protection:
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MARKING
CE 035 II 2 G or D
Dust
Gas
Category of apparatus
Group of apparatus for surface
Logo for explosive atmosphere
Number of the notified body which has checked the production quality insurance
CE Marking
EEx d IIC T6
Temperature class
Gas group
Type of protection
Answer to European CENELEC standards
IP 66 T80°C
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APPLICABLE STANDARDS
The current standards used for the passage to the new Directive 94/9/EC in July 2003, are the series
5 standards (EN 50014, EN 50018, EN 50019, etc.).
To achieve to the harmonization of the reference frames, gradually, from July 2006, the series 5
standards are destined to be replaced by series 6 standards (EN 60079-0, EN 60079-1, etc.), which
are in fact based on the international IEC standards.
The main change is the clear separation between the standards for the use in gas atmospheres (EN
60079 standards) and the standards for the use in presence of combustible dusts (EN 61241
standards). And as a consequence, new types of protection (shown above) have appeared for dusts.
The series 6 standards bring in addition more severe requirements and additional tests, for which any
manufacturer will have to comply if they want to respect the essential requirements for health and
safety of the directive 94/9/EC.
An other new is also the coming out of the mechanical standards. They provide a methodology, by the
realization of a risk analysis, to define what are the potential sources of ignition due to the mechanical
construction and/or operating of the equipment.
The tables shown below try to give, when the information is available, when will the current series 5
standards be replaced by the new series 6.
To see all the specific standards related to directive 94/9/EC (Electrostatic painting, Internal
combustion engines, Packaging machines, Pumps, Refrigerating systems, etc), you can have a look
to the following internet links :
http://www.newapproach.org/Directives/ProductFamilies.asp?94/9/EC
http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/newapproach/standardization/harmstds/reflist/atex.html
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Date of
Previous New cancellation of
Title
standard Standard the series 5
standards
EN 50014 (1997)
EN 60079-0 (2004) General requirements 01-03-2007
+ A1 and A2
EN 50018 (2000)
EN 60079-1 (2004) Flameproof enclosures ‘d’ 01-03-2007
+ A1
EN 50016 (2002) EN 60079-2 (2004) Pressurized enclosures ‘p’ 01-06-2007
prEN 60079-5
EN 50017 (1998) Requirements for Powder filling ‘q Not yet defined
(2006)
prEN 60079-6
EN 50015 (1998) Requirements for Oil immersion ‘o’ Not yet defined
(2006)
EN 50019 (2000) EN 60079-7 (2003) Increased safety ‘e’ 01-07-2006
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Date of
Previous New cancellation of
Title
standard Standard the series 5
standards
EN 62086-1 Electrical resistance trace heating –
None -
(2005) General and testing requirements
Electrical resistance trace heating –
EN 62086-2
None Application guide for design, -
(2005)
installation and maintenance
prEN 14986 Design of fans working in potentially
None -
(2004) explosive atmospheres
Flame arresters – Performance
EN 12874 (2001) None requirements, test methods and -
limits for use
Date of
Previous New cancellation of
Title
standard Standard the series 5
standards
Caplights for use in mines
susceptible to firedamp - Part 1 :
EN 62013-1
None General requirements - Construction -
(2002)
and testing in relation to the risk of
explosion
Caplights for use in mines
EN 62013-2 susceptible to firedamp - Part 2 :
None -
(2000) Performance and other safety-related
matters
Caplights for mines susceptible to
EN 50033 (1991) None -
firedamp
Group I, Category M1 equipment
intended to remain functional in
EN 50303 (2000) None -
atmospheres endangered by
firedamp and/or coal dust
EN 50394-1 Group I – Intrinsically safe systems –
None -
(2004) Part 1 : Construction and testing
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EN 61241-14 (2004)
: Selection and
installation Electrical apparatus protected by
EN 50281-1-2
enclosures – Selection, installation 01-09-2007
(1998) + A1 EN 61241-17 (2005) and maintenance
: Inspection and
maintenance
Test methods – Methods for
EN 50281-2-1
None determining the minimum ignition -
(1998)
temperatures of dust
Classification of areas where
EN 50281-3
EN 61241-10 (2004) combustible dusts are or may be 01-07-2007
(2002)
present
Standard Title
EN 13463-1 (2001) General requirements
EN 13463-2 (2004) Protection by flow restricting enclosure ‘fr’
EN 13463-3 (2005) Protection by flameproof enclosure ‘d’
EN 13463-5 (2003) Protection by constructional safety ‘c’
EN 13463-6 (2005) Protection by control of ignition sources ‘b‘
prEN 13463-7 (2005) Protection by pressurization ‘p’
EN 13463-8 (2003) Protection by liquid immersion ‘k’
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IEC STANDARDS
Standard Title
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - General
IEC 60079-0 (2004)
requirements
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Flameproof
IEC 60079-1 (2003)
enclosures ‘d’
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 1-1:
IEC 60079-1-1 (2002) Flameproof enclosures 'd' - Method of test for ascertainment of
maximum experimental safe gap
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Pressurized
IEC 60079-2 (2001)
enclosures ‘p’
IEC 60079-4 (1975) + Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres. Part 4: Method of
A1 test for ignition temperature
IEC 60079-5 (1997) + Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Requirements for
A1 Powder filling ‘q
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Requirements for
IEC 60079-6 (1995)
Oil immersion ‘o’
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Increased safety
IEC 60079-7 (2001)
‘e’
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Classification of
IEC 60079-10 (2002)
hazardous areas
IEC 60079-11 (1999) Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Intrinsic safety ‘i’
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 12:
IEC/TR 60079-12 (1978) Classification of mixtures of gases of vapours with air according to their
maximum experimental safe gaps and minimum igniting currents
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmosphere - Part 13: Construction and use
IEC/TR 60079-13 (1982) of rooms or buildings protected by pressurization
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Electrical
IEC 60079-14 (2002)
installations in hazardous areas (other than mines)
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Type of
IEC 60079-15 (2005)
protection ‘n’
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres. Part 16: Artificial
IEC/TR 60079-16 (1990)
ventilation for the protection of analyser(s) houses
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Inspection and
IEC 60079-17 (2002) maintenance of electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than
mines)
IEC 60079-18 (2004) Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Encapsulation ‘m’
Repair and overhaul for apparatus used in explosive atmospheres
IEC 60079-19 (1993)
(other than explosives)
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 20: Data for
IEC/TR 60079-20 (1996) flammable gases and vapours, relating to the use of electrical
apparatus
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Standard Title
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Intrinsically safe
IEC 60079-25 (2003)
systems
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Construction, test
IEC 60079-26 (2004)
and marking of Group II category 1G electrical apparatus
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Fieldbus
IEC 60079-27 (2005) intrinsically safe concept (FISCO) and fieldbus non-incendive concept
(FNICO)
Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Protection of
IEC 60079-28 (200X)
equipments and transmission systems using optical radiation
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-0 (2004)
General requirements
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-1 (2004)
Protection by enclosures ’tD’
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part
IEC 61241-2-1 (1994) 2: Test methods - Section 1: Methods for determining the minimum
ignition temperatures of dust
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part
IEC 61241-2-2 (1993) 2: Test methods - Section 2: Method for determining the electrical
resistivity of dust in layers
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part
IEC 61241-2-3 (1994) 2: Test methods - Section 3: Method for determining minimum ignition
energy of dust/air mixtures
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Type
IEC 61241-4 (2001)
of protection 'pD'
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-10 (2004)
Classification of areas where combustible dusts are or may be present
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-11 (2005)
Protection by intrinsic safety "iD"
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-14 (2004)
Selection and installation
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-17 (2005)
Inspection and maintenance
Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust -
IEC 61241-18 (2004)
Protection by encapsulation ‘mD’
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