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Review
Under-reinforced beams with tension reinforcement only
Beams with tension and compression reinforcements
T-Beams
Over-reinforced beams with tension reinforcement only
200 mm
310 400 mm
mm
1 = 0.85 - 0.0015 f'c ≥ 0.67 These values are for calculating moment capacity
β1 = 0.97 - 0.0025 f'c ≥ 0.67 of the cross section
1 = 0.8
β1 = 0.88
𝛼1 𝛽1 𝑓𝑐′ 𝑏𝑐 = 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦 1000 × 400
𝑐= = = 81 𝑚𝑚
′ 0.8 × 0.88 × 35 × 200
𝛼1𝛽1𝑓𝑐 𝑏
310 mm 400 mm
The calculations below are for one point on the moment curvature curve.
To find the full response the procedure needs to be repeated for all points.
εb= 0.0010
For general moment-curvature response (at any moment level) stress-blocks for
modeling compressive response are:
2
t 1 t
stresses
1 1 / /
c 3 c
4 t / c/
1 Equivalent
6 2 t / c/ stress block
2 f c'
'
c 0.00215 ( Hognestad Parabola)
Ect
E ct 5500 f 'c = 32538 MPa
60.8 𝑘𝑁𝑚
h
Or divide
into layers
εb= 0.0010
*concrete in compression:
Hognestad Parabola
∈ ∈ 2
𝑓𝑐 = 𝑓𝑐′ [2( 𝑐 ) − ( 𝑐 ) ]
∈ 𝑜 ∈ 𝑜
*concrete in tension:
Linear elastic until cracking 𝑓𝑡 = 𝐸𝑐 𝜀𝑐 ≤ 𝑓𝑡′ Chen, W.F., "Plasticity in Reinforced Concrete", McGraw
Hill, 1982
𝑓𝑠 = 𝐸𝑠 𝜀𝑠 ≤ 𝑓𝑦
t b
9. Plot a point M versus
h