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Lecture-02

2.1 Double Integrals over Rectangles (Case 1)

Definition: The double integral (volume)

n
lim f ( xk , y k ). Ak f ( x, y )dA V f is integrable on R
p 0k 1
R

Iterated Integrals
n d d b
V lim f ( x k , y k ). Ak f ( x, y )dA A( y )dy f ( x, y )dx dy
p 0k 1
R c c a
b b d
A( x)dx f ( x, y )dy dx
a a c

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2.2 Double Integrals over Nonrectangular Regions (Case 2)

S1 {( x, y ) : 1 ( x) y 2 ( x), a x b}
S 2 {( x, y ) : 1 ( y ) x 2 ( y ), c y d}
b 2 ( x)
f ( x, y )dA f ( x, y )dydx
S1 a 1 ( x)
d 2 ( y)
f ( x, y )dA f ( x, y )dxdy
S2 c 1 ( y)

2.3 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

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Case 1
R {( r , ) : a r b, }
z f ( x, y ) f (r cos , r sin ) F (r , )
A( Rk ) k rk . rk
n n
V F (rk , k ) k rk . rk V f (r cos , r sin )rdrd
k 1 R

Case 2
S1 {( r , ) : a r b, 1 (r ) 2 (r )}
S 2 {(r , ) : 1 ( ) r 2 ( ), }
b 2 (r )
V f (r cos , r sin )rdrd f (r cos , r sin )rd dr
S1 a 1 (r )
2( )
V f (r cos , r sin )rdrd f (r cos , r sin )rdrd
S2 1( )

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Example

Find the volume of the solid in the first octant bounded by the circular paraboloid z x2 y2 ,

the cylinder x 2 y2 4 and the coordinate planes (Fig. 13).

Solution:
2
2 4 y
V {( x, y ) : 0 x 4 y 2 ,0 y 2} V (x2 y 2 )dxdy 2
0 0

Applications of Double Integrals

The actual mass m ( x, y )dA

S
The density (mass per unit area): ( x, y )
The area S : dA
The total moments : M y x ( x, y )dA and M y y ( x, y )dA
S S
My Mx
The mass is concentrated at : x and y
m m

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The Moment of Inertia

Moment of Inertia about the x - axis : I x y 2 δ(x,y)dA

S
Moment of Inertia about the y - axis : I y x 2 δ(x,y)dA
S
Moment of Inertia about the z - axis : I z Ix Iy

2.4 Triple Integrals in Cartesian Coordinates

n
f ( x, y, z )dV lim f ( x k , y k , z k ) Vk
p 0k 1
B

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a 2 2 ( x ) 2 ( x, y )
f ( x, y, z )dV f ( x, y, z )dzdydx
S a1 1 ( x ) 1 ( x, y )

Example
Evaluate the triple integral of f ( x, y, z)
bounded by the parabolic cylinder z
2xyz over the solid region S in the first octant that is
1 2
2 x and the planes z = 0, y = x, and y = 0.
2

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Solution:
x2
2
2x 2
4
2 xyzdV 2 xyzdzdydx
3
S 00 0

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2.5 Triple Integrals in Cylindrical Coordinates

2 r2 ( ) g 2 ( r , )
f ( x, y, z )dV f (r cos , r sin , z )rdzdrd
S 1 r1 ( ) g1 ( r , )

Example
Find the volume of the solid region S in the first octant bounded above by the paraboloid

z 4 x2 y 2 and laterally by the cylinder x 2 y2 2 x , y = 0 and f ( x, y, z) 1 as shown in

(Fig.5-6).

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Solution
/ 2 2 cos 4 r 2
5
V 1.dV rdzdrd
4
S 0 0 0

2.6 Triple Integrals in Spherical Coordinates

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c 2 b2 a 2
f ( x, y, z )dV f ( sin cos , sin sin , cos ) 2 sin .d .d .d
S c1 b1 a1

Example
Find the volume and center of mass of the homogeneous solid S that is bounded above by the
sphere = a, below by the cone , and f ( x, y, z) 1 where a and are constants (Fig.9)

Solution
2 a
2 2 a3
V 1. sin .d .d .d (1 cos )
3
0 0 0

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Applications of Triple Integrals

The actual mass m ( x, y, z )dV

S
The density (mass per unit area): ( x, y, z )
The volume S : dV
The moment about xy - plane : M xy z ( x, y, z )dV
S
The moment about xz - plane : Mxz y ( x, y, z )dV
S
The moment about yz - plane : M yz x ( x, y, z )dV
S
M yz M xz M xy
The mass is concentrated at : x ,y and z
m m m

The Moment of Inertia

Moment of Inertia about the x - axis : I x y2 z 2 δ(x,y, z)dV

S
Moment of Inertia about the y - axis : I y x2 z 2 δ(x,y, z)dV
S
Moment of Inertia about the z - axis : I z x2 y 2 δ(x,y, z)dV
S

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