NON – INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

ABSCONDING PETITIONER – A CONVICTED DEFENDANT WHOSE APPLICATION FOR PROBATION

HAS BEEN GIVEN DUE COURSE BY THE COURT BUT FAILS TO REPORT TO THE PROBATION
OFFICE OR HIS LOCATION IS UNKNOWN AND CANNOT LOCATED W/ REASONABLE TIME

ABSCONDING PROBATIONER – A PERSON WHOSE PROBATION WAS GRANTED BUT FAILED TO

REPORT FOR SUPERVISION WITHIN THE PERIOD ORDERED BY THE COURT OR HIS LOCATION IS
UNKNOWN.

ACT 4103 - OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE “INDETERMINATE SENTENCE LAW”, TOOK EFFECT ON
DECEMBER 5, 1933.

ACT NO. 4221 OF THE PHIL. ASSEMBLY (PROBATION ACT) - ESTABLISHED AN ADULT PROBATION
LAW BUT WAS ABOLISHED IN 1937 AFTER TWO (2) YEARS OF EXISTENCE ON THE GROUND OF
UNCONSTITUTIONALITY IN THE CASE OF PEOPLE VS. VERA, 37 O.G. 164.

ALEXANDER MOCHANOCHIE (ENGLAND) - SUPT OF NORFOLK ISLAND PENAL COLONY IN

AUSTRALIA INTRODUCED THE MARK SYSTEM (PROGRESSIVE HUMAN SYSTEM) TO SUBSTITUTE
FOR CORPORAL PUNISHMENT.

AMNESTY (WITH CONCURRENCE OF THE CONGRESS) - IT IS AN ACT OF THE SOVEREIGN POWER

GRANTING OBLIVION GENERAL PARDON FOR A PAST OFFENSE USUALLY GRANTED IN FAVOR
OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF PERSONS WHO HAVE COMMITTED CRIMES OF A POLITICAL
CHARACTER, SUCH AS TREASON, SEDITION, REBELLION

BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLE (BPP) - HEADED BY CHAIRMAN (SECRETARY OF JUSTICE). IS

RESPONSIBLE FOR GRANT OF PAROLE AND RECOMMENDING

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 3203 -TOOK EFFECT ON DECEMBER 3, 1924 =1ST JUVENILE
DELINQUENCY LAW OF THE LAND.

COMMUTATION OF SENTENCE – REDUCTION, REDUCING, LESSENING, LOWERING, MITIGATING

OR DEDUCTION OF THE SENTENCE. IT IS AN EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY THAT CHANGES A HEAVIER
SENTENCE TO A LESS SERIOUS ONE, OR A LONGER PRISON TERM TO A SHORTER PERIOD.

CONDITIONAL PARDON - SERVES THE PURPOSE OF RELEASING A PRISONER WHO IS ALREADY

REFORMED OR REHABILITATED BUT WHO CANNOT BE PAROLED BECAUSE THE PAROLE LAW
DOES NOT APPLY TO HIM. THUS A PRISONER SERVING A DETERMINATE SENTENCE OR LIFE
IMPRISONMENT IS EXCLUDED FROM THE BENEFITS OF THE PAROLE LAW. HOWEVER REFORMED
HE MAY BE GIVEN CONDITIONAL PARDON.

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT (DSWD) - HEADED BY SECRETARY.

RENDERS SERVICES FOR CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH THE LAW (CICL)

DR. S.G. HOWE OF BOSTON -FIRST MAN TO USE THE WORD “PAROLE”. HE USED THE WORD IN A
LETTER TO THE PRISON ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK IN 1869, AFTER SOME AMERICAN PRISON
REFORMS WHO OBSERVED THAT THE IRISH PRISON SYSTEM PAVED THE WAY FOR THE
APPROVAL OF THE LAW --- CREATING ELMIRA REFORMATORY.

EDWARD N. SAVAGE - EX- CHIEF OF POLICE OF BOSTON WHO BECAME THE FIRST PROBATION
OFFICER EMPLOYED BY THE GOVERNMENT.

ELMIRA REFORMATORY (1876) - FORERUNNER OF MODERN PENOLOGY, ESTABLISHED A LINK

BETWEEN THE COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAM AND THE PENAL INSTITUTION.

ENGLAND - IT IS WHERE PROBATION STARTED IN A FORM OF SUSPENDING JUDGMENT AND

RELEASING OFFENDER ON HIS OWN RECOGNIZANCE (ROR) WITH THE PROMISE NOT TO COMMIT
ANY MORE CRIME.
EXECUTIVE ORDER 83, SERIES OF 1937 -GAVE THE “BOARD” THE AUTHORITY TO ADVICE THE
CHIEF EXECUTIVE ON THE COURSE/S OF ACTION TO TAKE ON PETITIONS FOR EXECUTIVE
CLEMENCIES.

EXECUTIVE ORDER 94 - ALSO KNOWN AS THE “REORGANIZATION LAW OF 1947” WHICH

ABOLISHED THE BOARD OF PARDONS AND CREATED THE BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLE

NON – INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS – TAKE CHARGE OF CORRECTING OFFENDER THROUGH

COMMUNITY BASED – PROGRAM SUCH AS PROBATION, SUSPENDED SENTENCE FOR FIRST TIME
MINOR OFFENDERS, PAROLE AND CONDITIONAL PARDON.

PARDON (ABSOLUTE/CONDITIONAL) - IT IS A FORM OF EXECUTIVE CLEMENCY WHICH IS

EXERCISED BY CHIEF EXECUTIVE. IT IS AN ACT OF GRACE AND THE RECIPIENT IS NOT ENTITLED
TO IT AS A MATTER OF RIGHT. IT IS DISCRETIONARY AND NOT SUBJECT TO REVIEW BY THE
JUDICIARY.

PAROLE - A METHOD BY WHICH A PRISONER WHO HAS SERVED A PORTION OF HIS SENTENCE IS
CONDITIONALLY RELEASED BUT REMAINS IN LEGAL CUSTODY, THE CONDITION BEING THAT IN
CASE OF MISBEHAVIOR, HE SHALL BE IMPRISONED.
PAROLE AND PROBATION ADMINISTRATION (PPA) - HEADED BY ADMINISTRATOR. HANDLES THE
INVESTIGATION PETITIONERS FOR PROBATION & SUPERVISION OF PROBATIONER,
PAROLEES, AND CONDITIONAL PARDONEES.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 603 - “THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE” WHICH PROVIDES FOR
YOUTH PROBATION LAW THAT WAS SIGNED ON DECEMBER 10, 1974 AND TOOK EFFECT JUNE
10, 1975.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 968- REESTABLISHED THE ADULT PROBATION LAW WHICH WAS SIGNED
BY PRES. FERDINAND MARCOS ON JULY 24, 1976. “PROBATION LAW OF 1976”

PROBATION - IS A DISPOSITION UNDER WHICH A DEFENDANT, AFTER CONVICTION AND

SENTENCE, IS RELEASED SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS IMPOSED BY THE COURT AND TO THE
SUPERVISION OF A PROBATION OFFICER.

PROBATION OFFICERS- ONE WHO INVESTIGATES FOR THE COURT

PROBATIONER- A PERSON PLACE ON PROBATION.

REPRIEVE - TEMPORARY SUSPENSION OF THE EXECUTION OF SENTENCE (USUALLY EXTENDED

TO DEATH PENALTY PRISONERS). THIS WORD SIMPLY MEANS “TO MAKE BACK” OR THE
WITHDRAWING OF THE SENTENCE FOR AN INTERVAL OF TIME. IT IS THE TEMPORARY STAY IF THE
EXECUTION OF SENTENCE EXERCISED BY THE PRESIDENT

REPUBLIC ACT 9344- THE JUVENILE JUSTICE WELFARE ACT OF MAY 2006 AMENDING P.D. 603.

SIR WALTER CROFTON - (CHAIRMAN OF THE DIRECTORS OF IRISH PRISONS- 1856) - INTRODUCED
THE IRISH SYSTEM

UNITED STATES- PROBATION WAS PRACTICED BY JOHN AUGUSTUS (BOSTON SHOEMAKER) IN

1841 ALTHOUGH THE FIRST PROBATION LAW WAS PASSED IN MASSACHUSETTS 1878 BUT WAS
WIDELY USED ONLY UPON THE PASSAGE OF THE FIRST JUVENILE COURT LAW OF COOK
COUNTRY IN CHICAGO IN 1899.

ZEBULON R. BROCKWAY AS SUPERINTENDENT = USING INTERMEDIATE SENTENCE

COMPULSORY DEVELOPS PAROLE WHICH SOON SPREAD TO OTHER STATES IN U.S.A. FATHER
OF PRISON REFORM IN U.S