The Efficacy of Different Wavelengths of Light Emitting Diodes in the Attraction of Whiteleg

Shrimps (Litopenaeus vanamei)

A Science Investigating Project

Submitted as Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirements of Research II A

Bulac, Ajay Mark S.

Daguimol, Gracielle Love M.

David, Rain Caitlin Aelis T.

Intalco, Latrelle Oric E.

Quebral, Wilforde Martin L.

Timbal, Daniela Leane L.

Quezon City Science High School

January 2018
Rationale

Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a unique source of the antioxidant and anti-

inflammatory carotenoid astaxanthin. Its origins are in the Eastern Pacific between Mexico and

the North of Peru, but mainly in Central American waters and also in the Philippines. It is healthy

source of essential nutrients which is the reason why it is easily sold in the market. L. vannamei is

a nocturnal animal, they are found and restricted to areas where the water temperature remains

above 20° through the year. Adults live and spawn in the open ocean ,while postlarvae migrate

inshore to spend their juvenile, adolescent and sub-adult stages in coastal estuaries, lagoon or

mangrove areas.

The most commonly used ways to attract or catch shrimps are the use of traps, bait, nets,

light, fishing, etc. An example of the most common bait for shrimps is a mixture of powdered clay

and fish meat, other popular baits are flour, corn meal, cat food, and chicken feed. use a “fishing

light attractor” which is a tool that fishermen can use to attract the shrimps in order to harvest them

by using light. However, there are some flaws in these mentioned methods such as accidentally

attract or catch shrimps that are smaller and younger shrimps in the process. Another one would

be Different methods and techniques are used all around the world in catching these shrimps, but

sometimes it doesn’t go always as planned.

Forms of electromagnetic radiation like radio waves, light waves or infrared (heat) waves

make characteristic patterns as they travel through space. Each wave has a certain shape and length.

The distance between peaks (high points) is called wavelength. Light exhibits certain behaviors

that are characteristic of any wave and would be difficult to explain with a purely particle-view.

Light reflects in the same manner that any wave would reflect. Light refracts in the same manner

that any wave would refract. Light diffracts in the same manner that any wave would diffract.
Light undergoes interference in the same manner that any wave would interfere. And light exhibits

the Doppler effect just as any wave would exhibit the Doppler effect. Light behaves in a way that

is consistent with our conceptual and mathematical understanding of waves.

In this study, Enhancement of Mosquito Trapping Efficiency by using Pulse Width

Modulated Light Emitting Diodes, light-driving bug zapper is presented for well controlling the

diseases brought by insects, such as mosquitoes. In order to have the device efficient to trap the

insect pests in off-grid areas, pulse width modulated light emitting diodes (PWM-LED) combined

with a solar power module are proposed and implemented. With specific PWM electric signals to

drive the LED, it is found that no matter what the ability of catching insects or the consumed power

efficiency can be enhanced thus. It is demonstrated that 40% of the UV LED consumed power and

25.9% of the total load power consumption can be saved, and the trapped mosquitoes are about

250% increased when the PWM method is applied in the bug zapper experiments.

The benefit of this study is that it will help small and large businesses with regards to

shrimp agriculture also will solve some flaws in current used methods in attracting or harvesting

shrimp. This study will also help fishermen to capture and harvest shrimps more efficiently and to

increase their harvest more than other used techniques. This will help fishing corporations to

understand shrimps more than before and to encourage every fishermen that harvests shrimps to

use this kind of technique too.

Research Questions

1. Which wavelength is the most efficient in attracting Whiteleg Shrimp(Litopenaeus

vannamei)?

2. Which wavelength of a light bulb is the most efficient in attracting Whiteleg

Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)?

3. Which color is the most efficient in attracting Whiteleg Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

against white light?

Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant relationship between the Whiteleg Shrimp(Litopenaeus

vannamei) and the different wavelengths of light

Alternative Hypothesis: There is a significant relationship between the Whiteleg

Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) and the different wavelengths of light

Expected Outcome

The researchers expect that the different wavelength of light will be able to attract

Whiteleg Shrimp(Litopenaues vannamei). The researchers expect the red bulb to be the most

effective in attracting the Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaues vanamei) because it has a wavelength
of 620-750nm. for the experiment to be a success and to determine the most efficient wavelength

in attracting Whiteleg Shrimp(Litopenaues vannamei).

Flow Chart

Collection of materials

Construction of the trap

Experimentation

Data collection
Procedure

Materials

An aquarium will be acquired from Bioresearch in SM North Edsa. This will cost about a

thousand to two thousand pesos. Different colors of bulbs will be bought from Ace Hardware

Store. A red, yellow, blue, and white bulb will be bought as well as an ultraviolet light bulb. The

Whiteleg Shrimps (Litopenaeus vanameii) will be gathered live from Farmers Market. A

kilogram of Whiteleg Shrimps (Litopenaeus vanameii) would cost about five hundred to six

hundred pesos. The shrimps will then be taken to be authenticated at the National museum in

Manila.

Preparation of materials

The aquarium will be washed thoroughly. The experiment will be conducted in a dark

environment. The shrimps will be placed in freshwater for it to remain alive.

Construction of the trap

The trap is going to be built with a bulb holder. It will consist of a net attached about 3cm deep

submerged into the surface of the water in the aquarium. Above the aquarium will be the bulb

holder for the LED bulbs with different wavelengths.

Conducting the experiment

 The trap is going to be placed in a dark area. The researchers are going to test 5 types of

wavelengths using LED bulbs put into the trap's bulb holder one at a time to know which will

attract the most number of shrimps.

The time duration of the experiment is going to be atleast 60 minutes. The results and statistical

data are then going to be recorded.

Risk and safety

This study will use different and appropriate laboratory techniques and adequate sample

sizes. These methods may pose safety problems. This includes the lack experience of the field

team. In order to complete and perform this study, the researchers may be supervised by

professionals that have experiences in this field. Another risk that the researchers may encounter

is the inaccurate/ incomplete data.

In order to minimize the risk in this study, regularly monitor and review all the

procedures. Do simplification of study designs and procedures, and early notification of study

personnel to ensure adequate training. There must be adequate resources available for data

collection, entering and analysis. Methods in data monitoring/ verification and quality assurance

must be employed. Possible standardized operating procedures to reduce efficiencies and

duplication of process.

Data Analysis

The research mainly focuses in the attraction of Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus

vannameii) to different wavelengths of light. The research design that will be used is the one-

way ANOVA . It will test the efficiency of the different wavelengths of light including white

light to the attraction of Whiteleg shrimp(Litopenaeus vannameii).