THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A CHEMICAL

PROPERTY AND A PHYSICAL PROPERTY?

A chemical property and a physical property

are related to chemical and physical changes of
matter.
A physical property is an aspect of
matter that can be observed or measured
without changing it. Examples of physical
properties include color, molecular weight and
volume.
A chemical property may only be
observed by changing the chemical identity of a
substance.
This property measures the potential for
undergoing a chemical change. Examples of
chemical properties include reactivity,
flammability and oxidation states.
 Difference Between Physical
And Chemical Properties

Substances have properties and characteristics by

which we can identify and thus classify them. Two of the
broad classifications of these would include the chemical
and physical properties of a particular substance.

Physical properties can be observed or measured

without changing the composition of matter. Physical
properties are used to observe and describe matter.

Chemical properties are only observed during a

chemical reaction and thus changing the substance's
chemical composition.

Perhaps the best way to distinguish between the two

is by examples. Examples of physical properties would
include freezing, melting, and boiling points, density,
mass, and volume. Examples of chemical properties
include heat of combustion, reactivity with other
chemicals, flammability, and types of bonds that will form.
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
 All substances have properties that we can
use to identify them. For example we can
identify a person by their face, their voice,
height, finger prints, DNA etc.. The more of
these properties that we can identify, the better
we know the person. In a similar way matter has
properties - and there are many of them. There
are two basic types of properties that we can
associate with matter. These properties are
called Physical properties
and Chemical properties:

Physical Properties that do

properties:not change the
chemical nature of
matter
Chemical Properties that do
properties:change the
chemical nature of
matter
 Examples of physical
properties are: color, smell, freezing
point, boiling point, melting point, infra-red
spectrum, attraction (paramagnetic) or repulsion
(diamagnetic) to magnets, opacity, viscosity and
density. There are many more examples. Note that
measuring each of these properties will not alter the
basic nature of the substance.

Examples of chemical
properties are: heat of combustion,
reactivity with water, PH, and electromotive force.
The more properties we can identify for a
substance, the better we know the nature of that
substance. These properties can then help us model
the substance and thus understand how this
substance will behave under various conditions.
 GURO
NI: Mark Otiong

Salamat aking guro

Na saakin ay nagturo
Kahit sa murang edad
Hinasa ang aking abilidad

Ikaw ay nagsakripisyo at nagpakasakit

Ngunit hindi ka kailanman nanghingi ng
kapalit
Dahil ang gusto mo lang ay ang makabubuti
Simula pa lamang noong kami ay mga batang
munti

Kaya di kita malilimutan

At mga alaala mo’y aking iingatan
Upang ang mga itinuro mo’y aking magamit
At pangarap ko ay makamit
 Physical and Chemical
Properties of Matter
Properties of matter can be classified as either extensive or
intensive and as either physical or chemical. Extensive properties,
such as mass and volume, depend on the amount of
matter that is being measured. Intensive properties, such
as density and color, do not depend on the amount of
matter. Both extensive and intensive properties are
physical properties, which means they can be measured
without changing the substance’s chemical identity. For
example, the freezing point of a substance is a physical
property: when water freezes, it’s still water (H O)—it’s just
2

in a different physical state.

Physical Properties
Physical properties are properties that can be
measured or observed without changing the chemical
nature of the substance Any characteristic that can be
determined without changing the substance’s chemical identity..
Some examples of physical properties are:
 color (intensive)
 density (intensive)

 volume (extensive)

 mass (extensive)

 boiling point (intensive): the temperature at which a

substance boils
 melting point (intensive): the temperature at which a

substance melts
Chemical Properties
Remember, the definition of a chemical property
is that measuring that property must lead to a
change in the substance’s chemical structure. Any
characteristic that can be determined only by changing a
substance’s molecular structure. Here are several
examples of chemical properties:

 Heat of combustion is the energy released when

a compound undergoes complete combustion
(burning) with oxygen. The symbol for the heat
of combustion is ΔH . c

 Chemical stability refers to whether a compound

will react with water or air (chemically stable

substances will not react). Hydrolysis and
oxidation are two such reactions and are both
chemical changes.
 Flammability refers to whether a compound will

burn when exposed to flame. Again, burning is

a chemical reaction—commonly a high-
temperature reaction in the presence of
oxygen.
 The preferred oxidation state is the lowest-

energy oxidation state that a metal will undergo

reactions in order to achieve (if another
element is present to accept or donate
electrons).
 Physical Properties
Examples of Physical property:
 A Physical Property is a characteristic of a substance
that can be observed or measured without changing the
substance’s composition while Chemical Property is a
property of matter that describes a substances ability to
participate in chemical reactions

Chemical Properties
Examples of Chemical Property:
1Observations and formation of the topic: Consists of the subject area of one's interest and following
that subject area to conduct subject related research. The subject area should not be randomly chosen
since it requires reading a vast amount of literature on the topic to determine the gap in the literature
the researcher intends to narrow. A keen interest in the chosen subject area is advisable. The research
will have to be justified by linking its importance to already existing knowledge about the topic.

Construct a Hypothesis: A hypothesis is an educated guess about how things work. It is an attempt to answer your question
with an explanation that can be tested. A good hypothesis allows you to then make a prediction:
"If _____[I do this] _____, then _____[this]_____ will happen."
State both your hypothesis and the resulting prediction you will be testing. Predictions must be easy to measure.
Designing the Experiment
This stage of the scientific
Before you ever step into the field to collect data, it's important to design just the right instrument that will
answer your research questions and provide the information you need to move forward.

method involves designing the steps that will test and evaluate the hypothesis, manipulating one or
more variables to generate analyzable data.
The experiment should be designed with later statistical tests in mind, by making sure that the
experiment has controls and a large enough sample group to provide statistically valid results.
Starting Instruments from Scratch If you plan to develop your own instruments or adapt
existing tools, explore these resources on instrument design, types of questions, and
sequencing first so you end up with the data that will answer your evaluation questions.

Data recording and sharing

Scientists typically are careful in recording their data, a requirement promoted by Ludwik Fleck (1896–
1961) and others.[44] Though not typically required, they might be requested to supply this data to other
scientists who wish to replicate their original results (or parts of their original results), extending to the
sharing of any experimental samples that may be difficult to obtain.[45]

Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion: Once your experiment is complete, you collect your measurements and analyze
them to see if they support your hypothesis or not.
Scientists often find that their predictions were not accurate and their hypothesis was not supported, and in such cases they
will communicate the results of their experiment and then go back and construct a new hypothesis and prediction based on the
information they learned during their experiment. This starts much of the process of the scientific method over again. Even if
they find that their hypothesis was supported, they may want to test it again in a new way.
6. Implications, Conclusions and Recommendations
While your data analysis will need to analyze every questions asked, discussing such things as
statistical significance and correlations, when you are ready to draw conclusions, you will have to
determine what the main findings of your report really are. Not everything is worthy of being re-
discussed when drawing conclusions. It is quite likely that the reader or readers of the final report
have not spent much time thinking about the research, but want to understand quickly without having
to read every last bit of analysis and data manipulation.
Communicate Your Results: To complete your science fair project you will communicate your results to others in a final report
and/or a display board. Professional scientists do almost exactly the same thing by publishing their final report in a scientific
journal or by presenting their results on a poster or during a talk at a scientific meeting. In a science fair, judges are interested
in your findings regardless of whether or not they support your original hypothesis.