Resolución de Ecuaciones por Matriz Inversa

Ax = b
x = A-1b
1
𝐴−1 = (𝐴 ∗)𝑡
|𝐴|

3x1 + 2x2 –x3 = 4

x1 -2x2 + 2x3 = 3
2x1 + x2 -2x3 = -2

3 2 −1 = 4
1 −2 2 = 3
2 1 −2 = −2

4
𝑏= 3
−2
3 2 −1
𝐴= [1 −2 2]
2 1 −2

|A| = Determinante de A

3 2 −1 3 2
|𝐴| = 1 −2 2 1 −2
2 1 −2 2 1

|A| = 12 + 8 – 1 + 4 – 6 – 4 = 13

A* = Adjunta de A
−2 2 1 2 1
−2
[ ] −[ ] [ ]
1 −2 2 −2 21 2 6 5
2 −1 3 −1 3 2
𝐴∗ −[ ] [ ] −[ ] = [3 −4 1]
1 −2 2 −2 2 1
2 −1 3 −1 3 2 2 −7 −8
[ [−2 2 ] − [1 2 ] [ ]
1 −2 ]

(A*)t = Transpuesta de A*

2 3 2
(𝐴∗ )𝑡 = [6 −4 −7]
5 1 −8
1
𝐴−1 = |𝐴| (𝐴∗ )𝑡 = Inversa de A

2 3 2
13 13 13
1 2 3 2 6 −4 −7
𝐴−1 = [6 −4 −7] =
13 13 13 13
5 1 −8
5 1 −8
[13 13 13 ]
x = A-1b
2 3 2
13 13 13
6 −4 −7 4 1
[3] = [2]
13 13 13 −2 3
5 1 −8
[13 13 13 ]

x1=(2/13)(4)+(3/13)(3)+(2/13)(-2) = 1
x2=(6/13)(4)+(-4/13)(3)+(-7/13)(-2) = 2
x3=(5/13)(4)+(1/13)(3)+(-8/13)(-2) = 3