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4 DDL :- as the name suggests , it allow you to perform tasks related to data
definition. That is through these commands we can perform task like create ,alter
and drop objects. Grant and revoke privileges etc.
5 DML : as the name suggests, are used to manipulate data . That is Dml commands
query and manipulate data in existing objects.
6 Limits of MySQL :-
• The maximum number of tables that can be referenced in single join is 61.
• The number of tables that can be referenced in the definition of a view is
61.
• There is a hard limit of 4096 columns per table.
• Every table has a maximum row size of 65535 bytes.
7 What is transaction
Ans :- A transaction in MY SQL is a larger unit of database processing that contains one
or more database access operations like insertion ,deletion, retrieval and modification
operations.
These transaction are required to fulfill certain characteristics and they are :
Explicit are those that need to be specified like : commit and roll-back
Commit transaction signals that the transaction was successfully executed and the
changes/ updates (if any) made by the transaction have been committed to the database
and these changes cannot be undone.
Roll-back signals that the transaction was not successfully executed , and the
changes/updates made by the transaction have to be undone.
Implicit transactions are those that mark beginning and end of the transaction, each
statement like update, delete , insert run within these implicit transactions.,However, you
can explicitly specify the beginning and ending of the transaction by "begin transaction"
and "end transaction" statements respectively. All the statements within these two
boundaries will be marked as one transaction
8. Save Point :- Save point are special operations that allow you to divide the work of a
transaction into different segments. In case of a failure , we can execute rollbacks to the
savepoint only.
9. Set autocommit :- it means if we do not start transaction explicitly through a BEGIN or
START TRANSACTION command then every statement is considered one transaction
and is commited there and then . By default , My Sql has autocommit on.