1.

MICRO OVEN
OPERATIOn

Open the Oven door, place the reaction vessel on the turn
table in the oven, and close the oven door.
Set the power selector {1} to the desired power level.
there are five power levels from 90 watts to 600max.
Set the timer {2} to the desired time.
Precautions
Each number on the scale represents one minute. to
ensure accurate timing, it is advisable to turn the timer
knob slightly past the desired cooking time and then
back to the proposed setting.
Press the door opener to check the reaction
condition during oven operation.
Opening the door during running automatically
turns off the oven and stops the timer.
If the reaction is to continue, close the door – the oven
will turn on and the timer will resume counting.
The turntable may rotate in either direction.
CLEANING: Be sure the oven is turned off before
cleaning.
 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
LAB STIRRER
1) PROCEDURE
2) OPERATION
 Place the beaker or vessel containing the media which is to
be stirred inside the U/A stand and immerse the stirring
shaft into the required level.
 This can be arranged by adjusting the elbow on the vertical
support rod the level of stirring propeller also could be
determined after doing some experiment on the media
which is to be stirred.
 The propeller or the stirring shaft is twisted to certain angle
and further stirring may be done after doing the
experiments by the actual user.
 Now the stirrer may be regulated slowly by means of the
speed regulator.
 Depending on the stirring load, some times motor may not
start rotating at low speed position of speed of regulator
position half way, allow the speed to pick-up and then
gradually reduce it to the required lower speed.
3) CLEANING
4) The calibration done by external agency
5) References: Operational manual
 Operation and Cleaning of COLORIMETER
 OPERATION :
 Connect the instrument to 230.V.single phase, 3pin
power socket and switch on the instrument.
 Select proper wave length.
 Take distilled water/blank solution in the test tube
provided with the instrument to ¾ th of its capacity.
 Insert this tube in the sample holder such that the
vertical mark on it coincides with that of sample
holder.
 Now fill ¾ th of another test tube with the standard
solution, whose concentration “C” is known and note
Optical Density .let it be S.
 Repeat step 4.5 with the unknown test solution, and
note the O.D as T.
 The concentration of unknown Test solution ,U is
C = O.D Test * C
O.D Standard
 Beer”s law is applicable only to dilute solutions and
O.D is a logarithmic quantity. So best results are
obtained when the O.D values are restricted below 0.5
O.D.
Operation and Cleaning of DONA BALANCE

1) OPERATION :
 Turn net weight application to “0” position with the help of
the round operating knobs provided right and left side of
the balance.
 Checking of zero adjustment: Move the operating knob
to anti-clock wise and observe its rest point. The “0” of the
moving scale should coincide with the black indicator of
the front screen. If there is difference of more than 2
division in the moving scale it should be adjusted by
moving of zero adjustment nut clock or anti clockwise,
fitted horizontally the middle of the beam. The small
difference of “0”can be adjusted by zero adjusting the knob
provided at the right hand back side of the balance.
 Checking of sensitivity of the balance: After making the
balance zero, put 1gm on the pan and release. It should
show 100 of the moving scale. If it shows100 div. of the
moving scale by 1gm it means the sensitivity of the
balance is correct. If there is any difference that means it
required adjustment .The sensitivity can be adjusted by
raising or lowering of the gravity bob which is vertically
attached at the middle of the beam. After adjustment of
sensitivity check zero once again.
 Note: It is necessary to check the sensitivity at least once
in a six month.
 How to weigh: After zero sensitivity adjustment, put your
subject on the pan and move the operating knob to
clockwise (i.e. half release) and move the weight
application knobs until the moving scale stops with in 0 to
100.after stopping it within scale, make the balance rest
 and move the operating knob anti-clockwise (i.e. full
release).the final weight of the sample is obtain when the
black indicator mark coincide on any particular number on
the optical scale. If the black indicator stands in between
any two numbers of the optical scale then move the
micrometer knob (digital knob) anti-clockwise. Then the
optical scale will coincide towards the next lower weight
then stop to move digital knob and this will be the final
weight of your sample.
 Main scale gives 1st & 2nd and micrometer gives 3rd & 4rt
decimal of gm.

 Instructions :
 Clean knife edges, planes weights and balance at least
twice in a week after removing the beam from the balance.
Care has to be taken while removing the beam from the
balance to avoid any damage to the knife edges. After
cleaning it, keep the beam at its original place and check
zero.
 Before using the balance please be sure about the leveling
of the balance other wise you will not get the proper result.
 Operation and Cleaning of MAGNETIC STIRRER

OPERATION :
 Place the glass beaker containing the solution to be stirred
on the top plat approximately in the centre and immerse
stirring paddle in to the solution connect the magnetic
stirrer to the supply. The pilot lamp is now illuminated. The
revolution of stirring paddle is slowly regulated from the
minimum up to the required speed by means of the step less
speed regulator.
 When thicker solution is stirred and speed is increased too
quickly it may occur that the stirring paddle cannot follow
the rotation of the magnet and consequently stops rotating.
In this case it is necessary to stop the stirring operation and
to start again beginning with the lowest speed.
 Sometimes magnetic field on the motor itself may not-start
rotating at the lowest speed position of the speed regulator.
But it can only start rotating beyond half the position of the
speed regulator. In this case it is necessary to stop the
stirring operation and to start again beginning with the
lowest speed.
 Sometimes magnetic field on the motor itself may not-start
rotating at the lowest speed position of the speed regulator.
but it can only start position half the way and first allow
magnet to take speed, then gradually reduce it to the lower
speed.
 High/low switch is incorporated at the side of the stirrer to
obtain as and when required the minimum stirring speed to
the quality and viscosity of the liquid.
  For the low stirring speed, set the switch to the “L” position
and for the high stirring speed set the switch to “H”
position.
Warning:
 Always ensure that the speed and heat control knobs are set
to the “O” position and the corresponding switches are in
off position BEFORE the magnetic stirrer is connected to
the power supply. Place the magnetic stirrer on a rigid level
table or bench which is free from vibration. Connect the
magnetic stirrer to 230 volts A.C. mains having proper
earthing.