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INTRODUCTION
Dust collection is the process of removing or collecting solid particles from airflow to
comply with stringent air pollution standards. Large filters trap airborne particles before
they are released into the outside air. Bag Type collectors are one of the most common
air pollution control technologies that removes particulate matter from the air waste
stream being emitted from a broad range of industrial processes. The particulate-laden
air stream passes through a woven or felted fabric that filters out the particulate matter
and allows the air to pass through.
Bags in collectors are considered combustible when cotton, wool, nylon, polypropylene,
or acrylic materials are used. Non-combustible bags consist of Nomex, Teflon, or
fiberglass materials. Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems are implemented when lower
temperature collectors are filtering combustible dusts and utilizing combustible bags.
Bag fires generate from normal manufacturing process sparks or embers being drawn
into the collector and attaching to the bags. Collector maintenance and repairs have also
lead to a fire condition.
Dust Collectors are also susceptible to explosions. Explosion Venting, Isolation and
Suppression are also protection strategies that can be implemented. A carbon dioxide
system will not prevent explosions in Dust Collector systems. NFPA 68 focuses on
Venting Systems and NFPA 69 on Explosion Suppression and Isolation Systems. These
standards should be referred to when employing explosion protection.
Automatic sprinkler protection will protect the Collector framework, but may not prevent
loss of the bags, which can be a costly replacement. Sprinkler systems do not provide
three-dimensional fire fighting characteristics, making them ineffective. Another
drawback associated with sprinkler systems is if the water discharge continues for an
extended period of time, damage to the Collector framework is likely due to excessive
weight from the water.
Rate-compensated heat detectors, installed in the ductwork and at the top of the
collector, are recommended to detect a fire and release the carbon dioxide system.
High-speed infrared detectors are also an adequate means of detection. Detectors are to
be installed between the process and the collector and be interlocked to actuate a
carbon dioxide system in the duct or in the collector. The detection system should also
shut down the rotary if one is present. This will prevent transferring burning material out
of the collector.
This carbon dioxide design guide will be a deep seated fire hazard protecting a
Baghouse type Dust Collector with no leakage or ventilation compensation. The
following design parameters have been taken into consideration to determine the
amount of agent, flow rate, quantity of nozzles, and ultimately a Buckeye CO2 parts list.
Example:
1) Dust Collector with combustible filter bags
2) Ventilation system to shutdown upon discharge
3) All leakage areas sealed
4) Hazard Size: 14 ft. (4.3 m) long x 6 ft. (1.8 m) wide x 18 ft. (5.5 m) high
NOTE: For Deep-Seated hazards requiring a 75% concentration, the flow rate required
to discharge within seven (7) minutes is greater than the 30% requirement stated
above, and must be used.
A single nozzle of either type will deliver the flow rate required for this example, but
multiple nozzles should be provided to ensure complete coverage around the bag filters.
For this example, a minimum of two nozzles should be used.
If total air shutdown is not possible and dampers are installed, air pressure from the
fans will allow leakage through the ductwork, assuming the dampers will not be entirely
effective. Additional carbon dioxide gas will be required to compensate for a non-static
flooding condition. When this particular condition appears with your application, Buckeye
Fire Equipment should be consulted to provide assistance in designing the Carbon
Dioxide system.
Fire Extinguishers – Buckeye offers a full line of fire extinguishers. Buckeye offers,
water, dry chemical, Carbon Dioxide and clean agent fire extinguishers. Buckeye’s clean
agent extinguisher utilizes Halotron and is offered in sizes up to a 2A 10BC rating.
Fire Detection Systems – Buckeye offers detection products from single hazard to
multi hazard systems. These controls are suited for fire alarm, agent suppression
systems, or sprinkler/pre-action fire detection and control systems.
HFC-227ea
Carbon Dioxide
Foam
Buckeye Fire Equipment
110 Kings Road • Kings Mountain, NC 28086
Phone: 704-739-7415 • Fax 704-739-7418 • www.buckeyef.com