“The Level of Awareness of the Grade 9 Students towards the Library Resources and

Services of Holy Cross of Agdao”

______________________________________________

A Thesis

Presented to the Senior High School Faculty

Of Holy Cross of agdao

______________________________________________

In the Fulfillment

Of the Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 1

_______________________________________________

By:

Abao, Steven John

Baguio, April

Garcia, Lloyd

Panerio, Vincent Gabriel

Rosales, Twettie Cindy

 Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

The Problem and its Scope

Rationale of the Study

Statement of the Research Problem

Review of Related Literature

Theoretical Framework

Conceptual Framework
 CHAPTER 1

The Problem and its Scope

Library is a collection of sources of information and resources that is

made accessible for all for the purpose of reference and borrowing. A library provides a

book, or a digital form of material that is accessible for the borrowers and are also used

for reference and sources. Libraries are used to gather and search for information which

will be used for answering homework or assignments, a reference for a project and the

likes.

Libraries provide different services and resources for the people,

especially the borrowers and bookworms, these include: database, books, eBooks,

Journals, Newspapers, Filipiniana, circulations, fiction books, reference books such as

World Atlas, Encyclopedia, Dictionaries, Directories, Thesaurus, or any other work

designed to be used in finding specific items of information. In connection with the rise

of technology in this generation, libraries also make use of the internet as one of the

services and resources for the borrowers, letting the people to access some reference

and information easily with the use of the internet.

 In India, particularly in Osmania University, S. Ranganadham concluded that

the level of awareness and use of library information resources and services in the

university that 27% of the respondents of Ranganadham’s study opined that e-

resources or electronic resources are more convenient than the printed or traditional

resources for the use of the respondents. The respondents used the reason of “easy to

use” and “time saving” in choosing the electronic resources from the printed resources

showing that the students tend to use the internet rather than the traditional way itself

which allows the students to use the easier access than the traditional ones. This study

also showed the prevalent awareness that the students have for the electronic

resources and electronic books rather than the printed formats and traditional books.

The study shows how the digital age have already shaped the culture of the

students, and the library is definitely not an exception to that changes. The study

showed the prevalence and rise of internet and digital media in the world of library and

traditional books which affects the awareness of the new generation to the use and

accessibility of the libraries.

In Iligan City, particularly at the Iligan City Public Library, some residents are

unaware of the existence of the public library, which includes its services and resources.

More than 30 people that were a part of the study were unaware with the existence of

the library because the residents thought that it is only available for the nearby public
school. Some residents do not know what a library is and some of the residents never

heard about having a public library in the city.

The level of unawareness about the library extends to the lack of grasp about

its services and the ways of using and accessing the library. Some residents in Iligan

City might know about the library but there are still portion of the residents, who do not

know about the existence of the public library.

In Davao, particularly in Holy Cross of Agdao, students tend to use the library

on other purposes such as to sleep or to rest, or even just to talk with some other

students. The students are also unaware about the different services that the library is

offering, such as the use of internet, borrowing of books, and the likes. Some students

do not know how to borrow books, because the students barely go and visit the library.

Students, particularly the Grade 9, have lost much of sensitivity, awareness and

knowledge about the offerings of the library, it is observed that there are only few

students who visit and use the different resources and services of the library. Some go

and visit the library when is asked to do so, like when their teachers ask them to go to

the library to search and find information, and worse, the students do not even know

how to find a concise and correct information in the library, instead the students use

the internet and search for information, so that it will be easier for the students to find

information, thus showing the lack of knowledge about accessing the library,

particularly the books.

 Rationale of the Study

Library is an effective help for the people who wants to gather and collect

data and information, it is used in making assignments or homework, used as a medium

to find for references in making a project or an academic papers, and this clearly

applies to the students. The students have a big part in the circulation and process

within the library, as it shows that the students are the predominant users of the

library, due to school or study purposes. However, with the rise of the modern

technology, the students have somewhat forgot to access the library, instead the

students put much of their time in using the internet, particularly the social media,

which definitely affect their awareness towards the library, its services and resources.

Being aware about the library, specially its services and resources is a big

help for all, specially the students because it makes them go and use these resources

and services more convenient and concise, thus making them a literate in the use of the

library as a whole. Libraries are important in a student’s life, more particularly in the

student’s education and study life, because library serves as a guide and help for them,

it also serves as a improvised and concrete search engine for the students.

Awareness towards library should be existing among all of the students,

because it provides a flexible space with a wide and inclusive range of resources and
services to support learning and teaching throughout the school for the welfare and

good of all, especially the students.

This study about the awareness towards the library resources and library

services aims to help the students improve their knowledge about the library as a whole

and its specifications. This study was made, not just to measure their grasp about the

library and its services and resources, but also it was made for the welfare of the

students when it comes to making use of the available resources for their studies.

This study aims to achieve and evaluate the following: measure the level of

awareness of the Grade Nine students towards the library services and library resources

of the Holy Cross of Agdao, identify and distinguish the different instances and

situations wherein the respondents effectively use the library, its resources and

services.

This study will be beneficial to the school administration, students, teachers

and also the future researchers. This study will be a tool for the school administration,

students, teachers and the future researchers in identifying the different library

resources and services that will allow the school administration, students, and teachers

to effectively access the library; its resources and services. It will also allow the future

researchers to have a reference and sources in making the research in the future.

This study is limited to the Grade 9 Students of Holy Cross of Agdao as the

researchers will evaluate the level of awareness of the students towards the library

services and resources. The researchers picked the Grade 9 level due to their long time
exposure and grasp about the library in Holy Cross of Agdao, and the researches would

like to assess the level of familiarity and awareness of the students towards the services

and resources of the library.

As per the capacity of the researchers, this study will only tackle and

discuss the level of awareness of the students, particularly the Grade Nine students

towards the Library Resource and Services, and will not further touch other possible

topics regarding library.

The researchers are confident that this study will be beneficial for the

students that this study will come up with a great concept of improving the library of

the school to further give pertinent knowledge for them in the proper use of the library.

The researchers are also passionate in doing the study, not just for the welfare of the

school and the library, but also for the students, teachers, and administration and the

staff.
 Statement of the Research Problem

This study aims to discuss, analyze and evaluate the Level of Awareness of

the Grade 9 Students towards Library Resources and Services of Holy Cross of Agdao.

This study also aims to further answer the following questions:

• What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

• Age; and,

• Gender?

• What is the level of awareness of the respondents towards the library services of

Holy Cross of Agdao?

• What is the level of awareness of the respondents towards library resources of Holy

Cross of Agdao?

• What are the instances or situations wherein respondents use the library?
 Review of Related Literature

Review of Related Literature

According to the New Zealand National Library, a school library is a central

hub that supports every student and its staff member. The library combines several

elements, which is the library staff, resources, and space. Each of these plays an

important part in supporting teaching and learning. School libraries are the most

effective when these elements combine to form an integrated whole. School libraries

are important mainly for the students because it helps them obtain knowledge, collect

data, gather information and also to be entertained by reading the books and other

resources available in the library. These resources and services that the school libraries

offer should benefit each and every student in the school as it is the provider of

knowledge for them. An effective library: improves student outcomes, welcomes all

kinds of people, brings people and information together, embodies the principles of

‘learner agency’ which allows the students to choose their own reading material and

find resources that would help them develop their skills, interest and strengths.

Public libraries are a world-wide phenomenon. They occur in a variety of

societies, in differing cultures and at different stages of development. Although the

varied contexts in which it operates inevitably result in differences in the services it

provide, and the way the services are delivered, public libraries normally have

characteristics in common, which can be defined as follows. Libraries have different

services and resources that it provides, though it is really broad, its similarities are the

same resources and information that these libraries are offering for the people,

Munchen (2001).

The primary purposes of the library are to provide resources and services in

a variety of media to meet the needs of individuals and groups for education,

information and personal development including recreation and leisure. They have an

important role in the development and maintenance of a democratic society by giving

the individual access to a wide and varied range of knowledge, ideas and opinions.

Libraries are made open and accessible to all people in order to gain information and

knowledge about different things and disciplines, and libraries suffice the needs of the

people in obtaining knowledge and information which later on applies in the students,

Munchen (2001).

A human is entitled to access certain information whether digitally or

through libraries, and as the time goes by, many information are being established for

the people to make use of. These information were made for the people to use and

make use of. It is a basic human right to be able to have access to and an

understanding of information, and there is now more information available than ever

before in the world’s history, Gill (2001).

Everyone can access the library, it is because everyone are entitled in

accessing the facility regardless of their status. No one is excluded or exempted in

enjoying the offerings and services of the facility. A fundamental principle of the public
library is that its services must be available to all and not directed to one group in the

community to the exclusion of others , Munchen (2001).

Libraries have been around for a very long time and are traditionally seen

as collections of information and services. Libraries provide different resources and

services that people benefit from. Libraries have always played a significant role,

enabling people to engage with all kinds of information and knowledge resources.

Libraries have always served a certain role in a human's life, particularly enabling

people to access different information and resources for their own welfare and benefit,

depending on their purposes of obtaining those informations and resources, (Curran et

al., 2006).

According to Schvaneveldt (2011), Libraries are still vaults of information

and avenues of discovery, but it is also becoming community centers where kids can

gather after school to do homework and play video games, where people who no longer

subscribe to the newspaper can read the news, where students can study, where the

infinite learning opportunities of the Internet are available to whomever asks. Libraries

are important because it remind us about who we were - with archives and reference

materials - and help us become who we will be. Libraries are so much more than a

place to read, it is a place to grow and discover. As more libraries delve into loaning out

e-readers or electronic readers, it becomes more apparent that their goal of keeping the

public informed is still relevant, even if it has to go without books. Programming

teaching users new software, new skills, and helping people start businesses and find

jobs makes them relevant. Even non-scholarly uses of the library serve an important
purpose: recreation (through borrowing movies, fiction to read for fun, or computer

games) helps us relax, which is always necessary.

To fulfil its roles satisfactorily the library must have adequate resources,

not just when it is established but also on a continuing basis, to enable it to sustain and

develop services that meet the needs of the local community. This means it should

provide materials in all formats, up-dated regularly to meet the changing needs of

groups and individuals, including newly-published and replacement materials, Gill

(2001).

Review of Related Studies

How to use the library?

Sloan (1992), Libraries should inform their users of what materials are

available in their collections and how to access that information. Before the computer

age, this was accomplished by the card catalogue—a cabinet (or multiple cabinets)

containing many drawers filled with index cards that identified books and other

materials. In a large library, the card catalogue often filled a large room. The

emergence of the Internet, however, has led to the adoption of electronic catalogue

databases (often referred to as "web cats" or as online public access catalogues,

OPACs), which allow users to search the library's holdings from any location with

Internet access.

The rise of digital library

According to Rachel Applegate (2008), In the 21st century, there has been

increasing use of the Internet to gather and retrieve data. The shift to digital libraries

has greatly impacted the way people use physical libraries.

A digital library is a special library which collects digital objects such as texts,

visual materials, audio materials, video materials, electronic resources, and electronic

formats. The digital library has also become the product of the digital age or the

modern technology era, which allows the users to conveniently use the library, Witten

(2014).

The rise of internet

According to Grossman (2009), A library can make use of the internet in

various ways, from creating their own library website to making the contents of the

books searchable in the internet. Some search engines such as Google Scholar offers a

way to facilitate searching for academic papers and resources such as journal articles,

research papers, and essays. The Online Computer Library Center allows all of the

people to search the world's largest repository of library records through its WorldCat

online database. Internet also lessens the hassle of borrowing physical books or printed

books that it uses different ways which includes the internet to ease the use of books.
Websites such as Library Thing and Amazon provide abstracts, reviews, and

recommendations of books.

Libraries also provide computers and internet access to allow the people to

search and find information online. In this way, people can gather information as

quickly as possible, because some users find it time-spending to search for physical

books and scan the books, instead the users search for answers in the internet, Mostafa

(2015).

Digitization of books, particularly those that are out-of-print, in projects such

as Google Books provides resources for library and other online users. Due to their

holdings of valuable material, some libraries are important partners for search engines

such as Google in realizing the potential of such projects and have received reciprocal

benefits in cases where they have negotiated effectively, Damton (2009).

As the prominence of and reliance on the Internet has grown, library services

have moved the emphasis from mainly providing print resources to providing more

computers and more Internet access. Libraries face a number of challenges in adapting

to new ways of information seeking that may stress convenience over quality, reducing

the priority of information literacy skills. The potential decline in library usage,

particularly reference services, puts the necessity for these services to decrease also,

Bell (2005).

According to Zickuhr et. al. (2013), the internet has already had a major

impact on how people find and access information, and now the rising popularity of e-
books is helping transform Americans’ reading habits. In this changing landscape, public

libraries are trying to adjust their services to these new realities while still serving the

needs of patrons who rely on more traditional resources. In a new survey of Americans’

attitudes and expectations for public libraries, the Pew Research Center’s Internet &

American Life Project finds that many library patrons are eager to see libraries’ digital

services expand, yet also feel that print books remain important in the digital age.

Academic Libraries

An academic library is a library that is attached to a higher education institution

which serves two complementary purposes to support the school's curriculum, and to

support the research of the university faculty and students, Curzon (2009).

According to St. George Library, Academic libraries offer workshops and

courses outside of formal, graded coursework, which are meant to provide students

with the tools necessary to succeed in their programs. These workshops may include

help with citations, effective search techniques, journal databases, and electronic

citation software. These workshops provide students with skills that can help them

achieve success in their academic careers (and often, in their future occupations),

which they may not learn inside the classroom.

Children Libraries

Children's libraries are special collections of books intended for juvenile

readers and usually kept in separate rooms of general public libraries. Some children's

libraries have entire floors or wings dedicated to them in bigger libraries while smaller
ones may have a separate room or area for children. They are an educational agency

seeking to acquaint the young with the world's literature and to cultivate a love for

reading. Their work supplements that of the public schools. Services commonly

provided by public libraries may include storytelling sessions for infants, toddlers,

preschool children, or after-school programs, all with an intention of developing early

literacy skills and a love of books. One of the most popular programs offered in public

libraries are summer reading programs for children, families, and adults, Udomisor

(2013).

National Libraries

A national or state library serves as a national repository of information, and

has the right of legal deposit, which is a legal requirement that publishers in the country

need to deposit a copy of each publication with the library. Unlike a public library, a

national library rarely allows citizens to borrow books. Often, their collections include

numerous rare, valuable, or significant works. There are wider definitions of a national

library, putting less emphasis on the repository character, Sonekkus (1997).

Public Libraries

A public library provides services to the general public. If the library is part of a

countywide library system, citizens with an active library card from around that county

can use the library branches associated with the library system. A library can serve only

their city, however, if they are not a member of the county public library system. Much

of the materials located within a public library are available for borrowing. The library
staff decides upon the number of items patrons are allowed to borrow, as well as the

details of borrowing time allotted. Typically, libraries issue library cards to community

members wishing to borrow books. Often visitors to a city are able to obtain a public

library card.

Reference Libraries

A reference library does not lend books and other items; instead, they must be

read at the library itself. Typically, such libraries are used for research purposes, for

example at a university. Some items at reference libraries may be historical and even

unique. Many lending libraries contain a "reference section", which holds books, such as

dictionaries, which are common reference books, and are therefore not lent out, George

Ehrenhaft, et.al. (2004)

Research Libraries

A research library is a collection of materials on one or more subjects. A

research library supports scholarly or scientific research and will generally include

primary as well as secondary sources; it will maintain permanent collections and

attempt to provide access to all necessary materials. A research library is most often an

academic or national library, but a large special library may have a research library

within its special field, and a very few of the largest public libraries also serve as

research libraries, Young (1983).

Special Libraries
 A special library is a library that provides specialized information resources on a

particular subject, serves a specialized and limited clientele, and delivers specialized

services to that clientele, Shumaker (2011).

Importance of information

According to Ranganadham (2012), The information plays an important role in

the digital environment. This has become possible because of the technological

advancements and development and the changing information needs of the users.

Technology has dominated all spheres of human activity and the libraries are not an

exception one. The libraries provide different information’s which suffices the needs of

the people when it comes to knowledge and extending the grasp of all. The importance

of information in the daily lives of the people depends on the availability of the

resources such as the library itself that is why the library is such an important facility

when it comes to gathering and collecting information.

Accessibility of the library

A study made by Rayanath (2009) states that a public library is a place that

is open to poor and rich alike. There are mainly two sections in a library, which is the

lending section and the reference section. Any member can borrow books from the

lending section. Nonmembers too can use the reference section. Nonmembers are

allowed to enter the section free of charge, can takedown notes from the books. In

addition to these two sections, there is another section in a library. Here any one can

do their studies under a calm and quiet environment. This section is called “The study
room”. Some students find it very difficult to do their studies at their homes due to

various reasons. This section is particularly useful for such students. Students can use

the library in various ways and purposes, such as searching for information, scanning

books, and obviously to read books. The students are also allowed to borrow books

because there are circumstances that students need a longer span of time scanning a

book or reading a book.

A school library should be complete in its materials, services and

resources that it provides and offers, and a library should be composed and be divided

into different sections. According to the Far Eastern University, libraries are divided into

different sections: Acquisition Section, Cataloging Section, Circulation Section,

Periodicals and Reference Section, Filipiniana Section, Archives Section, and Media

Services Section.
 Theoretical Framework

This theory is anchored with the theory of Thomas D. Wilson about Information Seeking

Behavior Theory (1981), Melvil Dewey’s theory about Book Selection (1999) and Walter

Johnson's theory about Customer Services Theory (2017).

Information Seeking Behavior Theory. Information Seeking Behavior Theory refers

to the way people search for and utilize information. The term was coined by Thomas

D. Wilson in his 1981 paper, on the grounds that the then current ‘information needs’

was unhelpful as a basis for a research agenda, since ‘need’ could not be directly

observed, while how people behaved in seeking information could be observed and

investigated. However, there is increasing work in the information searching field that is

relating behaviors to underlying needs.

Book Selection Theory. Book Selection Theory states: "The best reading for the

largest number at the least cost" According to this theory a library should select, within

the financial resources available, the best documents which may satisfy the information

needs of the maximum number of readers.

Customer Services Theory. The theory of customer service is based on identifying

and satisfying your customers' needs and exceeding their expectations. A company

must be totally committed to delivering consistently high standards of service to gain

and retain customer loyalty. Everyone from top management on down must be tuned

into what the customer wants. Creating a customer service culture within a company
can help build success. Customer satisfaction and loyalty are inextricably linked to the

quality of customer service and, ultimately, to the company’s profitability.

 Conceptual Framework

The Level of Awareness of The instances or situations

the Grade Nine Students wherein the respondents

toward Library Resources use the library

and Services

Repondents:

The Grade 9
Students

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

Figure 1 shows the independent variable of the study which is the level

of awareness of the Grade 9 Students towards library services and resources in Holy

Cross Agdao. The dependent variable of the study which is the instances or situations

wherein the respondents will use the library and with the respondents which is the

Grade 9 Students.
 Chapter 2

Method

This section presents the methods used in the conduct of the study. In

involved the research design, research environment, respondents of the study, research

instruments, data-gathering procedure and data analysis.

Research Design

This study employed descriptive-evaluative approach using researchers’ made

survey questionnaires and was validated by the members of their panel.

Types of Respondents Tools to Techniques Output of

Data gather data for the Study

Analyzing

Data

 Profile of Grade 9 Survey Frequency

the
Students of Questionnaire Count
responder
the School Basis for
s in terms
of age Year 2017- identifying
and
2018 the Level
gender
of
 Level of
Awarenes Percentage Awareness
s towards
of the
Library
Grade 9
Resource
s and Students
Services
toward
 Instances
Library
or
Situations Weighted Resources
wherein
Mean and
the
Services
responde
nts use
the
library
Research Environment

The study was conducted in Holy Cross of Agdao, a private co-

educational catholic school located at R. Castillo St., San Antonio, Agdao, Davao City,

Philippines. The researchers found that the school has a problem in awareness towards

library resources and services which the researchers will study about.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study were the Grade Nine students who are

enrolled in the school year 2017-2018 of the Holy Cross of Agdao. Moreover, the

respondents are both male and female and are coming from different social strata and

family background consisting of 100 in total number. 50 male and 50 female

respondents.

Research Instruments

The instruments used in this research were survey questionnaires

modified by the researchers. It was prepared using the English Language. The

statements used in the survey came from readings and sample researchers as for the

level of awareness of the respondents towards Library Resources and Library Services.

The first part of the questionnaire was formulated for the profile of the

respondents in terms of age and gender to determine the level of awareness towards
Library Resources and Services of Holy Cross of Agdao. On the other hand, the second

part deals with the different instances and situations wherein the respondents use the

library.

The research instrument was validated by Ms. Marilyn J. Dumapias, a

Graduate school faculty member of Holy Cross of Agdao

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers were guided by the following procedure throughout the

pursuit of the study

Data Analysis

In the analysis of the data, the following statistical tools were ised:

frequency count, Percentage and weighted mean.

Frequency Count and Percentage was used in question number 1 of the

statement of the problem to determine the profile of the respondents.

The level of awareness of the students towards library resources and

services was measured through weighted mean and was scaled as follows:
Rating Description Interpretation

The students are “aware”

with the Library Resources

4.5-5.0 Aware and Services of Holy Cross

of Agdao

The students are “Almost

Aware” with the Library

3.5-4.4 Almost Aware Resources and Services of

Holy Cross of Agdao

The students are

“Somewhat Aware” with

2.5-3.4 Somewhat Aware the Library Resources and

Services of Holy Cross of

Agdao

The students are “Not Fully

Aware” with the Library

1.5-2.4 Not Fully Aware Resources and Services of

Holy Cross of Agdao