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Situation – Accurate computation prior to drug administration is A. The ability to organize and plan activities
a basic skill all nurses
must have. B. Having attained an advanced level of
education
1. Rudolf is diagnosed with amoebiasis and is to received C. A holistic understanding and perception
Metronidazole (Flagyl) tablets of the client
1.5 gm daily in 3 divided doses for 7 consecutive days. Which of D. Intuitive and analytic ability in new situations
the following is the correct dose of the drug that the client will
received per oral administration?
8. As you become socialized into the nursing “culture” you become
A. 1,000 mg tid C. a patient advocate.
1,500 mg tid Advocacy is explained by the following EXCEPT:
B. 500 mg tid D.
50 mg tid
A. Respecting a person’s right to be autonomous
B. Demonstrating loyalty to the institution’s
2. Rhona, a 2 year old female was prescribed to receive 62.5 rights
mg suspension three times C. Shared respect, trust and collaboration in
a day. The available dose is 125 mg/ml. which of the following meeting health needs
should Nurse Paolo prepare for each oral dose? D. Protecting and supporting another person’s
rights
A. 5 ml C.
2.5 ml
B. 1.5 ml D. 9. Modern day nursing has led to the led development of the
10 ml expanded role of the nurse as seen in the function of a:
3. The physician ordered Potassium Chloride (KCL) in D5W 1 A. Clinical nurse specialist C.
liter to be infused in 24 Community health nurse
hours for Mrs. Gomez. Since Potassium Chloride is a high risk B. Critical care nurse D.
drug, Nurse Robert used an intravenous pump. Which of the Staff nurse
following should Nurse Robert do to safely administer this drug?
10. You join a continuing education program to help you:
A. Check the pump setting every 2 hours
B. Teach the client how the infusion pump A. Earn credits for license renewal
operates B. Get in touch with colleagues in nursing
C. Have another nurse check the infusion pump C. Enhance your basic knowledge
setting D. Update your knowledge and skills related
D. Set the alarm of the pump loud enough to be to field of interest
heard
Situation – Mr. Jose’s chart is the permanent legal recording of all
4. Baby Liza, 3 months old, with a congenital heart deformity, information that relates to his health care management. As such,
has an order from her the entries in the chart must have accurate data.
physician: “give 3.00 cc of Lanoxin today for 1 dose only”. Which
of the following is the most appropriate action by the nurse? 11. Mr. Jose’s chart contains all information about his health
care. The functions of records include all except:
A. Clarify order with the attending physician
B. Discuss the order with the pediatric heart A. Means of communication that health team
specialist in the unit members use to communicate their
C. Administer Lanoxin intravenously as it is the contributions to the client’s health care
usual route of administration
D. Refer to the medication administration record B. The client’s record also shows a document of
for previous administration of Lanoxin how much health care agencies will be
reimbursed for their services
5. When Nurse Norma was about to administer the C. Educational resource for student of nursing
medications of client Lennie, the relative of and medicine
Lennie told the nurse that they buy her medicines and showed
the container of medications
1
D. Recording of actions in advance to save A. The nurses check client’s identification
band before giving medications
time
B. The nurse reports adverse reaction to drugs
C. Average waiting time for medication
administration is measured
D. The unit has well ventilated medication room
Nursing audit aims to: 20. An order for a client was given and the nurse in charge of
the client reports that she has no
experience of doing the procedure before. Which of the following
A. Provide research data to hospital personnel
is the most appropriate action of the nurse supervisor?
B. Study client’s illness and treatment regimen
closely A. Assign another nurse to perform the
C. Compare actual nursing done to procedure
B. Ask the nurse to find way to learn the
established standards
procedure
D. Provide information to health-care providers C. Tell the nurse to read the procedure manual
D. Do the procedure with the nurse
A telephone order is given for a client in your ward. What
is your most appropriate action? Situation – Oral care is an important part of hygienic practices
and promoting client comfort.
A. Copy the order on to the chart and sign the
physician’s name as close to his original
signature as possible
21. An elderly client, 84 years old, is unconscious. Assessment
of the mouth reveals excessive
B. Repeat the order back to the physician,
dryness and presence of sores. Which of the following is BEST to
copy onto the order sheet and indicate
use for oral care?
that it is a telephone order
C. Write the order in the client’s chart and have
the head nurse co-sign it A. Lemon glycerine C.
D. Tell the physician that you can not take the Mineral oil
order but you will call the nurse supervisor B. Hydrogen peroxide D.
Normal saline solution
Situation – Errors while providing nursing care to patients must
be avoided and minimized at all time. Effective management of
available resources enables the nurse to provide safe, quality 22. When performing oral care to an unconscious client, which
patient care. of the following is a special consideration to prevent
aspiration of fluids into the lungs?
16. In the hospital where you work, increased incidence of
A. Put the client on a sidelying position
medication error was identified as the number one problem with head of bed lowered
in the unit. During the brainstorming session of the nursing
B. Keep the client dry by placing towel under the
service department, probable causes were identified. chin
Which of the following is process related?
C. Wash hands and observe appropriate
infection control
A. Interruptions C. Lack of D. Clean mouth with oral swabs in a careful and
knowledge an orderly progression
B. Use of unofficial abbreviations D. Failure
23. The advantages of oral care for a client include all of the
to identify client
following, EXCEPT:
Miscommunication of drug orders was identified as a
probable cause of medication errors. Which of the following is A. Decreases bacteria in the mouth and teeth
safe medication practice related to this? B. Reduces need to use commercial
mouthwash which irritate the buccal
A. Maintain medication in its unit dose package mucosa
until point of actual administration
B. Note both generic and brand name of the C. Improves client’s appearance and self-
medication in the Medication Administration confidence
Method D. Improves appetite and taste of food
C. The physician should use approved
universal abbreviations
D. Encourage clients to ask question about their
24. A possible problem while providing oral care to
medications. unconscious clients is the risk of fluid
aspiration to lungs. This can be avoided by:
. The hospital has an ongoing quality assurance program. A. Cleaning teeth and mouth with cotton swabs
Which of the following indicates soaked with mouthwash to avoid rinsing the
implementation of process standards? buccal cavity
2
B. Swabbing the inside of the cheeks and lips, 30. One of the first things Ms. Castro did was to engage her
until in objective writing, formulating goals and philosophy of
tongue and gums with dry cotton swabs
nursing service. Which activities are MOST appropriately
C. Use fingers wrapped with wet cotton described to which elements of administration?
washcloth to rub inside the cheeks, tongue,
lips and gums A. Planning B. Controlling C.
D. Suctioning as needed while cleaning the Directing D. Organizing
buccal cavity
31. In recognizing the Department of Nursing, she comes up
with the organizational structure defining the role and function of
. Your client has difficulty of breathing and is mouth
the different nursing positions and line-up the position with
breathing most of the time. This causes qualified people. This is included in which element of
dryness of the mouth with unpleasant odor. Oral hygiene is administration:
recommended for the client and in addition, you will keep the
mouth moistened by using: A. Monitoring B. Evaluation C.
Organizing D. Planning
A. Salt solution C.
Petroleum jelly 32. After one month, she and her management committee
B. Water D. assess the regulatory measures taken and correct whatever
discrepancies are found. This is part of which element of
Mentholated ointment
administration:
A. Monitoring B. Organizing C.
Evaluation D. Planning
3
A. 10 B. 30 C. 45 47. When assessing Richard for chest percussion or chest
D. 60 vibration and postural drainage, Mario would focus on the
following EXCEPT:
Situation – The use of massage and meditation to help decrease
stress and pain have been strongly recommended based on A. Amount of food and fluid taken during the last meal
documented testimonials. before treatment
B. Respiratory rate, breath sounds and location of
40. Martha wants to do a study on this topic: “Effects of congestion
massage and meditation on stress and pain”. The type of C. Teaching the client’s relatives to perform the
research that best suits this topic is: procedure
D. Doctor’s order regarding position restrictions and
A. Applied research C. client’s tolerance for lying flat
Basic Research
48. Mario prepares Richard for postural drainage and
B. Qualitative research D. percussion. Which of the following is a special consideration when
Quantitative Research doing the procedure?
41. The type of research design that does not manipulate A. Respiratory rate of 16 to 20 per minute
independent variable is: B. Client can tolerate sitting and lying positions
C. Client has no signs of infection
A. Experimental design C. Non- D. Time of last food and fluid intake of the client
experimental design
49. The purpose of chest percussion and vibration is to loosen
B. Quasi-experimental design D.
secretions in the lungs. The difference between the procedures is:
Quantitative design
A. Percussion uses only one hand while vibration uses
42. This research topic has the potential to contribute to nursing both hands
because it seeks to B. Percussion delivers cushioned blows to the
chest with cupped palms while vibration gently
A. Include new modalities of care shakes secretion loose on the exhalation cycle
B. Resolve a clinical problem C. In both percussion and vibration the hands are on
top of each other and hand action is in tune with
C. Clarify an ambiguous modality of care client’s breath rhythm
D. Enhance client care D. Percussion slaps the chest to loosen secretions while
vibration shakes the secretions along with the
inhalation of air
43. Martha does review of related literature for the purpose of:
A. Determine statistical treatment of data research Situation – A 61 year old man, Mr. Regalado, is admitted to the
B. Gathering data about what is already known or private ward for observation after complaints of severe chest
unknown about the problem pain. You are assigned to take care of the client.
C. To identify if problem can be replicated
50. When doing an initial assessment, the best way for you to
D. Answering the research question identify the client’s priority problem is to:
44. Client’s rights should be protected when doing research A. Interview the client for chief complaints and
using human subjects. Martha identifies these rights as follows other symptoms
EXCEPT: B. Talk to the relatives to gather data about history of
illness
A. Right of self-determination C, C. Do auscultation to check for chest congestion
Right of privacy D. Do a physical examination while asking the client
relevant questions
B. Right to compensation
D. Right not to be harmed 51. Upon establishing Mr. Regalado’s nursing needs, the next
nursing approach would be to:
Situation – Richard has a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway
clearance related to excessive secretions and is at risk for A. Introduce the client to the ward staff to put the
infection because of retained secretions. Part of Nurse Mario’s client and family at ease
nursing care plan is to loosen and remove excessive secretions in B. Give client and relatives a brief tour of the physical
the airway. set up the unit
C. Take his vital signs for a baseline assessment
45. Mario listens to Richard’s bilateral sounds and finds that D. Establish priority needs and implement
congestion is in the upper lobes of the lungs. The appropriate appropriate interventions
position to drain the anterior and posterior apical segments of the
lungs when Mario does percussion would be: 52. Mr. Regalado says he has “trouble going to sleep”. In order
to plan your nursing intervention you will:
A. Client lying on his back then flat on his abdomen on
Trendelenburg position A. Observe his sleeping patterns in the next few days
B. Client seated upright in bed or on a chair then B. Ask him what he means by this statement
leaning forward in sitting position then flat on C. Check his physical environment to decrease noise
his back and on his abdomen level
C. Client lying flat on his back and then flat on his D. Take his blood pressure before sleeping and upon
abdomen waking up
D. Client lying on his right then left side on
Trendelenburg position 53. Mr. Regalado’s lower extremities are swollen and shiny. He
has pitting pedal edema. When taking care of Mr. Regalado,
46. When documenting outcome of Richard’s treatment Mario which of the following interventions would be the most
should include the following in his recording EXCEPT: appropriate immediate nursing approach?
A. Color, amount and consistency of sputum A. Moisturize lower extremities to prevent skin
B. Character of breath sounds and respiratory rate irritation
before and after procedure B. Measure fluid intake and output to decrease edema
C. Amount of fluid intake of client before and C. Elevate lower extremities for postural drainage
after the procedure D. Provide the client a list of food low in sodium
D. Significant changes in vital signs
4
54. Mr. Regalado will be discharged from your unit within the
hour. Nursing actions when preparing a client for discharge
include all EXCEPT:
56. You noted from the lab exams in the chart of M. Santos that
he has reduced oxygen in the blood. This condition is called:
A. Cyanosis C.
Hypoxemia
B. Hypoxia D.
Anemia
5
57. You will do nasopharyngeal suctioning on Mr. B. Watching out for warning signs of cancer
Abad. Your guide for the length of insertion of the
tubing for an adult would be: C. Proficiency in doing breast self-
examination
A. Tip of the nose to the base of the neck D. Early detection and prompt treatment
B. The distance from the tip of the nose to
64. The role of the health worker in health education
the middle of the neck is to
C. The distance from the tip of the nose
to the tip of the ear lobe A. Report incidence of non-communicable
D. Eight to ten inches diseases to community health center
B. Educate as many people about
58. While doing nasopharyngeal suctioning on Mr.
warning signs of non-communicable
Abad, the nurse can avoid trauma to the area by: diseases
A. Apply suction for at least 20-30 seconds C. Focus on smoking cessation projects
each time to ensure that all secretions are D. Monitor clients with hypertension
removed
B. Using gloves to prevent introduction of Situation – As you begin to work in the hospital where
pathogens to the respiratory system you are on probation, you are tasked to take care of a
C. Applying no suction while inserting few patients. The clients have varied needs and you are
the catheter expected to provide care for them.
D. Rotating catheter as it is inserter with
gentle suction 65. An ambulatory client. Mr. Zosimo, is being
prepared for bed. Which of the following nursing actions
59. Myrna has difficulty breathing when on her back promote safety for the client?
and must sit upright in bed to breath effectively and
comfortably. The nurse documents this condition as: Turning off the lights to promote rest and sleep
B. Instructing the client about the use of
A. Apnea call system
C. Dyspnea Raising the side rails
Placing the bed in high position
B. Orthopnea
D. Tachypnea
66. Mikka, a 25 year old female client, is admitted
with right lower quadrant abdominal pain. The
Situation – During the NUTRITION EDUCATION class
physician diagnosed the client with acute appendicitis
discussion a 58 year old man, Mr. Bruno, shows and an emergency appendectomy was performed.
increased interest.
Twelve hours following surgery, the patient
complained of pain. Which of the following is the most
60. Mr. Bruno asks what the “normal” allowable salt
appropriate nursing diagnosis?
intake is. Your best response to Mr. Bruno is:
Impaired mobility related to pain secondary to an
A. 1 tsp of salt/day with iodine and sprinkle abdominal incision
of MSG
Impaired movements related to pain due to surgery
B. 5 gms per day or 1 tsp of table salt/day Impaired mobility related to surgery
C. 1 tbsp of salt/day with some patis and
Pain related to abdominal incision secondary to
toyo surgery
D. 1 tsp of salt/day but no patis and
toyo 67. You are preparing a plan of care for a client who
is experiencing pain related to incisional swelling
61. Your instructions to reduce or limit salt intake following laminectomy. Which of the following should
include all the following EXCEPT:
be included in the nursing care plan?
A. Eat natural food with little or no salt A. Encourage the client to log roll when
added
turning
B. Limit use of table salt and use B. Encourage the client to do self-care
condiments instead C. Instruct the client to do deep breathing
C. Use herbs and spices exercises
D. Ambulate the client in ward premises
D. Limit intake of preserved or processed every twenty minutes
food
68. Mr. Lozano, 50 year old executive, is recovering
62. Teaching strategies and approaches when giving from severe myocardial infarction. For the past 3 days,
nutrition education is influenced by age, sex and Mr. Lozano’s hygiene and grooming needs have been
immediate concerns of the group. Your presentation for met by the nursing staff. Which of the following
a group of young mothers would be best if you focus activities should be implemented to achieve the goal
on: of independence for Mr. Lozano?
6
A. Talk with the family members about the C. Health promotion activities
advantage of staying in the hospital or D. Relationship between health values and
proper care health promotion activities
B. Provide support to the family
members by teaching ways to care for Situation – While working in a tertiary hospital, you are
their loved one assigned to the medical ward.
C. Convince the client to stay in the hospital
for professional care 75. Your client, Mr. Diaz, is concerned that he can
D. Tell the client to be with his family not pay his hospital bills and professional fees.
You refer him to a:
Situation – Myrna, a researcher, proposes a study on
the relationship between health values and the health
promotion activities of staff nurses in a selected college A. Nurse supervisor
of nursing. C. Bookkeeping department
B. Social worker
70. In both quantitative and qualitative research, the D. Physician
used of a frame of reference is required.
Which of the following items serves as the purpose of 76. Mr. Magno has lung cancer and is going through
a framework? chemotherapy. He is referred by the
oncology nurse to a self-help group of clients with
A. Incorporates theories into nursing’s body cancer to:
of knowledge
B. Organizes the development of study and
links the findings to nursing’s body of
A. Receive emotional support C.
knowledge Provide financial assistance
C. Provides logical structure of the research B. To be a part of a research study D.
findings Assist with chemotherapy
D. Identifies concepts and relationships
between concepts 77. A diabetic hypertensive client, Mrs. Linao, needs
a change in diet to improve her health status.
She should be referred to a:
72. The primary purpose for reviewing literature is A. Encourages the client’s involvement in
to: his care
B. Shares and implements orders of the
A. Organize materials related to the health team to ensure quality care
problem of interest C. She listens to the individual views of the
B. Generate broad background and team members
understanding of information related to D. Helps client set goals of care and
the research problem of interest discharge
C. Select topics related to the problem of
interest
D. Gather current knowledge of the
problem of interest
7
A. Critical thinking to decide 86. After IVP a renal stone was confirmed, a left
nephrectomy was done. Her post operative
appropriate nursing actions
order includes “daily urine specimen to be sent to the
B. Understanding of various nursing laboratory” . Eileen has a foley catheter
diagnoses attached to a urinary drainage system. How will you
C. Observation skills for data collection collect the urine specimen?
D. Possession of scientific knowledge about
A. Remove urine from drainage tube
client needs with sterile needle and syringe and empty urine
from the syringe into the specimen
81. You ensure the appropriateness and safety of container
your nursing interventions while caring for B. Empty a sample urine from the collecting
various client groups by: bag into the specimen container
C. Disconnect the drainage tube from the
A. Creating plans of care for particular indwelling catheter and allow urine to flow from
catheter into the specimen container.
clientele
D. Disconnect the drainage from the
B. identifying the correct nursing diagnoses
collecting bag and allow the urine to flow from
for clients
the catheter into the specimen container.
C. making a thorough assessment of
client needs and problems
87. Where would the nurse tape Eileen’s indwelling
D. using standards of nursing care as your
catheter in order to reduce urethral irritation?
criteria for evaluation
A. To the patient’s inner thigh
82. The effectiveness of your nursing care plan for C. To the patient’
your clients is determined by B. To the patient’s lower thigh D.
To the patient lower abdomen
A. the number of nursing procedures
performed to comfort the client 90. Which of the following menu is appropriate for one
B. the amount of medications administered with low sodium diet?
to the client as ordered
C. the number of times the client calls the A. Instant noodles, fresh fruits and ice tea
nurse B. Ham and cheese sandwich, fresh fruits
D. the outcome of nursing interventions and vegetables
based on plan of care C. White chicken sandwich, vegetable
salad and tea
83. You are assigned to Mrs. Amado, age 49, who D. Canned soup, potato salad, and diet soda
was admitted for possible surgey. She
complained of recurrent pain at the right upper 91. How will you prevent ascending infection to Eileen
quadrant of the abdomen 1-2 hours after ingestion of who has an indwelling catheter?
fatty food. She also had frequent bouts of dizziness,
blood pressure of 170/100, hot flashes. Which of the A. See to it that the drainage tubing
above symptoms would be an objective cue? touches the level of the urine
B. Change he catheter every eight hours
A. Blood pressure measurement of C. See to it that the drainage tubing
170/100 does not touch the level of the urine
B. Complaint of hot flashes D. Clean catheter may be used since
C. Report of pain after ingestion of fatty urethral meatus is not a sterile area
food
D. Complaint of frequent bouts of dizziness Situation – You are assigned to take care of 10 patients
during the morning shift. The endorsement includes the
IV infusion and medications for these clients.
84. While talking with Mrs. Amado, it is most
important for the nurse to: 92. Mr. Felipe, 36 years old is to be given 2700 ml of
D5LR to infuse for 18 hours starting at 8 am. At what
A. Schedule the laboratory exams ordered rate should the IV fluid be flowing hourly?
for her
B. Do an assessment of the client to A. 100 ml per hour C.
determine priority needs 150 ml per hour
B. 210 ml per hour D.
C. Tell the client that your shift ends after
190 ml per hour
eight hours
D. Have the client sign an informed consent 93. Frequency of administration is necessary for every
PRN pain medication. If the doctor ordered Morphine 25
Situation - Eileen, 45 years old is admitted to the mg IM PRN every 6 hours, and the first dose was given
hospital with a diagnosis of renal calculi. She is at 8 am, The next dose will be at 2 p.m onwards. Why
experiencing severe flank pain, nauseated and with a is this so?
temperature of 39 0C.
A. To prevent addiction
85. Given the above assessment data, the most B. To prevent frequent complains of pain
immediate goal of the nurse would be which of the C. To prevent overmedicating the
following? client
D. To prevent the use of excessive
A. Prevent urinary complication narcotics, so that the nurse can take
B. Maintains fluid and electrolytes home some for himself.
C. Alleviate pain
D. Alleviating nausea 94. You are to apply a transdermal patch of
nitoglycerin to your client. The following are important
guidelines to observe EXCEPT:
8
A. Apply to hairless clean area of the 98. Connie, the new nurse, appears tired and sluggish
skin not subject to much wrinkling and lacks the enthusiasm she had six weeks ago when
B. Patches may be applied to distal she started the job. The nurse supervisor should
part of the extremities like
forearm A. Empathize with the nurse and listen
C. Change application and site regularly
to her
to prevent irritation of the skin
D. Wear gloves to avoid any medication B. Tell her to take the day off
on your hand C. Discuss how she is adjusting to
her new job
D. Ask about her family life