In the Anglo-Saxon period, there's a story entitled Beowulf.

Beowulf is an epic story

which is the hero of Geats..Grendel, a troll-like monster said to be descended from the biblical
Cain, is pained by the sounds of a joy he cannot share. Monster attacked the hall Heorot and
killed many of Hrothgar's warriors while they sleep. Beowulf heard about what happened to the
Danes so he asks for permission to his king to let him go to the Danes with his warriors. Beowulf
won to his first battle to Danes. The next night, after celebrating Grendel's defeat, Hrothgar and
his men sleep in Heorot. Grendel's mother, angry that her son has been killed, sets out to get
revenge. But then, Beowulf won again to the fight. After that Beowulf returns to his home and
becomes king. Fifty years after, Beowulf's battle with Grendel's mother, a slave steals a golden
cup from the lair of a dragon. The dragon found out that his golden cup was stolen. So, the
dragon burned everything he sees. Beowulf descends to do battle with the dragon, but the
dragon was too big and his warriors left him because they are afraid. Wiglaf one of his warriors
comes to his aid. They slay the dragon, however Beowulf is mortally wounded. After Beowulf's
death, he is ritually burned on a great pyre in Geatland while his people wail and mourn him,
fearing that without him, the Geates are defenseless against attacks from surrounding tribes.
Afterwards, a barrow, visible from the sea, is built in his memory.

In the story Beowulf it doesn’t have a certain author because it is passed generation to
generation. There are many morals in the epic poem Beowulf to be learned and understood.
These morals are explained very briefly with little detail thus not being able to be completely
understood. All these morals are intertwined into lessons about good and evil in a thrilling story
of a hero. Some examples of these morals are that if you fight you must fight fair in order to win.
Another example would be that good always triumphs over evil. These are just a few of the
morals taught in the epic poem Beowulf. If you have a gift, you should use it not just for yourself
but also for others. In Beowulf, he shares his braveness and he saved the land of Hrothgar even
if he’s not from Geats.
 The seven ages of man was originally by William Shakespeare. The poem seven ages
of man was in the monologue “As You like It”. This poem was all about the stages of a man. The
first stage was the infant or a baby who’s puking in a nurse’s arm. The second is a schoolboy; it
is a stage where the man hates the school. It is a teenage boy who’s bright, but reluctant. Third,
the lover singing a tragic ballad to emphasize the emptiness he feels in the absence of his lover.
Sometimes they make poem to attract a girl. Fourth, the soldier—it is not literally in military it’s
just only a metaphor. This mean’s man is taking his work seriously and dedicates himself to a
cause, whether it is the protection of the nation, or simply the upkeep of his family. It is a stage
where a man is looking for a glory and a quarrelsome. Fifth the justice or the judge, it’s the
period of time when you gain an importance, and are no longer trying to prove yourself. You
instead sit back and comment on the world. This is the age where the person is mature enough
to decide for himself. Again, like the soldier in the fourth age, the judge is only a metaphor.
Anyone can experience this age. Sixth stage is the old man. A man who loses many of the traits
he used to possess, and watches many of his childish traits appear again. This is the age where
the man becomes weak and starting to lose everything. The last stage was the incapacity—this
stage was like we return in many respects to the state we grew up from — call it the second
childhood. This age is where the person seems to be young again and is solely dependent on
his or her children or other people. At this stage, our senses become clouded to the point of
being useless. The height will become smaller than before and the skin becomes furrow. We
lose our teeth, our vision, our taste, and eventually, everything.
In this story, William Shakespeare is just indicating to us what life is. He is indicating the
fact of our lives. How our lives flow ordinarily, because all of us will go through that kind of
situation. I learned in this story is about how Shakespeare compare our life to the stage. I
learned about the deep English that Shakespeare includes to the poem. According to
Shakespeare every man goes through seven acts in his life time from birth to death. I learned
that Shakespeare’s concept of life was he considers the world as one huge stage where all of
us are actors who are enacting our clearly defined roles from time to time. I learned that
Shakespeare's work has made a lasting impression on later theatre and literature. In particular,
he expanded the dramatic potential of characterization, plot, language, and genre. His works
have been famous like Romeo and Juliet. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy, about two young star-
crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among
Shakespeare's most popular plays during his lifetime and along with Hamlet, is one of his most
frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters were as archetypal young lovers. Many
people admire in this tragic story because of the flaws.
 There are eight elements of poetry. The first one is the Form- it is the structure of the
poem it is divided into two. The two types of form are the closed form and the open form. The
closed form is the specific structure. The open form has no specific structure it is basically a free
verse. The second element of the poetry is the tone. The tone is referring to the attitude of the
subject of a theme or it is simply as the emotion of the reader. The other one is the mood, who
is referring the emotion of the author. The third element of the poetry is persona. Persona is the
one who is talking in the poem. The fourth element is the imagery. The imagery is the abstract
ideas, concretize or the emotion of the poem, in sum it is how the reader imagine the poem. The
fifth is the figurative language. Figurative language is the metaphor, simile, personification etc.
figurative language is important because without this we will misunderstand the poem and we
will not get what is the point of the author. Next in the element is the sound pattern. The sound
pattern is the onomatopoeia of the poem. It is repeating the similar sounds. In sound pattern
there’s an alliteration, alliteration has three types—the consonantal alliteration, vowel alliteration
and the internal alliteration. Next in the elements is the rhythm. The rhythm is the occurrence of
pattern of beats or stresses in spoken or written language. The last one is the rhyme. The
rhyme is the repetition of similar or identical sounds at the end or at the middle of the verse.

I learned in this lesson is the elements of poetry. I learned how to write a poem correctly.
I learned that there much is needed to create a poem. I learned that poetry is a form of literature
that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound
symbolism and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible
meaning. Not just the elements of poetry, we tackled too the kinds of poem. In kinds of poem, I
learned about the sonnet. I learned that many of Shakespeare’s works are sonnet. I learned that
there are so many kinds of poem. I learned the types of metrical foot. I learned that in poem it
can be a song. I learned that there only two types of poem. The first one is the lyric poem and
the second one is narrative poem.
 There are so many punctuation marks. Let us start first the period. Period (in America) is
a full stop (.) It is a punctuation mark (.) at the end of a sentence. It shows that the sentence has
finished. To be a sentence it must have at least one complete clause, with a verb and a subject.
A point maybe used after a word has been shortened: Pty. Ltd. The words doctor, mister, and
mistress are often made shorter when used with a name. "Dr. Smith" is the name of a doctor
whose last name is Smith, and "Mr." Banerjee is short for Mister Banerjee. "Mrs." means a wife;
"Miss" is an unmarried female. "Ms." can be used for either. A point is also used after a first or
middle initial, but does not follow a last name, for example "J. Citizen". When three periods are
used together (...), they are called an ellipsis. Next punctuation is comma. The comma ( , ) is a
punctuation mark that appears in several variants in various languages. It has the same shape
as an apostrophe or single closing quotation mark in many typefaces, but it differs from them in
being placed on the baseline of the text. Some typefaces render it as a small line, slightly
curved or straight but inclined from the vertical, or with the appearance of a small, filled-in
number nine. The comma is used in many contexts and languages, mainly for separating parts
of a sentence such as clauses, and items in lists, particularly when there are three or more
items listed. Next is the parenthesis. Parenthesis is a word, clause, or sentence inserted as an
explanation or afterthought into a passage that is grammatically complete without it, in writing
usually marked off by curved brackets, dashes, or commas. Next are the colon and semi colon.
A colon is a punctuation mark (:) used to precede a list of items, a quotation, or an expansion or
explanation. A semicolon is a punctuation mark (;) indicating a pause, typically between two
main clauses, that is more pronounced than that indicated by a comma. The other punctuation’s
are the exclamation mark, question mark, quotation mark, apostrophe, hyphen and the dash
and brackets.

I learned in this lesson is how to use punctuation properly. I learned that when you are
using period it is mean full stop. I learned that when making a list, commas are the most
common way to separate one list item from the next. I learned the difference between the
parenthesis and a bracket, usually we use brackets - [ ] - for special purposes such as in
technical manuals. Parenthesis - ( ) - are used in a similar way to commas when we want to add
further explanation, an afterthought, or comment that is to do with our main line of thought but
distinct from it.
 In this poem, Robert Frost—the author compared life to the road. Robert Lee Frost was
an American poet. His work was initially published in England before it was published in
America. He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of
American colloquial speech. "The Road Not Taken" is a narrative poem consisting of four
stanzas of 5 lines each in iambic tetrameter and is one of Frost's most popular works. Besides
being among the best known poems, some claim that it is one of the most misunderstood. In the
poem, the persona is the traveler that chose the hardest path than the other path that people
chose, because it is the easiest way or a road. Two paths that the one can be harm to him and
the other one is safe for him. This poem is similar to the poem of William Shakespeare entitled
“Seven Ages of Man” in as you like it. But the difference is Shakespeare compared our life to a
stage and the persona of the poem is only a man. The traveler says that “I shall be telling this
with a sigh, somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I, I took the
one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference”. The traveler did not regret to his
decision instead he is happy because he decides wisely and think that every challenge we
going through there’s still happiness we will encounter.

This poem is just indicating that sometimes the hard path to start walking on is the one
that leads us to exactly where we need to be. I learned how to take the right decision at the right
time. I learned to face the world boldly and try new thing. I learned that decision all shows your
willingness and taking Risk. Other says that “Nothing ventured, nothing gained”. Success comes
to those who dare and act. Sometimes we have choices in life in which we cannot change once
we choose it.
 The Anglo-Saxon period stretched over 600 years, from 410 to 1066.The early settlers
kept to small tribal groups, forming kingdoms and sub-kingdoms. By the ninth century, the
country was divided into four kingdoms - Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia and Wessex. In
Anglo-Saxon, the Christianity discovered. In Middle English period they start to work a political
and economic system. Having a play likes mystery and morality starts at middle English period.
In early modern English, Shakespeare came up because of his "as you like it" were until now we
still show up his play. Around the end of the 8th century, Anglo-Saxon history tells of many
Viking raids. These marked the start of a long struggle between the Anglo-Saxons and the
Vikings for control of Britain. He agreed to peace with them and some Vikings settled down to
live in their own area of eastern England, called the Danelaw. The Anglo-Saxons left their
homelands in northern Germany, Denmark and The Netherlands and rowed across the North
Sea in wooden boats to Britain. They sailed across the North Sea in their long ships, which had
one sail and many oars. The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the
5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from
continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some
aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the
period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the
Norman Conquest.

I learned about Anglo-Saxon was the growth of the Christianity. I learned that William
Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer
in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is also called as “Bard of
Avon. I learned that in Anglo Saxon period, Middle English and early modern there are many
poet that popular before even nowadays. I learned the three tribes of Anglo Saxon. I learned
that William of Normandy is the first French king in the Middle English period.
 The capitalization is the action of writing or printing in capital letters or with an initial
capital. Capitalization is writing a word with its first letter as a capital letter (upper-case letter)
and the remaining letters in lower case in writing systems with a case distinction. The term is
also used for the choice of case in text. Conventional writing systems (orthographies) for
different languages have different conventions for capitalization. The systematic use of
capitalized and uncapitalized words in running text is called "mixed case". Conventions for the
capitalization of titles and other classes of words vary between languages and, to a lesser
extent, between different style guides. There are eight capitalization rules. First is capitalizing
the first word in quotations, provided the quoted material is a complete sentence. Second use
capitals for proper nouns. In other words, capitalize the names of people, specific places, and
things. Third Capitalize titles when they are on the signature line of a letter, when the title comes
immediately before a name, or when the title replaces the use of a name. Fourth capitalize
directions only when they refer to specific regions. Fifth all large words in the titles of movies,
books, and other publications should be capitalized, while all small words (a, an, the, but, and,
if, as, or, nor, to name a few) should not be capitalized unless they are the first or last words in
the title. Sixth the first word of a salutation should be capitalized, as well as the first word of a
closing. Seventh capitalize words derived from proper nouns. Eighth capitalize when two or
more sentences follow a colon.

I learned how to capitalize a word properly. I learned the eight capitalization rules. I
learned that the proper noun should be in a capital letter. I learned that in salutation it is always
in a capital letter. Use a capital letter after the punctuations aside of comma. Then always use
capital letters at the beginning of the sentence.
 Connotation and Denotation are two principal methods of describing the meanings of
words. Connotation refers to the wide array of positive and negative associations that most
words naturally carry with them, whereas denotation is the precise, literal definition of a word
that might be found in a dictionary. A word's denotation is the strict dictionary definition of that
word and refers to the actual thing or idea it represents. In other words, a denotation is the
actual meaning of the word without reference to the emotional associations it can arouse in a
reader. Although writers can make mistakes in denotation, a writer is more apt to miss the right
word by misjudging its connotation. Connotation can be either the three the Positive (favorable)
connotation, Negative (unfavorable) connotation, Neutral connotation. It can be words that make
people feel good. It can be words that provoke a negative emotional response. Then the last
one it can be words that cause no emotional reaction at all. Depending on the intent of the
writer, he/she will choose either favorable or unfavorable connotations to communicate his
point. Most journalistic writing uses favorable connotations for the sake of political correctness
and to avoid alienating readers. Scientific or technical documents typically use a neutral
connotation. Politically motivated writing normally uses highly charged connotations, both
favorable and unfavorable, to achieve the desired impact. Words also have formal and informal
connotations. When you speak with or write to older people, people who are in a position of
authority, or others you do not know well, you are most likely to use words with formal
connotations. An example would be using the term grandmother instead of a denotative, yet
less formal, equal like grammar. Formal connotations tend to be either neutral or favorable.
When you speak with or write to your friends, you are most likely to use words with informal
connotations.

This topic makes a person understand easily the figurative language that author used to
his/her poem. It will help to improve our understanding in a poem that has many figurative
languages. Denotation and connotation are two more tools that can employ to discern the
meaning of an unfamiliar term. It’s word recognition is increasingly important to engage
advanced reading.