‫الرحيم بسم الله الرحمن‬

An-Najah National University

Faculty of Nursing

Fundamental of Nursing (2)

150132 /3 C.H

First year nursing students

Second Trimester / 2 nd Exam
Total marks 15
18/4/2010

Lecturer Name: Miss Shurouq Qadous, RN, MCH

Name of Student …………………………..

University Number: …………………………

1
First Part: Oxygenation

Q.1 Choose the best answer:- (6 marks)

1.1 Air that develops in the pleural space is referred to as:

a. Pneumothorax
b. Pleural effusion
c. Hemothorax
d. Atelectasis

1.2 Which oxygen delivery device would the nurse expect to use to provide the highest
concentration of oxygen to a patient who is breathing spontaneously?
a. Partial rebreather mask
b. Nonrebreather mask
c. Simple mask
d. Venturi mask

1.3 Which action would the nurse include when performing oropharyngeal suction on a
patient?
a. Use clean technique
b. Apply suction as the catheter is introduced
c. Flush the catheter with saline between catheter insertions
d. Limit suctioning to 25 – to 30 second intervals at one time.

1.4 Effective use of a metered – dose inhaler requires that the patient accomplish which
action?
a. Breath in through the nose
b. inhale two sprays with one breath
c. Hold the breath for 5 to 10 seconds after inspiration
d. Exhale quickly through an open mouth

1.5 When auscultating Mr. Chang's breath sounds, the nurse detects a continuous, musical
heard on expiration. The nurse identifies this sound as :
a. Crackles
b. Wheezes
c. Bronchial sounds
d. Pleural friction rub

1.6 Which blood gas values would the nurse identify as within the normal range?
a. pH, 7.25 to 7.35; PaCO2, 25 to 35 mm Hg; PaO2, 50 to 100 mm Hg
b. pH, 7.35 to 7.45; PaCO2, 45 to 50 mm Hg; PaO2, 90 to 100 mm Hg
c. pH, 7.35 to 7.45; PaCO2, 35 to 45 mm Hg; PaO2, 80 to 100 mm Hg
d. pH, 7.30 to 7.40; PaCO2, 30 to 45 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 to 100 mm Hg

Q.2 Define the following:- (4 marks)

2.1 Cyanosis
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
2.2 Hypoxemia
2
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.3 Tracheostomy
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.4 Percussion, Vibration, and Postural Drainage

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Q.3 Answer the following questions (1 marks)

3.1 Mention two used for incentive spirometers

1._________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________

3.2 Interpret the following ABG (2 marks)

- PH = 7.48
PaCO2 = 33 mmHg
HCO3 = 25 mEq/L

…………………………………..

- PH = 7.50
PaCO2 = 40 mmHg
HCO3 = 30 mEq/L

………………………………………

Second Part: Urinary Elimination

Q.1 Choose the best answer:- (4 marks)

1.1 When a person has a fever or diaphoresis, the urine out- put will be:

a. Decreased and highly concentrated

b. Decreased and highly dilute
c. Increased and concentrated
d. Increased and dilute

3
1.2 Which of the following terms describe a patient's inability to void even though the
kidneys are producing urine that enters the bladder?
a. Urgency
b. Retention
c. Oliguria
d. Dysuria

1.3 Nursing care for a patient with an indwelling catheter includes which of the following?
a. Irrigation of the catheter with 30mL of normal saline solution every 4 hours.
b. Disconnecting and reconnecting the drainage system quickly to obtain a urine specimen.
c. Encouraging a generous fluid intake if not contraindicated by the patient's condition.
d. Telling the patient that burning and irritation are normal, subsiding within a few days.

1.4 Mr. Abed, a hospitalized patient with diabetes mellitus has developed a UTI. He is 80
years old and has an indwelling catheter in place. Which factor is most likely the cause of his
UTI?
a. The close proximity of the male genitalia to the rectum
b. Decreased immunity
c. A high urine glucose level.
d. The indwelling urinary catheter

Q.2 Define the following ( 6 marks)

- Anuria
………………………………………………………………………………………………

- Dysuria
………………………………………………………………………………………………

- Nocturia enuresis
………………………………………………………………………………………………

- Urinary retention
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

- Urinary incontinence
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

- Urinary Diversion
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Q.3 Complete the following questions.

4
 - Mrs. Warda Brown, 75, reports accidental loss of urine before she is able to reach the
toilet. She is aware of the urge to void but states '' Because of my stroke I sometimes
can't get there soon enough".

- According to this case which type of urinary incontinence Warda had? (1 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………….

Discuss in brief the management methods that may we think to use in Warda case
-
to help her to solve the problem. (2 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Numerous factors affect the volume and characteristics of the urine produced. One of
-
these factors is Psychological factors. Would you please explain how the
psychological factor can affect? (2 marks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………

- Fill the following table. ( 2 marks)

Characteristic Normal
Amount in 24 hours (adult)
Color, clarity
Sterility
pH
Glucose
Specific gravity
Blood
Ketone bodies

Keep Smile