John Johnson (architect, born 1807)

John Johnson (1807 – 28 December 1878) was an English architect who

specialised in religious buildings and churches in the Gothic style. He was regularly
employed by the civil engineer Sir John Kelk to design the homes and public
buildings he funded. Johnson is best known for his collaboration with Alfred
Meeson on designs for Alexandra Palace in north London; his designs for the
Church of St Edward the Confessor in Romford, Essex; and for the grade I listed St
Mary's Church in Tidworth, Wiltshire, which was completed the year he died.

As a result of the land on which one of Johnson's churches – St Luke's Church,

Alexandra Palace, designed by John
Euston Road – was sitting being purchased by the Midland Railway, the building
Johnson and Alfred Meeson
was dismantled, moved to Wanstead in north-east London, and re-erected as a
Congregational church. Johnson's participation in the work gave him the distinction
of becoming one of a small number of architects to have undertaken such a move and subsequent reconstruction.

Contents
Personal life
Career
Churches
Public and private buildings
Death and legacy
References
Further reading
External links

Personal life
John Johnson was born in 1807; little is known of his life, but he enjoyed fishing, and was for ten years on the committee of the
Thames Angling Preservation Society.[1]

For some time in the 1860s, Johnson was based in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk,[2] and was once the district surveyor for the London
Borough of East Hackney.[1]

Career

Churches
Johnson was a prolific designer of religious buildings and churches. In 1849 he was instructed to design the Church of St Edward the
Confessor in Romford, Essex,[3] and returned in 1864 to complete his second church in the town, St Andrew's, in what is in now the
Waterloo Estate.[4] In 1853 he took on the rebuilding of the parish church of All Saints in Beyton, Suffolk, which retained the
medieval core and tower.[5]
Johnson created the original designs for St Luke's Church, Euston Road, between 1856 and
1861. In 1866 it was dismantled and re-designed by Johnson, and re-erected as a
Congregational churchin Wanstead. The church was relocated because of the purchase of land
by the Midland Railway, which obtained an Act of Parliament in 1863 to extend its line to
London and build a new terminus, (which became St Pancras railway station) on the land
occupied by Johnson's church. It was described by Historic England as "one of few examples
of churches which have been moved and substantially reconstructed to their original form, and
by the original architect".[6]

Other religious buildings followed, including the Old Vicarage in Oakley Square, Camden, in
1861;[7] and St Andrews Church in Hertford in 1875.[8][9] One of his final churches was St
Mary's Church in Tidworth, Wiltshire, which was completed in the year in which Johnson
died. It is his only Grade I listed building.[10][11] St Edward the Confessor
Church in Romford, Essex

Public and private buildings

Johnson was closely associated with the civil engineer Sir John Kelk (1816–1886)
who instructed Johnson to complete the Army and Navy Club in St James's Square,
London; Kelk's personal residence at 3 Grosvenor Square, London;[1] and St Mary's
Church, which was built on Kelk's estate in Tidworth, Wiltshire.[10]

Kelk and Johnson worked together in 1862 as part of the Kensington Exhibition,[1]
and again on the construction of Alexandra Palace, which Johnson co-designed with
Alfred Meeson (1808–1885). The palace burnt down in 1873 and Johnson and
Meeson designed the new building which exists to this day.[12] Kelk personally
St Mary's in South Tidworth, Wiltshire
funded the project and used the contractors Charles and Thomas Lucas to construct
the property.[1]

Death and legacy

Johnson died at the age of 71 on 28 December 1878 at his home of 14 Buckingham Street, near the Strand, London.[13] Probate was
granted to his executors, Lewis Edward Y
ounghusband of 91 Highbury New Park, Middlesex, the sculptorEdward Bowring Stephens
of 110 Buckingham Palace Road, Middlesex, andAlfred Godwin of 3 King's Bench Walk, Temple.[14]

His designs for the Town Hall in Staines, Surrey, were submitted as part of a public competition in 1878 and the building was
completed between 1879 and 1880.[15]

References
1. John Johnson (1807–1878).(http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/bio.html) Archived (https://web.arc
hive.org/web/20180127202332/http://www .victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/bio.html)2018-01-27 at the
Wayback Machine. Jacqueline Banerjee, The Victorian Web, 8 December 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2018 .
2. "To Builders", Bury and Norwich Post, 22 May 1860, p. 2.
3. Historic England. "St Edward the Confessor's Church (Market Place) (1358535)"(https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listin
g/the-list/list-entry/1358535). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
4. Historic England. "Church of St Andrew (1184660)"(https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1184660)
.
National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
5. Historic England. "Church of All Saints (1032500)"(https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1032500)
.
National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
6. Historic England. "Wanstead United Reformed Church (1393337)" (https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-e
ntry/1393337). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
 7. Historic England. "The Old Vicarage and attached railings, gate& wall (1322083)" (https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listi
ng/the-list/list-entry/1322083). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
8. Historic England. "Church of St Andrew, Hertford (1268748)" (https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1
268748). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
9. "Hertford St Andrews: Interesting features of the present building"(https://www.hertfordstandrews.co.uk/Articles/298
304/Hertford_St_Andrews/about_us/Our_History/Interesting_features_of.aspx) . www.hertfordstandrews.co.uk.
Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180127004442/https://www .hertfordstandrews.co.uk/Articles/298304/Hertfor
d_St_Andrews/about_us/Our_History/Interesting_features_of.aspx)from the original on 2018-01-27.
10. Historic England. "Church of St Mary (1093240)"(https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1093240)
.
National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
11. "St Mary's, South Tidworth" (http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/4.html). Victorian Web. Archived (ht
tps://web.archive.org/web/20170317125217/http://www .victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/4.html)from the
original on 17 March 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
12. Historic England. "Alexandra Palace including former Alexandra Palace Station to North (1268256)" (https://HistoricE
ngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1268256)
. National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
13. "Deaths", The Standard, 31 December 1878, p. 1.
14. 1879 Probate Calendar, p. 129. (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar/GetImgSrc?filePath=%2F1879%2F
J%2F003166_johnson_1879.Png)
15. Historic England. "Staines Town Hall (1187053)" (https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1187053)
.
National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 January 2018.

Further reading
Obituary in The Builder, 11 January 1879, pp. 53 & 137.
Obituary in The Fishing Gazette, 3 January 1879, p. 7.

External links
The Victorian Web page on John Johnson.

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