2/15/2018 Cooling Tower Makeup Water

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COOLING TOWER MAKEUP WATER

Calculate the amount of makeup water required for a cooling tower with following conditions.

Data 

HOME Circulation Flow

1350 m3/h
CALCULATIONS 

Inlet Temperature
Fluid Flow
37.00 °C
Equipment
Outlet Temperature
Heat Transfer
32.00 °C

Vapor Liquid
Cycles of Concentration
Equilibria
4  
Agitation

Distillation

Instrument Range ΔT = 5.00

Properties
Makeup Water
Others
= Evaporation Loss + Drift Loss + Blowdown
= 10.33 + 2.70 + 3.44 US gpm
CONTACT = 16.47 m³/h

English Metric

Result 

Evaporation
Rate of evaporation is approximately 1% of the circulation ow for each 10
°F (5.56 °C) of rise between the outlet and inlet across the tower. A
correction is needed for factors such as wind, relative humidity, etc. Factor
of 0.85 works out to be a reasonable approximation. If the climate is
particularly moist, value may go down to 0.65; it if is very dry, it may go upto
1.0 - 1.2.

Correction Factor
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2/15/2018 Cooling Tower Makeup Water
Correction Factor

0.85  
CHECALC

Evaporation Loss

= (0.85 *(1/100)* ΔT )/(5.56) * Circulation Flow

= 0.00153 * ΔT * Circulation Flow
= 10.33 m³/h

Drift/ Windage
Drift is entrained water in the tower discharge vapors. Drift loss varies
between 0.1 and 0.2 % of Circulation ow. It can be as low as 0.01 % of
circulation ow, if the cooling tower has windage drift eliminators.

Drift Loss %

0.2  

Drift Loss

= 0.00200 * Circulation Flow

= 2.70 m³/h

Blowdown
Blowdown discards a portion of the concentrated circulating water due to
the evaporation process in order to lower the system solids concentration.
Blowdown can be calculated according to number of cycles of concentration
required to limit scale formation.

Blowdown Loss

= Evaporation Loss / (Cycles of Concentration - 1)

= 3.44 m³/h

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