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STEP 1
STEP 2
1. What is the relation between the patient smoker and his job with his illness?
2. What are the composition of cigarette?
3. Why dispnea in patient continue in 1 week with plegn sputum?
4. Why is there barrel chest in physical examination?
5. What are causes the retraction of chest muscle?
6. Why is there pulse lips breathing in the physical examination?
7. Why the doctor consider smoking eventhough he has stop smoking more than 5 years?
8. What are treatments for this diagnosis?
9. How the interpretation from spirometer examination?
10. What are the differential diagnosis and diagnosis of the scenario?
11. How is the patogenesis of the scenario?
12. What are the risk factor of this scenario?
13. What are the etiology of this scenario?
14. What are the clinical manifestation of this scenario?
STEP 3
1. What is the relation between the patient smoker and his job with his illness?
The patient is smoker and his job, is inhale toxic and polutan induce on going inflamation
with acumulation of neutrofil , macrophage and limfosit in the lung. If the stanger object
inhale to the lang, its physiology mechanism to protect out body.
The composition of smoke can cause the inflamation, the endotel change from
respiration epitel to squamous kompleks, the silia gone, so the mucus can’t out.
Classification of smoker
7. Why the doctor consider smoking eventhough he has stop smoking more than 5 years?
If the patient smoking, the coplication after years
Because his work
Smoke control the body
8. How the interpretation from spirometer examination?
FVC for measure of FEV1 is a volume of air can expiration during first 1 second to kvow
vital capacity, the result FVC decrease , if FVC decrease the diagnosis is abnormality
obstructive.
Inhalation anticolinergic: beta 2 agonis, bronchodilator, aseptilistain 600mg a day for 6 month
STEP 4
symptom
Fev 1
sign
copd patophysiology
Risk factor
classification
etiology
STEP 6