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Barno Grace
ABSTRACT
ARTICLE INFO
The purpose of this study was to establish
Article History: the effect of subsidized secondary education
Received 18th Dec, 2017 on quality of education. The study sought
Received in revised edition 28th Dec, 2017 to determine general teacher to student
Accepted 19th January 2018 ratio; teacher to student ratios in urban
Published online 19th January 2018 and rural schools, student to book ratio
Keywords: Quality, subsidized Secondary before and after implementation of
education, School subsidized secondary education and the
availability of physical facilities in
secondary schools in Eldoret East sub-County. The study adopted descriptive survey design. Sample
selection was made using stratified sampling, simple random sampling, and purposive sampling. Self-
administered questionnaires and document analysis were used to collect data. The data were analyzed
using descriptive statistics data, and the significance of the results determined using t-test at 95%
confidence level. The findings of this study revealed that the teacher to student ratio had increased
implying that with the increase in student enrolment the number of teachers had remained the same
(p≥0.5). The Government subsidy on textbooks had effectively improved the textbook to student ratio.
The study recommended that the government should increase the number of teachers and the available
teachers equitably distributed.
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Africa International Journal of Management Education and
Governance (AIJMEG) 3 (1) 11-16
ISSN: 2518-0827
As shown in the table, the general teacher: teacher to student ratio. There was an
student ratio was 1: 20; 1:21; 1:18; 1:23 in insignificant difference however at P=-
2006; 2007; 2008 and 2009 respectively. In 9.015 in the teacher-student ratio in urban
2006, the teacher: student ratio was 1:20 in schools showing that there was a low
rural schools whereas it was 1:12 in urban teacher to student ratio before subsidized
schools. In 2007 the teacher: student ratio secondary education.With the increase in
in rural schools was 1:22 and 1:13 in urban student enrolment, the number of teachers
schools. The teacher: student ratio in 2008 did not change, or the change was not
was 1:24 in rural schools and 1:17 in urban noticeable.
schools. In 2009, the teacher: student ratio Text Book to Student Ratio
in rural schools was 1:25 whereas it was As shown in Table 1.2,7.7% of the schools
1:20 in urban schools. The data shows that included in this study had attained a
there was a significant P= -3.147 general textbook: student ratio of 1:1. The
teachers to student ratio and rural teacher majority (38.5% ) of the respondents stated
to student ratio in the selected public that their schools had a ratio of 1:4
secondary schools in Eldoret East sub- whereas 23 % (3) and 15.4 % (2) had
county implying that with an increase in textbook: student ratio of 1:5 and above 1:5
enrolment the number of teachers respectively in the year 2006.
remained the same thus reducing the
Table 1.2 Textbook to student ratio
Ratio 2006 2007 2008 2009
F % F % F % F %
1:1 0 0 0 0 1 7.7 3 23.0
1:2 1 7.7 2 15.4 2 15.4 7 54.0
1:3 2 15.4 3 23.0 5 38.5 3 23.0
1:4 5 38.5 5 38.5 4 30.7 0 0
1:5 3 23.0 2 15.4 1 7.7 0 0
>1:5 2 15.4 1 7.7 0 0 0 0
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Africa International Journal of Management Education and
Governance (AIJMEG) 3 (1) 11-16
ISSN: 2518-0827
F % f % F % F % f % F %
Classrooms 38 19.0 68 34.0 59 29.5 30 15.0 5 2.5 200 100.0
Desks/chairs 27 13.5 74 37.0 67 33.5 27 13.5 5 2.5 200 100.0
Games facilities 22 11.0 32 16.0 73 36.5 56 28.0 17 8.5 200 100.0
Toilets 32 16.0 57 28.5 49 24.5 35 17.5 27 13.5 200 100.0
Laboratories 39 19.5 40 20.0 53 26.5 45 22.5 23 11.5 200 100.0
Space 53 26.5 62 31.0 38 19.0 29 14.5 18 9.0 200 100.0
The table shows that classroom was very insufficient were 22.5% and 11.5% of the
sufficient, sufficient and fairly sufficient respondents did not comment. Space was
according to 19.0%, 34.0% and 29.8% of the viewed as very sufficient and fairly
respondents respectively. Also, 15.0% of sufficient by 26.5%, 31.0% and 19.0% of the
the respondents reported the classrooms respondents while 14.5% were of the
were insufficient while the rest of the opinion that it was insufficient. The
respondents (2.5%) were not able to remaining 9.0% did not comment.
comment. Further, the table shows that
13.5%, 37.0% and 33.5% of the respondents DISCUSSION
reported that desks/chairs were very Research shows that high teacher to
sufficient, sufficient and fairly sufficient student ratio led to individual students
respectively. Those who reported that the receiving less attention. In such a scenario,
desks/chairs were insufficient were 13.5% teachers tend to focus on rote learning,
while those who could not comment were rather than on problem-solving skills
2.5%. At the same time, games facilities (Psacharopoulos & Woodhall, 1985). High
were reported by 11.0%, 16.0% and 36.5% pupil-teacher ratios can signify an
of the respondents as very sufficient, overstretched teaching staff, while low
sufficient and fairly sufficient respectively. ratios may represent additional capacity
The facilities were not sufficient according (UNESCO, 2006). With the increase in
to 28.0% while 8.5% of the respondents enrolment as a result of Subsidized
found it difficult to comment. Secondary Education, the government
should put in place strategies of
Further, the toilets were reported to be employing more teachers so that the
very sufficient, sufficient and fairly quality of education is assured.
sufficient by 16.0%, 28.5% and 24.5% of the The findings of this study also show that
respondents while those who felt they government subsidy on textbook had
were not sufficient were 17.5%. The effectively improved the textbook: student
remaining 13.5% could not comment. ratio. Availability of books and other
Concerning laboratories, 19.5%, 20.0% and printed materials in school classrooms and
26.5% of the respondents reported that libraries was associated with higher
they were very sufficient, sufficient and student performance in the language arts
fairly insufficient respectively. Those who (Heyneman, 2006; Mullis et al., 2003).
were of the view that the laboratories were Measures of the availability and use of
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Africa International Journal of Management Education and
Governance (AIJMEG) 3 (1) 11-16
ISSN: 2518-0827
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Africa International Journal of Management Education and
Governance (AIJMEG) 3 (1) 11-16
ISSN: 2518-0827
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