2010-2011

TUTORIAL SHEETS

FOR

CE 451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II

by

Dr. Ashok K. Jain

Professor of Civil Engineering

Distribution of marks

Course work = 15 marks

Practical course work = 15 marks
Mid term evaluation = 30 marks
End term evaluation = 40 marks

Marks will be awarded on the basis of work done in the

class room only
However, you are expected to complete all assignments within
2 weeks after the date of issue. Late submission carries zero.

2010

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
ROORKEE

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 REFERENCES

1. Any text book on reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete

2. IS:456-2000, IS:1343, IS:1893-2002, IS:13920-1993, SP:16 hand book, IS:875-part 3-
1987
3. IS:3370-2008 parts 1 and 2, and IS:11682-1985 on water tanks
4. IRC 5-2000, 6-2000, 21-2000 and other codes on concrete bridges

What are you expected to do in this course?

This is an advanced course on the design of RC structures. These structures consist of

several elements, like beam, column, slab, wall, footing etc. You need to do the following:

(1) Identify the elements and idealize the structure along with boundary conditions.
(2) Identify the various loads and load combinations.
(3) Estimate preliminary dimensions for the elements.
(4) Develop a computer model including boundary conditions
(5) Carry out appropriate manual and /or computer analysis and determine the
member forces and deflections for each load combination.
(6) Now design the various elements and prepare detailed drawings showing
reinforcement.

Steps (4) and (5) are most crucial in this course.

You are expected to refer only the latest Codes on a given topic.

You are also expected to learn the following software: SAP2000 , ETABS 2000,
STAAD Pro, Microstation or AutoCAD.

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 CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 1 – REVISION SHEET

Object: To revise the concept of load distribution among various structural members and assign
boundary conditions, and to learn the use of CAD software.

NOTE: 1. Assume suitable data, if necessary.

2. Draw detailed structural drawings in AutoCAD / Microstation on A2
sheets and submit hard copies with your name/batch/date etc.

Q.1. Design a two storey framed building shown in Fig.1. Discuss the structural arrangement
adopted.
Live load on floor = 2 kN/m2, Live load on balcony = 4 kN/m2
3m

2m 4m 2m 4m

PLAN ELEVATION
Fig. 1

Q.2. The general arrangement of a staircase on two columns for a 3 storey building is shown
in Fig. 2. Design a flight, landing, columns and footing and prepare detailed structural
drawings. Assume suitable data.
Riser = 120 mm
Live load = 4 kN/m2 , net safe bearing capacity of soil = 80 kN/m2 at 2 m depth

column
LANDING BEAM

1m 1m

30cm 3m 30cm
PL

PLAN ELEVATION
Fig. 2
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3. A simply supported RC beam has a clear span of 6.5 m and carries a superimposed dead load
and live load of 30 kN/m and 25 kN/m, respectively. Design the beam completely if its depth
is restricted to 50 cm. Assume suitable data. Plot its structural drawing on AutoCAD in A4
size.

4. A six storey building has a plan as shown in Fig. 3. Develop a 3D computer model using
SAP2000 or STAAD Pro and determine the total dead and live loads. Assume suitable data
and verify the loads manually in a tabular form. You are expected to become familiar with
the various features of the software for preparation of input data.

Fig. 3a Plan of a 6 storey building

Fig. 3b Perspective view of the building

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 CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 2 – PRESTRESSSED CONCRETE

Object: To understand the basic concept of Prestressed Concrete under service loads.

NOTE: Assume suitable data, if required.

1. A 30 cm x 50 cm beam is prestressed using M45 concrete, cube strength at transfer = 25

MPa. It carries a live load of 20 kN/m over a span of 8 m. Determine the eccentricity and
initial force of prestress by assuming suitable data.

2. Compute and draw the location of pressure line for a rectangular beam 30 cm x 40 cm
which is prestressed with a force of 600 kN at a constant eccentricity of 7 cm. The beam
carries uniform load of 20 kN/m over a span of 5 m.

3. A rectangular beam 30 cm x 50 cm has a span of 8 m. The prestressing cable has a

trapezoidal profile with zero eccentricity at ends and 70 mm at one-third points.
The effective prestress is 900 kN after all losses. Determine the value of equal point loads
the beam can support at the one-third points if the pressure line passes through the upper
kern of the section.

4. An I beam carries a superimposed dead load of 30 kN/m and live load of 40 kN/m over a
span of 10 m. Determine the sectional dimensions, final force of prestress and
eccentricity at mid span. Assume 25% loss in prestress.

5. A prestressed beam of 30 cm x 45 cm is axially prestressed by a tendon carrying an

effective force of 450 kN. The beam supports a uniform superimposed load of 15 kN/m
over a span of 8 m. Determine the principal stresses at the support section.

If this beam is also prestressed in the vertical direction with a stress of 6 MPa, determine
the principal stresses at the support section.

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 CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 3 – LOSS OF PRESTRESS

Object: To understand the magnitude of loss in prestress due to different factors.

1. A concrete beam 250 mm x 350 mm is pretensioned by 9 wires of 6 mm dia at an initial

stress of 1100 MPa with their centroid located at an eccentricity of 60 mm. Find the loss
of prestress due to elastic shortening, creep and shrinkage of concrete if there is a
relaxation of 10% of steel stress. Use the following data: M45 concrete with 70% stress at
transfer.

2. A post tensioned beam 350 mm x 550 mm is prestressed by a parabolic cable with an

eccentricity of 50 mm above the centroid at the support and an eccentricity of 80 mm
below the centroid at the midspan. Area of cables is 600 mm2 and the initial prestress is
1100 Mpa. Determine the force of prestress at the other and if its span is 15 m . Use µ =
0.65 and K = 0.0017/m

3. A beam 30 cm x 45 cm section is prestressed at a constant eccentricity of 10 cm. If the net

losses are 18% and final force of prestress is 900 kN, find the initial and final stresses due
to prestress alone.

4. An I section has the cross-section as shown in Fig.1 Determine the stresses due to rise
and fall of temperature as per IRC 6-2000. Take M50 grade concrete.

4500

4500x225

1500x125

1070
300x600

1200x120 Fig.1

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5. Determine the shrinkage loss in concrete for the following cable properties and
construction schedule as per IRC 18-2000.

Construction schedule
Days from casting
Stressing of Cables 7
Casting of Deck 12
Day of Start of Composite Action 21
Application of SIDL 30

Properties of cables

Modulus of Elasticity of steel = Es 19500000 t/m2

Area of one cable 0.0011844 m2
Number of cables 6
% of extra long term losses 20%
Strain due to residual shrinkage on 35th day = 0.0001855

6. Determine the loss due to relaxation of steel between 3 to 28 days for the following data using
Guyon’s method.

UTS of a prestressing cable = 275 t

No. of cables = 4.5
Long term relaxation loss factor = 1.10

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 CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 4–LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BEAMS

Object: To understand the design of prestressed beams under limit state of collapse.

1. A post-tensioned bonded beam of rectangular section 300 mm x 500 mm deep has an

effective cover of 70 mm. Determine the flexural strength of the section if it is
prestressed with 20-6 mm high tensile steel wires. Assume M60 concrete and 1600 grade
steel wires.

2. A pretensioned concrete beam of I cross-section carries a U.D.L. of 20 kN/m over a span

of 15 m. Design the section for the limit states of serviceability and collapse assuming
suitable data.

3. The cross-section of a prestressed beam is an I-section as shown in Fig.1. The area of H.T.
steel wires is 300 mm2. Determine the shear resistance of the section if it has developed
flexure cracks. Assume the following data: M45 concrete, 1500 grade steel, ultimate B.M.
at this section 300 kNm, ultimate shear force at this section -70 kN effective prestress –
1200 MPa .

200
50 150

150
400
50
200

350

Fig.1

4. A section of prestressed concrete beam 250 mm x 350 mm carries a factored S.F. of 150
kN and a factored B.M. of 50 kNm. The prestressing steel index is 0.38 and the effective
prestress is 800 Mpa, Compressive stress at the centroidal axis due to prestress is 7 Mpa.
Design suitable shear reinforcement. Assume M40 concrete, 1600 grade steel, Ap = 175
mm2 and effective depth = 300 mm.

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5. The end block of a post- tensioned beam 350 mm x 600 mm has three anchorages with
100 mm square bearing plates and a prestress of 250 kN applied to each plate. Design the
transverse reinforcement for bursting forces.

CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II

TUTORIAL 5 – TORSION AND REDISTRIBUTION

Object: To understand torsion in beams curved in plan and moment redistribution due to
plastification in statically indeterminate beams.

1. Design a section of a beam 40 cm x 60 cm subjected to a B.M of 150 kNm, twisting

moment of 20 kNm and a S.F of 100 kN at collapse. Use M25 mix and Fe415 grade steel.

2. A 30 cm x 45 cm ring beam curved in plan is supported on eight columns located

equidistant on a circle of 10 m dia. The dia of columns is 35 cm and factored load
intensity on the ring beam is 100 kN/m. Assume suitable data and design the ring beam.
Prepare detailed structural drawings using Microstation in A2 size.

3. A 40cm x 60cm foundation ring beam curved in plan is supported on 6 columns located
equidistant on a circle of 7m mean dia. If the service load intensity underneath the ring
beam is 125 kN/m and diameter of columns is 40cm, design the ring beam. Use M20
concrete and Fe415 grade. Prepare detailed structural drawings using Microstation in A2
size.

4. Sketch the B.M envelope after 30% maximum redistribution for a fixed ended beam
carrying 2 point loads of 20 kN each at one-third points and a U.D.L of 5 kN/m over a
span of 9 m.

5. A continuous beam has three spans each of 6m. The characteristic dead load is 10 kN/m
and live load is 18 kN/m. Draw the B.M envelope after a maximum of 15%
redistribution.

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 CE 451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 6 –MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS

Object: To understand computation of loads in multistory buildings, earthquake resistant

design, application of latest software for analysis and design, and detailing for ductility.

1. A 4-storey building has a typical frame as shown in Fig.1.

3@3.5m
4m
6m 4m 7m

Fig.1

(a) Assume suitable member sizes for a L.L of 3 kN/m2 and thickness of inner cross walls
is 115 mm and of outer cross walls is 230 mm. The spacing of frames is 4.5 m c/c.
(b) Analyze the frame for DL, LL and wind loads. The building is situated in Mussoorie.

2. Analyze the above frame for earthquake loads by seismic coefficient method as well as
response spectrum method. The frame spacing may be taken as 5 m c/c.

Note: Use either SAP2000 or STAAD pro available on the Institute server.
.
3. Sketch the detailing of reinforcement in beams, columns and beam-column junctions for
ductility as per IS:13920-1993.

4. Consider an inner beam –column joint in a building as shown in Fig. 2:

Grade of concrete - M20

Clear span of the beam – 4 m

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 Fig. 2

Beam size = 230 mm x 500 mm

1.75% steel at top
0.8% steel at bottom on either side of the joint.
Column size = 230 mm x 600 mm with 3% steel.
Slab thickness =150 mm
Wall thickness = 115 mm
Axial load in column = 900 kN
Live load on floor =3 kN/m2

Check if the joint satisfies weak girder strong column proportions assuming the column
bends about its (a) weak axis and (b) strong axis.
Check the shear capacity of beams and columns as per IS:13920-1993

5. The mass and stiffness properties of a 3 storey building together with its frequencies and
mode shapes are shown in Fig. 3. The building is located in seismic zone IV. Assume
suitable data if required. Using IS1893-2002 code, determine

(i) mode participation factors

(ii) modal mass
(iii) floor forces and storey shears
(iv) base shear

⎧11.62 ⎫ 1.0 1.0 1.0

⎪ ⎪
w = ⎨27.50⎬rad /sec 0 = 0.548 -1.52 -6.26
⎪45.90⎪
⎩ ⎭ 0.198 -0.87 12.10

m=2

k=600
2

k=1200
2
k=2400 Fig. 3

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 CE451 - DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES II
TUTORIAL 7 – CULVERT and T-BEAM BRIDGE

Object: To understand the distribution of loads in a slab culvert and T beam bridge and design
of superstructure of simple bridges.

1. A slab culvert has a clear span of 10 m and a clear roadway is for 4 lanes.

(a) Determine the effective width of slab for absolute maximum B.M due to
(i) IRC class AA tracked vehicle
(ii) IRC class AA wheeled vehicle
(iii) IRC class A tracked vehicle
(b) Determine the absolute maximum B.M in each case
(c) Determine the effective width for maximum S.F due to above vehicles as in (a).

2. A T-beam RC bridge has a clear span of 25 m and a clear road width of 7.6 m. There are 3
longitudinal girders (1.65 m deep) and 3 transverse beams. Depth of the deck slab is 220
mm. Analyse the slab and beams for IRC class A loading as per IRC-6 and dead load of
bridge. Assume suitable data.

(a) Determine the maximum B.M and S.F in a slab panel.

(b) Determine maximum B.M in a main beam
(c) Determine maximum B.M in a cross beam
(d) Determine maximum S.F in a main beam

Draw neat general arrangement of the bridge including crash barriers in plan and sectional
elevations using Microstation in A2 size.

3. Reanalyze Q.2 using grillage model and SAP2000 or STAAD software, and compare the
results.

4. The data for a three lane simply supported bridge superstructure is given. Determine the
maximum live load reactions and moments in the transverse direction in the abutment having
free bearing (End B). The center to center distance between the bearings is 18.04 m with 0.98 m
overhang on either side (total span 20 m). The width of the carriage way is 12.5 m. Consider the
following load cases:

1. One lane of class A

2. Three lanes of class A

The dead load reaction at abutment = 270 t

Depth of wearing coat = 65 mm
Depth of deck slab = 250 mm
Depth of girders = 1650 mm
Braking force acts @ 1.2 m above the wearing surface as per Cl 214.3 of IRC 6-2000.

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5. A three span continuous beam (25 m + 30 m + 25 m) carries 4 lanes (width of carriage way =
15m). Determine the longitudinal and transverse moments using stick analysis on a computer.

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 CE451- DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRCTURES – II
TUTORIAL 8 -WATER TANKS

Object: To understand design of a liquid retaining structure and reinforcement detailing.

1. The wall of a water tank is subjected to a direct tension of 150 kN and a B.M equal to 10
kNm. The thickness of wall is 30 cm. Find reinforcement.

2. Design a rectangular water tank for 200 kL capacity resting on ground. Choose suitable
dimensions. Safe bearing capacity of the soil is 80 kN/m2 at a depth of 1.5 m. Prepare
detailed structural drawings of the container using Microstation on A2 size sheets.

3. Design a circular water tank for 750 kL capacity with a dome roof. It is embedded in the
ground at a depth of 5 m. The water table is at a depth of 3 m. Safe bearing capacity of the
soil is 85 kN/m2 at 5 m depth and density of soil is 17 kN/m3. Assume suitable data.
Prepare detailed structural drawings of the container using Microstation on A2 size sheets.

4. Design a overhead circular water tank of 250 kL capacity having a staging of 15 m.

Provide stair case on a single column. The tank is to be built in Mussoorie and safe bearing
capacity of soil may be taken as 100 kN/m2 at 2 m depth. Prepare detailed structural
drawings of the container, staging and foundation using Microstation on A2 size sheets.

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