Reported by:

Emma H. Palco,RN
•Dorothy E. Johnson
was born August
21, 1919, in
Savannah, Georgia.
•B. S. N. from
Vanderbilt University in
Nashville, Tennessee, in
1942; and her M.P.H.
from Harvard
University in Boston in
1948.
•From 1949 till retirement in 1978
she was an assistant professor of
pediatric nursing, an associate
professor of nursing, and a
professor of nursing at the
University of California in Los
Angeles.
•Johnson stressed the importance
of research-based knowledge
about the effect of nursing care on
clients.
Behavior
system
model
•Dorothy first proposed her
model of nursing care in 1968
as fostering of “the efficient
and effective behavioral
functioning in the patient to
prevent illness".
•She also stated that nursing
was “concerned with man as
an integrated whole and this is
the specific knowledge of
order we require”.
• In 1980 Johnson published
her conceptualization of
“behavioral system of model
for nursing”where she explains
her definitions of the
behavioral system model.
She defined nursing as
“an external regulatory
force which acts to
preserve the organization
and integration of the
patients behaviors at an
optimum level under
those conditions in which
the behaviors constitutes
a threat to the physical or
social health, or in which
illness is found”
Four goals of nursing are to assist the patient:
1.Whose behavior commensurate with social demands.
2. Who is able to modify his behavior in ways that it supports
biological imperatives.
3. Who is able to benefit to the fullest extent during illness from
the physicians knowledge and skill.
4. Whose behavior does not give evidence of unnecessary trauma
as a consequence of illness .
There are several layers
of assumptions that
Johnson makes in the
development of
conceptualization of the
behavioral system model
viz.
* Assumptions about
system
* Assumptions about
structure
* Assumptions about
functions
Assumptions about system
There are 4 assumptions of system
1. First, there is “organization, interaction,
interdependency and integration of the parts
and elements of behaviors that go to make up
the system ”
2. A system “tends to achieve a balance
among the various forces operating within
and upon it', and that man strive continually
to maintain a behavioral system balance and
steady state by more or less automatic
adjustments and adaptations to the natural
forces impinging upon him.”
3.A behavioral system, which both requires
and results in some degree of regularity and
constancy in behavior, is essential to man that
is to say, it is functionally significant in that it
serves a useful purpose, both in social life and
for the individual.
4.Last, “system balance reflects adjustments
and adaptations that are successful in some
way and to some degree.”.
1. DRIVE OR GOAL
The ultimate consequence of behavior.
2. SET
 Tendency or predisposition
to act in a certain way
•PREPARATORY- What a
person usually attend to.
•PERSEVERATION/
PERSEVERATIVE- The habits
that one maintain in a
situation.
•CHOICE- Represent the
behavior a patient sees
herself as being able to use in
any given situation.
3. ACTION
The beahvior of an individual
THE 3 FUNCTIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
 From noxious influence with
which system cannot cope
 Through the aspect of
appropriate supplies.
 To enhance growth and prevent
stagnation.
 PROTECTION

SIMULATION
NURTURANCE
Johnson’s Behavioral
Subsystem
 1.Attachment or affiliative
subsystem
social inclusion intimacy and the
formation and attachment of a strong social
bond.
2.Dependency subsystem

approval, attention or
recognition and physical
assistance
3. Ingestive subsystem

the emphasis is on the meaning

and structures of the social
events surrounding the occasion
when the food is eaten
4. Eliminative subsystem
human cultures have
defined different socially
acceptable behaviors for
excretion of waste ,but
the existence of such a
pattern remains
different from culture to
Culture.
5. Sexual subsystem

both biological and

social factor affect the
behavior in the sexual
subsystem
6. Aggressive subsystem

it relates to the behaviors

concerned with protection and self
preservation Johnson views
aggressive subsystem as one that
generates defensive response from
the individual when life or territory
is being threatened
7. Achievement subsystem

provokes behavior that

attempt to control the
environment
intellectual, physical, creative, me
chanical and social skills
achievement are some of the
areas that Johnson recognizes
Goal ----- Set --- Choice of Behavior --- Behavior
* PERSON
 As behavioral system with patterned,
repetitive and purposeful ways of bahaving that
link the person with environment.
* HEALTH
 As an elusive, dynamic state influence
by biological, psycho;ogical and social
factors.
* ENVIRONMENT
 All the factors that are not part
of the individuals behavioral system
but that influence the system.
* NURSING
 Is an external force thatacts to
preserve the organization and
integration of the patients’ behavior
to an optimal level by means of
emposing temporary regulatory
control mechanism.
TWO MAJOR SYSTEM
MEDICINE’S FOCUS
NURSING’S FOCUS
THANK YOU!