ANSWERS

QUESTION 1

ai)

Heat lost by the water vapour is gained by the soda can. It must be assumed that the water vapour
is saturated. When it condenses, it will release the latent energy of vaporization.

aii)

2260J/g X 9.8g =2 2148J or 22.1kJ

aiii)

This energy is aborbed by the soda can.

QUESTION 2

a) T1 – melting, T2 – boiling

bi) BC

bii) DE

ci) AB-solid

cii) BC-solid/liquid

ciii) CD-liquid

civ) DE- liquid gas

QUESTION 3

ai & ii)

PV = nRT

Thus, n = PV/RT = (2.09atm X 2.35L)/(0.0821 L atm/mol K X (37+273))

n = 0.193 moles Molar mass = 12.3g/0.193moles

Molar mass = 63.7g/mole

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bi)

No.of moles of H2 = 0.500

No. of moles of O2 = 0.300

No. of moles of CO2 = 1.200

Total No. of moles (n) = 0.500 + 0.300 + 1.200 = 2.000

Mole fraction of O2 = 0.300/1.200 = 0.25

Temp. (T) = 273 + 25 = 298 K

Total Press. (P) = 2.00 atm.

Vol. of cylinder = P/nRT = 2.00/2.000 X 0.0821 X 298 = 0.041 L

bii)

Partial press. of O2 = 0.25x2.00 = 0.500 atm

QUESTION 4

i)

Atomic radius decreases across a period because valence electrons are being added to the same
energy level at the same time the nucleus is increasing in protons. The increase in nuclear charge
attracts the electrons more strongly, pulling them closer to the nucleus

ii)

The first ionisation energy generally increases on going across a period. This is because on
crossing a period, more protons are being added to the nuclei of the atoms. This results in an
increase in nuclear charge. The electrons in the outer energy levels will be more tightly held, and
more difficult to remove.

iii)

Oxygen has 8 electrons in its non-ionic state; Fluorine has 9 electrons in its non-ionic ground
state. The word affinity is used to describe the ability or ‘desire’ of an atom to fill its shells with
the right number of electrons. An individual Oxygen atom is quite happy to accept one electron
forming a negative ion. It has to be coerced to accept a second one, leaving it very well primed to
give that electron up.

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QUESTION 5

1.406 moles of O2 would react completely with 1.406 x (2/17) = 0.1654 mol C6H10, but there is
more C6H10 present than that, so C6H10 is in excess and O2 is the limiting reactant.

ai)

Cyclohexene

aii)

(1.406 mol O2) x (12 mol CO2 / 17 mol O2) x (44.00964 g CO2/mol) = 44 g CO2

b)

(35 g) / (44 g) = 0.80 = 80% yield CO2

QUESTION 6

a)

Linear is HDPE as straight chains pack better.