Tower

Rogina Hanna and Madeleine Munoz

9C GAT

Mr. Acre

1 June 2016
 Hanna – Munoz 1

Tower

Introduction:

One dark day in May, a millionaire decided that they wanted their own tower. They hired

two people that had the brains and creativity to fill the task of doing all of the math and building

the tower.

The wanted design was a Hawaiian hut. Also, the millionaire wanted an aquarium

underneath the floor to make it seem as if they were walking on water. If all the requirements

were not met, the tower would not be accepted.

The millionaire wanted a ten sided tower and had the plot size available of 43 by 43 feet.

The tower was to be built using all of the available space possible, while also staying within the

local rules. The tower also had to be built perpendicular above the available plot. The aquarium

also has to be built within the floor, while keeping a stable and strong foundation. Along with

one foot thick walls, there are several more sizing requirements that needed to be met to be

acceptable.
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Part Two

Figure 1. Base of the Tower in the Plot

Figure 1, above, shows the base of the tower in the plot. The base is made out of the four

polygons that will be shown in the upcoming figures. The polygons are used to show the footings

and the outer and inner walls.

Maximize the plot= Plot size-6

Maximized plot= 43-6 x 43-6
Maximized plot= 37 x 37
Figure 2. Maximizing the Plot

In Figure 2, the process of maximizing the plot is explained. To get the maximum

working space of 37 x 37, three feet were subtracted from each side within the plot, since the

tower cannot be built three feet within the boundaries of the plot. The maximized plot size is now

37 x 37 feet.

Central angle= 360/n

Central angle= 360/10
Central angle= 36°
Figure 3. Calculating the Central Angle Measure

In Figure 3, the central angle formula is displayed. This helped to find the central angle of

the given polygon. The central angle measure was found by dividing 360 by the number of sides

(n) in the polygon. For the given polygon, 360 was divided by 10, resulting in a central angle
 Hanna – Munoz 3

measure of 36°. The central angle of this polygon is used to find further measurements, like

heights and bases of the four polygons.

Figure 4. The Outermost Polygon Measurements

In Figure 4, the sides that are going to be used in the following figures to calculate the

heights of the triangles are shown. This polygon is also known as polygon one. The length of one

side of the polygon is 2x, which is also the base used to find the height (h in Figure 4) of the

triangle in order to find the area of the entire polygon. All of this will be calculated in the

following figures.

Height of Triangle= (hypotenuse of one triangle)*(cosine of central angle/2)

Htriangle= (18.5)*(cos(18))
Htriangle≈ 17.59 ft.
Figure 5. Height of One Triangle

Figure 5 shows how to find the height of the triangle shown in Figure 4. Half of the

central angle, which is 36°, was found to be 18°. The cosine (adjacent divided by hypotenuse) of

that angle was multiplied by the hypotenuse of the triangle, so the height of the triangle (adjacent

side to reference angle) could be found.

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Base of Triangle= 2((hypotenuse of one triangle)*(sine of angle))

Btriangle= 2((18.5)*(sin(18)))
Btriangle≈ 2(5.72)
Btriangle≈ 11.43 ft.
Figure 6. Base of One Triangle

Figure 6 displays the process of calculating the base of one triangle. The sine (opposite

divided by hypotenuse) of 18 degrees is used. To find the base, the hypotenuse (18.5) was

multiplied by both sides. This means that the sine of 18 degrees was multiplied by 18.5, which is

5.72. This product was then multiplied by two to get the base of one triangle, which is now 11.43

ft.

Area of Polygon 1= 10(1/2(b*h))

A P1= 10(1/2(2((18.5)(sin(18))))*(18.5)(cos(18)))
A P1≈ 10((1/2(11.43)(17.59)))
A P1≈ 1005.85 ft2
Figure 7. Area of Polygon One

The way to calculate the area of one triangle in polygon one is displayed in Figure 7. The

area is 10 times one of the triangles area which is ½(base*height). The substitutions in the

equation are the 10(1/2)(the base found in Figure 6)*(the height found in Figure 5). The area

found from one triangle is 100.59. This product is then multiplied by ten, which results the final

area of polygon three which is 1005.85 ft2.

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Figure 8. Polygon Two Measurements

Figure 8 shows the outermost polygon or polygon 2. The length of one side and the

height of one triangle in polygon 2 are used to find the area of polygon 2. The base of the

triangle (x in figure 8) is used to find half the side length of the complete polygon. The height of

one triangle (h in figure 8) is drawn from the center of the polygon to one vertex of the polygon.

Height of Triangle= ((hypotenuse of one triangle)*(cosine of central angle/2))-1

Htriangle= ((18.5)*(cos(18)))-1
Htriangle≈ 16.59 ft.
Figure 9. Height of One Triangle in Polygon Two

In Figure 9, the process of finding the height of one triangle in polygon two is displayed.

Half of the central angle, which is 36°, was found to be 18°. To scale down from polygon one,

the height found was subtracted by one foot because each polygon is exactly one foot apart, so

the height of one triangle in polygon two is 16.59 feet.

Base of Triangle= 2((height of one triangle)*(tangent of angle))

Btriangle= 2((16.59)*(tan(18)))
Btriangle≈ 2(5.39)
Btriangle≈ 10.78 ft.
Figure 10. Base of One Triangle in Polygon Two
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Figure 10 displays the process of calculating the base of one triangle. The tangent of 18 is

used because the angle that is known is 18 degrees and the opposite side from the angle is being

found so tangent, opposite/adjacent is easiest to use. The tangent is then multiplied by the

adjacent side which is also known as the height found in Figure 9. Then everything is multiplied

by two because only half of the triangle was being used to find one half of the base. The final

length of the base of one triangle in polygon two is approximately 10.78 ft.

Area of Polygon 2= 10(1/2(b*h))

A P2= 10((1/2(2(tan(18)*(cos(18)*18.5)-1)))*18.5*cos(18)-1
A P2≈ 10((1/2)(10.78)(16.59)))
A P2≈ 894.76 ft.2
Figure 11. Area of Polygon 2

The area is 10 times one of the triangles area which is ½(base*height). The substitutions

in the equation are the 10(1/2)(the base found in Figure 10)*(the height found in Figure 9). The

area found from one triangle is 89.48 and then that is multiplied by ten which get the final area of

polygon three which is 894.76 ft2.

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Figure 12. Polygon 3

Figure 12 shows the third outermost polygon or polygon 3. The length of one side and the

height of one triangle in polygon 3 are used to find the area of polygon 3. The base of the

triangle (x in figure 12) is used to find half the side length of the complete polygon. The height

of one triangle (h in figure 12) is drawn from the center of the polygon to one vertex of the

polygon.

Height of Triangle= (hypotenuse of one triangle)*(cosine of central angle/2)-2

Htriangle= ((18.5)*(cos(18)))-2
Htriangle≈ 15.59 ft.
Figure 13. Height of One Triangle

Figure 13 shows how to find the height of the triangle shown in Figure 12. Half of the

central angle, which is 36°, was found to be 18°. The cosine (adjacent divided by hypotenuse) of

that angle was multiplied by the hypotenuse of the triangle, so the height of the triangle (adjacent

side to reference angle) could be found.

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Base of Triangle= 2*(tan(18)*((cos(18)*18.5)-2))

Btriangle= 2*(tan(18)*15.59)
Btriangle≈ 2*(5.07)
Btriangle≈ 10.13 ft.
Figure 14. Base of One Triangle

Figure 14 displays the process of calculating the base of one triangle. The tangent of 18 is

used because the angle that is known is 18 degrees and the opposite side from the angle is being

found so tangent, opposite/adjacent is easiest to use. The tangent is then multiplied by the

adjacent side which is also known as the height found in Figure 13. Then everything is

multiplied by two because only half of the triangle was being used to find one half of the base.

The final length of the base in polygon three is 10.13 ft.

Area of Polygon 3= 10(1/2(b*h))

A P3= 10((1/2((tan(18)*(cos(18)*18.5)-2))*18.5*cos(18)-2
A P3≈ 10((1/2(10.13)(15.59)))
A P3≈ 790.17 ft.2
Figure 15. Area of Polygon Three

The area is 10 multiplied by one of the triangles’ area which is ½(base*height). The

substitution in the equation are the 10(1/2)(the base found in Figure 14)*(the height found in

Figure 13). The area found from one triangle is 79.02. This product is then multiplied by ten,

which results in the final area of polygon three, 790.17 ft2.

 Hanna – Munoz 9

Figure 16. Polygon 4

Figure 16 shows the innermost polygon or polygon 4. The length of one side and the

height of one triangle in polygon 4 are used to find the area of polygon 4. The base of the

triangle (x in Figure 16) is used to find half the side length of the complete polygon. The height

of one triangle (h in Figure 16) is drawn from the center of the polygon to one vertex of the

polygon.

Height of Triangle= (hypotenuse of one triangle)*(cosine of central angle/2)-3

Htriangle= ((18.5)*(cos(18)))-3
Htriangle≈ 14.59 ft.
Figure 17. Height of One Triangle

Figure 17 shows how to find the height of the triangle shown in Figure 16. Half of the

central angle, which is 36°, was found to be 18°. The cosine (adjacent divided by hypotenuse) of

that angle was multiplied by the hypotenuse of the triangle and then three is subtracted because

there is one foot in from each polygon, so the height of the triangle (adjacent side to reference

angle) could be found.

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Base of Triangle= 2*(tan(18)* ((18.5)*(cos(18)))-3

Btriangle= 2*(tan(18)*14.59)
Btriangle≈ 2*(4.74)
Btriangle≈ 9.48 ft.
Figure 18. Base of One Triangle in Polygon Four

Figure 18 displays the process of calculating the base of one triangle. The tangent of 18 is

used because the angle that is known is 18 degrees and the opposite side from the angle is being

found so tangent, opposite/adjacent is easiest to use. The tangent is then multiplied by the

adjacent side which is also known as the height found in Figure 17. Everything is then multiplied

by two, because only half of the triangle was being used to find one half of the base. The final

length of the base in polygon four is 10.13 ft.

Area of Polygon 4= 10(1/2(b*h))

A P4= 10((1/2((tan(18)*(cos(18)*18.5)-3))*18.5*cos(18)-2
A P4≈ 10((1/2(9.48)(14.59)))
A P4≈ 692.08 ft.2
Figure 19. Area of Polygon Four

The area is 10 multiplied by one of the triangles’ area, which is ½(base*height). The

substitutions in the equation are 10(1/2)(the base found in Figure 18)*(the height found in Figure

17). The area found from one triangle is 69.21. This product is then multiplied by ten, which

results in the final area of polygon three, 692.08 ft2.

Part Three
 Hanna – Munoz 11

Figure 20. Footing

Figure 20 shows the footing. It was three feet wide extending from polygon 1 to polygon

4. It was 3.5 feet deep to fit the pool. The length of the inner base which is polygon 4 was

previously found to have a base of feet 10.13 feet and the length of the outer base, or polygon 1,

was previously found to have a base of 11.43 feet.

Volume of Footing= (A of P1*height of prism)-(A of P4*height of prism)

V of footing= (1005.85*3.5)-(692.08*3.5)

V of footing= 3520.475-2422.28

V of footing≈ 1098.181 ft3

Figure 21. Volume of Concrete for the Footing

Figure 21 shows the volume of concrete for the footing. The volume is found by doing

the area of polygon 1 and multiplying that by 3.5 then subtracting the area of polygon 4 times

3.5. It is multiplied by 3.5 because as shown in Figure 20, that is the height of the footing. So

when the areas are plugged in from part 2, it becomes (1005.85*3.5)-(692.08*3.5). When the

math is done the final volume of 1098.181 ft3 is found so that is how much concrete was needed.
 Hanna – Munoz 12

Figure 22. Floor

Figure 22 above shows the floor. It had to cover all of polygon 4 so the base of each side

is 10.13 feet. It also had to be 4 inches thick.

Volume of Floor= A of P4*Hprism

V of floor=692.08*1/3

V of floor≈230.694 ft3
Figure 23.Volume of the Plexiglass needed for Floor

Figure 23 shows the volume of the floor. The floor extended to polygon 4 and was 4

inches thick, as shown in figure 22. Since everything was in feet, the 4 inches was converted to

feet which is 1/3 of a foot. Using that information the numbers were plugged into the equation to

find the volume of (area of base)(height of prism) can be used. The area of polygon 4 which was

previously found in figure 14 was 692.08 and when multiplied by ⅓ the volume of the floor was

found to be about 230.694 feet3.

 Hanna – Munoz 13

Figure 24. Dimensions of Aquarium

Figure 24 shows the dimensions needed to construct the aquarium. The aquarium had to

be located inside the footing of polygon 4 so it was 3.5 feet deep with a side length of 10.13 feet.

Volume of Water= (75%*Hprism)*A of P4

V of water=(0.75*3.5)692.08

V of water≈1816.714 ft3
Figure 25. Volume of Water Needed for Aquarium

Figure 25 shows the volume of the water needed for the aquarium. The aquarium needed

to be 75% filled. To find the volume of water 75% of 3.5 was needed to be multiplied by the area

of polygon 4 previously found as 692.08. To find the height .75 was multiplied by 3.5 to find

75% of 3.5. When the equation, (0.75*3.5)692.08 was solved the volume of water needed for

the aquarium was found to be approximately 1816.714 feet3.

Cost of Concrete= (Vfooting*115)/27

Cost of Concrete= (1098.181*115)/27

Cost of Concrete=$4715
Figure 26. Cost Analysis of Concrete needed

Figure 26 shows how the cost of the concrete was found. The concrete is sold for $115

per cubic yard. So the volume of the footing found in Figure 21, which was 1098.181 feet3, was
 Hanna – Munoz 14

multiplied by 115, the cost of the concrete. That was then divided by 27 to convert it into feet.

That was then rounded up because only a part of a bag of concrete cannot be bought, the whole

bag has to be. When the math was solved the cost of the concrete was $4715.

Cost of Plexiglas=(A of P4/32)*1100

Cost of Plexiglas=(692.08/32)*1100

Cost of Plexiglas=21.63*1100

Cost of Plexiglas=$24200
Figure 27. Cost Analysis of Plexiglas needed

Figure 27 shows how much the plexiglass would cost. For each 48” x 96” x 4” sheet of

plexiglass the cost was $1100. Since the plexiglass being sold and the height of the plexiglass for

floor had the same thickness, the width can be disregarded. The plexiglass that was used needed

to be converted from inches into feet so 48 and 96 were divided by 12 making it 4’ x 8’. When 4

and 8 are multiplied together it is a total of 32 feet. Now the the area of polygon 4, found

previously as 692.08 ft2, which was can be divided by 32 and multiplied by the cost which was

1100.The cost was rounded up to $24200 because only a part of a sheet cannot be purchased.

Part Four

Height of Rectangle= 5 ft.

Width of Rectangle= 3 ft.

Height of One Triangle in Polygon≈ 1.43 ft.

Length of One Side of Polygon≈ .93 ft.

Figure 28. Dimensions of the Door

 Hanna – Munoz 15

Figure 28 shows the side lengths of the rectangle and half of the polygon in the door. The

base/width of the door was required to be three feet wide. The height of the door was required to

be five feet high. The polygon is the same shaped polygon as the base of the tower. The

radius/hypotenuse of one triangle in the polygon is half of the width of the door, which would be

1.5 ft. The length of one side of the polygon was found to be .93 ft., which will be explained in

the following figures.

Base of One Triangle= 2(1.5*cos(18))

Btriangle≈ 2(.46)
Btriangle≈ .93 ft.
Figure 29. Base of One Triangle in Half Decagon

Half of the decagon topped the door, above the rectangular part of the door. To find the

area of this half decagon, the base and height of one triangle in the polygon need to be found.

Since the radius is also the hypotenuse of one triangle in the decagon, the sine of 18 could be

used. 1.5 is multiplied by the sine of 18 to find the base. Doing this resulted in

approximately .46. This number was then multiplied by two because it only counted as half of

the base of one triangle in the polygon. When this was done, the final base of the triangle was

found to be approximately .93 ft. This base is also the length of one side of the decagon.

Height of One Triangle= 1.5*cos(18)

Htriangle≈ 1.43 ft.
Figure 30. Height of One Triangle in Half Decagon

The cosine (adjacent divided by hypotenuse) of 18 degrees can be used to find the height

of one triangle in half of the polygon. The hypotenuse was found to be 1.5. This was then

multiplied by cos(18) to find the remaining side, which is the height. Doing this resulted in the

height being approximately 1.43 ft.

 Hanna – Munoz 16

Area of Half Polygon= 5(1/2(base)(height))

AHP= 5(1/2(2(1.5*sin(18)))(1.5cos(18)))
AHP≈ 5(1/2(.93)(1.43))
AHP≈ 5(0.66)
AHP≈ 3.31 ft2
Figure 31. Area of Half Decagon

The area of the half decagon is solved in Figure 31. The formula for area of a triangle

was used. This formula is ½(base*height). The base of the triangle from Figure 29 and the height

of the triangle in Figure 30 were multiplied then multiplied by ½. This resulted in the final

product of .66. This number was then multiplied by five, since there were five of these triangles

in the half decagon. The final area of the half decagon was found to be approximately 3.31 ft2.

Area of Door= (base*height)+(5(½base*height))

Adoor= (5*3)+(5(½*0.93*1.43))
Adoor≈ 18.31 ft2
Figure 32. Area of the Door

In Figure 32, the process of finding the area of the whole door is displayed. The

dimensions of the rectangular part of the door is five feet by three feet. The area of the

rectangular part of the door can be found by multiplying base by height, which results in 15. This

area was then added to the area of the half decagon that tops the door, found in Figure 31. The

final area of the door was found to be about 18.31 ft2.

Height of One Triangle in Polygon≈ 1.43 ft.

Length of One Side of Polygon≈ .93 ft.

Figure 33. Dimensions of One Window

 Hanna – Munoz 17

The dimensions of one window on the tower is displayed. The height of one triangle in

the polygon was about 1.43 ft. The length of one side of the polygon was about .93 ft. The way

these numbers were found will be explained in the following figures.

Area of Windows= 2(10(1/2(base)(height)))

Awindows≈ 2(10(1/2(.93)(1.43)))
Awindows≈ 2(6.61)
Awindows≈ 13.23 ft2
Figure 34. Area of Two Windows

Figure 34 shows the total area of the windows. At least two windows were required. To

find the area, the area formula of a triangle was used which is ½(base*height). The base found in

Figure 29 and the height found in Figure 30 were multiplied by each other, then multiplied by

1/2. This product was then multiplied by ten since there are ten of these individual triangles in

one decagon. This resulted in the area of approximately 6.61 ft2 for one decagonal window. This

value was then multiplied by two since there are two windows being built, resulting in the area of

about 13.23 ft2.

Base≈ 10.78 ft.

Height≈ 21.57 ft.

Figure 35. One Lateral Face of Outer Prism

Figure 35 shows the dimensions of one lateral face of the outer prism. The base is also

the length of one side of polygon two, which is approximately 10.78 ft. The height was found to
 Hanna – Munoz 18

be approximately 21.57 ft. The way the height was calculated will be explained in the following

figure.

Height of Prism= 2(Base)

Hprism≈ 2(10.78)
Hprism≈ 21.57 ft.
Figure 36. Height of One Lateral Face of Outer Prism

The height was required to be two times the length of one side of polygon two. This

means that 10.78 was multiplied by two to get the final height of the prism to be approximately

21.57 feet. These dimensions of one lateral face will be used in the following figure to calculate

areas.

Lateral Surface Area= 10(base*height)-(Awindows+Adoor)

LSA≈ 10(10.78*21.57)-(13.23+18.31)
LSA≈ 10(232.58)-(31.53)
LSA≈ 2325.80-31.53
LSA≈ 2294.27 ft2
Figure 37. Lateral Surface Area of Outer Prism

Figure 37 shows the process of calculating the lateral surface area of the outer prism. To

get the area of one lateral face, 10.78 and 21.57 were multiplied by each other since they were

found to be the base and height of one face in the previous figure. The product of this was found

to be approximately 232.58. This was then multiplied by ten since there are ten lateral faces on

the prism. The total lateral surface area of the prism is now 2325.80 ft2. The areas of windows

and door found in Figure 32 and Figure 34 have to be subtracted from this area. The area of the

two windows is approximately 13.23 ft2. This was added to the area of the door, which is about

18.31 ft2. The sum of the areas is approximately 31.53 ft2. When this was subtracted from

2325.80, the final lateral surface area of the outer prism was found to be approximately 2294.27

ft2.
 Hanna – Munoz 19

Part Five

Base of One Lateral Face≈ 10.13 ft.

Height of One Lateral Face≈ 21.57 ft.

Figure 38. Dimensions of the Inner Prism

The base of polygon three was used to find the base of one lateral face of the inner prism,

which is approximately 10.13 ft. The height found in Figure 36 was used as the height of this

face, which is approximately 21.57 ft.

Volume= Abase*Hprism
V≈ (10(1/2(10.13)(15.59)))*(21.57)
V≈ 17042.09 ft3
Figure 39. Volume of Inner Prism

Figure 39 shows the process of calculating the volume of the inner prism. The area of the

base, which is polygon three (also found in Figure 15), was multiplied by the height of the prism,

which is the height found in Figure 36. When these were multiplied by each other, the resulting

volume of the inner prism was found to be approximately 17042.09 ft3.

 Hanna – Munoz 20

Part Six

Height of Outer Pyramid≈ 32.35 ft.

Slant Height of One Triangle≈ 36.36 ft.

Base of One Triangle≈ 10.78 ft.

Figure 40. Dimensions of the Outer Pyramid

Figure 40 displays the dimensions of the outer pyramid. The height of the pyramid

was found to be about 32.35 ft. The slant height of one triangle of the pyramid was found to be

about 36.36 ft. The base of one triangle, which is also the length of one side of polygon two, was

found to be about 10.78 ft. The calculations of the height and slant height will be explained in the

following figures.

Height= Side Length*3

H≈ 10.78*3
H≈ 32.35 ft.
Figure 41. Height of the Outer Pyramid
The height was required to be three times the side length of polygon two. This means

that the side length of 10.78 found in Figure 10 was multiplied by three to get the final height of

the outer pyramid to be approximately 32.35 ft.

 Hanna – Munoz 21

Height of Right Triangle≈ 32.35 ft.

Base of Right Triangle≈ 16.59 ft.

Θ= Angle Measure

Figure 42. Indicated Angles

Figure 42 displays the angle that is going to be solved for in the following figure in

the red angle indicator.

tanΘ= opposite side/adjacent side

tanΘ≈ 32.35/16.59
Θ≈ tan-1(32.35/16.59)
Θ≈ 62.84°
Figure 43. Measure of Angle in Previous Figure

The angle indicated in Figure 42 was solved for its measure in this figure. Since Θ is

the reference angle, the opposite side is the height of the pyramid found in Figure 42, which is

32.35 ft. The adjacent side to Θ is 16.59 ft., which was found in Figure 9. The trig function

tangent can be used to solve for Θ, the missing angle measure. Tangent of Θ equals opposite side

divided by adjacent side. This means that tangent of Θ is equal to 32.35 divided by 16.59. The

inverse of tangent was then multiplied by each side of the equation to isolate Θ. This resulted in

Θ being equal to approximately 62.84°.

 Hanna – Munoz 22

Figure 44. Slant Height of One Triangle of Outer Pyramid

The height of one triangle on the outer pyramid is also known as the slant height of

the pyramid. This slant height will be solved in the following figure.

cos(62.84)= adjacent/hypotenuse
cos(62.84)≈ 16.59/h
h*cos(62.84)≈ 16.59
h≈ 16.59/cos(62.84)
h≈ 36.36 ft.
Figure 45. Slant Height of the Outer Pyramid

This figure displays the process of calculating the slant height of the outer pyramid.

The previous figure shows that the reference angle being used is the angle that was solved for in

Figure 43. With the trig function cosine, the adjacent side to the reference angle and the

hypotenuse of the right triangle are used. The adjacent side is 16.59, which was found in Figure

9. The hypotenuse, also known as the slant height, is what is being solved for. The cosine of

62.84° was set equal to 16.59 divided by the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse was multiplied by both

sides to isolate the adjacent side (16.59). This means that the hypotenuse multiplied by the cosine
 Hanna – Munoz 23

of 62.84° is equal to 16.59. The cosine of 62.84° is now divided from both sides, to isolate the

hypotenuse. This means that the hypotenuse is equal to 16.59 divided by the cosine of 62.84°.

This results in the hypotenuse being equal to approximately 36.36 ft. Since the hypotenuse is

also the slant height, this means that the slant height is approximately 36.36 ft.

Part Seven

1
Slant Height≈ 36.36 ft.

Base≈ 10.78 ft.

Angle One≈ 16.87°

Angle Two≈ 81.56°

2 2

Figure 46. Angle Measures and Dimensions of Lateral Face on Outer Pyramid

The slant height of the pyramid is the height of one lateral triangle face of the outer

pyramid. The base was the side length of polygon two found in Figure 10. This base was cut in

half to act as the base within one right triangle. Angle One was found by doubling the angle

found within one right triangle, which came out to be approximately 16.87°. Angle Two was

found within the same right triangle, being approximately 81.56°. The calculations to these

resulting angle measures will be explained in the following figures.

 Hanna – Munoz 24

tan(Θ)= opposite/adjacent
tan(Θ)≈ 36.36/5.39
Θ≈ tan-1(36.36/5.39)
Θ≈ 81.59°
Figure 47. Angle Two Measure

The measure of angle two was found and displayed in this figure. The reference angle

in this case is Θ. Since the opposite side and adjacent side to the reference angle are known, the

trig function tangent can be operated. The tangent of Θ is set equal to 36.36 divided by 5.39. The

adjacent side is the base of the triangle divided by two to get the base of a single right triangle.

The inverse of tangent is then multiplied by both sides of the equation to isolate Θ. This means

that Θ is equal to the inverse of tangent multiplied by 36.36 divided by 5.39. The missing angle

measure was found to be approximately 81.59°.

tan(Θ)= opposite/adjacent
tan(Θ)≈ 5.39/36.36
Θ≈ tan-1(5.39/36.36)
Θ≈ 8.44°
Figure 48. Half of Measure of Angle One

The process of calculating the measure of angle one is very similar to the process for

angle two. The reference angle is Θ. The opposite and adjacent sides are already known, which

means that the trig function tangent is going to be used. The tangent of Θ is set equal to 5.39

divided by 36.36. The inverse of tangent is then multiplied by both sides of the equation to

isolate Θ. This means that Θ is equal to the inverse of tangent multiplied by 5.39 divided by

36.36. The missing angle measure was found to be approximately 8.44°.

Angle 1= 2(8.44)
Angle 1= 16.87°
Figure 49. Measure of Angle One

The figure above shows the final measure of angle one. The previous figure showed

the calculation for only half of this angle since it dealt with only one right triangle out of the two
 Hanna – Munoz 25

of them that are in one lateral face of the pyramid. The altitude made to create the two right

triangles bisected angle one so that the angle measure found in the previous figure could be

doubled to find the final measure of angle one to be approximately 16.87°.

Height≈ 36.36 ft.

Base≈ 10.78 ft.

Figure 50. Dimensions of One Lateral Face on Outer Pyramid

The slant height of the pyramid is also the height of one triangular lateral face, which

is 36.36 ft., as found in Figure 45. The base is the side length of polygon two, as calculated in

Figure 10. These dimensions will be used to find the lateral surface area in the following figures.

Area= 1/2(base*height)
A≈ 1/2(10.78*36.36)
A≈ 196.05 ft2
Figure 51. Area of One Lateral Face on Outer Pyramid

The area of a triangle is ½(base*height). This formula was used to calculate one

lateral face on the outer pyramid. The height is the slant height of the pyramid, as calculated to

be approximately 36.36 ft. in Figure 45. The base is the side length of polygon two, 10.78 ft.

36.36 and 10.78 were multiplied by each other, then multiplied by 1/2, to get the final area of one

lateral face to be approximately 196.05 ft2.

 Hanna – Munoz 26

LSA= 10(Area of One Lateral Face)

LSA≈ 10(196.05)
LSA≈ 1960.45 ft2
Figure 52. Lateral Surface Area of Outer Pyramid

The lateral surface area is the sum of all lateral faces’ areas. Since there are ten lateral

faces according to the polygon, the area of one lateral face (found in previous figure) was

multiplied by ten. This resulted in the final lateral surface area of the outer pyramid to be

approximately 1960.45 ft2.

Part Eight

Height of Inner Pyramid≈ 30.40 ft.

Figure 53. Dimensions of the Inner Pyramid

Figure 53 displays the dimensions of the inner pyramid. This pyramid is linked with

polygon three. The height was found to be approximately 30.40 ft. The way this was calculated

will be explained in the following figure.

Height= Side Length*3

H≈ 10.13*3
H≈ 30.40 ft.
Figure 54. Height of the Inner Pyramid
 Hanna – Munoz 27

The height was required to be three times the side length of polygon three. The side

length found in Figure 14 was used. This was multiplied by three to get the height of the inner

pyramid to be approximately 30.40 ft.

Volume= 1/3(Abase)*(Hpyramid)
V≈ 1/3(790.17)*(30.40)
V≈ 8007.56 ft3
Figure 55. Volume of the Inner Pyramid

The figure above displays the process of finding the volume of the inner pyramid.

The area of the base, which is also the area of polygon three, was multiplied by the height of the

pyramid. This means that the area found in Figure 15, 790.17, was multiplied by the height found

in Figure 54, 30.40. This product was then multiplied by 1/3 to get the final volume of the inner

pyramid to be approximately 8007.56 ft3.

Part Nine

Figure 56. Completed Tower

The figure above displays the completed tower. The walls and roof were added to

create this final look.

 Hanna – Munoz 28

Total Lateral Surface Area= LSAprism + LSApyramid

TLSA≈ 2325.80 + 1960.45
TLSA≈ 4286.25 ft2
Figure 57. Total Lateral Surface Area of Tower

The total lateral surface area was calculated by adding the lateral surface area of the

outer prism and the lateral surface area of the outer pyramid. The outer prism lateral surface area

of 2325.80 ft2 was taken from Figure 37 and the outer pyramid lateral surface area of 1960.45 ft2

was taken from Figure 52. When these two areas were added, the total lateral surface area of the

entire tower was found to be approximately 4286.25 ft2.

Total Volume= Vprism + Vpyramid

TV≈ 17042.09 + 8007.56
TV≈ 25045.65 ft3
Figure 58. Total Volume of Tower

The total volume of the tower was calculated by adding the volume of the inner prism

and the inner pyramid together. The inner prism volume of 17042.09 ft3 was taken from Figure

39 and the inner pyramid volume of 8007.56 ft3 was taken from Figure 55. When these two

volumes were added, the total volume of the tower was found to be approximately 25045.65 ft3.
 Hanna – Munoz 29

Conclusion:

Now with the tower done there is plenty of room to decorate the interior with anything

that is wanted. The scale model was designed with a Hawaiian hut theme but is able to transform

in to whatever is wanted. The high ceiling gives a very open look while also people are able to

“walk on water”. This tower took a lot of hard work and dedication to create and make perfect.

With the calculations and the math used to build this tower for the measurements and the

costs, there were some issues that were encountered. One of the issues was plugging in the

incorrect numbers, the full substitution of the areas of the polygons. For example when forgetting

one set of parenthesis messes up what is being multiplied. Another issue starting off was having

the original plot size off by three feet so the math did not fit with in those dimensions. There

were also problems with building the tower itself. Creating the footing was difficult to get the ten

sides perfectly symmetrical and even with the other pieces of footing. Also getting the roof was a

challenge because gravity was trying the drag the pieces down as the glue was finishing drying.

The last problem was the builder had a hard time with the hot glue gun and sustained a few

burned which slowed the building process.

Finally the Hawaiian hut was done and given to the very happy millionaire. The custom

work really makes the tower unique. This work is unlike any other.