PELTIER EFFECT BASED SOLAR POWERED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT:

Now-a-days the main problems we are facing are global warming and energy crisis. But due
to usage of conventional air conditioners the both problems are increasing. So, inorder to
overcome that we have Peltier effect based systems. But they have low COP. In our project we are
trying to modify the design so that we can achieve maximum COP as conventional air
conditioners.

INTRODUCTION:

In recent years, with the increase awareness towards environmental degradation due
to the production, use and disposal of ChloroFluoro Carbons (CFCs) and Hydro
Chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as heat carrier fluids in conventional refrigeration and air
conditioning systems has become a subject of great concern and resulted in extensive research into
development of novel refrigeration and space conditioning technologies. Thermoelectric cooling
provides a promising alternative R&AC technology due to their distinct advantages. Thermoelectric
solid-state air conditioners can be a cost-effective solution for cooling electronic and electrical
equipment and devices housed in enclosures and cabinets. With relatively low energy requirements
and the ability to provide both cooling and heating from the same device when needed.
In 1822, an Estonian physician named Thomas Seebeck discovered that the junctions between two
dissimilar metals generate a voltage which is a function of temperature. Thermocouples rely on this
Seebeck effect.

Later on Peltier discovered that reverse of Seebeck effect is possible. i.e., by giving voltage to two
dissimilar metals connected as junction, then cold and hot junctions will be formed as shown. This
is known as Peltier effect.

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Based upon Peltier effect many models and different combinations were used to develop efficient
refrigeration and air conditioning systems.
Advantages:
 Eco –friendly
 Energy efficient
 Very compact in size
 Less wear and tare
 Ability to cool below ambient temperatures
 Not only cooling it also works as heating element when required
 Easy to handle and carry
 Very less operating and maintenance costs
Limitations:
 Low COP compared to conventional air conditioners
 Undesired secondary junction temperature

Hence, in our project we are trying to overcome the above said limitations.
We can overcome low COP by
 Having some modifications in design
 Choosing the better thermocouple that we can have
 Choosing the desired voltage range to operate the device
 Choosing the temperature level at which the device should operate

PROPOSED WORK:

We can overcome secondary junction temperature by eliminating it without decreasing the

efficiency. The diagrams of proposed models are as follows.

Here, we are using T type thermocouple as they were suited better for our model.
Beside the advantages of thermocouple based air conditioners, the advantages of proposed model
are as follows.
 Better COP compared to that of present thermoelectric cooler models.
 No need to deal with secondary junction temperature.
 Can be used for both cooling and heating.