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AC7 − Brushless DC Motor Drive During Speed Regulation

Demonstration of the AC7 Brushless DC Motor Drive during speed regulation.
O.Tremblay, L.−A. Dessaint (Ecole de technologie superieure, Montreal)
Contents

Circuit Description
Demonstration
Notes

Circuit Description
This circuit uses the AC7 block of SimPowerSystems library. It models a brushless DC
motor drive with a braking chopper for a 3HP motor.
The permanent magnet synchronous motor (with trapezoidal back−EMF) is fed by a PWM
voltage source inverter, which is built using a Universal Bridge Block. The speed control
loop uses a PI regulator to produce the torque reference for the current control block. The
current control block computes the three reference motor line currents, in phase with the
back electromotive forces, corresponding to the torque reference and then feeds the motor
with these currents using a three− phase current regulator.
Motor current, speed, and torque signals are available at the output of the block.
Demonstration
Start the simulation. You can observe the motor stator current, the rotor speed, the
electromagnetic torque and the DC bus voltage on the scope. The speed set point and the
torque set point are also shown.
At time t = 0 s, the speed set point is 300 rpm. Observe that the speed follows precisely
the acceleration ramp.
At t = 0.5 s, the full load torque is applied to the motor. You can observe a small
disturbance in the motor speed, which stabilizes very quickly.
At t = 1 s, the speed set point is changed to 0 rpm. The speed decreases down to 0 rpm
following precisely the deceleration ramp.
At t = 1.5 s., the mechanical load passes from 11 Nm to −11 Nm. The motor speed
stabilizes very quickly after a small overshoot.
Finally, note how well the DC bus voltage is regulated during the whole simulation period.
Notes
1) The power system has been discretised with a 2 us time step. The speed controller uses
a 140 us sample and the current controller uses a 20 us sample time in order to simulate a
microcontroller control device.
2) To calculate automatically the speed regulator gains, double−click on the PI gain
calculator icon. Enter the mechanical parameters of the machine and click on the "Enter
specification" checkbox. Enter the desired specifications and click on the "Calculate Kp
and Ki" checkbox.
If you don’t know the specifications, uncheck the "Enter specification" checkbox and enter
the electrical parameters of the machine. Click on the "Machine natural frequency"
checkbox to obtain the open−loop machine response. After, click on the "Enter
specification" checkbox to enter a response time faster than the open loop response time
and click on the "Calculate Kp and Ki" checkbox.
3) To obtain the operation regions of the drive system, double−click on the Speed−Torque
curve icon. Enter the machine parameters, the DC bus voltage, the output torque limit and
the acceleration speed ramp and click on the "Plot Speed−Torque curve" checkbox.
4) A simplified version of the model using average−value inverter can be used by selecting
’Average’ in the ’Model detail level’ menu of the graphical user−interface. The time step can
then be increased up to 40 us. This can be done by typing ’Ts = 40e−6’ in the workspace,
by setting current control sample time to 40e−6 and by setting Speed controller sample
time to 120e−6 in the case of this example. See also ac7_example_simplified.mdl.
Copyright 1997−2007 Th
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