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The chart below shows the days of the week in English together with their normal abbreviations.
Numbers
1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five
6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten
11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen
16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty
After the number 20 if you want to say 21, for example, you use the numbers 20 + 1 “twenty-
one”.
21 twenty- one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 24 twenty-four 25 twenty- five
26 twenty-six 27 twenty- 28 twenty-eight 29 twenty-nine 30 thirty
seven
At this point you only need to learn the multiples on ten to combine new numbers.
30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty
70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred
Examples:
34 30 + 4 thirty and four thirty-four
101 100 + 1 one hundred and one (UK) -or- one hundred one (US)
111 100 + 11 one hundred and eleven
121 100 + 20 + 1 one hundred and twenty-one
1001 1000 + 1 one thousand and one
1043 1000 + 40 + 3 one thousand and forty- three
1234 1000 + 200 + 30 + 4 one thousand two hundred and thirty-four (US Only)
10001 10,001 ten thousand one
10043 10,043 ten thousand forty-three
12034 12,034 twelve thousand thirty-four)
10000 10,000 ten thousand
10123 10,000 + 100 + 20 + 3 ten thousand one hundred and twenty-three
13659 13,000 + 600 + 50 + 9 thirteen thousand six hundred and fifty-nine
Verb To Be
The verb “TO BE” is very important in English. It is used like the verbs SER and ESTAR in
Spanish: to be worried, to be happy, to be able. It is also used to express age, and feelings: to be
sad, to be hungry, to be angry, to be happy, which is used as “TENER” in Spanish. The third use
of the To Be Verb means HABER, along with an adjective: to be born.
The verb To Be changes with each pronoun and when we used them together on a sentence we
can used a contraction to represent it.
Negative Form
Vocabulary of Professions
Accountant - a person that works with the money and accounts of a company.
Baker - They make bread and cakes and normally work in a bakery.
Butcher - a person that works with meat. They cut the meat and sell it in their shop.
Carpenter - a person that makes things from wood including houses and furniture.
Chef/Cook - a person that prepared food for others, often in a restaurant or café.
Dentist - a person that can fix problems you have with your teeth.
Doctor - a person you go to see when you are ill or have some type of health problem.
Dustman/Refuse collector - a person that collects trash/rubbish from bins in the street.
Engineer - a person who develops solutions to technical problems. They sometimes design,
Gardener - a person that keeps gardens clean and tidy. They take care of the plants in the garden.
Lawyer - a person that defends people in court and gives legal advice.
Lifeguard - a person that saves lives where people swim (at a beach or swimming pool).
Nurse - a person trained to help a doctor look after the sick or injured.
Optician - a person that checks your eyes and try and correct any problems with your sight.
Painter - a person that paints pictures or the interior and exterior of buildings.
Policeman/Policewoman - a member of the police force. They (try and) prevent crime.
Real estate agent - a person that makes money from selling land for development.
Scientist - a person that works in the science industry. They do many experiments.
Secretary - a person employed in an office who types letters, keeps records etc.
Tailor - a person that makes clothes for others, many times producing exclusive items of
clothing.
Traffic warden - a person that patrols areas to check that people do not park in the wrong place.
Travel agent - a person that organizes and sells holidays and flights for others.
Veterinary doctor (Vet) - a qualified person that looks after sick animals.
Waiter/Waitress - a person that works in a food outlet, looking after customers and serving food.
Window cleaner - a person that cleans windows, normally the windows of big buildings.
In general, we use indefinite to mean non-specific or general. We use definite to mean specific or
particular. When we are talking about something in general, we use a or an. When we are talking
about something in particular, we use the.
Use A before words such as "star" or "university" which sounds like they start with a consonant
and use AN before words such as "hour" or “apple” which sounds like they start with a vowel.
Example: Think of the sky at night. In the sky we see MILLIONS of stars and ONE moon. So
normally we would say:
The Verb To Do
The verb to do is another common verb in English. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main
verb. It is often used in questions.
As an auxiliary verb do is a grammar tool, used with a main verb when forming interrogative or
negative sentences, or for adding emphasis.
To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions and
wishes:
I smoke (habit); I work in London (unchanging situation); London is a large
city (general truth)
To give instructions or directions:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left.
To express fixed arrangements, present or future:
Your exam starts at 09.00
To express future time, after some conjunctions: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Examples:
For “he”, “she”, and “it” use the third-person verb. This is the same as the base verb, but it has an
“s” on the end:
This table shows the difference between the third person pronouns. Notice the “s” on the end of
the word.
I like pizza.
You like pizza.
He likes pizza.
She likes pizza.
It likes pizza.
We like pizza.
They like pizza.
1.In the third person singular the verb always ends in -s. Examples:
It mixes the sand and the water. (Se mezcla la arena con el agua.)
Exercise No. 6: Use a dictionary to look for the meaning of the following verbs:
Ask Preguntar
be Ser o Estar
become __________________________
begin __________________________
call __________________________
can __________________________
come __________________________
could __________________________
do __________________________
feel __________________________
find __________________________
get __________________________
give __________________________
go __________________________
have __________________________
help __________________________
keep __________________________
know __________________________
leave __________________________
let __________________________
like __________________________
live __________________________
look __________________________
make __________________________
may __________________________
mean __________________________
might __________________________
move __________________________
need __________________________
play __________________________
put __________________________
run __________________________
say __________________________
see __________________________
seem __________________________
should __________________________
show __________________________
take __________________________
talk __________________________
tell __________________________
think __________________________
try __________________________
turn __________________________
use __________________________
want __________________________
will __________________________
work __________________________
would __________________________
Exercise No. 7: Fill in the spaces with the correct form of a verb given in parentheses.
13) One cat and one rabbit____________________ (live) in the same room.
To make the negative form, you need to use 'do not' (don't) or ' does not' (doesn't).
Examples:
After do not or does not the verb is always in the base form.
More examples
I do not live in London No vivo en Londres
You don't have any pets No tienes mascotas
He does not understand him No lo comprende
She doesn't write a letter No escribe una carta
It does not work No funciona
We don't play tennis No jugamos al tenis
You do not watch TV No véis la televisión
They don't remember anything No recuerdan nada
Examples
When we answer Yes / No questions we do not normally repeat the complete the question.
Instead, we use an appropriate auxiliary verb. This auxiliary is usually present in the question.
(Note: In some examples we can ignore de complement)
Exercise No. 9: Complete the questions using de adequate form of the verbs: auxiliary and main
give in parentheses.
5) __________ the cat ____________________ on the wall in the mornings? (to sit)
10) __________ Garry and Ken ____________________ a cup of tea in the afternoon? (to
have)
Exercise No. 10: Compose questions and their answers, follow the example in 1.