Index Terms Links

AAA (see American Arbitration Association)

AAMA (see American Architectural
Manufacturers’ Association)
AASHTO (see American Association of
State Highway and Turnpike Officials)
Accidents, reporting/investigating of 3.29
ACI (see American Concrete Institute)
Acoustical properties, of masonry 13.9 13.12
Action plan, development of 5.7
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) 1.4
ADM (alternate design method) 2.14
Admissions (in civil procedure) 8.6
ADOSS (program) 12.15
ADR (see Alternative dispute resolution)
Aeroelastic phenomena 10.14
Aesthetic failures (with masonry) 14.14 14.15
AFPA (American Forest & Paper Association) 2.17
AGC (Associated General Contractors 17.11
of America)
Agreements, standard-form 6.5
AIA (see American Institute of Architects)
Air and vapor transmission:
with masonry 13.15 13.17
with windows and curtain walls 14.35
Air explosions 10.36
AISC (see American Institute
of Steel Construction)
AITC (see American Institute
of Timber Construction)
Albertsons Grocery Warehouse (Portland OR) 15.53
Allowable stress design (ASD) 11.3 15.4
Alluvium 16.25
Alternate design method (ADM) 2.14
Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) 5.23
binding 8.10
nonbinding 8.14
(See also Arbitration)
American Arbitration Association (AAA) 8.12 8.18
American Architectural Manufacturers’
Association (AAMA) 14.3 14.33 14.35 14.41
American Association of State Highway and 2.19 3.49 11.4 11.5
Turnpike Officials (AASHTO) 11.9 11.14 11.25 12.7 17.18
American Bar Association 9.1
American Concrete Institute 2.14 2.18 3.48 12.2 12.7
(ACI) 12.13 12.15 13.57 14.3 17.17
American Forest & Paper Association (AFPA) 2.17
American Institute of Architects (AIA) 8.12 17.11
 Index Terms Links
American Institute of Steel Construction 1.9 2.14 3.48 11.7 11.9
(AISC) 11.19 17.17 17.18
American Institute of Timber Construction 3.49 15.7 15.17
(AITC) 15.18 15.26 17.18
American National Standards Institute 2.8 2.10 2.16 3.12 3.46
(ANSI) 3.49 14.3 14.33 15.9 17.17
American Petroleum Institute (API) 11.8
American Railway Engineering and
Maintenance of Way Association (AREMWA) 11.7
American Society for Testing and Materials 2.14 9.20 11.1 11.15 11.25
(ASTM) 12.15 12.21 12.28 13.4 13.17
13.45 13.48 13.54 13.55 13.58
14.21 14.23 14.24 15.4 15.21
16.21 17.17
American Society of Civil Engineers 1.3 2.8 2.18 3.48 6.2
(ASCE) 13.57 14.32 14.33 17.17
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME) 11.4
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 1.4
American Welding Society (AWS) 11.4 11.9 11.16
Analysis:
of concrete structures 12.14
by expert witnesses/consultants 9.20
of foundations 16.23
of steel structures 11.8
ANSI (see American National
Standards Institute)
Answer (in civil procedure) 8.3
Anticipated Cost Reports 1.22
API (American Petroleum Institute) 11.8
Appeals process (OSHA) 3.29
Applied Technology Council (ATC) 2.10
Approved Change Orders 1.22
Arbitrary point -in-time (APT) loads 2.20
Arbitration 8.11
consent to 8.11
court-mandated/compulsory 8.11
definition of 8.11
mediation as 8.17
procedures for 8.12
reasons for choosing 8.12
Arches, wooden 15.20
Architect’s log 1.1 1.12 1.59
Architectural drawings 1.4
AREMWA (see American Railway Engineering
and Maintenance of Way Association)
Arizona 15.53
 Index Terms Links
Arkansas 7.16
Arlington Heights (Illinois) 15.50
ASCE (see American Society of Civil Engineers)
ASD (see Allowable stress design)
ASFE 9.11
ASME (American Society of Mechanical
Engineers) 11.4
Associated General Contractors of America
(AGC) 17.11
ASTM (see American Society for Testing
and Materials)
ATC (Applied Technology Council) 2.10
Attorney-client privilege 5.10
Attorney work product 8.9
Authorities, notification of 5.15
AWS (see American Welding Society)

Babylonian dynasty, first 7.2

Back Charge Order forms 1.22
Backcharges 1.22
Bailey’s Crossroads (Fairfax VA) 12.14 17.21
Baltimore-Washington Expressway shoring
towers 17.43
BCA (board of contract appeals) 8.10
BEAM (program) 12.15
Beams 15.17
Beaufort Scale 10.16
BIA (see Brick Industry Association)
Bid package, project construction 1.9
Binding alternative dispute resolution 8.10
(See also Arbitration)
Blast loads 10.33
consequences of 10.33
determination of 10.37
environment of 10.34
exterior blasts 10.35
interior blasts 10.36
nature of 10.33
Board of contract appeals (BCA) 8.10
BOCA (see Building Officials
Construction Association)
BOCA National Building Code 2.12 2.13
Bond failure (with concrete) 12.4
Bond Log 1.23
Borings, test 1.15
Brick Industry Association (BIA) 13.57 14.3
Bridgeport (Connecticut) 17.35
 Index Terms Links
Bridges 7.16 12.38
AASHTO Standard Specifications for
Highway Bridges 2.19
steel 11.11
Tacoma Narrows Bridge Collapse 7.14
temporary works, FHWA/AASHTO Guide
Design Specifications for 2.20
British Columbia 17.65 17.74
British Masonry Society 13.57
Brooklyn (New York) 17.70
Buckling:
in steel structures 11.10
in timber structures 15.30
in wood 15.6
Building Department Signoff Log 1.23
Building Officials Construction Association
(BOCA) 1.14 2.2 2.3 2.9
Business records exception (to hearsay rule) 8.7

CABO (Council of American Building

Officials) 2.2
CA (construction administration) 1.7
CAFL (category fatigue limit) 11.14
Calculation Review Checklist 1.30
California 7.16 9.11 15.41 15.51
Capacity, structural 6.12
CASE (see Council of American Structural
Engineers)
Category fatigue limit (CAFL) 11.14
Catenary beams, and fire loads 10.42
“Caught in between” fatalities caused by 3.9
Cause of action 8.3
Causes of failure:
determining 5.8 6.26
technical vs. procedural 6.3
CD (see Construction development)
Challenger explosion 7.14
Change of venue, motion for 8.4
Change Order Log 1.23
Charpy impact test 11.2 11.5
Charpy V-notch energy (CVN) 11.15 11.19 11.21
Checklists:
Calculation Review Checklist 1.30
Design Criteria Checklist 1.27
Drawing Review Checklist 1.39
Submittal Review Checklist 1.52
 Index Terms Links
Chemical analysis:
of concrete structure components 12.21 12.25
of timber structures 15.22
Chloride profiling 12.25
Church of Christ (Spokane WA) 15.56
CitiCorp Building (New York City) 7.15
Civil engineering drawings 1.5
Civil Justice Reform Act of 1990 (CJRA) 8.12
Civil procedure 8.2
answer in 8.3
and claims against government 8.9
complaint in 8.3
discovery techniques in 8.3
motion practice in 8.4
reply in 8.3
rules of evidence in 8.5
summons in 8.3
third-party practice in 8.3
trial in 8.4
CJRA (Civil Justice Reform Act of 1990) 8.12
Claim evaluation 9.21
Claims, contractor 1.22
Clay brick masonry 13.4
in compression 13.4 13.6
elastic modulus of 13.6
in flexure 13.6
in shear 13.7
thermal conductivity of 13.13
wall weights with 13.4 13.5
Climatological data 4.28 10.5
Closing arguments (in civil procedure) 8.5
Closing conference (with OSHA) 3.28
CM (construction management) 1.19
Coatings, masonry 13.6 14.11 14.12
Code(s):
for building envelope 14.2
for concrete 12.7
for design of temporary structures 2.19
of Hammurabi 7.2
model. (see Model codes)
for structural steel 11.7
for temporary structures 17.14
for timber construction 15.8
Cold cracks 11.24
Collapse, first steps after (see First steps
after failure)
Collapse configuration 4.4
 Index Terms Links
Collapsible soils 16.25
Colluvium 16.25
Colorado 17.53 17.55
Color (of masonry) 13.45 13.60
Columns:
in steel structures 11.11
thermal expansion of, from fire 10.42
wood 15.19
Column schedule (in structural drawings) 1.5
Communications, privileged 8.9
Complaint (in civil procedure) 8.3
Compliance safety and health officer (CSHO) 3.27 3.28
Component testing 6.23 6.24
Compulsory arbitration 8.11
Concept sketches (CS) 1.6
Concrete:
bond failures with 12.4
carbonation of 12.1
codes/standards for 12.7
corrosion properties of 12.6
cracking of 12.10 12.13 12.22 12.38
deformation properties of 12.2 12.3
effects of fire on 10.40
inspection/testing of 1.16
nondestructive testing of 12.28
penetration of chlorides 12.10
plain 12.8
posttensioned 1.16 12.35
precast 12.11
precast-prestressed 1.17
prestressed 12.11
reinforced 12.9
sulfate attack on 16.43
time-dependent properties of 12.2 12.4 12.15
Concrete Cylinder Strength Log 1.23 1.68
Concrete masonry 13.7 13.13
Concrete/masonry construction
OSHA standards for 3.41
Concrete Stripping Log 1.23
Concrete structures 12.2
case studies of nonperformance/failure of 12.38
chemical analysis of components of 12.21 12.25
and codes/standards for concrete 12.7
corrosion of reinforcement in 12.35
critical characteristics of 12.8
destruction failures in 12.34
and engineering properties of concrete 12.2
 Index Terms Links
Concrete structures cont.
external prestressing with 12.37
field load tests on 12.16
formwork in 12.13
laboratory tests of components of 12.18
methods of analysis of 12.14
misplaced reinforcing steel in 12.36
nondestructive testing methods with 12.28
overload as cause of failure in 12.34
petrographic examination of components of 12.19 12.21
posttensioning in 12.35
shoring/reshoring in 12.13 12.36
steel-concrete composite deck in 12.13
supplemental reinforcement of 12.37 12.38
Condensation resistance factor (CRF) 14.36
Conditions, documentation of 4.16
Confidential consultants 9.3
Confidentiality 5.9
of expert witnesses/consultants 9.18
joint defense agreements for protection of 5.12
legal protections of 5.10
procedural method for protection of 5.11
Conflicts of interest 6.4
Connecticut 4.14 4.24 5.2 6.2 17.35
Connectors (in steel structures) 11.11
Consent to arbitration 8.11
Construction accidents, reporting/investigating of 3.29
Construction administration (CA) 1.7
Construction document (CD) 1.7
Construction failures (with concrete structures) 12.34
Construction management (CM) 1.19
Construction Permit 1.62
Construction site, documents at 1.21
Consultants, expert [see Expert
witness(es)/consultant(s)]
Consultants Shop Drawings Log 1.59
Contract Award/Tracking Form 1.66
Contract-based liability 5.18
Contract Disputes Resolution Act of 1978 8.9
Contract Log 1.23
Contractor(s):
claims of 1.22
standard of care of 7.11
Contracts:
at construction site 1.21
with expert witnesses/consultants 9.8
indemnity provisions in 5.20
 Index Terms Links
Contract schedule 1.24
Coring (with timber structures) 15.22
Corrosion:
of concrete 12.6
in concrete structures 12.35
of facades 14.6
in steel structures 11.15 11.27
in structural steels 11.7
Council of American Building Officials (CABO) 2.2
Council of American Structural Engineers (CASE):
Calculation Review Checklist 1.30
Design Criteria Checklist 1.27
Drawing Review Checklist 1.39
on role structural engineer vs. forensic engineer 1.2
Submittal Review Checklist 1.52
Counterclaims 8.3
Court-mandated arbitration 8.11
Crack pins 16.14
Cracks/cracking:
cold 11.24
in concrete 12.10 12.13 12.22 12.38 16.54
in masonry 13.6 13.19 13.58
in steel structures 11.10 11.12 11.29
underbead 11.24
Cranes/derricks/hoists, OSHA standards for 3.39
Credit documents 1.22
Credits 1.22
Creep 16.36
CRF (condensation resistance factor) 14.36
Cross-claims 8.3
Cross-examination 9.26
Cryptoflorescence 13.41
CS (concept sketches) 1.6
CSHO (see Compliance safety and health officer)
Curing concrete test cylinders 4.11
CVN (see Charpy V-notch energy)

Daily Work Report 1.22 1.60

Day of week, fatalities by 3.10
DB (see Design-build)
DBB (design-bid-build) 1.18
DBOM (design-build-operate-maintain) 1.19
DD (design development) 1.6
Dead loads 10.4
Debris, identification of 4.24
Debris flow 16.36
Declarations against interest (in civil procedure) 8.7
 Index Terms Links
Delamination 15.23
Delivery, project 1.18
Demolition, OSHA standards for 3.43
Denver I-70 overpass 17.53 17.55
Department of the Air Force 3.49
Department of the Army 3.49
Department of the Navy 3.49
Depositions 8.4
Design-bid-build (DBB) 1.18
Design-build (DB) 1.18
Design-build-operate-maintain (DBOM) 1.19
Design Criteria Checklist 1.27
Design development (DD) 1.6
Design documents 1.21
Design drawing phases 1.6
concept sketches (CS) 1.5
construction administration (CA) 1.7
construction document (CD) 1.7
design development (DD) 1.6
preliminary design (PD) 1.6
Design standards:
evolution of 2.7
and structural performance 2.3
for temporary structures 2.19 17.4
Design strength 2.6 2.7
Destructive testing 4.25 16.19 16.20
Deterioration:
of foundations 16.43
in steel structures 11.27
in structural steels 11.7
in timber structures 15.29
(See also Corrosion)
Digital cameras 4.19
Direct examination 9.26
Discovery 8.3
of documents 13.56
and expert witness 9.22
Discovery and inspection 8.4
Dispute resolution:
alternative. (see Alternative dispute resolution)
traditional. (see Civil procedure)
Dispute review board (DRB) 8.16
Diving, OSHA standards for 3.45
Dobler v. Malloy 7.4
Documents 16.21
at construction site 1.21
discovery of 13.56
 Index Terms Links
Documents cont.
gathering of project, after collapse 4.25
review of, during failure investigation 6.15
Domes, wooden 15.20
Drawing Review Checklist 1.39
Drawing review stamps 1.11
Drawing(s):
architectural 1.4
civil engineering 1.5
definition of 1.4
design phases of 1.5
mechanical 1.6
shop 1.9
structural 1.5
for temporary structures 17.6
DRB (see Dispute review board)
Ductile tearing/fracturing (in steel structures) 11.10

Earthquake loads 2.9 10.22

consequences of 10.23
determination of 10.26 10.29
and foundations 16.39
nature of 10.22
East Chicago (Indiana) 17.29
EBTs (examinations before trial) 8.4
Efflorescence 13.41
EJCDC (Engineers Joint Contract Documents
Committee) 17.11
Electrical control systems 5.9
Electrical work, OSHA standards for 3.36
Elevators, OSHA standards for 3.39
El Segundo (California) 15.51
Engineers Joint Contract Documents Committee
(EJCDC) 17.11
Engineer’s log 1.10 1.12 1.59
Envelope, building [see Facade(s),
Windows and curtain walls]
EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) 14.35
Erection errors (with steel structures) 11.23
Error:
identification of 7.9
random 7.8
role of 7.8
systematic 7.8
Ethical issues, for expert witnesses 9.2
Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 14.35
Eugene (Oregon) 15.48
 Index Terms Links
Evaluation, preliminary 4.27 4.30
Evidence:
perishable. (see Perishable evidence
preservation of)
storage of, by expert witnesses 9.23
Evidence, rules of 8.5
exceptions to hearsay 8.6
hearsay rule 8.6
opinion testimony 8.7
privileged communications 8.9
relevancy 8.5
Examinations before trial (EBTs) 8.4
Excavations, OSHA standards for 3.40
Existing conditions 1.12
Existing structures 1.12
Expansive soils 16.32
Expert testimony, as to standard of care 7.11
Expert witness(es)/consultant(s) 1.2 9.2
as advocate 9.6
analyses performed by 9.20
appropriate dress for 9.25
claim evaluation by 9.21
as confidential consultant 9.3
and confidentiality 9.18
contracts with 9.8
cross-examination of 9.26
definition of 9.2
as detective 9.4
direct examination of 9.26
and discovery 9.22
engagement of 9.6
ethical challenge facing 9.2
fees for 9.9
forensic services performed by 9.19
inspections/testing by 9.20
as judge 9.5
liability of 9.11
marketing by potential 9.10
models/simulations utilized by 9.20
presentations by 9.24
recommended practices for 9.11
record keeping by 9.18
roles of 9.3
site visits by 9.19
speech of 9.26
standard of care for 9.5 9.17
storage of evidence by 9.23
 Index Terms Links
Expert witness(es)/consultant(s) cont.
as teacher 9.4
as technician 9.5
testimony of 9.24
Explosions 10.33
Explosives, OSHA standards for 3.43
Exterior blasts 10.35
External investigative team 5.5
External prestressing 12.37
Eyewitness accounts 6.23
Fabrication errors (with steel structures) 11.23
Facade(s) 14.4
aesthetic failures of 14.14 14.15
categories of 14.4
and codes/standards 14.2
force-induced failures of 14.5
investigation methodology with 14.14 14.16
masonry-related failures of 14.10
repairs to 14.25
Failed components, preservation of 4.15
Failure(s):
construction 17.2
engineering investigation of structural.
(see Investigations, failure)
first steps after. (see First steps after failure)
legal concerns following. (see Legal issues)
structural 2.5
Fairfax (Virginia) 12.14 17.21
Fall protection, OSHA standards for 3.38
Falls, fatalities caused by 3.8
FAR (see Federal Acquisition Regulations)
Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) 12.31 12.32
Fatalities 3.2 3.5
from “caught in between” 3.9
causes of 3.6
by day of week 3.10
from falls 3.8
in foreign countries 3.7
from shock 3.9
from “struck by” 3.8
trenching 3.10
in United States 3.6
Fatigue:
in steel structures 11.10 11.12
in structural steel 11.6
Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) 8.9 8.10
Federal Arbitration Act 8.11
 Index Terms Links
Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) 2.10 5.12
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 2.19 17.18
Federal Register 3.13
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 8.2
Fees, for expert witnesses/consultants 9.9
FEMA (see Federal Emergency
Management Agency)
Fenestration (see Windows and curtain walls)
FFT (see Fast Fourier transforms)
FHWA (see Federal Highway Administration)
Fick’s second law 12.27 12.28
Field investigations 6.18
of foundations 16.13
observations and data collection 6.19
safety concerns with 6.18
and sample collection 6.18
testing during 6.22
Field testing:
on concrete structures 12.16
on facades 14.22
of windows and curtain walls 14.40
Fill 16.25 16.28
Fire:
effects of, on materials 10.39
loads, fire 10.39
masonry’s resistance to 13.12 13.15 13.16
OSHA standards for p revention of 3.34
thermal expansion from 10.40
First aid/medical services, OSHA standards for 3.32
First Nazarene Church (Portland OR) 15.43
First-order second-moment reliability methods 2.5
First steps after failure 4.1
conditions, documentation of 4.16
evaluation, preliminary 4.27 4.30
gathering of project documents 4.25
interviews, conducting 4.20
perishable evidence, preservation of 4.3
and role of forensic engineer 4.2
samples, reservation of 4.15
Flashings 14.35
Flood loads 10.31
Florescence 13.41
Folkes, Bart v. Chadd et al. 7.7
Forensic architecture 9.3
Forensic consultant
for external investigative team 5.6
 Index Terms Links
Forensic engineering 1.2 9.3
Forensic engineers:
as expert witnesses/consultants 9.3
role of, following collapse 4.2
Forensic structural engineering 7.7
Forensic (term) 6.3
Former testimony 8.7
Foundation(s) 16.2
allowable movement of 16.2
analysis of 16.23
case studies of 7.13 16.58
concrete crack repair in 16.54
damage from movement of 16.9
deterioration of 16.43
document search for investigation of 16.21
earthquake damage to 16.39
expansive soils affecting 16.32
field observation of 16.13
instrumentation for measurement of 16.15
lateral movement of 16.35
nonperformance/failure of 16.23
partial removal of 16.52
with reinforced mat 16.49 16.51
repairs to 16.48
settlement of 16.23
slab-on-grade 16.58
standard of care with design of (case study) 7.13
strengthening of 16.52
in structural drawings 1.5
testing of 16.16
Four Times Square collapse (New York City) 4.3 4.25 5.2
Fracturing, in steel structures 11.10
Framed wood buildings, wind damage to 10.14
Framing plans, in structural drawings 1.5

Galloping instability 10.14

Gaylord, Charles N. 11.3
Gaylord, E. H. 11.3
Georgia 7.15
Geotechnical causes 5.9
Geotechnical engineer of record (GER) 1.15
Glulam timber 15.4 15.2
Government, claims against 8.9
Gradient height 10.18
Gravity loads 10.3
consequences of 10.3
dead loads 10.4
 Index Terms Links
Gravity loads cont.
determination of 10.3
on facades 14.6
and fire loads 10.43
live loads 10.5
nature of 10.3
rain loads 10.8
snow/ice loads 10.5
Gross slope failures 16.36
Groundwater extraction, settlement from 16.31
Grout injection 13.58
Guilford of Maine Textile Mill (Newport ME) 15.55

Half-cell potential 12.33

Hammurabi, King 7.2
Hartford Civic Center collapse 4.8 5.2 11.17
Hearsay rule 8.6
Heisse, John R. II 1.20
Hold-harmless provisions 5.20
Hood River Valley High School Theater
(Hood River OR) 15.56
Hughes Aircraft Building (El Segundo CA) 15.51
Huntington (New York) 17.71 17.72 17.74
Hyatt Regency walkway collapse
(Kansas City 1981) 1.10 5.2 6.2 6.9 7.15
Hydrodynamic loads 10.31
Hydrogen-induced cracking 11.24
Hydrostatic loads 10.32
Hypotheses, failure 6.11 6.26
ICBCC (International Conference of Building
Code Congress) 17.17
ICBO (International Conference of Building
Officials) 2.2
Ice accumulation 4.14
ICED (see Interprofessional Council on
Environmental Design)
Ice lensing 14.10 14.11
Ice loads 10.5
Identity piece-mark labeling system 4.5
Illinois 15.46 15.50
Impact echo 12.3 14.21
Impleader 8.3
Impulse radar 12.29
Impulse response 12.31
Inclinometers 16.14 16.15
Indemnity 5.20
Indiana 17.29
 Index Terms Links
Indianapolis 17.65 17.68
Injured third parties 5.16
Injuries 3.2 3.4
Inspections:
of concrete 1.16
by expert witnesses/consultants 9.20
by OSHA 3.14 3.27 3.28
of structural steel 1.17
of subgrade 1.15
of temporary structures 17.9
of timber 1.17
Insurance coverage 5.14
Insurance Log 1.23 1.64
Interior blasts 10.36
Internal investigative team 5.4
International Conference of Building Code
Congress (ICBCC) 17.17
International Conference of Building Officials
(ICBO) 2.2
Interprofessional Council on Environmental
Design (ICED) 9.11
Interrogatories 8.4 9.22
Interviews 4.20 13.55
and choice of interviewees 4.22
information sought in 4.20
Investigations, failure 6.1
and agreements 6.5
analysis vs. synthesis in 6.11
capacity, establishment of structural 6.12
cause of failure, determination of 6.26
and conflicts of interest 6.4
document review in 6.15
with facades 14.14 14.16
in the field 6.18
hypotheses, development/analysis of 6.11
initiation, project 6.4
laboratory analysis as component of 6.23
loads, establishment of structural 6.12
with masonry structures 13.48
plan, establishment of investigative 6.5
purposes of 6.2
report as culmination of 6.28
team, establishment of 6.6
and technical vs. procedural causes
of failure 6.3
with windows and curtain walls 14.37
Investigative team, assembling of 5.4
 Index Terms Links
Invitation to bid 1.9

Joint defense agreements 5.12

Jury selection 8.4

Labeling systems 4.4 4.10

Laboratory analysis 6.23
Laboratory tests:
on concrete structure components 12.18
on foundations 16.19 16.21
Lake Street Bridge (St. Paul MN) 17.43
L’Ambiance Plaza (Bridgeport CT) 4.14 4.24 5.2 6.2 10.3
Landslides 16.36
Large, Complex Case Program (LCCP) 8.14
Lawyers, for external investigative team 5.5
LCCP (Large, Complex Case Program) 8.14
Legal issues 5.1
action plan, development of 5.7
alternative dispute resolution 5.23
confidentiality, protection of 5.9
for injured third parties 5.16
liability, limitations on 5.21
liability, theories of 5.18
media, dealing with 5.13
partial settlements 5.23
for potentially liable parties 5.17
for property owner 5.13
public agencies, dealing with 5.12
and roles of parties 5.3 5.13
statutes of limitation/repose 5.22
teams, assembly of internal/external 5.4
Liability:
contract-based 5.18
of expert witnesses/consultants 9.11
and indemnity 5.20
limitations on 5.21
and potentially liable parties 5.17
strict 5.19 7.5
for temporary structures 17.11
theories of 5.18
tort-based 5.19
Lift forces (from wind) 10.8
Lightning Tower collapse (Atlanta Georgia) 7.15
Limestone cavities 16.26 16.28
Limit states 2.4
Liquification 16.40
Litigation assessment report 5.7
 Index Terms Links
Live loads 10.5
Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) 2.6 2.16 11.3 11.8 11.14
Loads 2.6 10.2
blast 10.33
earthquake 2.9 10.22
establishment of structural 6.12
fire 10.39
flood 10.31
gravity 10.3
overload 2.4
self-straining 10.44
settlement 10.49
snow 2.9 15.28
with timber structures 15.27
variability in 2.4
wind 2.8 10.8 15.28
Load tests, field:
on concrete structures 12.16
on facades 14.22
Logs:
architect’s/engineer’s 1.10 1.12 1.59
at construction site 1.23 1.60 1.64 1.70 1.71
Loma Prieta earthquake 10.27 10.28
Longview (Washington) 15.37
LRFD (see Load and resistance factor design)
Lucky Strike Lanes (Tucson AZ) 15.53

Maine 15.55
Marine borers 15.29
Marine operations, OSHA standards for 3.40
Masonry:
acoustical properties of 13.9 13.12
air/vapor transmission properties of 13.15 13.17
architectural engineering properties of 13.9 13.12
clay brick 13.4 13.13
coatings for 13.60 14.11 14.12
color of 13.45 13.60
concrete (See also Concrete) 13.7 13.13
cracks in 13.6 13.19 13.58
durability of 13.40
fire resistance of 13.12 13.15 13.16
over wood frame 13.22
physical stone properties of 13.9
stains on 13.40 13.41 13.43 13.60
standards for 13.17
structural engineering properties of 13.3
testing of 13.53
 Index Terms Links
Masonry: cont.
thermal conductivity of 13.13
wall section properties of 13.9
and water permeance 13.34 13.39
Masonry Bibliography 13.57
Masonry Contractors Association of America 3.49
The Masonry Society 13.57
Masonry structures 13.2
and architectural engineering properties
of masonry 13.9 13.12
architectural failures in 13.34 13.39
building code requirements for 2.18
case studies of failure in 13.61
construction failures in 13.46
and initial problem statement 13.50
investigations of failure in 13.48
remedial measures with 13.58
self-straining loads with 10.47
site visits to 13.51
and standards for masonry 13.17
and structural engineering properties of
masonry 13.3
structural failures in 13.18
Mason’s scaffold (British Columbia) 17.65
Match-mark labeling system 4.5
Materials handling/storage/use/disposal
OSHA standards for 3.34
Material Status Log 1.23
Materials testing 6.23 6.25
McCormick, Jack C. 11.3
McMinnville (Oregon) 15.40
Mechanical control systems 5.9
Mechanical drawings 1.6
Mechanized equipment, OSHA standards for 3.40
Media, dealing with the 5.12
Mediation 8.17
Metal Building Manufacturer’s Association 3.49
Metal detector 14.19
Mianus Bridge collapse (Connecticut) 5.2
Mildew 13.61
Mines, underground 16.29 16.31
Minitrials 8.18
Minnesota 17.43
Missouri 9.11
Model codes 2.2
evolution of 2.11
and national design standards 2.14
 Index Terms Links
Modulus of elasticity (MOE) 15.7 15.23 15.33
Modulus of rupture (MOR) 15.5
MOE (see Modulus of elasticity)
Moffett Field (California) 15.41
Moisture-related failures (facades) 14.10
Mold 13.61
MOR (modulus of rupture) 15.5
Mortar Cube Strength Log 1.23
Motions (in civil procedure) 8.4
Motor vehicles, OSHA standards for 3.40
Municipal governments, claims against 8.10
Murrah Building (Oklahoma City) 10.38

National Association of Demolition

Contractors 3.49
National Building Code (NBC) 2.12 2.13 17.17
National Building Code of Canada 2.9
National Building Granite Quarriers Association
(NBGQA) 14.3
National Bureau of Standards (NBS) 2.7 2.10 6.2
National Climatic Data Center 10.5 10.15
National Concrete Masonry Association
(NCMA) 2.18 3.49 13.57
National Design Specification for Wood
Construction (NDS) 2.17 15.7 15.8 15.18
National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program
(NEHRP) 2.1 10.30 10.31
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 3.12
National Forest Products Association (NFPA) 2.17
National Institute of Science and
Technology (NIST) 6.2
National Science Foundation 2.10
National Society of Professional Engineers
(NSPE) 1.12
National Wood Window and Door Association
(NWWDA) 14.3 14.33 14.36
NBC (see National Building Code)
NBGQA (National Building Granite Quarriers
Association) 14.3
NBS (see National Bureau of Standards)
NCMA (see National Concrete Masonry
Association)
NDS (see National Design Specification for
Wood Construction)
Negligence 7.5
NEHRP (see National Earthquake Hazard
Reduction Program)
 Index Terms Links
Netting, protective 4.3
New Jersey 9.11
Newport (Maine) 15.55
New York City 1.14 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.24
4.25 5.2 7.15 17.70
New York state 17.71 17.72 17.74
NFPA (see National Fire Protection
Association, National Forest Products Assoc.)
NIST (National Institute of Science and
Technology) 6.2
Nominal resistance 2.6
Nominal strength 2.6
Nonbinding alternative dispute resolution 8.14
with dispute review board 8.16
with mediation 8.17
without third-party intervention 8.14
Nondestructive testing:
of concrete 12.28
of foundations 16.15
Northridge earthquake (1994) 10.23 10.28
Notching 15.30
Notices 5.15
NSPE (National Society of Professional
Engineers) 1.12
NWWDA (see National Wood Window and
Door Association)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.11 4.24
(OSHA) 5.12 6.2 13.48 17.15
ANSI standards vs. 3.49
appeals process with 3.29
citations by 3.28
closing conferences with 3.28
concrete/masonry construction
standards for 3.41
construction accidents
reporting/investigating of 3.29
construction inspections by 3.14 3.27
cranes/derricks/hoists, standards for 3.39
demolition, standards for 3.43
diving, standards for 3.45
electrical work, standards for 3.36
elevators, standards for 3.39
excavations, standards for 3.40
explosives, standards for 3.43
fall protection, standards for 3.38
 Index Terms Links
OSHA cont.
fire protection/prevention, standards for 3.34
first aid/medical services, standards for 3.32
general health and safety provisions of 3.31
historical background 3.11
marine operations, standards for 3.40
materials handling/storage/use/disposal,
standards for 3.34
mechanized equipment, standards for 3.40
motor vehicles, standards for 3.40
opening conferences with 3.27
personal protective and life saving equipment,
standards for 3.33
power transmission/distribution,
standards for 3.43
rollover protection, standards for 3.44
scaffolds, standards for 3.37
signs/signals, standards for 3.34
site inspections by 3.28
stairways/ladders, standards for 3.44
standards of 3.12 3.30
steel construction, standards for 3.42
tools, standards for 3.35
toxic/hazardous substances, standards for 3.46
underground construction, standards for 3.42
welding/cutting, standards for 3.35
Occupational Safety and Health Review
Commission (OSHRC) 3.29
Oil extraction, settlement from 16.31
Opening conference (with OSHA) 3.27
Opening statements (in civil procedure) 8.5
Opinion testimony 8.7
Oregon 15.40 15.43 15.52
OSHA (see Occupational Safety and Health
Administration)
OSHRC (Occupational Safety and Health
Review Commission) 3.29
Other-than-serious violations (of OSHA
standards) 3.29
Overloading 2.4
in concrete structures 12.34
in timber structures 15.27

Pachometer 14.19
Parking garages 12.39
Partial settlements 5.23
Partnering 1.19
 Index Terms Links
PATH station collapse (Jersey City NJ) 4.6
Pavement delamination 13.26 13.34
PCI (see Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute)
PD (see Preliminary design)
Peer review 1.14
Perishable evidence, preservation of 4.3
collapse configuration 4.3
curing concrete test cylinders 4.11
plan for 5.7
snow/ice accumulation 4.14
steel fracture surfaces 4.9 4.13
Permit Log 1.23
Permits (for temporary structures) 17.8
Personal protective and life saving equipment
OSHA standards for 3.33
Petrographic examination 12.19 12.21 14.23
Photographs 4.18
Piezometers 16.14
Plain concrete 12.8
Ponding 15.28
Portland (Oregon) 15.43 15.53
Posttensioned concrete 1.16 12.35
Post tensioning (timber structures) 15.35
Potentially liable parties 5.17
Power transmission/distribution, OSHA
standards for 3.43
Precast concrete 12.11
Precast-prestressed concrete,
inspection/testing of 1.17
Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) 3.49 17.18
Preliminary design (PD) 1.6
Pressure(s):
blast 10.34
from fire 10.42
wind 10.20
Prestressed concrete 12.11
Privileged communications 8.9
Procedural causes of failure 6.3
Project delivery 1.18
Project history, review of 1.24
Project Name Submittal Log 1.66
Property owner, as interested party 5.13
Protective netting 4.3
Public agencies, cooperating/dealing with 5.12

Rainier Beach Library (Seattle) 15.47

Rain loads 10.8
 Index Terms Links
Random error 7.8
Rebound number 14.20
Record keeping, by expert witnesses/consultants 9.18
Reengineering 1.13
Reinforced concrete 12.9 12.36
Reinforced mat 16.49 16.51
Relevancy 8.5
Reliability index 2.5
Repairs:
to concrete structures 13.58
to facades 14.25
to foundations 16.48
to steel structures 11.26 11.29
to timber structures 15.34
to windows and curtain walls 14.42 14.43
Repeated violations (of OSHA standards) 3.29
Reply (in civil procedure) 8.3
Reports, investigative 6.28 13.58
Research:
by expert witnesses/consultants 9.19
value of 13.57
Resistance, variability in 2.4
Resnick, David B. 7.6
Retaining walls 16.57
case study of 16.67
failure of 16.57
standard of care with design of (case study) 7.13
Riley Road Interchange (East Chicago IN) 17.29
Robert Frost School (Arlington Heights IL) 15.5
Rogmephobia 13.19
Rollover protection, OSHA standards for 3.44
Roman Point (England) 13.26
Rosemont Horizon Arena (Illinois) 15.46

Sacrificial corrosion protection 11.29

Safety concerns:
and design standards 2.3
during field investigations 6.18
following collapse 4.2
Saltwater environments 15.29
Samples, reservation of 4.15
SBC (see Standard Building Code)
SBCC (see Southern Building Code Congress)
Scaffolding, Shoring & Forming Institute Inc. 3.48
Scaffolding Industry Association (SIA) 17.18
Scaffolds, OSHA standards for 3.37
Schedules, at construction site 1.24
 Index Terms Links
Schoharie Bridge 4.13
Sealants (for windows and curtain walls) 14.36
SEAOC (Structural Engineers Association of
California) 2.10
Seattle 15.47
Self-straining loads 10.44
consequences of 10.45
moisture changes, loads due to 10.47
nature of 10.44
temperature changes, loads due to 10.45
Sensitivity tests 6.26
Sequi, William T. 11.3
SER (see Structural engineer of record)
Serial piece-mark labeling system 4.5
Serious violations (of OSHA standards) 3.29
Serviceability limit states 2.4
Settlement(s):
of foundations 16.23
loads, settlement 10.49
partial 5.23
Shear reinforcement (timber structures) 15.36
Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’
National Association (SMACNA) 14.3
Sheridan High School Gym (Oregon) 15.52
Shock, fatalities caused by 3.9
Shop drawings 1.9
Shoring (of concrete structures) 12.13 12.36
SIA (Scaffolding Industry Association) 17.18
Signs/signals, OSHA standards for 3.34
Silence (in civil procedure) 8.6
Silver Bridge (West Virginia) 11.28
Sinkholes 16.26 16.28
Sistering (with timber structures) 15.34
Site inspections (by OSHA) 3.28
Site visits:
by expert witnesses/consultants 9.19
with facades 14.17
with masonry structures 13.51
(See also Field investigations)
SJI (Steel Joist Institute) 3.48
Sketches, concept 1.6
Skin barrier walls 14.12 14.13
Slab-on-grade foundations 16.58
SMACNA (Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning
Contractors’ National Association) 14.3
Snow accumulation 4.14
Snow loads 2.9 10.5 15.28
 Index Terms Links
Soils:
collapsible 16.25
expansive 16.32
Southern Building Code Congress (SBCC) 2.2 17.17
Southern Standard Building Code 2.12
Specifications, technical 1.7
Spokane (Washington) 15.56
Spontaneous declarations 8.7
St. Paul (Minnesota) 17.43
Stains (on masonry) 13.40 13.41 13.43 13.60
Stairways/ladders, OSHA standards for 3.44
Stallmeyer, James E. 11.3
Stamps, drawing review 1.11
Standard Building Code (SBC) 1.14 2.12 2.14
Standard of care 7.1
case studies involving 7.12
of contractor 7.11
and error 7.8
and expert witness 9.5 9.17
historical background 7.2
and negligence 7.5
role of structural engineer in 7.6
and strict liability 7.5
testifying to 7.11
and uncertainty 7.7
and warranties 7.4
Standards, design (see Design standards)
State compulsory arbitration 8.12
State contract dispute resolution 8.10
Statutes of limitation 5.22
Statutes of repose 5.22
Steel-concrete composite deck 12.13
Steel construction, OSHA standards for 3.42
Steel fracture surfaces, preservation of 4.9 4.11 4.13
Steel-frame design, standard of care with
(case study) 7.12
Steel Joist Institute (SJI) 3.48
Steel structures 11.1
and allowable stress design 11.3
analysis of 11.8
codes/standards for 11.7
and composition of structural steels 11.2
connections in 11.11
corrosion control with 11.15
critical characteristics of 11.9
design deficiencies with 11.17 11.30
design parameters for 11.10
 Index Terms Links
Steel structures cont.
deterioration failure with 11.27
fabrication/erection errors with 11.23
fatigue/fracture in 11.12
and properties of structural steels 11.3
repair of damaged 11.29
service/repair errors with 11.26
testing of 11.15
Strength limit states 2.4
Strict liability 5.19 7.5
“Struck by” fatalities caused by 3.8
Structural analysis 6.24
Structural causes 5.9
Structural concrete, ACI building code
requirements for 2.14
Structural drawings 1.5
Structural engineer, and standard of care 7.6
Structural engineering 1.2 7.7
Structural engineer of record (SER) 1.10 1.25 7.14
Structural Engineers Association of California
(SEAOC) 2.10
Structural failure, definition of 2.5
Structural foundations [see Foundation(s)]
Structural performance, and design standards 2.3
Structural steel(s) 11.15
AISC specifications for 2.15
composition of 11.2
corrosion/deterioration in 11.7
effects of fire on 10.39
engineering properties of 11.3
fatigue in 11.6
inspection/testing of 1.17
toughness of 11.4
Subcontractor Claims 1.22
Subcontractors 1.20
Subgrade, inspection/testing of 1.15
Submittal Log 1.70
Submittal Review Checklist 1.52
Submittals, at construction site 1.22
Subsidence 16.24
Sulfate attack 16.43
Summary judgment, motion for 8.4
Summons 8.3
Supplementary conditions 1.9
Surface explosions 10.36
Surface grouting 13.59
Systematic error 7.8
 Index Terms Links
Tacoma Narrows Bridge Collapse 7.14
Tapering tension face 15.30
TCFE (see Technical Council on Forensic
Engineering)
Technical causes of failure 5.9 6.3
Technical Council on Forensic Engineering
(TCFE) 6.2 6.4
Technical specifications 1.7
Temporary structures 17.1
case studies of failure of 17.20
codes/standards for 17.14
codes/standards for design of 2.19
and construction failures 17.2
definition of 17.3
design of 17.4 17.18
drawings of 17.6
inspection of 17.9
installation of 17.9
monitoring/maintenance of 17.10
removal of 17.11
responsibilities/liabilities associated with 17.11
Termites 15.29
Testimony:
of expert witnesses/consultants 9.24
former 8.7
opinion 8.7
Testing 1.14
component 6.23 6.24
of concrete 1.16
destructive 4.25
by expert witnesses/consultants 9.20
field 6.22
of foundations 16.15
laboratory 6.23
of masonry 13.53
materials 6.23 6.25
sensitivity 6.26
of steel structures 11.15
of structural steel 1.17
of subgrade 1.15
of timber 1.17
of timber structures 15.21
of windows and curtain walls 14.40
Texas 9.11
Thermal conductivity:
of masonry 13.13
 Index Terms Links
Thermal expansion:
of concrete 12.5
from fire 10.40
Thermal performance, of windows and
curtain walls 14.36
Thin stone hysteresis 14.10 14.11
Third parties, injured 5.16
Third-party practice 8.3
The Tilt-Up Concrete Association 3.49
Timber (see Wood)
Timber structures 15.2
arches in 15.20
beams in 15.16
case studies of failure in 15.37
and characteristics of structural timber 15.10
codes/specifications relevant to 15.8
columns in 15.19
deterioration in 15.29
domes in 15.20
eccentricity in 15.31 15.32
and engineering properties of wood 15.2
evolution of design of 15.25
lateral buckling in 15.30
loading/overloading in 15.27
nonperformance/failure of 15.25
notching in 15.30
repairs to 15.34
secondary effects in 15.31
state-of-the-art design changes with 15.31 15.32
structural evaluation of in-situ 15.33
tapering tension face in 15.30
testing methods for 15.21
trusses in 15.19
Tools, OSHA standards for 3.35
Tort-based liability 5.19
Toxic/hazardous substances
OSHA standards for 3.46
TPI (see Truss Plate Institute)
Trenching fatalities 3.10
Trials, civil 8.4
Trusses, wood 15.19
Truss Plate Institute (TPI) 3.49 17.18
Tuck-pointing 13.59
Tucson (Arizona) 15.53
Tunnels, underground 16.29 16.31
Turnkey projects 1.19
Turnover Log 1.23
 Index Terms Links
UBC (see Uniform Building Code)
Ultimate stress design (USD) 2.6 2.14
Uncertainty, and standard of care 7.7
Underbead cracks 11.24
Underground construction, OSHA standards for 3.42
Understrength 2.4
Uniform Building Code (UBC) 1.14 2.2 2.11 15.29 17.17
Uniform Commercial Code 7.4
Unit price schedule 1.9
University of Oregon (Eugene) 15.48
University of Tennessee 3.27
Unreinforced masonry wall design, standard of
care with (case study) 7.14
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 3.49
U.S. Court of Federal Claims 8.10
USD (see Ultimate stress design)

Value engineering 1.13

Vancouver (British Columbia) 17.74
Vapor transmission (see Air and vapor
transmission)
Vaughan, Diane 7.14
Vendor Claims 1.22
Vicarious admissions (in civil procedure) 8.6
Video 4.19
Virginia 12.14 17.21
Voir dire 8.8 9.2
Vortex-shedding excitation 10.14

Waffle slab, case study of shear failure in 12.43

Walls:
curtain. (see Windows and curtain walls)
retaining. (see Retaining walls)
Warranties 7.4
Warranty/Guarantee/Attic Stock Log 1.72
Washington DC 17.45 17.48
Washington state 15.37 15.56
Water penetration:
with masonry 13.34 13.39
with windows and curtain walls 14.35 14.41
Water ponding 15.28
Welded steel moment frame (WSMF) 11.19
Welded structures 11.16 11.25 11.27
Welding/cutting, OSHA standards for 3.35
West Coast Hotel 17.61
West Virginia 17.25
Willful violations (of OSHA standards) 3.29
 Index Terms Links
Willow Island (West Virginia) 6.2 17.25
Wind loads 2.8 10.8 15.28
consequences of 10.9
determination of 10.15
on facades 14.6
nature of 10.8
on windows and curtain walls 14.31
Windows and curtain walls 14.26
air infiltration with 14.35
causes of failure of 14.28
close-up visual examination of 14.38
and codes/standards 14.2
design of 14.30 14.31
and design wind pressures 14.31
field testing of 14.4
investigation methodology with 14.37
materials for 14.27
materials testing of 14.42
repairs to 14.42 14.43
sealants for 14.36
structural performance of 14.34
structural testing of 14.41
thermal performance of 14.36
types of 14.27
water penetration testing of 14.41
water penetration with 14.35
wind damage to 10.9
Windsor Probe 12.28
Winter Concrete Log 1.23
Witnesses:
expert. [see Expert witness(es)/consultant(s)]
and eyewitness accounts 6.23
as part of external investigative team 5.6
Wood 15.2
bending of 15.5 15.23
codes/specifications for 15.8
compression in 15.6 15.23
design values for 15.4
grain orientations in 15.3
inspection/testing of 1.17
moisture content of 15.10
shear in 15.7 15.23
size/volume effect with 15.13
stiffness of 15.7
and temperature 15.14 15.15
tensions in 15.5 15.23
time-dependent characteristics of 15.12
 Index Terms Links
Wood cont.
variability with 15.12
(See also Timber structures)
Wood construction, National Design
Specification for 2.17
Wood frame, masonry over 13.22
Wood-frame structures, self-straining loads with 10.48
Working schedules 1.24
Working stress design (WSD) 2.14
Work product doctrine 5.11
WSD (working stress design) 2.14
WSMF (welded steel moment frame) 11.19

Yielding (in steel structures) 11.10

Ylinen formula 15.6

Zelazny, Joseph 1.3

Zetlin, Lev 7.8