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Chapter 9
Any situation in which behavior occurs can be analyzed in terms of three sets of
events:
o (a) the stimuli that exist just prior to the occurrence of the behavior, called
antecedent stimuli (such as the presence of friends or the dinner table at
Grandma and Grandpa’s house just before Johnny swore),
o (b) the behavior itself (Johnny’s swearing), and
o (c) the consequences of the behavior (either approval from Johnny’s friends
or disapproval from Grandma and Grandpa).
Identifying the antecedents and consequences of a behavior is sometimes referred
to as an ABC (antecedents, behavior, and consequences) assessment.
Stimulus control refers to the degree of correlation between the occurrence of a
particular antecedent stimulus and the occurrence of a subsequent response.
Good, strong, or effective stimulus control refers to a strong correlation between
the occurrence of a particular stimulus and a particular response; that is, when the
stimulus occurs, the response is likely to follow.
Stimulus Discrimination
Stimulus discrimination training refers to the procedure of reinforcing a
response in the presence of an SD and extinguishing that response in the presence
of an SΔ.
The effects can be described as:
o (1) good stimulus control—a strong correlation between the occurrence of
a particular stimulus and a particular response,
o (2) a stimulus discrimination—a response occurs to an SD, not to an SΔ.
Stimulus Generalization