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Abstract
The group of conditions called ‘affective disorders’ resulted from the convergence of certain
words, concepts, and behaviors that took place during the early part of the twentieth century.
The word ‘affective’ has itself a long and noble history and is part of a panoply of terms which
include emotion, passion, sentiment, feeling, mood, dysthymia, cyclothymia, etc. Although
these terms name overlapping subjective states, each has a different history and etymology.
The semiology of affect disorders has never achieved the richness of the psychopathology of
perception and cognition. This resulted from a long-term neglect and also from the obscurity
of the subject matter itself. Our current notions of depression and mania date from the se-
cond half of the nineteenth century and emerged from the transformation of the old notions
Unido.
of melancholia and mania. The new clinical está del todo claro si todos ellos se
versions of them combined the new concept refieren a una función mental unitaria
of alternating, periodic, circular, or double
o a una combinación de funciones.
form insanity. This process culminated with
Kraepelin’s concept of ‘manic-depressive in- En general, se ha distinguido el
sanity’ which included most forms of affective sentimiento, la emoción y la pasión,
disorder under the same umbrella. Finally, del ánimo y el afecto, por criterios
the overinclusive kraepelinian concept was como la duración, la intensidad, el
fragmented by the works of Wernicke, Kleist,
insight, la polaridad, la relevancia,
and Leonhard, capped with the proposal of
Angst and Perris to differentiate between la asociación con un objeto interno o
unipolar and bipolar psychoses, accepted externo, las sensaciones corporales
since 1980 by the DSM-III. y la motivación (3,4).
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Correspondencia
Rogelio Luque
Área de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina
Universidad de Córdoba
Avda. de Menéndez Pidal s/n.
14071 Córdoba. España
rluque@telefonica.net