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f^| Perstorp Formox

FORMAL
Unique
Perstorp is involved in every aspect of
formaldehyde, from product research to
formaldehyde production and sales; from
process development to plant design and
equipment sales; from advanced catalyst
research to state-of-the-art catalyst
production. Such integration is unique in the
industry.
We design and construct formaldehyde
plants for clients all over the world. Our
catalysts are also a global business - we sell
catalyst formulations for all types of oxide
processes. And we are active in the
development of catalysts for emission
control systems to enhance environmental
protection.
Our customers are found in some 25 countries
on six continents. Household names in the
chemical and resin industry, other established
producers, entrepreneurs or small, family-
owned businesses - they all turn to us to
update their technology and for the know-
how to set up production in their region of
the world.
Perstorp not only designs and supplies
plants, it also operates them. The Perstorp
Group, for whom formaldehyde is the most
obvious core business, is in fact one of the
world's leading producers. This is one of the
reasons why we understand your needs. Ours
are the same!
UR BUS
Experienced
Perstorp has been deeply involved in the
formaldehyde business since 1907, when we
started production based first on copper, then
silver catalysts. In the 1950s, we helped
pioneer the modern direct oxidation process
and started building the world's first full-
scale plant in 1958. We began licensing the
pro-cess in 1966, and added a full design and
equipment supply service in 1992.
Today our process is by far the most
successful in the world. The facts tell the
story:
•
Some 80 plants of various sizes all over the
world use the Perstorp Formox process.
At a combined annual output of more than
4 million tons (9 billion Ibs), expressed as
37%, these represent more than 20% of the
total global formaldehyde consumption.
•
The direct oxidation process accounts for
over 90% of all capacity installed in recent
years. Of this, Perstorp Formox processes
and catalysts account for far over half. No
competitor even comes close.
Perstorp's development work is never finish-
ed. All our new techniques, plant designs and
catalysts are tested and perfected in pilot-
scale units and the test results are confirm-
ed in Perstorp's own formaldehyde plants. In
other words, we don't sell you something we
wouldn't use ourselves.
 Table of
contents

• PERSTORP FORMOX PROCES

Dedicated
At Perstorp Formox, a sale is the start of
our commitment, not the end. Catalyst and
process customers alike may take advantage
of our technical support throughout the PERSTORP FORMALDEHYDE
catalyst lifetime and for reloading. Our CATALYSTS
process customers are additionally offered a
partnership of close cooperation and support
that lasts throughout the operating lifetime of
the plant: from design, construction and start-
up to decades of technical support after your
plant is on stream.

This pledge is backed by the fact that for-

maldehyde is a strategic material for the • SAF TY & ENVIRONMENT
Perstorp Group. In fact, it is used in
downstream products representing over 70%
of the Group's turnover. In other words,
Perstorp is in this business to stay.

Perstorp Formox has the know-how and

dedication to meet practically any formal-
dehyde requirement practically anywhere on
earth. • PERSTORP FORMOX PLANTS
This strong commitment to the formaldehyde
business and dedication to serving each
customer have given us our world-leading
position. When you choose Perstorp Formox,
you are choosing the best.

• 1 ECHNICAL RVICE

FACTS & FURTHER

INFORMATION

page 26
•
PERSTORP FORMOX
PROCESS
MORE FORMALDEHYDE
FROM LESS METHANOL
The shortcut
to economy
Why choose the Perstorp Formox
process? Because no other process
gives you as much formaldehyde per
ton of methanol. And since methanol
is the chief cost in connection with
formaldehyde production, the Pers-
torp Formox process offers superior
operating economy. Moreover, the
high conversion rate eliminates the
need for methanol recovery via
distillation, thus also minimizing
investment costs.
Another reason for choosing
Perstorp Formox is the opportunity
to achieve formaldehyde
concentrations above 55%. This
means a lower water content, which
can provide major reductions in
downstream production costs. It also
leads to considerable savings in
storage and transport.
The Perstorp Formox process yields
a considerable quantity of high-
pressure steam, which can be
recovered for use in other processes,
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE FIGURES
(based on 37 wt-% concentration)
per metric ton
Methanol 42 I -426 kg
Electricity (for blower) 60-70 kWh
Process water 400kg
Cooling water 40-50 m 3
4800-6000 US gal
Catalyst 0.04-0.05 kg**
Steam produced *** 450-700 kg
Molar yield of 92.6-93.7% (15.55-15.75 Ibs/US gal @ 60°F)
** 20,000-25,000 kg (Ibs) of formaldehyde per kg (Ib) catalyst
*** Depending on options selected
including power generation, thereby
making another important
contribution to your overall
operating economy.
The Perstorp Formox process is
simple to operate and comes comple-
te with a high level of automation,
with virtually no manpower costs. In
fact, your operator can
simultaneously handle a second plant
or another process. Your manpower
costs are therefore low.
Process
water
1.
Methanol is sprayed into the
vaporizer, where it is evaporated and
thoroughly mixed with air and recycled
process gas.
An optional methanol preheater
makes a further contribution to the high
thermal efficiency of the process.
2.
In the reactor, the gas mixture passes through tubes
containing a molybdenum-based catalyst where it is
per 1000 Ibs heated further and converted to formaldehyde. The
* exothermic reaction takes place at moderate temperatures
(about 350°C/662°F), and the methanol is converted into
27-32 kWh formaldehyde.
48 US gal After reaching the peak reaction temperature, the
exothermic heat of reaction is immediately removed by a
#* heat transfer medium to prevent the formation of by-
450-700 Ibs
products.
The vaporizing heat transfer fluid used in the Perstorp
Formox process ensures isothermal conditions; it allows
high methanol inlets (improving productivity) and makes
for an evenly spread reaction (safeguarding yield).
6
 THE BEST FOR LESS
Since 1992 Perstorp Formox has offered a complete design and supply service
for a wide range of the more popular plant sizes. Though we still retain the
flexibility to tailor a plant to match particular requirements, the standard design
approach has more than proved its worth - tried and tested designs and
components, delivered faster and at lower cost.

Export Cleaned
steam stack gases

EMISSION
CONTROL
SYSTEM

Boiler
feed water
Methanol
Process
water
Cooling
water in

Formaldehyde
solution

The vapor of the heat transfer
fluid flows to the condenser,
where the heat is recovered in
the form of export steam, after
which the condensed fluid
returns to the reactor. The export
steam (typically 12 bar, but
up to 30 bar) from the
condenser and the ECS 4.
steam generator may be Process gas flows from
used for heating purposes or the reactor back to the
for generating electricity.
5.
In the absorber,
the formaldehyde is
absorbed in process
water, the flow of
which can be ad-
justed to produce
the desired
formalin
The exit gas that is not recycled
concentration.
to the reactor is sent to the
Cooling water is used to
integrated emission control
remove the heat of
system (ECS, see page 15),
absorption, thereby promot-
which consists of a heat
ing absorption. The absorber
exchanger and a catalytic
may consist of a single large
converter. In this system,
tower or, as is increasingly
virtually all carbon compounds
common, two shorter towers.
vaporizer, where its are oxidized to carbon dioxide
excess energy is used and water. A steam generator
for evaporating the may also be added to further
incoming methanol. boost the thermal efficiency of

7a
 TYPICAL PRODUCT VALUES
Formaldehyde content: 37 - 57% as desired
Methanol content: 0.4 - 0.8% (in 37%)*
Formic acid content: 0.015 - 0.030% (in 37%)
(all values expressed as weight %)

A methanol content as low as 0.2 % can be achieved if needed.

Consult Perstorp Formox for details.
For the few applications where a higher methanol content may
be required, pure methanol is easily added to the product without
losing the economical advantages of a highly efficient process.

Options
• Perstorp Formox plants are designed to run with or
without pressure. Existing plants operating without
pressurization may have this option retrofitted to
further boost capacity.

• Zero methanol? Well not quite, but if you need an

extra low methanol content we have some fully
tested solutions.

• Steam production may be enhanced by the use of a

steam generator in the ECS and/or a methanol
prevaporizer. The standard layout also provides for
these options to be retrofitted. Steam utilization
options, e.g. for electrical generation, can also be
provided.

• Our standard plant can make urea formaldehyde

concentrate (UFC). Some additional equipment may
be required, depending on the facilities available at
the site and the desired product (e.g. UFC80 or 85).
The concentrate can be produced in campaigns or,
using a special twin-column design, simultaneously.

• The plant is available fully integrated into a resin

production unit. This design is installed at a number
of board-producing sites. One feature is batch
automation, resulting in highly consistent resins.

• Additional design and construction services, e.g.

layout and specifications for supporting services and
storage, are also available.

• Do you have any other formaldehyde-related needs?

Talk to us first!
The
ADVANTAGES
of the
Perstorp Formox process

• superior yield

• high formaldehyde concentration

(above 55%)

• low methanol content in the

product

• high steam production

• high level of safety

• environmentally friendly

• simple, reliable operation

• low total operating costs

• quality equipment at a
competitive price

• fast, on-time delivery

• strong technical support &

service
 „ =.«

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 PERSTORP
FORMALDEHYDE
CATALYSTS
 "HE CATALY

Tailored to Research &

peiform testing
Different production rates, plant designs and product Perstorp Formox has numerous
specifications call for different catalysts. Perstorp pilot plants for testing and research
Formox's knowledge of every aspect of formal- on new catalysts. Our facilities
dehyde production has enabled us to develop a include powerful simulation
comprehensive range of catalysts and loading software which speeds up the
designs tailored to meet the requirements of any development process and assures
operating conditions. effective formulations.

While each of the formaldehyde catalysts from

Perstorp Formox has been made to match a specific Our expertise in catalysts has also led to the develop-
set of requirements, they all share the same charac- ment of a range of emission control catalysts suitable not
teristics: only for formaldehyde processes but for many other
industrial processes as well (see page 15). This
high selectivity important area has its own dedicated research team
within Perstorp Formox.
high production rate

• low pressure drop

Quality assurance
• long operating life
Our state-of-the-
• low sensitivity to interruptions in operations art catalyst plant
includes
• low sensitivity to methanol contaminants carefully
monitored
Our tight production tolerances mean full batch production
reproducibility, i.e. uniform properties in all batches controls that
of a given catalyst. This assures consistent, optimum assure top quality
catalyst performance. throughout each
step of the
manufacturing
process.
Each batch is
tested prior to
sale, and each
shipment offers
full traceability
to the reference
samples we keep
on hand. This means that every batch will deliver
optimum performance in terms of each production para-
meter, and in accordance with the customer's
requirements.

We have successfully achieved certification in accord-

ance with the quality assurance system ISO 9001 and
 • loading assistance
& training - See
under "Reloading
service", page 24.

• testing facilities -
We can conduct tests
and analyses of your
catalyst samples.

• repurchase of spent
catalyst - Besides
lowering your cost '
for new catalyst, this service reduces expensive waste
management at your plant.

• continuous technical support - Perstorp Formox's

service doesn't end when the catalyst is installed. You
are constantly looking for ways to further improve continue to receive continuous, first-class technical
quality and ensure optimum performance. assistance to assure optimum catalyst utilization
throughout the operation of each catalyst load, when
Formaldehyde catalysts from Perstorp Formox contain
no ingredients that are harmful to your personnel or to
the environment under the prescribed handling
conditions. Used Perstorp formaldehyde catalyst is
processed in our environmentally safe facilities.

Exceptional
service
With Perstorp Formox catalysts, outstanding service is
not an extra - it comes as standard with the outstanding
performance. This service includes:

• loading plan design

assistance - Thanks to our
extensive experience and
powerful simulation
programs, we can help you
achieve the optimum for changing loads and when restarting each time. Our
your particular design and customers regularly send data on the status of their
circumstances. operations for us to analyze. This information, which is
treated strictly confidentially, enables us to give prompt
• fast, reliable delivery - We recommendations for adjustments.
offer exceptional flexibility
to meet your catalyst needs,
even in emergencies.

11
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SAFETY &
ENVIRONMENT

13
PROFIT THROUGH RESPONS

Safety by design Fully in control

Perstorp Formox takes every precaution to protect
personnel, the plant and the environment - right from the
design stage. We assess the possible risks. Then we test
and evaluate new designs in our own formaldehyde
plants before making them available to our process
clients.
Our user-friendly control system (DCS) is both a
constant safety factor and an assurance of trouble-free
operation for inexperienced and experienced operators
alike. Depending on your requirements, your operators
can monitor process parameters directly at the computer
terminal or a remote location.

Thanks to stack gas recycling and the low amount of

methanol within the plant at any given time, the Perstorp
Formox process virtually eliminates fire and explosion
hazards when the plant is operated as instructed. Our policy
To guard against human errors, we have developed a
triple-level safety system that protects the process - Perstorp has had a pioneering role in developing an
automatically - by: environmentally safe formaldehyde process. Working
closely with our many clients worldwide, we have tested
1. Activating a cau- and developed increasingly effective methods of
tionary alarm, minimizing the emission of pollutants.
which informs
the operator that Corporate policy requires us not only to meet
a limit has been government environmental requirements, but to keep a
reached on a step ahead. We are therefore committed to using the best
certain param- available technology for emission control - and even to
eter. helping develop such technology.
2. Adjusting key
parameters to But it goes beyond that. Perstorp is a small community
safe levels even in the southern Swedish countryside. We live there with
if the operator our families. That's why we insist on having the
cannot respond cleanest, safest process possible.
quickly enough.
3. Safely shutting The Perstorp Formox plant design has undergone the
down the plant scrutiny of some of the most demanding environmental
if a critical authorities in the world, and our contacts and
condition is reached. The plant cannot be restarted cooperation with them have been extensive. We can
until the condition has been corrected. therefore offer you assistance in providing the relevant
data for the permits and approval you may need from
Moreover, the critical alarm circuits are duplicated; your local authorities.
should one source fail, another is available. As a further
safeguard, we have carefully dimensioned the rupture
discs and safety valves on each vessel at risk. We have
even caused an explosion in one of our reactors - by
deliberately by-passing all of the sophisticated auto-
matic shut-down systems - to verify that no damage will
come to yours. In other words, the safety of our plant
saves you money.

14
BILITY

A closed system Active research,

A Perstorp Formox plant operates on the
principle of a closed system, with virtually no
liquid effluents.
Our process also incorporates stack gas
recycling, a prerequisite for effective control
of emissions to the air. Some two-thirds of
the stack gas is returned to the process. The
remainder is sent to the integrated catalytic
emission control system (ECS), where it is
oxidized to water and carbon dioxide. Unlike
thermal incineration, no nitrogen oxides
(NOx) are formed at the low working
temperature of Perstorp Formox's specially
developed environmental catalyst.
Emissions* to the atmosphere
in Perstorp, Sweden
* a)! emissions except СОг
own manufacture
We have combined our expertise in formaldehyde
catalyst formulation and manufacture with a mission
to effectively eliminate emissions from our plants.
As a result, we don't use just any catalyst in our ECS.
We use our own, tailor-made design which features
a low ignition temperature, low pressure drop, long
life - and close to 100% conversion of VOCs.
We have a special research team dedicated to the
development of this and other environmental
catalysts, e.g. for reduction of boiler emissions. So if
you're looking for a solution to an environmental
problem, you might want to check with us.

We have been using the ECS since 1985 to reduce

emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and
carbon monoxide. It has proved so effective that today it
is integrated into the very design of our plants, and can
be retrofitted on older plants (see box). The typical outlet
concentrations of CO and VOCs meet the most stringent
legal requirements by
broad margins, which
means that your ECS
will meet also future IncatecTM
legal demands. - for retrofitting
- for other processes
Storage tanks can also
be connected to the The Perstorp Formox ECS is available as a
ECS, thus providing separate unit under the name Incatec (integrated
a further precaution catalytic emission control). The Incatec system
against chemical re- is designed for relatively simple retrofitting on
leases to the atmo- existing formaldehyde plants.
sphere . Furthermore,
Moreover, the Incatec system provides equally
the heat generated may
effective VOC abatement in numerous other
be recovered in the
industrial applications, such as:
form of export steam.
Since this valuable • chemical oxidation processes
steam can be used in • resin production
other processes, includ- • resin impregnation of paper
ing power generation, • flexographic and gravure printing
the ECS actually gen- • coating and laminating
erates profit for you - Contact Perstorp Formox to find out how you
and improves your can improve the environmental performance of
environmental record your plant.
at the same time!

15
PERSTORP FORMOX
PLANTS
г

The photo montage on the previous page shows a few of the more than 80 plants all
over the world operating with the Perstorp Formoxprocess. Here's a look at the scope
of our undertaking, from the first contact until you are on stream.

1. THE FIRST CONTACT

You can call us, fax us, E-mail us or write us. If you need help with formaldehyde, we
will gladly meet you, listen to you and demonstrate how we can help.

2. PROJECT ANALYSIS
We work together with you to define the plant that meets your needs (or to modernize
or expand an existing plant). We can also help you with your feasibility study and
provide data for obtaining permits and approval from the authorities.

3. COMPREHENSIVE ENGINEERING PACKAGE

We can supply the complete engineering for your project, and even the necessary data
for the civil engineering and steel structure. Our equipment designs have first proven
their durability in Perstorp's plants, and we use stainless steel extensively to assure high
quality, a long lifetime and minimal maintenance.

4. MANUFACTURE OF COMPONENTS
The equipment can be fabricated to meet your national standards. All suppliers are
approved by us on the basis of the quality of their workmanship. We make regular
inspections of the ongoing manufacturing process, which you are also invited to do.

5. ENGINEERING REVIEW
Consider our engineers a part of your project team! We maintain close contact with you
during the project to coordinate details to your satisfaction, including your preparation
of the site.

6. OPERATOR TRAINING
Before the start-up of your plant, we invite your personnel to a comprehensive training
session in Perstorp, Sweden, tailored to their needs and experience. This training is
later followed up once your plant goes on stream.

—
OF THE WAY

7. SHIPMENT TO SITE
Once the components are ready, they are shipped to your site. Prior to this, you will
have prepared the necessary concrete slabs. Storage tanks, utilities etc are usually built
in parallel with the installation work.

8. INSTALLATION SUPERVISION
Our experienced engineers will be on hand throughout the actual construction and
installation of your formaldehyde plant, providing advice and making sure that
everything is done according to specifications.

9. COMMISSIONING
Perstorp Formox engineers will arrive during the final stages of installation to
supervise all aspects of the commissioning and start-up, including electrical work and
instrumentation, and make final adjustments to the complete system.

10. LOADING OF CATALYST

Our process engineers also make sure that the catalyst is loaded correctly. Since careful
loading of the catalyst is essential for efficient operation of the plant, Perstorp Formox
offers a reloading service for subsequent loads while your own personnel gain the
necessary experience.

11. START-UP
Much of the equipment is started during the commissioning phase and remains in
operation, so the actual start-up may be something of an anti-climax. A button is
pushed, a change in the curves on the monitor is soon observed, and your production
of formaldehyde is underway.

12. FOLLOW-UP
The start-up of your plant is not the end of your relationship with Perstorp Formox. In
one sense, it is just the beginning. We offer you a lifetime of technical support services,
which you can read more about on the next few pages.
,L
ii
TECHNICAL
SERVICE
WE'RE HERE TO SERVE YOI

Continuous active
support
When you purchase formaldehyde technology
from Perstorp Formox, you become more than
our client. You enter a partnership that gives you
access to full technical support for as long as you
are in business. Our service program is dedicated
to continuously upgrading and improving your
formaldehyde production, and to increasing the
profitability of your plant.

Technical service
meetings
We like to know how your process is performing.
For this reason, we stop by your plant regularly,
and encourage you to visit us as well. Such
technical service meetings are useful for
discussion of any questions you may have about
daily operations, production rationalization or
any other aspects of formaldehyde production.

Operational
feedback
In addition to the technical service meetings, our
specialists are prepared to examine your process
data on a weekly or monthly basis, and provide
you with advice on how to improve your daily
operations.

22
 International
seminars
To promote the interests of
formaldehyde producers and
provide a forum for the exchange
of ideas, Perstorp Formox hosts
regular conferences/seminars.
The aim is an annual seminar for
both catalyst and process clients -
with venues alternating between
the Americas and Asia.
In addition, we hold a process
seminar, restricted to process
clients, every third year. This is
held in Europe - normally in
conjunction with a study visit to
our own plants in Perstorp,
Sweden.

Follow-up
training
A properly trained, dedicated crew
will give you the best operating
results. For this reason, we have
your operators attend a two-week
course at our headquarters in
Perstorp, Sweden, prior to start-up.
We also follow up this initial
program during our technical
service meetings.
And what happens when you get
new operators on your staff?
Perstorp Formox can arrange
subsequent training courses for
these new technicians to ensure that
your plant will be run by skilled
personnel at all times. We also run
training courses in conjunction
with some of our international
seminars.

23
 FOR YEARS TO COME

Access to all our

improvements
The heavy emphasis Perstorp Formox places on
research and development has resulted in numerous
and significant improvements over the years.
Consider these examples:
• Export steam production has more than doubled.
• Power consumption is less than half.
• Yield has risen by nearly four percentage points.
• Unit capital costs per installed ton have been
significantly reduced.
• Emissions of VOCs have been practically
eliminated thanks to the integrated ECS.
• The unsurpassed safety of a Perstorp Formox plant
has been further improved.

Our own pilot and full-scale studies are a major

source of these improvements. Another is feedback
from our customers.

As a Perstorp Formox process client*, you are given

access to all this information, e.g. during the
technical service meetings. This means that your
plant can be continuously upgraded for maximum
operational efficiency, even by tomorrow's
standards.
We are also prepared to help you with the engineer-
ing to revamp your plant with the latest technology.
Reloading service
Reloading a formaldehyde reactor can be tricky until
you have some experience. Perstorp Formox offers a
reloading service that is fast, accurate and edu-
cational. In addition to the use of our high-speed
unloading tool, the service employs Perstorp's special
loading machine, which is much more consistent
than manual loading, and shortens the loading time
by a matter of several days.

At the same time, Perstorp's reloading service is

designed to teach customers how to load so they can
learn to run the machine without our assistance.
Customers may then purchase the unloading tools
and rent the loading machine from Perstorp Formox.

*Note! The process described in this brochure is proprietary

to Perstorp Formox and may only be used under licence.
 Other services
Perstorp Formox offers its customers a wide variety
of other services, e.g:

• technical and safety audits

• spare parts service
• analytical services
• trouble-shooting, debottlenecking and upgrades
• OBL (outside-battery-limits) engineering
• production management systems
• maintenance systems

Talk to us about the services you require!

Other media
Twice a year, Perstorp Formox publishes informally
speaking, a customer newsletter with information
about the seminars, tips for improvements, news
about applications etc. Customers and suppliers are
invited to contribute to this formaldehyde forum.

Additional information is becoming increasingly

available on the Perstorp Formox website (www.
perstorp .com/formox).

Anytime,
anywhere
Perstorp Formox has a worldwide service network
with bases in Europe, North America and Asia to
ensure an immediate contact for service or catalyst
supply.

Should any problem arise at any time, you will find

that we are just a phone call away. Our specially
trained technicians are available for assistance on a
stand-by basis.

25
FEW FUNDAMENTAL FACTS
ABOUT FORMALDEHYDE
Formaldehyde: a colorless, water-soluble gas (HCHO), usually derived from methanol by oxidation, and
having a piercing, pungent odor.
Formalin: the aqueous solution of formaldehyde, often expressed as 37 wt-% concentration.
Important
building block
Because of its low cost, high purity and high
reactivity - allowing a wide variety of
chemical reactions - formaldehyde is one of
the world's most important industrial
chemicals.
The wood industry is the single largest
consumer. Formaldehyde-based resins are
used as binders for wood composites:
plywood, particle board, OSB, MDF and
compressed hardboard. It is also consumed in
surface coatings (high- and low-pressure
laminates, films and foils) and in general-
purpose glues for furniture and other
woodworking.
In the chemical industry it is a building
block for a range of synthetic polymers.
These include traditional plastics (PF, UF
and MF) as well as newer, high-growth
products such as acetals, polyurethanes
(through MDI) and polybutyl terephthalate
(through Butane 1-4 Diol). Polyols (alkyd
resins etc.) are another big consumer. A wide
range of specialty resins (e.g. for textile
treatment) are also produced either directly
or from hexamine (resins and detergents)
and/or paraformaldehyde. Other uses include
end-effect applications such as tanning and
sterilizing. Formaldehyde is also a starting
point for some important herbicides and
Pharmaceuticals.
To the best of our knowledge, the information and data
presented in this brochure were correct at the date of printing.
26
Natural alarm
Formaldehyde occurs naturally in nearly all
fruit and vegetables. Trace amounts of
formaldehyde are a necessary chemical in the
human body. But in its free and concentrated
form, formaldehyde is a highly toxic
substance that must be treated with great
caution.
Fortunately, formaldehyde irritates before it
endangers. Its extremely sharp odor causes
discomfort that increases with the
concentration, and therefore the smell of
formaldehyde gives its own clear warning
signal before the concentration level
becomes hazardous.
Using formaldehyde as a building block,
downstream chemical processes bind the free
formaldehyde in a variety of molecular
chains which normally render the
formaldehyde harmless. High-grade resin,
for example, bonds formaldehyde to such an
extent that the free formaldehyde content in
downstream products is well below the
strictest norms. Low-grade resin sometimes
fails to achieve this.
As a formaldehyde producer and/or user, it is
essential to observe all due precautions in
terms of safety, health and the environment.
It is also important to be able to provide
clear, reasonable and objective information
to the general public •• your ultimate
customers - about the proper uses of this key
chemical building block. Perstorp Formox
will be happy to assist you in preparing such
information.
 [^ Perstorp Formox
e-mail: formox@perstorp.com
www.perstorp.com/formox

Global
SE-284 80 Perstorp
Sweden

phone +46 435 38 000

fax +46 435 38 890

North America
600 Matzinger Road
Toledo, Ohio 43612
USA

phone+1 4197295448
fax +14197265925

Asia
9 Temasek Blvd #04-01
Suntec Tower 2
Singapore 038989

phone +65 3377 655

fax +653397011