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115121/
UPPER LIMB HIGH YIELD - VERY IMP points FOR MCI SCREENING TEST
What's the drug of choice for Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and Shigella
spp? Ampicillin. Note those are all G+.
What are the two penicillin-derived drugs that are extended spectrum for
pseudomonas infections? Which one is first line and which one is more potent? -
Ticarcillin (and its derivatives; Timentin) -- 1st line
- Piperacillin (and its derivates w/ tazobactam; Zosyn) -- this is the broadest spectrum.
What is the DOC to treat Clostridium Perfringens? what does this bacteria cause? Penicillin
G. Bacteria causes gas gangrene.
What is the DOC to treat treponema pallidum? What condition does the bacteria cause?
Penicillin G
Bacteria causes syphilis.
What is the DOC to treat Listeria Monocytogenes sepsis and meningitis? ampicillin
What is the DOC to treat MRSA? Vancomycin
What is the DOC for surgical prophylaxis? Why? How is it administered? - Cefazolin
- By injection
Used b/c of high bone penetration, and because it's a good alternative to anti-staph
penicillins in penicillin-allergic patients.
What is the first line agent used to treat mixed intra-abdominal infections by Bacteroides?
Cefoxitin (2nd Gen)
What are the two first line agents used to treat H. influenzae infections? Ceftriaxone (3rd)
Cefotoxime (3rd)
Cephalosporins are the go-to drugs to treat meningitis except for meningitis caused by what
bacteria? Listeria monocytogenes.
What is the first line agent used to treat Clostridium tetani infections? Vancomycin.
Which two cephalosporins are the first line agents used to treat Neisseria gonorrhoeae? -
Ceftriaxone (3rd G)
- Cefixime (3rd G)
What cephalosporin is the first line agent used to treat Typhoid Fever due to salmonella?
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin; 3rd G)
What are the three first line agents used to treat penicillin-resistant pneumococci?
Ceftriaxone (3rd G)
Cefotaxime (3rd)
Vancomycin
What are the five first line agents used to treat systemic pseudomonas aeruginosa
infections? Ticarcillin
Piperacillin
Ceftazidime (3rd)
Cefepime (4th G)
Tobramycin
How do you treat antibiotic-induced enterocolitis d/t Staph or C diff? Why? - w/ Vancomycin
PO
- Because it's poorly absorbed orally and will therefore be very active against the G+ bacteria
in the intestine causing the colitis.
What's the DOC for Rickettsia? Doxycycline
What's they DOC for Chlamydia? Doxycycline
DOC for Ureaplasma Doxycycline
DOC for Mycoplasma Doxycycline
DOC for Borrelia Doxycycline
DOC for Yersinia Streptomycin
DOC for Francisella Streptomycin
DOC for Enterococcus Gentamicin (combo)
First line for Helicobacter pylori Tetracycline
First line for Vibrio spp. Doxycyclin
First lines for Brucella Doxycyclin + Gentamicin
First line for Chlamydia Doxycyclin
First line for Nocardia Minocyclin
First line for Viridans streptococci (serious infections) Gentamicin
First line for Strep agalactiae (serious infections) Gentamicin
First line for Listeria meningitis Gentamicin
First line for Campylobacter (serious infections) Gentamicin
What's the drug of choice for chlamydia trachomatis? Azithromycin
What's the DOC for Nocardia & Pneumocystis pneumonia? Co-trimoxazole.
WILSON DISEASE,
INV OF CHOICEóóñLIVER BIOPSY
DOCóóó-ZINC
MC cancer-Lung cancer
MC Paraneoplastic Syndrome-Hypercalcemia
anterior- thymomas
mid- cyst
posterior- neurogenic tu
Agranulocytosis
• Clozapine
Aplastic Anemia
• Chloramphenicol • NSAIDs • Benzene
Atropine-like Side Effects
• Tricyclics
Cardiotoxicity
• Doxorubicin • Daunorubicin
Cartilage Damage in children
• fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin & Norfloxacin)
Cinchonism
• Quinidine
Coronary Steal Phenomenon
• Dipyridamole
Corneal micro deposits
• Amiodarone
Cough
• ACE Inhibitors
Diabetes Insipidus
•Lithium
Disulfiram-like effect
• Metronidazole • Sulfonylureas (1st generation)
Extrapyramidal Side Effects
• Antipsychotics (Thioridazine, Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine)
Fanconi’s Syndrome
• Tetracycline
Fatal Hepatotoxicity (necrosis)
• Valproic Acid • Halothane • Acetaminophen
Gingival Hyperplasia
• Phenytoin
Gray Baby Syndrome
• Chloramphenicol
Gynecomastia
• Cimetidine • Azoles • Spironolactone • Digitalis • Estrogen & testosterone •
INH & ethionamide • Clomiphine • Phenytoin • Reserpine & Methyldopa
Hand Foot Syndrome
• 5-Flurouracil (5-FU)
Hemolytic Anemia in G6PD-deficiency
• Sulfonamides • Isoniazid • Aspirin • Ibuprofen • Primaquine
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
• Cyclophosphamide • Ifosamide (Treat by Mesna & Acetylcysteine Bladder Wash)
Hepatitis
• Isoniazid
Hot Flashes, Flushing
• niacin • Tamoxifen • Ca++ Channel Blockers
Hypertension: Postural
• Prazocin
Hypertension: Rebound
• Clonidine withdrawal
Increased intra cranial tension (¬ ICT)
• Amiodarone • Hypervitaminosis A • OCP’s • Tetracycline • Quinolones
Induce CP450
• Barbiturates • Phenytoin • Carbamazepine • Rifampin
Inhibit CP450
•Cimetidine • Erythromycin • Ketoconazole • Isoniazid (INH) [remember CEKI]
Interstitial Nephritis
• Methicillin • NSAIDs (except Aspirin) • Furosemide • Sulfonamides
Milk Alkali Syndrome
• Calcium Carbonate (CaCo3)
Monday Disease
• Nitroglycerin Industrial exposure ® tolerance during week ® loss of tolerance during
weekend ® headache, tach, dizziness upon re-exposure
Nephrotoxicity
• Cephaloridine • Gentamycin • Amphotericin
Orange Body Fluids
• Rifampin
Osteoporosis
• Heparin • Corticosteroids
Pancreatitis
• L-Asparginase • Glucocorticoids
Photosensitivity
• Lomefloxacin • Pefloxacin
Positive Coombs’ Test
• Methyldopa
Pulmonary Fibrosis
• Bleomycin • Amiodarone
Rabbit Syndrome (Perioral tremors)
• Phenothiazines
Red Man Syndrome
• Vancomycin (rapid IV)
Severe HTN with Tyramine
• MAOIs
SLE- Drug Induced[Anti Histone Antibody Characteristic of this]
• Chloropromazine • Hydralazine • Isoniazid • Methyldopa • Procainamide •
Quinidine [ remember CHIMP -Q]
Tardive Dyskinesia
• Antipsychotics (Thioridazine, Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine)
Tinnitus
• Aspirin • Quinidine
Torsades de Pontis
• Terfanadin
9. Neha Gupt a Active Member
IMPORTANY BODIES
MURMURS
Carey Coombs murmur- Mid diastolic murmur, in rheumatic fever
Austin Flint murmur- mid- late diastolic murmur,in Aortic Regurgitation.
Graham- Steel murmur- high pitched, diastolic, in pulmonary regurgitation.
Rytands murmur - mid diastolic atypical murmur, in Complete heart block.
Docks murmur-diastolic murmur, Left Anterior Descending(LAD) artery stenosis.
Mill wheel murmur- due to air in RV cavity following cardiac catheterization.
Stills murmur- inferior aspect of lower left sternal border, systolic ejection sound,
vibratory/musical quality,in subaortic stenosis, small VSD
13. Neha Gupt a Active Member
MC cancer-Lung cancer
MC Paraneoplastic Syndrome-Hypercalcemia
anterior- thymomas
mid- cyst
posterior- neurogenic tu
LIST OF SYNDROMES
SYNDROMES
CHINESE RESTAURANT SYNDROME: MSG reaction ------> Chest Pain, burning sensation
over parts of body.
SICK SINUS SYNDROME: Chaotic atrial activity; continual changes in P-Waves. Bradycardia,
alternating with recurrent ectopic beats and runs of tachycardia.
TAKAYASU'S SYNDROME: Arteritis of the Aortic Arch, resulting in no pulse. Seen in young
women.
DIGEORGE SYNDROME: Congenital absence of 3rd and 4th Branchial Arches (Thymus and
Parathyroid Glands) ------> secondary symptoms:
No cell-mediated immunity ------> Frequent viral and fungal infections
Characteristic facial deformities
DOWN SYNDROME: Trisomy 21. Mental retardation, characteristic facial features, Simeon
crease in hand.
FANCONI'S SYNDROME Type I: Bone-marrow hypoplasia ------> refractory anemia,
pancytopenia.
REYE'S SYNDROME: Loss of consciousness and seizures in kids, after a viral infection
treated by aspirin.
CARPAL-TUNNEL SYNDROME: Compression of Median Nerve through the Carpal Tunnel ---
---> pain and parasthesia over distribution of Median N.
BARRETT SYNDROME: Chronic peptic ulcer of the lower esophagus, resulting in metaplasia
of esophageal columnar epithelium ------> squamous epithelium.
BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME:
ACUTE: Hepatic Vein Thrombosis ------> Massive ascites and dramatic death.
CHRONIC: Gradual hepatomegaly, portal hypertension, nausea, vomiting, edema, ulimately
death.
II Cytotoxic, antibody-dependent:
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Goodpasture's syndrome
Membranous nephropathy
Graves' disease
Myasthenia Gravis
Contact dermatitis
Mantoux test
Chronic transplant rejection
Multiple sclerosis [4]
T-cells
1. Underweight- <18.5
2. Normal BMI- 18.5 to 25
3. Pre-obesity- 25 to 30
4. Obesity I degree- 30 to 35
5. Obesity II degree- 35 to 40
5. Obesity III degree- >40
VACCINE STRAINS
swimmer ear-ps.aeruginosa