Istanbul Technical University – Faculty of Mechanical Engineering

MAK536E Advanced Computer Aided Design

Midterm Exam, March 23, 2012, Instructor: Hikmet Kocabas
Time: 120 minutes

1. (10) Write down the CAD geometric data transfer (exchange) formats between software packages.

2. (10) What are the features of Bezier curves?

3. (15) Develop the necessary transformation (B to B*) to accomplish the rotation θ of a rectangle B
about A.
tangent
y y circle to
P1
B a line
P0
P2
P2
r?
A p(u)
B* θ
y P3
P0 P1 n1?
x x
rotate of rectangle Quadratic curve x
Fig.Q.3 Fig.Q.4 and Q.5 Fig.Q.6

4. (15) Why do the following quadratic curve in figure, touch their control polygons at end points?
p(u) = (1 - u)2 P0 + 2 u (1 - u) P1 + u2 P2

5. (10) How do you construct a straight line with uniform parameterization between control points P0
and P2 by a quadratic Bezier curve. Determine the location of control point, P1 to create a straight
line with uniform parameterization between P0 and P2 (first and last points).

6. (20) Find the tangent point P3 and radius r of circle defined by center P0=(2,6) to line between
P1=(1,2), P2=(7,6) ? Use vector algebra A • B = |A|.|B|.cos(θ) |A x n| = |A|.1.sin(θ)
Sketch the results.

7. (20) For a cubic polynomial, f(1)=2, f(2)=3, f(3)=2, and f(4)=2. What is f(5)?
Where f(u) = a u3 + b u2 + c u + d

Note: You may keep the question paper.

1. (10) Write down the CAD geometric data transfer (exchange) formats between software packages.

IGES, STL, DXF, PATRAN, VRML, PDES, STEP, Parasolid, ACIS, SET, RENDER

2. (10) What are the differences between Bezier and Spline curves?

Bezier curve uses control points for approximate form, or points on curve for interpolate form.
Curve degree is (n-1), where n is the number of points.

Spline curve is the same of Bezier, except curve degree is defined by user.

3. (15) Develop the necessary transformation (B to B*) to accomplish the rotation θ of a rectangle B
about A. Write the detailed elements of matrices.

T=T(A).Rz(θ).T(-A) B*=T.B
tangent
y y circle to
P1
B a line
P0
P2
P2
r?
A p(u)
B* θ
y P3
P0 P1 n1?
x x
rotate of rectangle Quadratic curve x
Fig.Q.3 Fig.Q.4 and Q.5 Fig.Q.6

4. (15) Why do the following quadratic curve in figure, touch their control polygons at end points?
p(u) = (1 - u)2 P0 + 2 u (1 - u) P1 + u2 P2

Because the weights of the end points become one and the others go to zero at end points.
p(0) = (1 - 0)2 P0 + 2 . 0 (1 - 0) P1 + 02 P2 = P0
p(1) = (1 - 1)2 P0 + 2 . 1 (1 - 1) P1 + 12 P2 = P2

5. (10) How do you construct a straight line with uniform parameterization between control points P0
and P2 by a quadratic Bezier curve. Determine the location of control point, P1 to create a straight
line with uniform parameterization between P0 and P2 (first and last points).

The location of control point, P1 should be put at the middle of P0 and P2.

6. (20) Find the tangent point P3 and radius r of circle defined by center P0=(2,6) to line between
P1=(1,2), P2=(7,6) ? Use vector algebra A • B = |A|.|B|.cos(θ) |A x n| = |A|.1.sin(θ)
Sketch the results.
7. (20) For a cubic polynomial, f(1)=2, f(2)=3, f(3)=2, and f(4)=2. What is f(5)?
Where f(u) = a u3 + b u2 + c u + d
8. (20) Approximate the half circle by a Bezier curve composed of three control points.

n = 2 . Therefore, the number of control points are three.

2
P (u )   C i2 u i (1  u ) 2i Pi  C 02 (1  u ) 2 P0  C12 u (1  u ) P1  C 22 u 2 P2
i 0
n!
C in  P (u )  (1  u ) 2 P0  2 u (1  u ) P1  u 2 P2
i ! (n  i) !
P2 P1

p(t)

r=1
O P0
Therefore, P(u=0)=P0=(1,0,0) P(u=1)=P2=(0,1,0)

We determine P1 such that the midpoint of the Bezier curve corresponds to that of the circular arc.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
P( u  )  P0  2 P1  P2  P0  P1  P2  (cos( / 4) sin( / 4 0)
2 4 2 2 4 4 2 4

1 1 1 1 2 2
P( u  )  (1 0 0)  P1  (0 1 0)  ( 0)
2 4 2 4 2 2

2 1 2 1 1 1
P1  2 (   0)  ( 2  2 0)
2 4 2 4 2 2