I.

Introduction

Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering (BSCpE), Bachelor of

Science in Information Technology (BSIT) and Bachelor of Science in Computer
Science (BSCS) prepare students to be professionals and are capable of
applying principles and methodologies in the analysis, design, implementation
and management of hardware, software and integration of both. The output
oriented courses Design Projects (CMO 13 s. 2008) which will be taken during
fifth year for BSCpE students and Capstone Project (CMO 53 s. 2006) which will
be taken during fourth year for BSIT students, in a form of industry-based
projects, are offered to confirm if the students already has the aforementioned
professional capabilities and are therefore ready to graduate.

These courses are very rigid in the sense that the expected knowledge
that they have earned on each course in their preceding years of stay in this
institution needs to be used effectively for the success and completion of their
software and hardware or integration of both designs, in which the hands-on and
combined effort of all the individuals involved are greatly needed including the
evaluation of the target community/establishment.

The Capstone Project and Design Project have a number of educational

objectives. Although each Research / Capstone t/ Design Project is different and
the relative emphasis will vary, the subject will involve students in:

 bringing together and integrating knowledge and skills in the course as a

whole;
 reinforcing and developing competencies that have not been sufficiently
emphasized in the fundamental subjects;
 defining a substantial engineering study or design task and carrying it to
completion within a specified time and to a professional standard;
 completing a comprehensive written and bound report that places the
Research / Capstone Project and Design Project in context, defines its
objectives, and describes the work done with the resulting conclusions or
recommendations;
 bridging the gap between the undergraduate studies and the professional
future, and demonstrating professional competencies and capabilities; and
 demonstrating initiative and creativity, taking pride in the achievement of a
difficult task.

Through this course, students are prepared in their respective careers.

The bulk of the work (i.e., the Research / Capstone Project and Design Project
work itself) is to be done outside of the classroom.

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 POLICIES AND GUIDELINES IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH PROJECT

The undergraduate thesis is a culminating experience of undergraduate

studies at the Colegio de Kidapawan. A thesis is a technical report or scientific
paper that describes original research results with data that have been collected,
analyzed, interpreted, and presented in an organized form. As such, it shall
conform to standard methods and styles of presentation. The presentation shall
be clear and concise. Each sentence shall be meaningful and shall avoid the use
of poetic, flowery phrases or descriptions made in a roundabout matter. It must
be presented in a uniform scholarly manner, professionally designed and
properly documented, as it reports the original studies completed by the student
under the supervision of his or her adviser. This is submitted by the senior
student to the College where he belongs Department as a partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree sought for.

The BS thesis is hard bound, with dark green cover for the Department of
Information Technology (IT) and Computer Science, orange for the Computer
Engineering. One copy will be electronically submitted and indexed as part of
the permanent collection of the Colegio de Kidapawan Library, and accessible
worldwide.

This Manual is designed to assist students and their advisers in the

preparation of thesis, capstone project and design project. The primary purpose
of this manual is to provide certain uniform standards regarding style and format
and to allow enough flexibility to satisfy the acceptable practices of each
academic discipline.

A. Selection of a Research Topic

There are certain guidelines or criteria in selecting a research of project

topic. It must be within the specialization, capability and interest of the researcher
or project team. The research or project topic must be related to his/her degree
program so that he/she is competent to tackle it. It must be feasible within the
time and resources of the student and the College

B. Tips in the Conduct of Student’s Research

In the conduct of any method of research, the student researchers are

reminded of a SMART research or project work (Simple, Manageable, Attainable,
Realistic and Time-bound).

1. Specific. Student researchers must consider a problem for research

that is simple and interesting.

2. Manageable. The researcher or project team must consider his/her

familiarity with the topic or problem selected. This also means he/she

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 has easy access to relevant related literatures, data or events
enhanced both from the libraries or internet.

3. Attainable. Student researcher or project team must see to it that they

have the capability to work on their preferred problem. Availability of
proposed respondents, time and financial resources must be
considered for the success of this endeavor.

4. Realistic. The preferred topic/problem is a contemporary real problem

in the actual teaching-learning process or anything that is related to the
degree sought by the researcher.

5. Time-bound. Research on the selected topic/problem could be

finished, defended and submitted to the College within the required
duration of the work (3 to 5 months).

C. Composition of the Guidance Committee (Panel)

The total members in a defense panel shall be a minimum of three (3).

The committee should be composed of the following:

 Panel Chairman
 Adviser
 Members
 English Critic

D. Incentives for the Guidance Committee

A group of researchers with three (3) members per group is required to

prepare the following fees starting second semester SY: 2010 – 2011.

Rate per Group

Outline Manuscript
1. Panel Chairman 300 300
2. Members 200 200
3. Adviser 400 400
4. English Critic 300 300
Total 1,200.00 1,200.00

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E. Research / Capstone Project and Design Project Agenda

The Research/Capstone Project agenda and Design Project thrust of the

Information Technology Education and Engineering Department in this college
includes the following:

 Business and Industry Development

 Business Studies
 Industry Studies or Ancillary Studies
 Spatial Studies
 Socioeconomic Development Component
 Poverty Studies
 Education Studies
 Good Governance Studies
 Poverty Alleviation and Reduction of Income Inequality
 Addressing Urban-Industrial Spatial Imbalances
 Promoting a Globally-Competitive Service Sector in Central Mindanao

F. Suggested Areas of Research / Capstone Project and Design Projects

Research / Capstone Project and Design Project Categories

The Research / Capstone Project and Design Project must be useful to

any community/establishment of the same nature or scope. It must not exist or
have been proposed by previous Proponents/Researchers. The Research /
Capstone Project and Design Project must not be developed using the off-the-
shelf application programs. The proposed computerized/automated system may
fall in any of the following categories, but not limited to:
Software Development

 Software Customization (most especially FOSS)

 IS Development (with at least Alpha Testing with Live Servers
 Web Applications Development
 Mobile Computing Systems
 Embedded Systems
 Micro Electronics
Multimedia Systems

 Game Development
 E-learning Systems
 Interactive Systems
 Information Kiosks

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Network Design and Implementation

 IT Management
 IT Strategic Plan
 IT Security Analysis, Planning and Implementation
 System and Network Management

Artificial Intelligences

 Robotics

G. Pre-requisites

The student must finish the following courses that prepare him/her to
undergo a formal capstone project/research study:

 Methods of Research - for research methodologies (e.g. descriptive

research method)
 Technical Writing - for formal articles/writing and presentation skills
 Systems Analysis and Design - for Software Development steps or life
cycle
 Probability and Statistics - for statistical process/treatment
 Software Engineering co-requisite for software development paradigms
 Microprocessor System - for hardware (firmware) programming.

H. Research / Capstone / Design Project Team

The Capstone/Design Project team is composed of at most five (5)

members. The following are the four roles that the proponents/researchers
should play:

 Project Manager - The person with authority to manage a Research/

Capstone Project or Design Project. This includes leading the planning
and the development of all Research/Capstone Project and Design Project
deliverables. The project manager is responsible for the budget, work plan
and all Project Management Procedures (scope management, issues
management, risk management, etc.).
 Systems Analyst – the person who checks that all parts of the system are
coordinated.
 Programmers/Designers - The persons who design, write, and test
computer programs and hardware components.
 QA Staff/Tester - A person who ensures the quality of the
software/hardware product and help find and eliminate any bugs. He
determines the functionality of every aspect of a particular application.

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  Documenter/Technical Writer - A person who writes the Research /
Capstone Project or Design Project study document, the system and the
Research/Capstone Project or Design Project manuscript.
I. Duties and Responsibilities of the Proponents/Researchers

1) Keep informed of the Capstone Project or Design Project Guidelines and

Policies.
2) Keep informed of the schedule of Research/Capstone Project or Design
Project activities, required deliverables and deadlines posted by Adviser
and Dean.
3) Submit on time all deliverables specified in this document as well as those
to be specified by the Adviser and Dean.
4) Submit on time all requirements identified by the Capstone Project or
Design Project Oral Defense Panel during the Oral Defense.
5) Submit on time the requirements identified by the adviser throughout the
duration of the Capstone/Design Project.
6) Schedule regular meetings (at least once a month) with the Adviser
throughout the duration of the Capstone/Design Project. The meetings
serve as a venue for the proponent to report the progress of their work, as
well as raise any issues or concerns.
7) Schedule regular meetings (at least once in a semester) with the Dean
throughout the duration of the Capstone Project.
J. Policy on Regrouping

Regrouping is allowed if less than 3 members of the group remain from

subject should this happen, the group may be disbanded and members of these
affected groups may join in other groups for as long as the maximum number for
each group is followed. However, if the remaining member(s) decide(s) to
continue with his/their Research/Capstone Project or Design Project, regrouping
may not apply but with consent of the Adviser and the Dean. Revision of the
scope may then be an option. The title/topic to be pursued will then be decided
among the team members and the Dean.

K. Research / Capstone Project and Design Project Adviser

The subject teacher is by default the adviser of all groups assigned to him
or her.

L. Duties and Responsibilities of the Subject Teacher

1) Announce Research/Capstone Project and Design Project areas (at the

start of each semester) to the students;

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 2) Conduct general meetings with the students to discuss the Capstone /
Design Project Guidelines, Policies and Deliverables, and to allow the
students to raise and clarify issues;
3) Select a Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense panel for each team;
4) Schedule Research/Capstone Project or Design Project activities, such as
the deadlines of deliverables and Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense
sessions.
5) Post schedules, Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense guidelines,
requirements guidelines, and other announcements;
6) Furnish every member of the Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense panel
with all the necessary documents before the Proposal Hearing or Oral
Defense;
7) File at least one copy of the Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense panel's
evaluation (including revisions) and the Revised and Approved
Deliverables at every stage of the Research / Capstone Project.
8) Submit collated grades of students under his/her section for that term.
M. Duties and Responsibilities of the Adviser

1) Ensures that the study proposed by the students conforms to the standard
of the College.
2) Guides the Research / Capstone Project and Design Project students in
the following tasks while in the proposal stage:

a) Defining the research problems/objectives in clear specific terms

b) Building a working bibliography for the research
c) Identifying variables and formulating hypothesis, if any
d) Determining research design, population to be studied, research
environment, instruments to be used and the data collection
procedures

3) Meets the team regularly (at least twice a month, NOTE: the team must
seek proper appointment) to answer questions and help resolve impasses
and conflicts.
4) Points out errors in the development work, in the analysis, or in the
documentation. The adviser must remind the Proponents/Researchers to
do their work properly.
5) Reviews thoroughly all deliverables at every stage of the Research /
Capstone Project and Design Project to ensure that they meet the
department's standards. The adviser may also require his/her
Proponents/Researchers to submit progress reports regularly.
6) Recommends the Proponents/Researchers for Proposal Hearing and Oral
Defense. The adviser should not sign the Proposal Hearing Notice and the
Oral Defense Notice if he/she believes that the Proponents/Researchers
are not yet ready for Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense, respectively.
Thus, if the Proponents/Researchers fail in the Proposal Hearing or Oral
Defense, it is partially the adviser's fault.

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 7) Clarifies points during the Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense.
8) Ensures that all required revisions are incorporated into the appropriate
documents and/or software.
9) Keeps informed of the schedule of Research / Capstone Project and
Design Project activities, required deliverables and deadlines.
10)Recommends to the Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense panel the
nomination of his/her Research / Capstone Project for an award.
11) As a special adviser, he/she is responsible to be:

a. A provider
b. An encourager
c. A dictator
d. A pushy boss
e. A connector
f. An employment agency

N. Panel Composition

The panel is composed of 1 Chairman, 2 to 3 members, and may include

content experts and recorder as assigned if necessary. Their duties and
responsibilities include the following, but not limited to:
Duties and Responsibilities of the Panel
Chairman

1) Brief the Proponents/Researchers about the Proposal Hearing and Oral

Defense program during the actual Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense.
2) Issue the verdict. The verdict is a unanimous decision among the three
members of the Capstone Project Proposal Hearing and Oral Defense
panel. Once issued, it is final and irrevocable.
Panel Members / Content Expert

1) Validate the endorsement of the adviser. The panel serves as "Internal

Auditors", putting some form of check and control on the kinds of
Researches / Capstone Projects being approved by the College.
2) Evaluate the deliverables.
3) Recommend a verdict.
4) Listen and consider the request of the adviser and/or the
Proponents/Researchers.
5) Nominate a Research / Capstone Project for the Outstanding Research /
Capstone Project Award. Guidelines for the Outstanding Research /
Capstone Project Award will be provided separately.

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O. Grading System
Proposal Stage

The Final Grade of each proponent will comprise of the following:

Average grade of the Panel Members including the Chairman 60%

Adviser of the Research / Capstone / Design Project Group 30%
Co-Researcher (Peer Grading) 10%
TOTAL 100%

The rating of each proponent per panel member shall be based on the
following rubric for objective evaluation purposes:

Capstone / Design Project Proposal Manuscript (group/team grade)

40%,
Initial Pages 5
• Table of contents is consistent
• Acknowledgement is brief and formal
• Abstract is brief but complete
Chapter 1 5
• Introduction is intact and provides clear overview of the
entire Research / Capstone Project
• Statement of the Problem / Objects is SMART
• Scope and Limitation of the Research / Capstone / design
Project are clearly defined
Chapter 2 5
• Related literatures are recent and relevant
• Anchor provides solid background of the Research /
Capstone Project
• Auxiliary theories are evident
• Sources are appropriately cited and noted
• Related studies are relevant and includes global and local
scope
Chapter 3 5
• There should be comprehensive discussions on the
technologies (hardware/software) involved in the Research
/ Capstone / Design Project and its related Research /
Capstone /Design Projects in the past
Chapter 4 10
• Methodology strictly follows the SDLC (esp. for Software
Development)
• Methodology includes project management techniques
appropriate for the chosen Research / Capstone / Design
Project.
• Requirements Specification is more or less complete and

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 answers the objectives
• Design Tools used are relevant and appropriate which
should be based on requirements
• Development Plan is concrete and should be consistent
with the Design
• Testing techniques to be used should assess all aspects of
the developed Research / Capstone / Design Project
• Implementation Plan should be aligned with the objectives
Final Pages 5
• Findings and Conclusions are attuned with the objectives
• Recommendations are feasible and practical
• Terms in the glossary are defined operationally
• Bibliography should be in MLA Format
• Appendices are relevant and help support the principal
content
• Glossary should be arranged alphabetically and defined
operationally
Manuscript Mechanics 5
• Organization and Fluidity of ideas are apparent
• Formatting and layout are consistent
• All parts of the manuscript should be grammatically correct

Oral Examination (Individual grade) 20%

Comprehensiveness of the Answer/Ideas 10
Contribution/Support to the Team 5
Delivery / Manner of Speaking 5

The rating/evaluation of the subject/adviser for each of the

Proponents/Researchers shall be based on the following:

Subject/Adviser’s Grade 30%

Deliverables 20
Attendance 5
Journal Entries / Attitude / Behavior 5

Verdicts

There will be four possible verdicts after the Proposal Hearing. The verdict
is a unanimous decision among the three members of the Oral Defense panel.
Once issued, it is final and irrevocable.

APPROVED. Minor revisions are necessary but they do not have to be

presented in front of and checked by all panelists. 86 – 100
APPROVED WITH REVISIONS. Major revisions shall be incorporated in
the final copy of the revised Project Proposal summary. These must be

10
 checked by the panelists. 70 – 85
DISAPPROVED. The Proponents/Researchers failed to propose a
researchable or scholarly Research / Capstone / Design Project. Below
70

System Oral Defense

Capstone Project Output (Group Grade) 60%

Oral Examination (Individual Grade) same rubric with proposal 20%
Skills Test 20%
TOTAL 100%

Capstone Project Output (Group Grade) 60%

The output should be consistent with the objectives as defined 25
during the proposal stage
All major modules and features of the system’s output as defined 25
after the proposal stage are delivered. The credit shall be based
on the percentage of delivered items.
Group Debugging 10
• The team shall display competence in resolving planted
bugs.

Verdicts

ACCEPTED WITH REVISIONS. Revisions are necessary but they do

not have to be presented in front and checked by all panelists. 70 to 100
REORAL DEFENSE. Another Oral Defense session, in which all
panelists must be present, is necessary to further clarify the objectives
and scope of the capstone project. Student must re-apply for another
Hearing Notice Form from the Center for Research if the Oral Defense is
scheduled after the semester ends. 65 to 69 and upon the panel’s
unanimous decision
NOT ACCEPTED. The proponent failed to achieve the objectives of the
research established in the proposal. The panelists’ numeric grades are
not anymore needed. Below 65

Prototype/Miniature Oral Defense

Design Project Output (Group Grade) 60%

Oral Examination (Individual Grade) same rubric with proposal 20%
Skills Test 20%
TOTAL 100%

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 Design Project Output (Group Grade) 60%
The prototype/miniature should be consistent with the objectives 25
as defined during the proposal stage
All major components (software/hardware) and features of the 25
design’s output as defined after the proposal stage are delivered.
The credit shall be based on the percentage of delivered items.
The packaging and assembly of the prototype/miniature should 10
be adequately safe, presentable and durable

Verdicts

ACCEPTED WITH REVISIONS. Revisions are necessary but they do

not have to be presented in front and checked by all panelists. 70 to 100
REORAL DEFENSE. Another Oral Defense session, in which all
panelists must be present, is necessary to further clarify the objectives
and scope of the capstone project. Student must re-apply for another
Hearing Notice Form from the Center for Research if the Oral Defense is
scheduled after the semester ends. 65 to 69 and upon the panel’s
unanimous decision
NOT ACCEPTED. The proponent failed to achieve the objectives of the
research established in the proposal. The panelists’ numeric grades are
not anymore needed. Below 65

P. Submission of Thesis

The student is required to submit copies of the final draft to the adviser
within a specified deadline given by the unit concerned. These copies are
distributed to the following:

2 Softbound copies - Adviser, Research Director

3 Hardbound copies - Library, Department, Researcher
1 e-copy - Library

Code of Cover

Paramedical - Violet
Computer Science - Dark Green
Information Technology - Dark Green
HRM - Yellow
Criminology - Red
Computer Engineering - Orange
Education - Blue

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 PART II

A. Thesis Load of Faculty

Equal sharing of student –adviser ratio should be strictly followed. Student

advisees should be equally divided among the faculty members per Department.
As much as possible, no faculty will be given monopoly of advisement.

Parts of Undergraduate Thesis Outline and Manuscript

Research / Project Manuscript Outline (BSIT)

 Title Page
 Executive Summary or Abstract
 Transmittal
 Approval Sheet
 Curriculum Vitae
 Acknowledgement
 Dedication
 Table of Contents
 List of Figures
 List of Tables

 CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
o Project Context /background of the study
o Statement of the Problem
o Objectives of the Project
o Significance of the Project
o Scope and Limitations of the Project
 CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
o Related Literature / Theoretical Background ( foreign and local)
o Related Studies ( foreign and local)
 CHAPTER III – TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
o Technicality of the project
 Joomla framework
o Details of the technologies to be used
 Website structure
 Website/System architecture
o How the project will work

 CHAPTER IV – METHODOLOGY
o Environment
 Locale

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  Population of the Study
 Organizational Chart/Profile
o Requirements Specifications
 Operational Feasibility
 Fishbone Diagram
 Functional Decomposition Diagram
 Technical Feasibility
 Compatibility checking (hardware / software and other
technologies)
 Relevance of the technologies
 Schedule Feasibility
 Gantt Chart
 Economic Feasibility
 Cost and Benefit Analysis
 Cost Recovery Scheme
 Web Engineering Process Model
 Requirements Modeling
 Input
 Process
 Output
 Performance
 Control
 Either of the following two (2) or combined, whichever
are applicable:
o Data and Process Modeling
 Context Diagram
 Data Flow Diagram
 System Flowchart
 Program Flowchart
o Object Modeling
 Use Case Diagram
 Class Diagram
 Sequence Diagram
 Activity Diagram
o Design
 Output and User-Interface Design
 Forms
 Reports
 Data Design
 Entity Relationship Diagram (preferably done in MS
Access [but MS Access is discouraged as DBMS])
 Data Dictionary
 System Architecture
 Network Model

14
  Network Topology
 Security
o Development
 Software Specification
 Hardware Specification
 Program Specification
 Programming Environment
 Front End
 Back End
 Deployment Diagram
 Test Plan
 SUMMARY
 CONCLUSIONS
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 APPENDICES
o Relevant Source Code
o Evaluation Tool
o Sample Input / Output / Reports
o Users Guide
o Other Relevant Documents
o Grammarian’s Certification
 GLOSSARY

Research / Project Manuscript Outline (BSCS)

 Title Page
 Executive Summary or Abstract
 Transmittal
 Approval Sheet
 Curriculum Vitae
 Acknowledgement
 Dedication
 Table of Contents
 List of Figures

15
 List of Tables

 CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
o Background of the study
o Statement of the Problem
o Objectives of the Study
o Significance of the Project
o Scope and Limitations of the Study
 CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
o Related Literature / Theoretical Background ( foreign and local)
 CHAPTER III – THEORITICAL BACKGROUND/ CONCEPTUAL
FRAMWORK
o Details of the technologies to be used
 Website structure
 Website/System architecture
o How the project will work
 CHAPTER IV – METHODOLOGY
 Research Design
 Locale of the Study
 Respondents of the Study
 Web Design Algorithm
 Programming Languages and Script
 Flow Chart of the Prototype
 Organizational Chart/Profile
 SUMMARY
 CONCLUSIONS
 RECOMMENDATIONS
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 APPENDICES
o Relevant Source Code
o Evaluation Tool
o Sample Input / Output / Reports
o Users Guide
o Other Relevant Documents
o Grammarian’s Certification
 GLOSSARY

16
Research / Project Manuscript Outline (BSCpE)

 Title Page
 Abstract
 Transmittal
 Approval Sheet
 Curriculum Vitae
 Acknowledgement
 Dedication
 Table of Contents
 List of Figures
 List of Tables

 CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION
o Background of the Study
o Statement of the Problem
o Objectives of the Study
o Significance of the Study
o Scope and Limitations of the Study

17
 o Definition of Terms
 CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
o Related Literature ( foreign and local)
 CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY
o Block Diagram
o Circuit Diagram
o Hardware Implementation
o Firmware Implementation
 CHAPTER IV – PROJECT INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION
 CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, DESIGN TESTING AND RESULT
o Summary
o Design Testing
o Result and Findings
o Conclusion
o Recommendation
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 APPENDICES
o Community/Establishment Evaluation Sheet
o Gantt Chart
o IC Pin Configuration
o Firmware Source Code
o System Source Code
o Parts List
o Bill of Materials
o Pictorials

18
 PART III

CONTENTS OF A THESIS MANUSCRIPT

A. Preliminary Pages

1. Title Page

The title page is the first page among the Preliminary Pages, although the
page number is not printed on it. The following information are contained in the
title page:

 exact title of the research study (upper-case letters, bold, inverted pyramid
style)
 full name/s of the student researcher/s (upper-case letters, bold)
 degree pursued by the student/s (upper-case letters, bold)
 department to which the paper is presented,
 month and year the research paper is defended.

2. Transmittal Page

The transmittal page is an endorsement of the Adviser of the thesis and

acceptance of the Department Chairman.

3. Approval Page

The approval page includes the following:

19
  name of the researcher/s (upper-case letters, bold)
 title of the research paper (upper-case letters, bold)
 the degree pursued by the student (upper case letters, bold)
 members of the panel with their signatures indicating their approval of the
research work (names in upper case letters, bold)
 study number assigned by the Director of Research & signature
 signature of the Vice President for Academic Affairs.

4. Biographical Sketch

The biographical sketch includes following:

 name of the researcher/s

 date and place of birth
 Tribe
 Status
 present address
 educational background
 schools attended and location
 honors, awards and scholarships (if there are any)
 memorable co-curricular experiences
 special trainings and seminars attended.

This is written in the third person and must be signed by the author/s.

5. Acknowledgment

The Acknowledgment Page states the involvement of the other people,

institutions or groups that extended specific help to the researcher. It is written in
the third person. Here, the researchers express their appreciation and gratitude
for assistance received for the successful conduct of the Study.

6. Table of Contents

The Table of Contents lists all parts of the report which include the
Preliminary Pages and all the Chapters with sub_-headings:

 Chapter 1 - Introduction
 Chapter 2 - Review of Related Literature
 Chapter 3 – Methodology
 Chapter 4 – Project Interpretation and Discussion
 Chapter 5 - Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
 Literature Cited
 Appendices

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7. List of Tables

The List of Tables contains the exact titles or captions on all tables in the
text, with the corresponding page number (aligned at the right margin). Each
caption contains a period at the end, written single- spaced but with two spaces
between each entry.

8. List of Figures

The List of Figures contains the exact caption of the figures in the text.
Figures may include photographs, graphs and other illustrative materials. Just
like in the List of Tables, it has a figure number, has a period at the end, typed
single-spaced and with two spaces between each entry.

9. Abstract

The Abstract contains the objectives, brief methodology, highlights of the

results and conclusions. It aims to draw attention to the information contained in
the text and provides a sufficient basis for the reader to judge whether or not to
consult the text. It includes sufficient details to convince the reader that the
findings are interesting and the thesis worth reading. It should be about 250
words only.

It has a Bibliographic Citation that should contain the following elements:

Author, Year. Title, Acronym of Degree followed by the word Thesis, full name of
the College, address and no. of pages.

The name of the Adviser should be printed in bold, uppercase letters,

three spaces from the preceding line. The Abstract Proper must be printed three
spaces below the name of the adviser.

B. Main Body of the Text

1. Introduction

The Introduction captures the interest of the reader as it contains

information regarding background/rationale of the study. It contains the following:

 background of the study

 statement of the problem
 objectives of the study
 significance of the study
 scope and limitation of the study
 definition of terms
 theoretical/conceptual framework of the study (optional)

21
  hypotheses of the study (optional)

a. The background of the study

The start of the Introduction is the presentation of the problem, the

existence of an unsatisfactory condition, a felt problem that needs a solution The
Background of the Study is a brief statement of the origin of the problem

b. Statement of the problem

There must be at least one paragraph stating the research gap or

problem. This is followed by the research questions which must be answered by
the research study.

c. Objectives of the study

The Research Objectives specify what the researcher wants to do and find
out. There must be general and specific objectives which are in agreement with
the research questions.

d. Importance or significance of the study

The Importance or Significance explains the rationale, timeliness,

relevance, possible solutions, advantages to the beneficiaries, possible
contribution to knowledge and implications.

e. Scope and limitation of the study

The Scope and Limitation includes the specific variables of study, the
locale of the study, the samples, the respondents and weaknesses of the Study
which are beyond the control of the researcher.

f. Definition of terms

The Definition of Terms is important particularly in research studies on

Social Science. Only the terms, words or phrases where special meanings or
unique meanings in the Study are defined. Terms are defined operationally. The
researcher may develop his own definition that is suited to his Study.

g. Conceptual framework of the study

22
 The Conceptual Framework is based on the Review of Related Literature.
This is a tentative explanation of the phenomenon or problem and serves as the
basis for the formulation of the research hypothesis. It consists of the
researcher’s own position on the problem after his exposure to various theories
he learned in the Review of Related Literature. Generally, most theses do not
have a thorough discussion of the Conceptual Framework. Instead, a paradigm is
presented in a diagrammatic representation of the Conceptual Framework. It
includes the independent and dependent variables and their possible interaction
to one another.

2. Review of Related Literature

This is composed of the discussion of facts and principles to which the

present Study is related. This provides a general picture of the research study
and contains findings and conclusions from past research studies Generally,
Studies conducted during the past ten years only are recommended. In citing the
source of the Study, the family name of the author and year of publication are
included. This section must be organized or composed by topic provided with
sub-headings. Sources must be acknowledged using the author-year system.

3. Methodology

This section explains how the Study is to be or was conducted. It includes

the description of the samples, respondents, sampling procedure, treatments,
method of data collection, research instruments/tools, research design and data
analysis.

If there is a questionnaire or interview schedule, it must be described

properly, how it was formulated, pre-tested and administered. In the case of
laboratory analysis, the apparatus/equipment must be described and the brand
must be specified.

The Research Design must be indicated. Analysis of the data will be

discussed stating the appropriate statistical test/s to be used.

4. Results and Discussion

This section deals with the presentation and discussion of findings. It is

recommended that the data are summarized in tables, graphs or figures and that
the presentation is not repeated in other places. The data must be sufficiently
explained.

Generally, the textual presentation of the data precedes the tabular

presentation. The table with its textual presentation must be placed as near as
possible to each other. Graphs may be used to present quantitative changes of a

23
variable in comparison with those of another variable or variables in a
diagrammatic form.

Tables and figures are placed the next page they are first mentioned. As
much as possible, tables should not be cut. If the data could not be
accommodated in one page, the font size may be reduced slightly or presented
in a landscape form.

5. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

This is the most important part because it presents the whole thesis: brief
statement of the purpose of the study, brief methodology, highlights of the
findings, generalizations/conclusions and recommendations.

Conclusions are inferences, implications and/or generalizations based on

the findings of the study. Recommendations are appeals to people to help solve
the problems discovered. They may be recommendations for the continuance of
a good practice, recommendations for a better practice or further researches
related to the Study. This section is usually a good source of potential
researchable topics.

6. Literature Cited

This section contains the list of references actually cited anywhere in the
introduction, methodology, review of literature, or results and discussion. It
provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source
cited in the body of the paper. Each source cited in the paper must appear in the
reference list. . Entries should be arranged alphabetically, written single spaced
and separated by two spaces. The first line of every entry is "left-flushed" while
the succeeding lines are indented. Works published 5 to 10 years ago only are
recommended for use/citation.

Works by the same author published in different dates should be

presented chronologically. Those published in the same year are listed
alphabetically by title with lower-case letters attached to the year (example:
1995a, 1995b).

C. APA Basic Rules

1. All lines after the first line of each entry in the reference list should be
indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging
indentation.

2. In writing the Literature Cited, the last name of the author is written first,
then given name initial and middle initial. If the work has more than six

24
 authors, list the first six authors and then use et al. after the sixth author's
name to indicate the rest of the authors.

3. Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first
author of each work.
4. The date in the text should be the same as in the list of Literature Cited.
5. If there is more than one article by the same author, single-author
references or multiple-author references with the same authors in the
exact same order, they must be listed in order by the year of publication,
starting with the earliest.

6. When referring to any work that is an article in a journal, or Web page,

capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and sub-title, the first
word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not
capitalize the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound
word.

7. Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals.

8. Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works
such as journal articles or essays in edited collections.

9. Put a period to denote end of every literature citation.

D. Reference List: Author/Authors

The following rules for handling works by a single author or multiple

authors apply to all APA-style references regardless of the type of work (book,
article, electronic resource, etc.)

1. Book (single author)

Family Name 1st , then, Initials of Given Name and Middle

Name. Year of Publication. Title of the Book. Place of Publication: Publisher.
Pages.

Asaad, Abubakar S. 2008. Statistics Made Simple for

Researchers. Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store. pp. 15-20.

2. Book (more than one author)

List by their last names and initials. Use & instead of

"and" to connect the last author.

Claudio, V.S, Dirige, O.V & Ruiz, A.J. 2004. Basic

Nutrition for Filipinos. 5th Ed. Manila, Philippines:

25
Merriam & Webster Bookstore, Inc. pp. 1 – 5.

3. Article in a research journal

Cedeno, R.G, Gerali, T.C., Matunding, J.A., Saure, E.T.,

Bello, V.P. & Espero, A.F. 2008. Level of awareness on drug addiction and illegal
drug use among the CdK students. Colegio de Kidapawan Research Journal, 1
(1), 8-20.

4. Thesis

Villegas, C.A. 2010. Self-Image Concept of College and

Non-College Waiters and Waitresses of Restaurants in Kidapawan City.
Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant
Management. Colegio de Kidapawan, Kidapawan City. 26 pp.

5. Article from a magazine

Varona, L.L. 2010. Insulin shots for diabetes. Health and Home, 51(4), 19.

6. Article from an internet source

Author. Year of Publication. Title of Article. Website and Date Retrieved.

Valencia, C. 2006. Building self esteem. Retrieved from www.selfgrowth.com.

7. Article from a newspaper

Avila, B.S. 2010. Anti-RH: Our people are our greatest asset. The
Philippine Star, December 1, 2010, p. 18.

8. List of appendices

Appendices include important communications, questionnaires, budgetary

requirements, schedule of research activities and report of defense form.

This section contains the letters and captions of all appendices

(application for thesis defense/result of oral examination, tables, maps, etc.)
found after the Literature Cited, with their corresponding page numbers (aligned
at the right margin).

26
 PART IV

STYLE AND MECHANICS IN WRITING THE RESEARCH PAPER

Research writing is an important component of a Research. Almost half of

the work in research is the writing of the findings.

The Research Paper is an objective presentation of the facts about the

subject. The written research must be accurate, properly attributed, balanced and
fair, objective and brief. Writing is direct, clear, simple and straightforward. It
avoids clichés and redundancies (Portillo, et al., 2003).

A. Style in Writing a Research Paper

Style usually suggests an aesthetic quality of the paper. There are

different styles but generally, a common style is adapted by an educational or
research institution. What matters is that there is consistency of style in all the
parts of the research paper. Usually, style is depicted in spacing between the
main and sub_headings. The following format is adapted by the College:

Chapter No.
2 single spaces
TITLE OF CHAPTER
3 single spaces
First Main Heading
3 single spaces
First Side Heading
2 single spaces

Indented side heading. Start the paragraph here.

27
 3 single spaces
Second Main Heading
3single spaces
Second Side Heading
2 single spaces

Indented side heading Start the paragraph here.

B. Tenses and Person

The Literature Review is appropriately written in the past tense as it

focuses on the findings of studies in the past. In the Methodology section, the
future tense is used in the Research Outline while past tense is used in the final
Research Report. Present tense is used to describe or discuss results/findings
when referring to the data in the tables and figures in the text. If referring to the
findings of the study, past tense is used.

The research report is written in the third person. Ordinarily, the use of "I" or
"you" is avoided. If you want to refer to you as the author, speak of "the writer",
“researcher” or "the author".

C. Abbreviation

Abbreviations may be necessary to save space. A term to be used must

be spelled out first time it is used. Then, its abbreviation is enclosed in
parenthesis. Examples are grams (g), minutes (min), kilograms (kg), sodium
hydroxide (NaOH), per cent (%), and versus (vs) among others. Whatever
abbreviation is used, it must be based on the standard being used.

D. Use of Foreign Words and Scientific Names

Foreign words and scientific names must be italicized. However, words

and expressions that have been anglicized may not be italicized like per cent, per
se, milieu, bona fide, a priori, per annum, ex officio, per capita, visa, ad infinitum,
status quo, habeas corpus, ex post facto and via among others.

E. Numbers and Numerals

One-digit numbers should be spelled out while numbers starting from 10

must be written as numerals. Any number at the beginning of a sentence must be
spelled out. When referring to a series like 1 to 10, numbers are written as
numerals. Figures or numerals may be used when referring to units of
measurement, ages, times and dates, sums of money, pages, series and score
or points on a scale. Examples are 5 or five mL, 5 or five years old, 12:30 P.M.,
October 31, 2010, etc.

28
F. Paper, Size, Margins and Paging

The standard paper is 8.5 X 11 inches, white book paper, substance 20. In
the Preliminary pages, the page number is written in small Roman numeral at the
center bottom starting with the 3rd page as iii. In the text, the page number is
written in Arabic at the upper right corner. The page numbers at the beginning of
a chapter must be invisible. The left and upper margin is 1.5 inches while the
right and bottom margin is 1.2 inches.

G. Documentation

The Reference-cited format is preferred in most scientific writing. It is

listing the research references in alphabetical order at the end of the paper.
(Please refer to Literature Cited). In the text, referral to the reference material is
author-year system. Ex. According to David (2002)…

29
 PART V

APPENDICES

30
Appendix 1. Sample of a Title Page

MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING STRATEGIES OF DIFFERENT HOTELS IN

DAVAO CITY

EDWIN D. MUYCO

A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Hotel and Restaurant Management,

Colegio de Kidapawan, Kidapawan City, in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements in

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOTEL AND RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT

31
 MARCH 2006

Appendix 2. Sample of a Transmittal Page

COLEGIO DE KIDAPAWAN
Kidapawan City

HOTEL AND RESTAURANT DEPARTMENT

TRANSMITTAL

The thesis attached hereto entitled "SALES PROMOTION AND

TECHNIQUES OF SELECTED RESTAURANTS IN KIDAPAWAN CITY",
prepared and submitted by MARY ANN V. ALERTA, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN HOTEL AND
RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT is hereby accepted and endorsed.

HELEN B. QUIMCO, MBA, Ph. DBM (Cand.)

Adviser

______________________
Date

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING.

32
 ARVI M. SUAN, BSHRM
Department Head

____________________
Date

Appendix 3.a Sample of an Approval Sheet (BSIT/BSCS)

COLEGIO DE KIDAPAWAN
Kidapawan City

APPROVAL SHEET

This Capstone Project entitled “THE DEVELOPMENT OF WEBSITE FOR

JBL LODGE” prepared and submitted by BADILLA, MARY JEAN A., and
PERALTA, JOAN H., for the degree Bachelor of Science in Information
Technology, has passed the standards by the Colegio de Kidapawan School and
has been successfully defended before the panel

CAMILO A. ANDI JR. DIT (CAR)

Major Adviser

________________
Date

ERWIN M PLANA, MAEd MARLOWE E. LLORITO, MAT, MIM

Panel 1 Panel 2

__________________ __________________
Date Date

CLINT D. HASSAN, DIT (CAR)

Chairman

__________________
Date

==========================================

33
 Accepted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY.

CAMILO A. ANDI JR., DIT (CAR)

DEAN, ITE Department

__________________
Date
Appendix 3.b Sample of an Approval Sheet

COLEGIO DE KIDAPAWAN
Kidapawan City

APPROVAL SHEET

Names: AIZA LUNESA, FLORIE MAE ELICAN, JOSYL

PALENCIA,
IRENE ESPINAL & JENALOU FORDAN
Degree Sought: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
Title: BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES ON PREMARITAL SEX
AMONG
BSNURSING STUDENTS OF COLEGIO DE
KIDAPAWAN

==========================================
APPROVED BY THE GUIDANCE COMMITTEE

LOURDES P. FERNANDEZ, RN, MAN (Cand.)_____________________

Adviser Date

VIOLETA P. BELLO, Ph.D. _____________________

Co-Adviser Date

ARNEL L. MANOJO, MEP-ECE _____________________

Statistician Date

TELLY A. GONZALES, RN, MBA _____________________

Department Research Coordinator Date
==========================================
Study No. _______ NOTED:

34
 VIOLETA P. BELLO, Ph. D.
Director of Research

ROSE MARIE B. BUGARIN, Ph. D.

Vice President for Academic Affairs
_____________________________
Date
Appendix 4. Sample of an Abstract

CADURNIGARA, DANDY P., JUMARD V. FUENTES, RICO L. MAGSAEL,

RHINO M. RAMOS & KHENN C. TUYO. March 2008, MURDER CRIMES
AND EXTENT OF APPRHENSION OF THE CRIMINALS IN KIDAPAWAN
CITY (2007). Bachelor of Science in Criminology. Colegio de Kidapawan,
Kidapawan City, 45 pp.

Adviser: Ms. Althea Lou F. Espero, R.Crim.

Co-Adviser: Dr. Violeta P. Bello

A study to determine the murder crimes committed and extent of

apprehension of the suspects in Kidapawan City during the period, January to
December 2007 was conducted in Colegio de Kidapawan, Kidapawan City from
October 2007 to March 2008. Specifically, the study aimed to classify the murder
crimes committed, find out the reasons for committing the crimes, the places
where the crimes were committed and the extent of apprehension of the criminal
suspects. The data were taken from the records of the Kidapawan City Police
Station. All the murder crimes reported were analyzed.

Findings of the study show that there were 13 murder crimes reported in
the Kidapawan City Police Station in 2007. Out of these, a total of 10 or 62
percent were classified as attempted and frustrated murder. Only three (3) or
24% were consummated murder crimes. Twenty two (22) or 96 percent of the
suspects were males and 78% were detained while the remaining 22% were at
large. Most of the murder crimes happened either in the streets (23%) or in resto
bars (23%).

Fifty four percent (54%) of the murder crimes were committed under the
influence of liquor, 23% under the influence of drugs, 15% due to land conflict
and eight percent was committed because of the intention to have revenge. Only
five or 35% of the murder crimes were solved while the rest were unsolved due
to lack of witnesses and evidences.

35
Appendix 5. Application for Thesis Defense

Colegio de Kidapawan
Kidapawan City

APPLICATION FOR THESIS OUTLINE/MANUSCRIPT DEFENSE

RESEARCHER/S: _________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________

DEGREE SOUGHT: _________________________________

TITLE OF THESIS: __________________________________

DATE OF EXAMINATION: ________________________ TIME: __________

Please Check: ______ Outline ______ Manuscript

APPROVAL FOR ORAL DEFENSE

NAME SIGNATURE DATE

_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Adviser
_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Examiner
_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Research Coordinator

REPORT OF THE RESULT OF THE ORAL DEFENSE

NAME SIGNATURE Remarks

(Passed or Failed)

36
_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Adviser
_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Examiner
_____________________ ___________________ ______________
Research Coordinator

Appendix 6. Routing Slip

Colegio de Kidapawan
Kidapawan City

Routing Slip

Processing of thesis Outline/ Manuscript

RESEARCHER/S: _________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________

DEGREE SOUGHT: _________________________________

TITLE OF THESIS: __________________________________

A. For Reproduction

PERSONS CONCERNED (Print Names) Signature Date Remarks

Adviser:
Statistician:
Research Coordinator:
Research Director: VIOLETA P. BELLO, PH. D.

B. For Binding VIOLETA P. BELLO, Ph. D.

Research Director

Nursing – Violet Criminology – Red

HRM – Dark Yellow Comp. Science – Dark Green
Comp. Eng’g. – Orange Education – Blue

37
Number of Copies:

3 Soft bound copies – Subject Teacher, Adviser, Research Director

3 Hard bound copies – Library Department, Research

Appendix 7. Format of Budgetary Requirements

I. Personal Services Amount

Honoraria: Adviser _______________

Statistician _______________

English Critic _______________

Panelists/Examiners (2) _______________

Others (Please Specify) _______________

Sub Total _______________

II. Maintenance and Operating Expenses (MOE)

Travel Transportation _______________

Communication _______________
Supplies (See attached) _______________
Miscellaneous _______________
Summary (reproduction and binding) _______________
Contingency (10% of MOE) _______________

Sub Total _______________

III. Capital Outlay _______________

Grand total _______________

Submitted by: _____________________

Researcher

38
 Noted by: _________________________
Adviser
_______________
Date

Appendix 8. Format of Schedule of Research Activities

ACTIVITY To Start To End DURATION

(Days)

Approval of Research Title

Preparation of Outline

Pre-checking Outline

Oral Defense of Outline

Final-checking Outline

Typing and Binding

Submission of Outline

Conduct Study

Write Research Manuscript

Pre-checking

Final-checking

Oral Defense

Revising of Manuscript

39
 Submission of Manuscript

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Some contents of this Research Manual were adapted from the:

1. Calderon, J. F and Gonzales, E.C. 1993. Methods of Research and Thesis

Writing. 125 Pioneer Ave., Mandaluyong City, Philippines: National Book
Store. 261 pp.

2. College of Education, UP 1998 Theses and Dissertations. Guidelines and

Standards. Diliman, Quezon City: College of Education, U P. 92 pp.

3. David, F. D. 2002. Understanding and Doing Research: A Handbook for

Beginners. Jaro, lloilo City: Panorama Printing Inc. 198 pp.

4. Portillo, Reynaldo, Quindara, M.C. Isles, M.,Manzano, C., Bacungan, A.,

Flores, V. Alberca, & Gamboa, I. 2003. Research and Technical Writing.
Philippines: Trinitas Publishing House.259 pp.

5. University of Southern Mindanao. 2010. Undergraduate Research Handbook.

Research and Development Office, University of Southern Mindanao,
Kabacan, Cotabato. 98 pp.

40