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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT

PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

REVISION HISTORICAL SHEET

Rev No Date Description

0 First Issued for Review

DISTRIBUTION LIST

PT. SEMEN INDONESIA

□ Project Manager
□ Project Control
□ Enqineering Manager
□ Mechanical Lead Engineer
□ Civil Lead Engineer
□ Electrical Lead Engineer
□ Instrument Lead Engineer
□ Integrator Lead Engineer
□ Safety Engineer
□ Fabrication Manager
□ Construction Manager
□ Document Control

Sheet 1 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL 3
2 SCOPE OF ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA 4
3. CODE AND STANDARD 4
4. GROUNDING SYSTEM CRITERIA 7

Sheet 2 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

1. GENERAL

This grounding design criteria provides guidance for design and installation practices which will assure
reliable facility electrical power quality for sensitive electronic equipment in the Rembang Project.
The purpose of earthing in electrical network is for the safety. When all metallic parts in electrical
equipment are grounded then if the insulation inside the equipment’s fails there are no dangerous
voltages present in the equipment case.
If the live wire touches the grounded case then the circuit is effectively shorted and fuse will
immediately blow. When the fuse is blow then the dangerous voltages are away.

Purpose of earthing:
1). Safety for Human life/Building/Equipment
- To save human life from danger of electrical shock or death by blowing a fuse i.e. To provide
an alternative path for the fault current to flow so that it will not endanger the user
- To protect buildings, machinery & appliances under fault conditions.
- To ensure that all exposed conductive parts do not reach a dangerous potential.
- To provide safe path to dissipate lightning and short circuit currents.
- To provide stable platform for operation of sensitive electronic equipment 1.e. To maintain
the voltage at any part of an electrical system at a known value so as to prevent over current or
excessive voltage on the appliances or equipment.

2). Over voltage protection

Lightning, line surges or unintentional contact with higher voltage lines can cause dangerously
high voltage to the electrical distribution system. Earthing provides an alternative path around
the electrical system to minimize damages in the System.

Sheet 3 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

3). Voltage stabilization

There are many sources of electricity. Every transformer can be considered a separate source. If
there were not a common reference point for all these voltage sources it would be extremely
difficult to calculate their relationships to each other.
The earth is the most omnipresent conductive surface, and so it was adopted in the very
beginnings of electrical distribution systems as a nearly universal standard for all electrical
system.

2. SCOPE OF ELECTRICAL DESIGN CRITERIA

The general grounding design criteria defined herein form the basis of the design for project electrical
components and systems. More specific design information will be developed during detailed design
to support equipment and erection specifications. It is not the intent of this design criteria to present
the detailed design information for each component and system, but rather to summarize the codes,
standards, and general criteria that will be used. Codes, standards, and general criteria selected
during the detail design phase of the project may vary from the information indicated in this design
criteria per specific project or design requirements.

3. CODE AND STANDARD

The grounding of all equipment in the Main substation shall be in accordance with the last edition
of IEEE No. 80, the British Standard Code of Practice CP 1013 or other approved standard.

Electrical measurement of the subsoil at various depths, shall be made at the site of the
substation from which the ground resistivity and hence the expected resistance of the proposed
earth grid system may be predicted.

The grounding system shall comprise a mesh grid with rod, formed by tinned copper strip or
flexible conductor buried directly in the ground, and arranged so as to utilize fully the available
site area.

Sheet 4 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

A mesh system shall be formed by interconnection of various points of the perimeter conductors.
The spacing between conductors forming the mesh system shall be such as to limit the maximum
mesh potential to a value not greater than the maximum tolerable touch potential assuming a
fault clearance time equal to that of the main protective gear being provided.

The earth system shall be designed so as to include all overhead line terminal steel structures,
which shall be earthed. The metal substation fence immediately below any overhead line
entering or leaving the site should be bonded to the earth system at that location.

The design of earth grid over the area occupied by switchgears and associated apparatus shall be
based on a maximum grid spacing of 10 m x 5 m for 6 bay trafo.

The location of the mesh conductors shall be such as to enable all items of equipment to be
connected to the earth system via the shortest possible route.

Measurements of ground resistivity shall be made by the appointed vendor.

All buried ground conductors shall be soft drawn stranded copper conductor with Class 2
stranding as defined by IEC 60228. All buried ground cables shall be 120 mm2 copper. The buried
ground cables shall be buried minimum 700 mm below grade. Ground riser cables shall be 120
mm2 copper depending on the ground conductor size being used in the area.

All ground rods shall be 20 mm diameter metal clad tined cooper rods at least 6 meters long.
Number of ground rods shall based on vendor calculation and actual condition of earth
resistance. Ground rods shall be used at locations that are subject to impulse currents, shield wire
supports and lightning protection system down conductors. When required by the presence of
rock, a hole shall be bored and backfilled with bentonite before installing the ground rods.

The grounding check point shall be provided to measure grounding value.

All buried connections shall be made by exothermic welding. Heavy-duty molds and power
cartridges shall be used. The vendor's instruction and safety precautions shall be strictly adhered
to. Connections made above grade may be by exothermic welding or heavy-duty compression
sleeves. Connections to equipment shall be made by means of lugs.

All above ground metallic objects such as transformers, tanks, transmission towers, metal
framing, long runs of exposed piping and outdoor mechanical equipment shall be connected to
the grounding system. Ground conductors shall be run in the immediate vicinity of the project to
limit the touch voltages to safe values.

Sheet 5 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

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4. GROUNDING SYSTEM CRITERIA

Grounding
1 Ground Grid Conductor : Bare Copper

2 System Grounding : Wye

3 Standard : IEEE No.80

4 Earth Resistance assumed : 200 ohms/m

High voltage system to cover Solid ground with NGR at

5 1 :
Main Station and Substation 150kV/6.3kV Secondary
2 Earthing conductor sizing 6,3kV : 40kA : 176 mm2 = 120 mm2

6 1 Low voltage system 380 Volt : Solid (TN-S System)

2 Earthing conductor sizing 380 V : 65kA : 286 mm2 = 2 x 120 mm2
3 Earthing Network Conductor : 70 mm2

7 Earthing Resistance
1 One Earthing Electrode : < 25 Ohms
2 An earthing electrode for lightning protection : < 5 Ohms
3 System neutral earthing : < 5 Ohms
Total earthing resistance of loop network
4 : < 5 ohms
Electrical
Total earthing resistance of loop network
5 : < 1 ohms
Instrument

8 Equipment Grounding
Equipment Grounding Conductor Run with
1 : Yes
Power Wiring
2 Use Raceways and Cable Tray : Yes
Visible Ground Conductor to Ground Grid or
3 : Yes
Grounded Steel Structure
4 Use Raceways and Cable Tray : Yes

9 Medium-Voltage Motor Supplemental Grounding

1 Adjacent Building or Structure Steel : Yes
2 Bare Copper Conductor : Yes
Adequately Sized Bare or Green-Colored,
Covered Copper Conductor around the
3 : Yes
Equipment Foundation and Connected to at
Least Two Ground Rods or Ground Grid
4 Covered Copper Conductor : Yes

Sheet 6 of 7
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NEW CEMENT PLANT PROJECT
PIDIE – ACEH

DOCUMENT NO.
SIA1-215-E0-BD-001-SI 0
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR GROUNDING
DATE BY ENGINEER ELINS ENG MGR LEAD OF ENG
MGR

10 380 Volt Motor Supplemental Grounding

Adjacent Building or Structure Steel : Yes
Bare Copper Conductor : Yes
Uninsulated Tin-Coated Copper Conductor : Yes
Adequately Sized Bare or Green-Colored,
Covered Copper Conductor around the
: Yes
Equipment Foundation and Connected to at
Least Two Ground Rods or Ground Grid
Covered Copper Conductor : Yes

Effectively Grounded Metal

11 Plant Grounding :
Structure
: Ground Loop
Concrete-Encased Electrode
:
System
12 Ground Loop Conductor : Bare

Ground Conductor Minimum Depth (below

13 : 100 cm
Surface)

Electrical & Instrument Grounding Pit physically

14 : Yes
Separated

Sheet 7 of 7