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PTT 254
MASS TRANSFER FOR
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
CHAPTER 4: PSYCHROMENTRY,
HUMIDIFICATION AND DEHUMIDIFICATION
Conducted by:
Hoo Peng Yong (Arthur), PhD, AIChemE, GE
pengyong@unimap.edu.my
4.1 FUNDAMENTALS:
What do all VAPOR PRESSURE OF WATER
these lines
mean!?
Vapor Pressure of Water Vapor?
Vapor Pressure of Water?
Relationship
Would the
between
vapor
pressure
pressure of
and
the water
temperature
changes
with phase?
with total
pressure of
the system?
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press,
Appendix A2-9, Steam Table. 24/02/2018
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Phase_diagram_of_water.svg/700px-Phase_diagram_of_water.svg.png
2/24/2018
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-2, Page 568 24/02/2018
4.2 FUNDAMENTALS:
HUMIDITY AND HUMIDITY CHART
− ,
18.02 1
= × ×
− 1 28.97
∗,
18.02 1
= × ×
− 1 28.97
, ,
= × 100%
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-2, Page 568 24/02/2018
2/24/2018
4.2 FUNDAMENTALS:
HUMIDITY AND HUMIDITY CHART
Are percentage humidity
and percentage relative
Recall……
humidity the same? So what you mean by
, relative humidity!?
Using
= × 100%
humidity!
Using partial
= × 100%
pressures!
https://images.oceannews.com/images/Blind_Articles/Fig._1_WaterWapor_SupportingGraphics2.jpg 24/02/2018
Example 9.3-1:
The air in a room is at 26.7 0C
and a pressure of 101.325 kPa
contains water vapor with
partial pressure pA = 2.76 kPa.
Calculate:
a) Humidity, H
b) Saturation Humidity, HS
c) Percentage humidity, HP
d) Percentage relative
humidity, HR
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Example 9.3-1, Page 566
2/24/2018
4.2 FUNDAMENTALS:
Recall…… HUMIDITY AND HUMIDITY CHART
∗, The temperature at saturation is called:
“Dew point / dew point temperature!”
http://livedoor.blogimg.jp/clock510/imgs/f/8/f898ccbc.jpg 24/02/2018
2/24/2018
4.2 FUNDAMENTALS:
HUMIDITY AND HUMIDITY CHART
Amount of heat required to raise 1 K of 1 kg of the humid air
(dry air + water vapor in it)
https://usercontent2.hubstatic.com/8375389.gif
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Cloud_forest_mount_kinabalu.jpg/1200px-Cloud_forest_mount_kinabalu.jpg
http://www.seanpatrickcox.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/energy.jpg 24/02/2018
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-2, Page 568 24/02/2018
2/24/2018
Total enthalpy of
Total enthalpy of
entering gas = exiting gas mixture
mixture
( ) = ( )
Adiabatic
For H < HS (unsaturated), saturation ∴ − + = − +
TS < T or TS > T? temperature
Rearranging:
Recall……
− 1.005 + 1.88
=− =−
−
Can be plotted
on Humidity
chart!
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-3, Page 570
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-2, Page 568 24/02/2018
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Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Example 9.3-3, Page 570
14
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Section 9.3D, Figure 9.3-4, Page 571
2/24/2018
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.3-2, Page 568 24/02/2018
16
Diagram
ℎ
− 1.005 + 1.88 Equation − 1.005
=− =− = ≈
− −
24/02/2018
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mixture?
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Example 9.3-4, Page 572
18
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Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.2-1, Page 560 24/02/2018
http://www.resinplants.net/images/vacuum-tray-dryer.jpg
20
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.2-2, Page 561 24/02/2018
http://www.lanjimachinery.com/admin/upfile/Art/2011113049935737.jpg
2/24/2018
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Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition,
24/02/2018
Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.2-4,5, Page 562,563
22
Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations). 4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Figure 9.2-6, Page 564
http://www.brockmfg.com/uploads/photos/600/BrockMCGArgyle_BCT4700_0711_013.jpg 24/02/2018
http://www.brockmfg.com/uploads/photos/600/Brock_SQ_E_Series_3317.jpg
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Contact between
warm water and
cold air
Unsaturated
cold air
http://dailycaller.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/rsz_shutterstock_74053534-e1464016987953.jpg
24/02/2018
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Ybf56xB4KMM/UY3dQWnkzvI/AAAAAAAAAI4/EgtNc-qw8N4/s1600/natural%20draft%20cooling%20tower.jpeg
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Packing/slats installed
inside the cooling tower
to promote intimate
contact between the air
and water by increasing
the mass and heat
transfers!
https://qph.ec.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-61161c213da944917e45b3f9173d3ed3-c?convert_to_webp=true
http://amchiller.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Picture-of-American-Chillers-and-Cooling-Tower-Systems-Inc-FRP-Cooling-Tower-with-
24/02/2018
access-ladder.jpg
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Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations).4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Problems, Page 618 24/02/2018
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Geankoplis, C., 2003. Transport processes and separation process principles (includes unit operations).4th Edition, Prentice Hall Press, Problems, Page 619 24/02/2018