Northstar 4E Reading & Writing Level 3: 1 Answer Key

1
NorthStar 4e Reading & Writing Level 3 Answer Key
UNIT 1 3. reported speech

4. high school counselor Lisa Rodriguez
5. quotation
VOCABULARY, page 4 6. her: Ashley Jones; their: her team members
1. a 5. a 9. b
2. b 6. a 10. b
3. b 7. b
4. a 8. b STEP 1: Organize, page 13
Alex Both Ashley Jones

MAIN IDEAS Honnold
Enjoyment of Strongly Competitive
2, page 7 sport focused Need to feel in
1. T control
2. F (A free solo climber climbs without rope or
Fearless Obsession
gear.)
leads to World seems
3. T
World seems success scary
4. F (They will climb with ropes and gear.) beautiful
5. F (He quit UC Berkeley.) Obsession Family adds
6. T Family is related to pressure
supportive being perfect Obsession
leads to illness
DETAILS, page 7-8
1. He was impressed by his aunt’s rock climbing
wedding.
2. He enjoys the beautiful day. STEP 2: Synthesize, page 14
3. It is 2,000 feet high. Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
4. Less than one percent of rock climbers Obsession can be helpful or destructive,
complete free solo climbs. depending on the person. This can be clearly
5. Learning to control fear is an important part of seen in two examples from the sports world.
“free solo” training. Alex Honnold and Ashley Jones are both
6. He is free to focus on rock climbing because strongly focused. Their obsession leads to
he is a single man living in a van. success in sports.
7. He has completed approximately one In addition, their obsession is related to being
thousand climbs. perfect. However, there are important
8. He uses the nickname because he doesn’t differences between them. Alex Honnold is a
think he is a great rock climber. fearless rock climber. The world seems
beautiful to him, and his family is supportive.
Ashley Jones is very competitive and
MAKE INFERENCES, page 9 needs to feel in control because the world
1. b 4. b seems scary and her family adds pressure
2. a 5. a on her. Also, her obsession leads to illness.
3. a 6. b As we look at these examples, it is interesting to
see how obsession can either help or harm a
person.
COMPREHENSION, page 11
1. a 4. b
2. b 5. a REVIEW, page 15
3. a 1. obsession 7. pressure
2. impressive 8. do-or-die
3. willingness 9. focused
READING SKILL 4. complications 10. risk
5. unthinkable 11. daring
2, page 12 6. challenge 12. inspire
1. quotation
2. Dr. Paula Kim
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
2
e) Honnold completed the Triple the

record time: 18 hours
EXPAND, page 16 and 50 minutes.
NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB 3. As Alex Honnold completed most of this
1 accomplishmen accomplis accomplish X challenging climb without a
t h ed
rope, he made history.
2 challenge challenge challenging X
3 complication complicate complicated X
4 a. daring dare daring daringly
b. dare REVISE, page 21-22
5 Enormousness/ X enormous enormously Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
enormously Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder
6 focus focus focused X in which a person diets so much that they
7 impression impress impressive impressively
become too thin. According to ANRED, an
8 inspiration inspire inspiring inspiringly
9 obsession obsess a. obsessively
organization that provides information about
obsessed eating disorders, eating disorders continue to be
b. on the rise among athletes, especially in sports
obsessive that emphasize being thin. Sports such as
10 pressure pressure pressured X
gymnastics, figure skating, dancing, and
11 risk risk risky X
12 willingness X willing willingly
synchronized swimming have a higher
percentage of athletes with eating disorders.
According to an American College of Sports
Medicine study, eating disorders affected 62% of
GRAMMAR
the females in these sports. Christy Henrich, a
top US gymnast in the late 1980s, died of
2, page 17
anorexia in 1994. Anorexia nervosa affects
1. can 6. could
about 1% of female adolescents in the United
2. be able to 7. be able to
States. Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder in
3. can’t 8. be able to
which the person diets, becomes hungry,
4. couldn’t 9. can
overeats, and then vomits to get rid of the food.
5. could
It affects about 4% of college-aged women. If
you want more information, contact NEDIC, the
National Eating Disorder Information Center.
WRITE
3, page 19-20
UNIT 2
1. a 5.f 9.f
2.b 6.c 10.f
3.f 7.f
VOCABULARY
4.d 8.e
2, page 27
4, page 20
1. a 4. b 7. b
Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
2. a 5. a 8. a
1. Alex Honnold’s climbing of the Triple was a
3. b 6. b
very impressive accomplishment.
2. a) The Triple is located in one of
Honnold’s favorite climbing spots,
MAIN IDEAS
Yosemite National Park in California.
b) Climbing the Triple includes climbing
2, page 29
three very large rock surfaces in
a. 3 d.1
Yosemite Park: Mount Watkins, El
b. 5 e. 2
Capitan, and Half Dome.
c. 6 f. 4
c) Only a small number of climbers in the
world can complete
this 7,000-foot climb in 24 hours.
d) Honnold was the first climber to
complete the Triple alone.
3
DETAILS, page 30 MICHELLE: Well, there were several. A fraud

1. j 5. c 9. d alert was placed on my credit after someone
2. k 6. a 10. h used it to buy a new truck. Also, I faced
3. e 7. g 11. f delinquent bills for things I didn’t buy.
4. I 8. b
REVIEW, page 36-37

MAKE INFERENCES, page 30-31 1. fraud 7. fishy
1. a 2. impersonate 8. deception
2. b 3. fake 9. honesty
3. b 4. astonishing 10. motive
5. weary 11. con man
6. suspicious
1. F (She was tidy with her finances and had
perfect credit.) EXPAND
2. F (Someone had stolen her name, address,
Social Security number, and driver’s license 1, page 37
number.) NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB
3. T 1. deception deceive deceptive deceptively
4. F (A “Michelle Brown” in Texas, not California, 2. duplicate duplicate duplicate X
was charged with selling drugs.) 3. a. fake fake fake X
5. T b. fakery
4. fraud X fraudulent fraudulently
5. honesty X honest honestly
READING SKILL 6. impersonation impersonate X X
7. motive motivate motivated X
2, page 34
1. Someone else was using her credit and had
gotten a duplicate driver’s license in her name.
2. There was a phone bill and a bill for 2, page 38
liposuction. 1. I believe that most doctors are honest.
2. I had a bad experience with a man who
practiced fraudulent medicine.
STEP 1: Organize, page 35 3. Making money motivated him.
FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF FRAUD 4. Not many people understood that he was a
fake.
IMPERSONATION IDENTITY THEFT (R2) 5. I wasn’t the only person that he deceived.
(R1) 6. He wasn’t a real doctor, but his
a b impersonation was good.
d c 7. He had made a duplicate of someone else’s
medical license.
e f
GRAMMAR
STEP 2: Synthesize, page 35
Answers will vary. Suggested answers: 2, page 40
FRANK: Fraud can often have financial 1. I learned about a case of check fraud.
consequences on more than one individual. I 2. my neighbors were relaxing at home on
know that when I impersonated people, a Sunday.
hospital lost money paying me. Also, legal 3. my neighbors answered their door.
clients spent their money on my fake services. 4. they took the checks to the bank.
What were the financial consequences when 5. a bank clerk finally became suspicious of
your identity was stolen? what they were doing.
6. , the police arrested the two men.
7. I was watching the news on TV.
4
c. Paragraph 2--It is also counting on getting

money from everyday people who become
WRITE interested in their television show they are
planning to start soon.
1, page 42 d. Paragraph 4
1. The topic sentence is the first sentence. When a human lives in an environment without
“When my friend went to a car repair service, it gravity or with low gravity for a long time, the
was the worst experience of his life.” systems in the body weaken.
2. The writer supports the topic sentence by
telling the story of going to the car repair service
and giving details that show exactly why this DETAILS, pages 54
was “the worst experience.” 1. a 4. b
2. c 5. a
3. b
REVISE
2, page 44-45 MAKE INFERENCES, page 55-56

1. b Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
2. a 1. a 3. b
3. a 2. c 4. b
3, page 45
Answers will vary. See suggested answers: COMPREHENSION, page 59
1. Once, I wasted a lot of time buying face 1.Two weeks; to avoid getting sick
cream that didn’t work. 2.In order for the passenger ship to leave
2. I made a big mistake when I bought Earth’s orbit
fraudulent language CDs. 3.By spinning the spaceship
3. My uncle had an embarrassing experience 4.The supply ships arrive first in order to prepare
with a fraudulent hair product. the surface for the astronauts.
5.Seven hours
UNIT 3
READING SKILL
VOCABULARY page 51 2, page 60

1. i 4. h 7. e 1. Three rovers on Mars and three ship orbiting
2. b 5. a 8. f the planet
3. d 6. c 9. g 2. A magazine
3. Three supply ships
4. Two weeks
5. 240 days
MAIN IDEAS STEP 1: Organize, pages 60

2, page 53-54 1. Lack of oxygen in Mars atmosphere
a.5 c. 2 2. leave blank (no solution)
b.3 d. 4 3. Spinning spaceships create gravity
a. Paragraph 5--It is important to come up with 4. Contact with people on Earth
solutions to possible problems before anyone 5. Occupy mind with schedule of jobs, exercise
actually goes on a Mars mission 6. Lack of sleep
b. Paragraph 3-If your team is the first team to 7. Weight gain
travel to Mars, your main responsibility when
you get there will be to build a place where
humans can live. STEP 2: Synthesize, page 60-61
5
Answers will vary. Suggested answers. 3. The colonists use the radio to talk to their
Mars One: Not having enough gravity can families on Earth.
cause problems with 4. The astronauts are isolated to avoid getting
your muscles, bones, and heart. sick.
Woman: What about on Mars? Mars has 5. Mars One has a selection committee to
only 38 percent of the Earth’s choose four astronauts.
gravity. 6. The colonists will exercise a lot to sleep well
Mars One: Boredom, lack of sleep, and at night.
weight gain.
Mars One: you won’t have a chance to get
bored. WRITE
Mars One: You’ll have a lot of time to
exercise. 1, page 67-68
Mars One: feel isolated from people on 1. To choose between two jobs
Earth 2. Three
3. Emotion, air quality, population
REVIEW, page 62-63 2, page 68

Across I. Topic Sentence: After graduating, I
2. isolated chose a job at the Ames Research
5. automatically Center in Mountain View (near San
8. speculation Francisco) instead of the job at Jet
9. survive Propulsion Laboratory in
10. simulate Pasadena (near Los Angeles) for
13. count three reasons.
II. Supporting Point: The first reason
Down was emotional.
1. Reaction Supporting Details: I like to attend
3. depression family get-togethers.
4. engines I can get help if I need it.
6. research Parents are getting older.
7. boredom III. Supporting Point: It is smoggy and
10. spin hot in Southern California.
11. artificial Supporting Details: I know
12. establish because I lived there.
IV. Supporting Point: The last reason I
chose the job in Northern California
EXPAND, page 63-64 is that San Francisco has far fewer
1. artificial 4. automatic people than Los Angeles does.
2. simulator 5. establish Supporting Details: San
3. isolated Francisco’s population is about
800,000, and Los Angeles’ is about
3,500,000.
San Francisco can’t really grow
GRAMMAR because it is surrounded by water
on three sides, but Los Angeles can
2, page 65 (and has) spread out a lot.
1. b 4. A
2. e 5. F
3. c 6. d REVISE
2, page 70
3, page 66 1. NASA treats and pays its employees well.
1. Mars One needs to find money to go to Mars. 2. NASA carefully and fairly reviews each
2. Planet builders need years to change the candidate.
atmosphere of Mars. 3. In college, I studied astronomy and geology.
6
4. On my first day at my new job, the boss and Answer (c) does not mention women, so it is
my coworkers incomplete. Answer (a) is best because
were very helpful. if a hen is louder than a rooster, the hen controls
5. When the Curiosity rover landed on Mars, I a family. According to the proverb,
went on Mars time and didn’t see my family very a family is unhappy when a woman is in control;
much. therefore, it is better for a man to
6. NASA has safely and proudly launched many control the family.
spaceships. 2. b
7. I learned a lot and made many friends during This answer is best because it includes two
my first year at NASA. basic parts of being female, according to the
proverb (having long hair and having a long
tongue, which means that a woman is talkative).
UNIT 4 Answer (c) is not the best choice since the
proverb does not suggest beauty, and answer
(a) is only a misinterpretation based on the literal
VOCABULARY meanings of the words.
2, page 77
1. e 5. g 9. d COMPREHENSION, page 86
2. f 6. h 10. b 1. F ( Most Americans speak only one
3. I 7. j language: English.)
4. c 8. a 2. T
3. T
4. T
5. F (Not everyone agrees that English is a
difficult language to learn.)
MAIN IDEAS
READING SKILL
2, page 80
1. F (Ideas on language and gender have 2, page 87
changed over the last 100 years.) 1. c 3. e 5. b
2. T 2. d 4. f 6. a
3. F (Poole has divided female speech into four
categories.)
4. F (Poole and Tannen agree that male speech STEP 1: Organize, page 87-88
is focused on showing knowledge. Answers may vary. Suggested answers:
5. T LANGUAGE AND ENGLISH AS A
6. T GENDER (R1) GLOBAL LANGUAGE
7. F (Proverbs from several cultures focus on (R2)
how talkative women are.)
8. T 1. Women’s speech is 1. Native speakers of
viewed as excessive English don’t have to
because they are less learn other languages.
DETAILS , page 81 valued than men.
1. b (para. 2) 5. b (para. 6) 2. If women had more 2. One reason English
2. a (para. 3) 6. a (para. 6) power, they might has become a global
3. b (para. 3) 7. c (para. 7) speak more directly language is because of
4. c (para. 3) 8. a (para. 8) like men do. war and politics.
3. One reason why 3. People who speak

MAKE INFERENCES, page 83 women speak more English can
1. a politely than men is communicate with
Answer (b) is impossible since “hen” means because they have others more
women and “rooster” means men. less power. conveniently.
7
REVIEW, page 89-90

1. dialect 9. myth
STEP 2: Synthesize, page 88 2. slang 10. uniqueness
I. Topic Sentence The use of language is an 3. synonyms 11. profanity
expression of power in individual societies and 4. dominate 12. exception
also between nations. 5. sexism 13. excessive
II. Supporting Point: In most societies, men 6. talkative 14. proverb
have more power than women. 7. inferior 15. valued
Supporting details: 8. assertive
A. Male speech = more
direct than female speech
B. Female speech = more EXPAND
polite than male speech
C. The myth of the “talkative 1, page 90
woman” is part of many NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB
societies 1. assertiveness assert assertive assertively
because women are less 2. domination dominate dominant X
valued than men. 3. exception X exceptional exceptionally
III. Supporting Point: As a global language, 4. excess exceed excessive excessively
English offers advantages as a tool of
5. inferiority X inferior X
communication between nations.
6. myth X mythical X
Supporting details:
A. English has become a 7. profanity X profane X
global language because of 8. proverb X proverbial X
war and politics. 9. sexism X sexist X
B. Native speakers don’t 10 synonym X synonymous X
have to learn other 11. talkativeness talk talkative X
languages. 12. uniqueness X unique uniquely
C. Non-native speakers can
13. value value valued X
communicate with others
more effectively.
IV. Concluding Sentence: Language use is an
expression of power both internationally and 2, page 91
also within individual societies. 1. g 6. i
2. c 7. d
Suggested paragraph 3. a 8. e
The use of language is an expression of 4. h 9. b
power in individual societies and also between 5. f
nations. First of all, in most societies, men have
more power than women. Male speech is more
direct than female speech, which is more polite. GRAMMAR
Also, the myth of the “talkative woman” is part of
many societies because women are less valued 2, page 92
than men. Language also expresses power 1. as fluently as
internationally. As a global language, English 2. more rapidly than
offers advantages as a tool of communication 3. more slowly than
between nations. English has become a global 4. as skillfully as
language because of war and politics and, as a 5. more carefully than
result, native speakers don’t have to learn other 6. less perfectly than
languages. Also, non-native speakers can
communicate with others more effectively by
using English. To sum up, language use is an
expression of power both internationally and
also within individual societies.
8
WRITE UNIT 5
1, page 95
Point 1: Formality of Language VOCABULARY
Details/Examples:
A: In English class: informal language with 2, page 103-104
friends 1. b 4. a 7. a
B: In the supermarket: polite language with the 2. a 5. a 8. a
clerk 3. b 6. b 9. a
Point 2: Asking for help

Details/Examples:
A: Speaking to people the writer knows well: it 2, page 106
feels comfortable to ask for help with language Answers may vary. Suggested answers:
B: Speaking to strangers: it doesn’t feel 1. Planning to work in the same field or industry
comfortable to ask for help for your entire working life just isn’t practical
anymore.
Point 3: Topics 2. Lifetime security from one employer is no
Details/Examples: longer certain or even likely.
A: Topics discussed in class: easy to discuss 3. You may have to go back to school to be able
because of learning new vocabulary to work in another field. You may have to retrain
B: Other topics: more difficult to discuss yourself in order to keep working at the same
because of not knowing vocabulary company or in the same field.
4. One opportunity can lead to another,
especially if you can become an expert at
something.
REVISE
3, page 96
DETAILS, page 107
1. In your grandparents’ time, there was the
1. My brother enjoys playing soccer with his
prospect of working a job from graduation until
friends. My sister, on the other hand, would
retirement.
rather spend time talking with hers.
2. Skills you learn today will be obsolete very
2. Unlike the English language, which has
soon.
developed as part of a culture, Esperanto was
3. But most of us working today have to look
developed without any specific culture.
beyond the little box of “career.”
3. Boys often use “report” talk to show their
4. An employer can always replace you or find
knowledge. Girls, in contrast to boys, often use
someone who can do your job more cheaply.
“rapport” talk to build relationships.
5. Find something to do besides what you’re
4. Men usually want to use a map or GPS to find
doing and keep finding a smarter way to do it.
directions. On the other hand, women usually
6. Find someone who is willing to help you make
want to ask strangers for directions.
your idea a reality.
5. My English class is very informal. However,
7. You need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a
the office where I work is very formal.
problem solver, and a hard worker.
6. In contrast to speaking English to people I
know well, which is easy, speaking English to
strangers is sometimes difficult.
MAKE INFERENCES, page 108
Check numbers 2, 5, 6, 8, 10

1. T
2. F (Cybersecurity officers work for universities
and businesses.)
3. F (People are living longer because of
biomedical engineering.)
9
4. T CARLOS: I think I’d rather work more directly with

5. F (Astrophysicists study the physical people. In medicine, I’d like to study nursing.
properties of the universe.) Plus, in the future, maybe I’ll have enough
money to go to medical school.
NU AHN: I understand, but I’d rather be able to
READING SKILL work at home. Maybe I could work in an office,
but I don’t want to have a lot of people around
2, page 112 me.
Computers: social media managers, game
designers and developers, cybersecurity
officers REVIEW, page 115-116
Medicine: health care professionals, biomedical 1. experts 7. ensure
engineers, physical and occupational 2. prospects 8. freelancers
therapists 3. injured 9. obsolete
Space: asteroid mining engineers, 4. security 10. sustainable
astrophysicists 5. benefits 11. outsourced
Environment: sustainability directors 6. entrepreneur 12. strategies
STEP 1: Organize, page 113

R1 EXPAND
Entrepreneur
Job Security
Outsourcing
Freelancer
1, page 117
1. beneficial
2. entrepreneurial
R2
3. expert
4. occupational
Game Designers X   
5. prospective
and Developers 6. strategic
Cybersecurity X   /X 7. sustainable
Officers
Health Care  X X /X
Professionals 2, page 117
Biomedical   X X 1. b 5. a
Engineers 2. f 6. e
Asteroid Mining  X X X 3. g 7. c
Engineers 4. d
Astrophysicists  X X X
3, page 117
1. beneficial relationship
STEP 2: Synthesize, page 113-114 2. entrepreneurial spirit
Answers will vary. Suggested answers. 3. expert advice
NU AHN: I liked learning about careers related to 4. occupational hazard
space like asteroid mining engineer and 5. prospective employer
astrophysicist. Looking for ores on other planets 6. strategic location
sounds very interesting. Unfortunately, I don’t 7. sustainable growth
have the time or money to get more education,
so I was looking at computer jobs, too, because
I already know a lot about computers. I think a GRAMMAR
job as a game developer would be fun. It also
seems like a job that will lead to becoming an 2, page 119-120
entrepreneur one day. 1. enter 7. ‘ll think
2. will look 8. Go
3. am 9. don’t know
10
4. ’ll take 10. will the interviewer do II. A. research projects

5. will you say 11. go B. plants and animals
6. asks 12. ’ll learn C. animal and plant life
2, page 134-135
3, page 120-121 1. The writer of the essay is trying to find out
1. Before the year ends, 10 percent of the the age of Antarctic ice.
employees lose their job. 2. The writer wants Antarctica to be closed to
Ten percent of the employees will lose their jobs tourists.
before the year ends. 3. Psychologists study how people behave
2. When the new boss arrives, we will be on our when they live and work together in such a
best behavior. remote location.
We will be on our best behavior when the new 4. Oil spills in Antarctica have killed penguins
boss arrives. and destroyed a five-year scientific project.
3. As soon as he has time, the boss will 5. Tour companies may not be concerned
interview prospective about the environment of Antarctica.
employees. 6. If we don’t protect Antarctica from tourism,
The boss will interview prospective employees there may be serious consequences for us
as soon as he has time. all.
4. While we are in the office, we will check the 7. We know from past experience that when
numbers. things get unbalanced, harmful changes can
We will check the numbers while we are in the occur.
office.
5. After the office party ends, who will clean
up? MAKE INFERENCES, page 139
Who will clean up after the party ends? 1. a. Paragraph 3: Our work is difficult, and
6. When we drive to work, we will pick up your some of our projects can be damaged by such
friend. simple mistakes as opening the wrong door or
We will pick up your friend when we drive to bumping into a small piece of equipment.
work. 2. a. Paragraph 3: Members of Greenpeace,
7. As opportunities arise, people will take one of the world’s leading environmental
advantage of them. organizations, complain that tourists leave
People will take advantage of them as trash on beaches and disturb the plants and
opportunities arise. animals.
8. As soon as our business makes enough 3. b. Paragraph 4: The need to protect
money, we will open another store. Antarctica from tourists becomes even greater
We will open another store as soon as our when we consider the fact that there is no
business makes enough money. government here. Antarctica belongs to no
country.
4. b. Paragraph 5: If we don’t protect Antarctica
UNIT 6 from tourism, there may be serious
consequences for us all. We cannot allow
tourism to bring possible danger to the planet.
MAIN IDEAS The only way to protect this fragile and
important part of the planet is to stop tourists
2, page 133 from traveling to Antarctica.
4, 1, 2
READING SKILL
DETAILS
2, page 139
1, page 134 1. a
I. A. the oldest 2. b
B. view 3. b
C. harsh
11
STEP 1: ORGANIZE, page 140 6. Even though scientists are interested in

Answers may vary. Suggested answers: protecting Antarctica’s natural environment,
Opinions of the Scientist: tour companies are not.
3. c 7. We had an amazing time on this remote
continent even though it was difficult to travel
Opinions of the Tourist: in such a harsh environment.
1. d 8. Because Antarctica is unbelievably scenic,
2. b tourists recommend it to their friends.
4. a
WRITE
REVIEW, page 141
Answers will vary. Suggested answers: 1, page 147
coastal: sunlight, temperature, research, 1. And even though I can appreciate their
beauty, environment, landscape desire to experience this vast and beautiful
fragile: environment, beauty, landscape, landscape, I feel Antarctica should be closed
glaciers to tourists.
frozen: environment, landscape, continent
harsh: effect, sunlight, temperature, 2. Paragraph 2: Because Antarctica is the
environment, beauty, landscape, consequences, center of important scientific research, it must
continent be preserved for this purpose.
natural: effect, sunlight, environment, beauty, Paragraph 3: Tourists in Antarctica can
landscape damage scientific research and hurt the
remote: icebergs, glaciers, continent environment.
scientific: research Paragraph 4: The need to protect Antarctica
vast: environment, landscape, continent, from tourists becomes even greater when we
glaciers, icebergs consider the fact that there is no government
here.
3. Paragraph 2: examples
EXPAND, page 142 Paragraph 3: examples and facts
1. c; S 5. b; C / E 9. b; S Paragraph 4: explanations
2. a; C / E 6. b; S 10. a; C / E 4. The only way to protect this fragile and
3. b; S 7. b; S 11. a; S important part of the planet is to stop tourists
4. a; A 8. c; D 12. b; D (ice is not a from traveling to Antarctica.
correct choice because
it is a noun)
REVISE
GRAMMAR 2, page 149

1. c
2, page 144-145 2. a
1. I had to interrupt my research and greet 3. b
tourists even though I was very busy.
2. Even though I understand why tourists want
to see Antarctica, they shouldn’t be allowed UNIT 7
to visit.
3. Because the Earth’s temperature is rising,
meteorologists are worried. VOCABULARY
4. Antarctica’s unique environment is in danger
because there is no government in Antarctica 1, page 154
to help preserve it. 1. a, d, e 6. b
5. Even though tourists enjoy the beauty of 2. c 7. b
Antarctica, they sometimes damage the 3. d, e 8. f
environment. 4. g 9. h
5. d, e
12

2, page 155
1. b 5. j 9. c 1. F (He thinks that arranged marriage is the
2. I 6. f 10. d best way to find a marriage partner.)
3. h 7. a 2. T
4. g 8. e 3. F (His parents met for the first time on their
wedding day.)
4. F (He wants to follow his parents’ example.)
MAIN IDEAS 5. T
2, page 158
1. d 4. a READING SKILL
2. b 5. c
3. e 2, page 162
The details that precede the metaphor are all
valuable: a happy marriage, working hard, and
DETAILS, page 158-159 helping each other.
Answers may vary. Suggested answers:
1. A matchmaker helped by finding someone 3, page 163
of the right age and background. b and d
2. A successful marriage was one that
produced sons.
3. They left at thirteen. STEP 1: Organize, page 163
4. They stopped night visits if they thought a 1. c 3. f 5. a
boy might not be a good husband. 2. d 4. b 6. e
5. They would get pregnant.
6. She wouldn’t be able to get married. STEP 2: Synthesize, page 164
7. They believe unmarried women should not ARRANGED MARRIAGE
get pregnant. Culture 1: Traditional Chinese
8. It didn’t continue to exist because John Culture 2: Vietnamese
Noyes left the community.
9. In 1890, polygamy was officially banned in In an arranged marriage culture, parents are
the Mormon church. responsible for choosing a spouse for their
children. In some cases, a matchmaker is used.
Dating is not considered a good way to find a
MAKE INFERENCES, page 159-160 spouse in an arranged marriage culture.
a. 3 Pregnancy showed that girls were FERTILITY-BASED MARRIAGE
marriage worthy because of fertility. Culture 1: Traditional Hopi
b. 4 Boys at thirteen moved out of their Culture 2: Old Bavarian
parents’ home and were allowed to
meet women. In fertility-based marriage, people may decide to
c. 1 The parents made the decision without get married when the female becomes pregnant.
asking the young couple. Young people are allowed to follow romantic
d. 3 The young people were free to marry feelings and find their own partners. The ability
whom they wanted, but if the husband to get pregnant may be highly valued as proof of
later chose to take additional wives, the fertility.
first wife couldn’t prevent it.
e. 3 People were free to join the Oneida
Community. Yet, by making this choice,
they agreed to participate in group
marriage and had to share their spouses
with everyone.
13
PLURAL MARRIAGE 2, page 171

Culture 1: Oneida Community Kindness is the most important characteristic to
Culture 2: Early Mormon the writer. The writer uses “most importantly” to
describe this characteristic.
In a plural marriage culture, a person is married
to more than one spouse. A common form is
polygamy, which occurs when a man has more REVISE
than one wife. A less common form is group
marriage, which occurs when all members of a 2, page 173
group share partners as a community. 1. similar 5. Courtship 9. Romantic
2. married 6. Traditional 10. Similarity
3. marriage 7. romance
REVIEW, page 165-166 4. court 8. tradition
1. W 6. M 11. C
2. C 7. C 12. W
3. M 8. W 13. M UNIT 8
4. W 9. M
5. W 10. C
VOCABULARY
EXPAND, page 166 2, page 180-181

1. b; S 5. a; S 9. c; S 1. a 5. b 9. B
2. a; A 6. c; C/E 10. c; A 2. a 6. a 10. a
3. a; C/E 7. b; S 3. a 7. b
4. c; D 8. c; A 4. a 8. b
GRAMMAR MAIN IDEAS
2, page 168 2, page 185

1. a 5. a 9. the 1. F (The increase in carbon dioxide is related
2. the 6. a 10. the to global warming.)
3. a 7. a 2. F (The atmosphere is getting warmer.)
4. a 8. a 3. F (We can’t stop it, but if we act now, we can
slow it and adapt.)
3, page 169 4. T
1. a 3. b
2. a 4. a
DETAILS, page 185
1. c, f, h 4. a 7. f, h
WRITE 2. d 5. f, g, h 8. c
3. i 6. b 9. e
1, page 170-171
1. Topic sentence: My spouse’s personality is
very important to me. MAKE INFERENCES, page 187
2. The category is personality. 1. c
3. The characteristics are kindness, honesty, 2. a
and a good sense of humor. 3. b
4. Reasons for each characteristic:
 kindness: it is difficult to live with
someone who is mean or critical of COMPREHENSION, page 189
others Answers will vary. Suggested answers:
 honesty: the writer wants a spouse who 1. the International Panel on Climate Change
tells the truth and doesn’t hide things 2. limits for gas emissions
 a good sense of humor: life is easier 3. to get attention and money for research
and more fun with laughter
14
4. to support groups that discredit the idea of 9. educated: debate, government, public
global warming 10. massive: confusion, emissions, evidence,
5. They think ExxonMobil tries to confuse with production
incorrect and dishonest information.
GRAMMAR
READING SKILL
2, page 196-197
2, page 190 1. may / might / could 5. Will
1. in contrast 2. may / might/ could 6. Are. . .going
2. but 3. may / might/ could to be
3. however could 7. may / might/
4. may / might/ could
STEP 1: ORGANIZE, page 191

Answers will vary. Suggested answers: REVISE
1. Fossil fuels (coal and gasoline) are burned.
2. Some gases get used by plants to make food. 3, page 201
3. Some gases stay in the atmosphere. 1. since 7. Therefore,
4. The atmosphere gets more energetic. 2. As a result, 8. since
5. The Kyoto Protocol is signed. 3. Consequently 9. As a result,
6. Companies such as ExxonMobil hire 4. as 10. Because
scientists to discredit other scientists. 5. As a result, 11. As
6. Because
REVIEW, page 193-194

1. emissions 8. atmosphere
2. warned 9. energetic
3. limits 10. energetic
4. fossil fuels 11. carbon dioxide
5. link 12. adapt
6. gases 13. affecting
7. escaped 14. debate
EXPAND, page 194-195

1. successful: agreement, government,
production
2. clear: agreement, atmosphere, debate,
doubt, evidence, gas, limits
3. warm: atmosphere, climate
4. powerful: debate, evidence, fossil fuels,
limits, public
5. energetic: atmosphere, climate, debate,
government, production
6. harmful: atmosphere, carbon dioxide,
climate, emissions, fossil fuels, gas, production,
limits
7. increasing: agreement, carbon dioxide,
confusion, debate, doubt, emissions, evidence,
gas, production
8. national: agreement, confusion, debate,
government, limits

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Northstar 4E Reading & Writing Level 3: 1 Answer Key

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NorthStar 4e Reading & Writing Level 3 Answer Key

UNIT 1 3. reported speech

Alex Both Ashley Jones

e) Honnold completed the Triple the

DETAILS, page 30 MICHELLE: Well, there were several. A fraud

REVIEW, page 36-37

c. Paragraph 2--It is also counting on getting

2, page 44-45 MAKE INFERENCES, page 55-56

VOCABULARY page 51 2, page 60

MAIN IDEAS STEP 1: Organize, pages 60

REVIEW, page 62-63 2, page 68

3. One reason why 3. People who speak

REVIEW, page 89-90

Point 2: Asking for help

COMPREHENSION, page 111

4. T CARLOS: I think I’d rather work more directly with

STEP 1: Organize, page 113

4. ’ll take 10. will the interviewer do II. A. research projects

STEP 1: ORGANIZE, page 140 6. Even though scientists are interested in

GRAMMAR 2, page 149

COMPREHENSION, page 162

PLURAL MARRIAGE 2, page 171

EXPAND, page 166 2, page 180-181

GRAMMAR MAIN IDEAS

2, page 168 2, page 185

STEP 1: ORGANIZE, page 191

REVIEW, page 193-194

EXPAND, page 194-195

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