perating guide for “Archicad”Thi Project indes bye European Union £4 Tare QO ISTITUTO TECNICO ECONOMICO E TECNOLOGICO “Enrico FERMI” LANCIANO Designing through images Operating Guide for “ Archicad ” E. Tinarelli G. Sorge L. Marcucci Edesi create ee tute in the framework of the Erasmus+ project + “ Create and Design Your Future ” This project Is funded by the European Union 2Thin Prone a fonded tp the Eropean Uren Ed Tare PRESENTATION I'm going to present you, with great pleasure, this operating guide for ArchiCAD : "Designing through images, due to the great educational and cultural significance it represents. Five European nations join together in a project that intends to export a computer drawing program; a group of Italian students, "experts", to groups of peers Spaniard, Portuguese, Romanian, Turkish, who do not use this tool in their schools. That is the most concrete and obvious example of free movement of ideas, people, knowledge which inspired the birth of the European Union from the beginning. In hard times, in which many people try to demolish the United Europe, without recognizing its value, the school gives a concrete answer to the most profound instances of unity and peace, pervading the feelings of the common citizen. So the dream comes true, now: adults and teens mixing passion, interests, skills, aspirations, share them in the mame of a single, big goal. After two years of training, after lessons given by the Italian students, with the careful and constant presence of experienced teachers in design and foreign languages, everyone participates to a final competition, the ArchiCAD Games. A healthy competition that asks everyone to get involved, to try translating the learnings and knowledges in practice, to give the best of himself. There is a winner, as it should be in every competition, but moral winners are all the students who have lived this project making it unique and at the same time, universal. The entire route of the project, is legitimized in this operating guide, the result of the commitment of authors, documenting the work done step by step every lesson, creating a flexible and useful tool for each one wishes to acquire a specialization in the field of Computer Aided Design. Special thanks to teachers : Arch. Edi Tinarelli and Luigi Marcucci, creators and promoters of that difficult and ambitious project, carried out in an exemplary manner, as well as to Gianna Dr. Sorge, who represented a valid technical support. All of them, each for his own specialization, have made a valuable contribution to the realization of this final result. The distribution of this manual, in Italian and European schools, will represent the right reward to the efforts and the commitment being made, with the hope this small step can be a significant part of the long journey towards the unity of peoples through the language of culture. The Headteachers Daniela RolloThis Project ange bye European Union Ed Thorlt PROJECT PARTICIPANTS See R SSSI covih NWO SMARON borer ac ANTALYA / KEPEZ - Mobil Ortaokulu Turchia L.T.A.S “Victor Slavescu’” Ploiesti Romania LE.S Olivar de la Motilla (Dos Hermanas) ‘Spagna I.T.E.T “Enrico Fermi” Lanciano Italia Aueege Questo manuale € di proprieta ed uso esclusivo della Unione Europea e della Agenzia Nazionale. La diffusione pub avvenire solo all’interno degli Istituti Scolastici e uso @ riservato a docenti e studenti di ‘ogni ordine e grado, I simboli, le icone e le schermate utilizzate in questo volume sono trate da Archicad 16 con autorizzazione Claudio Mandelli Education Manager GRAPHISOFT SE Italian Branch Office Via Rossignago 2/a | 30038 Spinea (VE) Italia.Ea ‘byte Eorepean Union 8 Tira INTRODUCTION The CAD programs (Computer Aided Design) are now integral part of the design processes for the construction of buildings of public and private use. For this reason, students preparing their professional future have to acquire the knowledge and ability to use the full potentiality of these programs both for the implementation of the design, as for three-dimensional modeling, rendering, animation, etc. Thus Archicad is undoubtedly the ideal tool to complement and enhance these competences, being this software born for the use of computer processing of both projects of residential buildings or public function. The European Commission accepted and selected the ITET "Enrico Fermi" Lanciano for its project "Create and design your future," in the framework of the Erasmus+ projects, Key Action 2. This project involves teaching and diffusion of Archicad in European high schools; our Institute is leader in this field for experience and competence, for his work in production of projects and texts. The project involves a group of partners that includes Spain, Portugal, Turkey and Romania. The final result of the project is this manual, a through images quide, that tells you, step by step, how to complete a work project. In fact, the structure of this manual has the peculiarity of being realized primarily through images, to make it immediately inclusive, to use a global language, to have an easy and quick correspondence with the "windows" of the program. The work was mainly carried out by the author, but in collaboration with the help, suggestions and directions of all the teachers and students of the partner schools. At the end of the text, you find, enclosed, the best examples developed by students of the partner schools, created for the event of final meeting in Lanciano (Ttaly). Archicad was born in Hungary with the company Graphisoft (www.graphisoft.com) to develop a three-dimensional program specifically dedicated to architecture, beyond the concept of CAD as simple electronic drawing board. In fact with Archicad the purpose of work is not the design, but the design of the building, and it is just that we implemented (simulated) with the computer. Archicad reproduces, in a single working environment, the virtual simulations of the drawing board, and the building projected.EA pee European Union a Tnorll The approach to methodology of the "Virtual Building" is evident immediately as you open the program, because you find the same elements of the building: walls, columns, slabs, stairs, slopes, etc. Finally a recommendation about operating systems. This text is made with pictures of ArchiCAD 16 to 64 bits because, for different technologies and different computers of our school partners, it was necessary to adopt a version compatible with Windows Vista and XP, now obsolete. Since images, the structure, and the substance of transactions that we propose here are basically the same, with the same result, we'd like to recommend you the use of ArchiCAD 18. The system requirements are: Windows 8, 10; 64-bit processor with 5/7 or more cores, 8 GB of RAM, 16 GB for better rendering, 5 GB free space for installation and 10 GB to work; Open GL 2.0 graphics card compatible with 1024 MB of memory or higher; Monitor resolution 1440 x 900 or higher. These requirements are essential for any additions and applications as BIM Server or external rendering engines, including the main ones following: Artlantis, allows you to generate rendered images of perspective and axonometric views, while Artlantis Studio allows the creation of movies and animations. Cinema 4D is a program of high-level modeling and animation that also allows the interface and the interchange with Archicad that, similar to Artlantis, allows you to make updates to the model without losing the work performed. Lumion 5 is the latest program in terms of advanced technology to perform videos: this will be discussed later in a separate paragraph. Finally, as mentioned, is a guide created by and for students and teachers our partners; any inaccuracies or unorthodox mode, are due to the fact that the work was carried out according to the way we "see, feel and use the tools." Once you hold these basic elements you can always consult the user manual of the program (button “help” in the menu bar), or complete and various texts on the market, and the forum portal ArchiRADAR ... to become a true expert in this field. The Author Prof Arch Edi TinarelliThis Project is funded £ Parana, Toot be CORSO DI ARCHICAD In of the Project The aim of our project is to tell, as mentioned, the "virtual construction" of a building through images. We therefore decided to build the work as a collection of lessons that could follow step by step the various phases of the construction of housing units at a single floor, in the first part and, subsequently, an elaboration on two levels, more complex, enriching it, in the last lessons, of all the accessories to make it complete, presentable, achievable. The choice of creating an environment of civil room with these features starts from the need to introduce the study of ArchiCad, for the design of semi-detached houses, mono or three levels, mainly with reference to wooden structures, following the design from the beginning to the end. This will allow you to follow the design process , through the images of each transaction, from the planimetric and distributive definition, to the realization of the furniture, to the solution of prospects, to the three-dimensional representation. To better introduce these concepts we propose immediately the views of the final product, of the plants and renderings.Retreat <3 Darton, Toot ad“This Project infinded yee Eoropetn Union a Tore Chapter 1 Lesson 1.0 Starting the program To open the program, double-click on its icon. Passing through the initial window “ArchiCAD 16", you get the window to start, it appears in the first dialog box (Fig 2). If you want to start a new project, select “Create a new project" and click "New" the main screen that represents the “Window plant" will open, you have just the space where to draw. Warning: when projects are created and saved in memory, after clicking on "Open a project", you have to indicate "Use Latest Project Settings", if you have customized files. 13 Fig aero abe? [Pe cstes cnet GB Corea ret seuss © uses Temi AeA 18 Tene ee atest Project Stings ‘Setup Wore Eovrrment ee ene Coe) Dorota tis iat TineThis Project ia finded phe European Uno EA Thorel What appears is the initial window or screen that generally represents our worksheet. Fig3 aintoe- INSPECTOR MENU TOOLBAR INFO TOOLBAR STANDARD TOOLBAR WINDOW NAVIGATOR CLASSIC TOOLBAR, as (palette) eo ORIGIN COORDINATES nee — — ‘no ai Tia a 3 = 100 Let us examine, before starting, the different elements that make up this window: - The drawing area is the area into squared paper on a white background where the project is drawn and it is our worksheet; - The menu toolbar is located at the top of the window and contains all the drawing commands. The menus are selected by clicking on them with the left mouse button and displayed in the form of drop - down menu; - The standard toolbar and classic toolbar: is the classic of all softwares and CAD groups, the "icons" of some of the most important commands used during design; - The info toolbar: where are collected the displayed icons with which you can enlarge, move, zoom, etc. and manage the other features of the design. These bars are default, thus fixed within the work plan. 14| bythe European Union a Tiare Fa Features of ArchiCAD are the "mobile bars" composed of icons and editable text fields where you can enter, build, modify all the graphic elements of the design; these movable bars take the name of "palette". Let us look more closely at some parts of our screen, starting from the elements of the "Standard Toolbar” and "Status bar’. The Standard Toolbar Fig 4 Save Taglia Paste Redo newe—[Y a S| x fa @| ou fo fo ot | Open Print Copy Undo Pick Up Parameters Fig 5 Fr et Ty Pal PT erate Special Snap Points Fig 6 Guide Lines Show / Hide Tricker 15lth Eoropean Union Ed Tare Grid Snap Trace Element Snap Set User Origin Fig7 ; a Gravity Trim Elementsto— Mark-Up Trim Adjust Fillet Roof Teale be nF oi | & © Split Intersect Resize Suspend —_ Energy Model Groups Review Open 3D Window Orbit | Gly Gl + @ % fA | Fig 10 Floor Plan Last Layout Explore Model Navigator Current Zoom Increase To Previous " * “ee e 7 , Navigator Quick Zoarn Scroll-Zoom Reduce Fitin To Next Options Zoom Window Zoom 16Thin Preece ded pee Eoropetn Union Ed Tore The first thing to do before starting any drawing operation, is the choice of instruments. The tools can be divided into logical groups: - Selection tools (Arrow, Marquee); - Drawing tools (Fill, Line, Arc / Circle, Polyline, Spline, Figure, Hotspot); - Construction tools, in turn divided into basic elements (Wall, Roof, Beam, Column, Slab, Mesh) and library items (Object, Lamp, Door, Window, Skylight, Stair, Wall End); - Annotation tools (Dimension, Level Dimension, Arc Length, Text Label, Zone); - Complementary tools (Camera, Detail, Section, Elevation) - External instruments (the palette may have other tools when installing - the Add.On, external modules that add additional functionality to ArchiCAD). SELECTION TOOLS Fig at —> Arrow ti i — > Marquee Fig 12 DRAWING TOOLS B —> Fill 2% —— Hotspot 7 ——> Line f-—> Spline CZ —> Polyline lag] ——> Figure O —> Arc/Circle 7al bythe Eoropean Union Ed Terl Figi3. CONSTRUCTION TOOLS (Basic instruments) a a ——> Roof aA — Beam ——> Slab i — Column Sy — Mesh Figaa4 CONSTRUCTION TOOLS (library items ) ga Watend 9 —> amp 8 ——> Corner-Window H— Window — -~- ZF —> skylight B — otiject S— suir rigis ANNOTATION TOOLS #2 ——> Dimension A —> Text 4B! —> Level Dimension AL ——> Label eye ——> Arc Lenght Py — ore 18This Project ishinded phe European Union EA Thorelt Figis COMPLEMENTARY TOOLS ——> Section Ga —> camera ——> Detail 4. —— Elevation Before starting your project , recall some basic notions. To move from one command to another, or discontinue use of the instrument use the command "Esc" key on the keyboard; it deletes all commands and settings of classical bar of instruments. When you draw and make a mistake or if you use "Undo" to go back (as in the word) by the Standard bar, or by the instrument "Arrow" from the classic bar; click on it and the object turns green, click "Delete" to delete the drawing. You can also use the tool "Marquee" for entire parts; you create a window and then clear it. Check, finally, in the standard toolbar, if all instruments are active”, in particular Inspector” ("Show / HideTricker") and "Measure". Fig 17 Fig 18 Cane Tere nn Hep —e a7/|aeepees-Face Bx yey | aieiel sre. , erp Attention, please. The English version of ArchiCAD 16 a! Provides the millimeter as the unit of measure (as Oe aiae| See shown in the figure). Since all the data of the manual is Yonrinoe_<07 expressed in meters, you need to enter in Options > Project Preferences > Dimension. Click on Dimension to enter the unit of measure in meters with decimals. (at least 2 digits) 19yee Eoropetn Union Ei Tir This represented figure is the plan of the ground floor of your building from which you can start to realize the construction of a detached house at a single level. 70 — a 4,10 —— = 4.50 1,60 8 8 3 al 4 a si ot 4 ea fee vm ecroom! GD. t g | france? i rh2s0 oe 8 a 480 eS 50 ig 19 20“This Project inde bythe European Union at Tart Take example from the internal distribution and the dimension set, start to officially enter in the world Archicad, through its most important command: the tool WALL. Lesson 1.2 THE TOOL WALL Fig 20 To start, click with the left button of your mouse on the icon wall (in the toolbar) since you have to set the characteristics of the wall to draw. By clicking the icon box settings (contained in the window default settings), in the figure you'll have the settings window. [Dace =) Settings Dialog -—— Fig 21 To get the settings window you can also double-click on the icon wall. 21Set, in this window, thickness and height of the wall which in this case are respectively 0,40m and 2,7m. ( 400 mm e 2700 mm.). WALL THICKNESS == sob oo (faa Aco) to Project Zaro(3) 0,00 | A A [Jez, |30,00° Story Home Story: Current (0. PIANOTERRA) + ¥ [Zz Hoor Plan and Section Walls copped by one er more roots Custom Texture defines in the 20 Window Fig 22 When finished press "OK" on the bottom left. 22“This Project inde {eh Eoropean Union Ed Tire See what contains this window. Geometry and positioning; define height and thickness of the wall. In your case insert walls of constant section, but it can also have different types of wall by placing the values from time to time. The panel Floor Plan and Section and lets you choose the type of line, color and pattern you want to use internal to draw the wall. In the panel Model we click on the icon to the choice of materials wherever it appears a predefined list; you can leave the wall to put the plaster or brick. The chosen solution is, however, only in the 3D view. If the option chain is active, the wall will consist of a single material, if it is “off” a different material can be assigned to every surface. You can now begin. Click with the left mouse button anywhere on the worksheet and moved away to the right with your mouse. Warning: if the rectangle does not appear with distance and angle, you have to switch the icon "Show/Hide Tracker" on the Standard toolbar. od es @ Distance 623 aide 474° Fig 23 to make a horizontal (or vertical) to the wall and hold the "shift" key and press the "R" key: Fig 24 23This Preece funded Uy the Eropean Union EA Thorall, Leave the keys and type a length of 5.6 meters: —_.— J @ Distance 5,6 7 @ +E tede 000° Fig 25 Press the Enter key (or double-click) to get the following result: LZZEEXEXZEZZZE_EELEEE. Fig 26 With the same procedure realize the other walls of your house. If you approach the mouse on the lower top right side of the wall (as in all EU summits and centerline points) a small "v" appears, indicating the correct position on the summit. Distance 2.22 Kinde 80,26" Fig 27 When you see the "v", click with the left button and move upwards with the mouse. To make vertical the wall hold down the shift key: ¥ Distance 1,37 [+ Arle 90,00" Fig 28 Note: when you start a work the grid of the initial window is small squared. To enlarge the sheet or design, turn the mouse wheel; while holding down the wheel, the cursor changes into a hand and you can move the drawing within the spreadsheet. Now that your walll is perfectly vertical, hold down the shift key, click the "R” key and set the length of the wall, which in this case is 11.90 meters. Press Enter key to get the result in the figure. 24bye Eoropean Union Et Tare Fig 29 The wall can be designed, as mentioned, in various forms, ways and sizes. Pay attention to their method of construction, indicated in the figures with bold line and arrow. Selecting “geometry method straight” and “construction method left” you will have a wall that will be drawn on the left side of its axis. Selecting the various methods you can decide the way in which the wall will be represented. Fig 30 GEOMETRY METHOD CONSTRUCTION STRAIGHT METHOD LEFT If you need to make some changes to a designed wall, you can select it (click on it); the wall will turn green and the nodes automatically appear at the ends (black dots ), practically the attachment points where you must click. EZEZZEELALELLLLLLELELL Fig 31 25This Proc funded bp te European Union Ea Torah Click on a node so that a palette appears : Fig 32 The first instrument "DRAG" allows you to change the object position, of course, even with specific measures; the second instrument "ROTATE" allows the object to rotate to any desired angle, also by entering a specific value. For example, placing the cursor on a node you will have a protractor; clicking on it, it will become active allowing a rotation. © Ragoio/Distanza 1,51 Fig 33 You have to keep straight the main line with "SHIFT + R" and click so to create a point "0" for the rotation: you can rotate it either exactly 90 °, keeping the key "SHIFT + R", or enter a specific value of the angle: ——————— Fig 34 26Lp Eorepean Union Ed Tiorll Fig 35 With a specific angle you get this result: Fig 36 Command "MIRROR", also in this case click on a node to activate the command that allows you to preview the change. 27“This Proce andes yee European Union Ea Tnorlh i gs click and the item will be mirrored on the opposite side. ZEEE Fig 38/39 The instrument "MULTIPLY" is used to create multiple copies of the object, and you can do it in four different ways, but you will see them in subsequent lessons. And finally the tool "STRETCH" that allows you to change the object: to lengthen or shorten it, or to. change direction. Fig 41 WLLL LLL Nn % Aogolo 107° 28This Projecc inde by de European Union Eas Tare Continuing: wall of 4.50 m at a height of 1.00 m. In this case, you have to create the wall (always with shift + R and distance) in the bottom corner. A Distance 3, 78] pig a2 = ode 00° Now to raise the wall of a meter you must proceed in this way. Delete the wall ‘command from the toolbar with Esc and select the wall (which is green): then right key / Move and Drag. Enter 1.00 meter, again with shift + "R", and click to finish . 1,00 Now add a wall of the same height to an existing one. With the tool wall push shift and move the pointer, with the form of white pencil, at the same height of the wall above. click. The two walls have the same height. If you want to measure the walls using MEASURE / Cross + Ruler: tip the extremes When the pointer becomes a black pencil, | of a wall, click and get the exact height. I Fig 45 29This Project ifinded by the European Union Ed Tart Let's continue with a wall closing the last two already made; Click with the pointer on top of the wall just realized, move to the left and when it will be perfectly aligned, Now produce a wall of 6.70 m at a distance of 0.90 m from the previous one, then proceed with that method, previously seen: create the wall and move it: Fig 45 ‘WZ Fig a7 Now complete the design with the latest perimeter walls; create a wall of 4.00 m. 1.30 40 2 Distance 400 7 @ + tage 90900" 2.80 260 To complete the plant of your apartment continue by entering the values in the figure: Fig 49 30by te European Union Ee Thorth Finally connect the last wall designed with the top of the first one, with the same system already seen, and complete the perimeter of the plant to get the following result: Fig 50 Now we need to create the partitions: they will be part of thickness 0.40 m and part of 0.20 m. Start with the partitions of 0,40m thickness, using the method you learnt, to move the walls; thus create the first partition wall adjacent to an existing one (measure to enter is 4.10 m) and then move it of 3,00 m Fig 51 Fig 52 aa ee 3,00 (a tatu 41 79 Se oe 31This Projece sanded plier EA There Move now at the top of the building and proceed in the same way: create a wall of 4.10 m and move it of 4.50 m. The result will be the one in the picture. To conclude ns of thickness 0.30 m, realize the last two as shown: Fig 54 ee = Tose t i seo [| 1.80 90 32This Preece funded bythe Eropoan Union Ed) Thrall Now, to complete the plant, change the wall thickness to 0.20 m and then open the Wall Default Settings and change the thickness. {Bz Geometry and Positioning @] = = to Curent Sto) sal 0.0 = to Project20(5) wel om DT Current (0. PIANOTERRA) =v Fig 55 By reducing the wall thickness of 0.20 meters, you can draw the partitions. In the following figures the main partitions are represented. Near the height of the floor, in Geometry and positioning, there are three symbols of building with a bold line and an arrow. To align the walls we must pay attention to the symbols and use them from time to time. The procedure is always the same, then creating the wall and moving it, you can complete your project. In any event, if you select the wall and click on the node (black tiny balls), a palette will appear. Choose Stretch command combined with shift, to keep the wall vertical or horizontal, to lengthen, or shorten it, or change direction of the wall. 33| bythe European Union Ed Tort Now your plant is ready. 1,10 2,80 Fig 56 Holding down the Ctrl key the cursor turns into scissors. Approaching to a part of it and clicking, you will delete / cut the part. If you want to do a rounding or chamfering part, highlight both walls, open Edit > Reshape > Fillet/Chamfer. 34Uae Eoropean Union Ed Torell Lesson 1.3 DOORS AND WINDOWS Insert now doors and windows. Start by entering the door that allows access to housing. Select the tool door in the “Door Default Settings” of the setting dialogue: for example select the folder " Flat Top Hinged Doors 16". Fig 57 Select the door type (eg a “Door with Sidelight 16”) and enter the desired measures: in this case they are 1.50 and 2.10 for the width and the height. Pay attention to the preview. Press OK. 35Wisteria Ea Terai In the subfolder "Hinged Door Settings". and then in " Door Leaf Type and Handle” you can choose different types of panels for the door and many handles. Then come back to the plant and approaching the mouse to the spot on the wall where you want the door. When you are on the inside edge of the wall, in the desired position for the insertion of the door, the pointer will turn into an inverted Y; Click with the left mouse button to place it. Fig 60 36Thi Project inde Gh Eoropean Union Et Tare After clicking the left mouse button you will see a symbol that represents an eye: click again with the left button, making sure to click on the inside of the perimeter, to indicate that the door opens inward and not vice versa. By clicking on the selected part, floating toolbars or palettes will appear; they may be useful, as for example, by selecting the door and using "Drag", you can move the door. This can be useful to positioning the door, for example, 10 cm from the edge. Clear the command with Esc and select the door. With an internal node, let a palette appear; clic Drag ( or select Move with left button and drag). Bring the door to the end, adjacent to the wall and then click. Select again the door (internal node) and shift + R put at distance of 0.10 m, Proceed in the same way for the insertion of the other doors changing of course a new type of door for the interior side. Fig 61 a (iG) ote 37pee Europetm Union 4 Tort Suppose you have this solution: Vtg Fig 62 Obviously the two highlighted doors, so close together, can create problems in the paths: to eliminate the problem see how to proceed in inserting a sliding door. 38This Project nde by oe European Union 6 Tsar Open the settings window and choose "Flat Top Sliding Doors 16" and “Pocket Door 16; set the measures and everything you want to change, click on OK and the door will be changed automatically. Fig 63 soos Sito alae . Cpenrgrine — Aseaectoal BretTorstingooas 16 ow Sie Dele wer Sidvy (EEEISEY ‘Sling Doo 8 Dae 18 i 39This Project isfunded ty the Earopean Union EA Thott In this figure you have the final complete plant. Fig 64 40This Project is fonded “ maceceears, £4 Thaw Lesson 1.4 WINDOWS Now proceed with the insertion of the windows, using the same process seen for the doors. Click on the command Window: Open the window of the box settings and choose the type of window, ("Basic Windows 16” and “Double Sash Window 16”) in "Preview and Positioning"; the first two symbols indicate the width and height of the window, the low symbol indicates the height from the ground. ee] i) 5 mavens QB2 = (228 Hi = Bs — srt ooo See fit Parameters > Sencnete Type Sonny ar 41This Proce funded bythe European Union Ei Tinral Choose the " Double Sash Window 16" and complete the plant by the insertion of the windows. Obviously the rooms have a standard size, while for the bathroom you can choose a smaller one and a larger for the living room. The figure shows an example that you can change at will. At this point you can only proceed with the inclusion of them in the plant that is the same as explained for doors. To make a copy of the window and open it on the same wall, select it, click on its side and press Ctrl. You will see a +; drag the window and click. The same system can also copy the entire plant and put it ‘on the worksheet. In the subfolder "Basic Window Settings" you can make all the changes you want, such as the shoulders or the shutters. pS Sx = a: et Fig 67 Finally to save the drawing go in the top bar. From File / Save as..., for example, on the desktop. Enter a name and save. 42“his Project inde ly the Eoropean Union Ed Tort Chapter 2 FURNITURE, FILL, DIMENSION,TEXT, PRINT Lesson 2.1) Interior FURNITURE Click on the icon "Object" from the toolbar and then click on settings dialog to choose the object to be inserted and set the parameters. Fig 68. TK ett ets Dinesh.) eee a a oo Fig 69 Suppose you want to insert a table in the living room. In the folder Furnishing 16, choose the subfolder "Tables 16" and "Dining Table 116 ora Object Toot] ae Fig 70 43The Proce nda Tree Eeepen Union Edi Thre From " Object Default Settings", in the file "Parameters" you can define all the details of the object, such as the size, the material, the representations in 2d and 3d, etc. So in "preview and positioning" enter the size of the table: Fig 72 Preview and Positioning (4)PP) ining Tabie 03 16 ‘to Curent Story (5) Bp o00 SF aa | eee vem! 0,00 0,002 x B u0 6 fae Bt 27 a i, a er Curent (0. GeardFee) = Pay attention to the black X in a box; it indicates the point where the object is positioned in the plant. In the parameter list, open "2D representation’, click on the arrow to display the subfolder and "Contour Pen" to change the color of the line of the perimeter of the selected object because, sometimes, the default color is not black, but green. Warning that next to the colors you have even the thickness of the pen. Ey Parameters 20 Detal Level Detaled a > Legs > Frome b Tabletop "Z_20 Representation €8 (Becxground) [1900.00 mm) Si Besground Pen [1800.00 mm) b- Minimat Space b 30 Representation Fig 72 ene Db. Parameters for Listing If left of a parameter you see a small black arrow, you must click on it to show a number of additional subordinates parameters.This Project is funded a Tbe Boop on £4 Thar In "Floor Plan and Caolean Section" you change the ‘Show on Stories Home Story Only s thickness and color to be sro. attributed to —the FA™ Enable Object’ Linetypes v elements in both plan BY Enable Objects Pens w and section, C_ Symbolunes Sold Une LH symbol ine Pen 0.13mm : In "Symbol" be sure that CUTSURFACES in “Symbol Line Pen" FR Enable Objects Attributes e the box is black and not Batra Background co green. LY cutune pen 0.3mm : f— WN astrapen o.13mm o CLLW cutFilBackgroundPen = mm ma CC) Fig 73 Close "Symbol", open "Cut Surfaces " and change the green with grey; Click the "OK" button in the lower right corner to close. a [Ay sive riers 6 = SF > 7. torte Sect aa wT | oe He @ SP Diners -rnace 45“This Project landed by th European Union Ea Thora ZZ Click now at the point where you wish to insert the object; Click the "Ese" key on the keyboard to disable the command. Fig 75 Fig 76 Even for objects you can use the commands: Drag, Rotate, Mirror, Elevate, Multiply and Move node. In fact clicking the object you have the icon that allows you to make the desired changes. You should click on the external nodes otherwise the command "Move node" does not appear in the palette. With the Drag command you can move the object in all directions; just click on the point where we want to place the objec ct to deselect it. As regards the Rotate command you must first select the command. Fig 77 46Wythe Eooreee Uae Ed Tore 2 Redius/Distance 0,35 Click on the node where you want rotation; a guideline appears so that you can choose the ‘rotation angle. Fig 78 Click on the desired point: the object begins to rotate according to the guideline. When you have chosen the new location of the object, click again and the object will be —_ placed perfectly; finally click Esc to deselect the command. il % Angle -45,00° Fig 79 A dord 052 51 vclength 0,53 With the command * Move nede” you can change the size of the object. With shift and R you can directly enter the measures to lengthen or shorten it without returning to the home screen of the settings. Fig 80 47 width 1,56 > Depth 089 +Sacecon ine Ee Tiare Now let’s insert the chairs, introducing the method for inserting objects under other objects. Open “Object Default Settings”: Fig a1 a areas (Ph) omerwowere (Qs sre eave me Beneeareste Boesanens Brerave nye 6 Gres canet is Spice some 6 Qoreceaioner 6 Giceiramnre is Corot Gand ow) > i Pomoc > 20 Remrenintion > timer Space > 30 Representation Beraeeed Dulgechth Segre method as for the table, choose a chair; from the subfolder "Chairs 16" choose “Designer Chair 01 16". Remember to change to black the "Contour Pen" in Parameters, 2D Representation. The chair will be positioned at the top or bottom of the table. From the library, proceeding with the ¥ Fig 82 48To create another chair, you can follow the same procedure or you can do a copy / paste (select table, click right) of the previous chair with shift to maintain the orthogonality; position the chair next to the first. It's clear that if you want to place the chairs in an exact location, you can put them on board table and, with shift + R, enter the distance. S74 Sd If the chairs appear above the table select the same table> right click> Display Order > bring to Front, to enable the option. xXxBex«D ee ER connect “ xs Fig 84 Object Selection Settings cute Select & Activate Toot Share Object. cut cue copy cree Paste cutey Delete Layers +) = Bring Forward Send Backward Convert Selection to Morph) Show Selection/Marqueein30 FS Show Allin 30 cers 4, Show Stored Selection/Marquee in 3D @ Zoom te Selection Curls Shatt-! Deselect al 49This Projeceiafanded bythe Eoropesn Union 6 Tara Select the two chairs (one at a time with shift)> right click> Move> Mirror a copy. BB Object Selection Settings Cte ‘Select & Activate Tool @ share Object. oe ge aux BB Cony cue B Pate cuiev (een os ro Display Order » Rotate Chee, ie » Mirror Cte © Beate. cubs Gs Convert Selection to Morphis) 1G DagaCopy — Ctoshitd Connect & Rotates Copy CteShitE 3 een? Fema Geom | & Show Atin3d cots Drago Copy show Stored Secon Marqusin 30 Sener Secon niees 0 Beate utile Copy cer ae ee ay cuit DeselectAll 50et Tiare Placing the cursor along the edge of the table, a small segment shows you the middle of it. By clicking the midpoint two rectangles representing appear the shapes of the chair. With the shift to keep them straight, click on the long side on the middle of the table. Point to the center (when engaging snap at the center of the table next to the pointer it appears a "v") and shift +click to Be, | end and place the chairs on the other side of the Fig 87/88 To put the side chair> selection of a chair> right click> move> rotate a copy and after finding the position, shift + click to close. Alternatively, return to the screen “default settings”. If in the preview you see an arrow in the top left corner, you can click here to turn the chair. At this point, you can perform the same operations described for the insertion of the first chair. Fig 89 It is not necessary to repeat "Bring to Front” because the command is already stored and then all the chairs will appear under the table. Fig 90 51byte European Union Ea Thorlh Exercise: proceed putting two sanitary in the bathroom. From 1.6 Mechanical 16> Plumbing Fixtures 16> Wc, Bidet, Urinals choose (eg WC 16) and position it by the method discussed above. Obviously, as with any element of Archicad you can make changes, such as in the section Parameters > We Settings, you can change the type of wc and Flush Type. aera 3 Giscalcoewaer geen. | eee ers Spee 2 So le TG ace acces wal tw oa Gavan. coes mae on > | foie Bovsse Bie ea ares > 92 ako @ In the window “Preview and Positioning”, in the screen of settings appears a ‘small arrow with which you can perform an orientation or a rotation immediately without resorting to subsequent commands. 52“This Project sfonde tye European Union £8 Thor Remember also in "Symbol" and "Floor Plan and Section”, to change color (black) into little rectangles. To put it at a precise distance, it is always the same concept: put side by side the two elements and select, the command move and shift + R to enter the distance. Fig 92 doors and windows, you can place that element at any point; then with selection > palette > drag, let it coincide with the perimeter wall: at this point with shift + R enter the distance from the wall (at least 0,50 m.) for the final 4 position. | 4 Also in this case, as seen for Fig 93 (i sainaie Spe we Finally choose the second sanitary element and, as depicted and defined in the screen, position it in the plant according to the procedures just described. 53“hie Project nde tytn Cropean Uren 4 Tire When finished you will have the A following situation. Fig 94 Finally, for some furniture, armchairs and dressers, for example, you can also change the feet, the facade, the handles, always in General Settings screen of Settings. To practice you should furnish the whole plant, also in view of interior renderings. The following solution is an example. Fig 95 q T 7 ft & i i i El Bedroom ne (i ] ee =n atvay ast [ | ou Entrance 4 | = in e = LV 54“This Project i nde ly theEoropenn Union Ed Tart Lesson 2.2 FILL To insert a fill to an object, select it and click with (Bi ovjectstectonsaing cet | the right mouse button on the object. Automatically eee the drop-down of the functions appears; click on {ence "Object Selection Settings". % ce cute BR Cony ene Pace cum X date Dipay Order . overs . ©. comer seletion to Morph) 4B Show SeecionMarquerin3d 5 & show A1in30 mers ES Stored Stecton Marquee 930 ® zoomtoscleton chsh Dest Fig 97 The fill can be: - Full shading; - Blank; - Net linear gradient Ft Fer tei Demet Taw Medora From the menu bar Options> Element GS tetas palin cod Attributes> Fill Types is Possible £0 wn yiy ae” bel duplicate, rename or delete them. B coy. i Fig 98 V restcen be. 2 tect i 1 tnt. E iameeunge. 55“This Projece tande Ea Piscean a Tiara | In the Settings dialog box you can add the "text area”; at the end of the design of the texture will appear a hammer that will help you to place the text with one click. The unit of measurement and the measurement precision of the surface are defined in Options > Project Preferences > Dimension. Under the folder "Parameters" open the subfolder "2D representation" from which you can change the border color of the fill, the type of the fill, as the material of the object used. It will Appear "Fill void" be cause the object is in the plant, in fact, is empty. Now go to "Fill Type” and ch ovse, for Boa Dim Encen Box eter Bertone oven Bove Bios Goines Bien Bias = Bion Emo Blood example, wood (it ap pears only in 2D). wei uct Basin Brews Boone ‘Dien Qremes a ee Benne \ \ \ \ \ Dun | ' | \ ga open aa am) ahog Beno ga Siete (oem Beans Stee aan Fill Pen indicates the wood grain; 94 clear. Fill Background Pen, finally for the color of the table (color 114), in Fig 92 56“This Project inde pe Eorpean Union Ed Tiare Fig 100 77 From the list of parameters open 2D representation and "Contour Pen" that allows you to change the color of the line of the perimeter of the object and "Model" to edit the material. With "Fill Pen" choose the lines that will cover the subject and with the command "Fill background Pen " you can modify the uniform color of the object. Then close with "OK". 57| bythe European Union Edi Thora After setting all the parameters the object will appear already colored, then click on the OK button and see the object in the plant: Fig 102 Fig 103 ‘ A : 4Fig 105 [ee La “hie Proje inde bythe European Union Ea Tort Suppose finally you want to put a floor in the bathroom. This is not a simple Fill and it is therefore necessary to perform a different procedure. Double-click in the vertical toolbar icon “Fill” and in the “Gener Settings”, click "Foreground", black arrow and “Grid 30 x 3 you must always change the nib (light gray) and put "zero" at the color of the grid. Fig 106 There are three methods; from the menu bar, choose "rectangle". Click on a corner /inside vertex > palette> Straight segment. Click on all inside corners until coming back to the starting point; Double-click to enter the fill. 59This Project inde yee European Union et Tiare Pay attention to the outline of the fill; if it is not equal> select fill> right click> settings> contour fill. Fig 107 Fig 108 Clicking on a nede> palette> move node, you change the fill adapting it to the outline; You can also insert new nodes by clicking on the thicker line of the green outline. In the selected fill, it appears a thicker line; take an edge of the line and tilt the fill that rotates; or take another corner of the room and click on it. If you want to insert tiles inclined at 45 °, select the Fill > right click> Fill Selection Settings > General Settings > Construction Method > Distorted Fill or Relative to the Fill Origin linked to the origin of the screen and ok. Fig 109 60mom = ttm aed tabateg ancy luabara | suere tom zones Ge Toer and categonee rca Sten To change the value, select only the measure > right To enter square meters of the surface, by “Fill Selection Settings” > replace “grid 30 x 30” with “Air Space”, click and select the box “Show Area Text”. Back in the drawing, using rectangle method > edge> edge and going back to the beginning the cursor takes the form of a hammer. Clicking it appears the value of the surface. Fig 110 lick > Dimension Text Settings> Custom Text change the measure > ok. i_ Bathroom Le 5,000 m2 61Thi Project finde Ha by de European Union Ed Thorelh Lesson 2.3 DIMENSION From the toolbar, select the command " quote all the elements. mension"; it serves to Double-clicking on the dimension command, it appears the usual window “Dimension Default Settings. Here you can choose all the settings before you place Dimension. You can choose the type of share, or choose the "image" to be displayed in your design; the same goes for the "Witness Line” (before activated). Also you can set the type of the writing, the size of this, and the location (above, in the middle or below the line). Ma Sod Binds 2 Etat UF urdenne Dimension Tool YY Marker and weness ie Options ee Fig 112 > Togs and Categories =o 1 Fig 113 62This Project linge pee European Union £4 Tart Pay a particular attention to the nib (put black color) and to the height of the dimension (M = 3.00 mm). A very important element is "Display the Height of Openings as well " (Dimension Details) because this command allows you to quote doors and windows. After choosing all the parameters and click on OK, it appears a cross, instead of the usual mouse pointer. Fig 114 -—_Gieame z= es ne Before proceeding with the list of dimension, choose from 84 5 “Default settings", the side that can be vertical or ath — horizontal, oblique or arched. oa Fig 115 a Now you can start to dimension your project. Fig 116 alway e=patnraom lanwo lla = [Ec | 5.000 m= 10.90 x 5.000 m2 L fora | Bedrooih Biro LoEa phe European Union £8 Thor) With the cross, that appears, select all the edges to quote. On each selected edge appears a little ball, double-clicking on an external dot of your design, dimensions will appear. Fig 117 1090 a0 485 To remove the grid> View> turn off Grid Display To remove the dots in the written dimension > View > On-Screen View Options> and turn off Figure Handles.Ea Byte Coepent ln 4 Tharlh Lesson 2.4 TEXT To enter a text on the page of your project: select the text tool in the tool bar. Double clicking on the "Text", the following window will appear: TexeBoccange: Ded age T W ainayaeneale Fig 119 From here you can change all the settings and the character of the writing, its height and type that can be bold, italic, underline, or even striped. You can also decide the alignment, line spacing, width and spacing; once set all parameters click on the OK button. 65Ed Tiorlt Now you have not the mouse pointer, but a cross, point it at any point of the sheet and dragging the color blue, choose the parameters; while In the bar surrounded by in the below bar you will write your text. To close the command simply click anywhere in your worksheet. ‘As an example it is proposed the usual plant shown in Fig 121. Fig 128 Consider the position of the rectangle, because — where it appears you'll have the text. Fig 122 a= 8 TT mouse, wn (a) (419 when the rectangle 3 “J Bedroom you'll have a rectangle: reached the desired size, click again and you'll have another image. Fig 120 | wile) ES se ko Se (TE om | (a8) (az 66Thi Project inde by te European Union Eas Thorlh ‘As exercise, customize the plant, changing furniture, screens and any other element, to obtain a suitable environment for both interior rendering, or other solutions to offer and choose the best one. Fig 123 67“This Projece ia fanded by the European Union a Tart Lesson 2.5 PRINT fit View Desion Document Fig 424 D New > & open » BP close Project CtrleShitew re To print open "File" from the drop-down box and then click on “print.” swe cess \Bh saveas.. Cite Shite © Send Chang cu Pe Create Travel Pack Export for EM File Special » ‘Bternal Content > Libraries and Objects » The following window appears: Pintar MicowllXPS Docment Wl Prevaves © Endee Diowings © caent Zoom 68“This Projece ia fanded bythe European Union Tare To change the printer, click on page @ and the next window will appear. From here you can change the printer and its settings by clicking Properties, set LS] __ Pees. Pronta the paper size = and pg eeteacg meee orientation. 1P=182.168.1 100 Hes-HPCCCTS7 Once you have finished choosing all the settings you am I a want, click OK and return to the previous screen, Ssiexons saonatcamen Fig 126 Pink Misono PS Dosa iter So in “print area” choose Pres whether to print the entire © Ene Dring drawing or print only the current © Camert Zoom zoom you see in the visible part [© ane of the screen. In the part relating Piniwor to" break ‘if you choose to print oa one or more pages in the case © Pages your design occupies more than Fen fF Te fT _» _|]} one sheet. In the "scale" sets the scale of the drawing that can be original 1: 100; Adapted to the page and the drawing will be adapted automatically to the sheet, or choose personal, Seale © ina: 1:10 CC FitoPae 1 @ © Custom: 1: fo 100 = where you can set the desired scale. On the right side you can ees choose to print on file, collate copies, print in black and white, etc. . 69‘This Project is funded i weeps £4 Toa You can also insert the headlette or footer and edit their parameters by clicking on settings. You can also determine the quality of printing and the number of copies. In the "Arrangement" you can immediately see the position of the drawing on the paper that we can move with the arrow keys of positioning, with the above modifiers. Obviously, click "Print" to close and print the worksheet. Lesson 2.6) EXTRA FURNITURE If you want to enter furnishings that are not present in the base library of ArchiCAD, you can increase the existing one through other objects, downloading them from the website, accessible via the following link: http://archibase.co/qdI You will have the following interface: niae anctiease @QNET 70Thi Project atid byte European Union a Tart From the red edged panel, you can load the objects of the specific sector, or only objects for the _—kitchen, += the_—iiving = room, ~— rooms. _— etc. Suppose you want to load a series of objects for the living room. Therefore in the "Category" you're going to click the "Chairs, Tables, Sofas," as reported in the following image. eeerr 2 Fig 129 You can browse through several pages to display more items, clicking "Next" in the green box. Start with loading the Sofa (red box): click on it to have the following screen : Downloads! 1079 ‘aded by: Airy Into: ee marron without registration! Ge. Mease do not forget that you can add Snot ad objec wth sich extenson 98 the 30 object and at your own to our det gm, mchded to 2p or far arte. You slag, max et Fig 130 71Ea bythe European Union et Tort Clicking again on the figure in red in the above image , to get the following screen |B sorszronimeinncossenserssea76 5% Wok 2 achive (3B) re oe dove ar Fetoxcon que fle) sect con WinRAR ar rein 2 ae aera naan ee qua anne pre te ute t20 Fig 131 Drag the file on to the desktop to have the following icon: Seif bielies Fig 132 Weridiennm Now you can perform the normal download and can open the downloaded file, that is zipped. Once you open the downloaded folder, you have a set of files: take into account only that edged in red in the figure below, which is the file extension ".gsm': 72{yene European Union £4 Trareli File Commands Tools Favre Options Helo SAE w hw wo ‘Add fvactTo Test View Delete Find Ward Iwo a 4+ # ViasScan commen SEX FE) orszaorarocroncossaansersesaarezip-ZP ace unpacte Sze 1275105 bytes [Name ‘Sze Packed Type Mostied —_ CRC2 ‘ Carla fie sreipazenet nt 52 Si Documentaditesto 02/06/2008. 7888. 44208924 4274778 tmmagine PEG 2yoyeni2. 00s. Sofa Licrer Mercheme NOVDSIS max 1555296 42351 Fle WAX O7/0/2015. Osea. 1 Tene 60 800 080010 44783 446261. Inmagine EG 1os/2001. 685066. Texure ANG.D9'ip6 60851 54351 immagine 66 oo420i5. EEA. Tere ANG WMT Tsu 690 2ANI24L 2373695 Immaging PEG esou2nis. B03. Fig 133 After saving the file on your desktop, go back on the interface of ArchiCAD to load the downloaded object in base library. Double-clicking on "Object" you have the screen shown next. You will then click on the red icon "Upload another subject," in the figure. by tating nde y > Ga Tams Cea Fig 134 73This Proje istnde bye European Union Ee Travel Open the following screen: Wi Apo ite Oggette GDL Generale ta _— — 2 G ae PES SSS None: Safa Lhe Merne NOTOETS Tote (Cassio GOUGeracie Proceed, finally, in the following way: 1. Click on "Desktop" red edged. 2. choose the saved file, which is located on the desktop, green edged. 3. Click on "Open", edged with orange. Once loaded the object, proceed with the insertion into the plant, as for all other objects. 74bye Eoropean Union Et Tare Chapter 3 SLAB and FLOOR, SECTION, ELEVATION, AXONOMETRY, PERSPECTIVE. Lesson 3.1) SLAB and FLOOR Let’s continue our project of a single level house introducing new commands to complete it . Fig 136 Fig 137 The tool "Slab" is used to perform a floor, an intermediate floor, or both to cover it or a terrace. Double-clicking the slab command you'll have the usual window "Slab Default Settings". In the "Geometry and Positioning" area, choose which measure to enter the slab and its thickness. The default does not allow, sometime, to enter or change the thickness. It is necessary to go to "FLOOR PLAN DISPLAY" item STRUCTURE and "Cut Fill" and put a fill (Vectorial Fills) or any other fill, but not "composed" (Composite Structure). The composed ones, in fact, are already structural with their thicknesses; for example, put in "Vectorial Fills" the fill "Lightweight concrete" (Figure 138). 75‘byte Eoropean Union 4 Tira When you activate the box, enter the value. For a roof slab thickness put 0.30 m. and a height of 3.00 meters (2.70 + 0,30) to "Current Story" (Fig 137): if you leave the value zero you insert a floor. a J CutFilPen 013mm so = oitflesdgandeen ann » C4 SX cutlines soidtne SB cuttneren 0.35mm > i= ~ — ovmnes TSX thcat ines Saline COB vnaatine Pen 0.18 mm s =) COVER FILLS: r Fig 139 In "Floor Plan Display" you have also to change the thickness of the contour lines and colors of both lines and filling. Under "Cut Surfaces” in "Cut Fill Pen" the rectangles, by default, are always green, (if you have not already used the tool); put the color black or gray. Scrolling the folder, under Cut Surfaces, find "OUTLINES", be sure that in "Uncut lines" there is the Solid Line. Otherwise click on the line and choose Solid Line, click on "Uncut Line Pen" and on the arrow of the small rectangle choose "Black 1": Ok to close. In the last section about the "Model" you can choose the materials. For a roof slab click the small arrow to choose the coverage and the materials; e.g. "Roof-Asphalt Shingle Brown". Finally click the OK button. In the information bar, you can choose several Geometry Methods, but there are only three with tools slab: |-—_ sean | nme Select the method of polygonal construction, click on a summit of the plant; it appears a line with which you can trace the perimeter of the entire plant, if you want to make a single floor, otherwise you can just trace the affected area to a portion of the slab floor covering or flooring. 76rey “This Project fondo Ich European Union Ed Thre In fig 141 you have an example just for a single piece of coverage (or floor with measures in the settings of 0.00). You can proceed as seen for the fills, clicking edge to edge. Clicking on a starting node and using shift to maintain the vertical and /or horizontal plant, click on the node where the boundary changes direction (at the following edge the pencil becomes black). Continue to click node by node up to close the perimeter as shown in fig 142. Fig 141 Fig 142 =e ae chen [oe qos = ae ce rH Sr lion a A oll ee entrance Entrance Ling To realize on the contrary, the covering slab, click on the nodes of the entire perimeter. IP Fig 143This Project i onde yee European Union et Tiare A covering floor cannot be built at a plumb line to the wall. It is necessary to add a ledge. Select the whole plant in order to highlight the nodes (black dots). To make the ledge, or EAVES, take a node (edge)> palette> move node> shift + R> enter a ledge, for example 0.50,> enter. This action must be done for each node (edge) around the perimeter, previous node. or with shift + mouse you can align to the If the slab matches a node of the wall, you have to change the position of the node with "tab" (button of capital letters on the keyboard) as an element of selection. 7B In the figure 145 you can see the full ledge (a continuous blue line). You can check the operation in Axonometry. To insert the floor go back to the Slab command in the toolbar and open the window "Slab Default Settings": first set 0.00 value to " Current Story" so that the slab, you create, can become the floor. Now you can, optionally, run a single floor or change the materials to distinguish the different areas. In "Model", for example, you can choose the Marble White 01 for the living room, a Tile for the bathroom and a parquet for the bedrooms, as in Figure 147.Ba phe Eoropean Orion Ed Tire To enter the materials in every room, proceed node by node, as seen previously. Delimit a zone at a time; for example, begin with the floor of the living area by entering the marble. Delimit the next area, the bathrooms, for example, change material and go on to fill the rooms. Fig 147 Tile Entrance NB: it can happen that after creating the floor this overlaps with all the other elements of the plant and whenever you want to select a specific object (for example to change part of the furniture), the pointer could “hang” only the floor-fill, not allowing any operation. So you must select the floor and with right key> Display Order> Send to Back, put below all the other elements. This will happen only in the plant, without changing any value; then in the 3D slab/floor it will not move (Fig 148). Fig 148 9 Parquet Tile Parquet sate sany am om s 5 1 comet 7 {0 pewiccn now“This Project funded tytn traces etn Ed Tare Lesson 3.2) SECTION To perform a section of the project select "Section Tool” from the toolbar; double-clicking it, you'll have the usual default. Section Tool] _| Fig 149 In this window you can assign a reference ID, the name of the section (instead of section 001, put A-A), and choose the view depth (Horizontal Range: Infinite). Fig 150 Cseamerted —Lenatns [000 | am ~ ee (@ Marker Head at the Ends o+.+ @ [Butta section er 2) luse smb ore em “ei To —— ew) a= | SOA Seas! ages ie =o ios yf 80.pene European Union 8 Trarel First, in the "Marker" folder (in Fig 151 on the previous page), choose line of orientation of the section, for example "Dot & Dashed” or with the small black arrow choose the type of line. Then "Continuous or Segmented" and "Marker Head at the Ends." Fig 152 Then set the character (like Word) and the height for both letters and symbol. In "Marker Head" choose a symbol, that is the style to be attributed to the section, using the small black arrow in the bottom right; such as Style 3. In the " Model Display " you can choose whether to display the colors of their elements into cutting or matching the colors of both Cut Elements and Uncut Elements. It is recommended, for the sections, to click on "Uniform Pen for Cut Elements" and to control the example of Fig 152. Scrolling the folder you can choose whether or not to insert the shadows; besides the Com ® custom ® ©] show neerence 10 5 show name | Sw Hare Show tapout Contr st 3p Model Display choosing of the color you can so = || define the angle and the eee 7 altitude of the sun. eB Uncst Surfaces Pen Wedon Beda... CO] Unfarm Pen fr Ua Cn, r reas Vectra 30 nating r , Finally click on the button OK. To enter the section line at the wished point scroll the mouse horizontally or vertically cutting the plant, and then double-clicking it, you have the section line. 81| ty the Eoepean Union £8 Thorell tenen Ce | Entrance Ae Fig 154 To see the Section select line section, even if you just see it, click on it with th right mouse button; a window appears in which you can select "Open Sectior vv co (CR ro e DB Section Selecionsetings cost HT Sle & cna Too [apenseeion Open Section in new windew Fig 155 Entrance Show 2: Trace Reference | - Set as Linked Marker a ce Cttex If the arrows and/or letters are too large or too small, proceed in the following way: Select the section line and right click> Section Selection Settings open the folder Marker where in Built in Section Marker you can change the sizes until they go well. The computer develops the section automatically. Click F2 to come back to the plant. 82Ths Proc sanded bythe European Union Ed Tiorelt SECTION A -A Fig 156 E ] Hi 4 ff & we Remember that the "shadows" are in the subfolder Settings default under "Model Display”. To change them “tick” Vectorial 3D Hatching and Sun Shadow; enter the desired values. To remove them, delete the check mark. Fig 157 SECTION B-B (not in your plant) Fig 158 To make changes, or any other operation, you have to bring the section on the worksheet where is the plant. Select all> right click> copy. Close the window with "x" (the small black one), return to the plant and paste the section: enter key. No tool must be active, now simply delete by Can button, after having selected the interested part, any part considered superfluous. Remember that when submitting a project, it must be structurally "clean". 83“This Projects funded Uy ths Coton Un a Thorell Remember that the sections should always be listed vertically. Example with Section B-B cleaned by furniture, with measures. a Ss 210 Fig 159 Lesson 3.3) Section or Elevation (prospectuses) To make a prospectus proceeds as seen in the section, but the line of the prospectus must be external to the plant. By tool "Section" or “Elevation” open the settings window (Fig 160) and operate as above, pay attention that the ID must contain the cardinal points (North, East, West, South). Remember: the line of the prospectus must be drawn outside the plant; select the line> Open Elevation> enter. (Fig 161). no A Fig 161 84‘This Project is funded “ wieaiees: ca Te In the prospectus you must include the shadows The prospectus, as the section, must be brought on the worksheet, where the plant and the section are, in order to perform operations; repeat the procedure just seen previously for the section. Fig 162 oo L Hi) This figure is however a "clean prospectus" (it can be used to change something, to enter different shades, to mark a thicker line of the ground level, etc.) Fig 163 00) LU OO Let’s modify, for example, the table shown in Fig 163. Our project is in wooden structure; change the white fill with a wooden fill of plank type. Select a fill as shown > right click > Fill Selection Settings: 85— E a= Nh a | Porat you have the following screen: Fill Selection Settings uw < * & General Settings =a = GJ 86 Faves. Selected: 1 Eaitable: 1 Fig 164 Fig 165“This roc unde tytn Eorpeen Unie £4 Tore Click on the small arrow of "Air space” and select the fill "Plywood" Fig 166 Before you close you have to change the color of fill, otherwise, white on white screen, you cannot see anything; choose gray (n. 61) for a statement in black and white. Fig 167 (Bi Ftseecion setngs Ca) Ereainte_| ‘Solacuc: 1 Eaiable:t & General settings gee) owt he re i= eBomgoemoan ‘Show free Tet | | > 2 Using and Labelng > ep Tageandctegones BB @Ddintins eed 87‘bythe European Union 4 Trorel) The result is the following: Fig 168 oo) OO You can change the rest and put the shadows: Fig 169 lod) U ou Let’s modify, for example, the table shown in the figure, or let's replace the white wall with a colorful plastered one. Select the wall of the prospectus> right click> Fill Selection Settings; clicking a window appears in the figure in which you must modify the Fill with Solid Fills. Click on the “Air Space"> small arrow> Solid Fills> Foreground (Air Space key is now named Foreground and is stored). Hi Fill Selection Settings Fig 170 88| Sythe European Union Ed Thorlt Then choose the color. In line with Foreground there is a black pen with the fill, a number and a key of the same color of Foreground. Click on the button and you have the choice of colors for the wall; the figure shows the color 114. Click OK and Enter. Fig 171 The prospectus will appear colored as in the picture. In the event that the fill does not appear in the prospectus just select wall > right click > Display Order > bring to Front. Fig 172 Unlike the sections, the prospectus must have shadows to give a sense of depth. Therefore it’s necessary to insert them before making the prospectus, or after, as follows. 89“This Proje inde by che European Union Double-click on the tool Section or Elevation to have the window Section / Elevation Default Settings. So in " Model Display " change the values "Sun Azimuth” and "Sun Altitude"; try to set Sun Altitude at 45.00 °, as shown, and "check" Fig 173 ———EE Bianca DY ctineren 0.2810 a MEW arraren 120m wa ay WV cutetosasrowndren — Tranpwent 6 voneeer r eee ie orion ae a 4 Soundary Dep Ne contours Opening the prospectus it will look like this: Sun Shadow. Ok and Enter. Fig 174 oo 00 90This Projecc is funded f paren £4 Twat This example was done with the front prospectus; if you want you can try exercising with other prospectuses, possibly by changing both the colors, to see their differences, or the shadows, or using different materials. In the realized prospectuses you see shutters on the windows. Now let's see how to insert them; click on the top of the window and open Window Default Settings. selese B-o ax Fig 175 God ees Gta = oa) Ca) Scrolling with the arrows the different pages of the settings window, get to Sash Options; click on the small arrow and choose the option Sunshade Settings. a1Roo (fret Qomirg “I eee ee erent 2“Tis Project fed ‘bythe European Union EA Thora You can now enter the sunshades clicking on the walls or directly in 3D. If you want to change the color of the sunshades select the last button on the right of the bar Sunshade Settings; you'll have the following window. You can try, for example, with the color blue. Fig 179 93Ed Tort ‘As an accessory you can add a handle to the door; double-click on Door to ‘open Door Default Settings. Fig 181 amo @ Ceres) = oa of“This Project funded {bythe European Union £8 Thor Go to settings hinged door and scroll pages until you get Door Leaf Type and Handle; click on the handle to open the window in the figure, where you can choose the handle of your choice (Knob 2) and insert it, for example, in the front door. Remember that, by clicking on the handle, the door opens. SO Fig 182 95This Project inde Syan Srcpean en Eas Tart Lesson 3.4) AXONOMETRY 3D Before achieving a 3D image, select from the palettes "3D Projection Settings" of Figure 184, to have the following figure: Fig 184 If you click on the icon little house, Custom axonometry, you have a window from which you can directly choose the desired axonometric view; click on one of these and you will immediately see the selected view in the model at your left. If you need to have a different view among those proposed simply vary the values of X, Y and Z, in a for the angle and h for the size. 96Ite Eoropean Union Ed Tare If you move towards the bottom you can find the image of the building in the middle of two orbits; on the first is located a camera, on the other the sun. By moving the camera on the orbit the construction will have a rotation on the plane and the same can be done by changing the value of azimuth. Moving the sun, on the contrary, you go to change the position of the shadow and the light, and the same can be done by changing the values in Sun Azimuth. By clicking on the icon below "Sun", a window appears, Figure 186, where you can change the color of sunlight and the environment and decide to insert the fog and in what inp. sim Postion to Project Location Also you can choose |) *2 ~ 2 @| 2 dino the city where you are || [i+:homhtsewnge and enter the date and : time when you want ————— to see the 3D. Fig 186 After setting all the parameters click OK to return to the project. 97“hie Proje ended by ene European Union i Tiare Fa [5)30 Window (e)- » >| zR Finally, click on the icon "Axonometry" and the aceceataianaal computer automatically will draw the 3D image. Fig 187 Fig 188, To rotate the 3D click the "Orbit" icon. Fig 189 To explore inside the building you must first enter the "3D Window" in "Perspective" to turn the moving man (Explore Model), in Figure 190. Click Explore Model> "Explore 3D information> Explore 3D. you can enter "virtually" in the building with the arrows on the keyboard. @ ole o-|@X BOG -|%-\e% DB 30 Projection Settings... Che ShiteF3 ; = @D Axonometry Cee plore Model PB remcre shine DyeiS Ge Figis0 98“This Projects funded bythe Erepean Uren 6 Thre Lesson 3.5) PERSPECTIVE _— To create a perspective view you can enter, as [5)30 Window | @+-\.@ | R | before, "3D Projection Settings" and Click "Perspective Settings" or the — icon ([Pespestive(Shift*F)) Perspective in Fig 192 and then “3D Projection Settings’. Fig 193 In any case you have the screen as in Fig. 193. Gos) From this window you can change the height of the camera, or the height of the viewer, and the target that is the point to display. The distance is the space between the camera and the Target; the azimuth is the angle that is generated between the camera and the Target; the cone of vision is the focal opening of the camera; rotation allows us to rotate the image on the Y axis; Sun altitude and Sun azimuth work as you have seen previously for the axonometry. 9Lyte European sion 4 Tiare 30 Window | Click on OK coming back to the plant; click on the icon “Perspective” and the computer will give you the image. Fig 194 Fig 195, Lesson 3.6) AXONOMETRIC CUTAWAY [SRE ton Document Options —Tearmote Window =e "irene -s-re-« + | fens winiom)| » FE)» -| x Fig 196 To generate an axonometric cutaway you must first open the "3D Window", then opening the axonometric project with “Elements in 3D View" > 3D Cutting Planes a Alternatively, after viewing the ° axonometry, you can directly get the same result with Ctrl + Shift + Y pressed simultaneously. Fig 197 100This opens the "3DCuttingPlanes" window, in the figure, which is divided into four quadrants where you see a front view, a side view and a view of the plant of the Project. Fig 198 FaMotera & Edge Pen of Cte rcs Ure Cement Atwbutes 3 (Beno) & 000 4) 1.0 el ated In the first quadrant you can select the image where you want to generate an axonometric cutaway, drawing a horizontal line with shift + R, as in Fig 199. Fig 199 Fl Material Edge Pen of Cuts @ custom © Use Element attrbutes (et) 9 (3) 98 i) a ise (Delete at cuting Panes | 101Lyte Earopean Union Ea Trae After drawing the line you'll have an eye instead of the usual mouse pointer; click at any point above the drawn line, to generate the cutaway of the image. Fig 200 Fl Material & Edge Pen of Cuts @ Custom © Use Element Attributes 3 (BB rancor oe: Tx ov (yy) 3,57 Click OK and return to the project. Fig 201 Now click on the button "3DCutaway" (s) are ake 4 ave (look it up on the top bar) and it will generate an axonometric cutaway Fig (DGutoay Cute} 194, If you do not find it View> Elements in 3D View> 3D Cutaway 102| ‘yee Eoropean Union Ed Tira Example of an axonometric cutaway: Fig 202 If you want to create different cutaways you need to change the cut line. Repeat the procedure to return to "3D Cutting Planes" and click the "Delete All Cutting Planes"; There is thus a new line (for example, oblique) and you can proceed as above. To return to 3D ENTIRE you need to do the following procedure: from the top of menu bar, open "View" > Elements in 3D View > 3D Cutaway. To change the plaster, both internal and external, you can operate here in 3D. Just select the wall, click with the right button, click Wall Selection Settings and in Model change the color (plaster) of walls. 103Ed Tiare Chapter 4 TWO-STORY BUILDING, MANAGEMENT OF STORIES, STAIRS, FURNISHINGS AND ACCESSORIES: Lesson 4.1) MANAGEMENT OF STORIES After creating the Ground Floor, you can enter other stories, both above and below In this project we want to build a two-story building: so let’s create a story above the ground fioor, or a First Story. It is necessary to set the parameters of stories. From the menu bar at the top, open "Design" and "Story Settings. = ‘Options Teamwork Fig 203 | Design Toot > ®B_Owtine Polygon with Magic Wand Complex Profiles » = Align 30 Texture » BB connect , [E Solid Element Operations... [zi Sevacone ert Elevations Ti worancets oem GBB 2 documents of (This process can be B corer ascrnon shortened by clicking the | | © tmScecies Settings button, located in Oe ett the bar Navigator in Fig bec ives 204) ; with both methods orem ina| you have the window in Figure 205. 104 0G Comaonent ©: Prosect indexes Craving ust Sheet inex a Vow ust Cousts ‘CED inte ones Fig 204 Fig 205 From here you can create or delete the different _ stories, choosing their Elevation and their difference in level (Height to next), or better the height of progressive stories. To create the top story (1. Story) click on the item Insert Above.oes The new story is created: rename it eee ees the ” First Floor” and set eS its Height to Next to 3,00m (for different levels the value of difference in height must always be of 3.00m, since the height of a floor is obtained from 2,70 m of the wall plus 30 cm of the floor). The voice Elevation indicates the height in level of the story (e.g. The ground floor is at a height 0.00 m, while the first floor is at 3.00m, the second at 6.00 m, etc.) Fig 206 After inserting the stories and setting the parameters click OK at the bottom right, to exit the window. If you want to delete a story just select it and click on "Delete Story”. From the Navigator bar , on the right of the screen, you can choose the story to work on, by clicking on the floor concerned. In the bar of the Navigator click twice on item First Floor; The worksheet appears white, because the story has not yet been drawn. 3D Doaments etal BSecmoen| steps: from the menu bar, going on View, activate the Now to design the story of the first floor, follow these trace function. Fig 207 Design Document Options _Te {Navigate 5 On the worksheet is displayed the story of the ground floor in a transparent way, it serves as a guide (Fig 209) to build the first floor right in line with the floor below. On-Screen View Options 2 [SX specie snap Points + [EB] rid splay | aes 105| bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tiare Fig 209 You can start drawing the first floor on transparency starting from the top left corer of the building; draw a wall of 11.60 m Fig 210 Then continue with a wall of 10.00 m as in figure . 204; be sure the construction is always in line with j the plant below. ee Fig 211 106Ed Tart Proceed and complete the plant with the measurements shown in the figure, but watch to the left "open" part, because you will close it with a curved wall. —S Fig 212 440 4,90 3,80 490 Keep selected the command WALL , change the geometry with "Curves Fig 213 Taking always reference to the plant below, locate in the intersection of the wall and click (Figure 214); soon the circle with the guideline appears. Keep the guideline straight and hook to a wall: at this point you will see only the part of the circle you have to draw (Fig 215). 3,80 Fig 214 107rea hated, ca ae A l Fig 215 ~ To close the drawing, hook the 4,90 next wall and click to get the result of fig.216 Fig 216 108You can now draw inside walls. To speed up operations, here is shown the plant listed with all the measures of the inside walls with a thickness of 0.20m. Fig 217 To get the view of the realized single-story, you can eliminate trace from "View" and remove the check mark to "Trace", but now you should still keep it to complete your work, 109bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart Lesson 4.2 Dors Windows Slab To finish the plant enter doors and windows, according to the example in the figure, and the methods seen in the previous lesson. The windows are French GD = ES) windows going outwards. In fact for the double room (at the top right of the plant) you will insert a balcony, while, for the other two windows, insert a flat roof, practicable as coverage. ZEEE, ey te I A) Draw now the balcony of the double > Distance 0,90 . bedroom. Start with a wall thickness of st foge___9050° | 0.40m and a height of 3.00m which in —_——| practice will be continued both in length | (0.90 m) and height of the bearing wall k of the downstairs (it is also known thanks to trace). This will be useful also for the support of the next roof covering. Let’s complete it with the wall on the right: Fig 220 110| bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart Now you can draw a wall to close the balcony, | straight or, as in the example, even curved. To facilitate it, from the toolbar, select the “command line” to create construction lines; proceed to draw a first line between the two walls already drawn and a second one on the tH center line of the first one, perpendicular to this, and 0.90m long. Fig 221 Select the Wall command from the toolbar, by setting height at 0.90m and thickness at 0.10m, and from Default Settings, in Structural -Bearing, select the Geometry Method "Curved - Circumference’ — m?) = (OC OS) je [-— (elatonen | - ROE eS With this activated tool, click on all the three ? points circled in the figure. —— Fig 223 = The construction line of the circumference will appear. Fig 224 mnbythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart Click again, and the wall will be placed; then delete the construction lines and design the floor balcony with the criteria seen in the previous lesson (remember you are on the first floor). To draw the perimeter of the terrace, you have to report all the measures necessary for its construction (Fig 226). Obviously, also in this case you must give a look to the trace, to have a "guide" to arrange the walls. 112Ed Tiare aa 113 Fig 226 First you must enter a Slab - floor between the ground floor and the first floor, otherwise you will have two detached floors. Then select the tool "Slab" from the toolbar and activate the polygonal method. Fig 227See, however, "Slab" in Lesson 3, just to perform the floors and the slab of the terrace, the procedure is identical. Select (only the parts, if you want to diversify the materials) and click on all the vertices of the perimeter concerned. For example in the "Model" of "Slab Default Settings” you can put a parquet in the rooms and tiles in the bathroom, while both in the balcony and the terrace tiles are needed for outside as “fired tiles" (see next section 4.3). Fig 228 560 To get an overview, just to check the work done, open the 3D Window and Axonometry; you should get the result of fig 230. Fig 229 14For Prospectuses or sections of the building, from the toolbar click on Section or Elevation command and draw the lines of the plan or section depending on what you want to achieve. In this case two lines are represented in the figure for prospectus. Fig 231 115 a=bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tiare This is the example of the first prospectus. Fig 232 [E oo LL OU) This is the second one. Fig 233 ‘As you can see a prospectus is "clean": so you can insert the color on the walls and the shadows. Exercising it is recommended to perform also sections. 116bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart Lesson 4.3) Furnishings Once the plan of the first floor is completed, you can furnish it; open from the toolbar the command "Object" and enter all the furnishings (necessary for subsequent interior rendering). In the figure an example of a complete furnishing of the first floor. 7Ed Tart As a result of the arrangement of the first floor, you have to make some small changes on the ground floor. For example, there are now too many rooms; so you should replace one with a study (bottom right). You can also introduce the floors and paint the furniture; in this figure you have a new example of plants furnished. Fig 235 Groundfloor First floor Fig 236 118In the examples, coverage (the Roof) still lacks, it will be the object of next lesson. Meanwhile, here is an example of a complete building. Fig 237 119Ed Tiare As you may have noticed in the above example, it has been inserted a stair to connect floors. Let's see how. To enter a stair, click on the Tool "Stair" in the toolbar. Fig 238 The window “Stair Default Settings" will open. In that screen you can choose the type of stair to use; set the sizes, materials, etc ... In the ArchiCAD 16 Library, click on "Complete Stairs 16" and choose, for example, a Stair U-Shape 16. ree and Pein ag oF Sow a @ ern | mm 9 F i Ee ao Beers sas 8 - @@se C34 120| bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart The first step is to enter the general dimensions of the stair (length, width and height), as shown next. 3,60 Fa 240. Bt 160 Se 3,00 1 The parameters of width and length can be inactive if in the “Parameter> parameter Type" is enabled option "No. Of Risers per run". The "little square with internal X", in Default Settings, at the top right, indicates the insertion point on the plant. Clicking inside the preview, the cursor becomes a curved arrow; click and the stair rotates of 45°, 90° at a time. In "Relative" you may insert, instead, any value of angles. After having entered all parameters, please click on OK, and click on the space of the plant to enter the stair; here is the following figure: Fig 241 121| bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart If the space is too small or large, or if the location is not correct, you can adjust the stair by selecting it and using the commands of the palette to move , enlarge or shrink it, etc., or you can go back and reconfigure the settings. You need now to create a hole to go upstairs; go to the first floor and select the slab concerned. Activate the slab command from the toolbar, then activate the polygonal method and place your cursor at one end of the stairs, as shown in the following figure. With the active command move node by node on the perimeter of the stairs, now go back to the starting point, and when the pencil cursor turns black, click to obtain the result of Fig 243, When the part of the slab is white in color, it means that the emptiness was created. Fig 242 Fig 243 1 = ‘As you can see, for manufacturing requirements, in the part of the first floor, the emptiness of the stair is not complete to allow access to the rooms; in figure 244 you see the result. 122Fig 244 For further check, open 3D: Fig 245 123a) In addition to the types of asa pre-defined stairs, there is YD the possibility to create : See a custom stairs, in order to ae adapt them to every need. ———— 8 wi To create a custom stair a click on "Create Si Fig 246 The window “Stair Type Selection" appears, where there is a wide range of types. Use the first two buttons at the top to choose Create Stair or Create Slope; then click, as an example, on the stair U-Return Winder. Fig 248 124Ea The first thing you notice is the amount of information required in Geometry Settings; so only check the difference in height (3.00 m or 3000mm) and the Tread Settings, practically the ratio Riser + Run. Once defined the measures click on the "padlock" to lock them. Fig 249, Fig 250 As you can see a part of the stair is highlighted in gray and all the steps included are inclined; the white steps are perpendicular to the walking line that is the line that indicates the direction of ascent. You can change the interval of irregular steps with the mouse. Move the cursor within a gray step and click; when the treads become white, interval is reduced and the step assumes a regular trapezoidal shape, as in figure. Fig 2451 Caution. Be sure to define a fanned section without inclined —_ steps, overlapping or intersecting, in that ert hg ae ma fei eon case a warning message appears when attempting to save it. An error occurs if (aa) you do not respect the relationship Riser + Run. Fig 252 Bottom screen, you can click "Check Stair" and then. "Save As.." and enter the name in the editable space. 125wns The new stair is saved in “Embedded Library.” Fig 25: Under “Embedded Library", you can find Linked Libraries; click it and the usual ArchiCAD Library 16, by default, appears. Fig 254 In these types of stairs you can round or_chamfer the corners of the ramps. Move the mouse cursor on one corner of the stair until you see a perpendicular symbol. Click and you have the window "Corner Setting". If you choose “chamfer” and "Fillet" it appears an edit field to enter values. Fig 255 the 7 DS Q\hyu a 2 Biz [ps Gavel a wee : aoe, oa) Ce] i t 126Ed Tiare [Se In this case with “Fillet” the result is obtained in fig. OK to close and see the result both in plan and 3D. 4] Fig 256 Fig 257 a s/o e-em x As you can observe the railing is suspended in the air, it is not attached to the stair. In fact, the realization of a stair is a complex operation. At the left of the window of settings of the stair created “Stair.gsm" several buttons appear, worthy to be discovered. To introduce the railing, create a new stair, that is with ramps of different lengths, more suitable to our plant; this also allows you to gain more experience with these commands. Fig 258 aN] i Choose Single Winder U Return. Check the values given and that they are all locked with a padlock. bee i wae uE In particular, note the difference in level of 3.00 m. and the lift of 0.15 m and the tread of 0,30m, the optimal values, and the lengths of the first and second ramp that are different. eaustel meg Sa Fig 259 127Ed Tiare Go sagy! Fig 260 The second to choose the structure, or the ability to make steps in "cantilever", a nd the type of material for the supporting structure; in this case “concrete”, but you can do the staircase of wood and steel, Fig 261 The third one to choose the protrusion of the step compared to the previous one and to choose the coating of the tread of the step. Fig 262 me Let us now examine the buttons to the left of the screen, in Geometry Settings. The first is the one already seen and that allows you to enter all the data of the stair. 128oes With this window you can choose how to represent the stair plan (20 types), the symbol of the beginning and the end of the step line and attributes for pens (you should always have color black where colored squares or rectangles appear). Fig 263 With this window, finally, you can fix the railing (in wood or metal) and, as in this case, putting the uprights. In Railing Setting click on Simple Surface and choose Post with Panel: Fig 264 A\GWE w 129a bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tart Once you have settled all the settings, you can return to plant, remove the old stair and adjust the new stair in the space you have just created. Fig 265 130This Project is nde is ere Find = You can check the result in 3D,Ea Lesson 4.6) Stair Spiral Let us now examine another important type of stair the” stair spiral” (default), both because it is a very common type of stair, and because it has a different procedure to create a vacuum. Go back to the toolbar, select the command Stair and open Stair Default Settings; from the library "Complete Stairs16", choose "Spiral Stair 16" (Figure 262), set the sizes, materials, various accessories and all the customizations you want. Click on Now you can enter the stair in the plan where you want it. Consider the position of the inside arrow, it indicates the point of arrival. It is clear you can move, rotate, etc. the stair, by the relative paddle. Just select the stair and use the black dots. Fig 270 For exercise you can think to move the entrance in the plant on the ground floor, and to place the spiral staircase as shown, to allow direct access to the terrace. 132Ed Tiare ‘As noted above, you have to pierce the slab; with the navigator bar move to the first floor. Select the slab and activate the tool Slab. Bring the pointer in the middle of the stair (where you have also the guidelines) and click; the cursor changes into the " check sign” in the center, then a black pencil and a white one. Fig 271 Draw a line from the center to the perimeter where the direction of rotation of the stair ends, and click. With the command of the palette, "Are by centerpoint", when activated it forms a circle; from the perimeter back to the center of the stair until the circle is on the perimeter, and click. rigz72 [EOP Sep oa” Fig 273 Rotate with the white pencil of the cursor of the mouse the black line you created for 270° degrees —=—s clockwise. eenees Fig 274 Click on __ the perimeter and_ still click. Only a clove remains green and it is Ea asthe landing; the white Ecos | part indicates the vacuum, practically the ceiling has been removed, Fig 275 Fig 276 133Finally turn the stair until position shown in figure. you get the [fs Fig 277 Ke Remember that in the final plan you must fix a railing because there is the vacuum of the stair. Fig 278 Double click on "Object" and in the dialog default settings, in Library on the left, look for "1.4 Building Structures 16 > Concrete Structures 16" and click on the "Fences and Railing 16". Select the railing, and in "Ri Settings" put the values for its length and height, in this case 1.00 m and 0.90 m. Fig 279 134J Example for entering a railing. View of the staircase in 3D. Fig 282 In "Stair Type Selection" if you choose the stair "Spiral with Newel” you get the following figure: 135Ea Lesson 4.7) ACCESSORIES (Furni: ing) In this section we introduce a method to use, as furniture, particular elements of complement or accessories, such as a vase of flowers on a table or a picture on the wall. Let's start with the first example. Consider some of the living room furnished as in the figure; the green part is a carpet and the white one a ea coffee table. Now we want to put olga a vase of flowers on the table. w Ly fT Double-click on “Object” and in the "Object Default Settings” click on “Decoration 16", in the "1.1 Furnishing 16". In the screen below a list of ornaments (few) appears; click "Vase 1 Fig 285 136Ed Tiare Enter, in Preview and Positioning at_—s "by Current Story", the height of the laying of flower pot which must coincide with the height of the table 0.45 m. Other values are standard and fixed, you can only change the height of the composition (0.60 m). Ok to close. Note that in the screen at right in the figure, the vase is not represented in plan, as before, but in axonometry; I suggest you to try all the buttons to the side to see the other views... Fig 286 Back in the plant and click on the table. If you do not like its position select the vase and with the right key move and still move, you can place it in the center or in a corner of the table. Fig 287 | Some \e 137 Fig 288If the command is not present, I remember you the procedure; from the menu at "Window" click on "Toolbars" and check "Visualization 3D" to bring up the paddle on the worksheet. as-(2.@)> a4 o/5 56 a -4! Fig 289 Too] Click in Axonometry and Orbit to obtain the view in Figure. Even in 3D you can move the object with select > right click > move > move. Fig 290 Fig 291 138Now suppose we want to put a picture on the wall next to the window. You can now work in plant or in Axonometry (as shown in figure) as you can also intervene in 3D. Fig 292 With active "Orbit", you can choose the best view of the wall to insert the picture. Fig 293 foe] Fig 294 Double-click on the command "Object" to open the "Object Default Settings”. As for the vase, choose "Decoration16" and as you can see there is only one picture: Click on the "Picture 16". I remind you that in the second lesson there is a section that allows you to enrich the library with many new furnishings. 139bythe Eoropean Union Ed Tiare In “Preview and Positioning" you must intervene a in (remember that the values can be in mm): - "To Current Story” that is the height on the wall from the plane of the floor: 1:00 m., where you can insert the picture. - Width and Height; if you want to enter a square picture, put 1.20 x 1.20 (1200 x 1200 mm). Eee bis) = Thickness: leave what set in default. Fig 296 Take care at the right of the view, under “Relative”: this angular value is important since it varies depending on the position of the wall. In our case, 180.00 °; Click OK to close. 140Go back in the plant and double-click on the wall; check in axonometry. Fig 297 I remind you that if you select the picture and with the right key > move> move, you can move its location. This is the picture by default, but of course you can add other images also customized; let's see how. First choose a photograph or an image, copy it on the desktop and name it, for example "Photo Edi" as shown: Fig 298 “Photo Edi” = This picture must now be loaded in the library of ArchiCAD. From the “File"> “Libraries and Objects"> Library Manager ... and click. 141Ed Tart Fig 299 D sow cms soem. caiesninas [SISO Wow * Spee . Bete Bo ragesep Cok Sn? Nem One. Pane. Geis? Te pence. cetsnineo be eed See Seection , [soe e — | | Re ceiroree In the window appearing, click on “Archicad Library 16" and "Add ...": i The screen of the desktop appears; find the picture (Photo Edi), double-click. Fig 301 142a In the “Library Manager” click on OK. As you can see under the heading Embedded Library now there is the image named “Photo Edi. JPG”. Now open the window "Object Default Settings", click on "Decoration 16" and "Picture 16" and open "Parameters"; under "Use Custom Picture” click on the square and activate the command. Fig 302 Fig 303 uo a Fig 304 \ i i & = oo —— } aeroaee I On the command line appears the "Custom Picture Name". Click and, in the blank, enter the name of the file; example "Photo Edi". OK to close. Now you can go back to plan or axonometry and click on the wall concerned. Fig 305 143To exercise go positioning another picture, for example the image in figure, on the wall above the sofa. Here it is mot repeated the procedure, but some images as a solution. Fig 307 Repeat the process; at the end of the work you should have this solution. Fig 308 144“he Project inde ty the Europetn Union Ed Tiare You can check in detail both in axonometry or orbiting; You can also change the sofa as shown in figure: Fig 310 145‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tart Chapter 5 Coverings and roof Lesson 5.1 Roof Pavilion type Root Teel @ oraovat @D moh By obrect [4 axe ® men Open the window from which you can change everything about the roof: height from the ground, pitch (slope), _ thickness, material, etc. ... To create a covering or a roof, select Roof from the tool bar. The geometric form of a roof, the surface covering a building, is determined by one or more flat inclined surfaces, said brim. The brims are realized always with the same pitch (slope), starting from ridge lines of the same level. The roof can be of pavilion type, or with as many brims as the sides of the perimeter of the building, or a roof with separate brims. In this lesson we are going to examine the different possibilities for the construction of a roof: a classic covering pavilion type, a roof construction with wooden frame, a roof with separate brims. EXAMPLE 1 - ROOF: PAVILION TYPE Let's start with an example of automatic covering, the procedure that allows you to build the roof directly with the settings of ArchiCAD. Fig 311 usual settings Fig 312 146tye Europetn Union Ed Tart In "Geometry and Positioning" you can set the height of the roof from the ground, or from the floor where you are, that is 2700 mm to Current Story or 5700 to Project Zero. In the second part you can set the width (200 mm) and the slope of the roof (we recommend an angle of 16%). > Bj Geometry and rostonng tn 7 — f= ross Ae * You can’t always modify these values; in this case you need to go to STRUCTURE and "Cut Fill"; enter a fill NOT in the subfolder "Composite Structure" (Ex. wood in Symbol Fills) otherwise, I repeat, the values are not editable. You can draw the roof into two methods: single-plane and multi-plane. @ Bom Gla [Bln o ween lo a Fig314 Select "Geometry Method multi - plane” from the bar information; to draw the coverage click on each corner of the building to cover, closing the polygon, with the same procedure as above for the slabs. Fig 315 Before you enter the settings on the subfolder “Multi-plane Geometry" in the settings; on the right box set at Level 1. The slope of the brim (recommended 16 percent), while in the lower left in the offset, insert a value of 600 or 800 mm for the cornice. 147‘This Project inhndes yee Europetn Union Ed Tiare Fig 316 Note that the curved wall has been cut with a straight segment: we will see the procedure to follow the shape of the wall. After closing the perimeter and coming back to the starting point, click and have the pavilion type roof. SEES Fig 317 148yee Eurpern Union 4 Tiorlt Sight of the covering: Fig 318 In the window 3D Fig 319 149‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tiare You can now also make changes to the shape of the roof, for example to create a curve that follows the wall below. Select the roof, as usual, it turns green: Fig 320 After selecting the roof, go to the concerned area, the one shown in the picture, where you have to select the green continuous line. Fig 321 150Once you select the line, you have the palette; click on the second command. Fig 322 After selecting the command you can make the change to the roof: simply align the created curve to the curved wall: Fig 323 Final result. in plan: Fig 324 151yee Eurpern Union 4 Tiorlt ‘As you can see there are many nodes in the curved element. Remember that if you need more, you can always add them. The concept is important because you will need it in the chapter on the Mesh. You can finally notice, remember that if you haven't yet done it, you need to enter the furnishings. Fig 325 3D sight. Fig 326 152‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tiare Lesson 5.2- Construction of a roof with different inclined planes (pitches). To proceed with this type of roof, select Roof, from the toolbar. In the settings window, choose “Geometry Method Single-plane” and “Construction Method: Rectangular” Fig 327 Fig 328 fe | Fig 329 Open the “settings window’ and set the desired values, | (fess. | such as height positioning, | thickness and percentage of inclination. @ se curen st(D) Now click OK and proceed to “7 a a draw the plane of covering; met = moving the cursor on a wall it will change shape, (a reversed Y), but positioning it on an edge it will change again and will have the shape of a “V". (hj Geometry and positioning one story: Caren (Fest Foe) 153‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tart After selecting the covering, you will have again the plan where you must first choose the location of the brims and, above all, the ridge line where you are going to meet the brims; in this case the central supporting wall. Position the pointer on the center line or on one side of the supporting wall and click once. Fig 330 A line appears (get it straight with SHIFT) and extend it to the opposite side of the building. Click again creating the direction line, the cursor changes into an eye that is the directional control, or changing the slope of the plane depending on the position of that eye above or below the line. So in this case, so that the plane has the slope towards the balcony of the double bedroom, position the eye below the line of direction. To simplify everything, we can say that the eye should be positioned in the opposite side to the inclination of the plane. The cursor now takes the shape of a pencil, click on the start point of the direction line and move to the opposite corner. 154‘This Project inhndes yee Europetn Union Ed Tart Once completed the — perimeter of the first part (the red line in the figure) the brim is ready. So when the cursor will have hooked perfectly the starting edge, click again and the brim will be generated automatically. Fig 331 For the creation of the other plane of coverage, do the same but choosing "Construction Method: Complex Roof": Fig 332 Similarly draw the construction line as above, carefully draw the line coinciding to that already designed. Fig 333 155‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tiare Once created the brims, you can intervene on curved wall, aligning the roof line with that of the curved wall, using the method already explained, or you can simply do a covering like the one in the picture: Fig 334 In the figure there is the cornice, this operation already seen. First select the brim, click on a node, make it straight with SHIFT + R: enter the value to stretch the brim (eg. 0.60 m). Repeat this process on all the nodes of the perimeter; ENTER and the change is made. Fig 335 156“his Project intnde bythe European Union 4 Tiorlt That is the final result: Fig 336 If you enter the 3D, you can have this result. 157tye European Union 4 Tiorlt Select the two brims, click on the black node on the bottom of the roof and through the command on your right, bring the roof at the same height of the side walls. Fig 338 Fig 339 Note that the walls of the building do not join the roof. Back on the plant, select all the walls and in the window Wall Default Settings put up existing measures of at least 2 m just to create the design in the picture: Fig 340 158Now you have to cut all the walls in excess. Select them all and use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + 0, to have the screen in Figura. Leave setting "Crop Element Top", because in this case you have to eliminate the top part to the brim. On the contrary, if you have to remove the side below the covering, you must change the setting with "Crop Element Base”. Click on “Crop and automatically the roof is generated. Fig 341 Fig 342 © Crop Element Top, © Crop Bement Base Crop Element Types: Walls, Columns & Beams Ddeors & Windows Slabs (lubrary Parts [Set Wall/Colume Top to highest Point Note: Original Height Settings will be lost 159 (memes) Gnome)[ ‘This Project inhndes yee Eurpern Union Ed Tiare You can also proceed as follows: select the walls interested, right click> Crop to Single - plane Roof: Fig 343 DB) a seleton Stings Sec 8 Acta Too! X oade Les Conver Salecton to Morph) apni Pref Sleton BB comer 22 Shon etecton/Marqueein3D 6 show tin 30 cues Show Stored Seecion/Marquec in 30 Zoom Section Chili ® one ° Once clicked you will see the screen in Figure 343: then you can proceed in the same way. If you like to undo the cut, even one wall, select it, settings menu, Undo All Crops. + & Hod DP (Decoadoraavorw a’ 0 (Drcarta da para ow a? UL Geemarc 8?) Wal is copped by one or more root. Fig 344 CCuntom Texture defines in he 20 Wi 160yee Eurpern Union 4 Tiorlt There are cases in which if you bring the planes at the same level of the wall, one of the two does not match, as in the case in the figure; you can also perform this operation with the purpose to have separate planes with different slope. Fig 345 Continue as before: the first thing to do is to increase the walls to the left going in the settings walls and increasing the height. Subsequently cut the surplus parts, both right and left, with the window and the process seen in Figures 341-342. Fig 346 161‘This Project inhndes tye Europetn Union Ed Tiare Lesson 5.3 TOOL ROOFMAKER This tool allows you the "Guided roof creation”, practically the creation of a roof with wooden frame. You need first a covering ready. Select all the roof and from the menu Design> Roof Extras> Roofmaker> Roof Wizard, open the settings window. Fig 347 Ugo pe fearon x 18 aerargenth Msc Wer! _|so veiw |@ @ » -| 2 @|> w+ ¢|0 3 (5) 29 story Setings, coer face ee | compres : sgn 30Tetwe , — , 1B stint peor & * ost top , ety coin . e hc Maho aren Dal WE tem ato . Desgn bas © fou Easton Crete tiple ater. TG Crete ip orate tte DF crete swine. TV reste puri, 1 create an eaves putin. WB crete cotarbeame. BR Crestetie beams. BB root Wicar. Click on "Show RoofMaker toolbox" in order to let shortcut keys appear on the worksheet for the creation of the roof. The methods of construction are then two, but in this example we will use "Roof Wizard” where you must manually enter the values of the components of the roof structure. 162‘This Project inhndes tye European Union Ed Tiare Open the configuration dialog tabs. You need to set the sizes of each element of the roof; Click then, in succession, on Rafters, Beams, Purlins, Trimmers, Ridges. You must enter sizes for each item, the Width and Height, and where required, the distance between the elements. It is recommended to leave the default values for the moment: to get the real size, in fact, the roof must be designed in addition to understanding the elements forming the structure of the roof. Yh, eaters BR seams |B Purine | Trrmers |Z ridges Fig 348 Zcrete noes wee mes are: ] ONS remanent soe eo ON verticat ‘semarae Py Onigiemeera [Zsnv one n30 al ill 3 t The material is wood; choose the type, for example, the Pine and click on OK. The construction components are now inserted and the roof is generated automatically. Fig 349 163Fig 352 Select the roof and with a special scoop up the roof until it aligns with the structure created: Fig 353 165Thin Project ainda Ba Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Chapter 6 LE MESH Lesson 6.1 Mesh piana Well, we're going to examine the use of an important tool: MESH. Select the tool MESH in the toolbar and open the Settings window: Fig 354 ~ eometry and Postoning GQ, a | to Cument Story (9) ean | 0,00 eS | tee ser arent ©. Gourd Foot) 4H cutrapen 3 Cut Fil Background Pen 1H Cutine Pen + gy Model MB is.crass een Ss go gp > ay Listing and Labeling > gq) Tageand Categories & Osu iindace Tern) In "Geometry and Positioning" you can choose the thickness of the soil, the type of mesh and where you can place it. 166Ba Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell If you choose to create a flat mesh, you have the same methods of construction of the floor or of the fills: the method Polygonal, Rectangular, Rotated Rectangular or Regular Sloped. As you see in the settings window there are three different types of mesh. After you have designed it in the plan, you can display it in three ways, in the 3D view @ — - Create Superficies In this way the mesh will be represented by a surface without thickness, Fig 356 - Create Skirted Superficies In this way you can give a thickness to the mesh, and you have the edges around it, but the inside part remain empty. Fig 357 = Create Solid Bodies This way you can create a mesh completely “full” , with a precise thickness. Fig 358 167Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Now, enter the mesh in your project. After selecting the command "Mesh", and setting all the parameters in the settings window, choose the method of construction “Create Solid Bodies" and press OK. To get the mesh, draw and extend a rectangle in plan; the process is identical to the construction of a slab. The result is as follows: Fig 359 And 3D view Fig 360 168Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell As you can see in 3D view, the soil overlays the slab because both at the same height. Therefore it is necessary to pierce the mesh, with the method used to pierce the slab for the insertion of a staircase. Back in the plant, select the designed mesh, select the command Mesh in the toolbar and redraws, node by node, the perimeter of the plant; when the polygon is closed, you will see a small window (New Mesh Points) in which you choose "Create Hole” and press Ok. Fig 361 You can also click on the mesh, click on a black node and select the command "Subtract from Polygon" from the palette you see. Add, finally, a floor around the house; the result is the following. Fig 362 Fig 363 169Thin Project ainda bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell Fig 364 Lesson 6.2 APPLICATION: MESH - RETAINING WALL Here's NOW, how to create a mesh with a slope. Draw a Mesh as already seen. Click on a node (as shown): you have a palette in which you choose “Elevate Mesh Point": Fig 365 Fig 366 170Thin Project ainda bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell Automatically the window "Mesh Point Height" appears, in it you can enter, for | ‘example, the value of 5,00 m. Do the same for the other node. to Math Raterence Plane | Apply to Al Fig 367 The ground takes the form as in the figure: Fig 368 As you can see the house is partially underground. You can intervene in various ways. Let's start, for example, excavating the ground, making flat the land where the house is located, constructing a retaining wall on the ground, as assumed in the following figures. First, with the wall command, draw a wall 0.40 to 0.50 m. of thickness, 3.50 to 4.00 m, of height, and enter it in the plant as shown. 171Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Fig 369 Fig 370 Now let's see what are the steps to perform this operation. Back in the plant to give new heights to the mesh. 172Ute European Uson 4 Thora Select the mesh and click anywhere on the perimeter of the mesh (X red bordered); It appears a palette where you can choose “Insert new nod Enter two nodes for each side of the created wall and repeat the same operation for the other edge of the wall. wie os Hes Fig 371 Now click on the top node, as shown, and automatically you have the window "Mesh Point Height” that has already a value that you can leave so. 173Thin Project ainda bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell Repeat it for the right node. Now simply click on the bottom left node and enter the value 0.00 m. Fig 374 Do the same for the bottom right node to get it in 3D, the following figure: Fig 375 Another important application of the MESH is the creation of sloping soils, but with contour lines, because buildings do not arise only on flat ground or with a fixed slope. 174Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Lesson 6.3 Creating a 3D ground by contour lines Let's create a ground § by contour lines. First, * {3 Geometry and Positioning draw, by the tool mesh, es . . " a plot of land of size m. Qa, 400 o-orled 30x50. For convenience, PF so conent San) build a rectangular 00 raare of 1 meter in toPrject2e0(9) |Home Story: ” 0,00 Current (0, Ground Floor) oa Show on Stories Home stery Ory & {ql = cuTsuRFAces arth Ez Fig 376 4 cnrilPen 0.13mm 3p "Show All Ridges" and choose "Show User Defined Ridges". v 48% Floor Pian and Section [SSW uncutune Pen 0.25 mm 3 =~ + SV UnautLines Sold Line — SY Ride Pen 0.201 a ee ‘COVER FILLS: r BV Use Fil of Surface Material r Fig 395 Fig 396 You will have this result in plant, being able to remove the [=~ == ——*+| 185& Thin Project ainda bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell Lesson 6.4 Sistemazione casa nella mesh If you like to have rounded corners, instead of sharp ones, re-open the window of the settings and, in "Model", choose “All Ridges Smooth". All Riiges Sharp User Defines Sharp Now that the ground is molded you can enter the project: going to place it, you can see the effect of the slope, the ground "will enter” inside the house as in the example below: Fig 398 Fig 399 186Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ed Tara Arrange the building in the best location possible: to ease_ move the mesh or, better, up the house, to minimize the changes you need to do. Fig 400 Once you find the right position, you can fix the plot: first back to plan, select the mesh and mesh command from the toolbar to create not only the hole, but also some landmarks. 187Ba Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell The hole created, as seen in the figure, will have many points, but this is due to the slope of the ground. Fig 401 188Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell It is necessary to provide the ground shaping. Fig 402 Fig 403 Its adjustment may take place directly from 3D; raise the first points, or select a point of the ground and by the command elevate, move up hooking the base / platform. Do the same for the other side. 189Thin Project ainda bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell Fig 404 Go on its side and proceed with the same operation: Fig 405 190: a bythe Erepean Urson Ea Thorell You need to do the same operation also on the other side of the building, while as regards the back side of the building, you can provide a retaining wall to obtain a homogeneous course of the ground, as in figure. Fig 406 Fig 407 191Ba Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Lesson 6.5 MESH - Access ramp to the underground floor. We now want to build an underground floor and an access ramp, for example, to a garage. You must first redo the mesh defining well all the points, (it is clear that more will be the points more precise and defined will be the design; and all of these points will be elevated by the command "Elevate Mesh Point”) or you can continue with the example created. First realize an underground floor (precisely a garage, that is, a part of the building to height, for example, -3.00 m below the study); in the dashed area (or continuous, defined with the command line) in the figure, you will perform, at a later time, an access ramp. Fig 408 192& Thin Project ainda Uy in Ere Ue Ea Thorell Select the existing mesh, also select the mesh command from the toolbar, and pierce the mesh. Fig 409 Fig 410 Now, for the realization of the ramp, draw a mesh in the perforated area, to fill the hole. 193iz Tis rjc nde bp te European Union EA There bia Fig 411 Then set the height of -3.00 m on the red squares of the mesh edges. eM & aw Fig 412 You get the result in figure, just the creation of a ramp. 194You can now place the window of the study, to add retaining walls for the ramp, which also act as a bulwark, and a floor to access through the ramp. Fig 414 195es Chapter 7 Beam and Column Lesson 7.1 Beam tool and Column. two tools: Beam and Column. Let's start with the first command. To select “Beam” click on the appropriate icon: you have the classic window "Beam Default Settings". If you want to build a wooden gazebo for your garden, you need =| ‘AlRelevant Stories Projected with O... Entre element Structural Concrete Fig 416 196This Project unde Ea ihe Seneen Later et In Geometry and Positioning You can define all of the beam parameters and the shape it should take; because, as well as the classic rectangular shape of the beam, you can use different profiles. To view them, click on the icon in red, said "profile" Fig 417. Y By Geometry and Positioning =r oa 7 ae 0,10 0 Cument Story() right click> Move> Multiply: Fig 425 Drag CeteD Rotate Clee Mirror Cente, Elevate. curio | Convert Selection to Morphis) : | ah ongac. CtreshitteD | Capture Profile of Selection | ole | ‘S Rotate a Copy Ctrt+ Shift+E Eocene eh Mirrors Copy Ctrl-Shiften f Show Selection/Marqueein3> FS. | gr saaiple Copy 2% Show Allin30 Cues B penne ipiecooy Stow Soret Sceston/Moravesin 2° _ [EST upton eU) fH Cropto Single-plane Roof... Cui+0 Qi Zoomes Selection Curtshitte Deselect lt Multiply screen appears; choose "Drag" and enter the value of 0.40 to "Spacing", click on "Spread" and Ok §308 Sey Fig 426 Tet Home Story by Bevation Cx) 200This Project unde byte European Union 4 Thorlh Back now to the drawing, click on the node of the beam to be multiplied, and as you move to the right you'll have the beams created and automatically placed at the same distance. Fig 427 > Distanza 349 ono" When finished, close the command by clicking with the pointer at the end of the main beam. Fig 428, eh tt SS Sar ar AR Arar ar ar Ararararararararar i Pra he tit tte tot a ad Ee tno oo bb oot ton oe ee ea peggy vg og bg gee gle go noo en I raw oon hoa I tot a tit tot at ooh ot tet hg ito ba tb et bb rridipadititiri de bide tbc doe baba To complete the drawing, you must add another main beam parallel to the first one; select the first beam created, right-click> Move> Mirror a Copy (Fig 429). 201This Project unde byte European Union 4 Thorlh Fig 429 oo ao ae Beam Selection Settings Certo TT Select & Activate Too! " & cut ctstex M" 8 copy cule i @ Paste Ctrev sae i Cee ye ewe Display Order a CertoE a 7 tie cute © Convert Selection to Morph(=) ————— rag a Copy Ctrle Shifts © Rotates Copy —_CtleShiftoE Capture Profile of Selection Connect Show Selection/Marqueein3D FS. ~ @ Drag Mutiple Copy Show allin30 ener bee eee a Show Stored Selection/Marquee in 30 F Mokipty.. out. @ Crop to Single-piane Roof... Ctt+0 }@& Zeomta Selection Cae shifte’ Deselect All The pointer takes the shape of a "v" and moving to the center line of the first beam, the sign indicating the exact middle will appear: TTT tI t HEP ce Click on that point and you will generate the new beam; put it in place by SHIFT and click to close the command: you'll have the following figure. i 1 { w i 4 1 0 202PPP yr ere rig tut bo eit oo 8 8 ot ooo et lo Ph dah tO ot En fin dai bot hot hoo En Von th oo tit oo eo ee PRET TIEEET E I i SSE EEE PEP Finally, to ensure that the structure is completed, place the pillars. From the toolbar, select the Column command. These ones will have 2.30m in height and the size of 0.10 x 0.10 m. Fig 432 Fig 433 203This Project unde byte European Union 4 Thorlh After setting all values, enter in the drawing by clicking the necessary pillars, at least three per row as in the figure. If an error occurs in the location, enlarge the drawing, and place the pillar, by selecting it with the command "move". Fig 434 SL tf on ry yy Tit ¥ wyYTy Hof HowHiW fh of A A A A A WoW Wow Ww eh we Wh ew mW fou ow tw Hib ft to t tlt bob WW ye Hob ov t tit ft bt bt bit wv oh tf ed uo Wo ot tit ot wt ep yi wo wo dog Hoh ow t Hoh oh fh ow hot wow owe Hoh ht t ih bot ow wit fw oh th wd oof@ &@ f@ foo f b &@ @ot fb hm ft 8 ot of fo t Hee ot fw eh Pe fh oe ee WW i i i How ott i i { Hou oo ow i i N Hono M om ow ot Sees Ee SL AL ee ToT aa ae You will get the following result: 204This Project unde by ee European Union 4 Thorlh Lesson 7.2 Making structural plan The project is executed with wooden supporting structure, practically, the walls support the _—_ slab. With acquired tools you can achieve a “structural plan" where the slab is supported by pillars and reinforced concrete or steel beams (of course leaving out the necessary calculations to the actual sizing of the structures). From the toolbar, select the command “ Column” and open the settings window: Fig 436 Fug 437 Fig 438 205This Project unde byte European Union Ee Tara Set the parameters, in particular the height, the shape and the size of the column: Shape Height Size or Dimensions Fig 439 icra © 3 HET 0,24 Et 0.24 Select the square shape, set a height of 5.70 m, to have them full height where there are the two floors, and 2.70 under the terrace; as the size, it depends on how thick is the wall. In this case you have the walls 0.40 m thick, even the pillar size will be 0.40 m or 0.35 m, if coated. Once clicking ok, place the first column. After entering the first one, select it and by move command and Ctrl on the keyboard, create copies of columns. By clicking on each edge, and according to the diagram shown in the figure, enter all the columns. Fig 440 206,This Project unde by ee European Union Ee Tara After entering the pillars you can enter the beams. Click on the BEAM command on the toolbar; It appears the usual settings window, where you can insert the width of the beam, its thickness and its shape: ——— THICKNESS, SHAPE, WIDTH 090 Fig 443 After selecting the thickness of 0.30 m, the square shape and the width of 0.40 m, click ok and combine the columns with beams, up to create the drawing in the figure. 207by ee European Union Ee Tara Fig 444 Once you have done you can repeat all the steps for the second floor by matching perfectly the pillars and beams with the help of the transparency, up to create the drawing in the picture: Fig 445 208byte European Union Ee Tara You can also run and extrapolate the structural plan in the following way. Fig 446 _ From "Edit" select "Find & Select". The following window appears: Fig aa, Fig 449 209This Project unde byte European Union Ee Tara After inserting the beams and the columns in the plan, they automatically appear selected: as the following situation: Fig 450 Now just make a copy of the structure and extrapolate it by the copy command: the same you can do with the ground floor. Fig 451 210This Project unde by ee European Union 4 Thorlh Lesson 7.3 Application: construction of a porch. By beam and column tools you can perform various things. Let us now see another application: the construction of a porch. You want to realize a wooden porch in the living area: so, you will use, as a support base, the small retaining wall created with mesh. Begin with the placement of the beams. From the toolbar open the beam command and set its values: recommended the rectangular shape (in Geometry it is always square) 12 x 16 cm. Fig 452 Fig 453 Curent (0. Ground Foor) + oe {2p Floor Plan and Section || ee meee Floor Pian Display Projected with 0... a STRUCTURE O ate Structural Concrete Ea > a Modet > fla Hole i and La > @5 Tags and Categories & Omari) (excen) 2u1byte European Union Ee Tara Back in plan, positioning the beam as in figure. Fig 454 If you open the 3D view, you can see that the beam is straight: you must give it the slope to be able, later, to support the brim of coverage. Fig 455 212by ee European Union Ee Tara Open "Beam Default Settings" and Geometry and Positioning, at Horizontal or Inclined voice enter the value (recommended 10 °). Fig 456 ‘AlRelevant stores Projected wth... Entre Sement ‘Stuckral Concrete ‘As we intend to make a porch, the cover must be inclined and thus the beam too. Select the beam and set a negative slope; just put a minus sign "-" in front of the inclination value. Fig 457 feast CretO.Gordfn) >| o[B) 2% 213byte European Union 4 Thorlh Fig 458 Now you can add other beams with the same parameters as before. Fig 459 Fig 460 214byte European Union 4 Thorlh Now let’s create columns. In Geometry and Positioning, and in Column Default Settings, choose the shape of the column and enter its values. In our case click on square shape with dimensions of 12 x 12 cm. at least, or as you did with beams, of 12 x 16 cm. Fig 461 Home Story: Current (0. Ground Floor) Fig 462 215byte European Union 4 Thorlh Back in the plan and with a click place columns as in the figure. Fig 463 You can also add other columns, smaller or of circular shape or inclined, as in the last two examples. Fig 464 216byte European Union 4 Thorlh As final step you have to enter the cover brim. For the brim, set a height of 3.00 m, sizes as shown in figure, remembering to give the same inclination given to the beams. Home Story: Current (0. Ground Foor) > Multi-plane Geometry YE Floor Plan and Section AlRelevant Stories Projected with O... Entre Element Concrete Block So you can draw the brim. 217This Project unde byte European Union 4 Thorlh Fig 467 In the plant In3D 218E Ed Tare Once finished, you can proceed with the construction of the porch on the other side; the procedure and the method are always the same. It can happen that between the junction of the two brims, it can be a mistake as in figure. This is given by the fact that the long brim is narrower than the other, so they have the same inclination but don’t join. Fig 469 To correct it, select that brim directly from 3D, take the node as illustrated in figure and with the command "Change Roof Pitch" drag the node to the desired location: (Change Roof Pitch Fig 470 219a Tare Fig 472 E9=a ° alain 220bye 4 Thorlh Proceed to a last step to fix everything, changing the angle of the brim beams, changing the previous value, in Geometry and Positioning, with what appears automatically and shown in the figure. YG; Geometriae Posizonamento rats: Bp oe fs == 7 on ‘2 Piano conente(9) sal 301 0,00 220 41 Progste(9) — Jl [ooo Fano omit: Corrente (0.PIANOTERRA) vy | a(S] You can see that it was also inserted a column at the intersection of the brims. Fig 474 221a Tare ‘Acomplete view of the operation. Fig 475 Fig 476 On this page you can see another example of the porch, combined with the wooden color of the house and the roof type pavillion. Fig 477 222This Project unde byte European Union Ee Tara Lesson 7.4 Construction of a gazebo on the terrace. Always with the same tools and with the same method you can also build a wooden gazebo for a practicable roof. Select the command beam and in the t settings window, default beam enter the measurements as shown: iter tn tings + Gj Comey onirntanng =) & ex sl fat wn! fee wo sonesere (coven) 4 Ble > im Poor ad Sect 2 Note > ip tle > 2 ung ond abet > ee Togeand cater SB wees ney Fig 477 Now draw the beam (in segments) along the entire perimeter of the wall facing the terrace up to create what is shown in the figure: Fig 478 223Draw then the two side beams parallel to the walls just to the point where the round wall starts. Fig 479 we Merge finally the two beams as shown in the figure: Now select the two beams highlighted in green and make the changes you have in the settings window, in particular the slope of - 4.00 ° (to give then, the sloping to the roof beams and to the structure itself). Bes sec x | | (+ gy emeey tres } Fig 481 Fig 482 224byte European Union Ee Tara Let’s now introduce the columns, select the column command (round) and enter the measurements shown in Figure. | hj ceometry nd rostonng Fig 483 Fig 484 225This Project unde by ee European Union 4 Thorlh Now consider only the selected beams in green. You must lower them to a certain level so that the top half is inclined; to do that, put the same measures shown in the figure. You can also check it in 3D. If you don't like it, you can make attempts to give a different slope as you better like. iF Now select the 3 columns on the bottom and change the height, with the same measures written in the settings window: Fig 487 226by ee European Union Ee Tara Select, finally, the column at the top and in the settings window set 2.70 m in height. Open the 3D window to check if your result corresponds to what is shown in the figure: Fig 488 Build now the coverage of the structure. Begin selecting beam and entering the data shown in figure: 1 Bibear Selection Settings > x a ea —<——s } ae o aa Fig 4890 227Once entring measures, you can draw a beam as shown: Fig 490 Now draw parallel beams, with shorter dimensions and after attempts: play a bit with the paddle to shorten or lengthen the beams, until you get the result in the figure. Fig 491 After creating the coverage, change the beam in the figure (green), giving it a movement that reflects the curved wall in front of it, as in Figure 494. Fig 492 228Click on the center of the selected beam, it appears . where you can select the first command "INSERT NEW NODE"; Once selected, you can move the beam, up to create the example below: Fig 494 Finally go on 3D: Fig 495 229“This Project ia fanded Capitolo 8 RENDERING Lesson 8.1 The Lights Lightworks (Internal Rendering). Lamp Tool 0% Spine * Hotspot (aa) Faure B® comers Fig 499 The aim of this chapter is to see how to perform the rendering or the "picture" of the executed projects. We begin with the internal renderings. It is ‘necessary, to start, to include in the project three lamps, using the tool "Lamp": "WindowLight, Sky Object and ‘Sun Object". Clicking the icon twice, you have the classic window “Lamp Default Settings". You can choose the three lamps within the folder htworks 16", which is in the "ArchiCAD Library 16". + Preven ad ting ID) mates oo renee ie el tor eerie 2 abe t(D | etme Gavi. eniFee) > + jj menor Be re 231“This Project ia fanded Ba bythe European Union at Tore In "Lightworks 16", you find icons of three types of different lights: - Window Light 16 - Sky Object 16 - Sun Object 16 Now let's see, first, the object Window Light; we will see the other two objects later in order to make a broader and complete lesson about lights. - Window Light This lamp must be used in conjunction with windows or openings and, as you can see in the picture, it simulates the behavior of the sunlight coming from ‘outside; so you must place it inside of the frame. Wingowtigne 1¢ Fig 500 rf Selecting the icon and ok, you have the light element to be positioned; in the particular beside, the magnification of inserting of "Window Light". Enter, therefore, the light element adjacent to all windows, as shown in Figure 502. It is important to remember to set the sizes of the object, so if the 3 window has a base of 1.20 m and a height 1.50 m, 4. ak you have to report these same sizes to "Window | \ Light". It is also important that the lighting color must be white in "Light Intensity" parameter. Fig 501 Fig 502 232“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore It’s important to remember that: - The arrow appearing in plan indicates the direction of light and its intensity, which can be increased by clicking on hotspot on the top of the arrow. - The Settings Window allows you to set light intensity, shadows and light resolution. - The "Light Resolution" parameter can be set with values ranging from 0 to 5; the more you increase this value, the better is the result. - The option "Cast Shadows" enables or disables the shadows created by the light of the window. - The "Shadow is soft" option improves the definition of boundaries, producing softer and more realistic shadows. - The "Shadow Quality" parameter provides to define the quality and details of shadows. - The "Rotation Angle" allows you to tilt the object Light Window - The "Set Sun Position Manually" option allows you to enter the Azimuth and Elevation of the sun independently for the current object. Then enter the “light elements" adjacent to the windows and open the 3D views, "Perspective Settings", setting the visual cone of, for example, 75 °. Fig 503 Roll Angle 9% 00" Sun Altitude & ie 25.00" 233“This Project ia fanded Ba bythe European Union at Tore Open the 3D window to see the light element inserted (note the reflections in the window and in the door). Fig 504 Now open the window "Photo Rendering Settings", and set the parameters as shown in the window frame in the figure. Fig 505 keep Proportions of 30 Won Sete 0 window) = PA Uanewore tmecte vn sane ss Turn off the "Sun" =< — sources and “Ambient”, and set the value of " Camera "at 80%. : 2Eel. To see the full effect, open the rendering (clicking on the camera). Renderings, depending on the power of computers, take time for the realization of the image. Fig 506 In the example of Fig 507 rendering of the kitchen. Fig 507 235“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Lesson 8.2 External renderings. After fixing and compiled the 3D model, of the building and external, you can begin to create the Photo Rendering. Boe arian | # Lb AA ae eee Fig 508 )@ ) @» © t First, go to "3D Projection Settings" to fix some | parameters. It appears the same window of the previous view, where you can set the position of the sun and the parameters of the point of view: cameaz Tegel ois eo] Distane Azimuth nee 4 ae View Cone Raltangle HE e500 Be 0.00 < Sunahiude SunAimuth x z Me 2500" Oe 2000" On the left side, you can see a small preview of the project plant, where there are the sun and the position of the point of view (with the visual angle representation). Using the cursor you can move manually both the position of the sun, and the position of the viewpoint. On the right side , however, you have a number of parameters that allows you to set the values of the sun and the point of view through numeric values. All values can vary according to your needs, except the one concerning the "ViewCone" which you ought to leave on the 55°, otherwise you get a view too crushed, Clicking on "More Sun" you can set the parameters concerning the light and the sun automatically (choosing date and time of the day, the location and the altitude of the sun will change accordingly). The following window appears: 236“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Fig 510 Mey <0] 2 Elmo Elm © ( Posttocation, (7) +1 hr Daylight Savings ate @ ce You can also set the view of the 3D model in order to control variations and solutions directly in real time. Set now the project with the best possible view, for, once chosen all parameters and the external solutions of the building and of the site, you can follow the steps to create the photo or rendering. Fig 511 237Now you can work on the lighting parameters, taking the two basic items that we talked about at the beginning "Sun Object” and "Object Sky", because they are the two objects to "light up" really the rendering. To include them, as usual, go on the "Lamp" in the toolbar. The following window appears: Fig 512 * (ebm) 2 Prenew an ostonng (my scueare wha as ape ae EP ‘oPjecze0(9) | Rene 6) 0 Bee Homestay Curent (0. Gund Fe) Go to “Lightworks 16" and enter into the worksheet, next to the map to any position, the “Sun Object" and the "Sky Object". 238“This Project ia fanded Ba iy tic Coen nen at Tere Let's start with the Sun Object. As with all objects, you can change the settings in the "Parameters" folder. gets + Gy vorameters Light tay ee - a eter. [— Number of Light Sources 0 - Dvanion Angle 200" cs Shadove on Difterent Sunsal/Sunrise Color on Set Sun Position Manually on D 20 Representation 239You can vary the Number of Light Sources (1 to 20), the Diversion Angle (with a zero value, the light beams are parallel to the shadows), and the Cast Shadows, which can be either active or inactive. You can also set by Different Sunset / Sunrise Color red, green and blue colours, and finally, by "Set Sun Position Manually" you can vary the azimuth and altitude of the sun. In the "Lamp Default Settings" select, finally, the "Sky Obje Fig 515, =, Maa a [pieiedinay ig Unted branes Brcsciouey 16 Bice trary ssi cereal Soces 15 Biivwor tans is isvecttoee 5 Bbw mec Ease One let Bbpmots Bitrate Bomars - @ Gas ea Suncoast 18 wingontan 6 and open "Parameters" folder. io _eeoaas [spp sromes te en ape" |2 ae ie ae sae Cent (0. ond Feat) coe 240“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Fig 516 ’ a Parameters fae Light Intensity a —t os Latitude Resolution 3 Longitude Resolution © Cast Shadows On Shadow Is Soft on Shadow Quality 2 > 2D Representation To start, click on the color folder and change the color to white. In "Sky Object Type” you can choose between "Quick Method” and “Realistic Method". In Quick Method choose Latitude Resolution and Longitude Resolution and to activate or not the shadows wiyh their quality. The Realistic method works in the same way, but you have to choose the Number of Samples; the higher will be, the greater the calculation time, but the quality will be much better. Fig 517 YG Parameters &) Light Intensity: ; Number of Samples D 2D Representation | 241“This Project ia fanded by ene European Union at Tore Before generating a rendering you must set Documenting Tools Bs avi Ms a all parameters: so go to je Mark-Up Tools Document> Creative 6 chet log » -|r ele Imaging> Photo : Rendering Settings. Decrement Beto + SetMede! view . Fig 518 a , Set Renovation Fiter » Pen Sets . BS Partial Structure Display... Floor len Cut Pane. SSE Floor Pen cle. 30 Document , (iy SemViewend Phorbninjout AR |ed Renin Drawings , B Pubic. Or you can click on the first icon in the top bar: |B PratoRendering Settings. 1D PhotoRender Projection BS create By-Through.. Ba |e ae ps Fig 519 4 Align View... This window appears, and you can set Effects, Background, Brightness, etc. The main difference is in the choice of used Rendering Engine . Tikeep Proportions of 30 Window 7 JA Usphtworks Effects 242Ba bythe European Union at Tore ES It is now necessary to spend a few words about "Engine" used by ArchiCAD. All the "Creative Imaging" proposed in this chapter may be realized by the methods hitherto listed: axonometry, perspective and 3D (as Fig. 511). However different types of realization and visualization, can be done with the "Rendering", technically known as "photo-rendering or Image Model." The photo-rendering capabilities of ArchiCAD allow you to create realistic images of the model, as if it is photographed in the present state of the project and therefore allow you many more possibilities than those offered by the views created in the 3D Window. The various types of images of Photo rendering you can create, depend on the type of "Rendering Engine" you use. The main available engines are: - Internal Rendering Engine; - Lightworks render 9 engine; - Sketch; You can choose them from menu "Document > Creative Imaging> Photo Rendering Settings. Subsequently, on the settings made, to create an image with rendering, you must choose the command "Decument> Creative Imaging> Photo Render Projection". Now open the "PhotoRendering Settings" window, examining briefly the characteristics and the differences of the various Motors. The windows for dialog of all the motors, "Effects", "Background", “Brightness”, already have controls for Reflection, Transparency, Shadow casting, Colours, etc., we discussed earlier; the difference is the use of its available engines. - Internal Rendering Engine: This motor is mainly used for rendering with shaded surfaces, simple shadows and transparencies. - LightWorks Rendering Engine. This engine is the most sophisticated of the three, because it creates professional rendered images of the highest quality; - Sketch. As the name says, this engine does not produce renderings of realistic photos, but real "sketch" with a design effect as when you work with a pencil. Among the effects, in fact, in line style you have Pen & Ink, Felttip, Marker, Graphite, Pen and Aqua, etc. In "Sketch style" folder, there are files with predefined styles, you may try to use, as Pastells. Remember that once the work is completed with "Sketch" you have to see the result in Document> Creative Imaging> PhotoRender Projection " 243“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Working with "Lightworks”. In the usual window “Photo Rendering Settings” choose "Lightworks rendering Fig 521 (OHard @ By lamp settings Shadow Resolution [W)By lamp settings Override: [Plshow Essential Only Ffcoiour 244“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore To generate a rendering by Lightworks engine it takes a long time. To remedy it, you can disable the option Reflection in Lightworks Effects and set to Off the Antialiasing (Figure 521). In Lightworks Environment you can set the parameters related to the sun, which can be realistic or not, and choose what to see in the foreground. If you choose “None” the image will be normal, without any effect, but you can also enter the fog and even snow. Fig 522 Fig 523 If you wish to generate an external rendering you can choose some colors ssvanimss: 8 cies or an image to the background to ee sate make a more realistic image. In the "Background" folder you have the opportunity to choose between Colors and Picture; setting Colors, ale choose the color for the sky by clicking on "Sky Color": the palette automatically appears and you can choose the color for the sky. You can eee Simm perform the same procedure to assign on a color to the ground, Fig 524 If you click on Picture, you have a real picture to the rendering of the background. You can now choose in folders "Load Image from Library". Click on ArchiCAD Library 16, click on the Background Images 16, click on Photos 2048x1536 16, and finally click on Sky doudy1 photo.jpg. Foto 525 Foto 526 245Of course through the list you can choose the "pictures" of the sky more suited to rendering and design situation. Scy_torm2 photo 9 {33 So aunsett photosps — Ti) + Gece) (ection) Fig 528 If you want to change the background you can return to the window and click ®oanimee: Olas Change Picture; the window of the fig Ore em oe 524 comes back, there you can choose the new image... fests 2 i Mapai: 30% Fig 529 te pres (Esters mae wim motel ang apna SowPeven — @ Inge The most interesting thing, really, is that you can import, upload and also insert your Photos by clicking Load Other Picture. By clicking on “from File Dialog Box" you can choose the image from your desktop (as you did inserting paintings on the wall). 246,“This Project is funded & was. £4 Tash Now you have set all the parameters for rendering. But remember to switch off in "Light sources" items Sun and Ambient, since you entered the sun and the sky objects in the worksheet. Fig 530 oa Light sources Shedow Resolution ‘aettahasing sun 90 |% — HiBylamp settings © ambient (90 |% = Overide: Fastest Set Vicamera a Flor Lames on Mee (cet model data during rendering process > JR Uahtworks Environment You can now launch the rendering with "Photo Render Projection" or click on the icon of the camera. You can notice that the chosen positions are equal, but it changes the position of the sun and consequently the ™* CrsteE)-Through.. shadows; then pay attention to all the parameters and Wi CnseSnsisj. possible solutions offered by the settings window (Fig 532 / #4 aignview 533) FB PhoteRendering Setings (@PhotoBender Projection Fig 531, Fig 532 247Fig 533 Fig 534 248Lesson 8.3 Materials If you want to change [Options] Tesmwork Window Help SB Layer Settings (Model Views)... Cte, materials in the render you can change the settings: then go to Options> ElementAttributes > Materials: Fig 535 Here is The window "Material Settings", where you can change the parameters regarding material: its color, its way of reflecting light, __its roughness, etc. Element Snap Al Suitace Soap Auto Intersection + Magic Wand Settings. Impor Standard Stee Profile. B Add-On Manage. Project Preferences Werk Environment 249 2 Line Types. | & Biltypes.. © Composites... Pens & Colors (Mode! Views) b | B Zone Categories. 3F MarkUp Styles. , B Profile Manager... Ni Renovation Override Styte. BB Operation Profiles WE attribute Manager ..Select the "Surf-White” material and set the following parameters: - In "Reflectance" window you decide how the material should behave according to the exposure to light. - In the "Displacement" window you set the roughness or smoothness of the material. Fig 537 250ane In the fpllowing renderings you can observe the different color of the exterior walls, the different perimeter wall, the arrangement of the terrain. As an exercise you can try the various solutions can offer you the topics discussed in this chapter. Fig 538 251“This Project ia fanded iy tic Coen nen at Tere Based on the project carried out in the above figures, we can now see the process to simulate a render as if it was night, the characteristics to change the sky or to "turn on" the internal or external lamps in the garden and in the road. As you have already seen, in window menu “Document > Creative Imaging > PhotoRendering Settings”, open the window of settings and click on Background”. Click on symbol “chain” (near the frame Sky color, coming of uniform color), to unite the settings. Fig 540 Click on “Sky Color” to have the colour window: Fig 541 Torah (120) Rone 186 Surana: 200 Vee: 255 bre eta tae lumnoatis 272 Bu: 255, Jon 2 coopera 252“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Choose the color “black” and click on OK. For night renderings you must do this in order to have a_ better definition for the insertion of the sky. You can proceed, now, as already seen. Click on the "Background Image" and "Picture" to bring up the library where you can choose the background, For example in “ArchiCAD Library 16" click on "Background Images 16", click on "Photo1024 x 768 16", click on "Photo starry sky" (or "Sky sunset 3 photo", as in the figure), and finally OK. Fig 542 Fig 543 Load Other Pctre... » Sy dest photo po s0-coudrs proto po Sky _stars_photo.Jog Sey stom shot bo Ei Sey stom’ photopo Sty pect hotoba ‘Sky sunset2_photo.09 SE ‘Sky sunsets photo.b3 ‘Sky_treest_phote.sp9 Sky_trees2_photep9 vy Load Other Picture... (Duibraries (Bachcaubrary 16 Gina] Background images 16 @) (i Aoha Paper Textures 16, {Spe 10254758 16 (Spe 640x280 16 Remember, you can always use the "Change Image" button. You must now enter the lights. Click, in the command bar on the left, on "More" and then on "Lamp". Fig 544 253 iy vated 1G comer-vion 2 me 3 Radda Dien. && boale Dimers. Po Spine Hotspot [ag] Fowe BS comera“This Project ia fanded iy tic Coen nen at Tere It appears the settings window. In ArchiCAD Library 16> Interior Lamps 16, you can choose the interior lamps, while in Street Lamps 16 you can choose both the lamps for the garden and the exterior ones for the road. To exercise you have both the settings of all types of lamps and their positioning. Fig 545 254In figure two night renderings, one with street lamps off and one with the lights on. Fig 547Lesson 8.4 Rendering Sketch With this method you can get views with various levels of detail, with or without fills, highly technical or more “artistic' To realize a sketch rendering proceed as for a normal rendering. So open the Document> Creative Imaging> Photo Rendering Settings: [Bazar] Options Tearmwon Window Help Documenting Tools © Mark-up Toots Spellchecker > Document Eras Set Model View > Layers , #5 Pani! Structure Disp. F Foor Plan Cut Plane. Floor Plan Scale 20 Document » Schedules and its I PhotoBende Projection Project 2B create Ey-Tmovgh Layout Book » MEE create Sun Study. ha SaveView and Placeon Layout ARFT | ac sign Vien Fig 549 Drawings | T B Psa | It appears in the settings window. In the Engine directory you need to set "Sketch", as shown, and in Size |) Sa: ++ 5 = 00 Faes~~—Resohiton: © 100 chi Be peo Mt oF nett nn __ veasesettinns Basic Settings Sketch ste: Line calor: Fig 550 Custom ~ ‘custom = ee © conan sama stings 11 Tech Pencl * Orintine ye 256“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Turn now to "Basic Settings” where in Sketch style you can find predefined styles, while in Line style you can choose various options: Set as "11_Tech_Pencil” and the line color as "Custom". In the "Enhancements" folders you can do some real improvements to the design and, opening all other settings, you can define the thickness of lines, fills and even modify shadows. The Background folder works as already seen for the external rendering. Click OK and start the rendering. + 900 [ikeep Proportions of 30 window Basic settings Basic Settings Sketch ste: Custom Line style: 11 Tech Pencl [U) Show 20 Vectorial Hatching ¥ Enhancements, Custom © Curent element settings Asin Line style [| Show Vectorial Sun Shadows [use beaigound slpha channel > Sketch Line Settings > Hatch Line Settings > Shadow Line Settings > Background > Partial Rendering Fig 551 You can get different " sketch rendering” according to the parameters you go to change, so you can do more tests. In the figures two views are proposed, but with the same technique. 257“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union Lesson 8.5 Camera From the toolbar click on "Camera Tool " to open the "Camera Settings” window. Click on New to create a path; with Rename and Delete keys you can obviously rename or delete the path cr created. With the active tool you can place cameras in the plant. It appears an elastic line which serves to give the position and direction of the camera; in the plant you can enter how many cameras you want and they will be connected by a line that will be the actual path you will later see. Cone Saings = Ld Camera: | Waithere: 0 frames cnn = 1 170 4,70 as ae Siz = ca aa = oe 4 Path. J Yeo (7 259“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore Now re-open again “Camera Settings" and click on Path in the lower left and you will have the next window, Path Options : Fig 557 260“This Project ia fanded bythe European Union at Tore In this window you can change the name of the path you created, check the animation and choose the type of path in the "Motion Controls In the "Motion Resolution" you can set the number of frames between a camera and the other following in "Inbetween frames". In "Display Options" choose what to see in the drawing, so if you wish to see only the camera, only the path, both or nothing. Returning to the "Camera Settings" you can set the parameters for each camera, inserted into the project by selecting them one by one. For each of these you can stop the path for a specific number of images in "Wait here .... frames ". weinee etme | Fic ass In the area below you can set the height of the camera, the aiming point and other as seen in the settings of the 3D projection. Now you can create a series of images or animation by opening in the window “Document,” “creative representations” and then "Create Fly-Through". The following screen appears. Fig 559 Source! @ DWindow (Qudine Movie Fle PhotoRendering Window Color Pre-set Parallel Projections [ii (@ Perspectives ftom Camera Path: "WO: Untied Path” mage Compression eyes or Ditherng © With inbetween Frames Frame rat: @ AtFrames Frenesfon to [D)Rebuild Mode! for Each Frame Cosy ney resu coieed ooo Seopa dl =] In the area “ Source” choose the origin of the animation that can be 3D Window, Photorendering Window, choose if you want to use Pre-Set Parallel Projections, etc. Finally, by clicking on the Show button you have a preview, or you can click Save to store the work that will be saved in the "QuickTime format. This method produces a fast and very simple movie, but the topic is used to introduce a very important program for the realization of the video: the Lumion. 261“Thi Project nde Ite Eoropean Uoion 4 Tiara CAPITOLO 9 DA ARCHICAD A LUMION This software allows you the creation of videos projected by ArchiCAD. Once set up a complete project, through ArchiCAD software, you can transfer it to Lumion software to make a video. Let's see the steps. Click on "File" and "Save As.” (But remember to save a 3d file and to. transport it on Lumion, you must be in the 3D window). LUMION Fig 560 Fig 561 After clicking on "Save As" the screen shown opens and you can enter the file name (LUMION COURSE) and in the second box (Save as) the file format, that is 3D Studio File. Click on "Save". Fig 562 (ero 262This Preece inded tthe European rion Tiara When you click on "Save" you have a . Selva aD come cnoetio sosudis MEM new screen "Save 3D as object 3D nmi eit dome Studio" where you set the scale value. cet mex teh) Broce ses Select " Types element-Materials” and sa in Drawing Units put "1000 mm"; click on "ok". After a brief loading the file will become a 3ds file and you can open it ts deca E_E: now by Lumion. You can then save the project, and exit ArchiCAD == Fig 564 Now you're ready to open Lumion. Double click on the "Lumion 4.5.1" and the program will open. Lumion is a software distributed by Autodesk and it is very heavy; Therefore, to process images and videos it asks quite high requirements. For a good performance it is necessary: * IntelCore i7 Processor + Filing with SSD * Graphics card Nvidia Gforce 730 with minimum 2GB. The figure below represents the initial screen of Lumion where you can choose the environment in which to place the building depending on the context; clicking on the chosen image you will open the environment. In this case you choose the first image; be sure to stay on the number "2" box for a new project. Clicking on the box "4" is possible, however, to reopen the already completed projects and in archives. Fig 565 263wee ic The image below is, however, the main interface of Lumion 4.5 software. Through the various boxes placed left and right you can change the sky and the sun, the soil, import new objects or new buildings, insert other objects belonging to Lumion, such as plants, trees, cars, interior, lights, sounds and people. In addition to each of the four boxes located to the left, the box on the lower left will change with new indications. On the right you can find the work field where you can edit, add materials, change the soil and sun, the box that allows the execution of the rendering, the box that allows the video plays, the command to save. Fig 566 Now you can proceed and import the project in Lumion. Fig 567 264oe Fs Follow These 4 steps: Click on the "1" and the bottom opens a screen That Allows you to open the icon "2" Which opens a new icon where you can choose the type of 3dstudio files through the "3" icon and then, finally, choose the file with the icon "4" "Course Lumion" for example. After performing These steps click on open and Lumion Appears in the picture screen where you enter a name (of course lumion); Click on the sign V". Fig 568 After clicking the checkmark positions the house by clicking anywhere on the ground Once you positioned the house it will Appear as shown below. Now you need to edit the materials according to the library that Lumion has available. i= 265oe z It must first specify the minimum controls needed to display the entire building. Fig 570 * "Arrow up" the view will move — forward * "Down Arrow" moves the view _ behind * "Right arrow" the view moves to the right * "Left arrow" the view moves to the left * With the mouse button "SX" we can select the various objects by clicking on the ball under each of them and rotate them, raise them, zoom in, out, move them or delete them. * With the "Right" button and hold it down we can turn our sight * With the "ROTELLINA" We can perform the same movement forward or backward, and that can perform with "arrow up" and "down arrow” Fig 571 To edit you edit all of the building materials click on the "bucket" and later on casa Remember that left materials equal in precedence over ArchiCAD will look the same ‘on Lumion. Fig 572 266“Thi Project nde Ite Eoropean Uoion 4 Tiara It aprein down a strip with a "+" where we're going to add all materials: Fig 573 5 By clicking on "+", and later on the part of the house to be changed, such as the balcony, it opens the following screen: vi wl: [ulelelwlelers LJ Mos ae oF Fig 574 This screen is one of the most important of Lumion program because it allows us to modify the materials and make them real in order to create a more interesting rendering. As we can see there are many pages to choose materials such as marble, brick, masonry, wood, parquet etc ... For our balcony you can take a brick that, in this case, it was dwarfed by the command "scale." Now you can change the glass of the windows by clicking again on the "+" button that lets you add a new material. 267You can continue to edit the ‘building changing, if you feel like, all of the wall materials, windows, roof and floor. Repeats again the same step: click on "+" then on the affected part (eg “the wall") and change the material according to the types provided by the program. Final example in the figure: Fig 576 268£4 Tar Now you can proceed to improve the external environment to ensure that rendering are as real as possible. Therefore it begins by placing a bit ‘of trees at will by contouring the building. ‘es ‘ Fig 577 Click on the "1" then choose the icon "2" if you want to add a tree, an internal element, a person, a car etc ... In our case, choose a tree and click on the "3" to open the screen in the figure: Fig 578 The image represents the screen of choice of plants to which the software has. At the top we have the boxes where they are given the various types while in the various folders have multiple varieties of plants. EC NECN Me fol] el ele] DUDE tlalsle lee Ho CHE rset eae enFe cs After choosing the plant click on it and go to place it in the lot. If you want to change the plants repeat the passage again. Once the plants included in the lot will have a result like this: Fig 579 Fig 580 270Click on the "1" which is located in the left of the screen pop; clicking on this icon at the bottom you will have the icon "2" that allows you to change the position of the sun, the icon "3" that allows you to change the height of the sun, the "4" icon that allows you to change the intensity the sun and the clouds and the "5" icon that allows you to choose the type of clouds. Once defined the types of clouds and the sun's position can change the adjacent land. Therefore always in the dropdown click on the "1" located on the left, then on the "2" and then on the icon "3" appear and you'll see that the mountains behind the building, Fig 581 27aa Fs ae at Once you arranged the soil can decorate with people and the ‘environment objects to make it more real, by adopting the same method of insertion of the plants. In the drop down on the left click on the "1" (the one to choose the objects) and depending ‘on what you choose to place the icon "2" if you want to add machines, the "3" icon if you want to add objects and on ' icon "4" if you want to add people. Fig 582 Click on the "5" and it opens the following screen where you can choose the person, the car or the desired object. Fig 583 Character Library 2ma ae roe (Remember that if you wanted to drawing, you need to click on the we will have a result like this: te the object or person when inserted into the ). After entering persons, cars and decorations Fig 584 Now you can proceed with the creation rendering and video. Fig 585 « 273This Preece inded tthe European rion 4 Tiara First we click on the "1" located in the bottom drop down to the right and you will get the following screen: fig 586 In this screen you can choose the type of format in which to save the image; Obviously the larger the larger format will be the duration of the rendering. Once you have decided on the format in which to save the rendering click on it and it will open the following screen where you can save in 4 with a name (" COURSE OF LUMIO: RENDERING) rendering, and then click "save." conn Fig 587 Bvt 274After the rendering by clicking on the "1" of the next picture you can go to the labor camp to make changes or make the construction of a new rendering. Fig Sas Once the rendering can proceed with the creation of the video. Once back in the main work screen you can click on the "2", which opens a window where you'll create the video. Fig 589 The window that opens is the one side where you can select the "record" button that gives you the opportunity to take several pictures around our filmed and the program later, automatically, mount the video. Fig 590 275,Tiara After clicking on "record" opens the following page where, for each view, you click on “take a photo". ead ¥ 10} Fig 591 Now run a few pictures around the building until you get the following result, a series of views from around the perimeter of the building: Fig 592 276This Preece inded tthe European rion Tiara " in the lower right: Fig 593 It opens another window, which is the previously edited video. Click on the "play" in the picture to get the video. Fig 594 27‘ish 4, ae roe ro Once the video you just have to save it: Click on “Save Movie" on the bottom right of the screen and choose the video format. By clicking on "Save fo Movie" will open a window with the settings that we will leave the default. Fig 595 Click on "Save movie export" and opens another window where you can set the video name ("OF COURSE LUMION VIDEO"); as a format you can give MP4 "files". CoS Fig 596 ro 278Ite Eoropean Uoion 4 Tiara After giving a name to the video click on "save" and the installation of the video will start by itself. It must be clear that the better the photos around our object of recovery, so the higher the quality of the video we're going to set the default settings and more, finally, will be the duration of the installation. 279This Proc unded ty te European Union » £4 Thrall Appendix In the last meeting in Lanciano Italy , 15 to 21 May 2016, it took place the ArchiCAD Games . Based on an assigned topic , the students of partner schools were to draw up a complete project , articulated in the days provided for in the meeting calendar, to demonstrate the knowledge, skills and competences acquired in the two years of the Erasmus + project. Students and teachers Portugal Teachers Isabel Maria Marques de Almeida Lopes FaelMaria Leonor Borges Santos LoboSulamita Raquel Vicente Lopes Students Ana Rita Prata Goncalves Margarida Alexandre Tavares Inés Lopes Mendes Cruz ‘Ana Beatriz Calado Antunes Mariana Oliveira Matos Simao Pedro Real Pereira Sofia Carolina Ramos Dias Daniel Santos Duarte Mariana Marques Gil Spi Teachers Antonio Pérez Vazquez Emilio Antonio Barrio Veron Consolacién Pedrera Salguero Students José Castillejo Redondo Alvaro Aumesquet Garcia Jestis Hidalgo Fernandez Borja Bermudo Vifiuales Ana Muftoz Palacios Maite Recio Gil Alejandra Celeste Ruiz Diaz Laura Vanessa Diaz Gutiérrez Marta Ruiz Millan“This Project funded ty eh European Union Li 4 Tart Lad Romania Teachers Savulescu Luminita, Stoica Niculina, ‘Sandu -Macovel_ Razvan ‘Students: Toma George-Catalin, Paun Denisa-Gabriela, Marinescu Adina-Nicoleta, Ghetu Andreea-Georgiana, Chera Robinson-Constantin, Gutu Marius, Brezeanu Cristina-onela, Dragan Radu-Valentin, Mandica Constantin-Alexandru Teachers Edi Tinarelli Sabina Di Florio Maria Carmela Inglese Students. Erika Carbone Arianna Di Camillo Turkey Teachers Hatice —Uyar, Armagan Arslan, Fatih Urhan. Students Rimeysa _Yilan, Umma Ay, Irem Nur Kocamanoglu. Utkan Talha Celik, Dogukan engin, Ergin Karakus, Berzan —_Iideniz, Baris Dogan, Hiseyin — Akturk Antonio Cicchini Andrea Troilo Andrea Marrone Alessia Tucci Noemi De Liberato Erica Di Carlo Miriana di Biase“This Projece inde yeh European Union a Tiare The participating students had no knowledge of the software or the design in general coming from institutions with completely different fields of study ; the aim was to provide them with an alternative means for their future . These are the results of the projects awarded in ArchiCAD Games during the last meeting . ROMANIA Paun Denisa-Gabriela Fig 598 Fig 599 Fig 600 Fig 601, 281Thin Projects onde by the Etropeen Union 4 Tore ROMANIA Chera Robinson-Constantin Fig 603 Fig 604Fig 606 ~ Feat tRa ad SP ign a | eeFig 609 Fig 610 Fig 611‘This Project is funded re ee = SPAIN Jests Hidalgo Fernandez lan Lil 7 A Fig 613 Fig 614 285In these pages , finally, it is proposed accomplishments , especially rendering , as other pupils . PORTUGAL: Margarida Alexandre Tavares e Daniel Santos Duarte Fig615 e Fig 616 286SPAIN: José Castillejo Redondo e Ana Mufioz PalaciosEA Thora . TURKEY: Ergiin Karakus e Berzan Ildeniz Fig619 @ Fig 620 288TURKEY: Dogukan Sengiin e Riimeysa Yilan Fig 621 e Fig 622 289INDEX Designing through images Operative guide for Archicad - Presentation pag 3 Introduction pag 4 Presentation of the Project pag 5 Chapter 1 Lesson 1.1 Starting the program pag 13 Lesson 1.2 The Tool Wall pag 21 Lesson 1.3 Door pag 35 Lesson 1.4 Windows pag 41 Chapter 2 Furniture, Fill, Dimension, Text, Print Lesson 2.1 Interior pag 43 Lesson 2.2 Fill pag 55 Lesson 2.3 Dimension pag 62 Lesson 2.4 Text pag 65 Lesson 2.5 Print pag 68 Lesson 2.6 Extra Furniture pag 70 Chapter 3 Slab and Floor, Section, Elevation, Axonometry, Perspective. Lesson 3.1 Slab and Floor pag 75 Lesson 3.2 Section pag 80 Lesson 3.3 Elevation (prospectuses) pag 84 Lesson 3.4 Axonometry 3D pag 96 Lesson 3.5 Perspective pag 99 Lesson 3.6 Axonometric Cutaway pag 100 Chapter 4 Two-Story Building, Management of Stories, Stairs, Furnishings and Accessories Lesson 4.1 Management of Stories pag 104 Lesson 4.2 Doors Windows Slab pag 110 Lesson 4.3 Furnishings pag 117 Lesson 4.4 The stairs pag 120 Lesson 4.5 Create Stair pag 124 Lesson 4.6 Stair Spiral pag 132 Lesson 4.7 Accessories (Furnishing) pag 136Chapter 5 Coverings and roof Lesson 5.1 Roof Pavilion type Lesson 5.2 Construction of a roof with different inclined planes Lesson 5.3 Tool Roofmaker Chapter 6 Mesh Lesson 6.1 Plain Mesh Lesson 6.2 Application: Mesh - Retaining W Lesson 6.3 Creating a 3D ground by contour lines Lesson 6.4 Placing the building in the plot of Lesson 6.5 Mesh - Access ramp to the underground floor. Chapter 7 Beam and Column Lesson 7.1 Beam tool and Column Lesson 7.2 Making structural plan Lesson 7.3 Application: construction of a porch Lesson 7.4 Construction of a gazebo on the terrace. Chapter 8 The rendering Lesson 8.1 The Lights Lightworks (Internal Rendering) Lesson 8.2 External renderings Lesson 8.3 Materials Lesson 8.4 Sketch Rendering Lesson 8.5 Camera Chapter 9 Lumion Operating guide to “Lumion” program Appendix - Processed the partners student of the project Erasmus + pag 146 pag 153 pag 162 pag 166 pag 170 pag 175 pag 187 pag 192 pag 196 pag 205 pag 211 pag 223 pag 231 pag 236 pag 249 pag 256 pag 259 pag 262 pag 280“ Designing through images ” E.Tinarelli G.Sorge L.Marcucci El Erasmus+