SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering - (ICRTECITA-2017) - Special Issue - March 2017
SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING
ARDUINO
S.G.Manoj Guru 1, P.Naveen2,R.Vinodh Raja3, V.SrirengaNachiyar*
1,2,3
– Students of ECE/Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam
*
-Assistant Professor/ Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam
ABSTRACT
India is an agricultural country,
wherein about 70% of the population
depends on agriculture. Farmers
have wide range of diversity to select
suitable fruits and vegetables crops.
However, the cultivation of these
crops for optimum yield and quality
produce is highly technical. It can be
improved by the aid of technological
support. The management of
irrigation can be improved using
automatic watering system. A system
that will help a farmer to know his
field status in his home or he may be
residing in any part of the world. It
proposes an automatic irrigation
system for the agricultural lands.
Currently the automation is one of
the important roles in the human life.
It not only provides comfort but also
reduce energy, efficiency and time
saving. Now the industries are use
automation and control machine
which is high in cost and not suitable
for using in a farm field. So here it
also designs a smart irrigation
technology in low cost which is
usable by Indian farmers. The aim of
the project is to detect the moisture
content in sand to control the water
motor automatically. With the help
of sensor, the moisture level of sand
is sensed and with respect to that
irrigation can be done. The actual
irrigation is done through Arduino
by its sensed value of a soil.
Keywords: automatic, efficiency, energy,
time saving
ISSN : 2348 – 8549 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
I.INTRODUCTION
Embedded Systems:
Embedded systems are computer systems
that are part of larger systems and they
perform some of the requirements of these
systems. Some examples of such systems
are auto mobile control systems; industrial
processes control systems, mobile phones,
or small sensor controllers. Embedded
systems cover a large range of computer
systems from ultra small computer-based
devices to large systems monitoring and
controlling complex processes. The
overwhelming number of computer systems
belongs to embedded systems: 99% of all
computing units belong to embedded
systems today.
Most of such embedded systems are also
characterized as real time systems, which
mean that the real-time properties such as
response time, worse case execution time,
etc., are important design concerns. These
systems usually must meet stringent
specifications for safety, reliability,
availability and other attributes of
dependability. Due to small size and
requirements for mobility, but also
extremely low production costs these
systems require small and controlled
resource consumption, and have limited
hardware capacity. The increased
complexity of embedded real-time systems
leads to increasing demands with respect to
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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering - (ICRTECITA-2017) - Special Issue - March 2017
requirements engineering, high-level design,
early error detection, productivity,
integration, verification and maintenance,
which increases the importance of an
efficient management of life-cycle
properties such as maintainability,
portability, and adaptability.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Numerous researchers have worked with
automatic water sprinkling or irrigation
system. They opted for different metrics for
determining the soil condition and quantity
of water. They also discussed about different
sources of power for the sensors. Besides,
the technology for creating network among
the sensors and design of control system
were also heavily discussed by the scholars.
An article on the automated water supply
system for urban residential areas showed
that such a system can be used to effectively
manage water resource [1].
This paper design a model of automatic
irrigation system which is based on
microcontroller and solar power was used
only for source of power supply. Various
sensor are placed in paddy field. Sensors
sense water level continuously and give the
information to farmer through cellular
phone. Farmer controls the motor using
cellular phone without going in paddy field.
If the water level reaches at danger level,
automatically motor will be off without
conformation of farmer. [2]
The aim of this paper is to modernizing
agriculture technology by programming
components and built the necessary
component for the system. The system is
real time based and extracts the exact
condition of paddy field. There is one
central node used which to control other
node. The main function of RF module is to
pass the message to the node and operate the
system. [3]
ISSN : 2348 – 8549 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
The paper discussed about different
technologies that can be used in the
implementation of the system. In this paper,
a similar system is discussed that will
distribute water to trees or agricultural land.
An irrigation system using a wireless sensor
network and GPRS was implemented [4].
An automated irrigation system was
developed to optimize water use for
agricultural crops. The system has a
distributed wireless network of soil-moisture
and temperature sensors placed in the root
zone of the plants. In addition, a gateway
unit handles sensor information, triggers
actuators, and transmits data to a web
application. An algorithm was developed
with threshold values of temperature and
soil moisture that was programmed into a
microcontroller-based gateway to control
water quantity [5].
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The pesticide dosage reduction is
addressed by means of an innovative
combination of the wireless sensor system.
The proposed solution introduces the
estimation of the spatial distribution of the
optimal dosage. The attention to the
environmental sustainability of agriculture
and to the reduction of pesticide use for
organic cultivation is rapidly increasing.
However, the efficiency constraints of the
mass production require the minimization of
yield losses due to infections. New disease
control strategies are required to find the
best trade-off between economic and
environmental aspects.
A small prototype as shown in fig 1
is designed which consist of some plants
connected to a multi sensor. Multi sensor is
a combination of temperature sensor,
humidity sensor, motion sensor, light sensor,
vibrating sensor and UV sensor.
An analytical device which functions
to analyze a sample for the presence of a
specific compound is known as sensor. The
moisture and pH value detected by the multi
sensor is taken by interfacing arduino which
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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering - (ICRTECITA-2017) - Special Issue - March 2017

is passed to the farmers mobile using GSM.

GSM (Global System for Mobile
communication) is a digital mobile
telephony system that is widely used in all
parts of the world. GSM uses a variation of
time division multiple access (TDMA) and
is the most widely used of the three digital
wireless telephony technologies (TDMA,
GSM, and CDMA).By detecting the level of
pesticide we can consequently reduce its
dosage.

Figure 2: Block diagram of proposed work

GSM

ARDUINO
Soil Moisture Sensor - The Soil Moisture
(Coordinator Node) Sensor (SMS) is
Soil Moisture
Sensor
Wi Fi a sensor connected to an irrigation
pH Sensor system controller that measures soil
moisture content in the active root
zone before each scheduled irrigation event
Figure 1: System Architecture
and bypasses the cycle if moisture is above a
IV. PROPOSED WORK user defined set point.
Arduino - An open source platform which
The block diagram of the proposed system consists of both a physical programming
as shown in Fig.2 consists of sensing unit circuit board (Micro controller) and a piece
such as Soil Moisture Sensor to measure of software (Integrated development
water content of soil. Environment).
GSM/GPRS module - Used to establish
communication between a computer and
a GSM/GPRS system.
Relay - Switches that open and close
circuits electronically and
eelectromagnetically. Control one electrical
circuit by opening and closing contacts in
another circuit.
Solenoid valve - An electromechanical
device used for controlling liquid or gas
flow. Controlled by electric current, which
is run through a coil. When the coil is
energized, a magnetic field is created,
causing a plunger inside the coil to
move.

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 SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering - (ICRTECITA-2017) - Special Issue - March 2017

V. REFERENCES

[1] N.B. Bhawarkar, D.P. Pande, R.S. Sonone,

Mohd. Aaquib , P.A. Pandit, and P. D. Patil,
“Literature Review for Automated Water
Supply with Monitoring the Performance
System”, International Journal of Current
Engineering and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 5,
Oct 2014.
[2] Jia Uddin, S.M. Taslim Reza, Qader Newaz,
Jamal Uddin, Touhidul Islam, and Jong-
Myon Kim,“Automated Irrigation System
Using Solar Power” ©2012 IEEE

[3] Rane, et al .,"Review Paper Based On

Automatic Irrigation System Based
on RF Module" , 2014
[4] Suraj S.Avatade, Prof.S. P. Dhanure,
“Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor
Network and GPRS”, International Journal
of Advanced Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering, Vol.4, Issue 5,
May 2015.

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