Koya University

Faulty of Engineering
Chemical Engineering department

Thermodynamics
GAY LUSSAC LAW
Cooling part.
Supervised by :
Mr: Ribwar .K .Abdullrahman
Prepared by:

1-shakahan abubakir

2-zuber Mustafa

3- havar Nawzid

4-Shakawan Omer

5-Omer Samiel

6-Abdullah jamal

7-Abdullah Najmaddin Tahir group / B

EXP. Date: 16/ 1/2017

Date of Submit: 23 /1/2017

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Table of content:
NO Subject Page
1 Aim of experiment 3
2 Abstract: 4

3 Introduction: 5

4 BACKGROUND THEORY: 6
5 Procedure 8
6 EQUIPMENT & 9
COMPONENTS USED
7 Discussion: 10

8 Refrence: 11

2
Aim of experiment:
The aim of this experiment is to determine the relationship
between pressure and temperature at constant volume of an
ideal gas.

3
Abstract:
(Overview)

Gay-Lussac's 1801 experiments establishing the law of

volumes for gases are brilliantly simple, and he described
them with a level of detail that was new to physics
writing. But he did not present his actual measurements
or tell us how he analyzed them to conclude that between
0 to 100 °C, a volume of any gas will expand by about
37.5%. We review his experiments and conclude that he
measured initial and final volumes at slightly different
pressures.
By using the gas laws and his apparatus diagrams, we
corrected his data so that they correspond to constant
pressure. His corrected results give ΔV/V=36.6%, the
currently accepted value for nearly ideal gases. Aside
from their intrinsic interest, our analyses can provide
students intriguing applications of the gas laws and
Pascal's law and motivate them to consider Pascal's
paradox.
We also note the influence of ballooning and of the
French Revolution on Gay-Lussac.

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 Introduction:

When you have a can of soda or beer, and you heat it too
much by leaving it in your car or out in the sunlight for too
long a period of time, you may find an unpleasant surprise
when you return to fetch it, as people have found

out here and here. The amount of liquid in the can hasn't
grown. Instead, the carbon dioxide inside has been agitated
thermally, thus increasing the pressure, and you then have
to deal with the messy results of container bursting due to
this increase in kinetic energy. Inconvenient incidences of
pressurized containers exploding when they are heated may
be explained by the Law of Gay-Lussac.

Gay-Lussac's Law is the third and final of the laws leading

up to the ideal gas law. The first is Boyle's Law, which
gives the relationship between volume and pressure, and
the second is Charles' Law, which gives the relationship
between volume and temperature. Gay-Lussac's Law has
also been referred to as Charles' Law, but they are not the
same.

5
BACKGROUND THEORY:
Gay-Lussac law is also commonly known
as Charles’s law.
The law explains about the relationship between pressure
and temperature of gases. The law was established in the
early19th
century by Jacques Charles and Joseph Louis Gay-
Lussac who did a study on the effect of temperature on
the volume of a sample of gas subjected to constant
pressure (Atkins,2002). Charles did the original work,
which was then verified by Gay-Lussac (grc.nasa.gov).
However, in this lab practical, we are dealing with an
alternative version of Charles’s
law instead. The volume is kept constant in change for
pressure instead as the objective of the experiment is to
determine the relationship between pressure and
temperature of ideal gas. The expression is as shown:

p = constant x T (at constant volume)

This version of law also indicates that the pressure of gas
falls to zero as the temperature is reduced to zero
(Atkins, 2002).
Thus it can be seen that gas pressure and the temperature
are directly proportional tone another.

When the pressure increases, the temperature also

increases, and vice versa.
P ∝T
P = constant T
P/T = constant
P1/T1= P2/T2
P1T2= P2T1
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 The equations above apply in the gas of dealing with the
relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas

Mathematical/Graphical relationship between pressure of a

fixed mass of gas with temperature at a constant volume
is linear. The volume is constant.

7
Procedure :

A-Cooling part.

1.switch off heated

2.open air discharge valve on the lid of the heatable
cylinder and set the vessel to ambient pressure.
3.close air discharge valve again.
4. start data acquisition program and make the
corresponding settings.
5.leave the vessel to cool to ambient temperature .
6. open graph of measured values and interpret.
7.open air discharge valve on the lid of the cylinder and
set the vessel to ambient pressure .
8.switch off unit at master switch.

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EQUIPMENT & COMPONENTS USED:

(1) Tank 1 for isothermal change of state,

(2) Digital displays,
(3) 5/2-way valve for switching between
compression and expansion,
(4) Heating controller,
(5) Digital display,
(6) Tank 2 for isochoric change of state

(7) Red switch to on and off the machine

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Discussion:
Gay-Lussac Law
Gay-Lussac law is also commonly known as Charles’s law.
The law explains about the relationship between pressure and
temperature of gases. The law was established in the early19th
century by Jacques Charles and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac who did a study
on the effect of temperature on the volume of a sample of gas subjected
to constant pressure (Atkins,2002). Charles did the original work, which
was then verified by Gay-Lussac (grc.nasa.gov).

-However in this lab practical, we are dealing with an alternative version

of Charles’s law instead. The volume is kept constant in change for
pressure instead as the objective of the experiment is to determine the
relationship between pressure and temperature of ideal gas.

-When a gas is heated, the average speed and the average kinetic energy
of its molecules are increased.
If the container has a constant volume, the molecules will strike the
sides of the container with greater frequency creating a greater force on
the walls of the container which results in an increase in the pressure in
the container.

pressure versus Temperature

65
63 1.02, 63.3

61 1.04, 60.8
Temperature

1, 60.5
59
57
0.98, 56.3
55
53
0.97, 52.3
51
0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05
Pressure

A graph show how the pressure of a fixed mass of gas (air)varies as the
temperature is changed.
- Abdullah Najmaddin Tahir
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Refrence:
1- http://scitation.aip.org/content/aapt/journal/ajp/79/1/10.1119/1.3485034
2-http://www.brighthubengineering.com/hvac/26213-gay-lussacs-law/#imgn_0

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