Another one of the jewels in the crown of Indian Science, Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri was a

leading Indian physicist renowned for his research in general relativity and cosmology. His most
significant contribution is the eponymous Raychaudhuri equation, which demonstrates that
singularities that arise inevitably in general relativity and is a fundamental result describing the
motion of nearby bits of matter. It offers a simple and general validation of our intuitive expectation
that gravitation should be a universal attractive force between any two bits of mass-energy in
general relativity, as it is in Newton's theory of gravitation.

It is also a key ingredient in the proofs of the Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems.

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