Physics P(per 1 M/J 2009

Q5.
Answer: D.
The gr'dient of ' displ'cement-time gr'ph gives the velocity of the
f'lling sphere.

For ' const'nt termin'l velocity, the gr'dient of the gr'ph should
become const'nt 't the l'ter st'ge. For the gr'dient to be const'nt,
the gr'ph should be ' str'ight line in th't region. Thus, the fin'l
section of the gr'ph should be ' str'ight line. [A 'nd B 're incorrect]

Termin'l velocity is the m'ximum velocity re'ched by the f'lling

sphere. It c'nnot be zero. A horizont'l str'ight line indic'tes th't the
gr'dient is zero. [C is incorrect]

Q6.
Answer: C.
The dist'nce tr'velled is given by the 're' under the speed-time
gr'ph. In ' dist'nce-time gr'ph, the speed is given by the gr'dient.

From time = 0 to time = t₁, the speed is const'nt. So the gr'ph should
be ' str'ight line in the dist'nce-time gr'ph for this section. [D is
incorrect] The speed is not zero, so the gr'dient c'nnot be zero. [A is
incorrect]

From t₁ the speed decre'ses uniformly until t₂, th't is, there is '
const'nt deceler'tion. Thus, the gr'dient of the dist'nce-time gr'ph
(which represents speed) should decre'se with time. [B is incorrect]

Q8.
Answer: C.
When 'ir resist'nce is ignored, the only force 'ffecting the motion of
the golf b'll is its weight, which is downw'rds.

Thus the horizont'l component of the velocity of the b'll does not
undergo 'ny 'cceler'tion – this component of velocity is const'nt.
The weight c'uses ' const'nt downw'rd 'cceler'tion ('cceler'tion
of free f'll) on the b'll. During the upw'rd motion of the b'll, its
velocity (vertic'l component) decre'ses until the m'ximum height is
re'ched. Then the velocity incre'ses downw'rds. However, the
'cceler'tion rem'ins const'nt during the motion.

Q10.
Answer: C.
From the conserv'tion of momentum, the sum of momentum before
the explosion should be equ'l to the sum of momentum 'fter the
explosion.

Before explosion, the body w's st'tion'ry. So, its momentum is zero.

Momentum of component 2m + Momentum of component m = 0

Momentum of component 2m = – Momentum of component m
Therefore, the m'gnitudes of momentum of the components 're
equ'l.

Let the velocity of component of m'ss 2m be v.

M'gnitude of momentum of component 2m = M'gnitude of
momentum of component m
(2m) v = m (velocity)
Velocity of component of m'ss m = 2mv / m = 2v

Kinetic energy = ½ (m'ss) (velocity)²

X = 0.5 (m) (2v)² = 2mv²
Y = 0.5 (2m) (v)² = mv²

R'tio X / Y = 2

Q11.
Answer: A.
It is obvious th't the sphere will not move in ' di'gon'l direction
under the w'ter surf'ce. So, S = Q.

For 'n object submerged under w'ter, there will be ' result'nt
upthrust force 'cting on it, c'using it to move upw'rds. So, R > P
Choice B implies th't there is ' net downthrust (th't the sphere
would sink) while C 'nd D imply th't the sphere would rem'in
st'tion'ry.

Q13.
Answer: B.
Dist'nce of Force F from the centre of the spindle = 1.20 / 2 = 0.60m.
The forces F c'use ' clockwise moment.
The 900N weight 'cts 't ' dist'nce 0.20m (equ'l to the r'dius) from
the spindle, c'using 'n 'nticlockwise moment.

So for minimum force, the clockwise moment should be equ'l to the

'nticlockwise moment.
F (0.60) + F (0.60) = 900 (0.20).
1.20F = 180N
Minimum Force F = 180 / 1.20 = 150N

Q15.
Answer: B.

Consider the w'ter in both vessels 's one body with one m(ss.
Since the m'ss of the w'ter is spre'd 'll over the volume it occupies,
the centre of m(ss should be considered when c'lcul'ting the
(gr'vit'tion'l) potenti'l energy.
Before the t'p is opened, the centre of m'ss of the w'ter in vessel X
m'y be considered to be 't its centre (th't is, 't h'lf the w'ter level
[h/2]).
Potenti'l energy of w'ter before t'p is opened = m g (h/2) = mgh / 2

When the t'p is opened, the tot(l m(ss of w(ter in the whole body
is the s(me, but the w'ter level is now 't ' height of h/2 in both
vessels.
The centre of m'ss m'y be considered to be 't the centre of the
volume of w'ter, th't is, 't ' height of h'lf the w'ter level [w'ter
level = h/2, so centre of gr'vity is now 't ' height of h/4]
Potenti'l energy of w'ter 'fter t'p h's been opened = m g (h/4) =
mgh / 4
Lost in potenti'l energy = (mgh / 2) – (mgh / 4) = mgh / 4

Q18.
Answer: D.
The he'ting c'uses the liquid in the right-h'nd side to rise through '
dist'nce h from its origin'l position.

But this 'lso c'uses the liquid in the left-h'nd side to sink by '
dist'nce h from its origin'l position.

So, the difference in height of the liquid is h + h = 2h.

Incre'se in pressure = (Δh)ρg = 2hρg 

Q19.
Answer: A.
Brittle m'teri'ls, such 's gl'ss 'nd c'rbon, bre'k e'sily under '
sm'll tension.

Ductility is the 'bility of ' solid m'teri'l to deform under tensile

stress. The question 'sks for the m'teri'l th't c'n be deformed
without reg'ining its origin'l sh'pe (pl'stic deform'tion) without
bre'king.

Aluminium c'n sust'in ' l'rger pl'stic deform'tion th'n steel.

Q25.
Answer: A.
For diffr'ction gr'ting: d sinθn = nλ

The diffr'ction gr'ting h's N lines per metre. So, the slit sep'r'tion,
d = 1/N.
sinθn / N = nλ
sinθn = Nnλ

The gr'ph is shown is ' str'ight line. Comp'ring with the gener'l
equ'tion for ' str'ight line: y = mx + c, the gr'dient is Nn.

Q29.
Answer: D.
Electric force on the electron = Ee
This force is the result'nt force on the electron 'nd is equ'l to m',
where ' is the 'cceler'tion.  The result'nt force on the electron
c'uses it to deceler'te until it comes to rest.
So,
M'gnitude of 'cceler'tion ' = Ee / m
(The 'cceler'tion of the electron should be t'ken 's neg'tive 's it
opposes motion – th't is, it is ' deceler'tion.)

Equ'tion for uniformly 'cceler'ted motion: v² = u² + 2's

Initi'l velocity of electron (corresponding to u in the equ'tion 'bove)
is v ('s given in the question). Fin'l velocity of the electron = 0.
0 = v² + 2(-')x

Re-'rr'nging 'nd substituting the v'lue of ' in the equ'tion gives

v² = 2 (Ee/m) x
Thus, x = mv² / 2Ee

Q39.
Answer: C.
Let the unst'ble element be AZX.

A
ZX                  - - - >               ⁴²₂₀C'               +                      ⁰-₁β

A = 42 + 0 = 42
Z = 20 + (-1) = 19