© Car seymanns Vag Gmbh Lntenburgr Strate 449, -S0190 Kein AD 2000-Merkblatt Ics 23,020.30 May 2006 edition rectangular tubes ‘AD 2000-Merkbiatt BS! ‘The AD 2000-Merkbltter are prepared by the seven associations listed below who together form the “Arbeitegemeinschat Druck: bohaitr® (AD). The etruture ond the appitostion of the AB 2000 Code and! the prosodural guidelines are covered by AD 2000 Mare batt. ‘The AD 2000-Merkblattar contain safety requirements to be met under namal operating conditions. If above-normal loadings are to be expected during the operation of the pressure vessel, this shal be takan info account by meating special requrements. ‘rere are any avergences rom ine raqurements oF ts AL 2UUY-nYorkDa, sna 86 POSSIO To PrOVE tax Me StanaAKT OF sare OF this Code has been maintained by other means, eg. by materials testing, tasts, stress analysis, operating experience. Fachverband Dampfiesset, Behilter- und Rohreitungsbau eV. FBR), Dassedort Heayptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften .V, Sankt Augustin Verband der Chemischen Indust. V. (VCI, Frankturtibain Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbau e.V. (VDMA), Fachgemeinschatt Verfahrenstechnische Maschinen und Apparate, FrankturtMain G8 PowerTech eV, Essen Verband dor Tectnischen Uberwachungs-Vorene 2. (VaTOM), Borin ‘The above associations continously update the AD 2000-Merkblatter in ine with technical progress, Please address any proposals for (ons fo re pubis Verband der Technischen Uberwachungs-Vereine e.V., Friedrichstrafe 136, 10117 Berlin Contents 0 Foreword 1 Scope 2 Calculation quantities and units 9 General 0 Foreword The AD 2000 Code can be applied to satisfy the basic safety requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive, principally for the conformity assessment in accordance with modules "G" and *B + F° The AD 2000 Code is structured along the lines of a self- containedt coneant Itather technical niles are ised in accordance with the state of the art to solve related prob- lems, it is assumed that the overall concept has. been taken into account. Tire AD 2000 Curie watt Le used a> appnupiate for ute ‘modules of the Pressure Equipment Directive or for differ- tent sectors of the law. Responsibility for testing is as specified in the provisions of the relevant sector of the law. 4 Required wall thicknesses 5 Calculation against mainly static loading due to internal pressure 6 Minimum pormittod wall thioknoce 7 Literature without rows of holes. The design rules epply principally {o ductile materials (6s > 14 96). They can also be used for loss ductile materials it account is taken ofthe lower duc- tity by having a highor safety faotor and a wall thilenoco 30 mm. 1.2 The design rules take into account only loadings caused by internal pressure. Any considerable additional loads and moments shall be taken into account sepa- rately. In this case, the manufacturer indicates the magni- tude of the loads and moments and provides evidence 1 Scope 1.1 The following design rules apply to the design of 2 Calculation quantities ana units plain rectangular tubes and sectional headers with and See AD 2000-Merkblatt 8 0. Table + appli in adcition. ‘AD 7000-Meibater ave polacted by Copyright. The righ of use, pricy of any Wana, reproduction, exact of foes, arson by Brotomecnameal meats a Seago da reteva Syma, even asa re rasan fo her Ct Pyne ena akon a eso be measures o esr to sctrcy of tis Yasin bu eyes that no responsibly can be acceptd for any er. cmiston or maccray. ses of 6 0 Bp, th atest eto of ho Game Wot oy eal.AD 2000-Merkblatt Table 1. Calculation quantities with symbols and units Symbol Calculation quantity Unit b half inside width of the rectangular. = mm tube parle tothe wall to be calculated des diameter of the openings or inside mm diameter of the branches e distance of the opening under mm consideration or of tn9 row of openings from the centre line of the side to be calculated , half inside width of the rectanoular mm tube perpendicular to the wal to be calculated " Inside corner radius, mm Se ‘wall tuckness of ine rectangular tube mm with weakening point and no allowances t ccontre-to-centre distance of adjacent — mm ‘openings in tha aval dewetion 6 ccentre-to-centre distance of adjacent mm ‘openings less than angle @ Va ligament efficiency for asinale openina — — Mw ligament efficiency for a single opening — in tha axial direction Yo ligament efficiency for two openings 7 vith a diagonal pitch less than angle @ design factors elongation at fracture (measured ratio 5) % angle of the connecting line of two ‘openings to the axial direction of the rectangular tube 3. General This AL 2UUU-Merkbiatt shall be applied only in conjunc ‘ion with AD 2000-Merkbiatt 6 0 4 Required wall thicknesses ‘The required wall thicknesses shall be determined accord- ny Wo Clause 9 oF AD ZUUU-WerkDIatE EU. In TIS: S=sytertce a and S=804c1 402 8 For the recalculation of completed components with wall thickness se, 6 5 Calculation against mainly static loading due to internal pressure 5.1. Maximum loading values can occur: (1) inthe comers, (2) in the mide ofthe side, (9) in the ligament between two openings with the caleu- lations for the points desigrated Iti Mi Figare ty be cariad out according to the arrangement of the openings. Figure 1. Plain rectangular tube with rows of holes 5.2 According to the designs in 5.1, the wall thickness is determined (1) in the comers as, pb [gp SEIT RS yo-K/8 = A @ (2) inthe middle of a side as ao abib [= EB 10-K/S . *=50-K/S VP Pp (Ga) in the ligament between two openings in the middle ff tha inde (Figura 1 (cectinn T-1) 26 po (Fae KE 10-K/S-v, \b? Pp © {@b) in the diagonal ligaments (Figure 1, section II-I) as pb Sia Rew cose x 0 «J cots #8 RE Ve P (Gc) in the ligaments with eccentric rows of openings (Figure 1, section I1-I1l) where e shall not exceed 0,5 4:10-K/S-W Pe ® X|By ~ (By +B.)AD 2000-Merkblatt 15.8 Tho ligamont officionoy for two adjacont eponinge according to Figure 1, section I+ or IIF- IITs ® according to Figure 1, section Itt eee (10) yt and fora single opening 4, va at- fe 4 ze a ‘5.4 If a higher values result from equation (9) andor (10) than from equation (11), then Va from equation (11) is to be inserted in equations (6) to (0) instead of Vi from equa ton () and Vj from equation (10). 5.5 Design factors Bx, Bw and Bz are to be taken from Figures 2,3 and 4, 03) Desian factor Ca ae a ee ee) We Figure 2. Design factor By, for calculating the wall thick- ness or rectangular tunes 044 | Desizn factor 8, 05 0807 08 0810 Figure 3. Design factor By for calculating the wall thick- ness of rectangular tubes Design factor 8 as a7 — aa 3 40 Ye Figure 4. Design factor 82 for calculating the wall thick- ness of rectangular tubes 6 Minimum permitted wall thickness 7 Literature [1] Schwaigerer, S: Festigkeitsberechnung von Bauele- ‘menten des Dampfkessel-, Behdlter- und Rohrleitungs- bbaves. (Strength calculation for components for steam boller. vessel and pipework construction). 2 revised edition (1870), Springer-Verlag, [2] TRO Technische Richtlinie Damptkessel (Technical Guidelines for Steam Boilers) - TD 320 ~ April 1975 elton. Oa Heymanns Verlag [B]WBV Werkstoff- und Bauvorschriften fir Aniagen der Dampf- und Drucktechnik (Material and construction requirements for steam and pressure equipment. BV 12- 9/74, VEB-Veriag Technik, Berlin‘Source of supply: Pusher: G&S) Carl 1 Vert (8) Carl Neymanns Verla GD Cat eymanns vera Verband der Technischen Uberwachunas-Vereine e.¥. Luxemburger StraBe 449. D-50939 Kéin ‘detox 0851-9 0 90008 E Mal vrkaufoheymanns.com E-Mail: berlin@vdtuev.de http://mwwvdtuev.de