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EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
A series of 45-ft. span composite beams at 10 ft. o/c carry the loads shown
below. The beams are ASTM A992 and are unshored during construction. The
concrete has a specified compressive strength, f c 4 ksi. Design a typical floor
beam with 3-in., 18-gage composite deck and 4 ½ in. normal weight concrete
above the deck, for fire protection and mass. Select an appropriate beam and
determine the required number of ¾ in.-diameter shear studs.
RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are referenced from Example I.1 from the AISC Design
Examples, Version 13.0.
Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent
Difference
CONCLUSION
The ETABS results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.
The live load deflection differs due to a difference in methodology. In the AISC
example, the live load deflection is computed based on a lower bound value of
the beam moment of inertia, whereas in ETABS, it is computed based on the
approximate value of the beam moment of inertia derived from Equation (C-I3-6)
from the Commentary on the AISC Load and Resistance Factor Design
Specification – Second Edition.
HAND CALCULATION
Properties:
Materials:
ASTM A572 Grade 50 Steel
E = 29,000 ksi, Fy = 50 ksi, wsteel = 490 pcf
4000 psi normal weight concrete
Ec = 3,644 ksi, f c 4 ksi, wconcrete = 145 pcf
Section:
W21x55
d = 20.8 in, bf = 8.22 in, tf = 0.522 in, tw = 0.38 in, h = 18.75 in., rfillet = 0.5 in.
Asteel = 16.2 in2, Ssteel = 109.6 in3, Zsteel = 126 in3, Isteel = 1140 in4
Deck:
tc =4 ½ in., hr = 3 in., sr =12 in., wr = 6 in.
Shear Connectors:
d = ¾ in, h =4 ½ in, Fu = 65 ksi
3
w L 10 20 10 0.200 kip/ft
wu L 1.31615 45
2 2
Mu 333.15 kip-ft
8 8
Moment Capacity:
b M n b Z s F y 0.9 126 50 12 472.5 kip-ft
Pre-Composite Deflection:
0.830
45 12
4
4 5
5wD L 12
nc 2.31 in.
384 E I 384 29, 000 1,140
wu L 2.68 45
2 2
Mu 687.5 kip-ft
8 8
Full Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Effective width of slab:
10.0 45.0 f t
b eff • 2 sides 10.0 ft 11.25 ft
2 8
Resistance of steel in tension:
C Py As F y 16.2 50 810 kips controls
Resistance of slab in compression:
Ac beff t c 10 12 4.5 540 in
2
d 20.8 / 12
M n Py • d 1 Py • 0.9 810 • 6.51 / 12 810 • 1027.1 kip-ft
2 2
a 0.72
d 1 t c hr 4.5 3 7.14 in.
2 2
Compression force within steel section:
P y
C 2 810 292.4 2 258.8 kips
Location of centroid of steel compression force measured from top of steel section:
0.5 t f Fflange t f 0.5 rfillet Ffillet t f rfillet 0.5 x C w eb
d2
( Py C ) / 2
0.5 0.522 214.5 0.522 0.5 0.5 14.6 0.522 0.5 0.5 1 .58 29.7
0.467 in.
258.8
20.8
0.9 292.4 7.14 0.467 810 0.467 12 770.3 kip-ft
2
Q n 17.2 kips
Moment Arm
Transformed from
Area Centroid Ay Ay2 I0
Element A (in2) y (in.) (in.3) (in,4) (in.4)
Slab 67.9 15.65 1,062 16,620 115
W21x50 16.2 0 0 0 1,140
84.1 1,062 16,620 1,255
1, 062
y 12.6 in.
84.1
2
I tr I x A y 17, 874 82.6 12.6 4, 458 in
2 4
I eff 0 .7 5 I eq u iv 0 .7 5 3,1 3 3 2, 3 5 0 in
4
4
5w L L
4
5 1 12 30 12
LL 1.35 in.
384 E I eff 384 29, 000 2, 350
wu L 2.71 45
Vu 61.1 kip-ft
2 2
Available Shear Strength:
V n • 0.6 • d • t w • Fy 1.0 • 0.6 • 20.8 • 0.375 • 50 234 kips