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FN Clarivate Analytics Web of Science
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Li, J
Cheng, X
Liu, D
Zhang, SQ
Li, Z
He, B
Wang, HM
AF Li, Jing
Cheng, Xu
Liu, Dong
Zhang, Shu-Quan
Li, Zhuo
He, Bei
Wang, Hua-Ming
TI Phase evolution of a heat-treatable aluminum alloy during laser additive
manufacturing
SO MATERIALS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacturing; Metals and alloys; Phase transformation
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY; DEPOSITION; MICROSTRUCTURE;
TI-6AL-4V; MG
AB Highly-dense Al-5Si-1Cu-Mg alloy bulk was firstly produced by laser additive
manufacture (LAM) technique. LAM involves extraordinary thermal cycles and will
therefore significantly affect the microstructure. In this research, the phase
evolution of LAMed Al-5Si-1Cu-Mg alloy was studied in detail by characterization
along the deposition direction. The rapid solidification of LAM encourages the
generation of various unstable phases of vermicular Si, fishbone shaped theta-
Al2Cu, blocky pi-Al8Mg3FeSi6 and irregular Q-Al5Mg8Cu2Si6. As the increasing times
of thermal cycling, phase evolution takes place by spheroidization of Si phases,
transformation of pi-Fe to plate-like beta-Al5FeSi with dissolution of theta and Q
phases. In particular, after certain times of thermal excursions, many micron-sized
and nano-sized Q' phases precipitate out from matrix, and the stabilized
microstructure consists of alpha-Al, Q', Si and beta. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Jing; Cheng, Xu; Liu, Dong; Zhang, Shu-Quan; Li, Zhuo; He, Bei; Wang, Hua-
Ming] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall
Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Cheng, X (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit
Mfg Large Metall Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
EM chengxu@buaa.edu.cn
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB1100401];
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Program [D151100001515003]
FX The work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program
of China (Grant No. 2016YFB1100401) and the Beijing Municipal Science &
Technology Program (Grant No. D151100001515003).
CR Chakrabarti DJ, 2004, PROG MATER SCI, V49, P389, DOI 10.1016/S0079-
6425(03)00031-8
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NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD MAR 1
PY 2018
VL 214
BP 56
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.11.111
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA FS3ZI
UT WOS:000419724400015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Elahinia, M
Moghaddam, NS
Amerinatanzi, A
Saedi, S
Toker, GP
Karaca, H
Bigelow, GS
Benafan, O
AF Elahinia, Mohammad
Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh
Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam
Saedi, Soheil
Toker, Guher Pelin
Karaca, Haluk
Bigelow, Glen S.
Benafan, Othmane
TI Additive manufacturing of NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE NiTiHf; High temperature shape memory alloys; Additive manufacturing;
Actuators
ID MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; BEHAVIOR; PRECIPITATION; PHASE; HF;
MICROSTRUCTURE; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; TITANIUM; METALS
AB A NiTi-20Hf high temperature shape memory alloy (HTSMA) was additively
manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) technique using NiTiHf powder. The
thermomechanical and shape memory response were compared to the conventional vacuum
induction skull melted counterpart. Transformation temperatures of the SLM material
were found to be above 200 degrees C and slightly lower due to the additional
oxygen pick up from the gas atomization and melting process. The shape memory
response in compression was measured for stresses up to 500 MPa, and transformation
strains were found to be very comparable (up to 1.26% for as-extruded; up to 1.52%
for SLM). (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Elahinia, Mohammad; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam] Univ
Toledo, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St,
Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Saedi, Soheil; Toker, Guher Pelin; Karaca, Haluk] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech
Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Bigelow, Glen S.; Benafan, Othmane] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Mat & Struct Div,
Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Elahinia, M (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam &
Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM mohammad.elahinia@utoledo.edu
FU NASA Glenn Research Center, Transformational Tools & Technologies (TTT)
Project [NNC16VA75P]
FX Funding support from the NASA Glenn Research Center, Transformational
Tools & Technologies (TTT) Project is gratefully acknowledged (contract
#NNC16VA75P).
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NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 32
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD MAR 1
PY 2018
VL 145
BP 90
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.10.016
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA FP5LW
UT WOS:000417662000021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XY
Fang, G
Leeflang, S
Bottger, AJ
Zadpoor, AA
Zhou, J
AF Zhang, Xiang-Yu
Fang, Gang
Leeflang, Sander
Bottger, Amarante J.
Zadpoor, Amir A.
Zhou, Jie
TI Effect of subtransus heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical
properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy
SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium alloy; Heat treatment; Phase
transformation; Mechanical properties
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; CORTICAL BONE DEFECTS; POROUS BIOMATERIALS;
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MARTENSITE; DUCTILITY; PARTS;
DECOMPOSITION; REGENERATION
AB As a powder-bed-based additive manufacturing technology, selective laser melting
(SLM) offers high-level flexibility and enables efficient fabrication of complex
parts. In connection with complex thermal events occurring during dynamic
sequential layer-by-layer deposition, the as-built material is usually hierarchical
at different length scales and possesses anisotropy at each level. As a result of a
moderate heating temperature of the baseplate and high cooling rates involved in
the process, the as-built Ti-6Al-4V alloy has an alpha' martensite microstructure.
Microstructure evolution occurring during post-SLM heat treatment is strongly
affected by the stability of the initial acicular martensite. The present study was
aimed at developing an optimum post-SLM heat treatment scheme at a temperature
below the beta transus temperature, based on the understanding of microstructure
evolution occurring during subtransus treatment and the resultant mechanical
properties of the alloy. It was observed that the growth of the a and b phases
during the heat treatment was inhibited by the initial alpha' phase. A higher
heating temperature could effectively improve microstructure homogeneity on a
micrometer-scale to some extent. Heating temperature affected the strength and
fracture strain of the alloy far more than cooling rate. A post-SLM heat treatment
at a temperature of 850 degrees C or higher could lead to an improvement of
fracture strain to the level of the forged counterpart, accompanied by the losses
in yield strength and ultimate compressive strength from the as-built values. Full
annealing (i.e., subtransus treatment at a high temperature) was thus recommended
to be an appropriate post-SLM heat treatment for Ti-6Al-4V. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V.
All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Xiang-Yu; Fang, Gang] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084,
Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Xiang-Yu; Fang, Gang] State Key Lab Tribol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R
China.
[Leeflang, Sander; Zadpoor, Amir A.; Zhou, Jie] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biomech
Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
[Bottger, Amarante J.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-
2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
RP Fang, G (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples
R China.
EM fangg@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Fang, Gang/L-5586-2013; Zhou, Jie/J-3019-2012; Zadpoor, Amir
A/A-8510-2008
OI Fang, Gang/0000-0002-5409-3922; Zhou, Jie/0000-0002-6484-9156;
FU State Key Lab of Tribology, China [SKTL2016B11]; Tsinghua Scholarship
FX Authors (Xiang-Yu Zhang and Gang Fang) gratefully acknowledge the
partial financial support from State Key Lab of Tribology, China
(project No. SKTL2016B11). Xiang-Yu Zhang acknowledges the partial
financial support from the Tsinghua Scholarship for Overseas Graduate
Studies. The support of Ing. R.W.A. Hendrix from the Delft University of
Technology in carrying out the XRD measurements is gratefully
acknowledged.
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NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 25
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD FEB 25
PY 2018
VL 735
BP 1562
EP 1575
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.11.263
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA FQ7BU
UT WOS:000418518600191
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, MY
Tian, XJ
Liu, D
Tang, HB
Cheng, X
AF Shen, Ming-Yue
Tian, Xiang-Jun
Liu, Dong
Tang, Hai-Bo
Cheng, Xu
TI Microstructure and fracture behavior of TiC particles reinforced Inconel
625 composites prepared by laser additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacturing; Nickel based composites; Microstructure;
Transition region; Fracture behavior
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL-DEPOSITION; WEAR PROPERTIES;
TITANIUM-ALLOY; TEMPERATURE; SUPERALLOY; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; FE;
MICROHARDNESS
AB Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) is applied to manufacture particles
reinforced composites due to its high designability, non-mold and high working
flexibility. In this paper, TiC particles reinforced Inconel 625 composites were
fabricated by LAM technology. Microstructure and chemical compositions of the
composites were detected using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Meanwhile, macroscopic
Brinell and micro Vickers hardness and in situ tensile test were applied to explore
the hardness and fracture behavior of the composites. Results indicate that the
microstructure of the composites consist of randomly distributed and partially
melted TiC particle reinforcements, and in situ formed MC (M = Nb, Ti and Mo)
precipitates with rod like shape appearing in interdendritic areas with a refined
microstructure. A MC (M = Nb, Ti and Mo) transition region is observed at the
interface between TiC/gamma matrix. The hardness of composites was 231 Brinell, 56%
higher than that of the laser additive manufactured Inconel 625. However, high
hardness and brittleness of reinforcements and precipitates cause unwanted cracks
generation during deformation of the materials, and which will later propagate into
the matrix and lead to final failure of the composites. The transition region at
TiC/gamma matrix interface with coherent phase boundary enhanced the bonding
strength thus no peeling of particles were observed during the fracture test. (C)
2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shen, Ming-Yue; Tian, Xiang-Jun; Liu, Dong; Tang, Hai-Bo; Cheng, Xu] Beihang
Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37
Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Cheng, X (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit
EM shenmingyue@buaa.edu.cn; tianxj@buaa.edu.cn; liudong@buaa.edu.cn;
tanghb@buaa.edu.cn; chengxu@buaa.edu.cn
FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
[2014AA041701]; Joint Funds of NSFC-Liaoning [U1508231]
FX This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and
Development Program of China (Grant No. 2014AA041701) and the Joint
Funds of NSFC-Liaoning (Grant No. U1508231).
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Zhang Q., 2011, HDB TERNARY ALLOY PH
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 21
U2 21
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD FEB 15
PY 2018
VL 734
BP 188
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.10.280
PG 8
GA FQ7BF
UT WOS:000418517100024
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Dallago, M
Fontanari, V
Torresani, E
Leoni, M
Pederzolli, C
Potrich, C
Benedetti, M
AF Dallago, M.
Fontanari, V.
Torresani, E.
Leoni, M.
Pederzolli, C.
Potrich, C.
Benedetti, M.
TI Fatigue and biological properties of Ti-6Al-4V ELI cellular structures
with variously arranged cubic cells made by selective laser melting
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Biocompalibility; Cellular materials; Defects;
Fatigue
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS BIOMATERIALS; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; BIOMEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; COMPRESSION FATIGUE; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; MICROSTRUCTURE;
REPLACEMENT; FABRICATION
AB Traditional implants made of bulk titanium are much stiffer than human bone and
this mismatch can induce stress shielding. Although more complex to produce and
with less predictable properties compared to bulk implants, implants with a highly
porous structure can be produced to match the bone stiffness and at the same time
favor bone ingrowth and regeneration. This paper presents the results of the
mechanical and dimensional characterization of different regular cubic open-cell
cellular structures produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of Ti6A14V alloy, all
with the same nominal elastic modulus of 3 GPa that matches that of human
trabecular bone. The main objective of this research was to determine which
structure has the best fatigue resistance through fully reversed fatigue tests on
cellular specimens. The quality of the manufacturing process and the discrepancy
between the actual measured cell parameters and the nominal CAD values were
assessed through an extensive metrological analysis. The results of the
metrological assessment allowed us to discuss the effect of manufacturing defects
(porosity, surface roughness and geometrical inaccuracies) on the mechanical
properties. Half of the specimens was subjected to a stress relief thermal
treatment while the other half to Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP), and we compared the
effect of the treatments on porosity and on the mechanical properties. Fatigue
strength seems to be highly dependent on the surface irregularities and notches
introduced during the manufacturing process. In fully reversed fatigue tests, the
high performances of stretching dominated structures compared to bending dominated
structures are not found. In fact, with thicker struts, such structures proved to
be more resistant, even if bending actions were present.
C1 [Dallago, M.; Fontanari, V.; Torresani, E.; Benedetti, M.] Univ Trento, Dept Ind
Engn, Trento, Italy.
[Leoni, M.] Univ Trento, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, Trento, Italy.
[Pederzolli, C.; Potrich, C.] Fdn Bruno Kessler, Lab Biomol Sequence & Struct
Anal Hlth, Trento, Italy.
[Potrich, C.] CNR, Inst Biophys, Trento, Italy.
RP Dallago, M (reprint author), Univ Trento, Dept Ind Engn, Trento, Italy.
EM michele.dallago@unitn.it
FU University of Trento within the strategic research project entitled "3D
printed metallic foams for biomedical applications: understanding and
improving their mechanical behavior" [P.STR.14 3D]
FX The authors wish to thank Dr. M. Cazzolli and Mr. V. Luchin for their
contributions to the design of the specimens. This work was financially
supported by the University of Trento, within the strategic research
project 2014 (under grant P.STR.14 3D) entitled "3D printed metallic
foams for biomedical applications: understanding and improving their
mechanical behavior".
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NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED
JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater.
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 78
BP 381
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.11.044
PG 14
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA FT6ES
UT WOS:000423247700042
PM 29220822
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Longhitano, GA
Larosa, MA
Jardini, AL
Zavaglia, CAD
Ierardi, MCF
AF Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur
Larosa, Maria Aparecida
Jardini, Andre Luiz
de Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia
Filippini Ierardi, Maria Clara
TI Correlation between microstructures and mechanical properties under
tensile and compression tests of heat-treated Ti-6Al-4 V ELI alloy
produced by additive manufacturing for biomedical applications
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4 V ELI alloy; Additive manufacturing; Heat treatments;
Mechanical properties; Direct metal laser sintering; Orthopedic implants
ID TITANIUM; DESIGN
AB As both life expectancy and accidents rates increase around the world, also the
number of orthopedic surgeries has growth significantly, together with the need for
advances in materials and techniques in order to better produce implants. The
Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) is an additive manufacturing process capable of
producing complex geometries and customized parts. In this study, samples of Ti-
6Al-4 V ELI alloy were produced by DMLS and heat-treated at 650 degrees C for 3 h
(stress relieving), and at 850 degrees C, 950 degrees C and 1050 degrees C for 1 h,
all followed by furnace cooling. The microstructural modifications were analyzed by
optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the
mechanical properties were analyzed by tensile, compression and Vickers
microhardness tests. It was found that the higher the temperature of heat
treatment, the higher the ductility and the lower the mechanical strength, due to
nucleation and growth of alpha and beta phases. In addition, the values of
ductility found for compression tests were higher than for tensile tests, having a
different behavior under tensile and compression loads. The heat-treated Ti-6Al-4 V
ELI alloy at 950 degrees C and 1050 degrees C conditions presented the best
relation of mechanical properties for use in implants, meeting the requirements of
ASTM F136 and ASTM 3001 standards.
C1 [Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur; Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Jardini, Andre Luiz; de
Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia; Filippini Ierardi, Maria Clara] Natl Inst
Biofabricat INCT BIOFABRIS, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur; de Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia; Filippini
Ierardi, Maria Clara] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Mech Engn, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Jardini, Andre Luiz] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem
Engn, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Longhitano, GA (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Mech Engn,
Campinas, SP, Brazil.
EM guilonghita@gmail.com
FU Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES);
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq);
Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Coordination for the
Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES), National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and Sao Paulo Research
Foundation (FAPESP) for the financial support, and the National Center
for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) for the use of its
facilities. The authors also thank Espaco da Escrita - Pro-Reitoria de
Pesquisa, UNICAMP for the language services provided.
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 15
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
J9 J MATER PROCESS TECH
JI J. Mater. Process. Technol.
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 252
BP 202
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.09.022
PG 9
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA FP5LA
UT WOS:000417659800021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kreitcberg, A
Brailovski, V
Prokoshkin, S
AF Kreitcberg, A.
Brailovski, V.
Prokoshkin, S.
TI New biocompatible near-beta Ti-Zr-Nb alloy processed by laser powder bed
fusion: Process optimization
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Laser powder bed
fusion; Ti-based alloy; Biocompatible superelastic alloy; Processing
parameters
ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
ELECTRON-BEAM; MANUFACTURE; TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM; POROSITY
AB The laser powder bed fusion parameters were determined for a novel biomedical
Ti-18Zr-14Nb (at%) alloy using both analytical and experimental approaches. An
analytical model was used to calculate the laser powder bed fusion parameters such
as laser power, scanning speed and hatching space providing the energy density on
the powder bed surface ranging from 9 to 85 J/mm(3), and the build rate - from 12
to 52 cm(3)/h. A technological processing window corresponding to a 25-45 J/mm(3)
energy density range and a 10-25 cm(3)/h build rate range is recommended for the
fabrication of the fully dense Ti-18Zr-14Nb alloy with improved surface roughness.
C1 [Kreitcberg, A.; Brailovski, V.] Ecole Technol Super, 1100 Notre Dame St West,
Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada.
[Prokoshkin, S.] Natl Univ Sci & Technol MISIS, 4 Leninskiy Prospect, Moscow
119049, Russia.
RP Brailovski, V (reprint author), Ecole Technol Super, 1100 Notre Dame St West,
EM vladimir.brailovski@etsml.ca
FU NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada);
Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Russian Federation
[K2-2016-011, 11.1495.2017/PP]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by
NSERC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada: V.
Brailovski's Discovery grant) and the Ministry of Education and Sciences
of the Russian Federation in the framework of the increase
Competitiveness Program of NUST "MISIS" (Grant No. K2-2016-011) and
State Task No. 11.1495.2017/PP. The authors would also like to thank C.
Simoneau, M. Pushkareva and V. Sheremetyev for model programming,
surface roughness/morphology measurements, and chemical analyses.
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NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 252
BP 821
EP 829
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.10.052
PG 9
Multidisciplinary
GA FP5LA
UT WOS:000417659800086
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sing, SL
Wiria, FE
Yeong, WY
AF Sing, Swee Leong
Wiria, Florencia Edith
Yeong, Wai Yee
TI Selective laser melting of lattice structures: A statistical approach to
manufacturability and mechanical behavior
SO ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Selective laser melting; Cellular
lattice structures; Statistical analysis; Titanium-tantalum
ID PROCESS PARAMETERS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; POROUS STRUCTURES; IMPLANTS;
ALLOY; POROSITY; MODULUS; POWDER; 316L
AB This paper investigates the effect of processing parameters on the dimensional
accuracy and mechanical properties of cellular lattice structures fabricated by
additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing. The samples are fabricated by
selective laser melting (SLM) using novel titanium-tantalum alloy. The titanium-
tantalum alloy has the potential to replace commercially pure titanium and Ti6Al4V
as biomedical material. In this study, the unit cell used is specially designed to
carry out the analysis using regression method and analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Due to the effect of the SLM process parameters, the elastic constant of the
cellular lattice structures ranged from 1.36 +/- 0.11 to 6.82 +/- 0.15 GPa using
the same unit cell design. The elastic constant range, while showing the
versatility of titanium-tantalum as biomedical material, is rather wide despite
using the same lattice structure designed. This shows that there is a need to
carefully control the processing parameters during the lattice structures
fabrication so as to obtain the desired mechanical properties. Based on the
statistical analysis, it is found that the dimensional accuracy and mechanical
properties such as elastic constant and yield strength of the cellular lattice
structures are most sensitive to laser power as compared to other parameters such
as laser scanning speed and powder layer thickness. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Sing, Swee Leong; Wiria, Florencia Edith; Yeong, Wai Yee] Nanyang Technol Univ,
SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit Mfg 3D, HW3-01-01,65A Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637333,
Singapore.
[Sing, Swee Leong; Yeong, Wai Yee] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, N3-1-B2C-03,50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Wiria, Florencia Edith] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol SIMTech NTU, 73 Nanyang Dr,
Singapore 637662, Singapore.
RP Yeong, WY (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit
Mfg 3D, HW3-01-01,65A Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637333, Singapore.; Yeong, WY (reprint
author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D,
N3-1-B2C-03,50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM sing0011@e.ntu.edu.sg; florencia@simtech.a-star.edu.sg;
wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg
RI Sing, Swee Leong/M-3270-2014; Yeong, Wai Yee/G-2655-2013
OI Sing, Swee Leong/0000-0002-3980-6605; Yeong, Wai Yee/0000-0003-3640-0877
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NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 169
U2 169
PI OXFORD
SN 0736-5845
EI 1879-2537
J9 ROBOT CIM-INT MANUF
JI Robot. Comput.-Integr. Manuf.
PD FEB
PY 2018
VL 49
BP 170
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.rcim.2017.06.006
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Manufacturing; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics
GA FJ7RW
UT WOS:000412957500016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Deng, L
Wang, SH
Wang, P
Kuhn, U
Pauly, S
AF Deng, Liang
Wang, Shenghai
Wang, Pei
Kuhn, Uta
Pauly, Simon
TI Selective laser melting of a Ti-based bulk metallic glass
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Ti-based alloy; Bulk metallic glasses;
Biomedical applications; Mechanical properties
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MATRIX-COMPOSITES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The Ti-based bulk metallic glass Ti47Cu38Zr7.5Fe2.5Sn2Si1Ag2 was fabricated by
selective laser melting (SLM). The crystalline phases in the gas-atomized powder
disappear after additive manufacturing and the SLM parts are fully glassy. All SLM
samples reach a high relative density above 98.5% and a high compressive strength
around 1700 MPa despite failing prematurely in comparison with as-cast rods. Our
work identifies a Ti-based glass-forming alloy suitable for laser-based additive
manufacturing and opens up new vistas for overcoming the intrinsic limitations of
Ti-based BMGs in terms of size and geometry and for making them accessible to
(biomedical) applications. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Deng, Liang; Wang, Pei; Kuhn, Uta; Pauly, Simon] IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat,
Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
[Wang, Shenghai] Shandong Univ Weihai, Sch Mech Elect & Informat Engn, Wenhua
Xilu 180, Weihai 264209, Peoples R China.
RP Pauly, S (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, Helmholtzstr 20, D-
01069 Dresden, Germany.
EM s.pauly@ifw-dresden.de
FU Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC); DFG [PA 2275/2-1, PA 2275/4-1,
KU1974/11-1]
FX A. Funk, T. Gustmann, H. Schwab, K. Kosiba, M. Zimmermann and S. Scudino
are thanked for fruitful discussions, B. Bartusch, M. Frey, H. Merker
and S. Donath for technical assistance. L. Deng acknowledges the support
from the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) and S. Pauly the support from
DFG under grant nos. PA 2275/2-1 and PA 2275/4-1 and U. Kuhn under grant
no. KU1974/11-1.
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 59
U2 59
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD FEB 1
PY 2018
VL 212
BP 346
EP 349
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.10.130
PG 4
GA FM3MV
UT WOS:000414911300088
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Arie, MA
Shooshtari, AH
Ohadi, MM
AF Arie, Martinus A.
Shooshtari, Amir H.
Ohadi, Michael M.
TI Experimental characterization of an additively manufactured heat
exchanger for dry cooling of power plants
SO APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Manifold microchannel; Enhanced heat exchanger; Additive manufacturing;
Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS); Dry cooling of power plants
ID THERMAL OPTIMIZATION; SINKS
AB Air-cooled heat exchangers for power plant cooling are receiving much attention
lately, as they require little or no water for cooling when compared to water-
cooled systems. This paper focuses on the design, fabrication, and experimental
characterization of a novel additively manufactured air-water heat exchanger for
dry cooling of power plants. The heat exchanger consists of manifold-microchannels
on the air side and rectangular channels on the water side in a cross-flow
configuration. By using additive manufacturing, the manifold-microchannel heat
exchanger can be fabricated as a single component, which eliminates the assembly
process. Three prototype heat exchangers were fabricated using direct metal laser
sintering (DMLS) out of stainless-steel (SS17-4), titanium alloy (Ti64), and
aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg). Air-side heat transfer coefficients in the range of 100-
450 W/m(2) K at pressure drops of 50-2000 Pa were recorded for the titanium alloy
heat exchanger for air flow rate ranging from 1.89 L/s to 18.9 L/s. Based on our
analysis and compared to conventional heat exchangers, the performance of this
manifold-microchannel heat exchanger was superior. Compared to wavy fin and plain
plate fin heat exchangers, up to 30% and 40% improvement, respectively, in
gravimetric heat transfer density was recorded for the entire range of experimental
data. Compared to state-of-the-art dry cooling, nearly 27% improvement in
gravimetric heat transfer density was noted at air-side coefficient of performance
(COPair) of 172. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arie, Martinus A.; Shooshtari, Amir H.; Ohadi, Michael M.] Univ Maryland, Dept
Mech Engn, Smart & Small Thermal Syst Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Shooshtari, AH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, 2181 Glenn L
Martin Hall,Bldg 088, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM amir@umd.edu
FU US Department of Energy ARPA-E [DE-AR0000507]
FX Financial support of this work by US Department of Energy ARPA-E, under
award DE-AR0000507 is greatly acknowledged. The views and opinions of
authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of
the United States Government or any agency thereof. The authors wish in
particular to thank Dr. James Klausner and Mr. Geoffrey Short (both of
ARPA-E) for their technical insight and advice over the course of this
project. The authors also wish to thank Dr. Arun Muley and Mr. Doug H.
Van Affelen from Boeing Research & Technology for their support and
feedback that positively affected additive manufacturing effort under
this project. Lastly, the authors would also like to thank the
Stratasys, Inc. team led by Mr. Frederick Claus for their assistance in
fabrication of the heat exchangers.
CR Acharya S., 2013, NSF EPRI JOINT SOLIC
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NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-4311
J9 APPL THERM ENG
JI Appl. Therm. Eng.
PD JAN 25
PY 2018
VL 129
BP 187
EP 198
DI 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.09.140
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Mechanics
GA FR9QF
UT WOS:000419407500019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, YB
Cong, WL
Wang, XL
Li, YC
Ning, FD
Wang, H
AF Hu, Yingbin
Cong, Weilong
Wang, Xinlin
Li, Yuanchen
Ning, Fuda
Wang, Hui
TI Laser deposition-additive manufacturing of TiB-Ti composites with novel
three-dimensional quasi-continuous network microstructure: Effects on
strengthening and toughening
SO COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal-matrix composites (MMCs); Mechanical properties; Analytical
modeling; Powder processing; Laser deposition-additive manufacturing
ID METAL-MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM; TI-6AL-4V;
PARTICLE; ALLOYS; MODELS; BORON; ORIENTATION; PERFORMANCE
AB Although TiB reinforced titanium matrix (TiB-Ti) composites exhibit superior
wear resistance and strength, they still demonstrate severe problems resulted from
lowered toughness and ductility, as compared with titanium and its alloys. To
reduce these problems, this paper tailors a three-dimensional quasi-continuous
network (3DQCN) microstructure within TiB-Ti composites by in-situ laser
deposition-additive manufacturing process. Results show that the laser power has
great impacts on the formation of 3DQCN microstructure and the 3DQCN microstructure
is beneficial to both strengthening and toughening effects on TiB-Ti composites. To
have a quantitative understanding of strengthening effects, this paper, for the
first time, has modeled the yield strength of TiB-Ti composites with 3DQCN
microstructure. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hu, Yingbin; Cong, Weilong; Wang, Xinlin; Li, Yuanchen; Ning, Fuda; Wang, Hui]
Texas Tech Univ, Dept Ind Mfg & Syst Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Wang, Xinlin] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Dalian 116024, Liaoning,
Peoples R China.
[Li, Yuanchen] Tianjin Univ, Key Lab Mech Theory & Equipment Design, Minist
Educ, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China.
RP Cong, WL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Ind Mfg & Syst Engn, Lubbock,
TX 79409 USA.
EM weilong.cong@ttu.edu
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NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 35
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-8368
EI 1879-1069
J9 COMPOS PART B-ENG
JI Compos. Pt. B-Eng.
PD JAN 15
PY 2018
VL 133
BP 91
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.09.019
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Composites
GA FM0AF
UT WOS:000414620500010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Xie, Y
Gao, M
Wang, FD
Zhang, C
Hao, KD
Wang, HZ
Zeng, XY
AF Xie, Yong
Gao, Ming
Wang, Fude
Zhang, Chen
Hao, Kangda
Wang, Hongze
Zeng, Xiaoyan
TI Anisotropy of fatigue crack growth in wire arc additive manufactured
Ti-6Al-4V
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Additive manufacturing; Anisotropy; Fatigue crack growth
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; BEHAVIOR; DEPOSITION;
MECHANISMS; STRESS; EBM
AB The effects of crack growth direction on the fatigue crack growth of wire arc
additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V were studied. The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR)
of horizontal and vertical samples has different stress intensity factor transition
point, Delta K-T, which is 11.3 MPa m(1/2) and 10.3 MPa m(1/2), respectively. The
FCGR of vertical sample is 5% higher than that of horizontal sample when the stress
intensity factor, Delta K is smaller than Delta K-T. The difference in FCGR is
resulted from the microstructure characterization and the fatigue crack growth
direction.
C1 [Xie, Yong; Gao, Ming; Wang, Fude; Zhang, Chen; Hao, Kangda; Zeng, Xiaoyan]
Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, WNLO, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Hongze] Osaka Univ, JWRI, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
RP Gao, M; Wang, FD (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, WNLO, Wuhan
430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM mgao@mail.hust.edu.cn; wfdhust2013@mail.hust.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51775206, 51475183,
51429501]
FX This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (grant nos. 51775206, 51475183 and 51429501). Thanks
for the analytical and testing center of HUST provided useful
characterizations for this work.
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NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD JAN 2
PY 2018
VL 709
BP 265
EP 269
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.10.064
PG 5
GA FO5FP
UT WOS:000416879200030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Jette, B
Brailovski, V
Dumas, M
Simoneau, C
Terriault, P
AF Jette, Bruno
Brailovski, Vladimir
Dumas, Mathieu
Simoneau, Charles
Terriault, Patrick
TI Femoral stem incorporating a diamond cubic lattice structure: Design,
manufacture and testing
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomimetic femoral stem; Metallic lattice structure; Additive
manufacturing; Digital image correlation; Finite element analysis; Hip
prosthesis
ID BONE APPARENT DENSITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS BIOMATERIALS;
ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS; STRAIN-MEASUREMENT; TITANIUM IMPLANTS;
HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; PORE-SIZE; FIXATION; INGROWTH
AB Background: The current total hip prostheses with dense femoral stems are
considerably stiffer than the host bones, which leads to such long-term
complications as aseptic loosening, and eventually, the need for a revision.
Consequently, the lifetime of the implantation does not match the lifetime
expectation of young patients.
Method: A femoral stem design featuring a porous structure is proposed to lower
its stiffness and allow bone tissue ingrowth. The porous structure is based on a
diamond cubic lattice in which the pore size and the strut thickness are selected
to meet the biomechanical requirements of the strength and the bone ingrowth. A
porous stem and its fully dense counterpart are produced by laser powder-bed fusion
using Ti-6Al-4V alloy. To evaluate the stiffness reduction, static testing based on
the ISO standard 7206-4 is performed. The experimental results recorded by digital
image correlation are analyzed and compared to the numerical model.
Results & conclusions: The numerical and experimental force-displacement
characteristics of the porous stem show a 31% lower stiffness as compared to that
of its dense counterpart. Moreover, the correlation analysis of the total
displacement and equivalent strain fields allows the preliminary validation of the
numerical model of the porous stem. Finally, the analysis of the surface-to-volume
and the strength-to-stiffness ratios of diamond lattice structures allow the
assessment of their potential as biomimetic constructs for load-bearing orthopaedic
implants.
C1 [Jette, Bruno; Brailovski, Vladimir; Dumas, Mathieu; Simoneau, Charles;
Terriault, Patrick] Ecole Technol Super, Dept Mech Engn, 1100 Notre Dame St West,
RP Jette, B (reprint author), Ecole Technol Super, Dept Mech Engn, 1100 Notre Dame
St West, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada.
EM bruno.jette.1@etsmtl.net; vladimir.brailovski@etsmtl.ca;
mathieu.dumas.1@etsmtl.net; charles.simoneau.1@ens.etsmtl.ca;
patrick.terriault@etsmtl.ca
FU Fonds de developpement de l'ETS (FDETS) [862137]; Fonds de recherche du
Quebec - Nature et Technologies (FRQNT) [199265]; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
FX Financial support to realize this project has been granted by the Fonds
de developpement de l'ETS (FDETS) (Grant No. 862137), the Fonds de
recherche du Quebec - Nature et Technologies (FRQNT) (Grant No. 199265)
and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC) through Profs. Brailovski's and Terriault's Discovery Grants.
The authors are thankful to these organisms.
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NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 8
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD JAN
PY 2018
VL 77
BP 58
EP 72
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.08.034
PG 15
GA FQ4EC
UT WOS:000418309500007
PM 28888934
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shishkovsky, I
Missemer, F
Smurov, I
AF Shishkovsky, Igor
Missemer, Floran
Smurov, Igor
TI Metal matrix composites with ternary intermetallic inclusions fabricated
by laser direct energy deposition
SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal matrix composites (MMC); Laser direct energy deposition (LDED);
Aluminides of nickel and titanium
ID AL-NI-TI; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRADED STRUCTURES; PHASE EVOLUTION;
SUPERALLOY K418; MICROSTRUCTURE; COATINGS; SYSTEM; ALLOY; BEHAVIOR
AB At the present research, we obtained the metal matrix composites (MMC) of
dispersion-reinforced nickel and titanium based alloys with variable content,
structure and properties using laser direct energy deposition (LDED). We have
ascertained that forming double and triple reinforced MexAly (x, y = 1.0.3)
intermetallic structures with preset parameters of dispersibility and spatial
distribution can be performed in-situ, using the LDED during the phase
transformations of cooling and crystallization of the alloy. The preset gradients
of final chemical composition, structure and microhardness have been obtained
precisely by regulating the composition of the powder mixture supplied to the
active zone of the LDED. We suggest a combination method of the LDED which can be
an effective instrument for search and development of the new MMC and alloys for
the additive manufacture field, as well as for studying structure-and phase-
formation in the nonequilibrium conditions of laser synthesis. (C) 2017 Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shishkovsky, Igor] Russian Acad Sci, Lebedev Phys Inst, Samara Branch, Moscow
443011, Russia.
[Shishkovsky, Igor; Missemer, Floran; Smurov, Igor] Univ Lyon, Ecole Natl Ingn
St Etienne, F-42023 Lyon, France.
RP Shishkovsky, I (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Lebedev Phys Inst, Samara
Branch, Moscow 443011, Russia.
EM shiv@fian.smr.ru; igor.sumrov@enise.fr
OI Shishkovsky, Igor/0000-0002-4404-9020
FU Russian Foundation of Basis Researches (RFBR) [14-29-10193 ofi-m,
17-48-630290 p_a]
FX We appreciate the support rendered to our research by the Russian
Foundation of Basis Researches (RFBR), Grants No. 14-29-10193 ofi-m and
17-48-630290 p_a.
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NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-8223
EI 1879-1085
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD JAN 1
PY 2018
VL 183
SI SI
BP 663
EP 670
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.09.004
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA FL9QV
UT WOS:000414592800066
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Seifi, M
Salem, AA
Satko, DP
Ackelid, U
Semiatin, SL
Lewandowski, JJ
AF Seifi, Mohsen
Salem, Ayman A.
Satko, Daniel P.
Ackelid, Ulf
Semiatin, S. Lee
Lewandowski, John J.
TI Effects of HIP on microstructural heterogeneity, defect distribution and
mechanical properties of additively manufactured EBM Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Gamma titanium aluminide; Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb;
Electron beam melting; Microstructure evolution; Defect; Tomography;
Fracture toughness; Fatigue
ID GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDE; TIAL-BASED ALLOYS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CYCLIC
COMPRESSION; CRACK-PROPAGATION; BEHAVIOR; FATIGUE; ORIENTATION;
PRECRACKING; EVOLUTION
AB The present work was conducted to establish an initial understanding of the
processing-microstructure-property relations for gamma-TiAl manufactured by
electron beam powder bed fusion. The investigation included microstructure
characterization at different length scales of near-g titanium aluminide Ti-48Al-
2Cr-2Nb (in atom pct) in addition to evaluating the compressive strength,
microstructures, fracture toughness, and fatigue crack growth behavior. Micro-CT
revealed significant variations in the spatial distribution of internal defects
along the build of the as-deposited sample, while HIP reduced these defects.
However, inhomogeneous microstructures were exhibited in both the as-deposited and
HIP materials while HIP processing reduced both the yield strength and amount of
scatter in mechanical properties. Despite these observations, fracture toughness
and fatigue crack growth results were in the range of those reported for
conventionally cast material. The use of cloud computing provided an efficient
means for data management, microstructure analytics, and collaboration among
various contributors to the work. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Seifi, Mohsen; Lewandowski, John J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Salem, Ayman A.; Satko, Daniel P.] Mat Resources LLC, Dayton, OH 45402 USA.
[Ackelid, Ulf] Arcam AB, SE-43137 Molndal, Sweden.
[Semiatin, S. Lee] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, AFRL RXCM, Wright
Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Seifi, M (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM mohsen.seifi@case.edu
OI Seifi, Mohsen/0000-0001-8385-2337; Lewandowski, John/0000-0002-3389-2637
FU Arthur P Armington Professorship; Materials Resources LLC
FX This work was partially supported by the Arthur P Armington
Professorship (JJL) and conducted in the Advanced Manufacturing and
Mechanical Reliability Center (AMMRC) at CWRU. The materials in this
study were manufactured and provided by Arcam AB. Microstructural
characterization and analytics were internally funded by Materials
Resources LLC.
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NR 77
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 31
U2 31
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD DEC 30
PY 2017
VL 729
BP 1118
EP 1135
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.163
PG 18
GA FK5QK
UT WOS:000413555000136
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Xia, MJ
Liu, AH
Hou, ZW
Li, NL
Chen, Z
Ding, HY
AF Xia, Mujian
Liu, Aihui
Hou, Zhiwei
Li, Nianlian
Chen, Zhong
Ding, Hongyan
TI Microstructure growth behavior and its evolution mechanism during laser
additive manufacture of in-situ reinforced (TiB plus TiC)/Ti composite
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacture; Titanium alloy; In-situ synthesis;
Microstructure growth; Evolution mechanism
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MATRIX COMPOSITES; TI; ALLOY; WEAR;
CORROSION; POWDERS; TI6AL4V; SYSTEM; B4C
AB The in-situ (TiB + TiC) reinforced Ti matrix composites with novel
microstructures were successfully prepared by laser additive manufacture in this
paper. The phase identification, surface morphologies, microstructure growth and
its evolution mechanism, and microhardness of B4C/Ti composite under variable laser
power were systematically analyzed. The results revealed that the in-situ TiC+TiB
reinforcements generated surrounding the incorporated B4C particles and the pro-
eutectic TiB phases precipitated from the molten liquid. Under the activities of a
large laser power penetrated into powderbed, the top surface morphology appeared to
be smooth, due to the sufficient convections within pool and neighboring tracks.
The laser power significantly influenced the microstructure growth within molten
pool. As increasing the laser power, the in-situ whisker-like TiB and granular TiC
phases were evidently grew and coarsened, ascribed to the sufficient energy and
considerable diffusion of B and C elements. The high microhardness of approximate
577.1 HV0.2 was obtained at a relatively low laser power, attributing to the
enhancement of fine TiB and TiC reinforcements. Furthermore, the evolution
mechanism of microstructure within molten pool was concluded, as well. (C) 2017
Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xia, Mujian; Liu, Aihui; Hou, Zhiwei; Li, Nianlian; Chen, Zhong; Ding, Hongyan]
Huaiyin Inst Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Adv Mfg Technol, Meicheng St 1, Huaian
223003, Peoples R China.
RP Xia, MJ (reprint author), Huaiyin Inst Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Adv Mfg Technol,
Meicheng St 1, Huaian 223003, Peoples R China.
EM hgxmjw@hyit.edu.cn
FU Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing
Technology [HGAMTL-1608]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
of China [BK20151291]; 333 Project [BRA2015377]; Foundation of Huaian
international cooperation program [HAC2015026]; Foundation of Huaian
citizen Science and Technology Support Program [HAG201601]; Foundation
of Huaiyin Institute of Technology [491713330]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the
Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing
Technology (No. HGAMTL-1608), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu
Province of China (No. BK20151291), the 333 Project (No. BRA2015377),
Foundation of Huaian international cooperation program (HAC2015026),
Foundation of Huaian citizen Science and Technology Support Program (The
Industrial Part, No. HAG201601) and Foundation of Huaiyin Institute of
Technology (No. 491713330).
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NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 51
U2 51
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD DEC 25
PY 2017
VL 728
BP 436
EP 444
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.09.033
PG 9
GA FJ5UN
UT WOS:000412818600051
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, FY
Yang, M
Clare, AT
Lin, X
Tan, H
Chen, YN
AF Zhang, Fengying
Yang, Meng
Clare, Adam T.
Lin, Xin
Tan, Hua
Chen, Yongnan
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-2Al alloyed with Mo
formed in laser additive manufacture
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacturing; Direct energy deposition; Laser solid
forming; Titanium alloys; Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; TI-6AL-4V; POWDER; MODULUS
AB A series of Ti-2Al-yMo (y = 2,5,7,9,12) alloy samples were produced from blended
elemental Ti, Al and Mo powders using the laser solid forming technology. The
influence of the beta stabilizer Mo on the morphology of the grains, the size and
the distribution of the a laths, the Vickers hardness and the tensile properties of
Ti-2Al-yMo alloys were explored under designated laser processing parameters. It
was found that the microstructure in Ti-2Al-5Mo, Ti-2Al-7Mo, Ti-2Al-9Mo, and Ti-
2Al-12Mo deposited layers were composed of irregular columnar grains that grow
epitaxially, with some small equiaxed grains in the upper region, while that of the
Ti-2Al-2Mo alloy was composed of large columnar grains. The grain size decreased,
while the thickness of equiaxed grains layer increased with increasing Mo content.
This indicates a tendency towards columnar-to-equiaxed transition with increasing
Mo. The dominant b grains form a basketweave microstructure composed of primary a
laths, secondary a laths and retained b phase. It was also observed that with
increasing Mo content, both the size of primary a laths and secondary a laths
decreased significantly, while the number of secondary a laths increased sharply,
and the Ti-2Al-12Mo is also constituted of a phase and b phase. The Young's modulus
of Ti-2Al-7Mo, Ti-2Al-9Mo, and Ti-2Al-12Mo were basically the same within
experimental error. Tensile testing of the specimens showed that Ti-2Al-7Mo
exhibits a good combination of strength and elongation to failure. As a result,
this material can be considered suitable as a viable feedstock for laser additive
manufacturing. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zhang, Fengying; Yang, Meng; Chen, Yongnan] Changan Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Xian 710064, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Fengying; Clare, Adam T.; Tan, Hua] Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Adv
Component Engn Lab, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Lin, Xin; Tan, Hua] Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc,
Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Lin, Xin] Northwestern Polytech Univ, MIIT China, Key Lab Met High Performance
Addit Mfg & Innovat, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, FY (reprint author), Changan Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Xian 710064,
Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Lin, X (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ,
State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM zhangfengying@chd.edu.cn; xlin@nwpu.edu.cn
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0700301,
2016YFB1100103]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51401033]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M592731]; Natural
Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China [2016JQ5022]
FX This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development
Program of China (No. 2016YFB0700301, No. 2016YFB1100103), National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51401033), China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation (No. 2016M592731) and Natural Science Basic Research
Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (No. 2016JQ5022).
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NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 39
U2 39
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD DEC 15
PY 2017
VL 727
BP 821
EP 831
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.07.324
PG 11
GA FJ4MH
UT WOS:000412712900097
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, SY
Shin, YC
AF Liu, Shunyu
Shin, Yung C.
TI The influences of melting degree of TiC reinforcements on microstructure
and mechanical properties of laser direct deposited Ti6Al4V-TiC
composites
SO MATERIALS & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser direct deposition; Ti6Al4V-TiC composite; Functionally graded
material; Microstructure; Mechanical property
ID ADDITIVE MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V; METAL-DEPOSITION; WEAR PROPERTIES;
ALLOY; DEFORMATION; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; POWDER; PERFORMANCE
AB This study is concerned with the influences of melting degree of embedded TiC
reinforcements on microstructure and mechanical properties of laser direct
deposited Ti6Al4V-TiC composites and a functionally graded material. The melting
degree of embedded TiC was controlled by the input laser energy density and the
added TiC content. The formation of detrimental primary dendritic TiC grains was
successfully avoided by properly adjusting the deposition conditions and the
particle size range of TiC reinforcements. The resultant compression test revealed
the ultimate strength increasing from 1381 +/- 19 MPa to 1636 +/- 23 MPa as the
premixed TiC content increased from 0 to 15 vol% while a true strain of 0.141 +/-
0.002 was still retained for 15 vol% TiC. The primary strengthening mechanism for
composites with the most melting control of TiC is the solid solution strengthening
induced by carbon, while that for the least melting control is dominated by the
unmelted TiC particulates and the refined microstructure resulting from the
resolidified carbides. The defect-free functionally graded Ti6Al4V-TiC with 0 to 40
vol% TiC achieved an increased hardness from HRC similar to 39 to HRC similar to
65. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Shunyu; Shin, Yung C.] Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ctr Laser Based Mfg, W
Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
RP Shin, YC (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Ctr Laser Based Mfg, W
Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
EM shin@purdue.edu
OI Shin, Yung/0000-0003-3157-9345
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 28
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD DEC 15
PY 2017
VL 136
BP 185
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.09.063
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA FL5EE
UT WOS:000414253800015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, Z
Chen, J
Zhang, Q
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhao, Zhuang
Chen, Jing
Zhang, Qiang
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Wei-dong
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser additive repaired Ti17
titanium alloy
SO TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
LA English
DT Article
DE laser additive repair; Ti17 titanium alloy; microstructure; mechanical
properties; deformation behavior
ID TI-5AL-2SN-2ZR-4MO-4CR ALLOY; MELTING DEPOSITION; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR;
TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; EVOLUTION; STEEL; TRANSFORMATION; COMPONENTS
AB Laser additive manufacturing technology with powder feeding was employed to
repair wrought Ti17 titanium alloy with small surface defects. The microstructure,
micro-hardness and room temperature tensile properties of laser additive repaired
(LARed) specimen were investigated. The results show that, cellular substructures
are observed in the laser deposited zone (LDZ), rather than the typical alpha laths
morphology due to lack of enough subsequent thermal cycles. The cellular
substructures lead to lower micro-hardness in the LDZ compared with the wrought
substrate zone which consists of duplex microstructure. The tensile test results
indicate that the tensile deformation process of the LARed specimen exhibits a
characteristic of dramatic plastic strain heterogeneity and fracture in the laser
repaired zone with a mixed dimple and cleavage mode. The tensile strength of the
LARed specimen is slightly higher than that of the wrought specimen and the
elongation of 11.7% is lower.
C1 [Zhao, Zhuang; Chen, Jing; Zhang, Qiang; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Wei-dong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi,
Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Zhuang; Chen, Jing; Zhang, Qiang; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Wei-dong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, Key Lab Met High Performance Addit Mfg & Innovat,
Minist Ind & Informat Technol, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat
Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Chen, J (reprint author),
Northwestern Polytech Univ, Key Lab Met High Performance Addit Mfg & Innovat,
Minist Ind & Informat Technol, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM phd2003cjj@nwpu.edu.cn
FU National Key Technologies R&D Program, China [2016YFB11000100]; Research
Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU),
China [KP201611]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51475380]
FX Project (2016YFB11000100) supported by the National Key Technologies R&D
Program, China; Project (KP201611) supported by Research Fund of the
State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China; Project
(51475380) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
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5
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Zhu FP, 2015, OPT LASER ENG, V65, P81, DOI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2014.06.013
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
J9 T NONFERR METAL SOC
JI Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 27
IS 12
BP 2613
EP 2621
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60289-9
PG 9
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA FR4YW
UT WOS:000419074000009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Vastola, G
Zhang, G
Pei, QX
Zhang, YW
AF Vastola, Guglielmo
Zhang, Gang
Pei, Qing Xiang
Zhang, Yong-Wei
TI Active Control of Microstructure in Powder-Bed Fusion Additive
Manufacturing of Ti6Al4V
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; martensite; microstructure control; powder-bed
fusion; thermoelectric module; Ti6Al4V
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; COOLING RATE; TI-6AL-4V;
EVOLUTION; SOLIDIFICATION; TRANSFORMATION; DYNAMICS; POROSITY
AB Because of the complex interactions among the energy beam, the powder bed, and
the material phase transformations, powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing is
very sensitive to process parameters, such as beam power and scan speed. As a
result, the process window to produce fully-dense, ASTM-grade components is narrow.
In such scenario, envisioning further control of mechanical properties is very
challenging. As a departure from traditional attempts to control microstructure by
changing the process parameters, the authors propose the introduction of a
thermoelectric module (TEM) as an active device inside the build chamber. Using
process modeling, the authors show that by altering the heat flow into the material
through the TEM device, the volume fraction of martensite can be controlled in its
entire range. In particular, the authors show that modern TEM modules can deliver
sufficient thermal power to block the formation of martensite. As a result,
microstructure can be controlled locally while retaining the beam power and scan
speed optimal for part density and surface finish. While the results are
demonstrated for Ti6Al4V and the electron beam melting process, the concept is
general and, in principle, applicable to other materials and machines systems such
as IN781 and selective laser melting.
C1 [Vastola, Guglielmo; Zhang, Gang; Pei, Qing Xiang; Zhang, Yong-Wei] ASTAR, Dept
Engn Mech, Inst High Performance Comp, 1 Fusionopolis Way,Connexis 16-16, Singapore
138632, Singapore.
RP Zhang, G; Zhang, YW (reprint author), ASTAR, Dept Engn Mech, Inst High
Performance Comp, 1 Fusionopolis Way,Connexis 16-16, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
EM zhangg@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg; zhangyw@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
RI Zhang, Gang/B-2841-2013
FU Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore (A*STAR) [132
550 4103, 132 550 4106]
FX The authors acknowledge useful discussions with S.M.L. Nai, P. Wang, S.
Raghavan, W.J. Sin at A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing
Technology (SIMTech), and with X. Tan, Y. Kok, Prof. S.B. Tor at Nanyang
Technological University (NTU). This work was supported by the Agency
for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore (A*STAR) through the
Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program (grants 132 550 4103 and 132
550 4106).
CR Allazadeh M. R., 2009, THESIS
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[Anonymous], 2017, GUIDANCE NOTES CERTI
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1438-1656
EI 1527-2648
J9 ADV ENG MATER
JI Adv. Eng. Mater.
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 19
IS 12
AR 1700333
DI 10.1002/adem.201700333
PG 6
GA FQ0SP
UT WOS:000418067300007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Murr, LE
AF Murr, L. E.
TI Open-cellular metal implant design and fabrication for biomechanical
compatibility with bone using electron beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Open-cellular metal implants; Biomechanical compatibility; Electron beam
melting
ID TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS;
MAXILLOFACIAL IMPLANTS; FEMORAL OSTEOTOMY; NEXT-GENERATION; POROUS
TITANIUM; MESH ARRAYS; FOLLOW-UP; BIOMATERIALS
AB Implant history extends more than 4000 years in antiquity, with biocompatible
alloy implants extending over only 70 years. Over the past several decades, total
hip and knee replacements of Ti-6Al-4V and Co-Cr-Mo alloys have exhibited post
implantation life spans extending over 15 years; limited by infection, loosening,
stress shielding-related bone resorption and other mechanical failures. With the
advent of additive manufacturing technologies, such as electron beam melting (EBM)
over the past decade, personalized, patient-specific; porous (open-cellular)
implant components can be manufactured, and the integration of chemical, biological
and mechanical methods is able to optimize strategies for improving long-term
clinical outcomes. This review outlines these strategies, which include enhanced
osseointegration and vascularization prospects, and provides some evidence for, and
examples of, clinical trials representative of millions of implant surgeries world-
wide.
C1 [Murr, L. E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn, El Paso, TX 79968
USA.
[Murr, L. E.] Univ Texas El Paso, WM Keck Ctr Innovat 3D, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Murr, LE (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn, El
Paso, TX 79968 USA.
EM lemurr@utep.edu
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NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 21
U2 21
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 76
SI SI
BP 164
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.02.019
PG 14
GA FO2NW
UT WOS:000416617000018
PM 28259731
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Schutze, M
AF Schutze, Michael
TI The Role of Surface Protection for High-Temperature Performance of TiAl
Alloys
SO JOM
LA English
DT Review
ID THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS; GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; OXIDATION
RESISTANCE; WEAR-RESISTANCE; MICROSTRUCTURE; CORROSION; BEHAVIOR;
HALOGENS
AB In the temperature range where TiAl alloys are currently being used in jet
engine and automotive industries, surface reaction with the operating environment
is not yet a critical issue. Surface treatment may, however, be needed in order to
provide improved abrasion resistance. Development routes currently aim at a further
increase in operation temperatures in gas turbines up to 800A degrees C and higher,
and in automotive applications for turbocharger rotors, even up to 1050A degrees C.
In this case, oxidation rates may reach levels where significant metal consumption
of the load-bearing cross-section can occur. Another possibly even more critical
issue can be high-temperature-induced oxygen and nitrogen up-take into the metal
subsurface zone with subsequent massive ambient temperature embrittlement.
Solutions for these problems are based on a deliberate phase change of the metal
subsurface zone by diffusion treatments and by using effects such as the halogen
effect to change the oxidation mechanism at high temperatures. Other topics of
relevance for the use of TiAl alloys in high-temperature applications can be high-
temperature abrasion resistance, thermal barrier coatings on TiAl and surface
quality in additive manufacturing, in all these cases-focusing on the role of the
operation environment. This paper addresses the recent developments in these areas
and the requirements for future work.
C1 [Schutze, Michael] DECHEMA, Forschungsinst, Theodor Heuss Allee 25, D-60486
Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Schutze, M (reprint author), DECHEMA, Forschungsinst, Theodor Heuss Allee 25, D-
60486 Frankfurt, Germany.
EM schuetze@dechema.de
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NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 12
BP 2602
EP 2609
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2595-0
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy;
Mining & Mineral Processing
GA FN7DK
UT WOS:000416178400027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Qian, M
Bourell, DL
AF Qian, M.
Bourell, D. L.
TI Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys
SO JOM
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
[Bourell, D. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn & Mat Sci & Engn, Austin, TX 78712
USA.
RP Qian, M (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic
3000, Australia.
EM ma.qian@rmit.edu.au; dbourell@mail.utexas.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 12
BP 2677
EP 2678
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2630-1
PG 2
GA FN7DK
UT WOS:000416178400041
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zielinski, J
Mindt, HW
Duchting, J
Schleifenbaum, JH
Megahed, M
AF Zielinski, Jonas
Mindt, Hans-Wilfried
Duechting, Jan
Schleifenbaum, Johannes Henrich
Megahed, Mustafa
TI Numerical and Experimental Study of Ti6Al4V Components Manufactured
Using Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
AB Powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of titanium alloys is an interesting
manufacturing route for many applications requiring high material strength combined
with geometric complexity. Managing powder bed fusion challenges, including
porosity, surface finish, distortions and residual stresses of as-built material,
is the key to bringing the advantages of this process to production main stream.
This paper discusses the application of experimental and numerical analysis towards
optimizing the manufacturing process of a demonstration component. Powder
characterization including assessment of the reusability, assessment of material
consolidation and process window optimization is pursued prior to applying the
identified optima to study the distortion and residual stresses of the
demonstrator. Comparisons of numerical predictions with measurements show good
correlations along the complete numerical chain.
C1 [Zielinski, Jonas; Schleifenbaum, Johannes Henrich] RWTH Aachen Univ Digital
Addit Prod, Aachen, Germany.
[Mindt, Hans-Wilfried; Megahed, Mustafa] ESI Grp, Essen, Germany.
[Zielinski, Jonas; Duechting, Jan; Schleifenbaum, Johannes Henrich] Fraunhofer
Inst Laser Technol, Aachen, Germany.
RP Zielinski, J (reprint author), RWTH Aachen Univ Digital Addit Prod, Aachen,
Germany.; Zielinski, J (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Laser Technol, Aachen,
Germany.
EM Jonas.Zielinski@DAP.Rwth-Aachen.de; mme@esi-group.com
FU European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [690725]
FX The authors acknowledge the financial support of European Union's
Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement
690725.
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Zhou J, 2006, J HEAT TRANS-T ASME, V128, P680, DOI 10.1115/1.2194043
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 12
BP 2711
EP 2718
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2596-z
PG 8
GA FN7DK
UT WOS:000416178400047
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Dong, BS
Pan, ZX
Shen, C
Ma, Y
Li, HJ
AF Dong, Bosheng
Pan, Zengxi
Shen, Chen
Ma, Yan
Li, Huijun
TI Fabrication of Copper-Rich Cu-Al Alloy Using the Wire-Arc Additive
Manufacturing Process
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM ALUMINIDES;
WT.PERCENT-AL; BEHAVIOR; CORROSION
AB An innovative wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process is used to
fabricate Cu-9 at. pct Al on pure copper plates in situ, through separate feeding
of pure Cu and Al wires into a molten pool, which is generated by the gas tungsten
arc welding (GTAW) process. After overcoming several processing problems, such as
opening the deposition molten pool on the extremely high-thermal conductive copper
plate and conducting the Al wire into the molten pool with low feed speed, the
copper-rich Cu-Al alloy was successfully produced with constant predesigned Al
content above the dilution-affected area. Also, in order to homogenize the as-
fabricated material and improve the mechanical properties, two further
homogenization heat treatments at 1073 K (800 A degrees C) and 1173 K (900 A
degrees C) were applied. The material and mechanical properties of as-fabricated
and heat-treated samples were compared and analyzed in detail. With increased
annealing temperatures, the content of precipitate phases decreased and the samples
showed gradual improvements in both strength and ductility with little variation in
microstructures. The present research opened a gate for in-situ fabrication of Cu-
Al alloy with target chemical composition and full density using the additive
manufacturing process.
C1 [Dong, Bosheng; Pan, Zengxi; Shen, Chen; Ma, Yan; Li, Huijun] Univ Wollongong,
Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong,
NSW 2522, Australia.
EM zengxi@uow.edu.au
OI Shen, Chen/0000-0002-7687-6418
FU University of Wollongong (UOW); Welding Technology Institute of
Australia (WTIA)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the University of
Wollongong (UOW) and the Welding Technology Institute of Australia
(WTIA) and the use of the facilities within the UOW Electron Microscopy
Centre. The authors also acknowledge Professor Zhengyi Jiang and Mr. Yi
Yan for their help using the KTL 1400 tube furnace in their research
group.
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Zhang YM, 1999, WELD J, V78, p202S
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
J9 METALL MATER TRANS B
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. B-Proc. Metall. Mater. Proc. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 48
IS 6
BP 3143
EP 3151
DI 10.1007/s11663-017-1071-0
PG 9
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA FN2FJ
UT WOS:000415806100030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Lis, A
Dawson, K
Stiefel, M
Pecnik, C
Barras, J
Colella, A
Hauser, C
Tatlock, GJ
Leinenbach, C
Wegener, K
AF Kenel, C.
Lis, A.
Dawson, K.
Stiefel, M.
Pecnik, C.
Barras, J.
Colella, A.
Hauser, C.
Tatlock, G. J.
Leinenbach, C.
Wegener, K.
TI Mechanical performance and oxidation resistance of an ODS gamma-TiAl
alloy processed by spark plasma sintering and laser additive
manufacturing
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-TiAl; Oxide dispersion strengthened; Additive manufacturing; Spark
plasma sintering; Mechanical properties; Oxidation resistance
ID INTERMETALLIC MATRIX COMPOSITES; TITANIUM ALUMINIDE-MATRIX; GRAIN-SIZE;
BEHAVIOR; YTTRIUM; IMPROVEMENT; DISPERSION; ELEMENTS
AB In this work, the influence of Y2O3 additions on the mechanical properties and
oxidation resistance of a Ti-45Al-3Nb (at.%) alloy have been studied. In
particular, the mechanical properties from 293 K to 1073 K and oxidation resistance
at 1073 K of spark plasma sintered and direct metal deposited material have been
examined. At room temperature, higher yield stress (+ 34%) and ultimate tensile
strength (+ 14%) at reduced ductility (- 17%) is observed for the oxide dispersion
strengthened variant compared to its non-strengthened counterpart. The strengthened
variant shows superior strength retention up to 1073 K. Strengthened direct metal
deposited material shows similar deformation characteristics as sintered material
but suffers from premature fracture due to residual porosity. The addition of Y2O3
increases the oxidation resistance of both sintered and direct metal deposited
material. Parabolic growth constants are decreased by -49% and -75% in sintered and
direct metal deposited material, respectively. In sintered material the dispersoid
size shows only slight changes from 29 nm to 26 nm at 923 K after 987 h and to 32
nm at 1073 K after 924 h demonstrating the high stability of the added particles.
TEM analysis reveals abundant grain boundary pinning by the particles contributing
to microstructural stability. The results show the potential of oxide dispersion
strengthening in titanium aluminides for conventional sintering as well as for
additive manufacturing processing routes.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Lis, A.; Stiefel, M.; Pecnik, C.; Leinenbach, C.] Empa Swiss Fed
Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Kenel, C.; Wegener, K.] ETH, IWF Inst Machine Tools & Mfg, Leonhardstr 21,
Zurich, Switzerland.
[Lis, A.] Osaka Univ, Div Mat & Mfg Sci, Grad Sch Engn, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
[Dawson, K.; Tatlock, G. J.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Ctr Mat & Struct,
Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England.
[Barras, J.; Hauser, C.] TWI Technol Ctr Yorkshire, Adv Mfg Pk,Wallis Way,
Catcliffe Rotherham S60 5TZ, England.
[Colella, A.] MBN Nanomat SpA, Via G Bortolan 42, I-31050 Vascon Di Carbonera,
TV, Italy.
RP Leinenbach, C (reprint author), Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol,
Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
EM Christian.Leinenbach@empa.ch
FU European Union [310279]
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Union Seventh Framework Program [FP7/2007-2013] under grant
agreement no. 310279 (OXIGEN).
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Z
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 91
BP 169
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2017.09.004
PG 12
GA FK3LN
UT WOS:000413386700023
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Capuano, R
Fend, T
Stadler, H
Hoffschmidt, B
Pitz-Paal, R
AF Capuano, Raffaele
Fend, Thomas
Stadler, Hannes
Hoffschmidt, Bernhard
Pitz-Paal, Robert
TI Optimized volumetric solar receiver: Thermal performance prediction and
experimental validation
SO RENEWABLE ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Concentrated solar power (CSP); Volumetric solar receiver; Porous
microstructure; CFD numerical simulation; Experimental validation
AB In the last decade, different absorber geometries, such as foams and honeycombs,
have been tested at laboratory or industrial scale in order to achieve high
performance in the conversion of the solar radiation into usable heat, with the
current state-of-the-art, the HiTRec-II monolithic honeycomb, characterized by a
square-channel section and made out of siliconized silicon carbide (SiSiC). Such
geometry has been so far the best compromise for large-scale application thanks to
the low production costs, easy manufacturability through extrusion procedure and
overall acceptable performance. However, it does present some drawbacks, since the
geometry is not able to contain the radiative heat losses, especially from the
front surface. An optimized absorber geometry, capable to reduce overall thermal
losses, is presented in this work, being able to increase the final thermal
efficiency of more than 12% compared to the current state-of-the-art and showing
the presence of the so-called volumetric effect, since the outlet fluid temperature
is higher than the solid inlet temperature. A test sample has been produced for
laboratory-scale experiments, in the form of a 3:1 scaled prototype through
additive manufacturing procedure, using a titanium-aluminium alloy (Ti6A14V) and
the experimental results were in good agreement with the numerical calculation,
with a deviation of 3%, computed considering a 3:1 Ti6A14V scaled-up sample. As the
manufacturing technology will progress and become cheaper in the near future, it
will be possible to improve the overall Solar Power Tower (SPT) plants performance
using advanced micro-geometry for open volumetric receivers. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Capuano, Raffaele; Stadler, Hannes] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Solar Res, Prof
Rehm Str 1, Julich, Germany.
[Capuano, Raffaele] Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO NV, Thor Pk, B-3600 Genk,
Belgium.
[Fend, Thomas; Hoffschmidt, Bernhard; Pitz-Paal, Robert] German Aerosp Ctr DLR,
Inst Solar Res, Cologne, Germany.
RP Capuano, R (reprint author), Flemish Inst Technol Res VITO NV, Thor Pk, B-3600
Genk, Belgium.
FU Ministry of Innovation, Science and Research of the State of North
Rhine-Westphalia (MIWF NRW), Germany [323-2010-006 (Start-SF)]
FX This work was carried out with financial support from the Ministry of
Innovation, Science and Research of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia
(MIWF NRW), Germany under contract 323-2010-006 (Start-SF).
CR Capuano R, 2016, German Patent and Trade Mark Office(DPMA), Patent No.
202016003017
Capuano R., 2015, ASME 2015 INT MECH B, V8
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PI OXFORD
SN 0960-1481
J9 RENEW ENERG
JI Renew. Energy
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 114
BP 556
EP 566
DI 10.1016/j.renene.2017.07.071
PN B
PG 11
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels
GA FJ3CD
UT WOS:000412607000021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bruschi, S
Bertolini, R
Ghiotti, A
AF Bruschi, Stefania
Bertolini, Rachele
Ghiotti, Andrea
TI Coupling machining and heat treatment to enhance the wear behaviour of
an Additive Manufactured Ti6Al4V titanium alloy
SO TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sliding contact; Coefficient of friction; Wear measurement; Adhesive
wear
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; WROUGHT; DRY
AB The effect of coupling machining with a subsequent heat treatment on the wear
behaviour of the Ti6Al4V alloy produced by Electron Beam Melting (EBM) was
investigated. Reciprocating sliding wear tests in saline solution and temperature-
controlled environment were performed. Results showed that the heat-treated
cylinders presented a lower coefficient of friction, less wear rate and higher
degree of adhesive wear compared to the not heat treated ones. It was then
demonstrated that coupling machining and heat treatment had a synergistic effect
that can be used as an efficient strategy in order to improve the EBM Ti6Al4V wear
resistance.
C1 [Bruschi, Stefania; Bertolini, Rachele; Ghiotti, Andrea] Univ Padua, Padua,
Italy.
RP Bruschi, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Padua, Italy.
EM stefania.bruschi@unipd.it
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10.1016/j.surfcoat.2015.10.079
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10.11138/ccmbm/2013.10.1.034
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NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 34
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0301-679X
EI 1879-2464
J9 TRIBOL INT
JI Tribol. Int.
PD DEC
PY 2017
VL 116
BP 58
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2017.07.004
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA FH9OC
UT WOS:000411540600007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kearns, MA
Murray, K
Davies, PA
Johnston, MK
Ryabinin, V
Gonzalez, E
AF Kearns, Martin A.
Murray, Keith
Davies, Paul A.
Johnston, Mary Kate
Ryabinin, Viacheslav
Gonzalez, Erainy
TI STUDIES ON METAL INJECTION MOLDING OF MARAGING STEEL: MICROSTRUCTURE AND
PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POWDER METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER
AB Maraging steels are a special family of tough, ultra-high-strength alloys whose
strength derives not from precipitation of carbides as in most conventional steels,
but from a variety of strengthening mechanisms contributed by its component
elements. In particular, cobalt reduces stacking fault energy in the base Fe-Ni
martensite, making dislocation movement difficult, while a fine distribution of
nickel intermetallics with Mo, Ti, and Al contribute to precipitation hardening. In
wrought form it is used in aircraft undercarriage construction and more recently in
additive manufacturing, for conformal cooling tooling. The presence of elements
like Ti and Al in powder metallurgy (PM) alloys is known to present challenges
during sintering, and this may be one barrier to more widespread use of PM maraging
steel. Here, we report the effects of particle size and titanium content on
densification and mechanical properties of maraging steel and compare properties
with those of the wrought equivalent.
C1 [Kearns, Martin A.; Murray, Keith; Davies, Paul A.; Johnston, Mary Kate] Sanduik
Osprey Ltd, Red Jacket Works, Milland Rd, Neath SA11 1NJ, Wales.
[Ryabinin, Viacheslav; Gonzalez, Erainy] TCK SA, Zona Franca Ind Amer, Km 22,
Santo Domingo 15701, Dominican Rep.
RP Kearns, MA (reprint author), Sanduik Osprey Ltd, Red Jacket Works, Milland Rd,
Neath SA11 1NJ, Wales.
EM martin.keams@sandvik.com; marykate.johnston@sandvik.com
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NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 79
U2 79
PU AMER POWDER METALLURGY INST
PI PRINCETON
PA 105 COLLEGE ROAD EAST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA
SN 0888-7462
J9 INT J POWDER METALL
JI Int. J. Powder Metall.
PD WIN
PY 2017
VL 53
IS 1
BP 19
EP 26
PG 8
GA EW8PB
UT WOS:000402779500003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Dasargyri, G
Bauer, T
Colella, A
Spierings, AB
Leinenbach, C
Wegener, K
AF Kenel, C.
Dasargyri, G.
Bauer, T.
Colella, A.
Spierings, A. B.
Leinenbach, C.
Wegener, K.
TI Selective laser melting of an oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS)
gamma-TiAl alloy towards production of complex structures
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-TiAl; Oxide dispersion strengthened; Additive manufacturing;
Selective laser melting
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER; FABRICATION;
DENUDATION; MECHANISMS; DENSITY; LAYERS; STEEL; PARTS
AB The selective laser melting of oxide dispersion strengthened Ti-45Al-3Nb-Y2O3
with a focus on processing parameters and layer-wise re-scanning strategies is
described. Smooth melt pools are observed in single line deposition for laser
powers of 100 to 200 W at low scanning speeds. Increased porosity is observed at
energies exceeding 150 W. Laser melting scans on sintered material show a common
behavior ofmelt pool width and depth as a function of radiant exposure at 100 to
200 W. Deep welding and keyhole formation is observed at 150 W to 200 W exceeding a
radiant exposure of 20J/mm(2). Re-scanning strategies inmulti-layer deposits are
found to reduce cracking frequency significantly. Re-scans with a 90 degrees
orientation are superior to scans with 0 degrees and 45 degrees with respect to the
initial deposition scan and reduce the cracking frequency by a factor of 2 without
preheating. In free-standing lattice structures re-scanning was found to be mostly
detrimental which is explained by their low heat transport towards the base plate.
The results clearly demonstrate the potential of re-scanning strategies in
manufacturing of structural intermetallics at ambient temperatures, which are
usually processed at high preheating temperatures. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Dasargyri, G.; Leinenbach, C.] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci &
Technol, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Kenel, C.; Bauer, T.; Wegener, K.] ETH, IWF Inst Machine Tools & Mfg,
Leonhardstr 21, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Bauer, T.; Spierings, A. B.] Inspire AG, Icams, Lerchenfeldstr 5, St Gallen,
Switzerland.
TV, Italy.
FU European Union Seventh Framework Program [310279]
European Union Seventh Framework Program [FP7/2007-2013] under grant
agreement no. 310279 (OXIGEN).
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NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 46
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 15
PY 2017
VL 134
BP 81
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.08.034
PG 10
GA FI3UT
UT WOS:000411896200009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ahmadi, SM
Hedayati, R
Jain, RKAK
Li, Y
Leeflang, S
Zadpoor, AA
AF Ahmadi, S. M.
Hedayati, R.
Jain, R. K. Ashok Kumar
Li, Y.
Leeflang, S.
Zadpoor, A. A.
TI Effects of laser processing parameters on the mechanical properties,
topology, and microstructure of additively manufactured porous metallic
biomaterials: A vector-based approach
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous biomaterials; SLM; Additive manufacturing; Exposure time; Laser
power; Mechanical properties
ID UNIT CELLS; LATTICE STRUCTURES; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
TI-6AL-4V; IMPLANTS; PREDICTION; POWDER; EBM
AB Additively manufactured (AM) porous structures are a new class of biomaterials
with many advantages as compared to conventionally produced biomaterials. The goal
of this study was to find out how the laser processing parameters including laser
power and exposure time affect the mechanical properties, topology, and
microstructure of porous biomaterials AM using a novel vector-based approach.
Several cylindrical porous specimens were additively manufactured using a wide
range of exposure time and laser power. The effects of those parameters on the
surface roughness, strut diameter, relative density, hardness, elastic modulus,
yield stress, first maximum stress, and plateau stress of the porous structures
were studied. The results showed that the rate of change in mechanical and
topological properties with respect to exposure time was non-linear while it was
linear with respect to the laser power. The results also showed that the effects of
laser power and exposure time on the mechanical properties and topology of AM
porous structures could be decoupled from each other, enabling derivation of
predictive emperical relationships. The emperical and experimental curves showed
very good agreement, which further validates the validity of the separation method
used for obtaining the emperical relationships. The analytical relationships for
elastic modulus and yield stress that we had obtained in a previous study could
predict the elastic modulus and yield stress of the porous strucutres when the
energy input was high enough (i.e. exposure times >= 450 mu s), because the local
mechanical properties of the matrix material decreased for the lower levels of
energy input. The change in the mechanical properties of the bulk material due to
change in laser processing parameters should thus be taken into account. (C) 2017
Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ahmadi, S. M.; Hedayati, R.; Jain, R. K. Ashok Kumar; Li, Y.; Leeflang, S.;
Zadpoor, A. A.] Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn, Dept
Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
RP Hedayati, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Fac Mech Maritime &
Mat Engn, Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM r.hedayati@tudelft.nl
RI Zadpoor, Amir A/A-8510-2008
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NR 43
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 36
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 15
PY 2017
VL 134
BP 234
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.08.046
PG 10
GA FI3UT
UT WOS:000411896200025
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Holland, ET
Rosen, YJ
Materise, N
Woollett, N
Voisin, T
Wang, YM
Torres, SG
Mireles, J
Carosi, G
DuBois, JL
AF Holland, Eric T.
Rosen, Yaniv J.
Materise, Nicholas
Woollett, Nathan
Voisin, Thomas
Wang, Y. Morris
Torres, Sharon G.
Mireles, Jorge
Carosi, Gianpaolo
DuBois, Jonathan L.
TI High-kinetic inductance additive manufactured superconducting microwave
cavity
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER; TEMPERATURES; ALLOYS
AB Investigations into the microwave surface impedance of superconducting
resonators have led to the development of single photon counters that rely on
kinetic inductance for their operation, while concurrent progress in additive
manufacturing, "3D printing," opens up a previously inaccessible design space for
waveguide resonators. In this manuscript, we present results from the synthesis of
these two technologies in a titanium, aluminum, vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V)
superconducting radio frequency resonator which exploits a design unattainable
through conventional fabrication means. We find that Ti-6Al-4V has two distinct
superconducting transition temperatures observable in heat capacity measurements.
The higher transition temperature is in agreement with DC resistance measurements,
while the lower transition temperature, not previously known in the literature, is
consistent with the observed temperature dependence of the superconducting
microwave surface impedance. From the surface reactance, we extract a London
penetration depth of 8 +/- 3 mu m roughly an order of magnitude larger than other
titanium alloys and several orders of magnitude larger than other conventional
elemental superconductors. (c) 2017 Author(s).
C1 [Holland, Eric T.; Rosen, Yaniv J.; Materise, Nicholas; Woollett, Nathan;
Voisin, Thomas; Wang, Y. Morris; Torres, Sharon G.; Carosi, Gianpaolo; DuBois,
Jonathan L.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Mireles, Jorge] Univ Texas El Paso, WM Keck Ctr, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Holland, ET (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550
USA.
EM holland25@llnl.gov
RI Wang, Yinmin (Morris)/F-2249-2010
FU U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Laboratory Directed Research and Development
[16-SI-004. LLNL-JRNL-733239]
FX We would like to thank Scott McCall for assistance with the PPMS system,
Will Oliver for providing the aluminum planar resonators, and Sean
Durham and Jesse Hamblen for solving all our problems. This work was
performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344. This work was supported by the Laboratory Directed
Research and Development under Grant No. 16-SI-004. LLNL-JRNL-733239.
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD NOV 13
PY 2017
VL 111
IS 20
AR 202602
DI 10.1063/1.5000241
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA FN0DT
UT WOS:000415648000032
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Matheson, KE
Cross, KK
Nowell, MM
Spear, AD
AF Matheson, Kristoffer E.
Cross, Kory K.
Nowell, Matthew M.
Spear, Ashley D.
TI A multiscale comparison of stochastic open-cell aluminum foam produced
via conventional and additive-manufacturing routes
LA English
DT Article
DE Casting Rapid solidification; Mechanical characterization; EBSD;
Tomography; Cellular materials
ID METALLIC FOAMS; LASER; COMPONENTS; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB With the exciting potential of additive manufacturing of metals to produce
geometrically complex structures come many unknowns and uncertainties regarding the
process-microstructure-property relationships of the additively manufactured (AM)
parts, especially in comparison to their conventionally manufactured counterparts.
This work attempts to elucidate some key differences between AM and cast parts by
conducting a multiscale comparison of samples that are intended to be identical,
except for the route by which each was manufactured. The samples of interest are
open-cell foams of an Al-Mg-Si alloy (Al 6061). The baseline open-cell foam is
conventionally produced via investment casting. Copies are produced using laser
powder bed fusion. Full-field deformation is characterized under compressive
loading using in-situ X-ray computed tomography. The foams are compared in terms of
global load versus displacement response, local failure mechanisms, and
characteristics of the grain structure.
C1 [Matheson, Kristoffer E.; Cross, Kory K.; Spear, Ashley D.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech
Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Nowell, Matthew M.] AMETEK Mat Anal Div, Draper, UT USA.
RP Spear, AD (reprint author), Univ Utah, 1550 Kennecott Bldg, Salt Lake City, UT
84112 USA.
EM ashley.spear@utah.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMREF-1629660]; Undergraduate Research
Opportunities Program (UROP) at the University of Utah; College of
Engineering, Office of the Vice President for Research; Utah Science
Technology and Research (USTAR) initiative of the State of Utah
FX Gratitude is expressed to Dr. Michael Czabaj of the Utah Composites
Laboratory for providing in-kind use of the Varian X-ray CT system. This
material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
(DMREF-1629660), and by funding from the Undergraduate Research
Opportunities Program (UROP) at the University of Utah awarded to Kory
Cross. This work was performed in part at the Utah Nanofab sponsored by
the College of Engineering, Office of the Vice President for Research,
and the Utah Science Technology and Research (USTAR) initiative of the
State of Utah. The authors appreciate the support of the staff and
facilities that made this work possible, including Dr. Paulo Perez. The
authors also acknowledge Dr. Anthony Rollett for valuable discussions
that influenced portions of the data analysis described in the
manuscript.
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[Anonymous], 2012, AF279212A ASTM INT
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD NOV 7
PY 2017
VL 707
BP 181
EP 192
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.08.102
PG 12
GA FL3FL
UT WOS:000414108200023
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZQ
Stoica, AD
Ma, D
Beese, AM
AF Wang, Zhuqing
Stoica, Alexandru D.
Ma, Dong
Beese, Allison M.
TI Stress relaxation behavior and mechanisms in Ti-6Al-4V determined via in
situ neutron diffraction: Application to additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; Stress relaxation; Neutron diffraction; Additive
manufacturing
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION; STAINLESS-STEEL; RESIDUAL-STRESS;
TRANSFORMED MICROSTRUCTURE; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; CONSTITUTIVE
ANALYSIS; INCONEL 625; TITANIUM; ALLOYS; DISTORTION
AB The complex thermal histories present during additive manufacturing (AM) of
metals result in the generation of residual stresses, which may result in
distortion and early failure of the fabricated component. The amount of residual
stress built up or relieved during deposition depends on the stress relaxation
behavior of the deposited material as well as the substrate onto which the
component is built, over the typical timescale for depositing a few layers in AM
(seconds to minutes), which corresponds to the timescale over which the material is
subjected to both stress and elevated temperature. This work presents a method for
investigating stress relaxation behavior and mechanisms in conventionally processed
and additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V (CP Ti-6Al-4V and AM Ti 6Al-4V) through
compression tests at 600 degrees C and 700 degrees C with in situ neutron
diffraction. The results show that with an applied plastic deformation, 60-80% of
the initial stress in Ti-6Al-4V was relieved in ten minutes and the stress
stabilized at a negligibly low level. With the same applied strain, the stress
relaxation rate at 700 degrees C was 2-4 times higher than that at 600 degrees C,
and the peak stress at 600 degrees C was twice as high as that at 700 degrees C. It
was determined that neither stress partitioning nor phase transformation were
active in Ti-6Al-4V at the temperatures studied. Thus, it was hypothesized that the
stress relaxation was primarily due to dislocation glide and climb. The presently
reported relaxation behavior can be used in the development and validation of
thermomechanical models used to predict and mitigate residual stresses and
distortion in AM, or to predict distortion in Ti-6Al-4V used in structural
applications at elevated temperatures.
C1 [Wang, Zhuqing; Beese, Allison M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Stoica, Alexandru D.; Ma, Dong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Chem & Engn Mat Div,
Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Beese, AM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk,
PA 16802 USA.
EM amb961@psu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1402978]; Oak Ridge Associated
Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award; Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; U.S.
Department of Energy
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National
Science Foundation through award number CMMI-1402978. Any opinions,
findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material
are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
National Science Foundation. AMB acknowledges funding from the Oak Ridge
Associated Universities Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award.
Additively manufactured samples were fabricated at the Center for
Innovative Materials Processing through Direct Digital Deposition
(CIMP-3D) at Penn State. A portion of this research at ORNL's Spallation
Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, and U.S. Department of Energy. We thank
Matthew Frost for the technical support at the VULCAN beamline.
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NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 26
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD NOV 7
PY 2017
VL 707
BP 585
EP 592
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.09.071
PG 8
GA FL3FL
UT WOS:000414108200066
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, A
Al-Ahmari, AM
Balla, VK
Das, M
Datta, S
Yadav, D
Ram, GDJ
AF Mohammad, Ashfaq
Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman M.
Balla, Vamsi Krishna
Das, Mitun
Datta, Susmit
Yadav, Devinder
Ram, G. D. Janaki
TI In vitro wear, corrosion and biocompatibility of electron beam melted
gamma-TiAl
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Titanium aluminide; Wear;
Corrosion; Biocompatibility
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; LOW-ANGLE BOUNDARIES; TI-48AL-2CR-2NB
AT.PERCENT; PROTEIN ADSORPTION; SOLID-SURFACES; MICROSTRUCTURE;
BEHAVIOR; SOLIDIFICATION; SUPERALLOYS
AB Electron beam melting (EBM), a powder bed fusion based additive manufacturing
process, has been used to fabricate Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb gamma-TiAl samples. The
sampleswere evaluated for their potential use in biomedical applications in terms
of in vitro wear, corrosion and biocompatibility in as-deposited (AD) and hot
isostatically pressed (HIPed) conditions. The samples were found to exhibit a
lamellar microstructure consisting of gamma-TiAl and Ti3Al (alpha(2)) phases in
both the conditions. However, their in vitro wear and corrosion performance in
Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), with and without fetal bovine serum (FBS),
was found to be very different. The AD samples exhibited comparable passive
behavior to commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti). Their corrosion potentials and
currents were better than those of CP-Ti. The gamma-TiAl samples exhibited wear
rates of the order of 10(-4) mm(3)/N center dot m in HBSS. The presence of FBS was
found to increase the corrosion and the wear rate of this alloy increased by 65%.
In vitro cell culture experiments, using NIH3T3 cells, demonstrated that the EBM
processed gamma-TiAl is non-toxic and can allow cell adhesion and proliferation as
effectively as CP-Ti. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mohammad, Ashfaq] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, FARCAMT Chair, Riyadh 11421,
Saudi Arabia.
[Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, FARCAMT Chair, Adv Mfg
Inst,Ind Engn Dept, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Balla, Vamsi Krishna; Das, Mitun; Datta, Susmit] Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst,
CSIR, Bioceram & Coating Div, 196 Raja SC Mullick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India.
[Ram, G. D. Janaki] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Madras 600036,
Tamil Nadu, India.
[Yadav, Devinder] Indian Inst Sci, Dept Mat Engn, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka,
India.
RP Balla, VK (reprint author), Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, CSIR, Bioceram &
Coating Div, 196 Raja SC Mullick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India.; Mohammad, A (reprint
author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, POB 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM mashfaq@ksu.edu.sa; vamsiballa@cgcri.res.in
RI Balla, Vamsi/A-7287-2010
OI Balla, Vamsi/0000-0003-2796-7302
FU National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King
Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[11-ADV1494-02]
FX This project was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and
Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Award Number (11-ADV1494-02).
CR Bello SA, 2010, J MATER SCI-MATER M, V21, P1739, DOI 10.1007/s10856-010-4016-6
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NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 19
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 5
PY 2017
VL 133
BP 186
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.07.065
PG 9
GA FH7JY
UT WOS:000411364800020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Surmeneva, MA
Surmenev, R
Chudinova, EA
Koptioug, A
Tkachev, MS
Gorodzha, SN
Rannar, LE
AF Surmeneva, Maria A.
Surmenev, RomanA.
Chudinova, Ekaterina A.
Koptioug, Andrei
Tkachev, Mikhail S.
Gorodzha, Svetlana N.
Rannar, Lars-Erik
TI Fabrication of multiple-layered gradient cellular metal scaffold via
electron beam melting for segmental bone reconstruction
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V;
Compression testing; Scaffold
ID ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED BIOMATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS
BIOMATERIALS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; ORTHOPEDIC
IMPLANTS; TOPOLOGICAL DESIGN; TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM; POROSITY
AB The triple-and double-layered mesh Ti-based alloy scaffolds were successfully
fabricated using electron beam melting (EBM). In this study Ti-based alloy
cylindrical scaffolds with different 3D architectures intended for the segmental
bone defect treatment were systematically compared. All lattice-like scaffolds were
additively manufactured using EBM technology from Ti6Al4V to mimic the structures
of human trabecular bone. Cylindrically-shaped lattice scaffolds (outer diameter of
15 mm and length of 35 mm) of five different types were designed and manufactured.
Four types were tubular with inner hole diameter of 5 mm and two lattice layers of
different density. Fifth type was cylindrical with three lattice layers of
different density. In all samples outer lattice layer was most dense, and inner
layers-least dense. Mechanical properties of scaffolds were determined by
conducting uniaxial compression testing. The strain-stress curves for all samples
with gradient porosities showed considerable ductility. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Surmeneva, Maria A.; Surmenev, RomanA.; Chudinova, Ekaterina A.; Tkachev,
Mikhail S.; Gorodzha, Svetlana N.] Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Ctr Technol,
Tomsk, Russia.
[Koptioug, Andrei; Rannar, Lars-Erik] Mid Sweden Univ, Ostersund, Sweden.
RP Surmeneva, MA (reprint author), Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Ctr Technol,
Tomsk, Russia.
EM feja-mari@yandex.ru
FU Russian Science Foundation [15-13-00043]
FX This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation
(15-13-00043).
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NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 19
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 5
PY 2017
VL 133
BP 195
EP 204
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.07.059
PG 10
GA FH7JY
UT WOS:000411364800021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, YH
Sun, J
Li, JF
Yan, YQ
Wang, P
AF Zhao, Yanhua
Sun, Jie
Li, Jianfeng
Yan, Yuqin
Wang, Ping
TI A comparative study on Johnson-Cook and modified Johnson-Cook
constitutive material model to predict the dynamic behavior laser
additive manufacturing FeCr alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacturing; High strain rate; Elevated temperature;
Johnson-Cook model; Modified Johnson-Cook model; Strain rate softening
effect
ID HIGH-STRAIN RATE; HOPKINSON PRESSURE-BAR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
TITANIUM-ALLOY; YIELD-STRESS; TEMPERATURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; STEEL; PHASE;
FLOW
AB An accurate prediction of flow behavior of metals considering the combined
effects of strain, strain rate and temperature is essential for understanding flow
response of metals, and a key requirement for numerical modeling and simulation of
machining. Thus, the effects of high strain rate and elevated temperature on the
deformation behaviors of FeCr alloy specimen, obtained by laser additive
manufacturing ( LAM), were investigated by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar tests with
the strain rates of 1000-8000 s(-1) and temperature range of 20-800 degrees C.
Strain rate softening effect was found at high strain rate and discussed. Based on
the experimental results, the Johnson-Cook model and modified Johnson-Cook model
were established for the LAM FeCr alloy. The predictions of these constitutive
models were compared using statistical measures like correlation coefficient and
absolute average error. Analysis of statistical measures reveals that J-C model has
more deviation from the experimental values. Whereas, the predictions of modified
J-C model are very close to the experimental results, which is better model for
predicting the dynamic behavior of the LAM FeCr alloy. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Zhao, Yanhua; Yan, Yuqin] Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Jinan
250101, Shandong, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Yanhua; Sun, Jie; Li, Jianfeng] Shandong Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Jinan
[Wang, Ping] SDEE Hitachi High Voltage Swichgear Co Ltd, Jinan 250100, Peoples R
China.
RP Zhao, YH (reprint author), Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Jinan
EM zhaoyanhua_007@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51605262]; China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M610439]; Shandong Provincial
Natural Science Foundation [ZR2016EEB17]
FX Authors acknowledge the financial support of National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. 51605262), China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation (Grant No. 2017M610439), and Shandong Provincial Natural
Science Foundation (Grant No. ZR2016EEB17) to carry out this research
work.
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EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD NOV 5
PY 2017
VL 723
BP 179
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.251
PG 9
GA FC7GM
UT WOS:000407009400024
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Porojan, L
Birdeanu, M
Savencu, C
Porojan, S
AF Porojan, Liliana
Birdeanu, Mihaela
Savencu, Cristina
Porojan, Sorin
TI Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Properties of Co-Cr Dental Alloys
Processed by Laser-based Methods
SO REVISTA DE CHIMIE
LA English
DT Article
DE dental alloys; additive manufacturing; surface morphology; corrosion
ID RESTORATIONS; FABRICATION; TECHNOLOGY; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; NICR
AB Technological developments have led to the implementation of novel digitalized
manufacturing methods for the production of metallic structures in prosthetic
dentistry, less studied to date. The objective of the study was to assess the
morphological characteristics and corrosion properties of selective laser sintered
(SLS) and selective laser melted (SLM) cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) dental alloys
related to the surface processing and pH variations. For the experimental analyses
metallic specimens made of Co-Cr dental alloys were prepared using SLS and SLM, as
indicated by the manufacturers. The morphology and the topography of the samples
were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.
Electrochemical measurements were made and the values for corrosion potential
(Ecorr), corrosion current (icorr) and corrosion rate were calculated. The immanent
advantages of additive technologies are accompanied by porosities resulted after
the deposition of the fine metallic powder, especially for the SLM method.
Considering the corrosion current density value a parameter which provides
information on the kinetics of the corrosion process, SLS samples showed better
performance under pH variations. Surface processing can result in an improvement in
the corrosion performance also for extreme pH values. Given that the microstructure
and corrosion behavior was significantly different, further differences in the
clinical behavior of prosthetic restorations manufactured using SLS and SLM
additive techniques are anticipated.
C1 [Porojan, Liliana; Savencu, Cristina] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Dent
Prostheses Technol, Specializat Dent Technol, Fac Dent, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Blvd,
Timisoara 300041, Romania.
[Birdeanu, Mihaela] Natl Inst Res & Dev Electrochem & Condensed Matte, 1
Plautius Andronescu Str, Timisoara 300224, Romania.
[Porojan, Sorin] Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Oral Rehabil, Fac Dent,
Specializat Dent Technol, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Blv, Timisoara 300041, Romania.
RP Porojan, S (reprint author), Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Oral Rehabil,
Fac Dent, Specializat Dent Technol, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Blv, Timisoara 300041,
Romania.
EM porojan_sorin@yahoo.com
FU Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation
CNCS-UEFISCDI [PN-RU-TE-2014-4-0476]
FX This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority
for Scientific Research and Innovation CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number
PN-RU-TE-2014-4-0476.
CR Al Jabbari YS, 2014, DENT MATER, V30, pE79, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.008
Alt V, 2011, DENT MATER, V27, P339, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2010.11.012
Bergman M, 1986, Int Dent J, V36, P41
Canay S, 1998, J ORAL REHABIL, V25, P759, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2842.1998.00302.x
Comaneanu RM, 2015, REV CHIM-BUCHAREST, V66, P312
Galo R, 2014, MAT SCI ENG C-MATER, V45, P519, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.006
Hancu V, 2014, REV CHIM-BUCHAREST, V65, P706
Miyazaki T, 2011, AUST DENT J, V56, P97, DOI 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01300.x
Quante K, 2008, DENT MATER, V24, P1311, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2008.02.011
van Noort R, 2012, DENT MATER, V28, P3, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2011.10.014
Willer J, 1998, J PROSTHET DENT, V80, P346, DOI 10.1016/S0022-3913(98)70136-2
Wylie CM, 2007, DENT MATER, V23, P714, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2006.06.011
Xin XZ, 2014, DENT MATER, V30, P263, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2013.11.013
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU CHIMINFORM DATA S A
PI BUCHAREST
PA CALEA PLEVNEI NR 139, SECTOR 6, BUCHAREST R-77131, ROMANIA
SN 0034-7752
J9 REV CHIM-BUCHAREST
JI Rev. Chim.
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 68
IS 11
BP 2538
EP 2541
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Chemistry; Engineering
GA FO3RW
UT WOS:000416751800014
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, FY
Xiong, W
Faierson, EJ
AF Yan, Fuyao
Xiong, Wei
Faierson, Eric J.
TI Grain Structure Control of Additively Manufactured Metallic Materials
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE metal additive manufacturing; grain morphology; grain size;
post-processing heat treatment
ID BEAM-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
INCLUSION FORMATION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; INCONEL 718; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE;
PERFORMANCE; DEPOSITION
AB Grain structure control is challenging for metal additive manufacturing (AM).
Grain structure optimization requires the control of grain morphology with grain
size refinement, which can improve the mechanical properties of additive
manufactured components. This work summarizes methods to promote fine equiaxed
grains in both the additive manufacturing process and subsequent heat treatment.
Influences of temperature gradient, solidification velocity and alloy composition
on grain morphology are discussed. Equiaxed solidification is greatly promoted by
introducing a high density of heterogeneous nucleation sites via powder rate
control in the direct energy deposition (DED) technique or powder surface treatment
for powder-bed techniques. Grain growth/coarsening during post-processing heat
treatment can be restricted by presence of nano-scale oxide particles formed in-
situ during AM. Grain refinement of martensitic steels can also be achieved by
cyclic austenitizing in post-processing heat treatment. Evidently, new alloy powder
design is another sustainable method enhancing the capability of AM for high-
performance components with desirable microstructures.
C1 [Yan, Fuyao] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA.
[Xiong, Wei] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
USA.
[Faierson, Eric J.] Western Illinois Univ, Quad City Mfg Lab, Rock Isl, IL 61201
USA.
RP Yan, FY (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL
60201 USA.; Xiong, W (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci,
Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
EM fuyaoyan2018@u.northwestern.edu; weixiong@pitt.edu; efaierson@qcml.org
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB13H194];
Digital Manufacturing and Design Innovation Institute [15-07-07]; ONR
[N00014-17-1-2586]; NASA ESI grant [NNX17AD11G]
FX The authors would like to thank the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) grant 70NANB13H194 and the Digital Manufacturing and
Design Innovation Institute project 15-07-07 for the support of the
preparation of this paper. Wei Xiong is grateful for the support from
ONR grant N00014-17-1-2586 and NASA ESI grant NNX17AD11G.
CR Al-Bermani SS, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS A, V41A, P3422, DOI 10.1007/s11661-010-
0397-x
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070115-032024
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Olson G. B., 1987, INNOVATIONS ULTRAHIG, P3
Qian M, 2010, ACTA MATER, V58, P3262, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.01.052
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Smith J, 2016, COMPUT MECH, V57, P583, DOI 10.1007/s00466-015-1240-4
Sochalski-Kolbus LM, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS A, V46A, P1419, DOI
10.1007/s11661-014-2722-2
StJohn DH, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS A, V46A, P4868, DOI 10.1007/s11661-015-2960-
y
Wei HL, 2015, SCI REP-UK, V5, DOI 10.1038/srep16446
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10.1038/npjcompumats.2015.9
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Yan F., ENGINEERING IN PRESS
Zhong Y, 2016, J NUCL MATER, V470, P170, DOI 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2015.12.034
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 11
AR 1260
DI 10.3390/ma10111260
PG 11
GA FO4BY
UT WOS:000416786200038
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kuo, CL
Su, CH
Chiang, A
AF Kuo, Chunliang
Su, Chihhao
Chiang, Anchun
TI Parametric Optimization of Density and Dimensions in Three-Dimensional
Printing of Ti-6Al-4V Powders on Titanium Plates Using Selective Laser
Melting
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Ti-6AL-4V powders; Density; Dimension accuracy;
Optimisation
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MANUFACTURE; ACCURACY; PRODUCTS; TRACKS; ALLOY
AB This work presents a powder bed-based additive manufacturing technique for the
consolidation of Ti-6Al-4V powders onto commercially pure titanium plates.
Experiments were conducted to investigate and explain the influence of various
process parameters, including laser power (100-200 W), exposure duration (50-175 mu
s) and point distance (35-70 mu m), on the material density and porosity of the
printed body; as well as the dimensional accuracy. A process parameter array was
created using fractional factorial tests (Taguchi L9) and the significance of the
operating factors was analysed using ANOVA. Thermally induced deflections in the Ti
plates were influenced by the volumetric energy density, variations in thermal
conductivity, scanning strategy and the layup orientation in laser scanning.
Furthermore, the geometry of the printed body was shown to alter the thermal stress
relief, leading to asymmetric deformation of the Ti plate. Statistical regression
models were used to balance the contradictory criteria of material density and
dimensional accuracy (Z1 variation). The lowest dimensional variation (Z1: 0.12 mm)
was produced using equal weightings (50%) for the factors dominating material
density and dimensional accuracy, respectively. In contrast, setting weighting
values of 80% for material density and 20% for dimensional accuracy resulted in the
highest material density (4.13 g/cm(3)).
C1 [Kuo, Chunliang; Su, Chihhao; Chiang, Anchun] Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol,
Sch Mech Engn, 43 Keelung Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
RP Kuo, CL (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Mech Engn, 43
Keelung Rd,Sec 4, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
EM chunliang.kuo@mail.ntust.edu.tw
FU Pegatron Corp [5309-0676]
FX The authors would like to thank Pegatron Corp for their financial
support (No. 5309-0676) and Renishaw Plc for their technical assistance.
In addition, we would like to thank the Department of Mechanical
Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology for
providing facilities for the metrological and metallurgical analysis
used in this research.
CR Ahn DG, 2016, INT J PR ENG MAN-GT, V3, P381, DOI 10.1007/s40684-016-0048-9
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10.1007/S12541-011-0125-5]
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10.1016/j.msea.2016.03.113
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.11.051
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.01.024
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Schwab H, 2016, MATER DESIGN, V105, P75, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.103
Shi XZ, 2017, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V90, P71, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.11.002
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.032
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[Anonymous], 2013, METAL POWDER REPORT, V68, P30
[Anonymous], 2014, METAL POWDER REPORT, V69, P42
[Anonymous], 2014, METAL POWDER REPORT, V69, P40, DOI 10.1016/S0026-
0657(14)70182-1
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU KOREAN SOC PRECISION ENG
PI SEOUL
PA RM 306, KWANGMYUNG BLDG, 5-4 NONHYUN-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL, 135-010,
SOUTH KOREA
SN 2234-7593
EI 2005-4602
J9 INT J PRECIS ENG MAN
JI Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf.
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 18
IS 11
BP 1609
EP 1618
DI 10.1007/s12541-017-0190-5
PG 10
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA FM6UA
UT WOS:000415194400015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Das, A
Shukla, M
AF Das, Ashish
Shukla, Mukul
TI Hydroxyapatite Coatings on High Nitrogen Stainless Steel by Laser Rapid
Manufacturing
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MICRO-ARC OXIDATION; SURFACE MODIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; THIN-FILMS;
TITANIUM; IMPLANTS; PLASMA; ALLOY; HIP; CYTOTOXICITY
AB In this research, the laser rapid manufacturing (LRM) additive manufacturing
process was used to deposit multifunctional hydroxyapatite (HAP) coatings on high
nitrogen stainless steel. LRM overcomes the limitations of conventional coating
processes by producing coatings with metallurgical bond, osseointegration, and
infection inhibition properties. The microstructure, microhardness, antibacterial
efficacy, and bioactivity of the coatings were investigated. The microstructure
studies established that the coatings consist of austenite dendrites with HAP and
some reaction products primarily occurring in the inter-dendritic regions. A
Vickers microhardness test confirmed the hardness values of deposited HAP coatings
to be higher than those of the bare 254SS samples, while a fluorescence activated
cell sorting test confirmed their superior antibacterial properties as compared
with pristine samples. The coated samples immersed in simulated body fluid showed
rapid apatite forming ability. The results obtained in this research signify the
potential application of the LRM process in synthesizing multifunctional
orthopaedic coatings.
C1 [Das, Ashish; Shukla, Mukul] MNNIT, Dept Mech Engn, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh,
India.
[Shukla, Mukul] Queens Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Belfast, Antrim, North
Ireland.
[Shukla, Mukul] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Technol, Johannesburg, South
Africa.
[Das, Ashish] KIIT Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
RP Das, A (reprint author), MNNIT, Dept Mech Engn, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh,
India.; Das, A (reprint author), KIIT Univ, Sch Mech Engn, Bhubaneswar, Orissa,
India.
EM ashishdas.1110@gmail.com; m.shukla@qub.ac.uk
FU Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India; University
of Johannesburg, South Africa
FX The use of synthesis, testing, and characterization facilities of RRCAT,
Indore (through Dr. C. P. Paul), IIT Kanpur, CIR (through Dr. Naresh
Kumar), CMDR, Biotechnology and Applied Mechanics Departments, MNNIT
Allahabad, are gratefully acknowledged. The authors would like to thank
the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, and the
University of Johannesburg, South Africa, for providing financial
support.
CR Afonso MLCA, 2008, COLLOID SURFACE A, V317, P760, DOI
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.11.014
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10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.09.019
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Wolkowicz R., 2013, BRENNERS ENCY GENETI, P4368
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 11
BP 2292
EP 2296
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2529-x
PG 5
GA FJ6FC
UT WOS:000412849100029
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Miller, AT
Safranski, DL
Wood, C
Guldberg, RE
Gall, K
AF Miller, Andrew T.
Safranski, David L.
Wood, Catherine
Guldberg, Robert E.
Gall, Ken
TI Deformation and fatigue of tough 3D printed elastomer scaffolds
processed by fused deposition modeling and continuous liquid interface
production
LA English
DT Article
DE Polyurethane (PU); Polycarbonate urethane (PCU); Fatigue; 3D printing;
Notch sensitivity; Printed architecture
ID POROUS-COATED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POLYCAPROLACTONE
SCAFFOLD; POLYCARBONATE-URETHANE; COMPRESSION FATIGUE; IMPLANT ALLOY;
BEHAVIOR; STRENGTH; POROSITY; POLYURETHANE
AB Polyurethane (PU) based elastomers continue to gain popularity in a variety of
biomedical applications as compliant implant materials. In parallel, advancements
in additive manufacturing continue to provide new opportunities for biomedical
applications by enabling the creation of more complex architectures for tissue
scaffolding and patient specific implants. The purpose of this study was to examine
the effects of printed architecture on the monotonic and cyclic mechanical behavior
of elastomeric PUs and to compare the structure property relationship across two
different printing approaches. We examined the tensile fatigue of notched
specimens, 3D crosshatch scaffolds, and two 3D spherical pore architectures in a
physically crosslinked poly carbonate urethane (PCU) printed via fused deposition
modeling (FDM) as well as a photo-cured, chemically-crosslinked, elastomeric PU
printed via continuous liquid interface production (CLIP). Both elastomers were
relatively tolerant of 3D geometrical features as compared to stiffer synthetic
implant materials such as PEEK and titanium. PCU and crosslinked PU samples with 3D
porous structures demonstrated a reduced tensile failure stress as expected without
a significant effect on tensile failure strain. PCU crosshatch samples demonstrated
similar performance in strain -based tensile fatigue as solid controls; however,
when plotted against stress amplitude and adjusted by porosity, it was clear that
the architecture had an impact on performance. Square shaped notches or pores in
crosslinked PU appeared to have a modest effect on strain -based tensile fatigue
while circular shaped notches and pores had little impact relative to smooth
samples. When plotted against stress amplitude, any differences in fatigue
performance were small or not statistically significant for crosslinked PU samples.
Despite the slight difference in local architecture and tolerances, crosslinked PU
solid samples were found to perform on par with PCU solid samples in tensile
fatigue, when appropriately adjusted for material hardness. Finally, tests of
samples with printed architecture localized to the gage section revealed an effect
in which fatigue performance appeared to drastically improve despite the
localization of strain.
C1 [Miller, Andrew T.; Guldberg, Robert E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Parker H Petit
Inst Bioengn & Biosci, 315 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Guldberg, Robert E.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, 801
Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Wood, Catherine; Gall, Ken] Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Box 90300
Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Safranski, David L.; Gall, Ken] MedShape Inc, 1575 Northside Dr,NW,Suite 440,
Atlanta, GA 30318 USA.
RP Miller, AT (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Parker H Petit Inst Bioengn &
Biosci, 315 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM ATM@gatech.edu; david.safranski@medshape.com; catherine.wood1@duke.edu;
robert.guldberg@ibb.gatech.edu; ken.gall@duke.edu
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NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 34
U2 34
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 75
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.038
PG 13
GA FJ7SK
UT WOS:000412959000001
PM 28689135
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Walker, KF
Liu, Q
Brandt, M
AF Walker, K. F.
Liu, Q.
Brandt, M.
TI Evaluation of fatigue crack propagation behaviour in Ti-6Al-4V
manufactured by selective laser melting
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 11th International Conference on Fatigue Damage of Structural Materials
CY SEP 18-24, 2016
CL Hyannis, MA
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Titanium alloy;
Fatigue; Fatigue crack growth
AB Total fatigue life performance of high. strength titanium alloy Ti-6A1-4V
manufactured by Additive Manufacturing (AM) based methods such as Selective Laser
Melting (SLM) is of significant interest and has gained much attention recently.
Researchers often compare the total fatigue life of materials manufactured from SLM
with conventional manufacture, and often the SLM lives are reduced because cracks
initiate from "defects" such as porosity or Lack of Fusion (LOF). But for repair
and alternative manufacture of complex and critical aerospace structures for
example, the crack growth propagation phase of the fatigue process is also very
important and it has not been studied as extensively. The aim of the work presented
here was to evaluate and better understand crack propagation under constant
amplitude loading in Ti-6A1-4V samples manufactured using SLM with a variety of
layer thicknesses and build directions (vertical or horizontal). The "as-
manufactured" condition was studied, with no post heat treatment. Cracks typically
initiated at LOF features which had a negative impact on the total fatigue life.
The focus here was on the crack growth phase. Modelling was performed "with a
conventional Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics approach using literature data
obtained from testing.on Compact Tension (C(T)) specimens which were also in the
as-manufactured condition with a variety of build directions. The modelling
provided a very useful correlation of the data and provided a way of assessing the
LOF features in terms of an equivalent initial crack. The crack growth properties
of the SLM cases were also compared against literature data for conventionally
manufactured material. The work will lead to a better understanding of fatigue
crack growth characteristics for components manufactured by AM methods such as SLM.
That understanding is an essential requirement for full certification and
acceptance into service for critical applications such as aerospace structures. (C)
2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Walker, K. F.; Liu, Q.] Def Sci & Technol Grp, Fishermans Bend, Australia.
[Brandt, M.] RMIT Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001,
Australia.
RP Walker, KF (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Grp, Fishermans Bend, Australia.
EM kevin.walker@dsto.defence.gov.au
CR Abe F, 2001, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V111, P210, DOI 10.1016/S0924-0136(01)00522-2
Barter SA, 2012, INT J FATIGUE, V41, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2011.10.017
Santos EC, 2006, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V46, P1459, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.09.005
Dhansay NM, 2014, ADV MAT RES, V1019, P248
Edwards P, 2015, FATIGUE FRACT ENG M, V38, P1228, DOI 10.1111/ffe.12303
Gunther J, 2017, INT J FATIGUE, V94, P236, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.018
Harter JA, 2004, AFRLVAWPTR2004
Huang Y, 2014, FRONTIERS ADDITIVE M
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
Li P, 2016, INT J FATIGUE, V85, P130, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.12.003
Liu QC, 2014, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V891-892, P1519, DOI
[10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.891-892.1519, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.891-
892.1524]
Molent L, 2016, INT J FATIGUE
10.1108/13552540710776142
Walker KF, 2017, INT J FATIGUE, V94, P288, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.06.031
[Anonymous], 2016, METALLIC MAT PROPERT
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 34
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 104
BP 302
EP 308
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.07.014
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA FH8DI
UT WOS:000411421600027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Dawson, K
Barras, J
Hauser, C
Dasargyri, G
Bauer, T
Colella, A
Spierings, AB
Tatlock, GJ
Leinenbach, C
Wegener, K
AF Kenel, C.
Dawson, K.
Barras, J.
Hauser, C.
Dasargyri, G.
Bauer, T.
Colella, A.
Spierings, A. B.
Tatlock, G. J.
Leinenbach, C.
Wegener, K.
TI Microstructure and oxide particle stability in a novel ODS gamma-TiAl
alloy processed by spark plasma sintering and laser additive
manufacturing
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma-TiAl; Oxide dispersion strengthened; Additive manufacturing; Spark
plasma sintering
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOYS; NB; SOLIDIFICATION; TEMPERATURES;
FABRICATION; DESIGN
AB In this work, a novel oxide dispersion strengthened titanium aluminide alloy
(Ti-45A1-3Nb- < 0.2Y(2)O(3) at.%) was developed for powder-based processing
technologies with a focus on spark plasma sintering and additive manufacturing.
Titanium aluminides are promising structural intermetallics for weight reduction-
and an increased performance of high temperature components. The alloy design and
selection process was supported by computational thermodynamics based on the
CALPHAD approach, taking into account requirements for processing as well as long
term alloy behavior under service conditions. Processing trials using spark plasma
sintering, direct metal deposition and selective laser melting were conducted to
study the alloy behavior, microstructure formation and introduction as well as
stability of the ODS particles. Additionally, thermal annealing on the sintered and
laser consolidated material was performed. Conventional dual phase alpha 2-Ti3A1
and gamma-TiAI duplex and near-lamellar microstructures were obtained from the
processed material. The ODS particles were homogeneously distributed in the alloy
matrix after processing in the liquid state. For the direct metal deposition
process, the novel alloy was compared to the established GE48-2-2 alloy (Ti-48A1-
2Cr-2Nb) in terms of phases, microstructure and texture after processing. A
significantly reduced texture formation was observed with the novel alloy. The
hardness of the consolidated material shows superior properties for ODS-containing
TiAl compared to ODS-free material. This work provides a first step towards
tailored alloys for AM and the production of ODS TiAl alloys.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Dasargyri, G.; Leinenbach, C.] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci &
Technol, Uberlandstr 129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Kenel, C.; Wegener, K.] ETH, IWF Inst Machine Tools & Mfg, Leonhardstr 21,
Zurich, Switzerland.
[Dawson, K.; Tatlock, G. J.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Ctr Mat & Struct,
Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside, England.
[Barras, J.; Hauser, C.] TWI Technol Ctr Yorkshire, Adv Mfg Pk,Wallis Way,
Rotherham S60 STZ, S Yorkshire, England.
[Bauer, T.; Spierings, A. B.] Inspire AG, Icams, Lerchenfeldstr 5, St Gallen,
Switzerland.
TV, Italy.
EM christian.leinenbach@empa.ch
FU European Union Seventh Framework Program [FP7] [310279]
FX The authors thank H.-R. Elsener for conducting the high -vacuum
annealing, A. Lis for the hardness measurements and S. Populoh and R.
Widmer for SPS consolidation. The research leading to these results has
received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program
[FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement no. 310279 (OXIGEN).
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10.1002/9783527636204
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Capdevila C, 2015, JOM-US, V67, P2208, DOI 10.1007/s11837-015-1559-5
SELECTIONS, P455
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.04.002
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10.1016/j.intermet.2014.01.004
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NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 22
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 90
BP 63
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2017.07.004
PG 11
GA FH9QP
UT WOS:000411547100010
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nikam, SH
Jain, NK
AF Nikam, Sagar H.
Jain, Neelesh K.
TI Three-dimensional thermal analysis of multi-layer metallic deposition by
micro-plasma transferred arc process using finite element simulation
LA English
DT Article
DE Mutli-layer metallic deposition; Micro-plasma; 3D-thermal analysis;
Finite element simulation; Ti-alloy; Additive layer manufacturing
ID FREEFORM FABRICATION PROCESS; NUMERICAL APPROACH; RESIDUAL-STRESSES;
LASER; TEMPERATURE; WIRE
AB Manufacturing of complex 3D-parts by micro-plasma transferred arc (mu-PTA)
powder deposition process involves repeated heating and cooling at the same
location causing thermal distortion and residual stresses in the substrate and
deposited material. Simulation of temperature distribution, thermal cycles and
temperature gradient can be helpful to predict thermal distortion and residual
stresses. This paper describes 3D-analysis of temperature distribution and thermal
cycles in multi-layer metallic deposition by mu-PTA process by finite element
simulation using temperature dependent properties of the deposition material.
Analysis was also done to study influence of deposition direction on temperature
distribution and temperature gradient in multi-layer metallic deposition. The
simulated results were experimentally verified on the mu-PTA process experimental
apparatus developed for temperature measurement depositing powder of titanium alloy
(Ti-6A1-4 V) on substrate of the same material. Good agreement is observed between
the simulated and experimental results. The results showed that temperature
increases with increase in the deposition height and the temperature gradient in
parallel deposition is higher than that in back and forth deposition. This implies
that parallel deposition exhibits better heat diffusion than back and forth
deposition. This work will be helpful in selection of optimum heat input, process
parameters and deposition direction in multi-layer metallic deposition by mu-PTA
process.
C1 [Nikam, Sagar H.; Jain, Neelesh K.] Indian Inst Technol Indore, Discipline Mech
Engn, Simrol 453552, MP, India.
RP Jain, NK (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol Indore, Discipline Mech Engn,
Simrol 453552, MP, India.
EM nkjain@iiti.ac.in
RI Nikam, Sagar/T-3403-2017
OI Jain, Neelesh Kumar/0000-0002-1168-0617
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
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6955(01)00093-1
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.11.022
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2009.07.004
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Zhao HH, 2011, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V211, P488, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.11.002
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 25
U2 25
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 249
BP 264
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.05.043
PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA FF6TK
UT WOS:000409149700028
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hu, YB
Li, JZ
AF Hu, Yingbin
Li, Jianzhi
TI Selective laser alloying of elemental titanium and boron powder: Thermal
models and experiment verification
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser alloying; Thermal model; Exothermic reaction; Selective
laser melting; Additive manufacturing
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPOSITION
AB The purpose of this article was to introduce the concept of selective laser
alloying (SLA) to print 3D parts directly from elemental powders, and report
findings on an investigation of the governing thermal models of the process.
Considering the effects of exothermic reaction between Ti and B during the
alloying, process, thermal models with three group of parameters were developed to
predict the phenomena induced in the selective laser alloying process. To validate
these models, a series of experiments, with different molar ratios between Ti and
B, were conducted on Renishaw AM250 using premixed elemental Ti and B powders. The
experiments validated the SLA concept and the results matched consistently with the
models' predictions, which validated the models.
C1 [Hu, Yingbin; Li, Jianzhi] Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, Dept Mfg & Ind Engn,
Edinburg, TX 78539 USA.
RP Li, JZ (reprint author), Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, Dept Mfg & Ind Engn,
Edinburg, TX 78539 USA.
EM jianzhi.li@utrgv.edu
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Barin I., 1997, THERMOCHEMICAL DATA
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10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.11.035
Chase M., 1998, J PHYS CHEM REF DATA, V9
[Anonymous], 2013, COMM IS AB AT WEIGHT
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.06.025
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.06.023
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NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 28
U2 28
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 249
BP 426
EP 432
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.06.029
PG 7
Multidisciplinary
GA FF6TK
UT WOS:000409149700045
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, C
Andani, MT
Qin, HF
Moghaddam, NS
Ibrahim, H
Jahadakbar, A
Amerinatanzi, A
Ren, ZC
Zhang, H
Doll, GL
Dong, YL
Elahinia, M
Ye, C
AF Ma, Chi
Andani, Mohsen Taheri
Qin, Haifeng
Ibrahim, Hamdy
Jahadakbar, Ahmadreza
Ren, Zhencheng
Zhang, Hao
Doll, Gary L.
Dong, Yalin
Elahinia, Mohammad
Ye, Chang
TI Improving surface finish and wear resistance of additive manufactured
nickel-titanium by ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; NiTi; Ultrasonic nanocrystal surface
modification; Surface finish; Porosity; Wear resistance; Corrosion
resistance
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION BEHAVIOR;
STAINLESS-STEEL; HEAT-TREATMENT; CP TITANIUM; NITI ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; IMPLANTS; CARCINOGENICITY
AB Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys have great potential to be used as biomedical
implants or devices due to their unique functional properties (i.e., shape memory
properties and superelastic behavior). The machining difficulty associated with
NiTi alloys is impeding their wide application. Additive manufacturing (AM),
however, provides an alternative method to manufacture NiTi structures. One major
concern associated with NiTi devices fabricated in this route is the potential for
the release of toxic Ni ions due to the poor surface finish as well as high surface
porosity. In this study, NiTi samples were produced using selective laser melting,
the most common AM techniques. Then, an innovative surface processing technique,
ultrasonic nano-crystal surface modification (UNSM), was used to mitigate the
potential for the Ni ions release. By simultaneous ultrasonic striking and
burnishing, UNSM can significantly improve surface finish and decrease surface
porosity. In addition, UNSM induces plastic strain which in turn hardens the
surface layer. The synergistic effect of better surface finish, lower subsurface
porosity, and a hardened surface layer resulted in higher wear and corrosion
resistance. It is therefore expected that UNSM can be potentially used to treat
biomedical devices.
C1 [Ma, Chi; Ren, Zhencheng; Zhang, Hao; Dong, Yalin; Ye, Chang] Univ Akron, Dept
Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Ibrahim, Hamdy; Jahadakbar,
Ahmadreza; Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo, Dynam & Smart
Syst Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn, SM Wu Mfg Res
Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Qin, Haifeng; Doll, Gary L.] Univ Akron, Timken Engn Surfaces Labs, Akron, OH
44325 USA.
RP Ye, C (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Mech Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM changye2002@gmail.com
OI Zhang, Hao/0000-0001-7919-6904
FU College of Engineering at The University of Akron [207135, 207137]; Ohio
Third Frontier Technology Validation and Startup Fund
FX The authors (C. Ma, Z. Ren, H. Zhang, Y. Dong and C. Ye) are grateful
for the financial support of this research by the New Faculty Startup
Fund (grant numbers 207135 & 207137) and the Firestone Fellowship, both
provided by the College of Engineering at The University of Akron. The
group from UT would like to acknowledge the financial support of as Ohio
Third Frontier Technology Validation and Startup Fund.
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NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 48
U2 48
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD NOV
PY 2017
VL 249
BP 433
EP 440
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.06.038
PG 8
Multidisciplinary
GA FF6TK
UT WOS:000409149700046
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bissett, H
van der Walt, IJ
AF Bissett, H.
van der Walt, I. J.
TI Metal and alloy spheroidisation for the Advanced Metals Initiative of
South Africa, using high-temperature radio-frequency plasmas
SO JOURNAL OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; laser sintering; powder metallurgy;
spheroidisation; titanium; radio-frequency plasma
ID ADDITIONS; POWDERS
AB Additive manufacturing presents an attractive and cost-effective method to
produce complex designs, particularly when the material of construction includes
precious metals such as Pt, Rh, Ir and their alloys. Layer deposition methods such
as thermal spraying are also commonly used to apply protective coatings containing
precious metals onto manufactured components. These methods require spherical
powders to ensure a dense part or a defect-free layer. Thermal plasmas are suitable
for spheroidisation of metal and alloy powders. A 15 kW plasma system from TEKNA
Plasma Systems Inc. was purchased in 2016. The capability of this system was
investigated by performing spheroidisation experiments making use of irregular-
shaped titanium metal powder at various plasma operating conditions. The resulting
powders were characterised in terms of morphology, density and flowability. The
flow characteristics of the powder were determined by means of a Hall flow test.
The plasma treatment resulted in an increase in spheroidisation ratio and fraction
of evaporation with increasing plasma plate power. The treated powder displayed
improved flow characteristics.
C1 [Bissett, H.; van der Walt, I. J.] South African Nucl Energy Corp SOC Ltd Necsa,
Pretoria, South Africa.
RP Bissett, H (reprint author), South African Nucl Energy Corp SOC Ltd Necsa,
Pretoria, South Africa.
FU National Research Foundation; South African Nuclear Energy Corporation;
Department of Science and Technology (DST); Advanced Metals Initiative
(AMI)
FX The author would like to acknowledge the National Research Foundation
and the South African Nuclear Energy Corporation for the financial
support in purchasing the spheroidisation equipment. Mr Ryno van der
Merwe, research scientist at Necsa, is thanked for the SEM analysis of
the spherical particles. The Department of Science and Technology (DST)
and the Advanced Metals Initiative (AMI) are also acknowledged for their
financial support and for the opportunity to present this work. Necsa
wishes to thank TEKNA Plasma Systems Inc. for the successful
installation and commissioning of this equipment and the training they
gave in this regard.
CR ASTM INTERNATIONAL, 2006, B212 99 ASTM INT
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NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOUTHERN AFRICAN INST MINING METALLURGY
PI MARSHALLTOWN L
PA 5 HOLLARD ST, 5TH FLOOR, CHAMBER OF MINES BUILDING, PO BOX 61127,
MARSHALLTOWN L 2107, SOUTH AFRICA
SN 2225-6253
EI 2411-9717
J9 J S AFR I MIN METALL
JI J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 117
IS 10
BP 975
EP 980
DI 10.17159/2411-9717/2017/v117n10a8
PG 6
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA FQ7DF
UT WOS:000418522300010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, P
Sin, WJ
Nai, MLS
Wei, J
AF Wang, Pan
Sin, Wai Jack
Nai, Mui Ling Sharon
Wei, Jun
TI Effects of Processing Parameters on Surface Roughness of Additive
Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V via Electron Beam Melting
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printing; surface roughness; processing parameter; multispot
contouring; non-multispot contouring
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
EBM; TRANSFORMATION; TEXTURE
AB As one of the powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technologies, electron
beam melting (EBM) is gaining more and more attention due to its near-net-shape
production capacity with low residual stress and good mechanical properties. These
characteristics also allow EBM built parts to be used as produced without post-
processing. However, the as-built rough surface introduces a detrimental influence
on the mechanical properties of metallic alloys. Thereafter, understanding the
effects of processing parameters on the part's surface roughness, in turn, becomes
critical. This paper has focused on varying the processing parameters of two types
of contouring scanning strategies namely, multispot and non-multispot, in EBM. The
results suggest that the beam current and speed function are the most significant
processing parameters for non-multispot contouring scanning strategy. While for
multispot contouring scanning strategy, the number of spots, spot time, and spot
overlap have greater effects than focus offset and beam current. The improved
surface roughness has been obtained in both contouring scanning strategies.
Furthermore, non-multispot contouring scanning strategy gives a lower surface
roughness value and poorer geometrical accuracy than the multispot counterpart
under the optimized conditions. These findings could be used as a guideline for
selecting the contouring type used for specific industrial parts that are built
using EBM.
C1 [Wang, Pan; Sin, Wai Jack; Nai, Mui Ling Sharon; Wei, Jun] Singapore Inst Mfg
Technol, Forming Technol Grp, 73 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637662, Singapore.
RP Wang, P; Sin, WJ; Nai, MLS; Wei, J (reprint author), Singapore Inst Mfg Technol,
Forming Technol Grp, 73 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637662, Singapore.
EM wangp@simtech.a-star.edu.sg; sinwj@simtech.a-star.edu.sg;
mlnai@simtech.a-star.edu.sg; jwei@simtech.a-star.edu.sg
OI Wang, Pan/0000-0002-2079-9580
FU A*STAR Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3
[1325504103]; A*STAR Additive Manufacturing Centre (AMC) Initiative:
Work Package 1 (High Temperature Materials Development for 3D Additive
Manufacturing) [1426800088]
FX The work in the research was financially supported by A*STAR Industrial
Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3 (Electron Beam Melting,
Grant No. 1325504103) and the A*STAR Additive Manufacturing Centre (AMC)
Initiative: Work Package 1 (High Temperature Materials Development for
3D Additive Manufacturing, Grant No. 1426800088).
0397-x
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NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 10
AR 1121
DI 10.3390/ma10101121
PG 11
GA FM0FZ
UT WOS:000414639000016
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Conteri, R
Borkar, T
Nag, S
Jaeger, D
Chen, X
Ramanujan, RV
Banerjee, R
AF Conteri, R.
Borkar, T.
Nag, S.
Jaeger, D.
Chen, X.
Ramanujan, R. V.
Banerjee, R.
TI Laser additive processing of Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb magnetic alloys
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Intermetallics; Laser processing; Magnetisation; Magnetic measurements;
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
ID TITANIUM-MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; CRYSTALLIZATION
BEHAVIOR; FE77.5SI13.5B9 ALLOY; FINEMET ALLOY; NANOCRYSTALLIZATION;
DEPOSITION; MECHANISM; VANADIUM; STAGE
AB The magnetic alloy of nominal composition, Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1, has been
successfully processed using the laser engineered net shaping (LENS (TM)) process,
from a feedstock of elemental powders. The microstructure consists of dendritic
alpha-Fe3Si grains, with B and Nb partitioning to the inter-dendritic regions,
resulting in the formation of Fe3B grains. Additionally, Fe23B6 grains are visible
at the alpha-Fe3Si/Fe3B interface. The scale of this microstructure can be varied
via the laser deposition parameters and this, in turn, influences coercivity (H-c)
and saturation magnetization (M-s) of these laser-deposited magnetic alloys. This
work shows the feasibility of creating novel geometries of magnetic materials by
the laser engineered net shaping process.(C) 2017 The Society of Manufacturing
Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Conteri, R.; Nag, S.; Jaeger, D.; Banerjee, R.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Denton, TX 76201 USA.
[Borkar, T.] Cleveland State Univ, Mech Engn Dept, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Chen, X.; Ramanujan, R. V.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Singapore
639798, Singapore.
[Conteri, R.] FCA UNICAMP, BR-13484350 Limeira, SP, Brazil.
RP Banerjee, R (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX
76201 USA.
EM Rajarshi.Banerjee@unt.edu
RI Chen, Xi/S-7353-2017
OI Chen, Xi/0000-0002-5466-8140
FU National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore
FX This research (CX and RVR) is conducted by NTU-HUJ-BGU Nanomaterials for
Energy and Water Management Programme under the Campus for Research
Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), that was supported by
the National Research Foundation, Prime Minister's Office, Singapore.
The authors also gratefully acknowledge the Center for Advanced Research
and Technology (CART) at the University of North Texas.
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Zhang YR, 2006, INTERMETALLICS, V14, P710, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2005.10.006
Zhang YR, 2006, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V416, P161, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2005.10.033
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NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1526-6125
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
JI J. Manuf. Process.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 29
BP 175
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.07.029
PG 7
WC Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA FK3LG
UT WOS:000413386000016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, YQ
King, PC
Yang, YS
Xiao, TQ
Chu, C
Gulizia, S
Murphy, AB
AF Ren, Y. Q.
King, P. C.
Yang, Y. S.
Xiao, T. Q.
Chu, C.
Gulizia, S.
Murphy, A. B.
TI Characterization of heat treatment-induced pore structure changes in
cold-sprayed titanium
SO MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Cold spray; Ti; Additive manufacturing; Data-constrained modelling;
X-ray micro-tomography
ID X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; GAS DYNAMIC-SPRAY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V
ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; MICROSCOPY; PARTICLES; EVOLUTION; TI;
MICROTOMOGRAPHY
AB Two X-ray computed tomography (CT) datasets have been acquired for a cold-
sprayed titanium sample before and after heat treatment. The datasets were
collected with a beam energy of 30 keV at the Australian Synchrotron. Three-
dimensional (3D) distributions of porosity in the Ti sample were reconstructed
using a data constrained modelling (DCM) technique. Quantitative analysis indicated
that the heat treatment caused morphological changes to the pores and a small
decrease in the overall porosity. After heat treatment, some fine porosity
disappeared while the large porosity regions were essentially unaffected except for
a change towards a more rounded pore shape. Interconnectivity between pores was
reduced, which has implications for sealing and trapping of contaminant gases in
cold-sprayed parts. The characterization technique and the workflow presented in
the paper are applicable to non-destructive 3D characterization of other materials.
C1 [Ren, Y. Q.; Xiao, T. Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, 239
Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201204, Peoples R China.
[King, P. C.; Yang, Y. S.; Chu, C.; Gulizia, S.] CSIRO Mfg, Private Bag 10,
Clayton, Vic, Australia.
[Murphy, A. B.] CSIRO Mfg, POB 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia.
RP Xiao, TQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Appl Phys, 239
Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai 201204, Peoples R China.; Yang, YS (reprint author), CSIRO
Mfg, Private Bag 10, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
EM Sam.Yang@csiro.au; tqxiao@sinap.ac.cn
RI Murphy, Anthony/A-7796-2008
OI Murphy, Anthony/0000-0002-2820-2304
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [11405261, 2014CB239004]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Mark Styles of CSIRO Manufacturing for
his assistance with heat treatment of the titanium sample. This work was
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant No.
11405261, 2014CB239004]. The X-ray CT experiment was undertaken on the
Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL) at the Australian Synchrotron,
Victoria, Australia.
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NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 132
BP 69
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2017.08.006
PG 7
Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
GA FL0CL
UT WOS:000413878800008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, N
Abdo, BM
Darwish, S
Moiduddin, K
Pervaiz, S
Alahmari, AM
Naveed, M
AF Ahmed, Naveed
Abdo, Basem M.
Darwish, Saied
Moiduddin, Khawaja
Pervaiz, Salman
Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.
Naveed, Madiha
TI Electron beam melting of titanium alloy and surface finish improvement
through rotary ultrasonic machining
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting (EBM); Rotary ultrasonic
machining (RUM); Taguchi design; Artificial neural network (ANN);
Surface roughness
ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORK; DESIGNED EXPERIMENTS; METAL FABRICATION;
LASER-ABLATION; ROUGHNESS; PARTS; COMPOSITES; PREDICTION; TI-6AL-4V;
IMPLANTS
AB Electron beam melting (EBM), an additive method and rotary ultrasonic machining
(RUM), a subtractive technique have been in great demand owing to their innumerable
benefits. These techniques can manufacture components from titanium alloys (such as
Ti-6Al-4 V) for industries such as aerospace, medical, and automotive, etc.
However, these techniques have their own limitations since they are not yet fully
developed for many materials including Ti-6Al-4 V. For example, the RUM involves
high machining time due to the extremely low MRR while EBM suffers with poor
surface quality of final parts. Therefore, in this work, an attempt has been made
to combine the additive (EBM) and subtractive (RUM) techniques. The two techniques
have been integrated to overcome the limitations of one over the other. In fact,
this research has aimed to minimize the surface roughness of EBM fabricated parts
using RUM. The design of experiment (DOE) has been adopted to get the best
combination of RUM parameters which produce a high surface finish for EBM parts.
Moreover, the artificial neural network (ANN) model has been developed to predict
the surface roughness effectively. The machining parameters such as coolant
pressure, frequency, spindle speed, depth of cut, feed rate, and power supply of
RUM have been investigated for better surface finish. It has been confirmed from
this study that the surfaces with R (a) value less than 0.3 mu m can be achieved
using the proposed methodology.
C1 [Ahmed, Naveed; Abdo, Basem M.; Darwish, Saied; Moiduddin, Khawaja; Alahmari,
Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res Chair
Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Ahmed, Naveed; Abdo, Basem M.; Darwish, Saied; Moiduddin, Khawaja; Alahmari,
Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Ahmed, Naveed] Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Lahore, Pakistan.
[Pervaiz, Salman] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Dubai, U Arab
Emirates.
[Naveed, Madiha] Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ, Dept Math, Coll Sci,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
RP Ahmed, N (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima
Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Ahmed, N (reprint
author), King Saud Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Ahmed, N (reprint
author), Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Ind & Mfg Engn, Lahore, Pakistan.
EM anaveed@ksu.edu.sa; babdo@ksu.edu.sa; darwish@ksu.edu.sa;
kmoiduddin@ksu.edu.sa; sxpcad@rit.edu; alahmari@ksu.edu.sa;
mnahmed@pnu.edu.sa
FU Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University
FX The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King
Saud University for funding through Vice Deanship of Scientific Research
Chairs.
CR Ahmed N, 2016, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V31, P1121, DOI
10.1080/10426914.2015.1048359
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10.1080/10426914.2015.1019132
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10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.243
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10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.022
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NR 37
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH
JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 92
IS 9-12
BP 3349
EP 3361
DI 10.1007/s00170-017-0365-3
PG 13
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA FH5UZ
UT WOS:000411237500025
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Haselhuhn, AS
Sanders, PG
Pearce, JM
AF Haselhuhn, Amberlee S.
Sanders, Paul G.
Pearce, Joshua M.
TI Hypoeutectic Aluminum-Silicon Alloy Development for GMAW-Based 3-D
Printing Using Wedge Castings
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METALCASTING
LA English
DT Article
DE 3-D printing; additive manufacturing; aluminum; alloy development; metal
casting; casting
ID AL-SI ALLOYS; SOLIDIFICATION MICROSTRUCTURE SELECTION; SUBSTRATE RELEASE
MECHANISMS; GRAIN-REFINEMENT; FOUNDRY ALLOYS; COOLING RATE;
HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION; EUTECTIC NUCLEATION; POROSITY FORMATION;
COMBINED ADDITIONS
AB Alloy development can simplify low-cost gas metal arc weld (GMAW)-based 3-D
printing by making it easier to print quality parts with minimal metallurgical or
welding experience. Previous work found good properties in aluminum alloys,
particularly in the aluminum-silicon 4943 (Al-5.5%Si-0.4%Mg) and 4047 (Al-11.6%Si)
alloys. These alloys were easy to print, but could benefit from alloying to
increase ductility and to minimize or redistribute porosity. The purpose of this
study was to modify 4943 and 4047 alloys and rapidly screen their performance for
use as feedstock for improved 3-D printability. The 4047- and 4943-based alloys
were modified with additions of magnesium, strontium, titanium boride, and
combinations thereof. Wedge-shaped castings were used to efficiently screen
alloying additions over the same ranges of solidification rates as those observed
in GMAW-based 3-D printing. The alloying additions were most effective at modifying
the high-silicon 4047 alloy, whereas no change in microstructure was observed in
the low-silicon 4943 alloy. Strontium was an effective modifier of the high-silicon
alloy. Titanium boride was not observed to have a grain-refining effect on aluminum
dendrites on its own, although the combination of strontium and titanium boride
produced the most refined eutectic structure in the high-silicon alloy. Future work
should evaluate the singular effects of strontium, titanium boride, and the
combination of strontium and titanium boride additions in weld-based 3-D printing.
C1 [Haselhuhn, Amberlee S.; Sanders, Paul G.; Pearce, Joshua M.] Michigan Technol
Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Pearce, Joshua M.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houghton, MI
49931 USA.
RP Haselhuhn, AS (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-12-2-7230]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge valuable casting and chemical analysis
assistance from P. Quimby, polishing assistance from V. Thole, and
helpful discussions with Dr. Stephen Kampe and Dr. Thomas Dorin. The
authors would also like to acknowledge support and helpful discussions
with C. Hsu and technical assistance from the Miller Electric
Manufacturing Company. This material is based on research sponsored by
Air Force Research Laboratory under agreement number FA8650-12-2-7230.
The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for
governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon.
The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and
should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official
policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of Air Force
Research Laboratory or the US Government.
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NR 88
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1939-5981
EI 2163-3193
J9 INT J METALCAST
JI Int. J. Met.
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 11
IS 4
BP 843
EP 856
DI 10.1007/s40962-017-0133-z
PG 14
GA FH9YC
UT WOS:000411572600017
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JN
Liu, KG
Yuan, XD
Shan, FH
Zhang, BL
Wang, Z
Xu, WZ
Zhang, Z
An, XC
AF Li, Jianing
Liu, Kegao
Yuan, Xingdong
Shan, Feihu
Zhang, Bolun
Wang, Zhe
Xu, Wenzhuo
Zhang, Zheng
An, Xiangchen
TI Microstructures evolution and physical properties of laser induced NbC
modified nanocrystalline composites
SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanocrystalline materials; Amorphous materials; Nanoscale quasicrystals;
Laser technology
ID WEAR-RESISTANCE; STAINLESS-STEEL; COATINGS; BEHAVIOR; ALLOY; TITANIUM;
SURFACE; PHASE; DENSIFICATION; CRYSTALLINE
AB The nanoscale quasicrystals (NQs), amorphous and ultrafine nanocrystals (UNs)
modified hard composites are produced by laser cladding (LC) of the Ni60A-TiC-NbC-
Sb mixed powders on the additive manufacturing (AM) TA1 titanium alloy. The LC
technique is favorable to formations of icosahedral quasicrystals (I-phase) with
fivefold symmetry due to its rapid cooling and solidification characteristics. The
formation mechanism of this Iphase is explained here. Under the actions of NQs,
amorphous and UNs, such LC composites exhibited an extremely high micro-hardness.
UNs may also intertwin with amorphous, forming yarn-shape materials. This research
provides essential theoretical basis to improve the quality of laser-treated
composites.
C1 [Li, Jianing; Liu, Kegao; Yuan, Xingdong; Zhang, Bolun; Wang, Zhe; Xu, Wenzhuo;
Zhang, Zheng; An, Xiangchen] Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan
[Shan, Feihu] AVIC Mfg Technol Inst, Aeronaut Key Lab Addit Mfg Technol, Beijing
Key Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg Technol, Sci & Technol Power Beam Proc Lab,
Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
RP Li, JN (reprint author), Shandong Jianzhu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan
EM jn2369@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51505257]
FX This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant no. 51505257)
CR Cao YB, 2015, MATER LETT, V147, P61, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2015.02.026
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Lin X, 2017, ACTA MATER, V126, P210, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.061
Liu Q, 2016, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V82, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.02.013
Ma QS, 2017, INT J REFRACT MET H, V64, P225, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.11.002
Song LJ, 2016, J MANUF PROCESS, V24, P116, DOI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.08.004
Wang LQ, 2017, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V93, P79, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2017.02.006
Wang LQ, 2012, SURF COAT TECH, V206, P3109, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.12.040
Yang JX, 2016, INT J REFRACT MET H, V54, P216, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.07.034
Yao JH, 2015, MATER DESIGN, V83, P26, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.05.087
Zhang H, 2015, MATER LETT, V139, P255, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.10.102
Zhang LA, 2017, SURF INTERFACES, V6, P18, DOI 10.1016/j.surfin.2016.11.006
Zhou SF, 2016, INT J REFRACT MET H, V60, P17, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.06.019
Zhou SF, 2016, MATER DESIGN, V97, P431, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.125
Zhou SF, 2014, SCRIPTA MATER, V76, P25, DOI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.12.006
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1386-9477
EI 1873-1759
J9 PHYSICA E
JI Physica E
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 94
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.physe.2017.07.006
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA FG9WP
UT WOS:000410790900001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, P
Fang, ZGZ
Zhang, Y
Xia, Y
AF Sun, Pei
Fang, Zhigang Zak
Zhang, Ying
Xia, Yang
TI Review of the Methods for Production of Spherical Ti and Ti Alloy Powder
SO JOM
LA English
DT Review
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; GAS ATOMIZATION; FABRICATION; LASER; METAL; FINE
AB Spherical titanium alloy powder is an important raw material for near-netshape
fabrication via a powder metallurgy (PM) manufacturing route, as well as feedstock
for powder injection molding, and additive manufacturing (AM). Nevertheless, the
cost of Ti powder including spherical Ti alloy has been a major hurdle that
prevented PM Ti from being adopted for a wide range of applications. Especially
with the increasing importance of powder-bed based AM technologies, the demand for
spherical Ti powder has brought renewed attention on properties and cost, as well
as on powder-producing processes. The performance of Ti components manufactured
from powder has a strong dependence on the quality of powder, and it is therefore
crucial to understand the properties and production methods of powder. This article
aims to provide a cursory review of the basic techniques of commercial and emerging
methods for making spherical Ti powder. The advantages as well as limitations of
different methods are discussed.
C1 [Sun, Pei; Fang, Zhigang Zak; Zhang, Ying; Xia, Yang] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn,
Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Zhang, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
RP Fang, ZGZ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
USA.
EM zak.fang@utah.edu
FU Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. DOE [DE-AR0000420]
FX The authors acknowledge the funding support by the Advanced Research
Project Agency for Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. DOE (DE-AR0000420)
through the Modern Electro/Thermochemical Advances in Light-Metal
Systems (METALS) program.
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NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 18
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 10
BP 1853
EP 1860
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2513-5
PG 8
GA FG4ZK
UT WOS:000410296900020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Leuders, S
Meiners, S
Wu, L
Taube, A
Troster, T
Niendorf, T
AF Leuders, S.
Meiners, S.
Wu, L.
Taube, A.
Troester, T.
Niendorf, T.
TI Structural components manufactured by Selective Laser Melting and
Investment Casting-Impact of the process route on the damage mechanism
under cyclic loading
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Investment casting; Titanium; High-cycle
fatigue; Failure
ID FATIGUE PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; DEFORMATION; BEHAVIOR;
POROSITY
AB Selective Laser Melting (SLM) has recently gained increasing interest due to
numerous advantages related to additive manufacturing, e.g., the unrivaled level of
design freedom and the feasibility of tool-free production directly from CAD-data.
Thus, this manufacturing technique will more and more complement existing
production chains and compete with traditional processes. In case of the here
considered titanium alloy Ti-6A1-4V, which is of high interest for various
applications in the aerospace industry, complex components are currently often
produced by investment casting (IC). Although both processes have their inherent
advantages and drawbacks, a fundamental comparison of a component manufactured by
these techniques has not been performed so far. Therefore, the present study
investigates the impact of application-oriented process routes on the resulting
properties of Ti-6A1-4V, manufactured by the aforementioned manufacturing
processes. Employing hot isostatic pressing, shot peening and numerous test
procedures on lab-scale specimens and demonstrator components it is shown that the
monotonic stress-strain behavior of SLM-processed Ti-6A1-4V is superior to the IC-
counterparts. But still, due to process-induced defects within the SLM-parts, this
is contrary for loadings in the high-cycle fatigue regime.
C1 [Leuders, S.; Taube, A.; Troester, T.] DMRC, Mersinweg 3, D-33098 Paderborn,
Germany.
[Leuders, S.; Meiners, S.; Troester, T.] Lehrstuhl Leichtbau Automobil Automot
Lightweight, Pohlweg 47-49, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Wu, L.] Voestalpine Addit Mfg Ctr GmbH, Hansaallee 321, D-40549 Dusseldorf,
Germany.
[Taube, A.] Lehrstuhl Werkstoffkunde Mat Sci, Pohlweg 47-49, D-33098 Paderborn,
Germany.
[Wu, L.; Niendorf, T.] Inst Werkstofftech Mat Engn, Monchebergstr 3, D-34125
Kassel, Germany.
RP Leuders, S (reprint author), Voestalpine Addit Mfg Ctr GmbH, Hansaallee 321, D-
40549 Dusseldorf, Germany.
EM stefan.leuders@voestalpine.com
OI Niendorf, Thomas/0000-0003-2622-5817
FU Direct Manufacturing Research Center (DMRC); state of North Rhine
Westphalia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [NI1327/7-1]
FX The authors would like to thank the Direct Manufacturing Research Center
(DMRC) and the state of North Rhine Westphalia for financial support of
the present study. TN acknowledges funding by Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft under contract No. NI1327/7-1.
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10.1016/j.msea.2016.05.089
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8506(07)61704-1
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.09.005
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.06.010
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10.1108/13552541211231644
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
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Wohlers Associates, 2015, 3D PRINT ADD MAN STA
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 44
U2 56
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD OCT
PY 2017
VL 248
BP 130
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.04.026
PG 13
Multidisciplinary
GA EY9FD
UT WOS:000404303600016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Jung, JH
Park, HK
Lee, BS
Choi, J
Seo, B
Kim, HK
Kim, GH
Kim, HG
AF Jung, Jae-Hyun
Park, Hyung-Ki
Lee, Byoung Soo
Choi, Jaeho
Seo, Bosung
Kim, Hyo Kyu
Kim, Gun Hee
Kim, Hyung Giun
TI Study on surface shape control of pure Ti fabricated by electron beam
melting using electrolytic polishing
SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Pure Ti; Electrolytic
polishing; Surface morphology
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; POROUS TITANIUM; ROUGHNESS
AB Titanium parts in special industries such as vacuum, catalyst and medical
application require a variety of surface properties with a unique structure for
high efficiency. In this study, the unique surface of commercially pure titanium
(CP Ti) parts fabricated using Electron Beam Melting (EBM) in the process of
additive manufacturing is post-treated by the electrolytic polishing process under
conditions ranging from 10 to 30 V and 10-600 s in order to study the surface
characteristics. The possibility of controlling microstructural surface shape
according to electrolytic polishing process conditions is presented from the
increase of surface area through the formation of micro-dimples on protruding
residual powder on the surface to the flattening of entire surface. (C) 2017
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jung, Jae-Hyun; Park, Hyung-Ki; Lee, Byoung Soo; Seo, Bosung; Kim, Hyo Kyu;
Kim, Gun Hee; Kim, Hyung Giun] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung
25440, South Korea.
[Jung, Jae-Hyun; Choi, Jaeho] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Adv Met & Mat
Engn, Kangnung 25457, South Korea.
RP Kim, HG (reprint author), Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung
25440, South Korea.
EM hgk@kitech.re.kr
FU Korea Institute of Industrial Technology [KITECH JA-17-0002]
FX This study has been conducted with the support of the Korea Institute of
Industrial Technology as "Development of surface treatment technology
for Titanium part fabricated by additive manufacturing (KITECH
JA-17-0002)".
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070115-032024
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Ou SF, 2017, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V245, P70, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.02.018
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NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0257-8972
J9 SURF COAT TECH
JI Surf. Coat. Technol.
PD SEP 15
PY 2017
VL 324
BP 106
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.05.061
PG 5
WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied
GA FC6YS
UT WOS:000406988200013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lima, DD
Mantri, SA
Mikler, CV
Contieri, R
Yannetta, CJ
Campo, KN
Lopes, ES
Styles, MJ
Borkar, T
Caram, R
Banerjee, R
AF Lima, D. D.
Mantri, S. A.
Mikler, C. V.
Contieri, R.
Yannetta, C. J.
Campo, K. N.
Lopes, E. S.
Styles, M. J.
Borkar, T.
Caram, R.
Banerjee, R.
TI Laser additive processing of a functionally graded internal fracture
fixation plate
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti alloys; Orthopedic implants; Functionally graded materials; Additive
manufacturing; LENS (TM) (laser engineered net shaping); Elastic modulus
ID 304L STAINLESS-STEEL; NB-ZR-TA; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; STRENGTHENING
MECHANISMS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; TITANIUM-VANADIUM; BONE PLATE;
ALLOYS; BIOMATERIALS; DEPOSITION
AB Although bone fracture fixation implants are crucial for fracture site
stability, undesirable stress shielding will be problematic if stiffness mismatch
between the bone and the fracture fixation implant is significant. Thus, the need
for fracture fixation implant design that provides sufficient stability at the
fracture site to avoid potential stress shielding that may be associated with
modulus mismatch is paramount. This potential issue can be addressed efficiently by
fabricating stiffness-graded (compositionally graded) titanium alloys with low
elastic modulus (or stiffness) at the ends, comparable to the bone modulus; and
higher elastic modulus at the center, close to the site of the fracture. Additive
manufacturing processes such as laser engineered net shaping (LENS (TM)), a near-
net shape processing technology, has the potential to fabricate functionally graded
biomedical implants. This study focuses on the development of a novel LENS (TM)
deposited, compositionally and functionally graded Ti-based metallic plate for
potential bone fixation. The gradation has been achieved between a low modulus Ti-
35Nb-15Zr (wt%) alloy and the higher modulus, commercially pure Ti near the center
of the plate. Site-specific microstructure and mechanical properties along the
compositional gradient are presented.
C1 [Lima, D. D.; Mantri, S. A.; Mikler, C. V.; Contieri, R.; Yannetta, C. J.;
Banerjee, R.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76207 USA.
[Lima, D. D.; Campo, K. N.; Lopes, E. S.; Caram, R.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch
Mech Engn, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Contieri, R.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Appl Sci, Limeira, Brazil.
[Borkar, T.] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Styles, M. J.] CSIRO Mfg, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
76207 USA.
EM Raj.Banerjee@unt.edu
RI Caram, Rubens/C-2068-2012; CONTIERI, RODRIGO/G-7492-2014
OI CONTIERI, RODRIGO/0000-0003-3883-2059; Styles, Mark/0000-0001-6317-3847
CR Afonso C., 2012, MICROSC MICROANAL, P758
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5093(02)00909-7
Contieri RJ, 2010, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V527, P3994, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.023
Elias CN, 2008, JOM-US, V60, P46, DOI 10.1007/s11837-008-0031-1
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NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 21
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD SEP 15
PY 2017
VL 130
BP 8
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.034
PG 8
GA FB2PB
UT WOS:000405984600002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Schwab, H
Bonisch, M
Giebeler, L
Gustmann, T
Eckert, J
Kuhn, U
AF Schwab, Holger
Boenisch, Matthias
Giebeler, Lars
Gustmann, Tobias
Eckert, Juergen
Kuehn, Uta
TI Processing of Ti-5553 with improved mechanical properties via an in-situ
heat treatment combining selective laser melting and substrate plate
heating
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Additive manufacturing; Ti-based alloys;
Ti-5553; In situ heat-treatment; Substrate heating
ID BETA TI ALLOY; TI-5AL-5V-5MO-3CR ALLOY; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TITANIUM; TI-5AL-5MO-5V-3CR; TEXTURE; POWDER; ALPHA;
TOOL
AB In this study the Ti-based alloy Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr (wt%) was processed using
selective laser melting (SLM) while keeping the substrate plate at a constant
temperature of 500 degrees C. Cubic samples were successfully fabricated with a
relative density of about 99%. Their microstructures were analysed and correlated
with the mechanical properties and compared with the fabrication state of non-
heated selective laser melted Ti-5553. Investigations by XRD, SEM and TEM revealed
the formation of a microstructure composed of a beta-phase matrix and finely
dispersed alpha-phase plates when heating was conducted. The microstructure
critically depends on the thermal history and was found to have a pronounced
influence on the mechanical behaviour. The mechanical properties of the heated
specimens showed an enhanced compressive strength of about 1600 MPa while the
deformability remained relatively high. These results demonstrate that selective
laser melting is capable of creating bulk parts with improved mechanical by
precipitation hardening realized by applying an additional substrate heating during
the process.
C1 [Schwab, Holger; Boenisch, Matthias; Giebeler, Lars; Gustmann, Tobias; Eckert,
Juergen; Kuehn, Uta] IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
[Eckert, Juergen] Austrian Acad Sci OAW, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci, Jahnstr 12,
A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
[Eckert, Juergen] Univ Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben,
Austria.
RP Schwab, H (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, D-01069 Dresden,
Germany.
EM h.schwab@ifw-dresden.de
FU DLR LuFo Program (LuFo IV-4) [FKZ20E1107]
FX The authors thank Jan Sander and Nicole Geibler for their scientific
support, technical assistance, and helpful discussions. The gas-atomized
powder used in this study was provided by the Airbus Group Research
Department (Airbus Group Innovations) represented by Frank Palm.
Additionally, the authors want to thank Dirk Lindackers, Uwe Biscop,
Steffen Grundkowski, Karsten Peukert and David Becker for the
development and manufacturing of the substrate heating device. Financial
support of this work through the DLR (FKZ20E1107) LuFo Program (LuFo
IV-4) is gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 34
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD SEP 15
PY 2017
VL 130
BP 83
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.010
PG 7
GA FB2PB
UT WOS:000405984600009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Xi, MZ
Lv, C
Wu, ZH
Shang, JY
Zhou, W
Dong, RM
Gao, SY
AF Xi Mingzhe
Lv Chao
Wu Zhenhao
Shang Junying
Zhou Wei
Dong Rongmei
Gao Shiyou
TI Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of TC11 Titanium Alloy Formed
by Laser Rapid Forming and Its Combination with Consecutive Point-Mode
Forging
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE consecutive point-mode forging; laser rapid forming; TC11 titanium
alloy; microstructure; tensile property
ID MELTING DEPOSITED TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE; HEAT-TREATMENT; PART I;
EVOLUTION; TI-6AL-4V; SUPERALLOY; WIRE
AB The titanium alloy parts, which have been formed by traditional laser additive
manufacturing (LAM) method, usually have obviously different microstructure from
wrought microstructure of titanium alloy and show room temperature mechanical
anisotropy. In order to make the LAMed titanium alloy parts get the same
microstructure and mechanical properties as wrought titanium alloy, a new
technology of LAM called consecutive point-mode forging and laser rapid forming
(CPF-LRF) has been proposed. During CPF-LRF process, deposited TC11 titanium alloy
by laser rapid forming (LRF) was deformed by consecutive point-mode forging (CPF),
and then on the surface of the deformed TC11 titanium alloy, new LRF process
started over again. Both LRF and CPF were performed alternatively throughout the
process of the fabrication of a TC11 titanium alloy part. Microstructures and
mechanical properties of the CPF-LRFed TC11 alloy sample have been investigated.
The average grain size of equiaxed grains of the CPF-LRFed TC11 alloy sample is
48.7 mu m. The equiaxed grains have continuous grain boundary alpha phase.The
microstructure of the equiaxed grain is bimodal microstructure consisting of
primary a phase lath and transformed beta. During CPF-LRF process, being
plastically deformed by CPF, the surface deformation zone of the thick-wall TC11
titanium alloy part is 1.5 mm depth and its deformation degree is 20%. During a new
layer deposited on the surface of the CPF cold deformed TC11 titanium alloy part,
when laser beam scans through, about 1 mm thick (four layers) cold deformed
titanium alloy in the heat affected zone of laser melting pool is heated up above
beta-transus temperature of TC11 titanium alloy in which static recrystallization
complete within time interval of 0.86 s. The mechanical properties indicate that
compared with the tensile properties at room temperature of TC11 alloy forged
piece, the CPF-LRFed TC11 alloy has higher strength and less ductility. Fracture
analysis indicates that intergranular fracture is mainly responsible for the poor
ductility of CPF-LRFed TC11 alloy.
C1 [Xi Mingzhe; Lv Chao; Wu Zhenhao; Shang Junying; Zhou Wei; Dong Rongmei; Gao
Shiyou] Yanshan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Adv Forging & Stamping Technol & Sci,
Qinhuangdao 066004, Peoples R China.
RP Xi, MZ (reprint author), Yanshan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Adv Forging &
Stamping Technol & Sci, Qinhuangdao 066004, Peoples R China.
EM ximingzhe@ysu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51375426, 51375245]
FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51375426
and 51375245)
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NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0412-1961
J9 ACTA METALL SIN
JI Acta Metall. Sin.
PD SEP 11
PY 2017
VL 53
IS 9
BP 1065
EP 1074
DI 10.11900/0412.1961.2017.00005
PG 10
GA FF8GA
UT WOS:000409253300005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Smith, CJ
Tammas-Williams, S
Hernandez-Nava, E
Todd, I
AF Smith, C. J.
Tammas-Williams, S.
Hernandez-Nava, E.
Todd, I.
TI Tailoring the thermal conductivity of the powder bed in Electron Beam
Melting (EBM) Additive Manufacturing
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALLOY
AB Metallic powder bed additive manufacturing is capable of producing complex,
functional parts by repeatedly depositing thin layers of powder particles atop of
each other whilst selectively melting the corresponding part cross-section into
each layer. A weakness with this approach arises when melting overhanging features,
which have no prior melted material directly beneath them. This is due to the lower
thermal conductivity of the powder relative to solid material, which as a result
leads to an accumulation of heat and thus distortion. The Electron Beam Melting
(EBM) process alleviates this to some extent as the powder must first be sintered
(by the beam itself) before it is melted, which results in the added benefit of
increasing the thermal conductivity. This study thus sought to investigate to what
extent the thermal conductivity of local regions in a titanium Ti-6Al-4V powder bed
could be varied by imparting more energy from the beam. Thermal diffusivity and
density measurements were taken of the resulting sintered samples, which ranged
from being loosely to very well consolidated. It was found that the calculated
thermal conductivity at two temperatures, 40 and 730 degrees C, was more than
doubled over the range of input energies explored.
C1 [Smith, C. J.; Tammas-Williams, S.; Hernandez-Nava, E.; Todd, I.] Univ
Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sir Robert Hadfield Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S1
3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
RP Smith, CJ (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sir Robert
Hadfield Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
EM chrisjsmith@sheffield.ac.uk
FU EPSRC [EP/L025213/1]; ATI Horizon program
FX This work was funded in part by the EPSRC designing alloys for resource
efficiency (DARE) program (EP/L025213/1) and the ATI Horizon program.
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NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD SEP 5
PY 2017
VL 7
AR 10514
DI 10.1038/s41598-017-11243-8
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA FF9AN
UT WOS:000409309300102
PM 28874795
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Rontescu, C
Cicic, DT
Amza, CG
Chivu, OR
Iacobescu, G
AF Rontescu, Corneliu
Cicic, Dumitru Titi
Amza, Catalin Gheorghe
Chivu, Oana Roxana
Iacobescu, Gabriel
TI Comparative Analysis of the Components Obtained by Additive
Manufacturing Used for Prosthetics and Medical Instruments
LA English
DT Article
DE prostheses; medical instruments; titanium alloys; Co-Cr alloys; DMLS
ID BIOCOMPATIBLE TITANIUM-ALLOYS; TEST SAMPLES; QUALITY
AB This paper presents a comparative study on the microstructural and mechanical
characteristics of a biocompatible titanium and Co-Cr alloys used in prosthetics
implants and medical instruments fabrications. The samples used for the analysis
were obtained by applying the additive manufacturing process called Direct Melting
Laser Sintering Following the analysis of the results obtained for the two sets of
samples it was observed that the thermophysical properties of the materials
influence the quality of the obtained surfaces.
C1 [Rontescu, Corneliu; Cicic, Dumitru Titi; Amza, Catalin Gheorghe; Chivu, Oana
Roxana; Iacobescu, Gabriel] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Engn & Management Technol
Syst, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest 060021, Romania.
RP Rontescu, C (reprint author), Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Engn & Management
Technol Syst, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest 060021, Romania.
EM virlan_oana@yahoo.co.uk
FU University Politehnica of Bucharest, through the Excellence Research
Grants Program, UPB - GEX [32/26.09.2016]
FX This work has been funded by University Politehnica of Bucharest,
through the Excellence Research Grants Program, UPB - GEX Identifier:
UPB-EXCELENTA-2016 Titanium and titanium alloys prostheses and medical
instruments reconditioning, Contract number 32/26.09.2016.
CR ALABEY P., 2010, ASME 2010 10 BIENN C, V1, P739
Baila DI, 2016, METALURGIJA, V55, P663
Baila Diana Irinel, 2015, Applied Mechanics and Materials, V760, P521, DOI
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BUDDY D.R., 2004, BIOMATERIALS SCI
Chivu OR, 2015, REV CHIM-BUCHAREST, V66, P1751
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Yu Y, 2014, J MANUF SCI E-T ASME, V136, DOI 10.1115/1.4028511
ZENIKOS S., 2012, BIODESIGN PROCESS IN
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PI BUCHAREST
SN 0034-7752
JI Rev. Chim.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 68
IS 9
BP 2114
EP 2116
PG 3
GA FO3QZ
UT WOS:000416748800036
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zopp, C
Blumer, S
Schubert, F
Kroll, L
AF Zopp, C.
Bluemer, S.
Schubert, F.
Kroll, L.
TI Processing of a metastable titanium alloy (Ti-5553) by selective laser
melting
SO AIN SHAMS ENGINEERING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Ti-5553; Process
parameter; Grain fraction
AB The metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr is characterised by
multifaceted mechanical properties (high - strength, hardened, ductile) depending
on applied heat treatment. Compared to alpha-beta titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, a
higher tensile strength up to 1400 MPa as well as a yield strength of 1250 MPa can
be achieved. As a result, Ti-5553 is used for special aerospace applications e.g.
landing gear components or helicopter rotors.
Aim of this paper is to study the processibility of Ti-5553 by using selective
laser melting. First, a suitable and stable process parameter set for a reference
grain fraction (10-63 mu m) have been developed. Second, variations of grain size
distribution will be taken into account, so that a high material density as well as
high surface quality can be achieved. Furthermore, an identical process window was
applied on fine and coarse grain fractions to show effects regarding material
porosity.
Material densities above 99.93% were achieved by optimisation of energy input
during selective laser melting process. However, the use of reference fraction (10-
63 mu m) allowed the highest material density. Regarding to surface quality, an
impact of coarse grain (53-63 mu m) was identified and an optimised grain size
distribution derived. An optimum averaged surface roughness could be calculated,
using a grain size between 25-32 mu m. (C) 2016 Ain Shams University. Production
and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zopp, C.; Bluemer, S.; Schubert, F.; Kroll, L.] Tech Univ Chemnitz, Dept
Lightweight Struct & Polymer Technol, Chemnitz, Germany.
RP Zopp, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Chemnitz, Dept Lightweight Struct & Polymer
Technol, Chemnitz, Germany.
EM camilo.zopp@mb.tu-chemnitz.de; sebastian.blue-mer@mb.tu-chemnitz.de;
frschu@hrz.tu-chemnitz.de; lothar.kroll@mb.tu-chemnitz.de
FU project "Additiv gefertigte Hochleistungskomponenten aus
Titanlegierungen und Titanaluminid - Prozessbeherrschung,
Charakterisierung, Simulation" [FKZ: 03X3597B]; Federal Ministry of
Education and Research (BMBF); German Research Foundation (DFG) [EXC
1075]
FX This work was performed within the project "Additiv gefertigte
Hochleistungskomponenten aus Titanlegierungen und Titanaluminid -
Prozessbeherrschung, Charakterisierung, Simulation" (FKZ: 03X3597B) and
supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF).
Financial support is gratefully acknowledged.; The authors would like to
acknowledge the Federal Cluster of Excellence EXC 1075 "MERGE
Technologies for Multifunctional Lightweight Structures". The Cluster of
Excellence EXC 1075 supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG).
CR Badrossamay M, 2007, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V47, P779, DOI
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NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2090-4479
EI 2090-4495
J9 AIN SHAMS ENG J
JI Ain Shams Eng. J.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 8
IS 3
BP 475
EP 479
DI 10.1016/j.asej.2016.11.004
PG 5
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA FN5TD
UT WOS:000416070100017
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Saboori, A
Gallo, D
Biamino, S
Fino, P
Lombardi, M
AF Saboori, Abdollah
Gallo, Donato
Biamino, Sara
Fino, Paolo
Lombardi, Mariangela
TI An Overview of Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Components by Directed
Energy Deposition: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
SO APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
LA English
DT Review
DE additive manufacturing; directed energy deposition; titanium alloys;
mechanical properties; microstructure
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; LASER MELTING DEPOSITION; LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE;
TI-6AL-4V COMPONENTS; POWDER DEPOSITION; ALLOY COMPONENTS; FABRICATION;
WIRE; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR
AB The directed energy deposition (DED) process can be employed to build net shape
components or prototypes starting from powder or wires, through a layer-by-layer
process. This process provides an opportunity to fabricate complex shaped and
functionally graded parts that can be utilized in different engineering
applications. DED uses a laser as a focused heat source to melt the in-situ
delivered powder or wire-shaped raw materials. In the past years extensive studies
on DED have shown that this process has great potential in order to be used for (i)
rapid prototyping of metallic parts, (ii) fabrication of complex and customized
parts, (iii) repairing/cladding valuable components which cannot be repaired by
other traditional techniques. However, the industrial adoption of this process is
still challenging owing to the lack of knowledge on the mechanical performances of
the constructed components and also on the trustworthiness/durability of
engineering parts produced by DED. This manuscript provides an overview of the
additive manufacturing (AM) of titanium alloys and focuses in particular on the
mechanical properties and microstructure of components fabricated by DED.
C1 [Saboori, Abdollah; Gallo, Donato; Biamino, Sara; Fino, Paolo; Lombardi,
Mariangela] Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-
10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Saboori, A (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso
Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM abdollah.saboori@polito.it; donato.gallo@studenti.polito.it;
sara.biamino@polito.it; paolo.fino@polito.it;
mariangela.lombardi@polito.it
OI Saboori, Abdollah/0000-0001-7135-1316; Lombardi,
Mariangela/0000-0002-1546-8525; Biamino, Sara/0000-0003-1840-7717
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.07.011
NR 105
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2076-3417
J9 APPL SCI-BASEL
JI Appl. Sci.-Basel
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 9
AR 883
DI 10.3390/app7090883
PG 23
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA FL7TN
UT WOS:000414453600019
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Geng, RW
Du, J
Wei, ZY
Zhao, GX
AF Geng, Ru-wei
Du, Jun
Wei, Zheng-ying
Zhao, Guang-xi
TI Simulation of microstructure evolution in fused-coating additive
manufacturing based on phase field approach
SO CHINA FOUNDRY
LA English
DT Article
DE phase field; microstructure evolution; fused-coating additive
manufacturing
ID RAPID SOLIDIFICATION; LASER; ALLOY; DEPOSITION; COMPONENTS; TITANIUM
AB The mechanical properties of metal components are determined by the
solidification behaviour and microstructure. A quantitative phase field model is
used to investigate the microstructure evolution of fused-coating additive
manufacturing, by which to improve the quality of deposition. During the fused-
coating process, the molten metal in a crucible flows out of a nozzle and then
reaches the substrate. The solidification happens at the moment when the molten
metal comes into contact with substrate moving in three-dimensional space. The
macroscopic heat transfer model of fused-coating is established to get the
temperature field considered as the initial temperature boundary conditions in the
phase field model. The numerical and experimental results show that the morphology
of grains varies with different solidification environments. Columnar grains are
observed during the early period at the bottom of fused-coating layer and the
equiaxed grains appear subsequently ahead of the columnar grains. Columnar
dendrites phase field simulations about the grains morphology and solute
distribution are conducted considering the solidification environments. The
simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results.
C1 [Geng, Ru-wei; Wei, Zheng-ying; Zhao, Guang-xi] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key
Lab Mfg Syst Engn, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Du, Jun; Wei, Zheng-ying] Collaborat Innovat Ctr High End Mfg Equipment, Xian
710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RP Wei, ZY (reprint author), Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Mfg Syst Engn,
Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Wei, ZY (reprint author), Collaborat
Innovat Ctr High End Mfg Equipment, Xian 710049, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM zywei@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
FU National Key RD Program [2016YFB1100400]; Ministry of Education, China
[6141A02022109]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program
(2016YFB1100400) and the Ministry of Education, China (6141A02022109).
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NR 22
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Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU FOUNDRY JOURNAL AGENCY
PI SHENYANG
PA 17 YUNFENG SOUTH STR, TIEXI DISTRICT, SHENYANG, 110022, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6421
J9 CHINA FOUNDRY
JI China Foundry
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 14
IS 5
BP 346
EP 352
DI 10.1007/s41230-017-7124-9
PG 7
GA FL3YZ
UT WOS:000414164200005
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gong, X
Mohan, S
Mendoza, M
Gray, A
Collins, P
Kalidindi, SR
AF Gong, X.
Mohan, S.
Mendoza, M.
Gray, A.
Collins, P.
Kalidindi, S. R.
TI High Throughput Assays for Additively Manufactured Ti-Ni Alloys Based on
Compositional Gradients and Spherical Indentation
SO INTEGRATING MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING INNOVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE High throughput; Nanoindentation; Ni-Ti; Hertzian indentation; Additive
manufacturing
ID STRESS-STRAIN CURVES; CONTINUOUS STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT; INDUCED
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; 650 DEGREES-C; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; POLYCRYSTALLINE SAMPLES; ELASTIC-MODULUS; ORIENTATION
MEASUREMENTS; COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS
AB Recent advances in additive manufacturing (AM) reveal an exciting opportunity to
build materials with novel internal structures combined with intricate part
geometries that cannot be achieved by traditional manufacturing approaches. The
large space of potential material chemistries combined with non-equilibrium
microstructures obtained in AM presents a significant challenge for a systematic
exploration and optimization of the final properties exhibited by AM parts when
using the existing knowledge databases established for conventionally processed
materials. In this paper, we demonstrate novel high throughput assays that can be
used to prototype a large library of material chemistries (and possibly different
process histories) in small quantities, and subsequently apply spherical
indentation stress-strain protocols to screen them for their mechanical
performance. The potential of these new assays is demonstrated on a class of Ti-Ni
alloys, whose Ni composition ranges between 0 and 11% wt.
C1 [Gong, X.; Kalidindi, S. R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta,
GA 30332 USA.
[Mohan, S.; Kalidindi, S. R.] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech
Engn, Atlanta, GA 30032 USA.
[Mendoza, M.; Collins, P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011
USA.
[Gray, A.] Univ North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
RP Kalidindi, SR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.; Kalidindi, SR (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol,
George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30032 USA.
EM surya.kalidindi@me.gatech.edu
FU National Science Foundation [1435237, 1606567]
FX XG, SK, PCC, and MM would like gratefully acknowledge support provided
by the National Science Foundation awards 1435237 and1606567
("DMREF/Collaborative Research: Collaboration to Accelerate the
Discovery of New Alloys for Additive Manufacturing").
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TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 2193-9764
EI 2193-9772
J9 INTEGR MATER MANUF I
JI Integr. Mater. Manuf. Innov.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 6
IS 3
BP 218
EP 228
DI 10.1007/s40192-017-0100-9
PG 11
GA FI1TF
UT WOS:000411716600002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Pirozzi, C
Franchitti, S
Borrelli, R
Caiazzo, F
Alfieri, V
Argenio, P
AF Pirozzi, Carmine
Franchitti, Stefania
Borrelli, Rosario
Caiazzo, Fabrizia
Alfieri, Vittorio
Argenio, Paolo
TI Study on the Factors Affecting the Mechanical Behavior of Electron Beam
Melted Ti6Al4V
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
LA English
DT Article
DE additive layer manufacturing; electron beam melting; material
characterization; mechanical behavior; microstructure analysis; titanium
alloy
ID MELTING EBM; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY
AB In this study, a mechanical characterization has been performed on EBM built Ti-
6Al-4V tensile samples. The results of tensile tests have shown a different
behavior between two sets of specimens: as built and machined ones. Supporting
investigations have been carried out in order to physically explain the statistical
difference of mechanical performances. Cylindrical samples which represent the
tensile specimens geometry have been EBM manufactured and then investigated in
their as built conditions from macrostructural and microstructural point of view.
In order to make robust this study, cylindrical samples have been EBM manufactured
with different size and at different height from build plate. The reason of this
choice was arisen from the need of understanding if other factors as the massivity
and specific location could affect the microstructure and defects generations
consequently influencing the mechanical behavior of the EBMed components. The
results of this study have proved that the irregularity of external circular
surfaces of examined cylinders, reducing significantly the true cross section
withstanding the applied load, has given a comprehensive physical explanation of
the different tensile behavior of the two sets of tensile specimens.
C1 [Pirozzi, Carmine; Franchitti, Stefania; Borrelli, Rosario] CIRA Italian Aerosp
Res Ctr, Mfg Proc Metall Mat Lab, I-81043 Capua, Italy.
[Caiazzo, Fabrizia; Alfieri, Vittorio; Argenio, Paolo] Univ Salerno, Dept Ind
Engn, Fisciano, Italy.
RP Pirozzi, C (reprint author), CIRA Italian Aerosp Res Ctr, Mfg Proc Metall Mat
Lab, I-81043 Capua, Italy.
EM c.pirozzi@cira.it
FU Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (MIUR)
[PON03PE_00111_2]
FX This work was performed in the frame of the project TIMA-RITAM
(PON03PE_00111_2) funded by the Italian Ministry of Education,
Universities and Research (MIUR). Authors would like to thank Marco
Nazzaro for his valuable technical contribution to the research
presented in this paper.
[Anonymous], 2016, E384 ASTM
Cardaropoli F, 2012, P I MECH ENG B-J ENG, V226, P1136, DOI
10.1177/0954405412441885
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10.1016/j.addma.2016.02.003
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.03.013
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Wooten J., 08AMT0061
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM
JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 26
IS 9
BP 4491
EP 4499
DI 10.1007/s11665-017-2894-1
PG 9
GA FH5JR
UT WOS:000411202500036
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hinderdael, M
Strantza, M
De Baere, D
Devesse, W
De Graeve, I
Terryn, H
Guillaume, P
AF Hinderdael, Michael
Strantza, Maria
De Baere, Dieter
Devesse, Wim
De Graeve, Iris
Terryn, Herman
Guillaume, Patrick
TI Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V Additively Manufactured Specimens with
Integrated Capillaries of an Embedded Structural Health Monitoring
System
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE structural health monitoring; fatigue; Ti-6Al-4V; additive
manufacturing; 3D printing; laser metal deposition; directed energy
deposition; eSHM
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; BEHAVIOR; DEFECTS
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals offers new possibilities for the
production of complex structures. Up to now, investigations on the mechanical
response of AM metallic parts show a significant spread and unexpected failures
cannot be excluded. In this work, we focus on the detection of fatigue cracks
through the integration of a Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system in Ti-6Al-4V
specimens. The working principle of the presented system is based on the
integration of small capillaries that are capable of detecting fatigue cracks.
Four-point bending fatigue tests have been performed on Ti-6Al-4V specimens with
integrated capillaries and compared to the reference specimenswithout capillaries.
Specimens were produced by conventional subtractive manufacturing of wrought
material and AM, using the laser based Directed Energy Deposition (DED) process. In
this study, we investigated the effect of the presence of the capillary on the
fatigue strength and fatigue initiation location. Finite element (FEM) simulations
were performed to validate the experimental test results. The presence of a drilled
capillary in the specimens did not alter the fatigue initiation location. However,
the laser based DED production process introduced roughness on the capillary
surface that altered the fatigue initiation location to the capillary surface. The
fatigue performance was greatly reduced when considering a printed capillary. It is
concluded that the surface quality of the integrated capillary is of primary
importance in order not to influence the structural integrity of the component to
be monitored.
C1 [Hinderdael, Michael; De Baere, Dieter; Devesse, Wim; Guillaume, Patrick] Vrije
Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Engn, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Strantza, Maria] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Mat & Construct, B-1050
Brussels, Belgium.
[De Graeve, Iris; Terryn, Herman] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Electrochem & Surface
Engn, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Hinderdael, M (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Engn, B-1050
Brussels, Belgium.
EM michael.hinderdael@vub.be; maria.strantza@vub.ac.be;
dieter.de.baere@vub.be; wim.devesse@vub.be; iris.de.graeve@vub.be;
herman.terryn@vub.be; patrick.guillaume@vub.be
OI Hinderdael, Michael/0000-0003-1783-3044
FU Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT)
FX The research work was financed by the Agency for Innovation by Science
and Technology in Flanders (IWT). The authors would like to thank
'Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO)' for the
production of the laser based DED specimens.
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[10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.816-817.134, DOI
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 9
AR 993
DI 10.3390/ma10090993
PG 19
GA FH9DC
UT WOS:000411506700013
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU He, BB
Chang, K
Wu, WH
Zhang, CL
AF He, Beibei
Chang, Kun
Wu, Wenheng
Zhang, Cailin
TI The formation mechanism of TiC reinforcement and improved tensile
strength in additive manufactured Ti matrix nanocomposite
SO VACUUM
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Nanocomposite; Microstructure; Tensile strength
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; LASER; COMPOSITES; MICROSTRUCTURE; GROWTH;
POWDER; ALLOY; FLOW
AB The nanoscale TiC reinforced Ti matrix nanocomposites with nearly full density
of 98.2% were fabricated by selective laser melting. Owing to the unique
metallurgical action of SLM, the TiC exhibited two typical morphologies: nanoscale
lamellar and submicron strip structures, and showed a uniform network distribution.
The formation mechanism of TiC was investigated in detail. The SLM-processed Ti
matrix nanocomposite possessed a significantly enhanced tensile strength of 914 MPa
due to the formation and uniform dispersion of nanoscale TiC. (C) 2017 Elsevier
C1 [Chang, Kun; Zhang, Cailin] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci &
Technol, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Chang, Kun] Shanghai Aircraft Design & Res Inst, Standard Mat Design Res Dept,
Jinke Rd 5188, Shanghai 200232, Peoples R China.
[He, Beibei; Wu, Wenheng] Shanghai Res Inst Mat, Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Printing
Mat 3D, Handan Rd 99, Shanghai 200437, Peoples R China.
RP He, BB (reprint author), Shanghai Res Inst Mat, Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Printing
Mat 3D, Handan Rd 99, Shanghai 200437, Peoples R China.
EM bonniebeibeihe@163.com
FU Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai [17ZR1409200]; Priority Academic
Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
FX The authors gratefully appreciate the financial support from the Natural
Science Foundation of Shanghai (17ZR1409200) and the Project Funded by
the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions (PAPD).
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NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 24
U2 24
PI OXFORD
SN 0042-207X
J9 VACUUM
JI Vacuum
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 143
BP 23
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.05.029
PG 5
GA FD6RF
UT WOS:000407654900004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Valoppi, B
Ghiotti, A
Bruschi, S
AF Valoppi, Beatrice
Ghiotti, Andrea
Bruschi, Stefania
TI Elevated temperature behaviour of Ti6Al4V sheets with
thermo-electro-chemical modified surfaces for biomedical applications
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART L-JOURNAL OF
MATERIALS-DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; sheet; surface modification; high temperature behaviour;
biomedical
ID TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; STRAIN-RATE; TITANIUM; DEFORMATION; IMPLANTS;
OSSEOINTEGRATION; BIOACTIVITY; FORMABILITY; ACID
AB Deformation at elevated temperature of Ti6Al4V sheets may represent a process
route alternative to machining and Additive Manufacturing (AM) operations to
produce biomedical implants characterized by a high surface-to-thickness-ratio. The
paper investigates the mechanical and microstructural behaviour at elevated
temperature of Ti6Al4V sheets whose surface was properly modified through thermo-
electro-chemical processes to enhance the roughness, and therefore
osseointegration, as well as bioactivity, to meet the requirements imposed by the
specific biomedical application. After the surface characterization, tensile tests
were carried out at different temperatures on samples modified on the surface in
order to investigate the ductility, microstructure and micro-hardness after
deformation and the effect of the surface treatments on them. The optimal surface
treatment and deformation temperature were identified, which assured, at the same
time, significant ductility increase compared to room temperature, and preservation
of the roughness and bioactivity characteristics.
C1 [Valoppi, Beatrice; Ghiotti, Andrea; Bruschi, Stefania] Univ Padua, Dept Ind
Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
RP Valoppi, B (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM beatrice.valoppi@dii.unipd.it
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1464-4207
EI 2041-3076
J9 P I MECH ENG L-J MAT
JI Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Pt. L-J. Mater.-Design Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 231
IS 6
BP 523
EP 533
DI 10.1177/1464420715601880
PG 11
GA FD4SA
UT WOS:000407519800003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Foster, BK
Beese, AM
Keist, JS
Mchale, ET
Palmer, TA
AF Foster, B. K.
Beese, A. M.
Keist, J. S.
Mchale, E. T.
Palmer, T. A.
TI Impact of Interlayer Dwell Time on Microstructure and Mechanical
Properties of Nickel and Titanium Alloys
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; RESIDUAL-STRESS; EVOLUTION; SOLIDIFICATION;
TI-6AL-4V; SUPERALLOY; TEXTURE
AB Path planning in additive manufacturing (AM) processes has an impact on the
thermal histories experienced at discrete locations in simple and complex AM
structures. One component of path planning in directed energy deposition is the
time required for the laser or heat source to return to a given location to add
another layer of material. As structures become larger and more complex, the length
of this interlayer dwell time can significantly impact the resulting thermal
histories. The impact of varying dwell times between 0 and 40 seconds on the
microstructural and mechanical properties of InconelA (R) 625 and Ti-6Al-4V builds
has been characterized. Even though these materials display different
microstructures and solid-state phase transformations, the addition of an
interlayer dwell generally led to a finer microstructure in both materials that
impacted the resulting mechanical properties. With the addition of interlayer dwell
times up to 40 seconds in the InconelA (R) 625 builds, finer secondary dendrite arm
spacing values, produced by changes in the thermal history, correspond to increased
yield and tensile strengths. These mechanical properties did not appear to change
significantly, however, for dwell times greater than 20 seconds in the InconelA (R)
625 builds, indicating that longer dwell times have a minimal impact. The addition
of interlayer dwell times in Ti-6Al-4V builds resulted in a slight decrease in the
measured alpha lath widths and a much more noticeable decrease in the width of
prior beta grains. In addition, the yield and tensile values continued to increase,
nearly reaching the values observed in the rolled plate substrate material with
dwell times up to 40 seconds.
C1 [Foster, B. K.; Keist, J. S.; Mchale, E. T.; Palmer, T. A.] Penn State Univ,
Appl Res Lab, POB 30, State Coll, PA 16804 USA.
[Beese, A. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802
USA.
RP Keist, JS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, POB 30, State Coll,
PA 16804 USA.
EM jsk25@psu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command
[N00024-02-D-6604, 0611, N00024-12-D-6404, 0001]
FX The material is based upon work supported by the Office of Naval
Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command under Contract No.
N00024-02-D-6604 Delivery order No. 0611, and Contract No.
N00024-12-D-6404 Delivery order No. 0001. Special thanks to Dr. William
Frazier, Dr. Madan Kittur, Ms. Malinda Pagett, Mr. Anthony Zaita, and
Dr. Edward Reutzel for their helpful discussions and recommendations. We
also acknowledge Mr. Jay Tressler and Mr. Griffin Jones for fabrication
of the wall structures, Ms. Beth Carroll for assistance with initial
tensile tests, Mr. Ed Good for use of his metallurgical laboratory, and
Dr. Abdalla Nassar for developing the code for measuring microstructural
features.
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NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2017
VL 48A
IS 9
BP 4411
EP 4422
DI 10.1007/s11661-017-4164-0
PG 12
Engineering
GA FB9VG
UT WOS:000406486700044
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Klassen, A
Forster, VE
Juechter, V
Korner, C
AF Klassen, Alexander
Forster, Vera E.
Juechter, Vera
Koerner, Carolin
TI Numerical simulation of multi-component evaporation during selective
electron beam melting of TiAl
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective electron beam melting; Thermal lattice
Boltzmann method; Multi-component evaporation; Titanium aluminide alloys
ID VAPORIZATION; ALLOYS
AB Powder-based additive manufacturing technologies such as selective laser melting
(SLM) and selective electron beam melting (SEBM) hold great promise for producing
high-value metal components with customized geometries. Development of scanning
strategies and prediction of optimal process parameters thereby remain key factors
for the fabrication of high-quality products without local inhomogeneities in alloy
composition or porosity.
In this contribution, the relation between energy input, evaporation and
residual porosity is numerically investigated on the titanium aluminide alloy Ti-
48A1-2Cr-2Nb. The numerical model is based on a lattice Boltzmann method and
includes hydrodynamics, thermodynamics and multi-component evaporation. Simulation
results show that the spatial distribution of alloying elements within the final
part is dominated by the advection of melt which is driven by surface tension and
evaporative recoil and influenced by the random arrangement of powder particles.
Regarding evaporation losses, the line energy appears to be of central importance,
as it strongly affects peak temperatures during processing. For a given melt
strategy there is a trade-off between porosity and loss of aluminum due to
evaporation. It is demonstrated that significant reductions in evaporation losses
can be achieved by application of a suitable beam scanning strategy. The presented
numerical findings are consistent with experimental data.
C1 [Klassen, Alexander; Forster, Vera E.; Juechter, Vera; Koerner, Carolin]
Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU, Chair Mat Sci & Engn Met, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Klassen, A (reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU,
Chair Mat Sci & Engn Met, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen,
Germany.
EM alexander.klassen@fau.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [KO 1984/9-2]; Cluster of Excellence
'Engineering of Advanced Materials' at Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat
Erlangen-Nurnberg
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the German Research
Foundation (DFG) within the project KO 1984/9-2 and from the Cluster of
Excellence 'Engineering of Advanced Materials' at
Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg.
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PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
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PY 2017
VL 247
BP 280
EP 288
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.04.016
PG 9
Multidisciplinary
GA EX3LK
UT WOS:000403133400027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gorsse, S
Hutchinson, C
Goune, M
Banerjee, R
AF Gorsse, Stephane
Hutchinson, Christopher
Goune, Mohamed
Banerjee, Rajarshi
TI Additive manufacturing of metals: a brief review of the characteristic
microstructures and properties of steels, Ti-6Al-4V and high-entropy
alloys
SO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; microstructure; Ti alloys; steels,
high entropy alloys
ID COMPLEX CONCENTRATED ALLOYS; LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STAINLESS-STEEL; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; FATIGUE PERFORMANCE;
FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; HEAT-TREATMENT
AB We present a brief review of the microstructures and mechanical properties of
selected metallic alloys processed by additive manufacturing (AM). Three different
alloys, covering a large range of technology readiness levels, are selected to
illustrate particular microstructural features developed by AM and clarify the
engineering paradigm relating process-microstructure-property. With Ti-6Al-4V the
emphasis is placed on the formation of metallurgical defects and microstructures
induced by AM and their role on mechanical properties. The effects of the large in-
built dislocation density, surface roughness and build atmosphere on mechanical and
damage properties are discussed using steels. The impact of rapid solidification
inherent to AM on phase selection is highlighted for high-entropy alloys. Using
property maps, published mechanical properties of additive manufactured alloys are
graphically summarized and compared to conventionally processed counterparts.
C1 [Gorsse, Stephane; Goune, Mohamed] Univ Bordeaux, ICMCB, CNRS, Pessac, France.
[Gorsse, Stephane] Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, Pessac, France.
[Hutchinson, Christopher] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic,
Australia.
[Hutchinson, Christopher] Monash Univ, Woodside Innovat Ctr, Clayton, Vic,
Australia.
[Banerjee, Rajarshi] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203
USA.
RP Gorsse, S (reprint author), Univ Bordeaux, ICMCB, CNRS, Pessac, France.; Gorsse,
S (reprint author), Bordeaux INP, ENSCBP, Pessac, France.
EM sgorsse@gmail.com
FU Woodside Energy; Australian Research Council (ARC) [LP160100918]
FX This work on stainless steel was financed by Woodside Energy in the
framework of the Woodside Innovation Centre located at Monash
University, and by the Australian Research Council (ARC) in the form of
a Linkage Project [LP160100918].
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[Anonymous], AVAILABLE MAT METAL
NR 117
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 110
U2 110
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1468-6996
EI 1878-5514
J9 SCI TECHNOL ADV MAT
JI Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater.
PD AUG 25
PY 2017
VL 18
IS 1
BP 584
EP 610
DI 10.1080/14686996.2017.1361305
PG 27
GA FF2OS
UT WOS:000408737300001
PM 28970868
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SY
Huang, JC
Pan, CT
Lin, CH
Yang, TL
Huang, YS
Ou, CH
Chen, LY
Lin, DY
Lin, HK
Li, TH
Jang, JSC
Yang, CC
AF Chen, S. Y.
Huang, J. C.
Pan, C. T.
Lin, C. H.
Yang, T. L.
Huang, Y. S.
Ou, C. H.
Chen, L. Y.
Lin, D. Y.
Lin, H. K.
Li, T. H.
Jang, J. S. C.
Yang, C. C.
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of open-cell porous Ti-6Al-4V
fabricated by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Ti alloy; Porosity; Mechanical property;
Additive manufacturing
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; INTERFACE MECHANICS; NITI ALLOY; PORE-SIZE;
TITANIUM; POROSITY; OSTEOGENESIS; BIOMATERIAL; SCAFFOLDS; FOAMS
AB The open-cell porous Ti-6Al-4V structure, intended to be applied as replacement
for human cortical and cancellous bone, are fabricated by selective laser melting
(SLM). The computer aided design (CAD) was used to design porous structures in
various porosity levels from 40% to 80% and with pore sizes from 600 to 1000 mm, in
order to fit the bone-tissue in-growth. The SLM porous samples with 40% to 70%
porosity matched well with the CAD structure, but the 80% porosity one was found to
be difficult to achieve the design. In comparison with the CAD structures and the
SLM samples, there are minor discrepancies in terms of pore size and ligament
width, mainly a result of laser beam broadening. To achieve more precise SLM porous
morphologies, further reduction of powder size and laser beam diameter would be
necessary. The measured data on the Young's modulus and yield strength of the SLM
porous samples can be roughly estimated by the Gibson and Ashby model. The sample
with 67% porosity was found to match best with human bone, with Young's modulus of
15 GPa and yield stress of 129 MPa, preventing from the risk of stress shielding
effect. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, S. Y.; Huang, J. C.; Chen, L. Y.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Mat &
Optoelect Sci, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
[Huang, J. C.] City Univ Hong Kong, Inst Adv Study, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples
R China.
[Pan, C. T.; Lin, C. H.; Yang, T. L.; Huang, Y. S.; Ou, C. H.] Natl Sun Yat Sen
Univ, Dept Mech & Electromech Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
[Lin, D. Y.; Yang, C. C.] Ind Technol Res Inst, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan.
[Lin, H. K.] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Grad Inst Mat Engn, Pingtung
91201, Taiwan.
[Li, T. H.; Jang, J. S. C.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, Taoyuan 32001,
Taiwan.
RP Huang, JC (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Mat & Optoelect Sci,
Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
EM jacobc@mail.nsysu.edu.tw
RI Pan, CT/E-4776-2013
OI HUANG, Jacob Chih Ching/0000-0001-6843-3396
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, ROC [MOST
103-2218-E-110-011]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the sponsorship from Ministry of
Science and Technology of Taiwan, ROC, under the project No. MOST
103-2218-E-110-011 and the 3D printing support from Industrial
Technology Research Institute (ITRI).
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NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 56
U2 114
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD AUG 5
PY 2017
VL 713
BP 248
EP 254
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.190
PG 7
GA EW0VB
UT WOS:000402208200030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, C
Zhang, M
Chen, CJ
AF Liu, Chang
Zhang, Min
Chen, Changjun
TI Effect of laser processing parameters on porosity, microstructure and
mechanical properties of porous Mg-Ca alloys produced by laser additive
manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Mg-Ca alloy; Laser additive manufacturing; Porosity; Microstructure;
Mechanical property
ID BACKSCATTER DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS; MAGNESIUM ALLOYS; TITANIUM;
BIOMATERIALS; PERFORMANCE; FORMABILITY; SUPERALLOY; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR;
STRAINS
AB Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) was used to fabricate porous Mg-Ca alloys and
the effect of laser processing parameters on porosity, surface morphology,
microstructure, microhardness and compression performance were investigated. The
results indicate that the porosity and surface morphology of the LAMed samples
depend on the laser energy input. When energy density is between 875 J/mm(3) and
1000 J/mm(3), the porosity of porous magnesium alloy is between 18.48% and 24.60%,
and at this time, the samples with better surface quality can be obtained. The
LAMed porous Mg-Ca alloy shows overlapped cladding lines and periodic morphological
features. With the farther away from the molten pool, the grains show a transition
from equiaxed crystal to columnar crystal and the grain size increases. All the
LAMed samples only consist of a-Mg phase and a lesser degree of MgO phase. The
microhardness of LAMed samples is between 60 HV and 68 HV and the microhardness is
superior to that of as-cast pure magnesium, which is mainly attributed to the grain
refinement and solid solution strengthening. As laser energy input increases, the
porosity decreases and the compression performance enhances meanwhile. The LAMed
porous Mg-Ca alloy is a promising biodegradable material for future clinical
application.
C1 [Liu, Chang; Zhang, Min; Chen, Changjun] Soochow Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn,
Laser Proc Res Ctr, Suzhou 215021, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, M (reprint author), Soochow Univ, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Laser Proc Res
Ctr, Suzhou 215021, Peoples R China.
EM zhangmin7822@suda.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51104110]; fund of the
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous
Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology [SKLAB02014006]; Suzhou Science
and Technology Bureau [SYG201642]
FX The authors are gratefully acknowledged financial support from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51104110). This work
is supported by the fund of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced
Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of
Technology (No. SKLAB02014006) and Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau
(No. SYG201642).
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.02.032
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 23
U2 23
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD AUG 4
PY 2017
VL 703
BP 359
EP 371
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.07.031
PG 13
GA FI5OV
UT WOS:000412034600040
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Rontescu, C
Cicic, DT
Bogatu, AM
Amza, CG
Chivu, OR
AF Rontescu, Corneliu
Cicic, Dumitru Titi
Bogatu, Ana Maria
Amza, Catalin Gheorghe
Chivu, Oana Roxana
TI Research Regarding the Analysis of the Samples Used for Prosthetics and
Medical Instruments Obtained by Sintering
LA English
DT Article
DE prostheses; medical instruments; metal powder; DMLS
ID BIOCOMPATIBLE TITANIUM-ALLOYS; CR ALLOY; CO-CR; CORROSION; QUALITY
AB The present paper presents the results of the analysis made on samples obtained
by additive manufacturing processes, necessary to realize prostheses and medical
instruments. The samples were obtained by melting fine metal powder of Co-Cr by
rapid prototyping process - Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). The examination of
the samples (by methods of optical microscopic, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
and the spectroscopy method of X-ray energy dispersion) revealed that the surface
of the obtained components contains incomplete melting areas whose size depends on
the shape of the surface and the meshing level of the 3D model.
C1 [Rontescu, Corneliu; Cicic, Dumitru Titi; Bogatu, Ana Maria; Amza, Catalin
Gheorghe; Chivu, Oana Roxana] Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Engn & Management
RP Cicic, DT (reprint author), Univ Politehn Bucuresti, Fac Engn & Management
EM dumitru.cicic@gmail.com
RI Cicic, Dumitru - Titi/B-9710-2015
OI Cicic, Dumitru - Titi/0000-0003-4758-7235
FU University Politehnica of Bucharest, through the Excellence Research
Grants Program, UPB - GEX [32/26.09.2016]
FX This work has been funded by University Politehnica of Bucharest,
through the Excellence Research Grants Program, UPB - GEX. Identifier:
UPB-EXCELENTA-2016 Titanium and titanium alloys prostheses and medical
instruments reconditioning, Contract number 32/26.09.2016.
CR Baila DI, 2016, METALURGIJA, V55, P663
Baila Diana Irinel, 2015, Applied Mechanics and Materials, V760, P521, DOI
Bayramoglu G, 2000, J ORAL REHABIL, V27, P563, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-
2842.2000.00549.x
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Bissett H, 2015, J S AFR I MIN METALL, V115, P937
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Hancu V, 2014, REV CHIM-BUCHAREST, V65, P706
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VOICULESCU I., 2010, METALOGRAFIA IMBINAR
Yan Y, 2007, TRIBOL INT, V40, P1492, DOI 10.1016/j.triboint.2007.02.019
[Anonymous], 583242014 ISO
[Anonymous], E46615 ASTM
[Anonymous], F1537 ASTM
[Anonymous], 650812015 EN ISO
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI BUCHAREST
SN 0034-7752
JI Rev. Chim.
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 68
IS 8
BP 1854
EP 1857
PG 4
GA FG5QV
UT WOS:000410388000037
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CL
Gao, Y
Zhang, GY
AF Wang Chenglei
Gao Yuan
Zhang Guangyao
TI Effect of CeO2 Addition on Interface Structure and Corrosion Resistance
of Laser Cladding Additive Manufactured Ni60 Alloy Layers on the Surface
of Al Alloys
SO RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE laser additive manufacturing; aluminum alloy; CeO2; nickel-base;
corrosion resistance
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Ni60 alloy layers with different contents of rare-earth CeO2 were prepared on
the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy by laser additive manufacturing. The effects of
rare earth CeO2 addition on microstructure, phase structure and corrosion
resistance of bonding interface between Ni60-CeO2 alloy layers and substrate were
investigated by OM, XRD, SEM and electrochemical corrosion tester. Results show
that 4%similar to 5% CeO2+Ni60 alloy layers have the best surface morphology. It is
difficult to obtain a good alloy layer when the CeO2 content is less than 3%. There
are less surface pores, shedding and other defects when CeO2 content is between 5%
and 10%. For the cross-section morphology, the alloy layers are prone to crack when
the CeO2 content is between 0% and 2%. The main defect is porosity when the content
is from 5% to 10%. The 4% CeO2+Ni60 alloy layer has no obvious pores and cracks,
with a relatively good cross-section morphology. Adding 4% CeO2 can improve the
organizational structure of Ni60 alloy layer, promote grain refinement and uniform
structure distribution. Adding different contents of CeO2 can improve aluminum
surface morphology in Ni60 alloy layers, and the preferred amount of rare earth
CeO2 is 4% CeO2. Electrochemical corrosion tests show that the corrosion resistance
of CeO2+Ni60 alloy layer is 4.23 times as that of Ni60 alloy layer in 1 mol/L H2SO4
solution. In 3.5% NaCl solution, the corrosion resistance of CeO2+Ni60 alloy layer
is 1.43 times as that of Ni60 alloy layer. In 1 mol/L NaOH solution, the corrosion
resistance of CeO2+Ni60 alloy layer is 1.42 times as that of Ni60 alloy layer.
C1 [Wang Chenglei; Gao Yuan; Zhang Guangyao] Guilin Univ Elect Technol, Guilin
RP Gao, Y (reprint author), Guilin Univ Elect Technol, Guilin 541004, Peoples R
China.
EM clw0919@163.com; 13978375394@163.com
CR Edwards P, 2013, J MANUF SCI E-T ASME, V135, DOI 10.1115/1.4025773
Gao Y, 2011, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V40, P309
Li HX, 2013, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V42, P209
Song MH, 2014, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V214, P701, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.09.023
[苏海军 Su Haijun], 2013, [中国有色金属学报, The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous
Metals], V23, P1567
V35, P2690
Zhang A, 2014, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V43, P1686
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU NORTHWEST INST NONFERROUS METAL RESEARCH
PI SHAANXI
PA C/O RARE METAL MATERIAL ENGINEERING PRESS, PO BOX 51, XIAN, SHAANXI
710016, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1002-185X
J9 RARE METAL MAT ENG
JI Rare Metal Mat. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 46
IS 8
BP 2306
EP 2312
PG 7
Engineering
GA FG0GI
UT WOS:000409396900047
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez-Nava, E
Tammas-Williams, S
Smith, C
Leonard, F
Withers, PJ
Todd, I
Goodall, R
AF Hernandez-Nava, Everth
Tammas-Williams, Samuel
Smith, Christopher
Leonard, Fabien
Withers, Philip J.
Todd, Iain
Goodall, Russell
TI X-ray Tomography Characterisation of Lattice Structures Processed by
Selective Electron Beam Melting
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE cellular solids; additive manufacturing; computed tomography; titanium
alloys
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V
AB Metallic lattice structures intentionally contain open porosity; however, they
can also contain unwanted closed porosity within the structural members. The
entrained porosity and defects within three different geometries of Ti-6Al-4V
lattices, fabricated by Selective Electron Beam Melting (SEBM), is assessed from X-
ray computed tomography (CT) scans. The results suggest that horizontal struts that
are built upon loose powder show particularly high (similar to 20 x 10(-3) vol %)
levels of pores, as do nodes at which many (in our case 24) struts meet. On the
other hand, for struts more closely aligned (0 degrees to 54 degrees) to the build
direction, the fraction of porosity appears to be much lower (similar to 0.17 x
10(-3)%) arising mainly from pores contained within the original atomised powder
particles.
C1 [Hernandez-Nava, Everth; Tammas-Williams, Samuel; Smith, Christopher; Todd,
Iain; Goodall, Russell] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Sir Robert Hadfield
Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S13 JD, S Yorkshire, England.
[Leonard, Fabien] Bundesanstalt Mat Forsch & Eprufung BAM, Unter Eichen 87, D-
12205 Berlin, Germany.
[Withers, Philip J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Henry Moseley Xray Imaging Facil,
Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
RP Hernandez-Nava, E (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci Engn, Sir
Robert Hadfield Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S13 JD, S Yorkshire, England.
EM e.hernandeznava@sheffield.ac.uk; s.tammas-williams@sheffield.ac.uk;
chrisjsmith@sheffield.ac.uk; fabien.leonard@bam.de;
p.j.withers@manchester.ac.uk; iain.todd@sheffield.ac.uk;
r.goodall@sheffield.ac.uk
RI Leonard, Fabien/K-5161-2014
OI Leonard, Fabien/0000-0001-5014-9901
FU EPSRC Designing Alloys for Resource Efficiency (DARE) program
[EP/L025213/1]; EPSRC [EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1, EP/M010619/1];
European Research Council (ERC) (H-ERC-ADG) CORREL-CT (Multiscale
Correlative Research) [695638]
FX The authors acknowledge funding from the EPSRC Designing Alloys for
Resource Efficiency (DARE) program (EP/L025213/1). In addition we
gratefully acknowledge the EPSRC for funding the Henry Moseley X-ray
Imaging Facility through grants (EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1 and
EP/M010619/1). Philip J. Withers is supported by the European Research
Council (ERC) (H2020-ERC-ADG project number 695638) CORREL-CT
(Multiscale Correlative Research).
0397-x
Amendola A, 2015, COMPOS STRUCT, V131, P66, DOI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.04.038
Bauereiss A, 2014, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V214, P2522, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.05.002
Elizondo E., 2016, THESIS
Hernandez-Nava E, 2016, ACTA MATER, V108, P279, DOI
10.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.029
Hernandez-Nava E, 2015, ACTA MATER, V85, P387, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.10.058
LAKES R, 1987, SCIENCE, V235, P1038, DOI 10.1126/science.235.4792.1038
Leonard F, 2012, ASS XRAY CT EFF GEOM, P85
Stevenson G, 2016, BIOTECHNOL BIOENG, V113, P1586, DOI 10.1002/bit.25919
Tammas-Williams S, 2015, MATER CHARACT, V102, P47, DOI
10.1016/j.matchar.2015.02.008
016-3429-3
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 8
AR 300
DI 10.3390/met7080300
PG 12
Engineering
GA FF3TQ
UT WOS:000408843200019
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Korosteleva, EN
Korzhova, VV
Krinitcyn, MG
AF Korosteleva, Elena N.
Korzhova, Victoria V.
Krinitcyn, Maksim G.
TI Sintering Behavior and Microstructure of TiC-Me Composite Powder
Prepared by SHS
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE titanium carbide; self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS);
metal binder; composite powders; sintering
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS; TITANIUM CARBIDE; CERMETS; METAL
AB Titanium, its alloys, and refractory compounds are often used in the
compositions of surfacing materials. In particular, under the conditions of
electron-beam surfacing the use of synthesized composite powder based on titanium
carbide with a metal binder (TiC-Me) has a positive effect. These powders have been
prepared via the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) present in a
thermally-inert metal binder. The initial carbide particle distribution changes
slightly in the surfacing layer in the high-energy rapid process of electron-beam
surfacing. However, these methods also have their limitations. The development of
technologies and equipment using low-energy sources is assumed. In this case, the
question of the structure formation of composite materials based on titanium
carbide remains open, if a low-energy and prolonged impact in additive
manufacturing will be used. This work reports the investigation of the sintered
powders that were previously synthesized by the layerwise combustion mode of a
mixture of titanium, carbon black, and metal binders of various types. The problems
of structure formation during vacuum sintering of multi-component powder materials
obtained as a result of SHS are considered. The microstructure and dependences of
the sintered composites densification on the sintering temperature and the
composition of the SH-synthesized powder used are presented. It has been shown that
under the conditions of the nonstoichiometric synthesized titanium carbide during
subsequently vacuum sintering an additional alloy formation occurs that can lead to
a consolidation (shrinkage) or volumetric growth of sintered TiC-Me composite
depending on the type of metal matrix used.
C1 [Korosteleva, Elena N.; Krinitcyn, Maksim G.] Tomsk Polytech Univ, Dept High
Technol Phys Mech Engn, 30 Lenin Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Korosteleva, Elena N.; Korzhova, Victoria V.; Krinitcyn, Maksim G.] Russian
Acad Sci, Inst Strength Phys & Mat Sci, Siberian Branch, 2-4,Pr Akad Skii, Tomsk
634055, Russia.
RP Korosteleva, EN (reprint author), Tomsk Polytech Univ, Dept High Technol Phys
Mech Engn, 30 Lenin Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia.; Korosteleva, EN (reprint author),
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Strength Phys & Mat Sci, Siberian Branch, 2-4,Pr Akad Skii,
Tomsk 634055, Russia.
EM elenak@ispms.tsc.ru; vicvic5@mail.ru; krinmax@gmail.com
FU Russian Science Foundation [17-19-01425]
FX The research was funded from Russian Science Foundation, grant number
17-19-01425. The experimental calculations were carried out at Tomsk
Polytechnic University within the framework of Tomsk Polytechnic
University Competitiveness Enhancement Program grant.
CR Cui CX, 2011, MATER DESIGN, V32, P1684, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2010.09.011
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Yang YF, 2008, J AM CERAM SOC, V91, P2736, DOI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02486.x
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 8
AR 290
DI 10.3390/met7080290
PG 10
Engineering
GA FF3TQ
UT WOS:000408843200009
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Razavi, SMJ
Ferro, P
Berto, F
AF Razavi, Seyed-Mohammad-Javad
Ferro, Paolo
Berto, Filippo
TI Fatigue Assessment of Ti-6Al-4V Circular Notched Specimens Produced by
Selective Laser Melting
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; circular notch; fatigue; selective laser melting
(SLM); titanium alloy
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; STRENGTH
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) offers the potential to economically produce
customized components with complex geometries in a shorter design-to-manufacture
cycle. However, the basic understanding of the fatigue behavior of these materials
must be substantially improved at all scale levels before the unique features of
this rapidly developing technology can be used in critical load bearing
applications. This work aims to assess the fatigue strength of Ti-6Al-4V smooth and
circular notched samples produced by selective laser melting (SLM). Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the fracture surface of the
broken samples in order to identify crack initiation points and fracture
mechanisms. Despite the observed fatigue strength reduction induced by circular
notched specimens compared to smooth specimens, notched samples showed a very low
notch sensitivity attributed both to hexagonal crystal lattice characteristics of
tempered alpha prime grains and to surface defects induced by the SLM process
itself.
C1 [Razavi, Seyed-Mohammad-Javad; Berto, Filippo] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol
NTNU, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Richard Birkelands Vei 2b, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Ferro, Paolo] Univ Padua, Dept Engn & Management, Stradella San Nicola 3, I-
36100 Vicenza, Italy.
RP Berto, F (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol NTNU, Dept Mech & Ind
Engn, Richard Birkelands Vei 2b, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM javad.razavi@ntnu.no; ferro@gest.unipd.it; filippo.berto@ntnu.no
CR Ayatollahi Majid Reza, 2017, Materials Science Forum, V879, P3, DOI
Berto F, 2014, MATER DESIGN, V54, P57, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.013
Berto F, 2013, CARBON, V63, P101, DOI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.06.045
Berto F, 2011, MATER DESIGN, V32, P822, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2010.07.017
Blattmeier M, 2012, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V18, P161, DOI
10.1108/13552541211212140
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de Lacalle LNL, 2002, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V123, P292
Domashenkov A., 2017, ADDIT MANUF, V15, P66, DOI [10.1016/j.addma.2017.03.008,
DOI 10.1016/J.ADDMA.2017.03.008]
Hosseini S., 2012, BIOMEDICAL ENG TECHN
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.025
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Lee Y. S., 2016, Additive Manufacturing, V12, P178, DOI
10.1016/j.addma.2016.05.003
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
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10.1016/j.addma.2016.05.005
Krahmer DM, 2016, EXP TECHNIQUES, V40, P1555, DOI 10.1007/s40799-016-0134-5
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10.1016/j.engfracmech.2016.11.013
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Vaithilingam J., 2012, P SOL FREEF FABR SFF
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Yadroitsev I, 2011, PHYSCS PROC, V12, P264, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2011.03.034
Yang L., 2014, P SOL FREEF FABR SFF
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 8
AR 291
DI 10.3390/met7080291
PG 10
Engineering
GA FF3TQ
UT WOS:000408843200010
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Borkar, T
Chaudhary, V
Gwalani, B
Choudhuri, D
Mikler, CV
Soni, V
Alam, T
Ramanujan, RV
Banerjee, R
AF Borkar, Tushar
Chaudhary, Varun
Gwalani, Bharat
Choudhuri, Deep
Mikler, Calvin V.
Soni, Vishal
Alam, Talukder
Ramanujan, Raju V.
Banerjee, Rajarshi
TI A Combinatorial Approach for Assessing the Magnetic Properties of High
Entropy Alloys: Role of Cr in AlCoxCr1-xFeNi
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MULTICOMPONENT (TI;
TITANIUM-VANADIUM; MICROSCOPY; DEPOSITION; ZR; NI
AB A combinatorial assessment of composition-microstructure-magnetic property
relationships in magnetic high entropy AlCoxCr1-xFeNi alloy (0x1) system has been
carried out using compositionally graded alloys fabricated via laser additive
manufacturing. At one end, the AlCoFeNi composition (x=1) consisted of equiaxed B2
grains, exhibiting very early stages of phase separation (only compositional
partitioning) into Ni-Al rich and Fe-Co rich regions within grains of the B2 phase.
At the other extreme, the AlCrFeNi composition (x=0) exhibited grains with
pronounced spinodal decomposition, resulting in a B2+bcc microstructure with the
degree of spinodal decomposition progressively increasing with Cr content in these
AlCoxCr1-xFeNi alloys. While the saturation magnetization (M-s) monotonically
increases six times from x=0 to x=1, the coercivity (H-c) variation is non-
monotonic, increasing seven times from x=0 to x=0.4, and subsequently decreasing
fourteen times from x=0.4 to x=1.0. The magnetic phase transition temperature (T-c)
for these alloys also increases monotonically with increasing Co content with a
second phase transition exhibited in a certain range of compositions between x=0.6
to x=0.8. Such substantial changes in the magnetization behavior and properties of
magnetic high entropy systems opens possibilities of tuning these alloys for
specific soft or hard magnetic component applications.
C1 [Borkar, Tushar; Gwalani, Bharat; Choudhuri, Deep; Mikler, Calvin V.; Soni,
Vishal; Alam, Talukder; Banerjee, Rajarshi] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Denton, TX 76207 USA.
[Chaudhary, Varun; Ramanujan, Raju V.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
[Gwalani, Bharat; Choudhuri, Deep; Mikler, Calvin V.; Soni, Vishal; Alam,
Talukder] Univ North Texas, Adv Mat & Mfg Proc Inst, Denton, TX 76207 USA.
76207 USA.
RI Choudhuri, Deep/M-5843-2016
OI Choudhuri, Deep/0000-0001-9590-9855
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NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 20
U2 20
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1438-1656
EI 1527-2648
J9 ADV ENG MATER
JI Adv. Eng. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 19
IS 8
AR 1700048
DI 10.1002/adem.201700048
PG 13
GA FF1DJ
UT WOS:000408639700030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Iebba, M
Astarita, A
Mistretta, D
Colonna, I
Liberini, M
Scherillo, F
Pirozzi, C
Borrelli, R
Franchitti, S
Squillace, A
AF Iebba, Maurizio
Astarita, Antonello
Mistretta, Daniela
Colonna, Ivano
Liberini, Mariacira
Scherillo, Fabio
Pirozzi, Carmine
Borrelli, Rosario
Franchitti, Stefania
Squillace, Antonino
TI Influence of Powder Characteristics on Formation of Porosity in Additive
Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V Components
LA English
DT Article
DE defects; EBM; metallography; SLM; Ti6Al4V
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR;
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; TECHNOLOGIES; EVOLUTION;
DEFECTS; BED
AB This paper aims to study the genesis of defects in titanium components made
through two different additive manufacturing technologies: selective laser melting
and electron beam melting. In particular, we focussed on the influence of the
powders used on the formation of porosities and cavities in the manufactured
components. A detailed experimental campaign was carried out to characterize the
components made through the two additive manufacturing techniques aforementioned
and the powders used in the process. It was found that some defects of the final
components can be attributed to internal porosities of the powders used in the
manufacturing process. These internal porosities are a consequence of the gas
atomization process used for the production of the powders themselves. Therefore,
the importance of using tailored powders, free from porosities, in order to
manufacture components with high mechanical properties is highlighted.
C1 [Iebba, Maurizio; Mistretta, Daniela; Colonna, Ivano] ALA SpA, Ala Corp, Viale A
Gramsci 16, I-80122 Naples, Italy.
[Astarita, Antonello; Liberini, Mariacira; Scherillo, Fabio; Squillace,
Antonino] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Chem Mat & Prod Engn, Ple Tecchio 80,
Naples, Italy.
[Pirozzi, Carmine; Borrelli, Rosario; Franchitti, Stefania] CIRA Italian Aerosp
Res Ctr, Via Maiorise Snc, Capua, Italy.
RP Iebba, M (reprint author), ALA SpA, Ala Corp, Viale A Gramsci 16, I-80122
Naples, Italy.; Astarita, A (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Chem
Mat & Prod Engn, Ple Tecchio 80, Naples, Italy.
EM attilio.scala@unina.it; antonello.astarita@unina.it
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 28
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 26
IS 8
BP 4138
EP 4147
DI 10.1007/s11665-017-2796-2
PG 10
GA FE1RD
UT WOS:000407994400054
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Knoll, H
Ocylok, S
Weisheit, A
Springer, H
Jagle, E
Raabe, D
AF Knoll, Helene
Ocylok, Soern
Weisheit, Andreas
Springer, Hauke
Jaegle, Eric
Raabe, Dierk
TI Combinatorial Alloy Design by Laser Additive Manufacturing
SO STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE laser additive manufacturing; combinatorial synthesis; alloy design;
tool steel; maraging steel
ID DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION; HIGH-MODULUS STEELS; COMMERCIALLY PURE
TITANIUM; HIGH ENTROPY ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; AUSTENITE
REVERSION; STAINLESS-STEEL; MARAGING-STEEL; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS;
PLASTIC-DEFORMATION
AB The authors uses laser additive manufacturing (LAM) as a combinatorial method
for synthesizing microstructurally and compositionally piecewise graded bulk
alloys. Authors fabricate blocks consisting of a sequence of approximate to 500 m
thick tool steel layers, each with different chemical composition, by laser metal
deposition where alloy powders are deposited layer-wise on a substrate. The
reference materials are a Cr-Mo-V hot working tool steel and a Ni-based maraging
steel. The layers between them consist of corresponding blends of the two materials
with varying composition from layer to layer (alloy volume fractions 80:20, 60:40,
40:60, and 20:80). The bulk alloy is hot rolled and heat treated. Subsequently each
layer is characterized for microstructure, chemical composition and mechanical
properties using electron back scatter diffraction, tensile testing, and
indentation. The approach is an efficient high-throughput method enabling rapid
probing of novel compositional alloy blends. It can be applied for finding new
alloys both, by LAM and for LAM. For the tool steel blends synthesized here,
authors observe that the Cr-Mo-V tool steel, when mixed with the Ni-base maraging
steel, can be continuously tuned for a strength-ductility profile in the range of
800-1650 MPa strength and 15-25% tensile elongation.
C1 [Knoll, Helene; Springer, Hauke; Jaegle, Eric; Raabe, Dierk] Max Planck Inst
Eisenforsch GmbH, Dept Microstruct Phys & Alloy Design, Max Planck Str 1, D-40237
Dusseldorf, Germany.
[Ocylok, Soern; Weisheit, Andreas] Fraunhofer Inst Lasertech FhG ILT,
Steinbachstr 15, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
RP Raabe, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Eisenforsch GmbH, Dept Microstruct
Phys & Alloy Design, Max Planck Str 1, D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany.
EM d.raabe@mpie.de
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NR 72
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 36
U2 36
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1611-3683
EI 1869-344X
J9 STEEL RES INT
JI Steel Res. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 88
IS 8
AR UNSP 1600416
DI 10.1002/srin.201600416
PG 11
GA FC3EI
UT WOS:000406720700010
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ellyson, B
Chekir, N
Brochu, M
Brochu, M
AF Ellyson, Benjamin
Chekir, Nejib
Brochu, Mathieu
Brochu, Myriam
TI Characterization of bending vibration fatigue of WBD fabricated
Ti-6A1-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Wire beam deposition; Additive manufacturing; Vibration
fatigue; Fractography
ID MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V; CYCLE FATIGUE; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; WIRE;
FREQUENCY; ALLOYS; BEAM
AB Wire Beam Deposition (WBD) is an Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique used in
creating thick or thin geometries from wire stock. This technique has recently
generated interest in the aerospace field for its potential to fabricate high
performance, defect-free materials while minimizing post-processing and achieving
high buy-to-fly ratios. Also, vibration fatigue is a technique used to generate
fatigue data representative of turbine blade and vane High Cycle Fatigue (HCF)
failure conditions. In this work, cantilever vibration bending fatigue of Ti-6AI-4V
produced by WBD is studied. Tensile strength results are also briefly presented.
Specifically, the Failure Probability Distribution (FPD) for 10(7) cycles is
quantified using the Dixon-Mood staircase method. Additionally, fractography and
microstructure data are used to supplement fatigue results and understand the
failure mechanisms of the studied material states. Lastly, SLM fatigue and 3D
vibrometry data are used to perform a comparative analysis of vibration fatigue
performance of these two AM processes. The study finds that high deposition speeds
lead to high fatigue performance. The material deposited at 454.66 mm/min had a
performance nearly isotropic in nature and surpassing that of the reference
material (AMS 4911). It was also found that WBD produced Ti-6AI-4V has a slightly
lower crack nucleation resistance than the best-case SLM material, while showing a
narrower spread for failure probability. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Ellyson, Benjamin; Brochu, Myriam] Ecole Polytech, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Chekir, Nejib; Brochu, Mathieu] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Ellyson, B (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
EM benjamin.ellyson@gmail.com
FU CRIAQ [MANU-601/NSERC CRD]
FX The author would like to acknowledge the "Consortium de recherche et
innovation en aeronautique du Quebec" (CRIAQ), the Ecole Polytechnique
de Montreal and McGill University, as well as Bell Helicopter Textron
Canada, Bombardier, Edmit, GE, Heroux-Devtek, Liburdi, MDA and Pratt
Whitney Canada for their project contribution under the CRIAQ
MANU-601/NSERC CRD grant. Also, the author would like to thank GE
Aviation for the use of their testing equipment, Liburdi for the
production of the samples and Heroux-Devtek for the use of their SEM.
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10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
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NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD AUG
PY 2017
VL 101
BP 36
EP 44
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.03.045
PN 1
PG 9
GA EY0GD
UT WOS:000403635300005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Agius, D
Kourousis, KI
Wallbrink, C
Song, TT
AF Agius, Dylan
Kourousis, Kyriakos I.
Wallbrink, Chris
Song, Tingting
TI Cyclic plasticity and microstructure of as-built SLM Ti-6Al-4V: The
effect of build orientation
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium; Cyclic plasticity; Hardening;
Softening
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; ADDITIVELY MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RESIDUAL-STRESS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR;
DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; PERFORMANCE; DECOMPOSITION;
MARTENSITE
AB This paper investigates the cyclic elastoplastic anisotropy of Ti-6Al-4V
manufactured via selective laser melting, caused by different build orientations.
Tensile monotonic and cyclic stepped symmetric strain-controlled tests on coupons
manufactured at 0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees build orientations were
performed for both the SLM material and for a mill annealed material. The
microstructure characteristics of the SLM material were examined through optical
and electron microscopy revealing a unique alpha' martensite microstructure. The
examination of the evolving tensile and compressive maximum stresses identified an
interesting phenomenon, that of asymmetric cyclic softening. This phenomenon was
observed only in the SLM Ti-6Al-4V, while its wrought counterpart confirmed the
findings of past research reported in the literature. The residual stresses
presented in the SLM coupons had a significant influence on the cyclic behaviour of
the material. Mechanical anisotropy in both monotonic and cyclic tests was noticed
with the diagonal (45 degrees) coupon having the largest yield stress in both
loading conditions. The findings of this research study can be very useful in
engineering applications utilising as-built SLM materials.
C1 [Agius, Dylan; Kourousis, Kyriakos I.; Song, Tingting] RMIT Univ, Sch Engn,
Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Kourousis, Kyriakos I.] Univ Limerick, Sch Engn, Co Limerick, Limerick,
Ireland.
[Wallbrink, Chris] Def Sci & Technol Grp, Fishermans Bend, Vic, Australia.
RP Kourousis, KI (reprint author), Univ Limerick, Sch Engn, Co Limerick, Limerick,
Ireland.
EM kyriakos.kourousis@ul.ie
RI Kourousis, Kyriakos/G-6993-2011
OI Kourousis, Kyriakos/0000-0003-0861-4931
FU Defence Science and Technology (DST) Group of the Australian Department
of Defence (DSTO-RMIT) [2014/1032188/1]
FX The financial support of the Defence Science and Technology (DST) Group
of the Australian Department of Defence (DSTO-RMIT Research Agreement
ref. 2014/1032188/1) is acknowledged.
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NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 27
U2 27
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JUL 31
PY 2017
VL 701
BP 85
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.06.069
PG 16
GA FC6ZA
UT WOS:000406989000009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bilgin, GM
Esen, Z
Akin, SK
Dericioglu, AF
AF Bilgin, Guney Mert
Esen, Ziya
Akin, Seniz Kushan
Dericioglu, Arcan F.
TI Optimization of the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated
by selective laser melting using thermohydrogen processes
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Titanium alloy;
Thermochemical processes; Thermo hydrogen process
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; HYDROGEN
TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; ELEMENT; PARTS
AB 2-step Thermo Hydrogen Process (THP) including hydrogenation and dehydrogenation
steps was applied to Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM)
process to refine the microstructure and to increase the ductility of the alloy. It
was observed that as-fabricated alloy's surface was composed of oxides of titanium
and aluminum, which may alter the hydrogenation kinetics. The hydrogen treatment
for 1 hat 650 degrees C, the maximum hydrogen solubility temperature of the alloy,
transformed starting non-equilibrium alpha'-martensitic phase to 13 and 8 (TiH2)
phases. On the other hand, very fine discontinuous beta-phase was formed along with
alpha-phase as a result of dehydrogenation at 700 degrees C for 18 h, which
decreased the hydrogen level well below the starting value and caused
transformation of delta-phase to fine alpha-phase. In contrast to commonly used THP
treatments consisting of betatizing at high temperature, 2-step treatment prevented
grain boundary alpha-phase formation as well as excessive grain growth. About 110%
and 240% increments were detected in % Elongation (EL) and % Reduction in Area (RA)
values, respectively, as a result of 2-step THP, while the strength decrease was
limited to 10%. The change in ductility of the alloy was also verified by
transformation of flat and shiny fracture surfaces seen in SLM fabricated alloy to
a fracture surface containing equiaxed dimples after THP treatment. The hardness
drop in the alloy after hydrogenation and dehydrogenation treatments was attributed
to relief of residual stress and formation of equilibrium alpha and beta-phases.
C1 [Bilgin, Guney Mert; Dericioglu, Arcan F.] Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat
Engn, Ankara, Turkey.
[Esen, Ziya; Akin, Seniz Kushan] Cankaya Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ankara,
Turkey.
RP Dericioglu, AF (reprint author), Middle East Tech Univ, Dept Met & Mat Engn,
Ankara, Turkey.
EM arcan@metu.edu.tr
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[Anonymous], 2017, BOOK STAND ASTM INT, V10
[Anonymous], 2016, BOOK STAND ASTM INT, V13
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 28
U2 28
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JUL 17
PY 2017
VL 700
BP 574
EP 582
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.06.016
PG 9
GA FC0YJ
UT WOS:000406564300065
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, R. M.
Akinlabi, E. T.
TI EFFECT OF THE SCANNING SPEED OF TREATMENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE,
MICROHARDNESS, WEAR, AND CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF LASER METAL-DEPOSITED
Ti-6AL-4V/TiC COMPOSITE
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; corrosion; microstructure; microhardness;
titanium-alloy composite; wear
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; TI6AL4V/TIC COMPOSITE; SURFACE MODIFICATION; CLAD
TI6AL4V; TI; RESISTANCE
AB We investigate the influence of scanning speed on the microstructure,
microhardness, wear, and corrosion resistance behavior of a titanium-alloy
composite (Ti-6Al-4V/TiC composite) produced by using the process of laser metal
deposition. A Rofin Sinar Nd-YAG laser was used to produce the samples for a laser
power of 2.5 kW, a powder flow rate of 2 g/min, and a gas flow rate of 2 liter/min.
The scanning speed was varied between 0.005 and 0.050 m/sec. The microstructural
studies were carried out using an optical microscope and a scanning electron
microscope. The microhardness profiling was done using a Vickers microhardness
tester under a load of 500 g for a dwell time of 15 sec. The dry sliding wear of
the composite was investigated by using a ball-on-disk tribometer for a load range
of 25 N. The corrosion behavior was evaluated in a 3.5% NaCl solution by the
potentiodynamic polarization measurement method. We used both unmelted carbide
particles and dendritic TiC. The percentage composition and distribution of all
these particles were found to change depending on the scanning speed. The
microhardness was found to increase as the scanning speed increased. The wear
volume produced was found to decrease as the scanning speed increased. The
electrochemical behavior of the composites shows that the corrosion potential and
corrosion rate decrease as the scanning speed increases.
C1 [Mahamood, R. M.; Akinlabi, E. T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci,
Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Mahamood, R. M.] Univ Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin, Nigeria.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci,
Johannesburg, South Africa.; Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Ilorin, Dept Mech
Engn, Ilorin, Nigeria.
EM mahamoodmr2009@gmail.com
FU Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), National Laser
Centre, Rental Pool Program, Pretoria, South Africa; University of
Johannesburg Research Council; L'Oreal-UNESCO for Women in Science
FX The present work is supported by the Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research (CSIR), National Laser Centre, Rental Pool Program,
Pretoria, South Africa; University of Johannesburg Research Council and
L'Oreal-UNESCO for Women in Science.
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Weng F., MAT DESIGN, V58, P412
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1068-820X
EI 1573-885X
J9 MATER SCI+
JI Mater. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 53
IS 1
BP 76
EP 85
DI 10.1007/s11003-017-0046-2
PG 10
GA FK8WA
UT WOS:000413791200012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Popovich, AA
Sufiiarov, VS
Borisov, EV
Polozov, IA
Masaylo, DV
Grigoriev, AV
AF Popovich, A. A.
Sufiiarov, V. Sh.
Borisov, E. V.
Polozov, I. A.
Masaylo, D. V.
Grigoriev, A. V.
TI Anisotropy of mechanical properties of products manufactured using
selective laser melting of powdered materials
SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF NON-FERROUS METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; powder metallurgy;
titanium alloys; nickel alloys; additive technologies; anisotropy;
mechanical properties
ID MELTED TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEXTURE; BEHAVIOR; SLM
AB Causes of the appearance of anisotropy of properties in products manufactured
according to the technology of selective laser melting of metallic powder materials
are investigated. The results of an evaluation of mechanical properties of the
samples made of Ti-6Al-4V and VT6 titanium-based alloys and Inconel 718 refractory
nickel alloy in various directions are presented. The dependence of their
mechanical properties on the orientation of billets relative to the working
platform of the installation is presented. An analysis of microslices of the Ti-
6Al-4V alloy showed that the direction of the granular structure for a rectangular
sample corresponds to the growth direction, while, when manufacturing thin elements
of a net construction, other thermal processes flow due to their smaller cross
section, which affects the crystallization conditions and microstructure being
formed. Grain directions and shapes change depending on the slope angle of the
element of the net structure.
C1 [Popovich, A. A.; Sufiiarov, V. Sh.; Borisov, E. V.; Polozov, I. A.; Masaylo, D.
V.; Grigoriev, A. V.] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St Petersburg
195251, Russia.
[Grigoriev, A. V.] OAO Klimiv, St Petersburg 194100, Russia.
RP Popovich, AA (reprint author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St
Petersburg 195251, Russia.
EM popovicha@mail.ru; vadim.spbstu@yandex.ru; evgenii.borisov@icloud.com;
igor.polozov@gmail.com; dmasaylo@gmail.com; klimov@klimov.ru
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10.1016/j.msea.2008.12.038
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10.1016/j.msea.2015.10.032
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Mertens A, 2014, POWDER METALL, V57, P184, DOI 10.1179/1743290114Y.0000000092
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10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.086
Sufiiarov Vadim Sh, 2015, Applied Mechanics and Materials, V698, P333, DOI
Sufiiarov V.Sh., 2016, TSVETNYE METALLY, V1, P81
Yadroitsev I, 2013, J LASER APPL, V25, DOI 10.2351/1.4811838
Zlenko M. A., 2013, ADDITIVNYE TEKHNOLOG
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU ALLERTON PRESS INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 18 WEST 27TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 1067-8212
EI 1934-970X
J9 RUSS J NON-FERR MET+
JI Russ. J. Non-Ferrous Metals
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 58
IS 4
BP 389
EP 395
DI 10.3103/S1067821217040149
PG 7
GA FG1AU
UT WOS:000409525800011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, Z
Chen, J
Tan, H
Zhao, XL
Huang, WD
AF Zhao Zhuang
Chen Jing
Tan Hua
Zhao Xiaolin
Huang Weidong
TI Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Repaired TC4 Titanium
Alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE laser repair; titanium alloy; microstructure; mechanical properties;
fracture mechanism
ID TI-6AL-4V ALLOY
AB Laser Additive Manufacturing (LAM) was employed to fabricate repaired specimens
with wrought TC4 as the substrate and TC4 powders with low oxygen (0 <= 0.13wt%) as
the cladding materials. The microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4
specimens fabricated by LAM and wrought billet were investigated comparatively. The
results show that the macrostructure of the laser repaired specimen can be divided
into three domains, including wrought substrate zone (SZ), heat affected zone (HAZ)
and laser deposited zone (LDZ). The LDZ microhardness is equal to that of the SZ
basically. And the HAZ microhardness is higher than that of both the LDZ and SZ
slightly. The results of room temperature tensile test show that the strength and
ductility of the wrought specimen are slightly higher than that of the laser
repaired specimens. Meanwhile, the strength of the laser repaired specimen with
repair ratio of 40% (i.e. area fraction of the LDZ on the transverse section of
tensile specimen within gauge part is 40%)is slightly lower than that of 50%
repaired specimen, but the ductility is higher than the latter. Therefore it is
favorable to match the strength and ductility of the wrought substrate with the LDZ
with low oxygen TC4 powders as the cladding materials, so as to improve the
comprehensive properties of laser repaired TC4 titanium alloy. The wrought specimen
tensile fracture presents a typical ductile characteristic, and the repaired
specimen shows a complex fractograph. From the LDZ to the SZ, the tensile fracture
presents a successive transformation from cleavage step to dimple fracture. It can
be seen that there is a good corresponding relationship between the fracture
morphology and the microstructure of the tensile specimens.
C1 [Zhao Zhuang; Chen Jing; Tan Hua; Huang Weidong] Northwestern Polytech Univ,
State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Zhao Xiaolin] AVIC Xian Aeroengine Grp LTD, Xian 710021, Shaanxi, Peoples R
China.
Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM 15191467859@163.com; phd2003cjj@nwpu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51475380]; Research Fund
of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China
[99-QP-2014]
FX National Natural Science Foundation of China (51475380); Research Fund
(99-QP-2014)
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Huang Weidong, 2010, MAT CHINA, V29, P12
Huang Weidong, 2007, LASER SOLID FORMING, P10
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Zhang Shuangyin, 2009, CHIN OPT LETT, V6, P1
Zhong Qunpeng, 2006, FRACTURE ANAL, P204
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 46
IS 7
BP 1792
EP 1797
PG 6
Engineering
GA FC8LN
UT WOS:000407092900008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, BJ
Martin, BW
Welk, B
Kuhr, SJ
Ales, TK
Brice, DA
Ghamarian, I
Baker, AH
Haden, CV
Harlow, DG
Fraser, HL
Collins, PC
AF Hayes, Brian J.
Martin, Brian W.
Welk, Brian
Kuhr, Samuel J.
Ales, Thomas K.
Brice, David A.
Ghamarian, Iman
Baker, Andrew H.
Haden, Christina V.
Harlow, D. Gary
Fraser, Hamish L.
Collins, Peter C.
TI Predicting tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V produced via directed energy
deposition
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium; Ti-6Al-4V; Mechanical properties;
Modeling
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; YIELD STRENGTH; MICROSTRUCTURE;
INTERFACE; EQUATION
AB Advanced manufacturing approaches, including additive manufacturing (i.e., "3D
printing") of metallic structures requires a change to qualification strategies.
One approach, informed qualification, integrates modeling strategies to make
predictions of material characteristics, including the prediction of tensile
properties for given chemistries and microstructures. In this work, constitutive
equations are developed and presented that can predict the yield strength of
additively manufactured Ti-6AI-4V subjected to one of three different heat-
treatments: a stress relief anneal in the alpha+beta phase field; a hot isostatic
press treatment in the alpha+beta phase field; and a beta-anneal. The equations are
nominally identical, though different strengthening mechanisms are active according
to subtle microstructural differences. To achieve an equation that can predict the
yield strength of the material, it is also necessary to include an assessment of
dramatic reduction in the tensile strength due to texture (i.e., a "knock-down"
effect). This has been experimentally measured, and included in this paper. The
resulting predictions of yield strength are generally within 5% of their
experimentally measured values. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier
Ltd.
C1 [Hayes, Brian J.] UES, Dayton, OH 45432 USA.
[Martin, Brian W.; Ales, Thomas K.; Brice, David A.; Ghamarian, Iman; Collins,
Peter C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Martin, Brian W.; Collins, Peter C.] NSF Ind Univ Cooperat Res Ctr, Ctr Adv
Nonferrous Struct Alloys, Arlington, VA USA.
[Welk, Brian; Kuhr, Samuel J.; Fraser, Hamish L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, 116 W 19th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Baker, Andrew H.] Boeing Co, Boeing Res & Technol, St Louis, MO 63166 USA.
[Haden, Christina V.; Harlow, D. Gary] Lehigh Univ, Mech Engn & Mech, Bethlehem,
PA 18015 USA.
RP Collins, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA
50011 USA.
EM pcoilins@iastate.edu
OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981
FU DARPA contract [HR0011-12-C-0035]
FX The authors have conducted this work under the DARPA contract
HR0011-12-C-0035 ("An Open Manufacturing Environment for Titanium
Fabrication"). The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those
of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official
views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.
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NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 9
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JUL 1
PY 2017
VL 133
BP 120
EP 133
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.05.025
PG 14
Engineering
GA FD3DG
UT WOS:000407413100013
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wysocki, B
Maj, P
Sitek, R
Buhagiar, J
Kurzydlowski, KJ
Swieszkowski, W
AF Wysocki, Bartlomiej
Maj, Piotr
Sitek, Ryszard
Buhagiar, Joseph
Kurzydlowski, Krzysztof Jan
Swieszkowski, Wojciech
TI Laser and Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing Methods of Fabricating
Titanium Bone Implants
LA English
DT Article
DE SLM; EBM; Ti-6Al-4V; electron beam melting; selective laser melting;
microstructure
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTING SLM; TI-6AL-4V;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS; PARTS; PROTOTYPES; ANISOTROPY
AB Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods are generally used to produce an early
sample or near net-shape elements based on three-dimensional geometrical modules.
To date, publications on AM of metal implants have mainly focused on knee and hip
replacements or bone scaffolds for tissue engineering. The direct fabrication of
metallic implants can be achieved by methods, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM)
or Electron Beam Melting (EBM). This work compares the SLM and EBM methods used in
the fabrication of titanium bone implants by analyzing the microstructure,
mechanical properties and cytotoxicity. The SLM process was conducted in an
environmental chamber using 0.4-0.6 vol % of oxygen to enhance the mechanical
properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy. SLM processed material had high anisotropy of
mechanical properties and superior UTS (1246-1421 MPa) when compared to the EBM
(972-976 MPa) and the wrought material (933-942 MPa). The microstructure and phase
composition depended on the used fabrication method. The AM methods caused the
formation of long epitaxial grains of the prior beta phase. The equilibrium phases
(alpha + beta) and non-equilibrium alpha' martensite was obtained after EBM and
SLM, respectively. Although it was found that the heat transfer that occurs during
the layer by layer generation of the component caused aluminum content deviations,
neither methods generated any cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, in contrast to SLM,
the EBM fabricated material met the ASTMF136 standard for surgical implant
applications.
C1 [Wysocki, Bartlomiej; Maj, Piotr; Sitek, Ryszard; Kurzydlowski, Krzysztof Jan;
Swieszkowski, Wojciech] Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, PL-02507 Warsaw,
Poland.
[Wysocki, Bartlomiej] Materialscare LLC, PL-15333 Bialystok, Poland.
[Buhagiar, Joseph] Univ Malta, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Fac Engn, MSD-2080 Msida,
Malta.
RP Wysocki, B (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, PL-02507
Warsaw, Poland.; Wysocki, B (reprint author), Materialscare LLC, PL-15333
Bialystok, Poland.
EM bartlomiej.wysocki@inmat.pw.edu.pl; piotr.maj@inmat.pw.edu.pl;
rsitek@inmat.pw.edu.pl; joseph.p.buhagiar@um.edu.mt;
kjk@inmat.pw.edu.pl; wswieszk@inmat.pw.edu.pl
RI Maj, Piotr/H-1069-2014
OI Maj, Piotr/0000-0002-1059-6376; Buhagiar, Joseph/0000-0001-6517-7331
FU European Regional Development Fund within the Innovative Operational
Programme [POIG.01.01.02-00-022/09]; National Center for Research and
Development Applied Research Programme [PBS3/A5/53/2015]; COST Action
New Generation Biomimetic and Customized Implants for Bone Engineering
(NEWGEN) [MP1301]
FX This work was supported by the European Regional Development Fund within
the Innovative Operational Programme in the framework of the BIO-IMPLANT
project (Grant No. POIG.01.01.02-00-022/09), National Center for
Research and Development Applied Research Programme project LasIMP
(Grant No. PBS3/A5/53/2015) and COST Action MP1301 New Generation
Biomimetic and Customized Implants for Bone Engineering (NEWGEN) in the
framework of Short Term Scientific Mission. The authors would like also
to thank Witold Chrominski from Warsaw University of Technology for TEM
investigations.
CR American Society for Testing Materials Astm f1108-14, 2014, F110814 ASTM
American Society for Testing Materials Astm f136-13, 2013, F13613 ASTM
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NR 91
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2076-3417
J9 APPL SCI-BASEL
JI Appl. Sci.-Basel
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 7
AR 657
DI 10.3390/app7070657
PG 20
Physics, Applied
GA FD7IS
UT WOS:000407700400014
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nakata, T
Shimpo, H
Ohkubo, C
AF Nakata, Toyoki
Shimpo, Hidemasa
Ohkubo, Chikahiro
TI Clasp fabrication using one-process molding by repeated laser sintering
and high-speed milling
SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE CAD/CAM; Clasp; Retentive force; Additive manufacturing; Hybrid process
ID COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN; CO-CR; COBALT-CHROMIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
RETENTIVE FORCE; DEFLECTION FATIGUE; CAST CLASPS; TITANIUM; DENTISTRY;
STRENGTH
AB Purpose: A single machine platform that integrates repeated laser sintering and
high-speed milling for one-process molding has been developed.
Methods: The Akers clasp was designed using the CAD system (DWOS Partial
Frameworks, Dental Wings) and fabricated using repeated laser sintering and a high-
speed milling machine (LUMEX Advance-25, Matsuura) with 50-mm Co-Cr particles (CAM
clasp). As controls, cast clasps of the same forms were also prepared using
conventional casting methods with a Co-Cr alloy and CP titanium Grade 3. After the
surface roughness was measured, the gap distance between the clasps and the tooth
die was assessed using the silicone film method. The initial retentive force and
changes in retention up to 10,000 cycles were also measured. The data were analyzed
using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test (alpha=0.05).
Results: CAM clasps exhibited significantly smoother surfaces than those of cast
Co-Cr and CP Ti clasps (p<0.05). However, the gap distances of the CAM clasps were
significantly greater than those of the cast clasps (p<0.05). The retentive forces
of both CAM and cast Co-Cr clasps were significantly higher than those of CP Ti
clasps. (p<0.05). The retention of CAM clasps demonstrated a constant or slight
decrease from 1000 up to 10,000 cycles.
Conclusions: The CAM clasp made by repeated laser sintering and high-speed
milling can be used effectively as an RPD component. (C) 2016 Japan Prosthodontic
Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nakata, Toyoki; Shimpo, Hidemasa; Ohkubo, Chikahiro] Tsurumi Univ, Sch Dent
Med, Dept Removable Prosthodont, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
RP Nakata, T (reprint author), 2-1-3,Tusurumi,Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa
2308501, Japan.
EM nakata-toyoki@tsurumi-u.ac.jp
FU JSPS KAKENHI [16H05526]
FX This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16H05526.
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NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1883-1958
EI 2212-4632
J9 J PROSTHODONT RES
JI J. Prosthodont. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 61
IS 3
BP 276
EP 282
DI 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.10.002
PG 7
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA FD5VE
UT WOS:000407597100007
PM 27825561
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Karaji, ZG
Hedayati, R
Pouran, B
Apachitei, I
Zadpoor, AA
AF Karaji, Zahra Gorgin
Hedayati, Reza
Pouran, Behdad
Apachitei, Iulian
Zadpoor, Amir A.
TI Effects of plasma electrolytic oxidation process on the mechanical
properties of additively manufactured porous biomaterials
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printed scaffolds; Additive manufacturing; Bio-functional surfaces;
Titanium alloys; And mechanical properties
ID UNIT CELLS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM; SCAFFOLDS; POROSITY; COATINGS;
ALLOY
AB Metallic porous biomaterials are recently attracting more attention thanks to
the additive manufacturing techniques which help produce more complex structures as
compared to conventional techniques. On the other hand, bio-functional surfaces on
metallic biomaterials such as titanium and its alloys are necessary to enhance the
biological interactions with the host tissue. This study discusses the effect of
plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), as a surface modification technique to produce
bio-functional layers, on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured
Ti6A14V scaffolds based on the cubic unit cell. For this purpose, the PEO process
with two different oxidation times was applied on scaffolds with four different
values of relative density. The effects of the PEO process were studied by scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), optical
microscopy as well as static and dynamic (fatigue) mechanical testing under
compression. SEM results indicated pore formation on the surface of the scaffolds
after oxidation with a thickness of 4.85 0.36 pm of the oxide layer after 2 min and
9.04 +/- 227 pm after 5 min oxidation (based on optical images). The static test
results showed the high effect of relative density of porous structure on its
mechanical properties. However, oxidation did not influence most of the mechanical
properties such as maximum stress, yield stress, plateau stress, and energy
absorption, although its effect on the elastic modulus was considerable. Under
fatigue loading, none of the scaffolds failed even after 106 loading cycles at 70%
of their yield stress. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Karaji, Zahra Gorgin; Hedayati, Reza; Pouran, Behdad; Apachitei, Iulian;
Zadpoor, Amir A.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn, Dept Biomech
[Karaji, Zahra Gorgin] Kermanshah Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kermanshah
6715685420, Iran.
[Pouran, Behdad] UMC Utrecht, Dept Orthoped, Heidelberglaan 100, NL-3584 CX
Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Karaji, ZG (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn,
Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM z.gorgin@kut.ac.ir
OI Zadpoor, Amir Abbas/0000-0003-3234-2112
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NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 15
U2 31
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0928-4931
EI 1873-0191
J9 MAT SCI ENG C-MATER
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Mater. Biol. Appl.
PD JUL 1
PY 2017
VL 76
BP 406
EP 416
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.079
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Biomaterials
GA FA6GP
UT WOS:000405541600048
PM 28482544
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Khan, SZ
Masood, SH
Cottam, R
AF Khan, Sohaib Z.
Masood, S. H.
Cottam, Ryan
TI Mechanical properties of a novel plymetal manufactured by laser-assisted
direct metal deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE Direct metal deposition; Lasers; Plymetal; 316L; H13; Composite
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS; TITANIUM-ALLOY; POROUS METALS; TOOL
STEEL; FABRICATION; PARAMETERS; STRENGTH; POWDER; MICROSTRUCTURE;
COMPOSITES
AB Plymetal is the term used here to describe a composite structure where more than
one solid metals are joined or pressed to gain unique set of properties. Mostly
flat plates are used, which are then bonded together to form sheets for further
forming processes. In this work, a novel plymetal is designed to create a structure
with alternating layers of metals both in radial and in axial directions. In the
radial direction, the plymetal was conceived by having a cylinder surrounded by
annular structure of alternate material. In the axial direction, the centre
cylindrical material is changed, followed by annular structure of alternate
material. Such a plymetal is realised by laser-assisted direct metal deposition
additive manufacturing technology. Two different metal powders, AISI H13 tool steel
and AISI 316L stainless steel, were used to create the plymetal. The uniaxial
compressive test was performed on the plymetal, and the results were compared with
the individual solid structure of H13 tool steel and 316L stainless steel, also
made by direct metal deposition. Young's modulus, yield strength and yield strain
of the samples were determined in compression. The dual modulus of elasticity in
the region before yielding was observed in all samples. An analytical equation to
calculate Young's modulus of the plymetal based on a stiffness method was also
derived. Microstructure of the plymetal was observed through optical and scanning
electron microscopy, which revealed perfect bonding between the two metals and
small pores with sizes less than 1 mu m. It is expected that the variant of
plymetal will be able to give better tuneable control on the mechanical properties
for numerous applications.
C1 [Khan, Sohaib Z.; Masood, S. H.; Cottam, Ryan] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci
Engn & Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Khan, Sohaib Z.] Islamic Univ Madinah, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, POB 170,
Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
RP Masood, SH (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn & Technol,
Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
EM smasood@swin.edu.au
OI Khan, Sohaib Zia/0000-0001-9023-2689
FU Endeavour Fellowship, Government of Australia
FX Sohaib Z Khan is thankful for Endeavour Fellowship, Government of
Australia, for the support and completion of this work. The authors
would like to thank Mr. Girish Thipperudruppa for his support in DMD and
Dr. M Awais Javed for his support in microscopic analysis.
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NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 91
IS 5-8
BP 1839
EP 1849
DI 10.1007/s00170-016-9851-2
PG 11
GA EY6YY
UT WOS:000404132100031
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, Rasheedat M.
Akinlabi, Esther T.
TI Scanning speed and powder flow rate influence on the properties of laser
metal deposition of titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Mechanical properties; Optical microscopy;
Powder flow rate; Scanning speed; Surface roughness
ID COMPOSITE
AB Ti4Al4V is an important aerospace alloy because of its excellent properties that
include high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. In spite of these
impressive properties, processing titanium is very challenging which contributes to
the high cost of the material. Laser metal deposition, an important additive
manufacturing method, is an excellent alternative manufacturing process for
Ti6Al4V. The economy of this manufacturing process also depends on the right
combination of processing parameters. The principal aim of this study is to know
the optimum processing parameters that will result in deposit with sound
metallurgical bonding with the substrate with proper mechanical property and better
surface finish. This will help to reduce the need for expensive secondary finishing
operations using this manufacturing process. This study investigates the influence
of scanning speed and the powder flow rate on the resulting properties of the
deposited samples. Microstructure, microhardness, and surface finish of Ti6Al4V
samples were produced using the laser metal deposition process over a range of
scanning speeds, ranging from 0.02 to 0.12 m/s, and powder flow rate, ranging from
0.72 to 6.48 g/min. The microstructure, microhardness, and surface finish were
characterized using optical microscopy, Metkon hardness tester, and Jenoptik
surface analyzer, respectively. These process parameter variations were mapped with
the microstructure, the microhardness, and surface roughness. The microstructures
were found to change from the thick lath of basket woven to martensitic
microstructure as the scanning speed and the powder flow rate were increased. The
microhardness and the surface roughness were found to increase as the scanning
speed and the powder flow rate were increased. It can be concluded that in order to
minimize the surface roughness while maintaining a moderate microhardness value,
the optimum scanning speed is about 0.63 m/s while the powder flow rate should be
maintained at 2.88 g/min. The laser power and the gas flow rate should also be
fixed at 3 kW and 2 l/min, respectively.
C1 [Mahamood, Rasheedat M.; Akinlabi, Esther T.] Univ Johannesburg, Johannesburg,
South Africa.
[Mahamood, Rasheedat M.] Univ Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.;
Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
OI mahamood, rasheedat/0000-0002-0973-9843
FU University of Johannesburg research council; L'OREAL-UNESCO for Women in
Science
FX This work was supported by University of Johannesburg research council
and the L'OREAL-UNESCO for Women in Science.
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[Anonymous], 1998, 42881998 BS EN ISO
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NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 19
U2 20
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 91
IS 5-8
BP 2419
EP 2426
DI 10.1007/s00170-016-9954-9
PG 8
GA EY6YY
UT WOS:000404132100077
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Demir, AG
Colombo, P
Previtali, B
AF Demir, Ali Gokhan
Colombo, Paolo
Previtali, Barbara
TI From pulsed to continuous wave emission in SLM with contemporary fiber
laser sources: effect of temporal and spatial pulse overlap in part
quality
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Tool steel; Selective laser melting; Pulsed wave
SLM; Density
ID 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; METALLIC POWDERS; TITANIUM
POWDER; DESIGN APPROACH; MARAGING-STEEL; HEAT-TREATMENT; ALLOY; SURFACE;
PRECIPITATION
AB In this work, the effect of pulse temporal and spatial overlapping is evaluated
in selective laser melting (SLM). An SLM system operating with fiber laser in
pulsed wave (PW) emission was employed. The test material was 18Ni300 maraging
steel, which shows reduced process stability due to a high amount of vapour and
spark generation during the process. The pulsation characteristics of contemporary
power-modulated fiber lasers compared to previously employed Q-switched Nd:YAG
systems are explained. Processing conditions are studied moving towards continuous
wave (CW) by increasing the duty cycle with fixed fluence. The key quality aspects,
namely part density and dimensional error, were evaluated and the robustness was
assessed. The results demonstrate that with a limited amount of increase in duty
cycle by 3%, part density can be improved, while the dimensional error increases.
The results show that CW is preferable when fully dense large parts have to be
obtained. On the other hand, operating in PW is convenient when thin struts as in
lattice structure or micro and precise features are required.
C1 [Demir, Ali Gokhan; Colombo, Paolo; Previtali, Barbara] Politecn Milan, Dept
Mech Engn, Via La Masa 1, I-20156 Milan, Italy.
RP Demir, AG (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dept Mech Engn, Via La Masa 1, I-
20156 Milan, Italy.
EM aligokhan.demir@polimi.it; paolo.colombo@polimi.it;
barbara.previtali@polimi.it
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2980-7
Aboulkhair NT, 2015, P SOL FREEF FABR S, V1, P1
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Bai S, 2016, SPIE LASE, V1
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10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.021
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0136(03)00132-8
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Streek A, 2009, POW EN SOC GEN M 200, P1
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Vaithilingam J, 2012, P SOL FREEF FABR S J
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.01.022
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10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.06.014
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.02.032
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NR 74
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 12
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 91
IS 5-8
BP 2701
EP 2714
DI 10.1007/s00170-016-9948-7
PG 14
GA EY6YY
UT WOS:000404132100100
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Antonysamy, AA
Parimi, LL
AF Antonysamy, A. A.
Parimi, L. L.
TI Evaluation of Residual Stress in TI6AL4V Parts Produced by Power Bed -
EBM Process
SO SAMPE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAIN-STRUCTURE; MANUFACTURE; TI-6AL-4V; TEXTURE
AB Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is a type of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique
where the 3D geometries are produced from the CAD files using electron beam as a
heat source. Electron beam is used to melt the powder layer by layer under vacuum
which would result in very low oxidation in titanium alloys. In AM due to the
nature of repeated heating and cooling of layers, residual stresses are observed in
the components. It is important to understand the magnitude of residual stresses in
the parts to design further post process treatments to deal with these stresses and
resulting distortion. This paper focuses on characterising the magnitude of
residual stresses in Ti6Al4V EBM components. A portable X-ray diffraction system
was used to assess the stress levels in the parts. The key findings showed that
there were no significant residual stresses present in the Ti6Al4V component which
is attributed to the nature of pre-heated powder bed used in EBM unlike other
conventional AM techniques using lasers.
C1 [Antonysamy, A. A.; Parimi, L. L.] GKN Aerosp, Global Engn, Addit Mfg Ctr,
Bristol BS34 7QQ, Avon, England.
[Antonysamy, A. A.] Univ Manchester, Manchester Mat Sci Ctr, Manchester M13 9PL,
Lancs, England.
RP Antonysamy, AA (reprint author), GKN Aerosp, Global Engn, Addit Mfg Ctr, Bristol
BS34 7QQ, Avon, England.
EM Alphons.Antonysamy@GKNAerospace.com
FU EPSRC-LATEST2 (The Light Alloys towards Environmentally Sustainable
Transport: 2<SUP>nd</SUP> Generation) Programme
FX The author would like to thank Professor Phil Prangnell, Judith
Shackleton and Gary Harrison at the University of Manchester for their
help with XRD measurements and discussion about residual stresses.
Author is also grateful for the support provided by EPSRC-LATEST2 (The
Light Alloys towards Environmentally Sustainable Transport:
2<SUP>nd</SUP> Generation) Programme.
Antonysamy A.A., 2012, MICROSTRUCTURE TEXTU, P315
Antonysamy AA, 2012, MATER SCI FORUM, V706-709, P205, DOI
Cullity B.D., 1956, ELEMENTS XRAY DIFFRA, P1
Davies P.S., 2009, THESIS, P1
Luetjering G., 2007, TITANIUM
MMPDS, 2004, MMPDS MET MAT PROP D
Shin KH, 2003, MATER DESIGN, V24, P339, DOI 10.1016/S0261-3069(03)00060-8
Vlcek J., TECHNOLOGICAL ASSESM
Zhao H, 2015, TMS P, P429
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 11
PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS
PI COVINA
PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA
SN 0091-1062
J9 SAMPE J
JI Sampe J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2017
VL 53
IS 4
BP 38
EP 45
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA EY7WU
UT WOS:000404203700005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Baker, AH
Collins, PC
Williams, JC
AF Baker, Andrew H.
Collins, Peter C.
Williams, James C.
TI New Nomenclatures for Heat Treatments of Additively Manufactured
Titanium Alloys
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; EQUATION
AB The heat-treatment designations and microstructure nomenclatures for many
structural metallic alloys were established for traditional metals processing, such
as casting, hot rolling or forging. These terms do not necessarily apply for
additively manufactured (i.e., three-dimensionally printed or "3D printed")
metallic structures. The heat-treatment terminology for titanium alloys generally
implies the heat-treatment temperatures and their sequence relative to a
thermomechanical processing step (e.g., forging, rolling). These designations
include: beta-processing, alpha + beta-processing, beta-annealing, duplex annealing
and mill annealing. Owing to the absence of a thermomechanical processing step,
these traditional designations can pose a problem when titanium alloys are first
produced via additive manufacturing, and then heat-treated. This communication
proposes new nomenclatures for heat treatments of additively manufactured titanium
alloys, and uses the distinct microstructural features to provide a correlation
between traditional nomenclature and the proposed nomenclature.
C1 [Baker, Andrew H.] Boeing Co, Boeing Res & Technol, St Louis, MO 63134 USA.
[Collins, Peter C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Collins, Peter C.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Williams, James C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 116 W 19Th Ave,
Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Williams, James C.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76207
USA.
50011 USA.; Collins, PC (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM pcollins@iastate.edu
OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981
FU DARPA [HR0011-12-C-0035]
FX The authors have conducted this work under the DARPA Contract
HR0011-12-C-0035 ("An Open Manufacturing Environment for Titanium
Fabrication"). The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those
of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official
views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.
CR [Anonymous], 1990, 2801 AMS
[Anonymous], 2002, 4999 AMS
[Anonymous], 2014, F300114 ASTM
Astm, 2014, F292414 ASTM
Brice CA, 2013, METALL MATER TRANS A, V44A, P5147, DOI 10.1007/s11661-013-1847-z
070115-031816
10.1016/j.msea.2008.12.038
Ghamarian I, 2016, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V660, P172, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2016.02.052
Ghamarian I, 2015, METALL MATER TRANS A, V46A, P5021, DOI 10.1007/s11661-015-
3072-4
5093(97)00778-8
Lutjering G., 2003, TITANIUM, P177
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 7
BP 1221
EP 1227
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2358-y
PG 7
GA EY0JC
UT WOS:000403643200013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mendoza, MY
Samimi, P
Brice, DA
Martin, BW
Rolchigo, MR
Lesar, R
Collins, PC
AF Mendoza, Michael Y.
Samimi, Peyman
Brice, David A.
Martin, Brian W.
Rolchigo, Matt R.
Lesar, Richard
Collins, Peter C.
TI Microstructures and Grain Refinement of Additive-Manufactured Ti-xW
Alloys
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CAST TITANIUM-ALLOYS; BEAM MELTING EBM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER
DEPOSITION; NUCLEANT PARTICLES; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; BORON ADDITION;
EVOLUTION; STABILITY; POTENCY
AB It is necessary to better understand the composition-processing-microstructure
relationships that exist for materials produced by additive manufacturing. To this
end, Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS (TM)), a type of additive manufacturing,
was used to produce a compositionally graded titanium binary model alloy system
(Ti-xW specimen (0 <= x <= 30 wt pct), so that relationships could be made between
composition, processing, and the prior beta grain size. Importantly, the
thermophysical properties of the Ti-xW, specifically its supercooling parameter (P)
and growth restriction factor (Q), are such that grain refinement is expected and
was observed. The systematic, combinatorial study of this binary system provides an
opportunity to assess the mechanisms by which grain refinement occurs in Ti-based
alloys in general, and for additive manufacturing in particular. The operating
mechanisms that govern the relationship between composition and grain size are
interpreted using a model originally developed for aluminum and magnesium alloys
and subsequently applied for titanium alloys. The prior beta grain factor observed
and the interpretations of their correlations indicate that tungsten is a good
grain refiner and such models are valid to explain the grain-refinement process. By
extension, other binary elements or higher order alloy systems with similar
thermophysical properties should exhibit similar grain refinement.
C1 [Mendoza, Michael Y.; Samimi, Peyman; Brice, David A.; Martin, Brian W.;
Rolchigo, Matt R.; Lesar, Richard; Collins, Peter C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Samimi, Peyman; Lesar, Richard; Collins, Peter C.] CANFSA, Golden, CO 80401
USA.
[Samimi, Peyman; Lesar, Richard; Collins, Peter C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA
USA.
50011 USA.
RI Collins, Peter/A-4961-2016
OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981; Mendoza Londono,
Michael/0000-0003-1575-895X
FU National Science Foundation [DMREF-1435872, 1606567, 1434462]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Science
Foundation (DMREF-1435872, 1606567, 1434462), in which an MGI strategy
is adopted. The authors also acknowledge the engagement of industrial
partners through the Center for Advanced Non-Ferrous Structural Alloys
(CANFSA), an NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center
(I/UCRC) between the Iowa State University and the Colorado School of
Mines. This article is intended to appear as one of two companion
articles. This article focuses on the experimental methods associated
with additive manufacturing of Ti-xW specimens, and the companion
article by Rolchigo et al. is focused on the simulation of
solidification associated with additive manufacturing.
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NR 43
TC 3
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U1 17
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD JUL
PY 2017
VL 48A
IS 7
BP 3594
EP 3605
DI 10.1007/s11661-017-4117-7
PG 12
Engineering
GA EW4FB
UT WOS:000402456300040
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Colegrove, PA
Donoghue, J
Martina, F
Gu, JL
Prangnell, P
Honnige, J
AF Colegrove, Paul A.
Donoghue, Jack
Martina, Filomeno
Gu, Jianglong
Prangnell, Philip
Honnige, Jan
TI Application of bulk deformation methods for microstructural and material
property improvement and residual stress and distortion control in
additively manufactured components
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Additive manufacture; Microstructure; Residual stress;
Distortion
ID POSTDEPOSITION HEAT-TREATMENT; LAYER COLD-WORKING; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V COMPONENTS; HYDROGEN MICROPORES;
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; WIRE; PARTS; DEPOSITION
AB Many additively manufactured (AM) materials have properties that are inferior to
their wrought counterparts, which impedes industrial implementation of the
technology. Bulk deformation methods, such as rolling, applied in-process during AM
can provide significant benefits including reducing residual stresses and
distortion, and grain refinement. The latter is particularly beneficial for
titanium alloys where the normally seen large prior grains are converted to a fine
equiaxed structure giving isotropic mechanical properties that can be better than
the wrought material. The technique is also beneficial for aluminium alloys where
it enables a dramatic reduction in porosity and improved ductility. (C) 2016 The
Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Colegrove, Paul A.; Martina, Filomeno; Honnige, Jan] Cranfield Univ, Welding
Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Bldg 46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Donoghue, Jack; Prangnell, Philip] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13
9PL, Lancs, England.
[Gu, Jianglong] Yanshan Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Qinhuangdao 066004, Peoples R
China.
RP Colegrove, PA (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr,
Bldg 46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
EM p.colegrove@cranfield.ac.uk
OI Martina, Filomeno/0000-0001-7657-8253
FU Innovate UK through RAWFEED project [29620-211180]; EPSRC through
HiDepAM [EP/K029010/1]; EPSRC through LATEST2 [EP/G022402/1]; Airbus;
China Scholarship Council; WAAMMat programme
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support of Innovate UK
through the support of the RAWFEED project (29620-211180), EPSRC through
HiDepAM (EP/K029010/1) and LATEST2 (EP/G022402/1), Airbus, China
Scholarship Council and the WAAMMat programme industrial partners who
funded work reported in this article. The data referred to in this
article can be accessed at
https://doi.org/10.17862/cranfield.rd.4055061.
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NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 24
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL 1
PY 2017
VL 135
BP 111
EP 118
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.10.031
PG 8
GA EW2RY
UT WOS:000402344900026
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kirka, MM
Nandwana, P
Lee, Y
Dehoff, RR
AF Kirka, Michael M.
Nandwana, Peeyush
Lee, Yousub
Dehoff, Ryan R.
TI Solidification and solid-state transformation sciences in metals
additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Phase transformations; Computational modeling;
Superalloys; Titanium alloys
ID NICKEL-BASED SUPERALLOY; INCONEL 718; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
LASER; TEXTURE; EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; PARAMETERS; DEPOSITION
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals is rapidly emerging as an established
manufacturing process for metal components. Unlike traditional metals fabrication
processes, metals fabricated via AM undergo localized thermal cycles during
fabrication. As a result, AM presents the opportunity to control the liquid-solid
phase transformation, i.e. material texture. However, thermal cycling presents
challenges from the standpoint of solid-solid phase transformations. To be
discussed are the opportunities and challenges in metals AM in the context of
texture control and associated solid-solid phase transformations in Ti-6A1-4V and
Inconel 718. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Kirka, Michael M.; Nandwana, Peeyush; Lee, Yousub; Dehoff, Ryan R.] Oak Ridge
Natl Lab, Mfg Demonstrat Facil, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Kirka, Michael M.; Nandwana, Peeyush; Lee, Yousub; Dehoff, Ryan R.] Oak Ridge
Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
RP Kirka, MM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mfg Demonstrat Facil, Knoxville,
TN 37932 USA.; Kirka, MM (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci &
Technol, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM kirkamm@ornl.gov
OI Lee, Yousub/0000-0002-5563-0419
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle,
LLC
FX This research sponsored by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office, under
contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC.
5093(97)00802-2
0397-x
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NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 32
U2 57
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD JUL 1
PY 2017
VL 135
BP 130
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.01.005
PG 5
GA EW2RY
UT WOS:000402344900029
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, Z
Chen, J
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhao, Zhuang
Chen, Jing
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Weidong
TI Evolution of plastic deformation and its effect on mechanical properties
of laser additive repaired Ti64ELI titanium alloy
SO OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti64ELI titanium alloy; Laser additive repair; Digital image
correlation; Plastic deformation; Mechanical properties
ID METAL-DEPOSITION; STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; TI6AL4V;
COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR; WIRE
AB In this paper, laser additive manufacturing (LAM) technology with powder feeding
has been employed to fabricate 50%LAMed specimens (i.e. the volume fraction of the
laser depoSited zone was set to 50%). With aid of the 3D-DIC technique, the tensile
deformation behavior of 50%LAMed Ti64ELI titanium alloy was investigated. The
50%LAMed specimen exhibits a significant characteristic of strength mismatch due to
the heterogeneous microstructure. The tensile fracture of 50%LAMed specimen occurs
in WSZ (wrought substrate zone), but the tensile strength is slightly higher and
the plastic elongation is significantly lower than that of the wrought specimen.
The 3D-DIC results shows that the 50%LAMed specimen exhibits a characteristic of
dramatic plastic strain heterogeneity and the maximal strain is invariably
concentrated in WSZ. The ABAQUS simulation indicates that, the LDZ (laser deposited
zone) can constrain the plastic deformation of the WSZ and biaxial stresses develop
at the interface after yielding.
C1 [Zhao, Zhuang; Chen, Jing; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Weidong] Northwestern
Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Youyi Western Rd, Xian 710072, Shaan
Xi, Peoples R China.
Proc, Youyi Western Rd, Xian 710072, Shaan Xi, Peoples R China.
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Key Technologies R &D Program, China [2016YFB1100100]; Research
Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU),
China [KP201611]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51475380]
FX This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R &D Program,
China (Grant no. 2016YFB1100100), Research Fund of the State Key
Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China (Grant no.
KP201611), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no.
51475380).
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NR 41
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Z9 0
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U2 75
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0030-3992
EI 1879-2545
J9 OPT LASER TECHNOL
JI Opt. Laser Technol.
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VL 92
BP 36
EP 43
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PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA EP4RJ
UT WOS:000397367300007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU He, B
Li, J
Cheng, X
Wang, HM
AF He, Bei
Li, Jia
Cheng, Xu
Wang, Hua-Ming
TI Brittle fracture behavior of a laser additive manufactured near-beta
titanium alloy after low temperature aging
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloys; Age hardening; Microstructure; Mechanical
characterization; Brittle fracture
ID ISOTHERMAL HEAT-TREATMENT; TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE ALLOY;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; ALPHA-PHASE; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; STRENGTH;
EVOLUTION; PRECIPITATION; DECOMPOSITION
AB The near-beta titanium alloy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-lFe (Ti-55511) fabricated by
laser additive manufacturing was further annealed by multiple low temperature aging
heat treatments. Microstructures and fracture surfaces were observed by optical and
electron microscopes. Brittle tensile fracture behaviors were analyzed and cleavage
fracture and quasi-cleavage fracture were distinguished. Results show that athermal
omega phases in Ti-55511 have negligible strengthening effect because of their very
small sizes and low content. With the aid of age hardening heat treatment, nano-
scaled a phases precipitate, leading to higher microhardness. But the tensile
properties of Ti-55511 did not effectively improve because brittle fracture happens
due to the precipitation of nano-scaled a phases, which have similar sizes with
brittle omega phases. The brittle fracture behavior is more relevant to a phase
sizes instead of their volume fractions. With aging temperature increasing, the
sizes of nano-scaled a phases increase and the alloy brittleness slightly
decreases.
C1 [Li, Jia] Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37
Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Beihang Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Minist Educ Laser Direct Mfg Large Metall Compone,
Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Li, J (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall
Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM hebei@buaa.edu.cn; lijia@buaa.edu.cn
FU Beijing Natural Science Foundation [Z140002]
FX This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant
number Z140002). The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Xiang-Jun Tian
for his help on the laser additive manufacturing of the Ti-55511 plate
and Dr. Xu Cheng for her detailed modification of the manuscript.
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NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 23
U2 23
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JUN 24
PY 2017
VL 699
BP 229
EP 238
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.05.050
PG 10
GA EZ6GO
UT WOS:000404816600026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, YM
Lin, X
Fu, X
Tan, H
Chen, J
Huang, WD
AF Ren, Y. M.
Lin, X.
Fu, X.
Tan, H.
Chen, J.
Huang, W. D.
TI Microstructure and deformation behavior of Ti-6A1-4V alloy by high-power
laser solid forming
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser solid forming; Additive manufacturing; Ti-6A1-4V; In situ tensile;
Deformation behavior
ID DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; EVOLUTION;
POROSITY; MAPS
AB This work investigated the microstructure and tensile deformation behavior of
Ti-6A1-4V alloy fabricated using a high-power laser solid forming (LSF) additive
manufacturing. The results show that the post fabricated heat-treated
microstructure consists of coarse columnar prior-beta grains (630-1000 mu m wide)
and alpha-laths (5-9 mu m) under different scanning velocities (900 and 1500
mm/min), which caused large elongation (similar to 18%) superior to the
conventional laser additive manufacturing Ti-6A1-4V alloy. The deformation behavior
of the LSF Ti-6A1-4V alloy was investigated using in situ tensile test scanning
electron microscopy. The results show that shear-bands appeared along the
alpha/beta interface and slip-bands occurred within the alpha-laths, which lead to
cracks decaying in a zigzag-pattern in the LSF Ti-6A1-4V alloy with basket-weave
microstructure. These results demonstrate that the small columnar prior-beta grains
and fine basket-weave microstructure exhibiting more alpha/beta interfaces and
alpha-laths can disperse the load and resist the deformation in the LSF Ti-6A1-4V
components. In addition, a modified microstructure selection map of the LSF Ti-6A1-
4V alloy was established, which can reasonably predict the microstructure evolution
and relative grain size in the LSF process. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published
by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ren, Y. M.; Lin, X.; Fu, X.; Tan, H.; Chen, J.; Huang, W. D.] Northwestern
Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R
China.
[Ren, Y. M.; Lin, X.; Tan, H.; Chen, J.; Huang, W. D.] Northwestern Polytech
Univ, MIIT China, Key Lab Met High Performance Addit Mfg & Innovat, Xian 710072,
Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, X; Huang, WD (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab
Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM xlin@nwpu.edu.cn; huang@nwpu.edu.cn
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51323008, 51475380];
National Key Research and Development Plan [2016YFB1100104]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [3102015BJ(II)ZS013];
Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities, China
[08040]
FX We thank S.Y. Zhang for help carried out in-situ SEM tensile tests, J.R.
Liu, L.L. Wang, L. Wei, B. Dang, M.M. Gong and K. Song for the useful
discussion. This work was supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Nos. 51323008 and 51475380), National Key Research
and Development Plan (2016YFB1100104), the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (No. 3102015BJ(II)ZS013), the Program of
Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities, China (Grant No.
08040).
5093(97)00802-2
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NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 30
U2 30
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 132
BP 82
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.04.026
PG 14
Engineering
GA FB1CO
UT WOS:000405881500008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wolff, SJ
Lin, S
Faierson, EJ
Liu, WK
Wagner, GJ
Cao, J
AF Wolff, Sarah J.
Lin, Stephen
Faierson, Eric J.
Liu, Wing Kam
Wagner, Gregory J.
Cao, Jian
TI A framework to link localized cooling and properties of directed energy
deposition (DED)-processed Ti-6A1-4V
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Directed energy deposition (DED); Cooling rate; Anisotropy; Porosity;
Titanium alloys
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SOLIDIFICATION PARAMETERS; HEAT-TRANSFER; MELT
POOL; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; POROSITY; SIMULATION; GEOMETRY;
BEHAVIOR
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) of titanium alloys is a rapidly growing field due to
an increase in design flexibility of parts. However, AM parts are highly
anisotropic in material microstructure and mechanical behavior due to the change of
the local processing conditions in the build-up process. This study follows a link
chain model to investigate the relationships between process parameters, cooling
rate, porosity and mechanical behavior. The aim of this work is to present a
framework that is inspired by the three link chain model. The framework combines
theoretical, computational and experimental approaches. We demonstrate this by
using an in-house thermal simulator to link predicted cooling rates with
micrographs describing experimental shape descriptors to develop a relationship
between solidification cooling rate and porosity geometry. Finally, representative
volume elements from predicted porosity maps allow for a prediction of mechanical
properties at localized areas. The capability of being able to predict mechanical
behavior of titanium alloys is demonstrated for the directed energy deposition
process. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Wolff, Sarah J.; Lin, Stephen; Liu, Wing Kam; Wagner, Gregory J.; Cao, Jian]
Northwestern Univ, Mech Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Faierson, Eric J.] Western Illinois Univ, Quad City Mfg Lab, Moline, IL 61265
USA.
RP Wolff, SJ; Cao, J (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Mech Engn, Evanston, IL
60208 USA.
EM sarahwolff@u.northwestern.edu; jcao@northwestern.edu
RI Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015
OI Wolff, Sarah/0000-0002-9001-3774; Cao, Jian/0000-0003-1023-5244
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB13H194];
MRSEC Program of the Materials Research Center at Northwestern
University [NSF DMR-1121262]; National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship [DGE-1324585]
FX The authors would like to thank the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) for their support through award number 70NANB13H194.
This work made use of the MatCI Facility which receives support from the
MRSEC Program (NSF DMR-1121262) of the Materials Research Center at
Northwestern University. This material is based upon work supported by
the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant
No. DGE-1324585. Quad City Manufacturing Laboratory built the Ti-6A1-4V
components. The authors would also like to thank Olivia Schneider and
Jacob Smith from Northwestern University.
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[Anonymous], 2015, TMS ANN M EXH ORL FL
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 14
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 132
BP 106
EP 117
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.04.027
PG 12
Engineering
GA FB1CO
UT WOS:000405881500010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Franco, BE
Ma, J
Loveall, B
Tapia, GA
Karayagiz, K
Liu, J
Elwany, A
Arroyave, R
Karaman, I
AF Franco, B. E.
Ma, J.
Loveall, B.
Tapia, G. A.
Karayagiz, K.
Liu, J.
Elwany, A.
Arroyave, R.
Karaman, I.
TI A Sensory Material Approach for Reducing Variability in Additively
Manufactured Metal Parts
LA English
DT Article
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
RESIDUAL-STRESSES; STAINLESS-STEEL; NICKEL-TITANIUM; SINGLE TRACK; NITI;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR
AB Despite the recent growth in interest for metal additive manufacturing (AM) in
the biomedical and aerospace industries, variability in the performance,
composition, and microstructure of AM parts remains a major impediment to its
widespread adoption. The underlying physical mechanisms, which cause variability,
as well as the scale and nature of variability are not well understood, and current
methods are ineffective at capturing these details. Here, a Nickel-Titanium alloy
is used as a sensory material in order to quantitatively, and rather rapidly,
observe compositional and/or microstructural variability in selective laser melting
manufactured parts; thereby providing a means to evaluate the role of process
parameters on the variability. We perform detailed microstructural investigations
using transmission electron microscopy at various locations to reveal the origins
of microstructural variability in this sensory material. This approach helped
reveal how reducing the distance between adjacent laser scans below a critical
value greatly reduces both the in-sample and sample-to-sample variability.
Microstructural investigations revealed that when the laser scan distance is wide,
there is an inhomogeneity in subgrain size, precipitate distribution, and
dislocation density in the microstructure, responsible for the observed
variability. These results provide an important first step towards understanding
the nature of variability in additively manufactured parts.
C1 [Franco, B. E.; Ma, J.; Loveall, B.; Karayagiz, K.; Liu, J.; Arroyave, R.;
Karaman, I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Tapia, G. A.; Elwany, A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, College Stn, TX
77843 USA.
RP Karaman, I (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn,
TX 77843 USA.
EM ikaraman@tamu.edu
OI Karaman, Ibrahim/0000-0001-6461-4958
FU NASA Space Technology Research Grants Program, Early Stage Innovations
[NNX15AD71G]; National Science Foundation [DBI-0116835]
FX This work was made possible by the NASA Space Technology Research Grants
Program, Early Stage Innovations, through grant NNX15AD71G, as well as
the use of the Texas A&M Microscopy and Imaging Center equipment and
facilities. The FE-SEM acquisition was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. DBI-0116835.
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NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 17
U2 27
PI LONDON
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 7
AR 3604
DI 10.1038/s41598-017-03499-x
PG 12
GA EX5WT
UT WOS:000403314500052
PM 28620228
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chandra, S
Rao, BC
AF Chandra, Shubham
Rao, Balkrishna C.
TI A study of process parameters on workpiece anisotropy in the laser
engineered net shaping (LENSTM) process
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE LENSTM; anisotropy; additive manufacturing; superalloy
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; DEPOSITION; INCONEL-718;
FABRICATION; ALLOY
AB The process of laser engineered net shaping (LENSTM) is an additive
manufacturing technique that employs the coaxial flow of metallic powders with a
high-power laser to form a melt pool and the subsequent deposition of the specimen
on a substrate. Although research done over the past decade on the LENSTM
processing of alloys of steel, titanium, nickel and other metallic materials
typically reports superior mechanical properties in as-deposited specimens, when
compared to the bulk material, there is anisotropy in the mechanical properties of
the melt deposit. The current study involves the development of a numerical model
of the LENSTM process, using the principles of computational fluid dynamics (CFD),
and the subsequent prediction of the volume fraction of equiaxed grains to predict
process parameters required for the deposition of workpieces with isotropy in their
properties. The numerical simulation is carried out on ANSYS-Fluent, whose data on
thermal gradient are used to determine the volume fraction of the equiaxed grains
present in the deposited specimen. This study has been validated against earlier
efforts on the experimental studies of LENSTM for alloys of nickel. Besides being
applicable to the wider family of metals and alloys, the results of this study will
also facilitate effective process design to improve both product quality and
productivity.
C1 [Chandra, Shubham; Rao, Balkrishna C.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Engn Design,
Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
RP Rao, BC (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Engn Design, Madras 600036,
Tamil Nadu, India.
EM balkrish@iitm.ac.in
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NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 11
U2 22
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
EI 1361-6463
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD JUN 7
PY 2017
VL 50
IS 22
AR 225303
DI 10.1088/E361-6463/aa6d3b
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA EV1CT
UT WOS:000401484600001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, W
Chen, ZY
You, Y
Li, JS
AF Chen Wei
Chen Zheyuan
You Yang
Li Jinshan
TI Microstructure and Fatigue Behavior of EBSM Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; Ti-6Al-4V; microstructure; high cycle fatigue;
fracture analysis
ID BEAM MELTED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; DEPOSITION; TEXTURE
AB The microstructure, tensile and fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy made by
EBSM were studied. The as-built material exhibits a columnar microstructure in
which the prior-beta grains grow along the building direction. Within each beta
grain, Widmanstatten microstructure is dominant, and colonies of alpha/beta
platelets are also present. The tensile strength of as-built material is not
affected by defects and the average tensile strength and ductility meet the ASTM
standard. HIPing removes all defects in the EBSM Ti-6Al-4V alloy and increases
tensile elongation by similar to 35%, but the strength is 5% lower due to
microstructure coarsening. The fatigue life is also significantly improved by
HIPing and the fatigue limit reaches 600 MPa under 1 X 10(7) cycle, R=0.1
condition. The large scatter of fatigue life is maily attributed to the scatter of
tensile properties. In most of the samples, crack initiates from the surface. The
crack initiation mechanism is proposed base on fracture analysis of typical fatigue
specimens.
C1 [Chen Wei; Chen Zheyuan; You Yang] Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst,
[Chen Wei; Chen Zheyuan] Power Beam Proc Lab, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
[Chen Wei; Chen Zheyuan] Beijing Key Lab Power Beam Met Addit Mfg Technol,
[Chen Wei; Chen Zheyuan] Aviat Key Lab Sci & Technol Addit Mfg, Beijing 100024,
Peoples R China.
[Li Jinshan] Northwestern Polytech Univ, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, W (reprint author), Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Beijing 100024,
Peoples R China.
EM werner_nju@163.com
0397-x
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Murr L. E., 2012, INT J BIOMATER, V2012, P1
NEAL DF, 1976, ACTA METALL MATER, V24, P59, DOI 10.1016/0001-6160(76)90147-4
Pilchak AL, 2010, METALL MATER TRANS A, V41A, P106, DOI 10.1007/s11661-009-0064-
2
Tang HJ, 2015, J FUSION ENERG, V34, P42, DOI 10.1007/s10894-014-9758-6
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 46
SU 1
BP 25
EP 30
PG 6
Engineering
GA FC1AP
UT WOS:000406570100006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Cheng, X
Li, J
Wang, HM
AF Li, Zhuo
Cheng, Xu
Li, Jia
Wang, Huaming
TI Thermal expansion properties of laser melting deposited
Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1W alloy during alpha plus beta zone annealing
LA English
DT Article
DE Dilatometry; Titanium alloy; Variant selection; Additive manufacture;
Annealing
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; VARIANT SELECTION; HEAT-TREATMENT;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE; TRANSFORMATION; TEXTURE;
PRECIPITATION; TI-4AL-1.5MN
AB Thermal expansion properties of laser melting deposited Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V
alloy during alpha + beta zone annealing have been investigated based on
dilatometry. The texture of deposited Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy was analyzed by
electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and the evolution of microstructures
during annealing was measured by optical microscope. The result showed that the
expansion properties of deposited Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy were irreversible and
anisotropic. After annealing at 960 degrees C (T-beta-45 degrees C) for 1 h, a net-
expansion was achieved in both laser scan direction and transvers direction while
in the deposition direction, a net-contraction was gained. There was a selection of
alpha variants happened in as-deposited Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V alloy which was caused
by the anisotropic internal stress during deposition. In the heating stage of
annealing, the decrease of selected alpha variants led to a quick expansion in
deposition direction and slow expansion in laser scan and transvers directions. In
the cooling stage of annealing, the increase of selected a variants led to a quick
contraction in deposition direction and slow contraction in laser scan and
transvers directions. After alpha + beta zone annealing, the volume fraction of
selected alpha variants increased, leading to anisotropic net-expansion of the
deposited alloy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Zhuo; Cheng, Xu; Li, Jia; Wang, Huaming] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191,
Peoples R China.
RP Li, J (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit
EM lizhuo@buaa.edu.cn; 418091036@qq.com; lijia@buaa.edu.cn;
wanghm@buaa.edu.cn
OI Li, Zhuo/0000-0002-3100-9249
FU Natural Science Foundation of Beijing [Z140002]
FX This work is financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of
Beijing [Grant no. Z140002].
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10.1007/s11661-014-2722-2
V35, P2690
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NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PI NEW YORK
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 128
BP 115
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2017.01.019
PG 8
GA FB1CL
UT WOS:000405881200015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gokuldoss, PK
Kolla, S
Eckert, J
AF Gokuldoss, Prashanth Konda
Kolla, Sri
Eckert, Juergen
TI Additive Manufacturing Processes: Selective Laser Melting, Electron Beam
Melting and Binder JettingSelection Guidelines
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; electron beam melting
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES;
SHAPE DISTORTIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; RESIDUAL-STRESS; WEAR
PROPERTIES; HEAT-TREATMENT; ALLOY; PARTS
AB Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing or rapid prototyping, is
gaining increasing attention due to its ability to produce parts with added
functionality and increased complexities in geometrical design, on top of the fact
that it is theoretically possible to produce any shape without limitations.
However, most of the research on additive manufacturing techniques are focused on
the development of materials/process parameters/products design with different
additive manufacturing processes such as selective laser melting, electron beam
melting, or binder jetting. However, we do not have any guidelines that discuss the
selection of the most suitable additive manufacturing process, depending on the
material to be processed, the complexity of the parts to be produced, or the design
considerations. Considering the very fact that no reports deal with this process
selection, the present manuscript aims to discuss the different selection criteria
that are to be considered, in order to select the best AM process (binder
jetting/selective laser melting/electron beam melting) for fabricating a specific
component with a defined set of material properties.
C1 [Gokuldoss, Prashanth Konda; Kolla, Sri] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mfg
& Civil Engn, Teknologivegen 22, N-2815 Gjovik, Norway.
[Gokuldoss, Prashanth Konda; Eckert, Juergen] Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid
Inst Mat Sci, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
Austria.
RP Gokuldoss, PK (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mfg & Civil
Engn, Teknologivegen 22, N-2815 Gjovik, Norway.; Gokuldoss, PK (reprint author),
Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
EM Prashanth.konda@ntnu.no; sri.kolla@ntnu.no; juergen.eckert@oeaw.ac.at
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NR 77
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 31
U2 38
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 6
AR 672
DI 10.3390/ma10060672
PG 12
GA EZ0SE
UT WOS:000404415000106
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kudiiarov, VN
Syrtanov, MS
Bordulev, YS
Babikhina, MN
Lider, AM
Gubin, VE
Murashkina, TL
AF Kudiiarov, V. N.
Syrtanov, M. S.
Bordulev, Yu. S.
Babikhina, M. N.
Lider, A. M.
Gubin, V. E.
Murashkina, T. L.
TI The hydrogen sorption and desorption behavior in spherical powder of
pure titanium used for additive manufacturing
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen; Sorption and desorption behavior; Spherical powder of pure
titanium; Additive manufacturing
ID COMMERCIAL PURITY TITANIUM; BETA-TITANIUM; TIH2 POWDERS; ALLOY; HYDRIDE;
EMBRITTLEMENT; DEFORMATION; CRACKING; VT1-0
AB The hydrogen sorption and desorption behavior in spherical powder of pure
titanium used for additive manufacturing have been investigated. The dependencies
of oxide dissolution time and hydrogen sorption rate on pressure and temperature
have been obtained. The main regularities of phase formation in titanium powder
during hydrogenation until hydrogen concentration 4 wt% have been showed. The
peculiarities of hydrogen desorption from the spherical powder of titanium with
hydrogen concentration 4 wt% have been demonstrated. (C) 2017 Hydrogen Energy
Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kudiiarov, V. N.; Syrtanov, M. S.; Bordulev, Yu. S.; Babikhina, M. N.; Lider,
A. M.; Murashkina, T. L.] Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Dept Gen Phys, Inst Phys &
Technol, Lenin Ave 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Gubin, V. E.] Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Power Engn, Dept Nucl &
Thermal Power Plants, Lenin Ave 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
RP Syrtanov, MS (reprint author), Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Dept Gen Phys, Inst
Phys & Technol, Lenin Ave 30, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
EM maxim-syrtanov@mail.ru
RI Gubin, Vladimir/I-9682-2017; Lider, Andrey/A-7702-2014
FU Strategic Programme on National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Competitiveness Enhancement in the Group of Top Level World Research and
Academic Institutions
FX This work was funded within the framework of realization of Strategic
Programme on National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Competitiveness Enhancement in the Group of Top Level World Research and
Academic Institutions.
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Zhao JW, 2010, INT J HYDROGEN ENERG, V35, P6448, DOI
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.109
NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI OXFORD
SN 0360-3199
EI 1879-3487
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD JUN 1
PY 2017
VL 42
IS 22
BP 15283
EP 15289
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.248
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA EY3HH
UT WOS:000403861700041
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wu, QR
Ma, ZS
Chen, GS
Liu, CM
Ma, DX
Ma, SY
AF Wu, Qianru
Ma, Zhenshu
Chen, Guangsen
Liu, Changmeng
Ma, Dongxi
Ma, Shuyuan
TI Obtaining fine microstructure and unsupported overhangs by low heat
input pulse arc additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Arc additive manufacturing; Ti-6Al-4V; Microstructure; Unsupported
overhangs
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V COMPONENTS; TITANIUM-ALLOY; LASER;
DEPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; METAL; WIRE; FABRICATION; EVOLUTION
AB Arc additive manufacturing can be used to fabricate large scale titanium alloy
parts with high deposition rate and low costs. However, coarse columnar beta grains
in deposited Ti-6Al-4V components and unsupported overhangs fabrication are two
challenges in arc additive manufacturing. In order to handle these issues, low heat
input deposition using pulse current is investigated in this study. The results
indicate that the reduction of heat input can increase the cooling rate, but has no
significant effect on the refinement of beta grain size due to the increasing
temperature gradient and the preferred growth of beta grain. Nonetheless, fine
alpha plates can be obtained as the cooling rate increases. Tensile testing
parallel to the deposition plane reveals that the ultimate tensile strength is
between 963 and 1008 MPa and ductility is between 11.4% and 17.8%. With the decline
of heat input, the ultimate strength and yield strength are improved. Besides,
horizontal structures without supports are fabricated successfully using low
frequency pulse current. According to the force conditions of the molten pool, a
contact angle hysteresis model is applied to reveal the fabrication mechanism. (C)
2017 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Wu, Qianru; Chen, Guangsen; Liu, Changmeng; Ma, Shuyuan] Beijing Inst Technol,
Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Ma, Zhenshu; Chen, Guangsen; Ma, Dongxi] Mech Technol Inst, Shijiazhuang
[Ma, Zhenshu; Chen, Guangsen; Ma, Dongxi] Mech Engn Coll, Shijiazhuang 050003,
Peoples R China.
RP Liu, CM (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
EM liuchangmeng@bit.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51505033]; Beijing Natural
Science Foundation [3162027]; Beijing Institute of Technology
FX The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51505033), Beijing Natural Science Foundation
(3162027), and Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Beijing
Institute of Technology.
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.02.002
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NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 13
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1526-6125
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 27
BP 198
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.05.004
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA EY9JC
UT WOS:000404313900019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Vora, P
Martinez, R
Hopkinson, N
Todd, I
Mumtaz, K
AF Vora, Pratik
Martinez, Rafael
Hopkinson, Neil
Todd, Iain
Mumtaz, Kamran
TI Customised Alloy Blends for In-Situ Al339 Alloy Formation Using
Anchorless Selective Laser Melting
SO TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; alloy design; in-situ
alloying
ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM BORIDE;
MICROSTRUCTURE; PARTS
AB The additive manufacturing process Selective Laser Melting (SLM) can generate
large thermal gradients during the processing of metallic powder; this can in turn
lead to increased residual stress formation within a component. Metal anchors or
support structures are required to be built during the process and forcibly hold
SLM components to a substrate plate and minimise geometric distortion/warpage due
to the process induced thermal residual stress. The requirement for support
structures can limit the geometric freedom of the SLM process and increase post-
processing operations. A novel method known as Anchorless Selective Laser Melting
(ASLM) maintains processed material within a stress relieved state throughout the
duration of a build. As a result, metal components formed using ASLM do not develop
signification residual stresses within the process, thus, the conventional support
structures or anchors used are not required to prevent geometric distortion. ASLM
locally melts two or more compositionally distinct powdered materials that alloy
under the action of the laser, forming into various combinations of hypo/hyper
eutectic alloys with a new reduced solidification temperature. This new alloy is
maintained in a semi-solid or stress reduced state for a prolonged period during
the build with the assistance of elevated powder bed pre-heating. In this paper,
custom blends of alloys are designed, manufactured and processed using ASLM. The
purpose of this work is to create an Al339 alloy from compositionally distinct
powder blends. The in-situ alloying of this material and ASLM processing conditions
allowed components to be built in a stress-relieved state, enabling the manufacture
of overhanging and unsupported features.
C1 [Vora, Pratik; Martinez, Rafael; Hopkinson, Neil; Mumtaz, Kamran] Univ
Sheffield, Dept Mech Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
[Todd, Iain] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire,
England.
RP Mumtaz, K (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mech Engn, Sheffield S1 3JD, S
Yorkshire, England.
EM nhopkinso@sheffield.ac.uk; ramartinez1@sheffield.ac.uk;
nhopkinso@sheffield.ac.uk; iain.todd@sheffield.ac.uk;
k.mumtaz@sheffield.ac.uk
FU EPSRC [EP/I028331/1]
FX The authors would like to thank EPSRC for their support during this
research (grant number EP/I028331/1).
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NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2227-7080
J9 TECHNOLOGIES
JI Technologies
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 5
IS 2
AR 24
DI 10.3390/technologies5020024
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA EY6ZU
UT WOS:000404135500003
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zadpoor, AA
AF Zadpoor, Amir A.
TI Mechanics of additively manufactured biomaterials
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomaterials; Mechanical performance; Shape-property relationship;
ID POROUS METALLIC BIOMATERIALS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS;
COMPRESSION FATIGUE; TITANIUM SCAFFOLDS; BONE SCAFFOLDS; CORTICAL BONE;
UNIT-CELL; TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY
AB Additive manufacturing (3D printing) has found many applications in healthcare
including fabrication of biomaterials as well as bioprinting of tissues and organs.
Additively manufactured (AM) biomaterials may possess arbitrarily complex micro-
architectures that give rise to novel mechanical, physical, and biological
properties. The mechanical behavior of such porous biomaterials including their
quasi-static mechanical properties and fatigue resistance is not yet well
understood. It is particularly important to understand the relationship between the
designed micro-architecture (topology) and the resulting mechanical properties. The
current special issue is dedicated to understanding the mechanical behavior of AM
biomaterials. Although various types of AM biomaterials are represented in the
special issue, the primary focus is on AM porous metallic biomaterials. As a
prelude to this special issue, this editorial reviews some of the latest findings
in the mechanical behavior of AM porous metallic biomaterials so as to describe the
current state-of-the-art and set the stage for the other studies appearing in the
issue. Some areas that are important for future research are also briefly
mentioned. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zadpoor, Amir A.] Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Addit Mfg Lab, Dept Biomech
RP Zadpoor, AA (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Addit Mfg Lab, Dept
Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM a.a.zadpoor@tudelft.nl
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.11.022
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.06.012
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.10.003
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.09.018
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.10.006
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.011
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.02.036
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Van Hooreweder B, 2017, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V70, P60, DOI
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.017
10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.005
10.1108/13552540710776142
Wauthle R, 2015, ACTA BIOMATER, V14, P217, DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.12.003
Wieding J, 2014, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V37, P56, DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.05.002
Wieding J, 2012, MATERIALS, V5, P1336, DOI 10.3390/ma5081336
Xiang N, 2012, J DENT, V40, P453, DOI 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.02.006
Xin XZ, 2013, CELL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS, V67, P983, DOI 10.1007/s12013-013-9593-9
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Zhou ZX, 2017, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V70, P68, DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.04.035
NR 57
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 18
U2 40
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 70
SI SI
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.018
PG 6
GA EU5BU
UT WOS:000401047400001
PM 28433241
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Speirs, M
Van Hooreweder, B
Van Humbeeck, J
Kruth, JP
AF Speirs, M.
Van Hooreweder, B.
Van Humbeeck, J.
Kruth, J-P
TI Fatigue behaviour of NiTi shape memory alloy scaffolds produced by SLM,
a unit cell design comparison
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Nickel titanium; Fatigue Mechanical properties;
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS BIOMATERIALS; COMPRESSION FATIGUE;
NICKEL-TITANIUM; POWDER; STRENGTH; MODELS; BONE
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique able to
produce complex functional parts via successively melting layers of metal powder.
This process grants the freedom to design highly complex scaffold components to
allow bone ingrowth and aid mechanical anchorage.
This paper investigates the compression fatigue behaviour of three different
unit cells (octahedron, cellular gyroid and sheet gyroid) of SLM nitinol scaffolds.
It was found that triply periodic minimal surfaces display superior static
mechanical properties in comparison to conventional octahedron beam lattice
structures at identical volume fractions. Fatigue resistance was also found to be
highly geometry dependent due to the effects of AM processing techniques on the
surface topography and notch sensitivity. Geometries minimising nodal points and
the staircase effect displayed the greatest fatigue resistance when normalized to
yield strength. Furthermore oxygen analysis showed a large oxygen uptake during SLM
processing which must be altered to meet ASTM medical grade standards and may
significantly reduce fatigue life. These achieved fatigue properties indicate that
NiTi scaffolds produced via SLM can provide sufficient mechanical support over an
implants lifetime within stress range values experienced in real life.
C1 [Speirs, M.; Van Hooreweder, B.; Kruth, J-P] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mech
Engn, Leuven, Belgium.
[Van Humbeeck, J.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Leuven, Belgium.
RP Speirs, M (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, Leuven,
Belgium.
EM mathew.speirs@kuleuven.be
FU EU 7th framework program (FP7) under Marie Curie ITN project BioTiNet
[264635]; FWO (Fonds wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) Vlaanderen [12S4615N]
FX The authors acknowledge support within the EU 7th framework program
(FP7) under Marie Curie ITN project BioTiNet (Grant No. 264635) and
support from the FWO (Fonds wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) Vlaanderen
(Grant No. 12S4615N). The assistance of D.Winant with the DSC
measurements and J.Umans with figure processing is also highly
appreciated.
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10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.012
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.06.010
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5093(99)00147-1
10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.005
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Yoo DJ, 2011, BIOMATERIALS, V32, P7741, DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.019
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 40
U2 60
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 70
SI SI
BP 53
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.01.016
PG 7
GA EU5BU
UT WOS:000401047400006
PM 28162939
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Fischer, M
Laheurte, P
Acquier, P
Joguet, D
Peltier, L
Petithory, T
Anselme, K
Mille, P
AF Fischer, M.
Laheurte, P.
Acquier, P.
Joguet, D.
Peltier, L.
Petithory, T.
Anselme, K.
Mille, P.
TI Synthesis and characterization of Ti-27.5Nb alloy made by CLAD (R)
additive manufacturing process for biomedical applications
LA English
DT Article
DE Beta-titanium; CIAD process; Microstructure; Texture analysis;
Mechanical properties; Cytocompatibility; Cell viability
ID SHAPE-MEMORY BEHAVIOR; NB BINARY-ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; IMPLANT MATERIALS; SUPERELASTICITY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
COMPONENTS; TI-6AL-4V; EVOLUTION
AB Biocompatible beta-titanium alloys such as Ti-27.5(at.%)Nb are good candidates
for implantology and arthroplasty applications as their particular mechanical
properties, including low Young's modulus, could significantly reduce the stress-
shielding phenomenon usually occurring after surgery. The CLAD process is a powder
blown additive manufacturing process that allows the manufacture of patient
specific (i.e. custom) implants. Thus, the use of Ti-27.5(at.%)Nb alloy formed by
CLAD process for biomedical applications as a mean to increase cytocompatibility
and mechanical biocompatibility was investigated in this study. The microstructural
properties of the CLAD-deposited alloy were studied with optical microscopy and
electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The conservation of the
mechanical properties of the Ti-27.5Nb material after the transformation steps
(ingot-powder atomisation-CLAD) were verified with tensile tests and appear to
remain close to those of reference material. Cytocompatibility of the material and
subsequent cell viability tests showed that no cytotoxic elements are released in
the medium and that viable cells proliferated well. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Fischer, M.; Laheurte, P.] Univ Lorraine, LEM3, F-57045 Metz, France.
[Acquier, P.] Inst Carnot Mica, IREPA Laser, Parc Innovat, F-67400 Illkirch
Graffenstaden, France.
[Joguet, D.] Univ Technol Belfort Montbeliard, LERMPS, F-90010 Sevenans,
Belfort, France.
[Peltier, L.] Ecole Natl Super Arts & Metiers, LEM3, F-57078 Metz, France.
[Petithory, T.; Anselme, K.] Univ Haute Alsace, IS2M, CNRS UMR7361, F-68057
Mulhouse, France.
[Mille, P.] LGECO Inst Natl Sci Appl, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
RP Laheurte, P (reprint author), Univ Lorraine, LEM3, F-57045 Metz, France.
EM pascal.laheurte@univ-lorraine.fr
FU French National Research Agency [ANR-12-EMMA-0003]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of The French
National Research Agency, project ID ANR-12-EMMA-0003.
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10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.021
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5093(02)00525-7
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10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.054
Nii Y., 2010, PHYS REV B
Niinomi M, 2012, ACTA BIOMATER, V8, P3888, DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.037
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10.1016/j.msec.2014.01.048
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 20
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0928-4931
EI 1873-0191
PD JUN 1
PY 2017
VL 75
BP 341
EP 348
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.060
PG 8
GA EU0SE
UT WOS:000400720800038
PM 28415471
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ellyson, B
Brochu, M
Brochu, M
AF Ellyson, Benjamin
Brochu, Mathieu
Brochu, Myriam
TI Characterization of bending vibration fatigue of SLM fabricated
Ti-6A1-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective Laser Melting; Titanium; Vibration fatigue; High cycle
fatigue; Fractography
ID CYCLE FATIGUE; LASER; TI-6AL-4V; PERFORMANCE; FREQUENCY; DUCTILITY;
ALLOY; BEAM
AB Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a novel process that promises an increased
efficiency in material use, while allowing the production of advanced topologies
and the seamless integration of inner cavities and pathways without the use of
complex tooling. As of now, little work has been done on the fatigue performance of
these materials. Concurrently, an interest in understanding fatigue behavior
specific to turbine and compressor blades has been expressed by original equipment
manufacturers. This type of fatigue loading is characterized by high frequency,
short wavelength stress states as well as mixed mode loading. It has been found
that conventional fatigue data are inadequate in representing this type of fatigue
loading. In response, a vibration-based fatigue technique has presented itself as a
viable alternative. In this work, the vibration-based fatigue behavior of Ti-6A1-4V
is studied in an effort to address the use of AM for the production of compressor
parts. Samples produced by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) are cycled in the first
bending mode to quantify the average stress amplitude at failure for 10(7) cycles
using the Dixon-Mood staircase method. Subsequent fractography and statistical
analysis are used to determine the dominant failure mechanisms and the effect of
chosen variables, respectively. The effect of the build direction and post-build
heat treatment are examined. Lastly, 3D laser vibrometry data are used to
critically assess the vibration test method relative to AM materials. The study
concludes that fatigue life can be greatly increased by a Hot Isostatic Pressing
(HIP) treatment, even surpassing wrought alloy performance, and that build
direction has a significant effect on fatigue performance. Also, the vibrometry
data indicate that AM and conventional materials present similar modal behavior.
(C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ellyson, Benjamin; Brochu, Myriam] Ecole Polytech Montreal, Montreal, PQ,
Canada.
[Brochu, Mathieu] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Ellyson, B (reprint author), Ecole Polytech Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
EM benjamin.ellyson@gmail.com
FU Consortium de recherche et innovation en aeronautique du quebec (CRIAQ);
Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal and McGill University; Bell Helicopter
Textron Canada; Bombardier; Edmit; GE; Heroux-Devtek; Liburdi; MDA;
Pratt Whitney Canada
FX The author is grateful to the "Consortium de recherche et innovation en
aeronautique du quebec" (CRIAQ), the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal and
McGill University, as well as Bell Helicopter Textron Canada,
Bombardier, Edmit, GE, Heroux-Devtek, Liburdi, MDA and Pratt Whitney
Canada for their financial support and involvement in projet MANU601. A
special mention is reserved for GE Aviation for the use of their testing
equipment, Edmit for the production of the samples and Heroux-Devtek for
the use of their characterization equipment.
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10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.041
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.025
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Suresh S., 1998, FATIGUE MAT
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NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 12
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 99
BP 25
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.02.005
PN 1
PG 10
GA ET8EG
UT WOS:000400531000003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ren, C
Koopman, M
Fang, ZZ
Zhang, H
van Devener, B
AF Ren, Chai
Koopman, Mark
Fang, Z. Zak
Zhang, Huan
van Devener, Brian
TI A study on the sintering of ultrafine grained tungsten with Ti-based
additives
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
LA English
CT 14th International Symposium on Novel Nano Materials (ISNNM)
CY JUL 03-08, 2016
CL Budapest, HUNGARY
SP Korean Powder Met Inst, Hungarian Acad Sci Ctr Energy Res, Slovak Acad Sci,
Miskolc Univ
DE Nanocrystalline material; Tungsten; Titanium; Sintering; Grain growth;
Ultrafine grain
ID DISPERSION-STRENGTHENED TUNGSTEN; NANOSCALE SIZE RANGE;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IMPACT PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOYS;
COMPOSITES; POWDERS; DEFORMATION; FABRICATION
AB Tungsten (W) is a brittle material at room temperature making it very difficult
to fabricate. Although the lack of ductility remains a difficult challenge, nano-
sized and ultrafine grain (UFG) microstructures offer potential for overcoming
tungsten's room temperature brittleness. One way to manufacture UFG W is to compact
and sinter nanosized W powder, however, it is a non-trivial task to control grain
growth during sintering. In an effort to inhibit grain growth, the effect of Ti-
based additives on the densification and grain growth of nano-W powders was
investigated in this study. The addition of 1 wt.% Ti into tungsten led to more
than a 63% decrease in average grain size of sintered samples at comparable density
levels. It was also found that sintering in Ar yielded a finer grain size than
sintering in H-2 at similar densities. Compared to conventional high temperature
sintering, a lower temperature sintering cycle for a longer hold time resulted in
both near-full density and fine grain size. The roles of the Ti additive include
not only the inhibition of grain growth, but also the potential absorption of
oxygen from W particles. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ren, Chai; Koopman, Mark; Fang, Z. Zak; Zhang, Huan] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn,
135 S 1460 E Rm 412, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[van Devener, Brian] Univ Utah, Utah NanoFab, 36 S Wasatch Dr Rm 2500, Salt Lake
City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Fang, ZZ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, 135 S 1460 E Rm 412, Salt
Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM chai.ren@utah.edu; zak.fang@utah.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Fusion Material
Program [DESC0008673]; U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)
[W15QKN-13-C-0068, W15QKN-15-C-0038]; NSF [DMR-1121252]
FX The Authors wish to thank the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of
Science, Fusion Material Program (DESC0008673) and the U.S. Department
of Defense (DOD), SBIR program (W15QKN-13-C-0068) and (W15QKN-15-C-0038)
for financial support. This work made use of the University of Utah
USTAR shared facilities supported, in part, by the MRSEC Program of NSF
under Award No. DMR-1121252. The authors would also like to thank Mr.
Randy Poison for fabrication of the TEM samples by focused ion beam, and
Mr. Brady Butler from the Army Research Laboratory for many valuable
discussions.
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NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-4368
J9 INT J REFRACT MET H
JI Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mat.
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 65
SI SI
BP 2
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2016.11.013
PG 7
Engineering
GA ES9EK
UT WOS:000399858700002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tebaldo, V
Faga, MG
AF Tebaldo, Vincenzo
Faga, Maria Giulia
TI Influence of the heat treatment on the microstructure and machinability
of titanium aluminides produced by electron beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium aluminide; Electron beam melting; Dry turning; Microstructure;
Crystalline phases; Wear
ID WORKPIECE SURFACE INTEGRITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TIAL ALLOY; GAMMA;
TEMPERATURE; INTERMETALLICS; COMPONENTS; LIFE; DRY
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) has been emerging as a promising fabrication
technology for polymers and metal products. This technology is able to fabricate
complex shape components with high geometrical freedom and allows to reduce the
overall waste material, as the powder can be recycled several times, and time from
drawing to production can be consistently reduced. In the case of materials for
aerospace applications, like TiAl alloys, conventional machining is needed to
obtain the required surface finish. The machinability is strongly dependent on the
specific alloys and on the production technology used, leading to different
microstructures, that can be tuned undergoing the alloys to several treatments
after the AM process. The paper focus on the effect of post processing treatment on
hardness, structural properties and machinability of Ti48Al2Nb2Cr obtained by
electron beam melting process. Untreated and heat treated alloys were considered.
Turning tests were carried out under dry conditions by using cemented carbides
cutting tools coated with TiCN-Al2O3-TiN. The structure, microstructure and
hardness of the material were studied and related to machinability, that was
evaluated in terms of tool life and surface integrity, focusing on both surface and
sub-surface alterations. Tool wear, cutting forces, chip morphology and surface
roughness were also analyzed. Adhesion prevailed on abrasion as main wear
phenomenon, leading to cutting edge breaking. Results indicated a higher
machinability of the alloys that underwent post processing treatment because of the
different microstructure and crystalline phases induced. Indeed, c42 and f3 phases
present in heat treated material enhanced the formation of built up edge, acting as
protective layer and then slowing down the degradation phenomena. Also the lower
porosity leaded to a lower diffusion phenomenon, positively affecting the tool
life. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tebaldo, Vincenzo; Faga, Maria Giulia] Natl Res Council CNR, Imamoter, Str
Cacce 73, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
RP Faga, MG (reprint author), Natl Res Council CNR, Imamoter, Str Cacce 73, I-10135
Turin, Italy.
EM mlaga@imamoter.cnrit
FU Piedmont Region
FX Most of the work was carried out without any external funding source. As
for a part of the cutting tests, they were funded by Piedmont Region in
the frame of Great 2020 Project (POR-FESR 07(13-Asse I Misura
RI7-aerospazio).
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NR 50
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 15
U2 51
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 244
BP 289
EP 303
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.037
PG 15
Multidisciplinary
GA EP7IF
UT WOS:000397550800026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU AlMangour, B
Grzesiak, D
Yang, JM
AF AlMangour, Bandar
Grzesiak, Dariusz
Yang, Jenn-Ming
TI Selective laser melting of TiB2/H13 steel nanocomposites: Influence of
hot isostatic pressing post-treatment
LA English
DT Article
DE H13 steel; Metal matrix nanocomposite; Selective laser melting;
Hot-isostatic pressing; Hardness; Wear
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY; ENERGY
INPUT; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER; FABRICATION; COMPONENTS; PARTS; WEAR
AB A TiB2/H13 steel nanocomposite powder was produced by high-energy ball milling
and used to fabricate components by selective laser melting (SLM), an additive
manufacturing process. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment was applied to
improve the final density of the SLM-fabricated component, and the results were
compared with those of an untreated component. The microstructure of the as built
nanocomposite comprised of fine equiaxed grains with TiB2 particles homogenously
dispersed in the H13 steel grains and grain boundaries. Relative to the
unreinforced base metal, the hardness of the SLM-processed nanocomposite was found
to be slightly higher, but friction and wear rate significantly decreased. The HIP
post-treatment effectively eliminated major pores in the nanocomposites. In
addition, the post-treatment transformed the continuous" grains into intermittent
grains with crystalline clusters. A further increase in the average hardness values
with large standard deviations was observed after HIP treatment because of the
competition between the high-temperature annealing effect and the improvement in
density. A slight increase in the wear rate after the post-treatment was observed
as a result of the grain coarsening and agglomeration of the TiB2 nanoparticles in
the H13 matrix. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [AlMangour, Bandar] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[AlMangour, Bandar; Yang, Jenn-Ming] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Grzesiak, Dariusz] West Pomeranian Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn & Mech,
Szczecin,Aleja Piastow 17, Szczecin, Poland.
RP AlMangour, B (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA
02138 USA.
EM balmangour@seas.harvard.edu
RI Grzesiak, Dariusz/E-5686-2016
OI Grzesiak, Dariusz/0000-0001-6050-708X
FU Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Quintus Technologies, USA, for
performing the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment. One of the
authors, Bandar AlMangour, gratefully acknowledges the financial support
provided by the Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC).
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AGE, P1
NR 33
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 24
U2 53
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 244
BP 344
EP 353
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.019
PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA EP7IF
UT WOS:000397550800031
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, CP
Guan, YC
Zhou, W
AF Ma, C. P.
Guan, Y. C.
Zhou, W.
TI Laser polishing of additive manufactured Ti alloys
SO OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser polishing; Additive manufacturing; Ti alloy; Microhardness; Wear
resistance
ID POST HEAT-TREATMENTS; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
CORROSION BEHAVIOR; MAGNESIUM ALLOY; TITANIUM-ALLOY; TOOL STEEL;
TI-6AL-4V; BEAM; IRRADIATION
AB Laser-based additive manufacturing has attracted much attention as a promising
3D printing method for metallic components in recent years. However, surface
roughness of additive manufactured components has been considered as a challenge to
achieve high performance. In this work, we demonstrate the capability of fiber
laser in polishing rough surface of additive manufactured Ti-based alloys as Ti-
6A1-4V and TC11. Both as-received surface and laser-polished surfaces as well as
cross-section subsurfaces were analyzed carefully by White-Light Interference,
Confocal Microscope, Focus Ion Beam, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy
Dispersive Spectrometer, and X-ray Diffraction. Results revealed that as-received
Ti-based alloys with surface roughness more than 5 ism could be reduce to less than
1 pm through laser polishing process. Moreover, microstructure, microhardness and
wear resistance of laser-polished zone was investigated in order to examine the
thermal effect of laser polishing processing on the substrate of additive
manufactured Ti alloys. This proof-of-concept process has the potential to
effectively improve the surface roughness of additive manufactured metallic alloy
by local polishing method without damage to the substrate.
C1 [Ma, C. P.; Guan, Y. C.] Beihang Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automat, 37 Xueyuan Rd,
[Guan, Y. C.] Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37
[Zhou, W.] Nanyang Technol Univ, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RP Guan, YC (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automat, 37 Xueyuan Rd,
EM guanyingchun@buaa.edu.cn
FU Key Research in Additive Manufacturing and Laser Manufacturing of China
[2016YFB1102503]; National Key Basic Research Program of China
[2015CB059900]; Beijing Natural Science Foundation [3162019]; Beihang
University [74003401]
FX Support by the National Program of Key Research in Additive
Manufacturing and Laser Manufacturing of China with grant number
2016YFB1102503, National Key Basic Research Program of China with grant
number 2015CB059900, Beijing Natural Science Foundation with grant
number 3162019, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
from Beihang University with project code 74003401.
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NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 54
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0143-8166
EI 1873-0302
J9 OPT LASER ENG
JI Opt. Lasers Eng.
PD JUN
PY 2017
VL 93
BP 171
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2017.02.005
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA EP9IM
UT WOS:000397687300020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Grigoriev, A
Polozov, I
Sufiiarov, V
Popovich, A
AF Grigoriev, Alexey
Polozov, Igor
Sufiiarov, Vadim
Popovich, Anatoly
TI In-situ synthesis of Ti(2)A1Nb-based intermetallic alloy by selective
laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Additive manufacturing; In situ alloying;
Microstructure Microhardness; Ti-22A1-25Nb alloy
ID ELEMENTAL POWDER-METALLURGY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM ALUMINIDES;
HEAT-TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; TRANSFORMATION; EVOLUTION; NB
AB Ti(2)AINb-based intermetallic alloys are considered to be one of the excellent
potential materials applied in engineering practice. Selective laser melting (SLM)
is a promising technology for manufacturing of,parts with a combination of complex
design and high mechanical properties. The possibility of in-situ synthesis of Ti-
22A1-25Nb and Ti-5AI alloys using elemental powder mixtures has been demonstrated
in this paper. The bulk samples were produced using 275 W and 950 W laser power.
The microstructure, phase composition, microhardness of the.produced material have
been studied in this work, as well as the effect of heat treatment by means of
homogenizing annealing and subsequent aging on the microstructure and chemical
homogeneity of the material. It has been shown that Ti-22A1-25Nb material, produced
by SLM, after annealing consists of B2-grains with Ti(2)A1Nb and Ti(3)A1
precipitates with homogeneous distribution of the elements in the bulk material.(C)
C1 [Grigoriev, Alexey; Polozov, Igor; Sufiiarov, Vadim; Popovich, Anatoly] Peter
Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Polytech Skaya 29, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
[Grigoriev, Alexey] JSC Klimov, Kantemirovskaya 11, St Petersburg 194100,
Russia.
RP Polozov, I (reprint author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Polytech
Skaya 29, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
EM igor.polozov@gmail.com
OI Polozov, Igor/0000-0002-5380-3072; Sufiiarov, Vadim/0000-0002-1889-4183
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NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 17
U2 31
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAY 15
PY 2017
VL 704
BP 434
EP 442
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.02.086
PG 9
GA EO8PD
UT WOS:000396950900056
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Keist, JS
Palmer, TA
AF Keist, Jayme S.
Palmer, Todd A.
TI Development of strength-hardness relationships in additively
manufactured titanium alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Mechanical characterization; Titanium alloys;
Microhardness; Tensile testing
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL-DEPOSITION; YIELD
STRENGTH; ALPHA-PHASE; TENSILE PROPERTIES; TI-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
NANOINDENTATION; TRANSFORMATION
AB A major concern for additively manufactured (AM) Ti-6A1-4V components is how AM
processing parameters and post-process heat treatments impact the resulting
mechanical behavior. The applicability of using microhardness measurements as a
predictive tool for yield and tensile strengths of AM Ti-6A1-4V would provide a
rapid and useful screening mechanism for ensuring that properties meet requirements
in complex geometries. However, microhardness measurements on Ti-6A1-4V exhibit
high levels of data variability due to the orientational impact of the a phase. In
order to overcome this variability in hardness measurements, a methodology for
aggregating microhardness data in individual builds has been developed and
validated. By compiling mean microhardness values from various AM components
produced by electron beam based directed energy deposition (DED), laser based DED,
and laser based powder bed fusion (PBF) processes in the as deposited and post-
process heat treated conditions, strong linear correlations between strength and
hardness can be developed in AM materials having a lamellar alpha-beta
microstructure. With the addition of strain hardening and a phase orientation
contributions to the mean microhardness measurement, the strength-hardness
correlations of AM Ti-6A1-4V followed empirically derived models, opening the
possibility of using these models to predict strengths from AM components
regardless of the AM process or post-process state.
C1 [Keist, Jayme S.; Palmer, Todd A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, POB 30, State
Coll, PA 16804 USA.
PA 16804 USA.
EM keist@psu.edu; tap103@psu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command, United
States [N00024-02-D-6604, 0611]
Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command, United States, under
Contract no. N00024-02-D-6604, Delivery order No. 0611. Special thanks
to Dr. Billy Short, Dr. William Frazier, Dr. Madan Kittur, Ms. Malinda
Pagett, and Mr. Anthony Zaita for their helpful discussions and
recommendations. We also acknowledge Karen Taminger for the fabrication
of the electron beam based DED wall structures, and Mr. Jay Tressler and
Mr. Griffin Jones for fabrication of the lased based DED wall
structures. In addition, we acknowledge Mr. Ed Good for use of his
metallurgical laboratory.
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NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 22
U2 32
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD MAY 2
PY 2017
VL 693
BP 214
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.03.102
PG 11
GA EU9UE
UT WOS:000401384400023
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Castellanos, SD
Alves, JL
Neto, RJ
AF Castellanos, S. D.
Alves, Jorge Lino
Neto, Rui J.
TI A comparative study of manufacturing processes of complex surface parts
in Titanium Ti6Al4V
SO CIENCIA & TECNOLOGIA DOS MATERIAIS
LA English
DT Article
DE complex surface; Ti6Al4V; machining; investment casting; SLM
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; TEMPERATURES; INVESTMENTS;
PROSPECTS
AB Titanium and its alloys have been increasingly used since the 1950s, because of
its excellent characteristics, such as the specific resistance, corrosion
resistance, and biocompatibility, among others. The most employed alloys are the
alpha-beta Ti6Al4V (representing 50% of the market), normally used in devices that
demand optimized designs and complex technological properties. The manufacture of
components in titanium requires dedicated equipment and the combination of
different technologies, like electrical discharge machining, five-axis machining,
investment casting, additive manufacturing and others. This work presents a
literature review of casting, machining and additive manufacturing technologies
relative to titanium parts manufacturing, indicating the most common problems and
the solutions proposed, with special empahsis to Ti6Al4V, due to its wide
industrial use. The goal is presenting a comparative experimental study of the
surface finishing, geometric accuracy and microhardness, in a Ti6Al4V impeller
manufactured by Investment Casting, Machining and Selective Laser Melting. (C) 2017
Portuguese Society of Materials (SPM). Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U..All
rights reserved.
C1 [Castellanos, S. D.; Alves, Jorge Lino; Neto, Rui J.] Univ Porto, Fac Engn,
INEGI, Rua Dr Roberto Frias 400, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal.
[Castellanos, S. D.] Univ Armed Forces ESPE, Dept Sci Energy & Mech, Av Gen
Ruminahui,POB 171-5-231B, Sangolqui, Ecuador.
RP Castellanos, SD (reprint author), Univ Porto, Fac Engn, INEGI, Rua Dr Roberto
Frias 400, P-4200465 Oporto, Portugal.; Castellanos, SD (reprint author), Univ
Armed Forces ESPE, Dept Sci Energy & Mech, Av Gen Ruminahui,POB 171-5-231B,
Sangolqui, Ecuador.
EM svilla@inegi.up.pt
OI Lino Alves, Fernando Jorge/0000-0002-9327-9092
FU Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON. 2 - O Novo Norte), under
Quadro de Referencia Estrategico Nacional (QREN), through Fundo Europeu
de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) [SAESCTN-PIIDT/1/2011]; University
of the Armed Forces-ESPE
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of Project
SAESCTN-PII&DT/1/2011 co-financed by Programa Operacional Regional do
Norte (ON. 2 - O Novo Norte), under Quadro de Referencia Estrategico
Nacional (QREN), through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional
(FEDER) and to the University of the Armed Forces-ESPE for funding the
doctoral studies.
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NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER ESPANA S I
PI MADRID
PA INFANTA MERCEDES 90, MADRID, 28020, SPAIN
SN 0870-8312
J9 CIENC TECNOL MATER
JI Cienc. Mater. Tecnol.
PD MAY-AUG
PY 2017
VL 29
IS 2
BP 73
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.ctmat.2017.03.002
PG 6
GA FL0ZD
UT WOS:000413941100011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Peyre, P
Dal, M
Pouzet, S
Castelnau, O
AF Peyre, Patrice
Dal, Morgan
Pouzet, Sebastien
Castelnau, Olivier
TI Simplified numerical model for the laser metal deposition additive
manufacturing process
SO JOURNAL OF LASER APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE LMD; Laser; modeling; titanium; additive manufacturing
ID MELT POOL; TI-6AL-4V
AB The laser metal deposition (LMD) laser technique is a free-form metal deposition
process, which allows generating near net-shape structures through the interaction
of a powder stream and a laser beam. A simplified numerical model was carried out
to predict layer heights together with temperature distributions induced by the
(LMD) process on a titanium alloy, and a metal matrix composite. Compared with
previously developed models, this simplified approach uses an arbitrary Lagrangian
Eulerian free surface motion directly dependent on the powder mass feed rate D-m.
Considering thin wall builds of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, numerical results
obtained with COMSOL 4.3 Multiphysics software were successfully compared with the
experimental data such as geometrical properties of manufactured walls, fast camera
molten pools measurements, and thermocouple temperature recordings in the substrate
during the manufacturing of up to 10 LMD. Even if the model did not consider
coupled hydraulic-thermal aspects, it provides a more realistic local geometrical
description of additive layer manufacturing walls than simpler thermal models, with
much shorter calculation times than more sophisticated approaches considering
thermocapillary fluid flow. In a second step, microstructures (equiaxed or
columnar) were predicted on Ti-6Al-4V walls using microstructural map available in
the literature, and local thermal gradients G (K/m) and solidification rate R (m/s)
provided by the FE calculation near the solidification front. (C) 2017 Laser
Institute of America.
C1 [Peyre, Patrice; Dal, Morgan; Pouzet, Sebastien; Castelnau, Olivier] CNRS, CNAM,
UMR Arts & Metiers 8006, PIMM Lab, 151 Bd Hop, F-75013 Paris, France.
RP Peyre, P (reprint author), CNRS, CNAM, UMR Arts & Metiers 8006, PIMM Lab, 151 Bd
Hop, F-75013 Paris, France.
OI Castelnau, Olivier/0000-0001-7422-294X
CR Fathi A, 2006, J PHYS D APPL PHYS, V39, P2613, DOI 10.1088/0022-3727/39/12/022
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.015
Gosh S., 2006, J HEAT TRANSFER, V128, P662
Han L, 2005, J LASER APPL, V17, P89, DOI 10.2351/1.1848523
Huang YL, 2006, J LASER APPL, V18, P42, DOI 10.2351/1.2164476
0136(02)00865-8
Mirzade FK, 2013, PHYSICA B, V423, P69, DOI 10.1016/j.physb.2013.04.053
Morville S., 2012, THESIS
Morville S, 2012, J LASER APPL, V24, DOI 10.2351/1.4726445
3727/37/14/003
Pouzet S., 2015, P ICALEO C
Qi H, 2006, J APPL PHYS, V100, DOI 10.1063/1.2209807
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NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PI MELVILLE
SN 1042-346X
EI 1938-1387
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 29
IS 2
AR UNSP 022304
DI 10.2351/1.4983251
PG 7
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Optics; Physics
GA FA5HZ
UT WOS:000405475100021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Scheitler, C
Hentschel, O
Krebs, T
Nagulin, KY
Schmidt, M
AF Scheitler, Christian
Hentschel, Oliver
Krebs, Thomas
Nagulin, Konstantin Yu.
Schmidt, Michael
TI Laser metal deposition of NiTi shape memory alloy on Ti sheet metal:
Influence of preheating on dissimilar build-up
LA English
DT Article
DE laser metal deposition; additive manufacturing; shape memory alloy;
influence of substrate preheating; dissimilar build-up
AB Lightweight and functional integration are two major drivers for additive
manufacturing technologies. In order to integrate functionality, the use of smart
materials like Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) is a constructive
approach. Generally, shape memory alloys are hard to machine and at the same time
expensive materials. In this context, additive manufacturing processes like laser
metal deposition are reasonable technologies to process these materials as the used
powder can be recycled and near net shape geometry can be generated due to a layer-
by-layer build-up process. For actuator applications, it might be reasonable to use
hybrid systems, meaning just certain sections of a part are made of a shape memory
material. One possible example is a NiTi shape memory element on a Ti sheet metal.
Due to the varying coefficients of thermal expansion, a dissimilar build-up by
means of laser metal deposition without any defects like cracks is challenging. In
this paper, an approach that applies preheating is presented to generate SMA
elements additively on dissimilar substrates by means of laser metal deposition.
Subject of investigations are varying process parameter combinations (e.g., laser
power, feed rate, and powder mass flow) and varying preheating temperatures. Based
on metallographic analyses, the generated samples are evaluated. Major objective of
these analyses are a defect free connection. Additionally, the forming
microstructure and the occurring dilution zone are analyzed. In order to
characterize the influence of different preheating strategies on the hardness and
on the transformations temperatures of the generated parts, the results of hardness
measurements and differential scanning calorimetry measurements are presented. (C)
2017 Laser Institute of America.
C1 [Scheitler, Christian; Hentschel, Oliver; Krebs, Thomas; Schmidt, Michael]
Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Photon Technol, Konrad Zuse Str 3-
5, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany.
[Scheitler, Christian; Hentschel, Oliver; Schmidt, Michael] Friedrich Alexander
Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technol SAOT, D-91052 Erlangen,
Germany.
[Nagulin, Konstantin Yu.] Kazan Natl Res Tech Univ, Karl Marx St 10, Kazan
420111, Russia.
RP Scheitler, C (reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst
Photon Technol, Konrad Zuse Str 3-5, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany.; Scheitler, C
(reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv
Opt Technol SAOT, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany.
EM christian.scheitler@lpt.uni-erlangen.de
FU Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) by the
German Research Foundation (DFG) in the framework of the German
excellence initiative; AiF research project "GenNiTiF" by the Federal
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy; Ministry of Education and
Science of the Russian Federation [14.Z50.31.0023, N220]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the Erlangen Graduate
School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT) by the German Research
Foundation (DFG) in the framework of the German excellence initiative
and funding of the AiF research project "GenNiTiF" by the Federal
Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy. Additionally, the authors thank
Scheuermann+Heilig GmbH for collaborating within the AiF research
project GenNiTiF and the Institute of Manufacturing Technologies, in
particular Mrs. Prof. M. Merklein and Mr. D. Junker, for performing the
compression tests. Additionally, the work is performed with the partial
support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian
Federation, decree N220, state Contract No. 14.Z50.31.0023.
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10.1179/1743284715Y.0000000073
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PI MELVILLE
SN 1042-346X
EI 1938-1387
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 29
IS 2
AR UNSP 022309
DI 10.2351/1.4983246
PG 9
GA FA5HZ
UT WOS:000405475100026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kang, JW
Ma, QX
AF Kang, Jin-wu
Ma, Qiang-xian
TI The role and impact of 3D printing technologies in casting
SO CHINA FOUNDRY
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printing; additive manufacturing; rapid casting; casting; mould;
core; design
ID SELECTIVE LASER; SAND; PARTS; PROTOTYPES; DEPOSITION; MOLDS
AB 3D printing is such a magical technology that it extends into almost every
sector relating to manufacturing, not to mention casting production. In this paper,
the past, present and future of 3D printing in the foundry sector are profoundly
reviewed. 3D printing has the potential to supplement or partially replace the
casting method. Today, some castings can be directly printed by metal powders, for
example, titanium alloys, nickel alloys and steel parts. Meanwhile, 3D printing has
found an unique position in other casting aspects as well, such as printing the wax
pattern, ceramic shell, sand core, sand mould, etc. Most importantly, 3D printing
is not just a manufacturing method, it will also revolutionize the design of
products, assemblies and parts, such as castings, patterns, cores, moulds and
shells in casting production. The solid structure of castings and moulds will be
redesigned in future into truss or spatially open and skeleton structures. This
kind of revolution is just sprouting, but it will bring unimaginable impact on
manufacturing including casting production. Nobody doubts the potential of 3D
printing technologies in manufacturing, but they do have limitations and drawbacks.
C1 [Kang, Jin-wu] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Adv Mat Proc Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
[Ma, Qiang-xian] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Kang, JW (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Adv Mat Proc Technol, Sch Mat
Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM kangjw@tsinghua.edu.cn
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NR 75
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 29
U2 32
PU FOUNDRY JOURNAL AGENCY
PI SHENYANG
PA 17 YUNFENG SOUTH STR, TIEXI DISTRICT, SHENYANG, 110022, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1672-6421
J9 CHINA FOUNDRY
JI China Foundry
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 14
IS 3
BP 157
EP 168
DI 10.1007/s41230-017-6109-z
PG 12
GA EX9LF
UT WOS:000403578900001
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ramakrishnaiah, R
Al Kheraif, AA
Mohammad, A
Divakar, DD
Kotha, SB
Celur, SL
Hashem, MI
Vallittu, PK
Rehman, IU
AF Ramakrishnaiah, Ravikumar
Al Kheraif, Abdulaziz Abdullah
Mohammad, Ashfaq
Divakar, Darshan Devang
Kotha, Sunil Babu
Celur, Sree Lalita
Hashem, Mohamed I.
Vallittu, Pekka K.
Rehman, Ihtesham Ur
TI Preliminary fabrication and characterization of electron beam melted
Ti-6Al-4V customized dental implant
SO SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; Electron beam melting; Additive manufacturing technology;
Dental implant
ID PARTIAL DENTURE FRAMEWORKS; RAPID MANUFACTURE; MELTING(R) EBM; TITANIUM;
LASER; WETTABILITY; POROSITY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGIES; TI6AL4V
AB The current study was aimed to fabricate customized root form dental implant
using additive manufacturing technique for the replacement of missing teeth. The
root form dental implant was designed using Geomagic (TM) and Magics (TM), the
designed implant was directly manufactured by layering technique using ARCAM A2
(TM) electron beam melting system by employing medical grade Ti- 6Al-4V alloy
powder. Furthermore, the fabricated implant was characterized in terms of certain
clinically important parameters such as surface microstructure, surface topography,
chemical purity and internal porosity. Results confirmed that, fabrication of
customized dental implants using additive rapid manufacturing technology offers an
attractive method to produce extremely pure form of customized titanium dental
implants, the rough and porous surface texture obtained is expected to provide
better initial implant stabilization and superior osseointegration. (C) 2016 The
Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.
C1 [Ramakrishnaiah, Ravikumar; Al Kheraif, Abdulaziz Abdullah; Divakar, Darshan
Devang; Hashem, Mohamed I.] King Saud Univ, Coll Appl Med Sci, Dept Dent Hlth, Dent
Biomat Res Chair, POB 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
[Mohammad, Ashfaq] King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Adv Mfg Inst, FARCAMT, Riyadh
11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Kotha, Sunil Babu] Riyadh Coll Dent, Dept Pediat Dent, Riyadh 11681, Saudi
Arabia.
[Kotha, Sunil Babu] Riyadh Coll Pharm, Dept Pediat Dent, Riyadh 11681, Saudi
Arabia.
[Celur, Sree Lalita] Princess Noura Bint Abdulrahman Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Oral
& Maxillofacial Surg, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
[Vallittu, Pekka K.] Univ Turku, Inst Dent, Dept Biomat Sci, Turku, Finland.
[Vallittu, Pekka K.] Univ Turku, Inst Dent, Turku Clin Biomat Ctr, Turku,
Finland.
[Vallittu, Pekka K.] Univ Turku, Inst Dent, Biomat Sci, Turku, Finland.
[Rehman, Ihtesham Ur] Univ Sheffield, Kroto Res Inst, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Sheffield S3 7HQ, S Yorkshire, England.
RP Ramakrishnaiah, R (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Coll Appl Med Sci, Dept Dent
Hlth, Dent Biomat Res Chair, POB 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
EM rramakrishnaiah@ksu.edu.sa
FU Vice Deanship of Research Chairs, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
FX The project was financially supported by Vice Deanship of Research
Chairs, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Authors
thank Mr. Mohamed A. Elsharawy for laboratory and technical assistance.
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NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1319-562X
J9 SAUDI J BIOL SCI
JI Saudi J. Biol. Sci.
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 4
BP 787
EP 796
DI 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.05.001
PG 10
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA EW4MR
UT WOS:000402476100005
PM 28490947
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lin, JJ
Lv, YH
Liu, YX
Sun, Z
Wang, KB
Li, ZG
Wu, YX
Xu, BS
AF Lin, Jianjun
Lv, Yaohui
Liu, Yuxin
Sun, Zhe
Wang, Kaibo
Li, Zhuguo
Wu, Yixiong
Xu, Binshi
TI Microstructural evolution and mechanical property of Ti-6Al-4V wall
deposited by continuous plasma arc additive manufacturing without post
heat treatment
LA English
DT Article
DE Microstructural evolution; Mechanical properties; Ti-6Al-4V alloy;
Continuous plasma arc additive manufacturing
ID DIRECT LASER DEPOSITION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; WIRE; COMPONENTS; MORPHOLOGY;
BEHAVIOR; PHASE
AB Plasma arc additive manufacturing (PAM) is a novel additive manufacturing (AM)
technology due to its big potential in improving efficiency, convenience and being
cost-savings compared to other AM processes of high energy bea\m. In this research,
several Ti-6Al-4V thin walls were deposited by optimized weld wire-feed continuous
PAM process (CPAM), in which the heat input was gradually decreased layer by layer.
The deposited thin wall consisted of various morphologies, which includes epitaxial
growth of prior beta grains, horizontal layer bands, martensite and basket weave
microstructure, that depends on the heat input, multiple thermal cycles and gradual
cooling rate in the deposition process. By gradually reducing heat input of each
bead and using continuous current in the PAM process, the average yield strength
(YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation reach about 877 MPa, 968 MPa
and 1.5%, respectively, which exceed the standard level of forging. The mechanical
property was strengthened and toughened due to weakening the aspect ratio of prior
beta grains and separating nano-dispersoids among a lamellar. Furthermore, this
research demonstrates that the CPAM process has a potential to manufacture or
remanufacture in AM components of metallic biomaterials without post-processing
heat treatment.
C1 [Lin, Jianjun; Li, Zhuguo; Wu, Yixiong; Xu, Binshi] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ,
Shanghai Key Lab Mat Laser Proc & Modificat, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Lin, Jianjun; Lv, Yaohui; Liu, Yuxin; Sun, Zhe; Wang, Kaibo; Xu, Binshi] Acad
Armored Forces Engn, Natl Key Lab Remfg, Beijing 100072, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, JJ (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Mat Laser
Proc & Modificat, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM jianjunin@outlook.com
FU Military Plan Projects of China [613213]
FX The research is performed with financial assistance from the Military
Plan Projects of China, No. 613213.
5093(97)00802-2
Aiyiti W, 2006, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V12, P165, DOI 10.1108/13552540610670744
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[Anonymous], 2013, B38113 ASTM INT
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
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x
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10.1016/j.addma.2016.02.003
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NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 25
U2 56
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 69
BP 19
EP 29
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.12.015
PG 11
GA ET3SK
UT WOS:000400199600002
PM 28033532
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Fousova, M
Vojtech, D
Kubasek, J
Jablonska, E
Fojt, J
AF Fousova, Michaela
Vojtech, Dalibor
Kubasek, Jiri
Jablonska, Eva
Fojt, Jaroslav
TI Promising characteristics of gradient porosity Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared
by SLM process
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; Selective laser melting (SLM); Gradient porosity; Implant;
Mechanical properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; POROUS BIOMATERIALS;
TI6AL4V IMPLANTS; BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION;
MANUFACTURE; FABRICATION
AB Porous structures, manufactured of a biocompatible metal, mimicking human bone
structure are the future of orthopedic implantology. Fully porous materials,
however, suffer from certain drawbacks. To overcome these, gradient in structure
can be prepared. With gradient in porosity mechanical properties can be optimized
to an appropriate value, implant can be attributed a similar gradient
macrostructure as bone, tissue adhesion may be promoted and also various
modification with organic or inorganic substances are possible. In this study,
additive technology selective laser melting (SLM) was used to produce three types
of gradient porosity model specimens of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. As this
technology has the potential to prepare complex structures in the near-net form, to
control porosity, pore size and shape, it represents a promising option. The first
part of the research work was focused on the characterization of the material
itself in the as-produced state, only with heat treatment applied. The second part
dealt with the influence of porosity on mechanical properties. The study has shown
SLM brings significant changes in the surface chemistry. Despite this finding,
titanium alloy retained its cytocompatibility, as it was outlined by in vitro tests
with U-2 OS cells. With introduced porosity yield strength, ultimate strength and
stiffness showed linear decrease, both in tension and compression. With respect to
the future use in the form of orthopedic implant, especially reduction in Young's
modulus down to the human bone value (30.5 +/- 2 GPa) is very appreciated as the
stress-shielding effect followed by possible implant loosening is limited.
C1 [Fousova, Michaela; Vojtech, Dalibor; Kubasek, Jiri; Fojt, Jaroslav] Univ Chem &
Technol Prague, Dept Met & Corros Engn, Tech 5, Prague 16628 6, Czech Republic.
[Jablonska, Eva] Univ Chem & Technol Prague, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Tech 5,
Prague 16628 6, Czech Republic.
RP Fousova, M (reprint author), Univ Chem & Technol Prague, Dept Met & Corros Engn,
Tech 5, Prague 16628 6, Czech Republic.
EM fousovam@vscht.cz
RI Kubasek, Jiri/N-4341-2017
OI Kubasek, Jiri/0000-0001-6008-0127
FU Czech Science Foundation [P108/12/G043]
FX Authors wish to thank the Czech Science Foundation (project no.
P108/12/G043) for the financial support of this research. Big
acknowledgement also belongs to company Prospon, spol. s.r.o., Kladno,
Czech Republic, for the preparation of the tested material on
ConceptLaser machine.
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.011
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1
Wang Y, 2010, MATER LETT, V64, P674, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2009.12.035
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 31
U2 98
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 69
BP 368
EP 376
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.01.043
PG 9
GA ET3SK
UT WOS:000400199600040
PM 28167428
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, XP
Ji, G
Chen, Z
Addad, A
Wu, Y
Wang, HW
Vleugels, J
Van Humbeeck, J
Kruth, JP
AF Li, X. P.
Ji, G.
Chen, Z.
Addad, A.
Wu, Y.
Wang, H. W.
Vleugels, J.
Van Humbeeck, J.
Kruth, J. P.
TI Selective laser melting of nano-TiB2 decorated AlSi10Mg alloy with high
fracture strength and ductility
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Aluminium alloys; Metal
matrix composites; Mechanical properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE DUCTILITY; AL-12SI ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE
EVOLUTION; MATRIX COMPOSITES; METALLIC GLASSES; FABRICATION; ALUMINUM;
TITANIUM; POWDER
AB An in-situ nano-TiB2 decorated AlSi10Mg composite (NTD-Al) powder was fabricated
by gas-atomisation for selective laser melting (SLM). Fully dense and crack-free
NTD-Al samples were produced using SLM. In contrast to the NTD-Al powder without
cell-like microstructure, the SLMed NTD-Al had a textureless microstructure,
consisting of fine grains and cells, with well dispersed nano-TiB2 particles inside
the grains and rod-like nano-Si precipitates inside the cells. Both nano-TiB2
particles and nano-Si precipitates exhibited a highly coherent interface with the
Al matrix, indicative of a strong interfacial bonding. The formation of this
microstructure was attributed to the sequential solidification of non-equilibrium
and eutectic Al-Si upon rapid cooling during SLM. As a result, the SLMed NTD-Al
showed a very high ultimate tensile strength similar to 530 MPa, excellent
ductility similar to 15.5% and high microhardness similar to 191 HV0.3, which were
higher than most conventionally fabricated wrought and tempered Al alloys,
previously SLMed Al-Si alloys and nano-grained 7075 Al. The underlying mechanisms
for this strength and ductility enhancement were discussed and a correlation
between this novel microstructure and the superior mechanical properties was
established. This study provides new and deep insights into the fabrication of
metal matrix nanocomposites by SLM from in-situ pre-decorated composite powder. (C)
2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, X. P.; Kruth, J. P.] Univ Leuven, KU Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, B-3001 Leuven,
Belgium.
[Ji, G.; Addad, A.] Univ Lille 1, CNRS, UMR 8207, Unite Mat & Transformat, F-
59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France.
[Chen, Z.; Wu, Y.; Wang, H. W.] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met
Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Vleugels, J.; Van Humbeeck, J.] Univ Leuven, KU Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, B-3001
Leuven, Belgium.
RP Li, XP; Kruth, JP (reprint author), Univ Leuven, KU Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, B-
3001 Leuven, Belgium.; Chen, Z (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key
Lab Met Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM xiaopeng.li@kuleuven.be; zhe.chen@sjtu.edu.cn
RI Vleugels, Jozef/C-8262-2017
OI Vleugels, Jozef/0000-0003-4432-4675
FU Flemish Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) Strategic
Basic Research (SBO) project "MultiMet"; Conseil Regional du Nord-Pas de
Calais; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51201099]
FX This work was supported by the Flemish Agency for Innovation by Science
and Technology (IWT) Strategic Basic Research (SBO) project "MultiMet".
The TEM facility in Lille, France, is supported by the Conseil Regional
du Nord-Pas de Calais and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).
The authors are grateful for the project supported by the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51201099). The authors
would like to thank Prof. Christopher Hutchinson from Monash University
for valuable discussion on microstructure and mechanical properties. The
authors would also like to thank Dr. Wouter Baekelant from Department of
Chemistry, KU Leuven for powder laser absorptivity measurement.
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[Anonymous], 1991, ASM HDB, V2
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 64
U2 108
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAY 1
PY 2017
VL 129
BP 183
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.02.062
PG 11
Engineering
GA ET1MQ
UT WOS:000400033900018
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, J
Xiong, W
Behera, A
Thompson, S
To, AC
AF Liu, Jian
Xiong, Wei
Behera, Amit
Thompson, Sean
To, Albert C.
TI Mean-field polycrystal plasticity modeling with grain size and shape
effects for laser additive manufactured FCC metals
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE microstructures; crystal plasticity; anisotropic material; constitutive
behaviour; finite elements
ID LOCALIZED DEFORMATION; TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT; SINGLE-CRYSTALS;
ALUMINUM-ALLOY; STRAIN; SIMULATIONS; DEPENDENCE; ANISOTROPY; TITANIUM;
BEHAVIOR
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) (also called 3D printing) process has the unique
ability to produce very different microstructural features and mechanical
properties in metals using the same feedstock material but different process
parameters. A common microstructural feature of AM parts is elongated grains along
the build direction with a strong crystallographic texture. The goal of this paper
is to establish a modeling tool capable of predicting mechanical properties
(strength and anisotropy) from the microstructure features (texture, grain size,
shape) of AM metals. To achieve this goal, the effect of grain size and shape was
incorporated into the mean field polycrystal plasticity modeling framework. Three
case studies were performed on general FCC metals with three different ideal
microstructures to demonstrate the coupled effect of grain size, shape and texture
in the proposed polycrystal plasticity model. Finally, model validation and
parameter calibration were performed for AM AlSi10Mg printed using the EOS DMLS
(direct metal laser sintering) system. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Jian; Xiong, Wei; To, Albert C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat
Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
[Xiong, Wei; Behera, Amit] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL
60208 USA.
[Thompson, Sean] Army Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805
USA.
RP To, AC (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Pittsburgh,
PA 15261 USA.
EM albertto@pitt.edu
OI Xiong, Wei/0000-0002-3825-1679
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1434077]
FX Financial support from National Science Foundation (CMMI-1434077) is
gratefully acknowledged.
CR Alankar A, 2014, INT J PLASTICITY, V52, P18, DOI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2013.03.006
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NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 17
PI OXFORD
SN 0020-7683
EI 1879-2146
J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT
JI Int. J. Solids Struct.
PD MAY 1
PY 2017
VL 112
BP 35
EP 42
DI 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2017.02.024
PG 8
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA ES9AE
UT WOS:000399847500004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, P
Chandran, K
AF Kumar, P.
Chandran, K. S. Ravi
TI Strength-Ductility Property Maps of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Ti-6Al-4V
Alloy: A Critical Review of Processing-Structure-Property Relationships
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA+BETA TITANIUM-ALLOYS; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION HSPT;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; FATIGUE PROPERTIES;
MICROSTRUCTURAL REFINEMENT; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
BORON ADDITION; BEHAVIOR
AB A comprehensive assessment of tensile properties of powder metallurgical (PM)
processed Ti-6Al-4V alloy, through the mapping of strength-ductility property
domains, is performed in this review. Tensile property data of PM Ti-6Al-4V alloys
made from blended element (BE) and pre-alloyed powders including that additive
manufactured (AM) from powders, as well as that made using titanium hydride
powders, have been mapped in the form of strength-ductility domains. Based on this,
porosity and microstructure have been identified as the dominant variables
controlling both the strength and the tensile ductility of the final consolidated
materials. The major finding is that tensile ductility of the PM titanium is most
sensitive to the presence of pores. The significance of extreme-sized pores or
defects in inducing large variations in ductility is emphasized. The tensile
strength, however, has been found to depend only weakly on the porosity. The effect
of microstructure on properties is masked by the variations in porosity and to some
extent by the oxygen level. It is shown that any meaningful comparison of the
microstructure can only be made under a constant porosity or density level. The
beneficial effect of a refined microstructure is also brought out by logically
organizing the data in terms of microstructure groups. The advantages of new
processes, using titanium hydride powder to produce PM titanium alloys, in
simultaneously increasing strength and ductility, are also highlighted. The tensile
properties of AM Ti-6Al-4V alloys are also brought to light, in comparison with the
other PM and wrought alloys, through the strength-ductility maps.
C1 [Kumar, P.; Chandran, K. S. Ravi] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT
84112 USA.
RP Chandran, K (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
USA.
EM ravi.chandran@utah.edu
FU US Department of Energy, Innovative Manufacturing Initiative through the
Advanced Manufacturing Office [DEEE0005761]; US Department of Energy,
Innovative Manufacturing Initiative through the Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy [DEEE0005761]
FX The authors thankfully acknowledge the financial support from the US
Department of Energy, Innovative Manufacturing Initiative (DEEE0005761),
through the Advanced Manufacturing Office and the Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
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NR 156
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 48A
IS 5
BP 2301
EP 2319
DI 10.1007/s11661-017-4009-x
PG 19
Engineering
GA ER8RI
UT WOS:000399089300022
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yadollahi, A
Shamsaei, N
AF Yadollahi, Aref
Shamsaei, Nima
TI Additive manufacturing of fatigue resistant materials: Challenges and
opportunities
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing (AM); Fatigue; Microstructure-property;
Multiaxial loading; Review
ID LASER-DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; INCONEL 718 SUPERALLOY; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL;
HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HEAT-TREATMENT;
FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; PERFORMANCE; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB This overview focuses on the current state of knowledge pertaining to the
mechanical characteristics of metallic parts fabricated via additive manufacturing
(AM), as well as the ongoing challenges and imminent opportunities in fabricating
materials with increased fatigue resistance. Current experimental evidence suggests
that the mechanical properties of laboratory AM specimens may not be representative
of those associated with parts, due primarily to differences in geometry/size which
influence the thermal histories experienced during fabrication, and consequently,
microstructural features, surface roughness, and more. In addition, standards for
mechanical testing methods, specimen design procedures, post manufacturing
treatments, etc., may need to be revised for AM parts. Standardizing the AM process
may only be accomplished by strengthening the current understanding of the
relationships among process parameters, thermal history, solidification, resultant
microstructure, and mechanical behavior of the part. Having the ability to predict
variations in mechanical behavior based on resultant microstructure, or matching
the best conceivable properties of a part in accordance with the loading critical
plane, are some possible solutions for making AM a more reliable means for
producing functional parts. Developing microstructure-property models is arguably
the first necessary step toward design optimization and the more efficient,
accurate estimation of the structural integrity of AM parts. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Yadollahi, Aref] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS
39762 USA.
[Yadollahi, Aref] Mississippi State Univ, CAVS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Shamsaei, Nima] Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Fatigue & Addit Mfg Excellence
FAME, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Shamsaei, N (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lab Fatigue & Addit
Mfg Excellence FAME, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM shamsaei@auburn.edu
FU National Science Foundation [1657195]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 1657195.
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NR 82
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 73
U2 106
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD MAY
PY 2017
VL 98
BP 14
EP 31
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.01.001
PG 18
GA EQ3XU
UT WOS:000398008100002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Didier, P
Piotrowski, B
Fischer, M
Laheurte, P
AF Didier, P.
Piotrowski, B.
Fischer, M.
Laheurte, P.
TI Mechanical stability of custom-made implants: Numerical study of
anatomical device and low elastic Young's modulus alloy
LA English
DT Review
DE Finite element modeling; Custom-made device.; Low modulus Beta-titanium
alloy; Stress shielding; SLM additive manufacturing
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; TITANIUM IMPLANTS; HIP-PROSTHESIS; BONE;
NIOBIUM; STRESS; TI; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; BEHAVIOR
AB The advent of new manufacturing technologies such as additive manufacturing
deeply impacts the approach for the design of medical devices. It is now possible
to design custom-made implants based on medical imaging, with complex anatomic
shape, and to manufacture them.
In this study, two geometrical configurations of implant devices are studied,
standard and anatomical. The comparison highlights the drawbacks of the standard
configuration, which requires specific forming by plastic strain in order to be
adapted to the patient's morphology and induces stress field in bones without
mechanical load in the implant.
The influence of low elastic modulus of the materials on stress distribution is
investigated. Two biocompatible alloys having the ability to be used with SLM
additive manufacturing are considered, commercial Ti-6A1-4V and Ti26Nb. It is shown
that beyond the geometrical aspect, mechanical compatibility between implants and
bones can be significantly improved with the modulus of Ti-26Nb implants compared
with the Ti-6AI-4V. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Didier, P.; Piotrowski, B.; Fischer, M.; Laheurte, P.] Univ Lorraine, CNRS, Lab
Etud Microstruct & Mecan Mat, LEM3,UMR 7239, Arts & Metiers ParisTech Campus Metz,
F-57078 Metz 01, France.
RP Didier, P (reprint author), Univ Lorraine, CNRS, Lab Etud Microstruct & Mecan
Mat, LEM3,UMR 7239, Arts & Metiers ParisTech Campus Metz, F-57078 Metz 01, France.
EM paul.didier@univ-lorraine.fr
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NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 33
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0928-4931
EI 1873-0191
PD MAY 1
PY 2017
VL 74
BP 399
EP 409
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.031
PG 11
GA EP4NJ
UT WOS:000397356900046
PM 28254310
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, J
Franco, B
Tapia, G
Karayagiz, K
Johnson, L
Liu, J
Arroyave, R
Karaman, I
Elwany, A
AF Ma, Ji
Franco, Brian
Tapia, Gustavo
Karayagiz, Kubra
Johnson, Luke
Liu, Jun
Arroyave, Raymundo
Karaman, Ibrahim
Elwany, Alaa
TI Spatial Control of Functional Response in 4D-Printed Active Metallic
Structures
LA English
DT Article
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; NICKEL-TITANIUM; NITI;
PARAMETERS
AB We demonstrate a method to achieve local control of 3-dimensional thermal
history in a metallic alloy, which resulted in designed spatial variations in its
functional response. A nickel-titanium shape memory alloy part was created with
multiple shape-recovery stages activated at different temperatures using the
selective laser melting technique. The multi-stage transformation originates from
differences in thermal history, and thus the precipitate structure, at various
locations created from controlled variations in the hatch distance within the same
part. This is a first example of precision location-dependent control of thermal
history in alloys beyond the surface, and utilizes additive manufacturing
techniques as a tool to create materials with novel functional response that is
difficult to achieve through conventional methods.
C1 [Ma, Ji; Franco, Brian; Karayagiz, Kubra; Johnson, Luke; Liu, Jun; Arroyave,
Raymundo; Karaman, Ibrahim] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX
77843 USA.
[Tapia, Gustavo; Elwany, Alaa] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, College
Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Ma, J (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX
77843 USA.
EM jm@tamu.edu
FU NASA [NNX15AD71G]; National Science Foundation [NSF-DGE 1545403]; Texas
A&M Engineering Experiment Station Seed Grant on Materials Informatics
FX The authors acknowledge the support of NASA through grant NNX15AD71G. LJ
and RA wish to acknowledge the support of the National Science
Foundation through award NSF-DGE 1545403 (NRT-DESE: Data-Enabled
Discovery and Design of Energy Materials). RA and IK also acknowledge
the support of Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Seed Grant on
Materials Informatics.
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NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 21
U2 48
PI LONDON
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD APR 21
PY 2017
VL 7
AR 46707
DI 10.1038/srep46707
PG 8
GA ET0TY
UT WOS:000399978100002
PM 28429796
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bobbert, FSL
Lietaert, K
Eftekhari, AA
Pouran, B
Ahmadi, SM
Weinans, H
Zadpoor, AA
AF Bobbert, F. S. L.
Lietaert, K.
Eftekhari, A. A.
Pouran, B.
Ahmadi, S. M.
Weinans, H.
Zadpoor, A. A.
TI Additively manufactured metallic porous biomaterials based on minimal
surfaces: A unique combination of topological, mechanical, and mass
transport properties
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Porous biomaterials; Selective laser melting; Ti-6Al-4V; Bone
regeneration; Implant fixation
ID TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS; TRABECULAR BONE; CANCELLOUS BONE;
FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; ELASTIC-MODULI; PROXIMAL FEMUR;
IMAGE-ANALYSIS; ANATOMIC SITE; UNIT CELLS
AB Porous biomaterials that simultaneously mimic the topological, mechanical, and
mass transport properties of bone are in great demand but are rarely found in the
literature. In this study, we rationally designed and additively manufactured (AM)
porous metallic biomaterials based on four different types of triply periodic
minimal surfaces (TPMS) that mimic the properties of bone to an unprecedented level
of multi-physics detail. Sixteen different types of porous biomaterials were
rationally designed and fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM) from a
titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). The topology, quasi-static mechanical properties,
fatigue resistance, and permeability of the developed biomaterials were then
characterized. In terms of topology, the biomaterials resembled the morphological
properties of trabecular bone including mean surface curvatures close to zero. The
biomaterials showed a favorable but rare combination of relatively low elastic
properties in the range of those observed for trabecular bone and high yield
strengths exceeding those reported for cortical bone. This combination allows for
simultaneously avoiding stress shielding, while providing ample mechanical support
for bone tissue regeneration and osseointegration. Furthermore, as opposed to other
AM porous biomaterials developed to date for which the fatigue endurance limit has
been found to be of their yield (or plateau) stress, some of the biomaterials
developed in the current study show extremely high fatigue resistance with
endurance limits up to 60% of their yield stress. It was also found that the
permeability values measured for the developed biomaterials were in the range of
values reported for trabecular bone. In summary, the developed porous metallic
biomaterials based on TPMS mimic the topological, mechanical, and physical
properties of trabecular bone to a great degree. These properties make them
potential candidates to be applied as parts of orthopedic implants and/or as bone-
substituting biomaterials.
Statement of Significance
Bone-substituting biomaterials aim to mimic bone properties. Although mimicking
some of bone properties is feasible, biomaterials that could simultaneously mimic
all or most of the relevant bone properties are rare. We used rational design and
additive manufacturing to develop porous metallic biomaterials that exhibit an
interesting combination of topological, mechanical, and mass transport properties.
The topology of the developed biomaterials resembles that of trabecular bone
including a mean curvature close to zero. Moreover, the developed biomaterials show
an unusual combination of low elastic modulus to avoid stress shielding and high
strength to provide mechanical support. The fatigue resistance of the developed
biomaterials is also exceptionally high, while their permeability is in the range
of values reported for bone. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier
C1 [Bobbert, F. S. L.; Pouran, B.; Ahmadi, S. M.; Weinans, H.; Zadpoor, A. A.]
Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
[Lietaert, K.] 3D Syst LayerWise NV, Grauwmeer 14, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Lietaert, K.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Kasteelpk Arenberg 44, B-
3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Eftekhari, A. A.] Tech Univ Denmark, Danish Hydrocarbon Res & Technol Ctr,
Electrovej Bldg 375, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Pouran, B.; Weinans, H.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Orthoped,
Heidelberglaan100, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Pouran, B.; Weinans, H.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Rheumatol,
Heidelberglaan100, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Bobbert, FSL (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg
2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM f.s.l.bobbert@tudelft.nl
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TC 9
Z9 9
U1 24
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1742-7061
EI 1878-7568
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD APR 15
PY 2017
VL 53
BP 572
EP 584
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.024
PG 13
GA EV3SJ
UT WOS:000401679100050
PM 28213101
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, Z
Chen, J
Lu, XF
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huanh, WD
AF Zhao, Zhuang
Chen, Jing
Lu, Xufei
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huanh, Weidong
TI Formation mechanism of the a variant and its influence on the tensile
properties of laser solid formed Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Microstructure characterization; alpha variant; Tensile properties;
Laser solid forming; Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy
ID ADDITIVE LAYER MANUFACTURE; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR;
DEPOSITION; TEXTURE; SELECTION; ALPHA; MARTENSITE; NUCLEATION;
COMPONENTS
AB Laser solid forming (LSF) is a newly developed additive manufacturing which
offers a less material waste and reduction in lead-time for fabricating aerospace
titanium alloys components. In this paper, two types of block with different build
dimension (section geometries) were fabricated by LSF with same processing
parameters. The corresponding microstructure, texture, and tensile properties were
investigated systematically. The results show that the samples exhibits similar
columnar beta grains morphology and (100) fiber texture, but very different a
variant characterizations (morphology and texture) due to the different thermal
history they experienced respectively. The fine basket-weave microstructure with
weak texture can be obtained under the fast cooling conditions, while the colony
microstructure shows a strong transformation texture as a result of variant
selection in the relative slow cooling rate. The a characterizations depend
strongly on the competition growth mechanism between the alpha(GB) (grin boundary
Widmanstatten structure) and alpha(1) (intragranular alpha nuclei) during cooling
process. The presence of alpha(GB) (grain boundary alpha layers) enhances the
nucleation of certain variants in beta ->alpha phase transformation. Tensile
results reveal that fine basket-weave microstructure has relative high strength and
ductility with dimple fracture mode. The colony microstructure shows a feature of
dominant brittle fracture appearance and results in low tensile ductility.
C1 [Zhao, Zhuang; Chen, Jing; Lu, Xufei; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huanh, Weidong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Youyi Western Rd, Xian
710072, Shaan Xi, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Zhuang; Chen, Jing; Lu, Xufei; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huanh, Weidong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, Key Lab Met High Performance Addit Mfg & Innovat, MIIT
China, Youyi Western Rd, Xian 710072, Shaan Xi, Peoples R China.
Proc, Youyi Western Rd, Xian 710072, Shaan Xi, Peoples R China.
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Key Technologies R D Program [2016YFB11000100]; Research Fund
[KP201611]; Natural Science Foundation of China [51475380]
FX This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program
(grant no. 2016YFB11000100), Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory
of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China (grant no. KP201611), Natural
Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51475380).
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TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 19
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD APR 13
PY 2017
VL 691
BP 16
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.03.035
PG 9
GA ES4OO
UT WOS:000399514800003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
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Wang, HM
AF He, Bei
Tian, Xiang-Jun
Cheng, Xu
Li, Jia
Wang, Hua-Ming
TI Effect of weld repair on microstructure and mechanical properties of
laser additive manufactured Ti-55511 alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Weld repair; Gas tungsten arc welding; Laser additive manufacturing;
Titanium alloys; Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID MELTING DEPOSITED TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE; GRAIN-BOUNDARY ALPHA;
STAINLESS-STEEL; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; CORROSION PROPERTIES; DISLOCATION
PILE; METAL-DEPOSITION; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; HEAT-TREATMENT
AB Gas tungsten arc welding was used to repair the laser additive manufactured Ti-
5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe (Ti-55511) alloy with a subsequent triplex annealing treatment.
The tensile properties of heat treated specimens containing of different
proportions of weld zone were designed to evaluate the influence of weld zone on
tensile properties of the alloy. Microstructures, microhardness and tensile tests
were performed to study the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of the
specimens. Results show that dissolved oxygen in the weld zone has a strong
influence on increasing the number of alpha phase nucleation sites that can lead to
different alpha(p) morphologies in the base metal and weld zone. These different
alpha(p) can lead to distinct microstructures after triplex annealing treatment but
with similar alpha volume fractions. Besides, plasticity deterioration of the
repaired tensile specimens is mainly attributed to the formation of columnar grain
boundary alpha phases in the weld zone which are considered to be the earliest
nucleation sites of microcracks and confirmed by in situ tensile test. With the
increase of WZ proportions in the cross section of tensile specimens, the
plasticity of the alloy gradually decreases. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Li, Jia] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall
Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Engn Res Ctr Minist Educ Laser Direct Mfg
Large M, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Li, J (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit
Mfg Large Metall Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing, Peoples R China.
EM lijia@buaa.edu.cn
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NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 33
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD APR 5
PY 2017
VL 119
BP 437
EP 445
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.01.054
PG 9
GA EP4OO
UT WOS:000397360000046
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Dilip, JJS
Miyanaji, H
Lassell, A
Starr, TL
Stucker, B
AF Dilip, J. J. S.
Miyanaji, H.
Lassell, Austin
Starr, Thomas L.
Stucker, Brent
TI A novel method to fabricate TiAl intermetallic alloy 3D parts using
SO DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Binder jetting; Intermetallic; Titanium
aluminide; Reactive sintering
AB The present work explores the feasibility of fabricating porous 3D parts in TiAl
intermetallic alloy directly from Ti-6Al-4V and Al powders. This approach uses a
binder jetting additive manufacturing process followed by reactive sintering. The
results demonstrate that the present approach is successful for realizing parts in
TiAl intermetallic alloy. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is
an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
C1 [Dilip, J. J. S.; Miyanaji, H.; Lassell, Austin] Univ Louisville, Dept Ind Engn,
Rapid Prototyping Ctr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Starr, Thomas L.] Univ Louisville, Dept Chem Engn, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
[Stucker, Brent] 3DSIM, 1794 Olymp Pkwy,Suite 110, Park City, UT 84098 USA.
RP Dilip, JJS (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Dept Ind Engn, Rapid Prototyping
Ctr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
EM samueldilip@gmail.com
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NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-9147
J9 DEF TECHNOL
JI Def. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2017
VL 13
IS 2
BP 72
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.dt.2016.08.001
PG 5
SC Engineering
GA FA8TG
UT WOS:000405718400002
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Andani, MT
Saedi, S
Turabi, AS
Karamooz, MR
Haberland, C
Karaca, HE
Elahinia, M
AF Andani, Mohsen Taheri
Saedi, Soheil
Turabi, Ali Sadi
Karamooz, M. R.
Haberland, Christoph
Karaca, Haluk Ersin
Elahinia, Mohammad
TI Mechanical and shape memory properties of porous Ni50.1Ti49.9 alloys
manufactured by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Shape memory alloy; Porous implant; Stress shielding; NiTi; Additive
manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Plastic strain; Cyclic test of
NiTi
ID CELLULAR LATTICE STRUCTURES; NICKEL-TITANIUM; NITI ALLOY; BEHAVIOR;
IMPLANTS; FABRICATION; TI; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
BIOMATERIALS
AB Near equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloys were fabricated in dense and designed
porous forms by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and their mechanical and shape memory
properties were systematically characterized. Particularly, the effects of pore
morphology on their mechanical responses were investigated. Dense and porous NiTi
alloys exhibited good shape memory effect with a recoverable strain of about 5% and
functional stability after eight cycles of compression. The stiffness and residual
plastic strain of porous NiTi were found to depend highly on the pore shape and the
level of porosity. Since porous NiTi structures have lower elastic modulus and
density than dense NiTi with still good shape memory properties, they are promising
materials for lightweight structures, energy absorbers, and biomedical implants.
C1 [Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Haberland, Christoph; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo,
Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St MS 312,
Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Saedi, Soheil; Turabi, Ali Sadi; Karaca, Haluk Ersin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech
[Karamooz, M. R.] Grad Univ Adv Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kerman 7631133131,
Iran.
Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St MS 312, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM mtaheri@umich.edu; soheil.saedi@uky.edu; sadi.turabi@uky.edu;
m.karamooz@kgut.ac.ir; haberlandchristoph@gmail.com;
karacahaluk@uky.edu; mohammad.elahinia@utoledo.edu
OI Karamooz-Ravari, Mohammad Reza/0000-0002-1372-3326
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010]; TVSF
[TECG2014095]; NASA EPSCOR Program [NNX11AQ31A]
FX The authors acknowledge funding from the US State of Ohio Department of
Development through Grant WP10-010 (Nitinol Commercialization
Accelerator), TVSF Grant TECG2014095 (Ankle Foot Orthosis Using Shape
Memory Alloys) and NASA EPSCOR Program under Grant no.: NNX11AQ31A.
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NR 62
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 21
U2 32
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD APR
PY 2017
VL 68
BP 224
EP 231
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.01.047
PG 8
GA ET4DI
UT WOS:000400229100024
PM 28189977
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bobbio, LD
Otis, RA
Borgonia, JP
Dillon, RP
Shapiro, AA
Liu, ZK
Beese, AM
AF Bobbio, Lourdes D.
Otis, Richard A.
Borgonia, John Paul
Dillon, R. Peter
Shapiro, Andrew A.
Liu, Zi-Kui
Beese, Allison M.
TI Additive manufacturing of a functionally graded material from Ti-6Al-4V
to Invar: Experimental characterization and thermodynamic calculations
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Functionally graded material; Thermodynamic
modeling; Laser deposition; Microstructure
ID 304L STAINLESS-STEEL; THERMAL-EXPANSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
FABRICATION; COMPOSITES; COMPONENTS; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; METALS; ALLOYS
AB In functionally graded materials (FGMs), the elemental composition, or
structure, within a component varies gradually as a function of position, allowing
for the gradual transition from one alloy to another, and the local tailoring of
properties. One method for fabricating FGMs with varying elemental composition is
through layer-by-layer directed energy deposition additive manufacturing. This work
combines experimental characterization and computational analysis to investigate a
material graded from Ti-6Al-4V to Invar 36 (64 wt% Fe, 36 wt% Ni). The
microstructure, composition, phases, and microhardness were determined as a
function of position within the FGM. During the fabrication process, detrimental
phases associated with the compositional blending of the Ti-6Al-4V and Invar
formed, leading to cracking in the final deposited part. Intermetallic phases
(FeTi, Fe2Ti, Ni3Ti, and NiTi2) were experimentally identified to occur throughout
the gradient region, and were considered as the reason that the FGM cracked during
fabrication. CALPHAD (CALculation of PHase Diagrams) thermodynamic calculations
were used concurrently to predict phases that would form during the manufacturing
process and were compared to the experimental results. The experimental-
computational approach described herein for characterizing FGMs can be used to
improve the understanding and design of other FGMs. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc.
Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bobbio, Lourdes D.; Otis, Richard A.; Liu, Zi-Kui; Beese, Allison M.] Penn
State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Borgonia, John Paul; Dillon, R. Peter; Shapiro, Andrew A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop
Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
PA 16802 USA.
EM amb961@psu.edu
RI Liu, Zi-Kui/A-8196-2009
OI Liu, Zi-Kui/0000-0003-3346-3696; Beese, Allison/0000-0002-7022-3387;
Otis, Richard/0000-0002-1147-9032
FU NASA Space Technology Research Fellowship [NNX14AL43H]
FX Part of this work was supported by a NASA Space Technology Research
Fellowship under grant NNX14AL43H. Part of this research was carried out
at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA).
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NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 32
U2 62
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR 1
PY 2017
VL 127
BP 133
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.070
PG 10
Engineering
GA EP4PO
UT WOS:000397362600013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, JN
Craeghs, W
Jing, CN
Gong, SL
Shan, FH
AF Li, Jianing
Craeghs, Werner
Jing, Cainian
Gong, Shuili
Shan, Feihu
TI Microstructure and physical performance of laser-induction nanocrystals
modified high-entropy alloy composites on titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Nano composites; Intermetallics; Surface treatments; Powder processing;
High-entropy alloy composites
ID QUASI-CRYSTAL; ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WEAR
BEHAVIOR; COATINGS; SURFACE; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION; IRRADIATION;
RESISTANCE
AB Ultrafine nanocrystals (UNs) modified high-entropy alloy composites (HEACs) were
fabricated by laser-melted deposition (LMD) of the yttria partially stabilized ZrO2
(YPSZ) and the FeCoCrAlCu mixed powders on the aviation turbine blade made of the
additive manufacturing (AM) TC17 titanium alloy. Such HEACs exhibited the finer
microstructure free of micro-crack under an action of YPSZ, also relative stable
atomic group of UNs owned the short-range order was produced attached to such HEACs
matrix. Formation mechanisms of the AiCu(2)Zr UNs, amorphous and the nanoscale
icosahedral quasicrystals (I-phase) with five-fold symmetry in HEACs were explored
extensively by mean of the high resolution transmission electron microscope
(HRTEM); also, under the actions of these various phases, such laser-induction
HEACs exhibited the better wear performance than that of the FeCoCrAlCu LMD high-
entropy alloy. With SiB2 addition, lots of the one-dimensional nanostructure
materials (nanorods) were produced, retained UNs can be easily reunited due to a
surface effect, retarding growth of nanorods in a certain extent. This research may
provide the essential theoretical and experimental basis to improve the quality of
the laser 3D print composites. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Jianing; Jing, Cainian] Shandong jianzhu Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Jinan
[Craeghs, Werner] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Fraunhofer Inst Laser Technol ILT,
Chair Laser Technol LLT, Steinbachstr 15, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Gong, Shuili; Shan, Feihu] Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Beijing
RP Li, JN (reprint author), Fengming Rd 1000, Jinan 250101, Shandong, Peoples R
China.
EM jn2368@163.com
FX This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grant no. 51505257).
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 22
U2 60
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD MAR 5
PY 2017
VL 117
BP 363
EP 370
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.12.007
PG 8
GA EK6XG
UT WOS:000394068800041
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Song, CH
Wang, AM
Wu, ZJ
Chen, ZY
Yang, YQ
Wang, D
AF Song, Changhui
Wang, Anming
Wu, Zijun
Chen, Ziyu
Yang, Yongqiang
Wang, Di
TI The design and manufacturing of a titanium alloy beak for Grus
japonensis using additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Titanium alloy; Design
and fabrication; Beak
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRON-BEAM;
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE;
IMPLANTS; FABRICATION; TI-6AL-4V
AB In this paper, we report the design and fabrication of a titanium alloy beak for
an individual Gras japonensis bird, the second rarest crane species in the world.
The bird could not feed itself due to a broken beak We employed a detailed
geometric and structural analysis of the upper beak and used a computational design
and additive manufacturing to fabricate a suitable replacement. The combination of
fused deposition modeling (FDM) with selective laser melting (SLM) allowed a quick
response to the design requirements, fabrication and installation of the customized
titanium alloy beak Half an hour after the operation, the bird was able to feed
itself. We present an analysis that shows the complementarity of FDM and SLM and
their relevance to customized medicine. Our work provides insights into the
delivery of personalized veterinary care to animals using computational design and
additive manufacturing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All tights reserved.
C1 [Song, Changhui; Wang, Anming; Yang, Yongqiang; Wang, Di] South China Univ
Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Zijun] Leader Anim Hosipital, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Ziyu] Guangzhou YMe Adv Mat Technol Co Ltd, Guangzhou 510663, Guangdong,
Peoples R China.
RP Yang, YQ; Wang, D (reprint author), South China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot
Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM meyqyang@scut.edu.cn; scut061389@163.com
FU Instrument Research Project of the National Natural Science Foundation
of China [81327001]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51275179]; Application-oriented R & D projects of Guangdong Province
[2015B090920002]
FX This study was funded by the Instrument Research Project of the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81327001), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (No. 51275179), and the Application-oriented
R & D projects of Guangdong Province (2015B090920002)
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NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD MAR 5
PY 2017
VL 117
BP 410
EP 416
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.11.092
PG 7
GA EK6XG
UT WOS:000394068800047
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Barriobero-Vila, P
Gussone, J
Haubrich, J
Sandlobes, S
Da Silva, JC
Cloetens, P
Schell, N
Requena, G
AF Barriobero-Vila, Pere
Gussone, Joachim
Haubrich, Jan
Sandloebes, Stefanie
Da Silva, Julio Cesar
Cloetens, Peter
Schell, Norbert
Requena, Guillermo
TI Inducing Stable alpha plus beta Microstructures during Selective Laser
Melting of Ti-6Al-4V Using Intensified Intrinsic Heat Treatments
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; intrinsic heat
treatment; titanium alloys; metastable phases; phase transformations;
martensite decomposition; element partitioning; high energy synchrotron
X-ray diffraction; synchrotron holographic X-ray computed tomography
ID PHASE-TRANSFORMATION KINETICS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOY;
DIFFRACTION; MARTENSITE; TITANIUM; TEXTURE
AB Selective laser melting is a promising powder-bed-based additive manufacturing
technique for titanium alloys: near net-shaped metallic components can be produced
with high resource-efficiency and cost savings. For the most commercialized
titanium alloy, namely Ti-6Al-4V, the complicated thermal profile of selective
laser melting manufacturing (sharp cycles of steep heating and cooling rates)
usually hinders manufacturing of components in a one-step process owing to the
formation of brittle martensitic microstructures unsuitable for structural
applications. In this work, an intensified intrinsic heat treatment is applied
during selective laser melting of Ti-6Al-4V powder using a scanning strategy that
combines porosity-optimized processing with a very tight hatch distance. Extensive
martensite decomposition providing a uniform, fine lamellar alpha + beta
microstructure is obtained along the building direction. Moreover, structural
evidence of the formation of the intermetallic alpha(2)-Ti3Al phase is provided.
Variations in the lattice parameter of beta serve as an indicator of the
microstructural degree of stabilization. Interconnected 3D networks of beta are
generated in regions highly affected by the intensified intrinsic heat treatment
applied. The results obtained reflect a contribution towards simultaneous selective
laser melting-manufacturing and heat treatment for fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V parts.
C1 [Barriobero-Vila, Pere; Gussone, Joachim; Haubrich, Jan; Requena, Guillermo]
German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Mat Res, D-51147 Cologne, Germany.
[Barriobero-Vila, Pere] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Mat Sci & Technol, Karlspl 13-
308, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Sandloebes, Stefanie] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept & Chair Phys Met & Met
Phys, Kopernikusstr 14, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Da Silva, Julio Cesar; Cloetens, Peter] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, Ave
Martyrs 71, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Schell, Norbert] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Max Planck Str 1, D-21502
Geesthacht, Germany.
[Requena, Guillermo] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Metall Struct & Mat Syst Aerosp
Engn, D-52062 Aachen, Germany.
RP Barriobero-Vila, P (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Mat Res, D-
51147 Cologne, Germany.; Barriobero-Vila, P (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol,
Inst Mat Sci & Technol, Karlspl 13-308, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
EM pere.barrioberovila@dlr.de; joachim.gussone@dlr.de; jan.haubrich@dlr.de;
sandloebes@imm.rwth-aachen.de; jdasilva@esrf.fr; cloetens@esrf.fr;
norbert.schell@hzg.de; guillermo.requena@dlr.de
RI da Silva, Julio/A-5240-2011
OI da Silva, Julio/0000-0001-8035-0550
FU COMET-Program of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG); provinces
of Upper Austria (OO) and Styria (St)
FX P. Barriobero-Vila acknowledges the K-Project "Non-destructive testing
and tomography Plus" supported by the COMET-Program of the Austrian
Research Promotion Agency (FFG) and the provinces of Upper Austria (OO)
and Styria (St) for financial support. The European Synchrotron
Radiation Facility (ESRF) and the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron
(DESY) are acknowledged for the provision of synchrotron radiation
facilities in the framework of proposals MA3006 and I-20150533 EC,
respectively. T. Merzouk is acknowledged for the preparation of SLM
samples. P. Watermeyer is acknowledged for the support during FIB and
SEM investigations, and K. Bugelnig for the assistance during HXCT
analysis.
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NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 16
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 3
AR 268
DI 10.3390/ma10030268
PG 14
GA EU2MM
UT WOS:000400863500051
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Fu, J
Gong, L
Zhang, YF
Wu, QR
Shi, XZ
Chang, JC
Lu, JP
AF Fu, Jie
Gong, Lin
Zhang, Yifei
Wu, Qianru
Shi, Xuezhi
Chang, Junchao
Lu, Jiping
TI Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Fabricated by
Vertical Wire Feeding with Axisymmetric Multi-Laser Source
LA English
DT Article
DE vertical wire feeding; laser additive manufacturing; Ti-6Al-4V titanium
alloy
ID PROCESS PARAMETERS; GRAIN MORPHOLOGY; METAL-DEPOSITION; TITANIUM-ALLOY;
COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION; POWER
AB Vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source (feeding the wire
vertically into the molten pool) has exhibited great advantages over LAM (laser
additive manufacturing) with paraxial wire feeding, which has an anisotropic
forming problem in different scanning directions. This paper investigates the
forming ability of vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source,
and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated components. It
has been found that vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source
has a strong forming ability with no anisotropic forming problem when fabricating
the complex parts in a three-axis machine tool. Most of the grains in the samples
are equiaxed grains, and a small amount of short columnar grains exist which are
parallel to each other. The microstructure of the fabricated samples exhibits a
fine basket-weave structure and martensite due to the fast cooling rate which was
caused by the small size of the molten pool and the additional heat dissipation
from the feeding wire. The static tensile test shows that the average ultimate
tensile strength is 1140 MPa in the scanning direction and 1115 MPa in the building
direction, and the average elongation is about 6% in both directions.
C1 [Fu, Jie; Gong, Lin; Wu, Qianru; Shi, Xuezhi; Lu, Jiping] Beijing Inst Technol,
Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yifei; Chang, Junchao] Shenyang Siasun Robot Automat Co Ltd, Shenyang
RP Gong, L (reprint author), Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081,
Peoples R China.
EM bitfujie@gmail.com; gonglin@bit.edu.cn; zhangyifei95@outlook.com;
2120140380@bit.edu.cn; shixuezhisheo@gmail.com;
changjunchao6@outlook.com; jipinglu@bit.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51405018]; Discipline
Group Innovation Collaboration Project of China Association for Science
and Technology [2016XKYL05]; Fundamental research of the State Ministry
[JCKY2016602B007]; Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of the Beijing
Institute of Technology [2016CX04026]
FX This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (No. 51405018), the Discipline Group Innovation Collaboration
Project of China Association for Science and Technology (No.
2016XKYL05), Fundamental research of the State Ministry (No.
JCKY2016602B007) and the Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of the
Beijing Institute of Technology (No. 2016CX04026). The authors would
like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and
suggestions to improve the quality of this paper.
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PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2076-3417
J9 APPL SCI-BASEL
JI Appl. Sci.-Basel
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 3
AR 227
DI 10.3390/app7030227
PG 11
Physics, Applied
GA ER3SO
UT WOS:000398718700018
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Prashanth, KG
Scudino, S
Chatterjee, RP
Salman, OO
Eckert, J
AF Prashanth, Konda Gokuldoss
Scudino, Sergio
Chatterjee, Riddhi P.
Salman, Omar O.
Eckert, Juergen
TI Additive Manufacturing: Reproducibility of Metallic Parts
SO TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
DT Article
DE selective laser melting; laser processing; metals and alloys; mechanical
properties; tensile properties
ID TENSILE PROPERTIES; AL-12SI ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
POWDER-METALLURGY; WEAR PROPERTIES; HEAT-TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE;
COMPOSITES; PARTICLES; TITANIUM
AB The present study deals with the properties of five different metals/alloys (Al-
12Si, Cu-10Sn and 316Lface centered cubic structure, CoCrMo and commercially pure
Ti (CP-Ti)hexagonal closed packed structure) fabricated by selective laser melting.
The room temperature tensile properties of Al-12Si samples show good consistency in
results within the experimental errors. Similar reproducible results were observed
for sliding wear and corrosion experiments. The other metal/alloy systems also show
repeatable tensile properties, with the tensile curves overlapping until the yield
point. The curves may then follow the same path or show a marginal deviation
(similar to 10 MPa) until they reach the ultimate tensile strength and a negligible
difference in ductility levels (of similar to 0.3%) is observed between the
samples. The results show that selective laser melting is a reliable fabrication
method to produce metallic materials with consistent and reproducible properties.
C1 [Prashanth, Konda Gokuldoss; Eckert, Juergen] Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid
Inst Mat Sci, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
[Scudino, Sergio; Chatterjee, Riddhi P.; Salman, Omar O.] IFW Dresden, Inst
Complex Mat, Postfach 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
Austria.
RP Prashanth, KG (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci,
Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
EM kgprashanth@gmail.com; s.scudino@ifw-dresden.de;
riddhipratim.chatterjee@gmail.com; o.o.salman@ifw-dresden.de;
juergen.eckert@unileoben.ac.at
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [EC 111/26-1]; European Research Council
under the ERC Advanced Grant INTELHYB [ERC-2013-ADG-340025]
FX The authors would like to thank A. Gebert for providing the facilities
to carry out the corrosion experiments and for stimulating technical
discussions. Financial support through the German Science Foundation
(DFG) under the Leibniz Program (grant EC 111/26-1) and the European
Research Council under the ERC Advanced Grant INTELHYB (grant
ERC-2013-ADG-340025) is gratefully acknowledged.
CR Alsalla H, 2016, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V669, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.05.075
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Lober L., 2015, THESIS
Pandiripalli B., 2010, REPEATABILITY REPROD
10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.023
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Prashanth K. G., 2014, THESIS
Rajkolhe Rajesh, 2014, INT J RES ADVENT TEC, V2, P375
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10.1016/j.msea.2016.11.070
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.02.023
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[Anonymous], 2016, HIST DEV MAT MANUFAC
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 12
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2227-7080
J9 TECHNOLOGIES
JI Technologies
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 5
IS 1
AR 8
DI 10.3390/technologies5010008
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA ER6HB
UT WOS:000398904900007
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Prashanth, KG
Scudino, S
Eckert, J
AF Prashanth, K. G.
Scudino, S.
Eckert, J.
TI Defining the tensile properties of Al-12Si parts produced by selective
laser melting
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Al-12Si alloy; Tensile
property; Microstructure
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROCESSING
PARAMETERS; WEAR PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; TEXTURE; POWDER;
SLM; FABRICATION
AB Al-12Si samples were fabricated by selective laser melting. Different processing
parameters, including four different hatch styles, as well as contour and base
plate heating, were employed to evaluate their impact on the room temperature
tensile properties. The samples with different hatch styles show similar
crystallite sizes and lattice parameters of Al and comparable amount of free
residual Si, but different levels of texture. The yield strength (YS) varies
between 235 MPa and 290 MPa, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) between 385 MPa
and 460 MPa and the tensile ductility ranges between 2.8% and 4.5%. Similarly, the
samples produced with and without contour show differences in their tensile
properties. Base plate heating was employed with three different temperatures and
the samples display improved plasticity with increasing base plate temperature (BP
473 K, 573 K and 673 K samples show a ductility of 3.5%,similar to 3% and 9.5%,
respectively). The results indicate that the room temperature tensile properties
can be tuned (between YS: 115 MPa-290 MPa, UTS: 220 MPa-460 MPa and ductility:
2.8%-9.5%) in-situ during the selective laser melting process giving an opportunity
to define the mechanical properties of the SLM parts to suit their service
requirements. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Prashanth, K. G.; Eckert, J.] Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci,
[Scudino, S.] IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, Solidificat Proc & Complex Struct,
Helmholtzstr 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
[Eckert, J.] Univ Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
RP Prashanth, KG (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci,
EM prashanth.kondagokuldoss@oeaw.ac.at
RI Scudino, Sergio/D-8049-2015
OI Konda Gokuldoss, Prashanth/0000-0001-5644-2527
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) under the Leibniz Program [EC 111/26-1];
European Research Council [ERC-2013-ADG-340025]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge L. Lober and U. Ramamurty for
helpful discussions and thank S. Donath and M. Frey for technical
assistance. Financial support through the German Science Foundation
(DFG) under the Leibniz Program (grant EC 111/26-1) and the European
Research Council under the ERC Advanced Grant INTELHYB (grant
ERC-2013-ADG-340025) is gratefully acknowledged.
CR Attar H, 2015, MATER LETT, V142, P38, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.11.156
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NR 43
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 41
U2 66
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 126
BP 25
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.044
PG 11
Engineering
GA EL9DB
UT WOS:000394918500003
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wei, HL
Elmer, JW
DebRoy, T
AF Wei, H. L.
Elmer, J. W.
DebRoy, T.
TI Three-dimensional modeling of grain structure evolution during welding
of an aluminum alloy
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Grain growth; Monte Carlo; Welding; Additive manufacturing
ID MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE; SOLIDIFICATION PARAMETERS;
TI-6AL-4V WELDS; GROWTH-MODEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; METAL; ORIENTATION;
TEMPERATURE; TITANIUM
AB The structure and properties of welded and additively manufactured alloys are
affected by the micro structural evolution in the fusion zone (FZ) and heat
affected zone (HAZ). The motion of the liquid pool and the interdependence of grain
growth in both the solid and liquid regions are important in the evolution of the
final grain structure. Previous investigations of microstructure evolution have
been limited to either the HAZ or the FZ and in many cases in idealized isothermal
systems. Here we report the evolution of grain structure and topology in three
dimensions in both the FZ and the HAZ considering the motion of the liquid pool.
Temporal and spatial distributions of temperature obtained from a well-tested heat
transfer and liquid metal flow calculation are combined with Monte Carlo and
topology calculations in a computationally efficient manner. The computed results
are tested against independent experimental data for arc welding of an aluminum
alloy. The average size of the columnar grains in the FZ and the equiaxed grains in
the HAZ are shown to decrease with increasing scanning speed. For a given weld, the
size and aspect ratio of the columnar grains in the longitudinal and horizontal
planes are shown to decrease with distance from the weld interface. It is further
shown that the grain size distributions and topological class distributions in the
HAZ are largely unaffected by the temporal and spatial variations of the
temperature created by different welding parameters. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Wei, H. L.; DebRoy, T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA
16802 USA.
[Elmer, J. W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Mat Engn Div, Livermore, CA 94550
USA.
RP DebRoy, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk,
PA 16802 USA.
EM rtd1@psu.edu
RI Wei, Huiliang/B-2265-2017
OI Wei, Huiliang/0000-0003-2373-6603
FU US Department of Energy NEUP Grant [DE-NE0008280]
FX We acknowledge the support from US Department of Energy NEUP Grant
DE-NE0008280.
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3
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NR 46
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 20
U2 41
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 126
BP 413
EP 425
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.073
PG 13
Engineering
GA EL9DB
UT WOS:000394918500039
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CL
Gao, Y
Zhang, GY
AF Wang, Chenglei
Gao, Yuan
Zhang, Guangyao
TI Effect of Y2O3 Addition on Interface Structure and Corrosion Resistance
of Laser Additive Manufacturing on the Surface of Al Alloys
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE laser additive manufacturing; rare earth; Y2O3; nickel-base; corrosion
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layers were prepared on the surface of 6063 aluminum alloy by
laser additive manufacturing. The effects of rare earth Y2O3 addition on
microstructure, phase structure and corrosion resistance of bonding interface
between Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layers and substrate were investigated by OM, XRD, SEM and
electrochemical corrosion tester. The results show that an excellent bonding
between the alloy layers and the substrate is ensured by a strong metallurgical
interface. Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layers have less cracks, holes and porosity, and more
refined grain size than Ni60 alloy layers without rare earth addition. The main
phase structures of Ni60 alloy layers are beta-NiAl (Cr), Al3Ni, AlNi3, Al, etc.
After adding rare earth Y2O3, the diffraction peaks of Y2O3, YAl3, AlNiY and Ni17Y2
are found in the Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layers. Electrochemical corrosion tests show that
the corrosion resistance of Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layer is 4.07 times as that of Ni60
alloy layer in 1 mol/L H2SO4 solution; in 3.5% NaCl solution, the corrosion
resistance of Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layer is 4.3 times as that of Ni60 alloy layer; in 1
mol/L NaOH solution, the corrosion resistance of Ni60-Y2O3 alloy layer is 2.3 times
as that of Ni60 alloy layer. It is visible that rare earth Y2O3 addition refines
Ni60 alloy layer grains, improves structure, and significantly increases the
corrosion resistance of the alloy layer.
C1 [Wang, Chenglei; Gao, Yuan; Zhang, Guangyao] Guilin Univ Elect Technol, Guilin
RP Gao, Y (reprint author), Guilin Univ Elect Technol, Guilin 541004, Peoples R
China.
EM 13978375394@l63.com
CR Ali Zhang, 2014, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V43, P1686
Gao Y, 2011, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V40, P309
Li HX, 2013, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V42, P209
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.09.023
[苏海军 Su Haijun], 2013, [中国有色金属学报, The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous
Metals], V23, P1567
Wang Huaming, 2014, ACTA AERONAUTICA AST, V35, P624
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 46
IS 3
BP 812
EP 817
PG 6
Engineering
GA EQ7FD
UT WOS:000398248200041
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahbooba, Z
West, H
Harrysson, O
Wojcieszynski, A
Dehoff, R
Nandwana, P
Horn, T
AF Mahbooba, Zaynab
West, Harvey
Harrysson, Ola
Wojcieszynski, Andrzej
Dehoff, Ryan
Nandwana, Peeyush
Horn, Timothy
TI Effect of Hypoeutectic Boron Additions on the Grain Size and Mechanical
Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Manufactured with Powder Bed Electron Beam
Additive Manufacturing
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID CAST TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MELTING EBM; INCONEL 718;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; ORIENTATION; DUCTILITY; FATIGUE
AB In additive manufacturing, microstructural control is feasible via processing
parameter alteration. However, the window for parameter variation for certain
materials, such as Ti-6Al-4V, is limited, and alternative methods must be employed
to customize microstructures. Grain refinement and homogenization in cast titanium
alloys has been demonstrated through the addition of hypoeutectic concentrations of
boron. This work explores the influence of 0.00 wt.%, 0.25 wt.%, 0.50 wt.%, and 1.0
wt.% boron additions on the microstructure and bulk mechanical properties of Ti-
6Al-4V samples fabricated in an Arcam A2 electron beam melting (EBM) system with
commercial processing parameters for Ti-6Al-4V. Analyses of EBM fabricated Ti-6Al-
4V + B indicate that the addition of 0.25-1.0 wt.% boron progressively refines the
grain structure, and it improves hardness and elastic modulus. Despite a reduction
in size, the beta grain structure remained columnar as a result of directional heat
transfer during EBM fabrication.
C1 [Mahbooba, Zaynab; West, Harvey; Harrysson, Ola; Horn, Timothy] North Carolina
State Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg & Logist, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Wojcieszynski, Andrzej] ATI Powder Met, Robinson, PA USA.
[Dehoff, Ryan; Nandwana, Peeyush] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Horn, T (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg & Logist,
Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM tjhorn.ims@gmail.com
OI Nandwana, Peeyush/0000-0002-5147-1668
FU Center for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics
FX The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This work
was funded by the Center for Additive Manufacturing and Logistics. The
authors wish to thank ATI Specialty Materials for providing the
materials used in this study.
0397-x
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10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.08.020
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NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 3
BP 472
EP 478
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-2210-9
PG 7
GA EM0PF
UT WOS:000395019500005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mikler, CV
Chaudhary, V
Borkar, T
Soni, V
Jaeger, D
Chen, X
Contieri, R
Ramanujan, RV
Banerjee, R
AF Mikler, C. V.
Chaudhary, V.
Borkar, T.
Soni, V.
Jaeger, D.
Chen, X.
Contieri, R.
Ramanujan, R. V.
Banerjee, R.
TI Laser Additive Manufacturing of Magnetic Materials
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR; ALLOYING ADDITIONS;
DE-VITRIFICATION; NB; FE-30-PERCENT-NI; NANOPARTICLES; DEFORMATION;
MARTENSITE; DEPOSITION
AB While laser additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important in the
context of next-generation manufacturing technologies, most current research
efforts focus on optimizing process parameters for the processing of mature alloys
for structural applications (primarily stainless steels, titanium base, and nickel
base alloys) from pre-alloyed powder feedstocks to achieve properties superior to
conventionally processed counterparts. However, laser additive manufacturing or
processing can also be applied to functional materials. This article focuses on the
use of directed energy deposition-based additive manufacturing technologies, such
as the laser engineered net shaping (LENS TM) process, to deposit magnetic alloys.
Three case studies are presented: Fe-30 at.% Ni, permalloys of the type Ni-Fe-V and
Ni-Fe-Mo, and FeSi- B-Cu-Nb (derived from Finemet) alloys. All these alloys have
been processed from a blend of elemental powders used as the feedstock, and their
resultant microstructures, phase formation, and magnetic properties are discussed
in this paper. Although these alloys were produced from a blend of elemental
powders, they exhibited relatively uniform microstructures and comparable magnetic
properties to those of their conventionally processed counterparts.
C1 [Mikler, C. V.; Soni, V.; Banerjee, R.] Univ North Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Denton, TX 76201 USA.
[Chaudhary, V.; Chen, X.; Ramanujan, R. V.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci &
Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Borkar, T.] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA.
[Jaeger, D.] Univ North Texas, Ctr Adv Res & Technol, Denton, TX 76201 USA.
[Contieri, R.] Univ Estadual Campinas, FCA, BR-13484350 Limeira, SP, Brazil.
76201 USA.
RI CONTIERI, RODRIGO/G-7492-2014; Ramanujan, Raju/A-2245-2011; Chen,
Xi/S-7353-2017
OI CONTIERI, RODRIGO/0000-0003-3883-2059; Chen, Xi/0000-0002-5466-8140
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10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2015.08.001
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NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 69
IS 3
BP 532
EP 543
DI 10.1007/s11837-017-2257-2
PG 12
GA EM0PF
UT WOS:000395019500013
OA green_published
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yin, B
Ma, HW
Wang, JB
Fang, K
Zhao, H
Liu, YF
AF Yin, Bo
Ma, Hongwen
Wang, Jingbiao
Fang, Kun
Zhao, Hong
Liu, Yunfeng
TI Effect of CaF2 addition on macro/microstructures and mechanical
properties of wire and arc additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V components
LA English
DT Article
DE WAAM; Activating flux; Microstructure; Mechanical properties; Phase
transformation
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; TITANIUM; ALLOYS
AB A titanium/CaF2 component was manufactured through the combination of wire and
arc additive manufacturing systems as well as activating flux. The effects of CaF2
on macro/microstructures evolution and mechanical properties were investigated. The
results showed that the addition of CaF2 to Ti-6Al-4V reduced the width of
component and the aspect ratio of alpha-lath, increased p volume fraction, whereas
the intermittent grain boundary-alpha structure was obtained. In addition, tensile
strength of the components at room temperature was significantly improved.
Consequently, these findings indicated that activating fluxes offered a possibility
to produce the desired microstructures and improve mechanical properties of
titanium alloys during additive manufacturing. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Yin, Bo; Ma, Hongwen; Wang, Jingbiao; Zhao, Hong] Harbin Engn Univ, Coll Mech &
Elect Engn, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
[Fang, Kun; Liu, Yunfeng] Harbin Fenghua Co Ltd, China Aerosp Sci & Ind Corp,
Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
RP Ma, HW (reprint author), Harbin Engn Univ, Coll Mech & Elect Engn, Harbin
150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China.
EM yin_bobo@163.com; mahongwen@hrbeu.edu.cn
CR Baufeld B, 2010, MATER DESIGN, V31, pS106, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.11.032
Leconte S, 2007, SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI, V12, P120, DOI 10.1179/174329307X159810
Liu F., 2003, METAL SOC, V13, P876
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Prilutsky VP, 2014, WELD WORLD, V58, P245, DOI 10.1007/s40194-013-0096-5
Wang KX, 2009, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V38, P398
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 18
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD MAR 1
PY 2017
VL 190
BP 64
EP 66
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.12.128
PG 3
GA EL1RY
UT WOS:000394399900017
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tuomi, JT
Bjorkstrand, RV
Pernu, ML
Salmi, MVJ
Huotilainen, EI
Wolff, JEH
Vallittu, PK
Makitie, AA
AF Tuomi, Jukka T.
Bjorkstrand, Roy V.
Pernu, Mikael L.
Salmi, Mika V. J.
Huotilainen, Eero I.
Wolff, Jan E. H.
Vallittu, Pekka K.
Makitie, Antti A.
TI In vitro cytotoxicity and surface topography evaluation of additive
manufacturing titanium implant materials
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
AB Custom-designed patient-specific implants and reconstruction plates are to date
commonly manufactured using two different additive manufacturing (AM) technologies:
direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and electron beam melting (EBM). The purpose of
this investigation was to characterize the surface structure and to assess the
cytotoxicity of titanium alloys processed using DMLS and EBM technologies as the
existing information on these issues is scarce. "Processed" and "polished" DMLS and
EBM disks were assessed. Microscopic examination revealed titanium alloy particles
and surface flaws on the processed materials. These surface flaws were subsequently
removed by polishing. Surface roughness of EBM processed titanium was higher than
that of DMLS processed. The cytotoxicity results of the DMLS and EBM discs were
compared with a "gold standard" commercially available titanium mandible
reconstruction plate. The mean cell viability for all discs was 82.6% (range, 77.4
to 89.7) and 83.3% for the control reconstruction plate. The DMLS and EBM
manufactured titanium plates were non-cytotoxic both in "processed" and in
"polished" forms.
C1 [Tuomi, Jukka T.; Bjorkstrand, Roy V.; Pernu, Mikael L.; Salmi, Mika V. J.;
Huotilainen, Eero I.; Makitie, Antti A.] Aalto Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn,
Espoo, Finland.
[Wolff, Jan E. H.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg
Oral Pathol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Wolff, Jan E. H.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Innovat Lab 3D, Amsterdam,
Netherlands.
[Vallittu, Pekka K.] Univ Turku, Inst Dent, Dept Biomat Sci, Turku, Finland.
[Vallittu, Pekka K.] Univ Turku, Inst Dent, Div Welf, Turku Clin Biomat Ctr,
Turku, Finland.
[Makitie, Antti A.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg,
Helsinki, Finland.
[Makitie, Antti A.] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Helsinki, Finland.
[Makitie, Antti A.] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Div Ear Nose & Throat
Dis, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Makitie, AA (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Espoo,
Finland.; Makitie, AA (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head &
Neck Surg, Helsinki, Finland.; Makitie, AA (reprint author), Helsinki Univ Hosp,
Helsinki, Finland.; Makitie, AA (reprint author), Karolinska Univ Hosp, Karolinska
Inst, Div Ear Nose & Throat Dis, Dept Clin Sci Intervent & Technol, SE-17176
Stockholm, Sweden.
EM antti.makitie@helsinki.fi
OI Salmi, Mika/0000-0002-7295-3551
FU Tekes (the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation)
[660/31/2010]; Helsinki University Hospital Research Funds [TYH2014234];
Sigrid Juselius Foundation
FX The authors would like to thank Tekes (the Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology and Innovation, grant number 660/31/2010), Helsinki
University Hospital Research Funds (grant number TYH2014234) and Sigrid
Juselius Foundation (Senior Fellowship 2013) for financing the present
research. We would also like to thank M.Sc. (tech) Pekka Paavola for the
photograph (Fig. 1) and Professor Markku Soimasuo for helping us to
interpret the cell culture tests. The late professor Yrjo T. Konttinen
is acknowledged for his contributions during the early stages of the
study. This study was part of the Aalto University MedAMan research
project.
CR [Anonymous], 2013, F13613 ASTM
Bibb R, 2009, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V15, P346, DOI 10.1108/13552540910993879
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NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0957-4530
EI 1573-4838
J9 J MATER SCI-MATER M
JI J. Mater. Sci.-Mater. Med.
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 28
IS 3
AR 53
DI 10.1007/s10856-017-5863-1
PG 7
GA EK9KH
UT WOS:000394242700018
PM 28197824
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU AlMangour, B
Grzesiak, D
Yang, JM
AF AlMangour, Bandar
Grzesiak, Dariusz
Yang, Jenn-Ming
TI Selective laser melting of TiB2/316L stainless steel composites: The
roles of powder preparation and hot isostatic pressing post-treatment
SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Stainless steel matrix composites; Mechanical alloying; Selective laser
melting; Hot isostatic pressing; Wear
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM;
NANOCOMPOSITES; PARTICLES; PARTS; CONSOLIDATION; REINFORCEMENT;
COMPONENTS; POROSITY
AB Selective laser melting (SLM), a promising additive manufacturing technology,
was used to fabricate TiB2/316L stainless steel composites. An important factor in
manufacturing composites via SLM is feedstock powder preparation. In this work, the
powders were prepared by either direct mixing or ball milling. The evolution of
constituent phases, microstructural features, and size distribution with milling
time was investigated. This research determined that powder particles were both
coarsened and refined during the early stages of milling (0-6 h), depending on the
milling time. After 8 h of milling, the powders exhibited a wide size distribution
and stable spherical morphology, while the average crystallite size of the
stainless steel matrix phase significantly decreased to 11.11 nm due to severe
plastic deformation. The powders obtained after 8 h of mixing or milling were
processed via SLM, and the microstructures exhibited a continuous ring-like
structure of uniformly dispersed TiB2 particles. The hardness of the nanocomposite
sample prepared from the ball milled powder exceeded that for samples made with the
directly mixed powder, but only for those with the highest content of 15 vol.% TiB2
reinforcement particles, due to finer particle sizes and enhancement of the wetting
behavior in the molten pool. To increase the final density of these SLM-fabricated
components with high hardnesses, a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) post-treatment was
applied. The microstructural characteristics of the HIPed samples evolved with HIP
holding time from equiaxed grains to segregated regions of coalesced reinforcement
particles. In addition, significant drops in hardness and wear resistance values
were observed after HIP treatment due to the high-temperature annealing effect. (C)
C1 [AlMangour, Bandar; Yang, Jenn-Ming] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Grzesiak, Dariusz] West Pomeranian Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn & Mechatron,
Aleja Piastow 17, Szczecin, Poland.
RP AlMangour, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los
Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM balmangour@gmail.com
RI Grzesiak, Dariusz/E-5686-2016
OI Grzesiak, Dariusz/0000-0001-6050-708X
FU Saudi Basic Industries Corporation
FX One of the authors, Bandar AlMangour, is grateful for the financial
support provided by the Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.
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NR 53
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 23
U2 51
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0032-5910
EI 1873-328X
J9 POWDER TECHNOL
JI Powder Technol.
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 309
BP 37
EP 48
DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.073
PG 12
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA EK6WA
UT WOS:000394065500005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nune, KC
Misra, RDK
Li, SJ
Hao, YL
Yang, R
AF Nune, K. C.
Misra, R. D. K.
Li, S. J.
Hao, Y. L.
Yang, R.
TI Cellular response of osteoblasts to low modulus Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn alloy
mesh structure
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn alloy; low elastic modulus; mesh structure; osteoblasts
functions
ID SIMULATED BODY SOLUTIONS; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS;
CORROSION BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOY; IN-VITRO; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
POROUS STRUCTURES; TI-6AL-4V; IMPLANTS
AB Titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb) are widely used for implants, which
are characterized by high elastic modulus (approximate to 110 GPa) with (+)
structure and that may induce undesirable stress shielding effect and immune
responses associated with the presence of toxic elements. In this regard, we have
combined the attributes of a new alloy design and the concept of additive
manufacturing to fabricate 3D scaffolds with an interconnected porous structure.
The new alloy is a -type Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn (Ti2448) alloy with significantly reduced
modulus. In the present study, we explore the biological response of electron beam
melted low modulus Ti2448 alloy porous mesh structure through the elucidation of
bioactivity and osteoblast functions. The cellular activity was explored in terms
of cell-to-cell communication involving proliferation, spreading, synthesis of
extracellular and intracellular proteins, differentiation, and mineralization. The
formation of fine apatite-like crystals on the surface during immersion test in
simulated body fluid confirmed the bioactivity of the scaffold surface, which
provided the favorable osteogenic microenvironment for cell-material interaction.
The combination of unique surface chemistry and interconnected porous architecture
provided the desired pathway for supply of nutrients and oxygen to cells and a
favorable osteogenic micro-environment for incorporation (on-growth and in-growth)
of osteoblasts. The proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblasts and their
ability to form a well mineralized bone-like extracellular matrix (ECM) by
secreting bone markers (ALP, calcium, etc.) over the struts of the scaffold point
toward the determining role of unique surface chemistry and 3D architecture of the
Ti2448 alloy mesh structure in modulating osteoblasts functions. (c) 2016 Wiley
Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 859-870, 2017.
C1 [Nune, K. C.; Misra, R. D. K.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn,
Biomat & Biomed Engn Res Lab, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Li, S. J.; Hao, Y. L.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl
Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
RP Misra, RDK (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn,
EM dmisra2@utep.edu
FU Chinese MoST [2015AA033702, 2016YFC1102601]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51271182]; University of Texas at El Paso
FX Contract grant sponsor: Chinese MoST; contract grant numbers:
2015AA033702, 2016YFC1102601; Contract grant sponsor: National Natural
Science Foundation of China; contract grant number: 51271182; Contract
grant sponsor: University of Texas at El Paso
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NR 71
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1549-3296
EI 1552-4965
J9 J BIOMED MATER RES A
JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part A
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 105
IS 3
BP 859
EP 870
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.35963
PG 12
GA EK5HO
UT WOS:000393957700017
PM 27885781
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Klassen, A
Forster, VE
Korner, C
AF Klassen, Alexander
Forster, Vera E.
Koerner, Carolin
TI A multi-component evaporation model for beam melting processes
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE multi-component evaporation; thermal lattice Boltzmann method; free
surfaces; selective electron beam melting
ID LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL; LIQUID-METALS; ALUMINUM LOSS; SURFACE;
VAPORIZATION; ALLOYS; DIFFUSION; RADIATION; TITANIUM; PRESSURE
AB In additive manufacturing using laser or electron beam melting technologies,
evaporation losses and changes in chemical composition are known issues when
processing alloys with volatile elements. In this paper, a recently described
numerical model based on a two-dimensional free surface lattice Boltzmann method is
further developed to incorporate the effects of multicomponent evaporation. The
model takes into account the local melt pool composition during heating and fusion
of metal powder. For validation, the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is melted by
selective electron beam melting and analysed using mass loss measurements and high-
resolution microprobe imaging. Numerically determined evaporation losses and
spatial distributions of aluminium compare well with experimental data. Predictions
of the melt pool formation in bulk samples provide insight into the competition
between the loss of volatile alloying elements from the irradiated surface and
their advective redistribution within the molten region.
C1 [Klassen, Alexander; Forster, Vera E.; Koerner, Carolin] Friedrich Alexander
Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Chair Mat Sci & Engn Met,
Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Klassen, A (reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU,
Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Chair Mat Sci & Engn Met, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen,
Germany.
EM alexander.klassen@fau.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [KO 1984/9-2]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the German Research
Foundation (DFG) within the project KO 1984/9-2.
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NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 52
PI BRISTOL
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD MAR
PY 2017
VL 25
IS 2
AR 025003
DI 10.1088/1361-651X/aa5289
PG 22
GA EH2KA
UT WOS:000391595200003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Aversa, A
Lorusso, M
Cattano, G
Manfredi, D
Calignano, F
Ambrosio, EP
Biamino, S
Fino, P
Lombardi, M
Pavese, M
AF Aversa, Alberta
Lorusso, Massimo
Cattano, Giulio
Manfredi, Diego
Calignano, Flaviana
Ambrosio, Elisa P.
Biamino, Sara
Fino, Paolo
Pavese, Matteo
TI A study of the microstructure and the mechanical properties of an
Al-Si-Ni alloy produced via selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Additive manufacturing; Aluminum; Nickel;
Silicon; Nanoindentation
ID GAS-ATOMIZATION; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; POWDER; ALSI10MG; DENSIFICATION;
SIMULATION; EXTRUSION; EVOLUTION; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Al-Si-Ni samples were produced via selective laser melting (SLM) by mixing
AlSi10Mg and pure nickel powders. The mixing rate was chosen in order to obtain a
chemical composition close to the eutectic and with the aim of exploiting a very
narrow solidification temperature range. The building parameters were optimised to
reduce the porosity values. Samples produced with the optimised process parameters
were then characterized in terms of microstructures and hardness. The results show
that even if some Al3Ni agglomerates were found, the SLM allows a good dispersion
of the nickel within the alloy. The hardness tests revealed that the introduction
of nickel strongly increased the hardness of the alloy. This was also demonstrated
using nanoindentation measurements. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aversa, Alberta; Biamino, Sara; Fino, Paolo; Lombardi, Mariangela; Pavese,
Matteo] Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129
Turin, Italy.
[Lorusso, Massimo; Cattano, Giulio; Manfredi, Diego; Calignano, Flaviana;
Ambrosio, Elisa P.; Fino, Paolo] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Sustainable Futures, CSF
POLITO, Corso Trento 21, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Aversa, A (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso Duca
Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM alberta.aversa@polito.it
OI Calignano, Flaviana/0000-0001-7672-7650; Fino,
Paolo/0000-0002-7248-8039; Pavese, Matteo/0000-0002-6168-742X; Lombardi,
Mariangela/0000-0002-1546-8525; Manfredi, Diego/0000-0002-2876-143X
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[Anonymous], 2013, STANDARD TEST METHOD, P1
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 41
U2 110
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD FEB 25
PY 2017
VL 695
BP 1470
EP 1478
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.10.285
PG 9
GA EH5MQ
UT WOS:000391817600183
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mereddy, S
Bermingham, MJ
StJohn, DH
Dargusch, MS
AF Mereddy, S.
Bermingham, M. J.
StJohn, D. H.
Dargusch, M. S.
TI Grain refinement of wire arc additively manufactured titanium by the
addition of silicon
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Grain refinement; Titanium; Silicon
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SI-ADDITION; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V;
DEPOSITION; ALLOY; LASER; COMPONENTS; TEXTURE; BORON
AB This study demonstrates that silicon additions are effective in refining the
microstructure of additive layer manufactured (ALM) titanium components. The
addition of up to 0.75 wt% silicon to commercially pure titanium manufactured by
wire arc ALM results in a significant reduction of the prior-beta grain size. It is
observed that silicon also reduces the width of the columnar grains and allows for
the nucleation of some equiaxed grains through the development of constitutional
supercooling and growth restriction. The grain size of the ALM components is
compared to a casting process and it is found that the asdeposited microstructure
produced during ALM exhibits larger average grain sizes. Using the Interdependence
model for predicting grain size, it was determined that the population of nucleant
particles that naturally occur in titanium, has comparable potency (i.e. ability to
activate at a similar undercooling) regardless of the processing method, however,
the ALM process contains fewer, sufficiently potent, nucleant particles than for
the casting process due to the effect of subsequent cycles of remelting and
heating. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mereddy, S.; Bermingham, M. J.; StJohn, D. H.; Dargusch, M. S.] Univ
Queensland, Sch Mech & Min Engn, Queensland Ctr Adv Mat Proc & Mfg AMPAM, Brisbane,
Qld, Australia.
RP Bermingham, MJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Mech & Min Engn,
Queensland Ctr Adv Mat Proc & Mfg AMPAM, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
EM sri.mereddy@uqconnect.edu.au; m.bermingham@uq.edu.au;
d.stjohn@uq.edu.au; m.dargusch@uq.edu.au
OI Dargusch, Matthew/0000-0003-4336-5811; StJohn, David/0000-0001-5509-265X
FU Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing
(AMPAM); Defence Materials Technology Centre (DMTC); Australian Research
Council [DE160100260]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Queensland
Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing (AMPAM), the
Defence Materials Technology Centre (DMTC). This research was supported
under Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme
(DE160100260).
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 26
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD FEB 25
PY 2017
VL 695
BP 2097
EP 2103
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.049
PG 7
GA EH5MQ
UT WOS:000391817600262
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Saedi, S
Turabi, AS
Andani, MT
Moghaddam, NS
Elahinia, M
Karaca, HE
AF Saedi, Soheil
Turabi, Ali Sadi
Elahinia, Mohammad
Karaca, Haluk Ersin
TI Texture, aging, and superelasticity of selective laser melting
fabricated Ni-rich NiTi alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Shape memory alloy; NiTi; Additive manufacturing; Selective laser
melting; Microstructure; Superelasticity
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL NITI; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION;
COMPRESSIVE RESPONSE; NICKEL-TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; STRENGTH;
MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER; PHASE
AB This work studies the impact of selective laser melting (SLM) fabrication on the
microstructure and texture of Ni-rich NiTi alloy. SLM NiTi samples were fabricated
with a high laser power of 250 W and 1.25 m/s scanning speed. A comprehensive aging
study of as-fabricated alloys is also presented to reveal the effects of aging time
and temperature on transformation behavior. The shape memory properties were
investigated by shape memory effect and superelasticity experiments. It was found
that although SLM fabricated samples show lower strength than the initial ingot,
their sharp [001] texture along the building direction improve their superelastic
response substantially. In addition, it was shown that transformation temperatures
can be tailored and upon thermal treatments of 350 degrees C-1 h and 600 degrees C-
1.5 h, superelastic recovery up to about 5.5% can be obtained at body and room
temperatures which make these alloys very promising for potential biomedical
applications.
C1 [Saedi, Soheil; Turabi, Ali Sadi; Karaca, Haluk Ersin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ
Toledo, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, SM Wu Mfg Res Ctr, Dept Mech
Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Karaca, HE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506
USA.
EM karacahaluk@uky.edu
FU Ohio Department of Development [WP 10-010]; TVSF [14-958, 15-791]; NSF
[CBET-0731087]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided for
the project "Nitinol Commercialization Accelerator" by the Ohio
Department of Development through Grants WP 10-010, and TVSF awards
14-958 and 15-791. NSF support (CBET-0731087) is also appreciated. We
would also like to acknowledge contributions of Dr. X. Wen and SECAT,
Center of the Aluminium Technology of University of Kentucky.
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NR 61
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 13
U2 31
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD FEB 16
PY 2017
VL 686
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2017.01.008
PG 10
GA EK6YX
UT WOS:000394073300001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, A
Alahmari, AM
Mohammed, MK
Renganayagalu, RK
Moiduddin, K
AF Mohammad, Ashfaq
Mohammed, Muneer Khan
Renganayagalu, Ravi Kottan
Moiduddin, Khaja
TI Effect of Energy Input on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of
Titanium Aluminide Alloy Fabricated by the Additive Manufacturing
Process of Electron Beam Melting
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; electron beam melting; titanium aluminide;
computer tomography
ID TIAL ALLOYS; TI-6AL-4V; WINDOW; EBM
AB Titanium aluminides qualify adequately for advanced aero-engine applications in
place of conventional nickel based superalloys. The combination of high temperature
properties and lower density gives an edge to the titanium aluminide alloys.
Nevertheless, challenges remain on how to process these essentially intermetallic
alloys in to an actual product. Electron Beam Melting (EBM), an Additive
Manufacturing Method, can build complex shaped solid parts from a given feedstock
powder, thus overcoming the shortcomings of the conventional processing techniques
such as machining and forging. The amount of energy supplied by the electron beam
has considerable influence on the final build quality in the EBM process. Energy
input is decided by the beam voltage, beam scan speed, beam current, and track
offset distance. In the current work, beam current and track offset were varied to
reflect three levels of energy input. Microstructural and mechanical properties
were evaluated for these samples. The microstructure gradually coarsened from top
to bottom along the build direction. Whereas higher energy favored lath
microstructure, lower energy tended toward equiaxed grains. Computed tomography
analysis revealed a greater amount of porosity in low energy samples. In addition,
the lack of bonding defects led to premature failure in the tension test of low
energy samples. Increase in energy to a medium level largely cancelled out the
porosity, thereby increasing the strength. However, this trend did not continue
with the high energy samples. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction
investigations were carried out to understand this non-linear behavior of the
strength in the three samples. Overall, the results of this work suggest that the
input energy should be considered primarily whenever any new alloy system has to be
processed through the EBM route.
C1 [Mohammad, Ashfaq; Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.; Mohammed, Muneer Khan; Moiduddin,
Khaja] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg
Tech, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Coll Engn, Riyadh
[Renganayagalu, Ravi Kottan] PSG Inst Adv Studies, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil
Nadu, India.
RP Mohammad, A (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima
Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM mashfaq@ksu.edu.sa; alahmari@ksu.edu.sa; muneer0649@gmail.com;
krr@psgias.ac.in; kmoiduddin@gmail.com
FU Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University
FX The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research, King
Saud University for funding through the Vice Deanship of Scientific
Research Chairs.
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JI Materials
PD FEB
PY 2017
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PG 16
GA EM6TT
UT WOS:000395445800118
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, C
Pan, ZX
Cuiuri, D
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Li, HJ
AF Shen, Chen
Pan, Zengxi
Cuiuri, Dominic
Ding, Donghong
Li, Huijun
TI Influences of deposition current and interpass temperature to the
Fe3Al-based iron aluminide fabricated using wire-arc additive
manufacturing process
LA English
DT Article
DE Iron aluminide; In situ alloying; Additive manufacturing; GTAW
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DUCTILITY; STEEL; LASER;
STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; POWDER; MODEL
AB This research presents an innovative wire-arc additive manufacturing process for
fabricating Fe3Al-based iron aluminide buildup walls with 30 at.% Al content. The
alloy is produced in situ through controlled addition of the elemental iron and
aluminum components into the welding process. The influences of major process
parameters, including deposition current and interpass temperature to the material
and mechanical properties of the buildup walls are investigated using optical
microstructure analysis, hardness testing, tensile testing, X-ray diffraction phase
characterization, and electron dispersive spectroscopy. The results have indicated
that deposition current is the dominant factor to the grain size in the buildup
walls, and interpass temperature is critical for preventing stress induced
cracking.
C1 [Shen, Chen; Pan, Zengxi; Cuiuri, Dominic; Ding, Donghong; Li, Huijun] Univ
Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong,
NSW 2522, Australia.
OI pan, zengxi/0000-0002-1788-2543; Shen, Chen/0000-0002-7687-6418
FU China Scholarship Council (CSC); University of Wollongong (UOW); Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from China
Scholarship Council (CSC), University of Wollongong (UOW), and Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA) and use of the facilities
within the UOW Electron Microscopy Centre.
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NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 28
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 88
IS 5-8
BP 2009
EP 2018
DI 10.1007/s00170-016-8935-3
PG 10
GA EK2LZ
UT WOS:000393760100070
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nune, KC
Kumar, A
Misra, RDK
Li, SJ
Hao, YL
Yang, R
AF Nune, K. C.
Kumar, A.
Misra, R. D. K.
Li, S. J.
Hao, Y. L.
Yang, R.
TI Functional response of osteoblasts in functionally gradient titanium
alloy mesh arrays processed by 3D additive manufacturing
SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gradient mesh structure; Ti6Al4V; Osteoblasts
ID HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; NEXT-GENERATION; BONE INGROWTH; PORE-SIZE;
IN-VIVO; CELL; SCAFFOLDS; HYDROXYAPATITE; OSTEOGENESIS; CONSTRUCTS
AB We elucidate here the osteoblasts functions and cellular activity in 3D printed
interconnected porous architecture of functionally gradient Ti-6Al-4V alloy mesh
structures in terms of cell proliferation and growth, distribution of cell nuclei,
synthesis of proteins (actin, vinculin, and fibronectin), and calcium deposition.
Cell culture studies with pre-osteoblasts indicated that the interconnected porous
architecture of functionally gradient mesh arrays was conducive to osteoblast
functions. However, there were statistically significant differences in the
cellular response depending on the pore size in the functionally gradient
structure. The interconnected porous architecture contributed to the distribution
of cells from the large pore size (G1) to the small pore size (G3), with consequent
synthesis of extracellular matrix and calcium precipitation. The gradient mesh
structure significantly impacted cell adhesion and influenced the proliferation
stage, such that there was high distribution of cells on struts of the gradient
mesh structure. Actin and vinculin showed a significant difference in normalized
expression level of protein per cell, which was absent in the case of fibronectin.
Osteoblasts present on mesh struts formed a confluent sheet, bridging the pores
through numerous cytoplasmic extensions. The gradient mesh structure fabricated by
electron beam melting was explored to obtain fundamental insights on cellular
activity with respect to osteoblast functions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Nune, K. C.; Kumar, A.; Misra, R. D. K.] Univ Texas El Paso, Biomat & Biomed
Engn Res Lab, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Li, S. J.; Hao, Y. L.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl
Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
RP Misra, RDK (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Biomat & Biomed Engn Res Lab,
Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
EM dmisra2@utep.edu
OI Kumar, Alok/0000-0002-8363-2286
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB933902]; Materials
Science and Biomedical Engineering programs of the Department of
Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering; Chinese MoST
[2015AA033702, 2016YFC1102601]
FX The processing part of gradient mesh structures was supported by
National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB933902), while the
biological response part of studies was supported by the Materials
Science and Biomedical Engineering programs of the Department of
Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering. The authors also
acknowledge support from Chinese MoST (2015AA033702, 2016YFC1102601).
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Z9 1
U1 8
U2 29
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0927-7765
EI 1873-4367
J9 COLLOID SURFACE B
JI Colloid Surf. B-Biointerfaces
PD FEB 1
PY 2017
VL 150
BP 78
EP 88
DI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.09.050
PG 11
WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Materials Science
GA EK1ZN
UT WOS:000393726900010
PM 27888725
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, Z
Wang, LF
Jia, M
Cheng, LY
Yan, BA
AF Zheng, Zeng
Wang, Lianfeng
Jia, Min
Cheng, Lingyu
Yan, Biao
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of stainless steel/calcium
silicate composites manufactured by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Stainless steel; Calcium silicate;
Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID ALLOY; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; SLM; HYDROXYAPATITE; PERFORMANCE;
BIOACTIVITY; SCAFFOLDS; EVOLUTION; EXPOSURE
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) is raised as one kind of additive manufacturing
(AM) which is based on the discrete -stacking concept. This technique can fabricate
advanced composites with desirable properties directly from 3D CAD data. In this
research, 316L stainless steel (316L SS) and different fractions of calcium
silicate (CaSiO3) composites (weight fractions of calcium silicate are 0%, 5%,10%
and 15%, respectively) were prepared by SW technique with a purpose to develop
biomedical metallic materials. The relative density, tensile, micro-hardness and
elastic modulus of the composites were tested, their microstructures and fracture
morphologies were observed using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that the addition of
CaSiO3 particles influenced the microstructure and mechanical properties of
specimens significantly. The CaSiO3 precipitates from the overlap of adjacent
tracks and became the origin of the defects. The tensile strength of specimens
range 320-722 MPa. The microhardness and elastic modulus are around 250 HV and 215
GPa respectively. These composites were ductile materials and the fracture mode of
the composites was mixed mode of ductile and brittle fracture. The 316L SS/CaSiO3
composites can be a potential biomedical metallic materials in the medical field.
(C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Zheng, Zeng; Wang, Lianfeng; Yan, Biao] Tongji Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Shanghai 201804, Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Zeng; Yan, Biao] Shanghai Key Lab D&A Met Funct Mat, Shanghai 201804,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, Lianfeng; Cheng, Lingyu] Shanghai Aerosp Equipments Mfg, Shanghai 200240,
Peoples R China.
[Jia, Min] Shanghai Aircraft Mfg Co Ltd, Shanghai 200436, Peoples R China.
RP Yan, BA (reprint author), Tongji Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai 201804,
Peoples R China.
EM 84016@tongji.edu.cn
FU Shanghai Key Lab. of D&A for Metal-Functional Materials [52001130];
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University
[TJ-2015KJ001]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study
provided by the Shanghai Key Lab. of D&A for Metal-Functional Materials
(no. 52001130) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji
University (no. TJ-2015KJ001).
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[Anonymous], 1990, METALS HDB, V1
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 51
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0928-4931
EI 1873-0191
PD FEB 1
PY 2017
VL 71
BP 1099
EP 1105
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.032
PG 7
GA EG3TI
UT WOS:000390967200128
PM 27987665
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Promoppatum, P
Onler, R
Yao, SC
AF Promoppatum, Patcharapit
Onler, Recep
Yao, Shi-Chune
TI Numerical and experimental investigations of micro and macro
characteristics of direct metal laser sintered Ti-6Al-4V products
LA English
DT Article
DE Finite element modeling; Additive manufacturing; Ti-6Al-4V; Processing
window; Selective laser sintering; Energy deposition density
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROCESSING CONDITIONS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
POWDER; ALLOY; PREDICTION; ALUMINUM; FABRICATION; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Numerical modeling and experimental studies are developed to reveal the thermal,
mechanical and material phenomena in the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
processes of the Ti-6Al-4V products. Numerical models along with physical criteria
and analytical equations are used to establish the processing window to show the
interplay between the processing parameters and suggests the desirable operating
regions. Samples are made to confirm the numerical predictions and show that the
favorable part's characteristics could be obtained if the undesirable work regions
are avoided. Energy deposition density, in many occasions, is found to be a very
useful factor enabling the simultaneous consideration of multiple parameters to
determine the process response. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Promoppatum, Patcharapit; Onler, Recep; Yao, Shi-Chune] Carnegie Mellon Univ,
Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Yao, SC (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA
15213 USA.
EM scyao@cmu.edu
OI Onler, Recep/0000-0002-8123-0400
FU Research of Additive Manufacturing in Pennsylvania (RAMP); Department of
Community and Economic Development (DCED); America Makes
FX The authors acknowledge gratefully Professor Anthony D. Rollett and
Professor Burak Ozdoganlar for fruitful discussions on the subject as
well as Professor Bryan Webler for the access to the material
characterization facility. Moreover, the research of producing the
experimental samples is partially supported by Research of Additive
Manufacturing in Pennsylvania (RAMP), which is sponsored by Department
of Community and Economic Development (DCED), and America Makes.
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NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 10
U2 60
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD FEB
PY 2017
VL 240
BP 262
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.10.005
PG 12
Multidisciplinary
GA ED7YI
UT WOS:000389088200030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shi, XZ
Ma, SY
Liu, CM
Wu, QR
Lu, JP
Liu, YD
Shi, WT
AF Shi, Xuezhi
Ma, Shuyuan
Liu, Changmeng
Wu, Qianru
Lu, Jiping
Liu, Yude
Shi, Wentian
TI Selective laser melting-wire arc additive manufacturing hybrid
fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V alloy: Microstructure and mechanical properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Wire arc additive manufacturing; Hybrid
fabrication; Ti-6Al-4V; Mechanical properties
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; TITANIUM-ALLOY; BUTT JOINTS; TI6AL4V; DEPOSITION;
PARAMETERS; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) and wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) are two
representative metal additive manufacturing technologies that fabricate the net
shaping of small complex parts and near-net shaping of large components. To explore
the feasibility of SLM-WAAM hybrid fabricating large and complex components, the
preliminary hybrid SLM-WAAM process of Ti-6Al-4V is investigated. In this study,
horizontal (H-) and vertical (V-) SLM samples are used as substrate for WAAM
process to analyze microstructure and tensile properties, and to be compared with
that of SLM samples and WAAM samples. The results show that Ti-6Al-4V sample formed
by hybrid fabrication consists of three typical zones: SLM zone, WAAM zone and
interface zone. The fine and short beta columnar grains consisting of primarily
martensite alpha' exist in SLM zone, then these fine grains grow coarse in the
about 3 mm-thick interface zone because of the repeated heating process, in
contrast, the coarse beta columnar grains awash with a lamellae lead to epitaxial
growth in WAAM zone. There is a good metallurgical bonding in the interface zone of
both H-SLM-WAAM and V-SLM-WAAM specimens and all the fractures are located in the
WAAM zone during the tensile test. The mean yield strength and ultimate tensile
strength of the H-SLM-WAAM specimens are 850 MPa and 905 MPa, respectively. In
comparison, the V-SLM-WAAM samples exhibited slightly higher tensile strengths; the
mean yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are 890 MPa and 995 MPa,
respectively. The elongations of different directions are both more than 10%,
satisfying the requirements of engineering applications. These tensile properties
of SLM-WAAM samples are comparable with or even better than that of WAAM samples.
C1 [Shi, Xuezhi; Ma, Shuyuan; Liu, Changmeng; Wu, Qianru; Lu, Jiping] Beijing Inst
Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Yude; Shi, Wentian] Beijing Technol & Business Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Mech
Engn, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China.
Peoples R China.
EM liuchangmeng@bit.edu.cn
Science Foundation [3162027]; Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of
Beijing Institute of Technology [2015YG0302]
FX The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (51505033), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (3162027), and
Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Beijing Institute of
Technology (2015YG0302).
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NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 25
U2 51
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 27
PY 2017
VL 684
BP 196
EP 204
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.065
PG 9
GA EK5AC
UT WOS:000393938300024
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, GC
Li, J
Tian, XJ
Cheng, X
He, B
Wang, HM
AF Li, Guo-Chao
Li, Jia
Tian, Xiang-Jun
Cheng, Xu
He, Bei
Wang, Hua-Ming
TI Microstructure and properties of a novel titanium alloy
Ti-6Al-2V-1.5Mo-0.5Zr-0.3Si manufactured by laser additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Novel titanium alloy; Laser additive manufacturing; Macrostructure;
Microstructure; Room temperature tensile properties
ID MELTING DEPOSITED TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
HIGH-STRENGTH; EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE; COMPONENTS; TI-6AL-4V
AB A novel alpha+beta titanium alloy with multi-alloying addition and low-cost is
designed from Ti-6Al-4V. In order to maintain the same [Al](eq) and [Mo](eq), the
Mo and Zr were added into the alloy instead of V, and the nominal composition of
this novel alloy is determined as Ti-6Al-2V-1.5Mo-0.5Zr-0.3Si with a spot of Si
added. In this study, a plate of the novel alloy was manufactured by laser additive
manufacturing (LAM). The macrostructure, microstructure, compositions,
microhardness and room temperature tensile properties of as-deposited alloy were
investigated. The results show that the macrostructure of the novel alloy contains
large columnar grains and small columnar grains. Compared to the reference alloy
Ti-6Al-4V manufactured with the same process, the novel alloy had much finer
basket-weave microstructure. This novel alloy, solid-solute with alloying elements
Mo, Zr and Si, has higher microhardness and better combination of strength and
plasticity compared to Ti-6Al-4V.
C1 [Li, Guo-Chao; Li, Jia; Tian, Xiang-Jun; Cheng, Xu; He, Bei; Wang, Hua-Ming]
Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd,
[Li, Guo-Chao; Li, Jia; Tian, Xiang-Jun; Cheng, Xu; He, Bei; Wang, Hua-Ming]
Beihang Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Minist Educ Laser Direct Mfg Large Metall Compone, 37
[Li, Guo-Chao; Li, Jia; Tian, Xiang-Jun; Cheng, Xu; He, Bei; Wang, Hua-Ming]
Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Li, J (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall
Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
EM lijia@buaa.edu.cn
number Z140002).
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NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 15
U2 26
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 27
PY 2017
VL 684
BP 233
EP 238
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.11.084
PG 6
GA EK5AC
UT WOS:000393938300029
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bordin, A
Sartori, S
Bruschi, S
Ghiotti, A
AF Bordin, A.
Sartori, S.
Bruschi, S.
Ghiotti, A.
TI Experimental investigation on the feasibility of dry and cryogenic
machining as sustainable strategies when turning Ti6A14V produced by
SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6AL4V; Additive Manufacturing; Sustainable machining; Cryogenic
machining; Electron beam melting
ID TEMPERATURE NICKEL-ALLOY; COATED CARBIDE TOOLS; INCONEL 718; TI-6AL-4V
ALLOY; CUTTING FLUIDS; WEAR; TI6AL4V; MACHINABILITY; LIFE
AB The performances of the cutting fluids have recently been under investigation to
drive machining operations towards cleaner and more sustainable targets. Several
efforts are being made to test new formulations of coolants and to implement
cooling strategies alternative to standard flooding. Cryogenic cooling seems to be
an efficient solution to enhance the process sustainability when machining
difficult to-cut metals, such as nickel, cobalt and titanium alloys. Among its
several advantages, no contaminants are left on the chips and workpieces, hence
reducing the chips disposal costs and limiting skin and breath diseases for the
machine tool operators. Furthermore, in case of production of surgical prostheses,
it can help reducing the cleaning steps before the final sterilization. The present
work investigates the feasibility of using dry cutting and cryogenic cooling in
semi-finishing turning of the Ti6AI4V titanium alloy produced by the Additive
Manufacturing technology known as Electron Beam Melting when compared to standard
flood cooling. For this purpose, the effects of the cutting speed and feed rate on
the tool wear, surface integrity, and chip morphology were investigated as a
function of the applied cooling strategy. The experimental findings show that the
cryogenic cooling assures better performances than dry and wet machining by
reducing the tool wear, improving the surface finish and the chip breakability,
whereas dry cutting provokes more surface defects and severe tool wear. Therefore,
from an environmental point of view, cryogenic machining can represent a
sustainable process for manufacturing surgical prostheses made of AM titanium
alloys. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bordin, A.; Sartori, S.; Bruschi, S.; Ghiotti, A.] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn,
Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
RP Bordin, A (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM bordin.alberto.dii@gmail.com
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NR 40
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 11
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD JAN 20
PY 2017
VL 142
BP 4142
EP 4151
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.09.209
PN 4
PG 10
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA EN0UP
UT WOS:000395726300062
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Karaji, ZG
Speirs, M
Dadbakhsh, S
Kruth, JP
Weinans, H
Zadpoor, AA
Yavari, SA
AF Karaji, Z. Gorgin
Speirs, M.
Dadbakhsh, S.
Kruth, J. -P.
Weinans, H.
Zadpoor, A. A.
Yavari, S. Amin
TI Additively Manufactured and Surface Biofunctionalized Porous Nitinol
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE shape memory alloys; additive manufacturing; biomimetic topology;
osteogenic coatings; controlled release
ID BONE TISSUE REGENERATION; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; IMPLANT OSSEOINTEGRATION;
SCAFFOLD DESIGN; EFFECTIVE IMMOBILIZATION; MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2;
TITANIUM BIOMATERIALS; BEHAVIOR; RECONSTRUCTION; POLYDOPAMINE
AB Enhanced bone tissue regeneration and improved osseointegration are among the
most important goals in design of multifunctional orthopedic biomaterials. In this
study, we used additive manufacturing (selective laser melting) to develop
multifunctional porous nitinol that combines superelasticity with a rationally
designed microarchitecture and biofunctionalized surface. The rational design based
on triply periodic minimal surfaces aimed to properly adjust the pore size),
increase the surface area (thereby amplifying-the effects of surface
biofunctionalization), and resemble the curvature characteristics of trabecular
bone. The surface of additively manufactured (AM) porous:nitinol was
biofunctionalized using polydopamine-immobilized rhBMP2 for better control of the
release kinetics. The actual morphological properties of porous nitinol measured by
microcomputed tomography (e.g., open/close porosity, and surface area) closely
matched the design values. The superelasticity originated from the austenite phase
formed in, the nitinol porous structure at room temperature. Polydopamine and
rhBMP2 signature-peaks were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tests. The release,of rhBMP2 continued
until 28 days. The early time and long-term release profiles were found to be
adjustable independent of each other; In vitro cell culture showed improved cell
attachment, cell proliferation) cell morphology (spreading, spindle-like shape),
and cell coverage as well as elevated levels of ALP activity and increased calcium
content for biofunctionalized surfaces as compared to as-manufactured specimens.
The demonstrated functionalities of porous nitinol-could be used as a basis for
deployable orthopedic implants with rationally, designed microarchitectures that
maximize bone tissue regeneration performance by release of biomolecules with
adjustable and well-Controlled release profiles.
C1 [Karaji, Z. Gorgin; Weinans, H.; Yavari, S. Amin] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept
Orthoped, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Weinans, H.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Rheumatol, NL-3584 CX Utrecht,
Netherlands.
[Karaji, Z. Gorgin] Kermanshah Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kermanshah
6376667178, Iran.
[Speirs, M.; Dadbakhsh, S.; Kruth, J. -P.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, PMA Div, Dept
Mech Engn, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
[Weinans, H.; Zadpoor, A. A.; Yavari, S. Amin] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Biomech
Engn, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
RP Yavari, SA (reprint author), Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Orthoped, NL-3584 CX
Utrecht, Netherlands.; Yavari, SA (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Dept
Biomech Engn, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM s.aminyavari@umcutrecht.nl
RI Zadpoor, Amir A/A-8510-2008; Amin Yavari, Saber/G-9486-2013
OI Amin Yavari, Saber/0000-0003-1677-5751; Zadpoor, Amir
Abbas/0000-0003-3234-2112; Dadbakhsh, Sasan/0000-0003-4120-4790;
Weinans, Harrie/0000-0002-2275-6170
FU Topsector Life Science Health (LSH) program of the Dutch ministry of
Education
FX This work was supported by the Topsector Life Science Health (LSH)
program of the Dutch ministry of Education. The support of Eline Kolken
for drawing graphical abstract is also acknowledged.
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Waitukaitis S, 2015, PHYS REV LETT, V114, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.055503
Wodajo FM, 2003, CURR OPIN ONCOL, V15, P304, DOI 10.1097/00001622-200307000-
00005
Yavari SA, 2016, ACS APPL MATER INTER, V8, P17080, DOI 10.1021/acsami.6b03152
Yavari SA, 2014, APPL SURF SCI, V290, P287, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.11.069
Yoo DJ, 2011, INT J PRECIS ENG MAN, V12, P61, DOI 10.1007/s12541-011-0008-9
Yoo D, 2012, MED ENG PHYS, V34, P625, DOI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2012.03.009
Zhu LP, 2011, COLLOID SURFACE B, V86, P111, DOI 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.03.027
Zhu LJ, 2012, APPL SURF SCI, V258, P5387, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.02.016
NR 70
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 35
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JAN 18
PY 2017
VL 9
IS 2
BP 1293
EP 1304
DI 10.1021/acsami.6b14026
PG 12
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA EI4IZ
UT WOS:000392458300016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ahn, YK
Kim, HG
Park, HK
Kim, GH
Jung, KH
Lee, CW
Kim, WY
Lim, SH
Lee, BS
AF Ahn, Yong-Keun
Kim, Hyung-Giun
Park, Hyung-Ki
Kim, Gun-Hee
Jung, Kyung-Hwan
Lee, Chang-Woo
Kim, Won-Yong
Lim, Sung-Hwan
Lee, Byoung-Soo
TI Mechanical and microstructural characteristics of commercial purity
titanium implants fabricated by electron-beam additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomaterials; Electron-beam additive manufacturing; Commercial purity
titanium; Porous materials; Intermetallics
ID POROUS TITANIUM; SCAFFOLDS; ALLOYS
AB Electron-beam additive manufacturing (EBAM) is a layer-by-layer additive
manufacturing technique. In this study, the mechanical and microstructural
characteristics of commercial purity (CP) titanium implants with various
porosities, fabricated by EBAM, were examined. The results show that the CP-
titanium implants were composed of fine grains and Fe-Ti intermetallic compounds
with a size of 40 nm. In addition, they exhibit high yield strength and a low
elastic modulus that are comparable to those of human bone.
C1 [Ahn, Yong-Keun; Kim, Hyung-Giun; Park, Hyung-Ki; Kim, Gun-Hee; Jung, Kyung-
Hwan; Lee, Chang-Woo; Lee, Byoung-Soo] Korea Inst Ind Technol KITECH, Gangwon Reg
Div, Gwahakdanji Ro 137-41, Gangneung Si 25440, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
[Jung, Kyung-Hwan] KIMM Met 3D Printing Convergence Res Team, Daejeon 34103,
South Korea.
[Kim, Won-Yong] Korea Inst Ind Technol KITECH, Res Inst Adv Mfg Technol, Inchon
21999, South Korea.
[Lim, Sung-Hwan] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Nano Appl Engn, Chunchon 200701, South
Korea.
RP Lee, BS (reprint author), Korea Inst Ind Technol KITECH, Gangwon Reg Div,
Gwahakdanji Ro 137-41, Gangneung Si 25440, Gangwon Do, South Korea.
EM leebs@kitech.re.kr
FU National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) - Korea
government (MSIP) [CRC-15-03-KIMM]
FX This work was supported by the National Research Council of Science &
Technology (NST) grant by the Korea government (MSIP) (No.
CRC-15-03-KIMM).
CR Ahn MK, 2014, MATER LETT, V120, P228, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.01.065
Basalah A, 2012, J BIOMED MATER RES B, V100B, P1970, DOI 10.1002/jbm.b.32764
Chen HJ, 2014, MAT SCI ENG C-MATER, V43, P182, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.026
Chen QZ, 2015, MAT SCI ENG R, V87, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.mser.2014.10.001
y
Hyun SK, 2001, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V299, P241, DOI 10.1016/S0921-
5093(00)01402-7
5093(97)00808-3
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.10.006
Rho JY, 1997, BIOMATERIALS, V18, P1325, DOI 10.1016/S0142-9612(97)00073-2
Schlieter A, 2011, INTERMETALLICS, V19, P327, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.10.012
Stondl A., 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V480, P138
Sun SH, 2015, ACTA MATER, V86, P305, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.11.012
Xue W, 2007, ACTA BIOMATER, V3, P1007, DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.05.009
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 10
U2 35
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD JAN 15
PY 2017
VL 187
BP 64
EP 67
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.10.064
PG 4
GA EF9CL
UT WOS:000390628200017
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Park, HK
Ahn, YK
Lee, BS
Jung, KH
Lee, CW
Kim, HG
AF Park, Hyung Ki
Ahn, Yong Keun
Lee, Byoung Soo
Jung, Kyung Hwan
Lee, Chang Woo
Kim, Hyung Giun
TI Refining effect of electron beam melting on additive manufacturing of
pure titanium products
LA English
DT Article
DE Refining effect; Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Electron beam
melting; Pure Ti
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; IMPLANT APPLICATIONS; TRABECULAR TITANIUM;
ALLOYS
AB The refining effect of electron beam melting (EBM) during the additive
manufacturing of Ti products was studied by comparing unused Grade-2 commercially
pure (CP) Ti powder to an equivalent powder that had been recycled 50 times. The
pre-heating and blasting processes that occur during recycling were found to
degrade the perfectly spherical morphology of the powder, and the concentration of
O and N were also increased by about 15%. This resulted in it changing to a Grade-3
CP Ti powder; however, the purity of the final product was improved to Grade-1 CP
Ti by the slight refining effect of the EBM process.
C1 [Park, Hyung Ki; Ahn, Yong Keun; Lee, Byoung Soo; Jung, Kyung Hwan; Lee, Chang
Woo; Kim, Hyung Giun] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung 25440,
South Korea.
[Jung, Kyung Hwan] KIMM Met 3D Printing Convergence Res Team, Daejeon 34103,
South Korea.
RP Kim, HG (reprint author), Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung
25440, South Korea.
EM hgk@kitech.re.kr
FU National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant by the
Korea government (MSIP) [CRC-15-03-KIMM]
CRC-15-03-KIMM).
CR [Anonymous], F67 ASTM
Calin M, 2013, MAT SCI ENG C-MATER, V33, P875, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2012.11.015
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Dieter GE, 1988, MECH METALLURGY
Emsley J, 2001, NATURES BUILDING BLO
Gibson I., 2015, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURI
Marin E, 2010, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V3, P373, DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2010.02.001
Mitchell A, 1999, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V263, P217, DOI 10.1016/S0921-
5093(98)01177-0
Neikov OD, 2009, HDB NONFERROUS METAL
Shackelford J F, 2005, INTRO MAT SCI ENG
Vutova K, 2010, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V210, P1089, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.02.020
Yamanaka K., 2015, ADDIT MANUF, V8, P105
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 30
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD JAN 15
PY 2017
VL 187
BP 98
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2016.10.065
PG 3
GA EF9CL
UT WOS:000390628200026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, LY
Huang, JC
Lin, CH
Pan, CT
Chen, SY
Yang, TL
Lin, DY
Lin, HK
Jang, JSC
AF Chen, L. Y.
Huang, J. C.
Lin, C. H.
Pan, C. T.
Chen, S. Y.
Yang, T. L.
Lin, D. Y.
Lin, H. K.
Jang, J. S. C.
TI Anisotropic response of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by 3D printing
selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; 3D printing; Ti-6Al-4V; electrochemical
responses; anisotropy
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
CORROSION BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; RESISTANCE
AB The 3D printed bulk samples fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) of the
additive manufacturing technique are usually considered to be 3D isotropic in
microstructures and mechanical responses. This study systematically investigates
the anisotropic responses in terms of hardness and electrochemical resistance for
the X-, Y- and Z-planes of the SLM Ti-6Al-4V bulk samples fabricated with the
zigzag laser path strategy. Results show that all SLM planes exhibit no significant
difference in Young's modulus compared to the mechanically rolled plate. However,
the X-plane, referred to the cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the laser
moving direction, is found similar to 20% lower hardness and the lowest corrosion
resistance compared to the Y- and Z-planes. The underlying reasoning is researched
and discussed. The microstructure observations indicate that artifact holes are
induced in the X-plane due to un-uniform laser intensity distribution between two
neighboring printing lines. Alternatively, the Y- and Z-planes exhibit dense
morphology due to multiple heating while zigzag scanning. Experimental results also
indicate that the SLM materials exhibit higher corrosion resistance than the
commercial rolled materials.
C1 [Chen, L. Y.; Huang, J. C.; Chen, S. Y.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Mat &
Optoelect Sci, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
[Lin, C. H.; Pan, C. T.; Yang, T. L.] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Mech &
Electromech Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
[Lin, D. Y.] Ind Technol Res Inst, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan.
[Lin, H. K.] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Grad Inst Mat Engn, Pingtung
91201, Taiwan.
[Jang, J. S. C.] Natl Cent Univ Taoyuan, Inst Mat Sci & Engn, Dept Mech Engn,
Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan.
RP Huang, JC (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Mat & Optoelect Sci,
Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
EM jacobc@mail.nsysu.edu.tw
RI Pan, CT/E-4776-2013
OI HUANG, Jacob Chih Ching/0000-0001-6843-3396
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, ROC [MOST
103-2218-E-110-011]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the sponsorship from Ministry of
Science and Technology of Taiwan, ROC, under the project No. MOST
103-2218-E-110-011 and the 3D printing support from Industrial
Technology Research Institute (ITRI).
Barnard BR, 2007, MATER TRANS, V48, P1870, DOI 10.2320/matertrans.MJ200744
Bartolomeu F, 2016, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V663, P181, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2016.03.113
da Silva SLR, 1999, SURF COAT TECH, V116, P342, DOI 10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00204-
2
Elias C. N., 2013, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V2, P340, DOI DOI
10.1016/J.JMRT.2013.07.003
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KISSINGER PT, 1983, J CHEM EDUC, V60, P702, DOI 10.1021/ed060p702
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Park SM, 2003, ANAL CHEM, V75, p455A, DOI 10.1021/ac0313973
Pujad M. P., 2012, CARBON NANOTUBES PLA
10.1016/j.msea2013.04.099]
Tan Y. M. R., 2013, HETEROGENEOUS ELECTR
Wang CL, 2010, SCRIPTA MATER, V62, P175, DOI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.10.021
Xiong LS, 2015, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V77, P1, DOI 10.1007/s00170-014-6361-y
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 20
U2 58
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 13
PY 2017
VL 682
BP 389
EP 395
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.11.061
PG 7
GA EJ1XM
UT WOS:000393003800045
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Tabassum, S
Murtaza, A
Ali, H
Uddin, ZM
Zehra, SS
AF Tabassum, Shafia
Murtaza, Ahmar
Ali, Hasan
Uddin, Zia Mohy
Zehra, Syedah Sadaf
BE Brabazon, D
Naher, S
Ahad, IU
TI Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Dental Implant Fixture for Mechanical
Stability and Rapid Osseointegration
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 20TH INTERNATIONAL ESAFORM CONFERENCE ON MATERIAL
FORMING (ESAFORM 2017)
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 20th International ESAFORM Conference on Material Forming
CY APR 26-28, 2017
CL Dublin City Univ, Dublin, IRELAND
SP European Sci Assoc Mat Forming
HO Dublin City Univ
ID SURFACE MODIFICATION; TECHNOLOGIES; TI-6AL-4V
AB For rapid osseointegration of dental implant fixtures, various surface
treatments including plasma spraying, hydroxyapatite coating, acid-etching, and
surface grooving are used. However undesirable effects such as chemical
modifications, loss of mechanical properties, prolonged processing times and post
production treatment steps are often associated with these techniques. The
osseointegration rate of the dental implants can be promoted by increasing the
surface area of the dental implant, thus increasing the bone cells - implant
material contact and allow bone tissues to grow rapidly. Additive Manufacturing
(AM) techniques can be used to fabricate dental implant fixtures with desirable
surface area in a single step manufacturing process. AM allows the use of Computer
Aided Designing (CAD) for customised rapid prototyping of components with precise
control over geometry. In this study, the dental implant fixture that replaces the
tooth root was designed on commercially available software COMSOL. Nickel -
titanium alloy was selected as build materials for dental implant. The geometry of
the dental fixture was varied by changing the interspacing distance (thread pitch)
and number of threads to increase the total surface area. Three different
microstructures were introduced on the surface of dental implant. The designed
models were used to examine the effect of changing geometries on the total surface
area. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed to investigate the effect of
changing geometries on the mechanical properties of the dental implant fixtures
using stress analysis.
C1 [Tabassum, Shafia; Ali, Hasan; Uddin, Zia Mohy] Sir Syed Univ Engn & Technol,
Dept Biomed Engn, Karachi, Pakistan.
[Murtaza, Ahmar] Hamdard Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Karachi, Pakistan.
[Zehra, Syedah Sadaf] Dublin City Univ, Natl Ctr Plasma Sci & Technol, Dublin,
Ireland.
RP Tabassum, S (reprint author), Sir Syed Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Biomed Engn,
Karachi, Pakistan.
EM engineers84@hotmail.com; ahmarmurtaza@yahoo.com
CR Ahad IU, 2016, ACTA PHYS POL A, V129, P241, DOI 10.12693/APhysPolA.129.241
Ahad IU, 2014, ACTA PHYS POL A, V125, P924, DOI 10.12693/APhysPolA.125.924
Ahad I. U., 2014, NUCL INSTRUMENTS M B, V364, P98
Barone S, 2016, INT J INTERACT DES M, V10, P105, DOI 10.1007/s12008-014-0229-0
Bodelon OG, 2016, INT J IMPLANT DENT, V2, DOI 10.1186/s40729-016-0051-5
Chikarakara E, 2015, BIOMED MATER, V10, DOI 10.1088/1748-6041/10/1/015007
Chikarakara E, 2012, SURF COAT TECH, V206, P3223, DOI
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.01.010
Chu PK, 2007, SURF COAT TECH, V201, P8076, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.12.053
Covarrubias C, 2016, APPL SURF SCI, V363, P286, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.022
Fu C., 2016, SURF COATINGS TECHNO
Giro G, 2013, J BIOMED MATER RES A, V101, P98, DOI 10.1002/jbm.a.34304
Halldin A, 2016, CLIN ORAL IMPLAN RES, V27, P22, DOI 10.1111/clr.12507
Hoffmann W, 2014, J TISSUE ENG, V5, DOI 10.1177/2041731414540674
Hyzy SL, 2016, J BIOMED MATER RES A, V104, P2086, DOI 10.1002/jbm.a.35739
Calvo-Guirado JL, 2015, CLIN ORAL INVEST, V19, P509, DOI 10.1007/s00784-014-
1241-2
Tao W., 2016, FLEX AUTOM ISFA INT
Tunchel S, 2016, INT J DENT, DOI 10.1155/2016/8590971
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1580-5
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2017
VL 1896
AR UNSP 040016-1
DI 10.1063/1.5008042
PG 6
GA BJ2RH
UT WOS:000419825000085
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Klimenov, V
Klopotov, A
Fedorov, V
Abzaev, Y
Batranin, A
Kurgan, K
Kairalapov, D
AF Klimenov, Vasilii
Klopotov, Anatolii
Fedorov, Vasilii
Abzaev, Yurii
Batranin, Andrey
Kurgan, Kirill
Kairalapov, Daniyar
BE Panin, VE
Psakhie, SG
Fomin, VM
TI Structure and Properties of Parts Produced by Electron-Beam Additive
Manufacturing
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS WITH
HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND RELIABLE STRUCTURES 2017
(AMHS'17)
LA English
CT International Conference on Advanced Materials with Hierarchical
Structure for New Technologies and Reliable Structures (AMHS)
CY OCT 09-13, 2017
CL Tomsk, RUSSIA
SP Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Strength Phys & Mat Sci, Fed Agcy Sci
Org, Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Theoret & Appl Mech, Russian Acad Sci,
Siberian Branch, Lavrentyev Inst Hydrodynam, Russian Acad Sci, Inst Met Superplast
Problems, Natl Res Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Natl Res Tomsk State Univ, Russian Acad
Sci, UrB, Inst Continuous Media Mech, Russian Acad Sci, UrB, Inst Mech Engn Sci,
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Problems Chem & Energy Technologies,
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Petr Chem, Tech Univ Berlin, Univ
Stuttgart, Techn Inst Technol
AB The paper deals with the study of structure, microstructure, composition and
microhardness of a tube processed by electron-beam additive manufacturing using
optical and scanning electron microscopy. The structure and macrodefects of a tube
made of Grade2 titanium alloy is studied using the X-ray computed tomography. The
principles of layer-by-layer assembly and boundaries after powder sintering are set
out in this paper. It is found that the titanium alloy has two phases. Future work
will involve methods to improve properties of created parts.
C1 [Klimenov, Vasilii; Klopotov, Anatolii; Abzaev, Yurii; Kurgan, Kirill] Tomsk
State Univ Architecture & Bldg, Tomsk 634003, Russia.
[Klimenov, Vasilii; Fedorov, Vasilii; Kairalapov, Daniyar] Natl Res Tomsk
Polytech Univ, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Klopotov, Anatolii] Natl Res Tomsk State Univ, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Batranin, Andrey] Natl Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Nondestruct Testing, Tomsk
634050, Russia.
RP Klimenov, V (reprint author), Tomsk State Univ Architecture & Bldg, Tomsk
634003, Russia.; Klimenov, V (reprint author), Natl Res Tomsk Polytech Univ, Tomsk
634050, Russia.
EM klimenov@tpu.ru; klopotovaa@tsuab.ru; fedorov.tomsk@ya.ru;
abzaev2010@yandex.ru; batranin@gmail.com; kirill_k2.777@mail.ru;
kairalapovd@gmail.com
CR Akhmetshin R. G., 2016, KEY ENG MAT SCI J AD, V712, P246
Batranin AV, 2013, APPL MECH MATER, V379, P3, DOI
Kamyshanchenko N. V., 2010, SCI B BELGOROD ST MP, V11, P78
Klimenov V. A., 2014, RESHETNEVS READINGS, P296
Klopotov A. A., 2012, PRINCIPLES XRAY DIFF
Kornilov SY, 2009, INSTRUM EXP TECH+, V52, P406, DOI 10.1134/S002044120903018X
Mirzaev D. A., 1982, TITANIUM ALLOYS SPEC, P43
Murr L. E., 2012, METALLOGR MICROSTRUC, V1
Razin A, 2016, AIP CONF PROC, V1783, DOI 10.1063/1.4966484
Weglowski MS, 2016, VACUUM, V130, P72, DOI 10.1016/j.vacuum.2016.05.004
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI MELVILLE
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1601-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2017
VL 1909
AR UNSP 020085-1
DI 10.1063/1.5013766
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BJ2RI
UT WOS:000419830800085
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Brusa, E
Sesana, R
Ossola, E
AF Brusa, Eugenio
Sesana, Raffaella
Ossola, Enrico
BE Iacoviello, F
Moreira, PMGP
Tavares, PJS
TI Numerical modeling and testing of mechanical behavior of AM Titanium
alloy bracket for aerospace applications
SO 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY, ICSI 2017
SE Procedia Structural Integrity
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Structural Integrity (ICSI)
CY SEP 04-07, 2017
CL Funchal, PORTUGAL
SP Portuguese Spanish & Italian Grp Fracture
DE Finite Element Method (FEM); additive manufacturing; stress analysis;
Titanium alloy
ID LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB A key issue in designing a new product made through the Additive Manufacturing
(AM) is the prediction of mechanical properties of material. Several experimental
results show that AM-based products are often affected by widespread porosity, low
density regions within their volume and anisotropy. Those effects are due to the
manufacturing process, despite of efforts spent to improve the process parameters.
This paper presents the numerical modelling of a geometrically complex structural
bracket for aerospace application, which was re-designed through a topological
optimization and produced in Ti-6Al-4V by means of the AM. The design activity
herein described required to resort to a suitable model of constitutive properties
of material by facing the problem of a large number of porosity/low density areas,
as detected by a tomographic analysis of the mechanical component. According to
some references an equivalent isotropic and homogeneous model of material was
applied. Nevertheless the limitations of that approach were investigated through a
validation of the numerical model and a testing activity. It was demonstrated that
the Finite Element model based upon the assumptions of homogeneous and isotropic
material might be effective in predicting the material and component strength, at
least in static design, but even in case of design against fatigue, provided that a
suitable experimental characterization of material was performed. The procedure of
optimization was then assessed and compared to some preliminary tests performed on
the real component, thus providing a preliminary good practice to the industrial
partner involved in this research activity. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by
Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brusa, Eugenio; Sesana, Raffaella; Ossola, Enrico] Politecn Torino, DIMEAS,
Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Sesana, R (reprint author), Politecn Torino, DIMEAS, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-
10129 Turin, Italy.
EM raffaella.sesana@polito.it
CR [Anonymous], 1993, E8 ASTM
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
Cameron D. W., 1996, ASM HDB, V19, P15
Collings E. W., 1994, MAT PROPERTIES HDB T
Edwards P., 2013, J MANUFACTURING SCI, V135
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
Qingcheng Yang, 2016, Additive Manufacturing, V12, P169, DOI
10.1016/j.addma.2016.06.012
Romano J, 2015, PROCEDIA MANUF, V1, P238, DOI 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.09.012
Stigliani C., 2016, P INCOSE C SYST ENG, V1728
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2452-3216
J9 PROCEDIA STRUCT INTE
PY 2017
VL 5
BP 753
EP 760
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.166
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Biomedical;
Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA BJ2EE
UT WOS:000419177800100
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Jovanova, J
Frecker, M
AF Jovanova, Jovana
Frecker, Mary
GP ASME
TI TWO STAGE DESIGN OF COMPLIANT MECHANISMS WITH SUPERELASTIC COMPLIANT
JOINTS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE
STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2017, VOL 2
SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive
Structures and Intelligent Systems
LA English
CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent
Systems (SMASIS 2017)
CY SEP 18-20, 2017
CL Snowbird, UT
SP ASME, Aerosp Div
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED STRUCTURES; TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION; MULTIPLE
MATERIALS
AB The design of compliant mechanisms made of Nickel Titanium (NiTi) Shape Memory
Alloys (SMAs) is considered to exploit the superelastic behavior of the material to
achieve tailored high flexibility on demand. This paper focuses on two stage design
optimization of compliant mechanisms, as a systematic method for design of the
composition of the functionally graded NiTi material within the compliant mechanism
devices. The location, as well as geometric and mechanical properties, of zones of
high and low flexibility will be selected to maximize mechanical performance. The
proposed two-stage optimization procedure combines the optimization of an
analytical model of a single-piece functionally graded unit, with a detailed FEA of
a continuous compliant mechanism. In the first stage, a rigid-link model is
developed to initially approximate the behavior of the compliant mechanism.
In the second stage the solution of the rigid-link problem serves as the
starting point for a continuous analytical model where the mechanism consists of
zones with different material properties and geometry, followed by a detailed FEA
of a compliant mechanism with integrated zones of superelasticity.
The two-stage optimization is a systematic approach for compliant mechanism
design with functional grading of the material to exploit superelastic response in
controlled manner. Direct energy-deposition, as an additive manufacturing
technology, is foreseen to fabricate assemblies with multiple single piece
functional graded components. This method could be applied to bio-inspired
structures, flapping wings, flexible adaptive structures and origami inspired
compliant mechanisms.
C1 [Jovanova, Jovana] Ss Cyril & Methodlus Univ Skopje, Fac Mech Engn, Skopje,
Macedonia.
[Frecker, Mary] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802
USA.
RP Jovanova, J (reprint author), Ss Cyril & Methodlus Univ Skopje, Fac Mech Engn,
Skopje, Macedonia.
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10.1016/j.cma.2013.07.003
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Yin L, 2001, STRUCT MULTIDISCIP O, V23, P49, DOI 10.1007/s00158-001-0165-z
Zhou H., 2009, J MECH DESIGN, V131
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 2153-2001
BN 978-0-7918-5826-4
J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART
PY 2017
AR UNSP V002T03A019
PG 9
GA BJ1XM
UT WOS:000418393200019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Manfredi, D
Bidulsky, R
AF Manfredi, Diego
Bidulsky, Robert
TI LASER POWDER BED FUSION OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SLOVACA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive Manufacturing; Laser Powder Bed Fusion; Aluminium Alloys
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; POROSITY; ALSI10MG; ECAP
AB The aim of this study is to analyze and to summarize the results of the
processing of aluminum alloys, and in particular of the Al-Si-Mg alloys, by means
of the Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique defined as Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-
PBF). This process is gaining interest worldwide thanks to the possibility of
obtaining a freeform fabrication coupled with high mechanical strength and hardness
related to a very fine microstructure. L-PBF is very complex from a physical point
of view, due to the extremely rapid interaction between a concentrated laser source
and micrometric metallic powders. This generate very fast melting and subsequent
solidification on each layer and on the previously consolidated substrate. The
effects of the main process variables on the microstructure and mechanical
properties of the final parts are analyzed: from the starting powder properties,
such as shape and powder size distribution, to the main process parameters, such as
laser power, scanning speed and scanning strategy. Furthermore, some examples of
applications for the AlSi10Mg alloy are illustrated.
C1 [Manfredi, Diego] Ist Italiano Tecnol, PoliTo, CSFT, Cso Trento 21, I-10129
Turin, Italy.
[Bidulsky, Robert] Tech Univ Kosice, European Powder Met R&D Ctr, Kosice,
Slovakia.
RP Manfredi, D (reprint author), Ist Italiano Tecnol, PoliTo, CSFT, Cso Trento 21,
I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM diego.manfredi@iit.it
FU VEGA [1/0732/16]
FX Authors are grateful for the support of experimental works by project
VEGA 1/0732/16.
CR [Anonymous], 1990, ASM HDB, V2
Aumund-Kopp C., 2016, P FRAUNH DIR DIG MAN
Bidulska J, 2013, ARCH METALL MATER, V58, P371, DOI 10.2478/amm-2013-0002
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Bidulska J, 2011, CHEM LISTY, V105, pS471
Cabrini M, 2016, ELECTROCHIM ACTA, V206, P346, DOI
10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.157
Calignano F, 2017, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V88, P451, DOI 10.1007/s00170-016-8788-
9
Calignano F, 2014, MATER DESIGN, V64, P203, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.043
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4688-9
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070115-032024
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3478-7
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ROBOTICS (ICAR), P123, DOI 10.1109/ICAR.2015.7251444
Weingarten C, 2015, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V221, P112, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.02.013
Wohlers Report, 2017, ADD MAN 3D PRINT STA
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TECHNICKA UNIV V KOSICIACH & HUTNICKA FAKULTA
PI KOSICE
PA LETNA 9, KOSICE, 04200, SLOVAKIA
SN 1335-1532
EI 1338-1156
J9 ACTA METALL SLOVACA
JI Acta Metall. Slovaca
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 3
BP 276
EP 282
DI 10.12776/ams.v23i3.988
PG 7
GA FQ8IJ
UT WOS:000418606000011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
Akinlabi, Esther T.
TI Scanning Speed Influence on the Microstructure and Micro hardness
Properties of Titanium Alloy Produced by Laser Metal Deposition Process
SO MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
LA English
CT 6th International Conference on Materials Processing and
Characterization (ICMPC)
CY DEC 05-07, 2016
CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
DE Laser Metal Deposition; Titanium Alloy; Microhardness; Microstructural
Characterization; Scanning speed
AB Ti6Al4V is an important automobile and aerospace alloy because of its excellent
properties, but it is challenging to process this material through the conventional
manufacturing processes. Laser metal deposition process which is an additive
manufacturing technologies an alternative manufacturing process that offers lots of
advantages for processing difficult to manufacture materials like titanium and its
alloys. Laser metal deposition process has the ability to improve the properties of
materials and also improve the fuel efficiency of moving parts by making them
lighter and hence help to reduce the carbon foot printing in the transportation
industry. Laser metal deposition process (LMD) is fairly new and some of the
process physics still needs to be understood. In this study, the effect of scanning
speed on the resulting metallurgical and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V powder
deposited using LMD was studied. Ti6Al4V powder was deposited coaxially with a 4.0
Kw Rofin Sinar Nd: YAG laser on Ti6Al4V substrate. The laser power, powder flow
rate and gas flow rate were kept constant while the scanning speed was varied
between 0.005 and 0.095m/sec. The microstructures of the samples were studied using
the optical microscope and the micro hardness was also measured using the Vickers
hardness tester. The properties of the deposited samples were studied with the
varying scanning speed. The micro hardness was found to increase with the increase
in the scanning speed (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mahamood, Rasheedat M.; Akinlabi, Esther T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn
Sci, Kingsway Campus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Mahamood, Rasheedat M.] Univ Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin, Nigeria.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, Kingsway
Campus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.; Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ
Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin, Nigeria.
FU University research council grant; L'Oreal- UNESCO for Women in Science
FX This work was supported by University research council grant and
L'Oreal- UNESCO for Women in Science.
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[Anonymous], 2011, E311 ASTM INT BOOK S, V03
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10.1243/PIME_PROC_1990_204_047_02
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V3, P9, DOI 10.1007/s40516-015-0020-5
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Mahamood R. M., 2013, INT MULT ENG COMP SC, P994
Mahamood R. M., 2016, ADV INTELLIGENT SYST, V490
10.1243/09544054JEM1008
Pityana S., 2013, INT MULT C ENG COMP, P848
Richter E, 2004, P 23 INT C APPL LAS
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
JI Mater. Today-Proc.
PY 2017
VL 4
IS 4
BP 5206
EP 5214
PN D
PG 9
GA FO0RQ
UT WOS:000416455200004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Lykov, PA
Baitimerov, R
Panfilov, AV
Guz, AO
AF Lykov, P. A.
Baitimerov, Rm
Panfilov, A. V.
Guz, A. O.
GP IOP
TI The manufacturing of TiAl6V4 implants using selective laser melting
technology
SO 2017 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON STRUCTURAL, MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS
ENGINEERING (ICSMME 2017)
SE IOP Conference Series-Materials Science and Engineering
LA English
CT International Conference on Structural, Mechanical and Materials
Engineering (ICSMME)
CY JUL 13-15, 2017
CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA
SP Incheon Natl Univ, Incheon Disaster Prevent Res Ctr, Incheon Natl Univ
ID ALLOY
AB In this article we study the technique for creating medical implants using
additive technologies. A plastic skull model was made. The affected part of the
skull was identified and removed. An implant was made of titanium alloy. The
implant was installed in the model skull.
C1 [Lykov, P. A.; Baitimerov, Rm; Panfilov, A. V.] South Ural State Univ, Lenin Ave
74, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
[Guz, A. O.] GBUZ Chelyabinsk Reg Clin Oncol Ctr, Bluhera St 42, Chelyabinsk,
Russia.
RP Lykov, PA (reprint author), South Ural State Univ, Lenin Ave 74, Chelyabinsk,
Russia.
FU Russian Federation [MK-1881.2017.8]
FX This research was financially supported by a grant of the President of
the Russian Federation (No. MK-1881.2017.8).
CR Armencea Gabriel, 2015, Clujul Med, V88, P408, DOI 10.15386/cjmed-479
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10.1080/09537287.2016.1199824
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10.1080/17452759.2015.1026045
You J, 2015, CHINESE J BIOMED ENG, V34, P315, DOI 10.3969/j.issn.0258-
8021.2015.03.008
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PY 2017
VL 248
AR UNSP 012004
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/248/1/012004
PG 5
GA BJ1DR
UT WOS:000417431700004
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammadhosseini, A
Masood, SH
Fraser, D
Jahedi, M
Gulizia, S
AF Mohammadhosseini, Afshin
Masood, S. H.
Fraser, Darren
Jahedi, Mahnaz
Gulizia, Stefan
TI Flexural Behaviour of titanium cellular structures produced by Electron
Beam Melting
LA English
CT International Conference on Advancements in Aeromechanical Materials for
Manufacturing (ICAAMM)
CY 2016
CL MLR Inst Technol, Hyderabad, INDIA
HO MLR Inst Technol
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron Beam Melting (EBM); Ti6Al4V; Cellular
structure; Flexural properties; Elastic Modulus; Density
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; BONE INGROWTH; TI6AL4V; FABRICATION
AB This paper investigates the flexural behavior of a wide range of rectangular
cellular structures of titanium alloy built by Electron Beam Melting additive
manufacturing technology. The structures are of identical overall dimensions but
built with different unit cell geometry and using the same unit cell size. This has
resulted in creation of cellular structures with different relative densities,
different masses, and different flexural properties. The basic geometry of such
cellular structures were defined by the Magics structures module software supplied
by Materialie. Such structures have applications in biomedical implant
manufacturing and in energy absorption devices. Three point bending tests were used
to study the flexural properties of stress-strain, modulus, relative density and
strain energy. Results show that among the seven types of cellular structures
studied, the G3 structure and Dode-thick structure provide best values of flexural
properties. The properties of these titanium structures can be compared with the
properties of bones to develop bone implants and the results presented here can be
used to develop scaling factors for future structures. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Mohammadhosseini, Afshin; Masood, S. H.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Mech &
Prod Design Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Fraser, Darren; Jahedi, Mahnaz; Gulizia, Stefan] CSIRO, Melbourne, Vic 3169,
Australia.
RP Masood, SH (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Mech & Prod Design
Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
FU Victorian Direct Manufacturing Centre (VDMC); Camplex Pty Ltd
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Victorian Direct Manufacturing
Centre (VDMC), Camplex Pty Ltd for their financial support to this
project and also the High Performance Metal Industries Program in the
Manufacturing Flagship within Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organisation (CSIRO).
CR Cansizoglu O, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V492, P468, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2008.04.002
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.01.020
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10.1002/jbm.a.31468
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10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.10.006
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Wiria F.E., 2013, MATER DESIGN, V31, pS101
Xiong YY, 2012, DENT MATER J, V31, P815, DOI 10.4012/dmj.2012-065
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2017
VL 4
IS 8
BP 8260
EP 8268
PG 9
GA FO1MR
UT WOS:000416526300127
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kapil, S
Legesse, F
Kumar, R
Karunakaran, KP
AF Kapil, Sajan
Legesse, Fisseha
Kumar, Ranjeet
Karunakaran, K. P.
TI Hybrid Layered Manufacturing of Turbine Blades
LA English
CY 2016
HO MLR Inst Technol
DE Rapid Manufacturing; Hybrid Layered Manufacturing; Additive
Manufacturing; 3D Printing; TIG/MIG Cladding
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; FREEFORM FABRICATION; OPTIMIZATION; PART;
ALLOYS; ART
AB Hybrid Layered Manufacturing (HLM) is a Rapid Manufacturing (RM) process of
metallic objects, which combines the best features of additive and subtractive
manufacturing techniques. Similar to other RM processes, HLM also proceeds in the
layer by layer manner. 3D CAD model is sliced into thin 2D layers and the tool
pathsaregenerated for each layer. The deposition of metal according to the
generated tool path can be done using a Metal Inert gas (MIG), Tungsten Inert gas
(TIG) and LASER cladding process. The different characteristics of these three
cladding methods such as speed, precision and cost, make them useful for different
applications. After the deposition of near net shape, the machining process is used
to provide the final dimensional accuracy. So far Aluminium, Mild steel and Tool
steels have been used for HLM process andother super alloys such as Titanium and
Inconelwill be explored soon. The process parameters such as cladding current,
stepover and torch speed have been optimized to achieve the desired thickness of
the layers and spatter free cladding. Several build strategies have been developed
and incorporated through an in-house build software. One of the strategy called
integrated substrate method, found its application in the manufacturing of turbine
blades, ribs, and spar/bulkhead structures of aircrafts. In this work this strategy
has been explained and its capability has been proved through the manufacturing of
turbine blade as a case study. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kapil, Sajan] Indian Inst Technol, Mech Engn Dept, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
RP Kapil, S (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Mech Engn Dept, Mumbai,
Maharashtra, India.
EM kapil.sajan17@gmail.com
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.05.014
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0136(01)00652-5
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.08.012
Horii T, 2008, INTERMETALLICS, V16, P1245, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2008.07.009
Horii T, 2009, MATER DESIGN, V30, P1093, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2008.06.033
Hu DM, 2003, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V43, P51, DOI 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00163-3
Karunakaran KP, 2009, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V45, P690, DOI 10.1007/s00170-009-
2002-2
Karunakaran KP, 2000, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V105, P371, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(00)00586-0
Klingbeil NW, 2002, INT J MECH SCI, V44, P57, DOI 10.1016/S0020-7403(01)00084-4
Kobryn P, 2002, 6 JOINT FAA NASA AG
Li P, 2007, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V47, P996, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.06.017
Song YA, 2006, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V171, P35, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.06.062
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.11.021
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.11.022
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10.1016/j.cad.2011.01.006
Taylor JB, 2001, ROBOT CIM-INT MANUF, V17, P13, DOI 10.1016/S0736-5845(00)00032-
6
Wang L, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V474, P148, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.04.119
Wanjara P, 2007, MATER DESIGN, V28, P2278, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.08.008
Xiong XH, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P124, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.01.059
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2017
VL 4
IS 8
BP 8837
EP 8847
PG 11
GA FO1MR
UT WOS:000416526300193
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Srinivas, M
Babu, BS
AF Srinivas, M.
Babu, B. Sridhar
TI A Critical Review on Recent Research Methodologies in Additive
Manufacturing
LA English
CY 2016
HO MLR Inst Technol
DE Additive manufacturing; laser and electron-beam melting processes;
Direct Laser Deposition; Electron beam welding; laser melting process;
residual stress reduction
AB In view of the significant increase in research activity and publications in
additive manufacturing in the last few years, the present article is an attempt to
identify and highlight the topics that are most relevant to additive manufacturing
systems and review representative journal publications that are related to these
topics. A critical review of the reported studies in the area of titanium and
aluminium alloys along with Fe-Al intermetallics in temperature distribution and
melt geometry in various melting processes, Laser Deposition for additive
manufacturing, selective laser melting process, in-situ alloy formation and
residual stress reduction, Weak support material techniques, wire-arc additive
manufacturing process, control of remelting in high-energy beam additive
manufacturing, Evaluations of effective thermal conductivity of support structures
in selective laser melting, Crack propagation and fracture toughness behaviours,
Effects of build orientation and heat treatment on the microstructure and
mechanical properties, Flexural properties, mechanical properties, High Speed
Sintering, Thermal behaviour, Light curing strategies and with an emphasis on the
recent works published since last two years. Because of the extensive growth in the
body of knowledge in additive manufacturing in the past years, The review is
limited to a manageable level by concentrating on temperature & thermal
distribution, thermal conductivity, residual stress reduction, Metallurgy of
additive manufacturing, Crack propagation and fracture toughness. This review is
intended to provide a feel for the variety of studies and applications related to
additive manufacturing. An effort has been made here, to include all the important
contributions in the current area of interest. The critical areas regarding future
research needs for the successful implementation of additive manufacturing in
design are outlined in the conclusion. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Srinivas, M.; Babu, B. Sridhar] CMR Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hyderabad,
Telengana, India.
RP Babu, BS (reprint author), CMR Inst Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hyderabad,
Telengana, India.
EM srinivasmantravadi@hotmail.com
OI B, Sridhar Babu/0000-0002-3721-813X
CR Aboulkhair Nesma T., REDUCING POROSITY AL
Cain V., KNUTSEN CRACK PROPAG
Gockel Joy, INTEGRATED CONTROL S
Gong Haijun, ANAL DEFECT GENERATI
Heigel J. C., THERMO MECH MODEL DE
Li Yali, THERMAL BEHAV SELECT
Ma Yan, EFFECT INTERPASS TEM
Murr L. E., METALLURGY ADDITIVE
Prashanth K. G., PRODUCTION HIGH STRE
Shen Chen, FABRICATION IRON RIC
Vora Pratik, ALSI12 IN SITU ALLOY
Wauthle Ruben, EFFECTS BUILD ORIENT
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2017
VL 4
IS 8
BP 9049
EP 9059
PG 11
GA FO1MR
UT WOS:000416526300217
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shunmugavel, M
Polishetty, A
Goldberg, M
Singh, R
Littlefair, G
AF Shunmugavel, Manikandakumar
Polishetty, Ashwin
Goldberg, Moshe
Singh, Rajkumar
Littlefair, Guy
TI A comparative study of mechanical properties and machinability of
wrought and additive manufactured (selective laser melting) titanium
alloy - Ti-6Al-4V
SO RAPID PROTOTYPING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced manufacturing technologies; Selective laser sintering;
Machining
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS; POWDER
AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study and compare the mechanical
properties and machinability characteristics of additive manufactured titanium
alloy Ti-6Al-4V with conventionally produced wrought titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V. The
difference in mechanical properties such as yield strength, ultimate tensile
strength, micro hardness, percentage of elongation and their effect on
machinability characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness are
studied. It was found that higher strength and hardness of SLM Ti-6Al-4V compared
to wrought Ti-6Al-4V owing to its peculiar acicular microstructure significantly
affected the cutting forces and surface roughness. High cutting forces and low
surface roughness were observed during machining of additive manufactured
components compared to its wrought counterpart because of their difference in
strength, hardness and ductility.
Design/methodology/approach - Mechanical properties like yield strength,
ultimate tensile strength, hardness and percentage of elongation and machinability
characteristics like cutting forces and surface roughness were studied for both
wrought and additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.
Findings - Mechanical properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength
and hardness were higher for additive manufactured components as compared to the
wrought component. However additive manufactured components significantly lacked in
ductility as compared to the wrought parts. Concerning machining, higher cutting
forces and lower surface roughness were observed in additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
compared to the wrought part as a result of differences in mechanical properties of
these differently processed materials.
Originality/value - This paper, for the first time, discusses the machining
capabilities of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V.
C1 [Shunmugavel, Manikandakumar; Polishetty, Ashwin; Goldberg, Moshe; Littlefair,
Guy] Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Geelong, Vic, Australia.
[Singh, Rajkumar] Bharat Forge, Kalyani Ctr Technol & Innovat, Pune,
Maharashtra, India.
RP Shunmugavel, M (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Geelong, Vic, Australia.
EM mshunmug@deakin.edu.au
FU Deakin University, Australia; Kalyani Center for Technology and
Innovation, Bharat Forge, Pune
FX The authors would like to thank Deakin University, Australia, and
Kalyani Center for Technology and Innovation, Bharat Forge, Pune, for
their research and financial support.
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P525, DOI 10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63240-5
5093(97)00810-1
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8506(07)61592-3
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Machining Processes, V3, P50, DOI 10.4018/IJMFMP.2016070103
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10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.086
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NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BINGLEY
PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
J9 RAPID PROTOTYPING J
JI Rapid Prototyping J.
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1051
EP 1056
DI 10.1108/RPJ-08-2015-0105
PG 6
GA FO2AN
UT WOS:000416572700009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, R. M.
Akinlabi, E. T.
TI Laser Power and Powder flow rate influence on the metallurgy and
microhardness of Laser metal Deposited Titanium alloy
LA English
CT 5th International Conference on Materials Processing and
Characterization (ICMPC)
CY MAR 12-13, 2016
CL Gokaraju Rangaraju Inst Engn & Technol, Hyderabad, INDIA
HO Gokaraju Rangaraju Inst Engn & Technol
DE additive manufacturing; laser metal deposition process; microhardness;
microstructure; titanium alloy
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; COATINGS
AB The effect of laser power and powder flow rate on properties of laser metal
deposited titanium alloy-Ti6Al4V was studied. The laser power was varied between
1.8 kW and 3.0 kW and the powder flow rate was varied between 2.88 g/min and 5.67
g/min. The study showed that as the laser power was increased or the powder flow
rate was decreased, there was an increase in the production of Widmastatten alpha
structure that results in low microhardness, while at a very low laser power or
higher powder flow rate, more of martensitic alpha structure are observed that
results in high microhardness. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mahamood, R. M.; Akinlabi, E. T.] Univ Johannesburg, APK Campus,Auckland Pk,
ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Mahamood, R. M.] Univ Roa, Univ Ilorin, Ilorin 23400005, Nigeria.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, APK Campus,Auckland Pk, ZA-
2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.; Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Roa, Univ
Ilorin, Ilorin 23400005, Nigeria.
FU National Laser Centre - Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
(NLC-CSIR), Pretoria South Africa; Unesco-Loreal for Women in Science
FX This work is supported by the Rental Pool Grant of the National Laser
Centre - Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NLC-CSIR),
Pretoria South Africa and The Unesco-Loreal for Women in Science.
CR Akinlabi E. T., 2012, WORLD ACAD SCI TECHN, V6, P58
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM), 2011, E38411E1 ASTM
Das M, 2011, SURF COAT TECH, V205, P4366, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.03.027
0136(96)00030-1
Gao SY, 2007, ACTA METALL SIN, V20, P171
Kusmoko A., 2013, ADV MAT MANUFACTURIN, V3, P469
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V3, P9, DOI 10.1007/s40516-015-0020-5
Mahamood RM, 2014, IAENG TRANSACTIONS ON ENGINEERING SCIENCES, P331
Mahamood R. M., 2013, IMECS 2013
Mahamood R. M., 2012, WCECS, V3, P1433
Mahamood R. M., 2014, WCECS, P965
Nasiri-Abarbekoh H, 2012, MATER DESIGN, V37, P223, DOI
10.1016/j.matdes.2011.12.040
10.1243/09544054JEM1008
Shukla M., 2012, WORLD ACAD SCI TECHN, V6, P44
Taylor B., 2008, METALLOGRAPHIC PREPA
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2017
VL 4
IS 2
BP 3678
EP 3684
PN A
PG 7
GA FG8MH
UT WOS:000410686300128
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zanetti, EM
Aldieri, A
Terzini, M
Cali, M
Franceschini, G
Bignardi, C
AF Zanetti, Elisabetta M.
Aldieri, Alessandra
Terzini, Mara
Cali, Michele
Franceschini, Giordano
Bignardi, Cristina
TI Additively manufactured custom load-bearing implantable devices: grounds
for caution
SO AUSTRALASIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; fast prototyping; orthopaedic implants;
orthodontic implants; prostheses; fatigue resistance
ID TOTAL HIP STEMS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPRESSION FATIGUE; LASER;
TITANIUM; ARTHROPLASTY; TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY; PROSTHESES; BEHAVIOR
AB Background
Additive manufacturing technologies are being enthusiastically adopted by the
orthopaedic community since they are providing new perspectives and new
possibilities. First applications were finalised for educational purposes, pre-
operative planning, and design of surgical guides; recent applications also
encompass the production of implantable devices where 3D printing can bring
substantial benefits such as customization, optimization, and manufacturing of very
complex geometries. The conceptual smoothness of the whole process may lead to the
idea that any medical practitioner can use a 3D printer and her/his imagination to
design and produce novel products for personal or commercial use.
Aims
Outlining how the whole process presents more than one critical aspects, still
demanding further research in order to allow a safe application of this technology
for fully-custom design, in particular confining attention to
orthopaedic/orthodontic prostheses defined as components responding mainly to a
structural function.
Methods
Current knowledge of mechanical properties of additively manufactured components
has been examined along with reasons why the behaviour of these components might
differ from traditionally manufactured components. The structural information still
missing for mechanical design is outlined.
Results Mechanical properties of additively manufactured components are not
completely known, and especially fatigue limit needs to be examined further.
Conclusion
At the present stage, with reference to load-bearing implants subjected to many
loading cycles, the indication of custom-made additively manufactured medical
devices should be restricted to the cases with no viable alternative.
C1 [Zanetti, Elisabetta M.; Franceschini, Giordano] Univ Perugia, Dept Engn, Via
Duranti 67, I-06125 Perugia, PG, Italy.
[Aldieri, Alessandra; Terzini, Mara; Bignardi, Cristina] Politecn Torino, Dept
Mech & Aerosp Engn, Turin, Italy.
[Cali, Michele] Univ Catania, Dept Elect Engn Elect & Comp, Catania, Italy.
RP Zanetti, EM (reprint author), Univ Perugia, Dept Engn, Via Duranti 67, I-06125
Perugia, PG, Italy.
EM elisabetta.zanetti@unipg.it
RI Zanetti, Elisabetta/L-5432-2013
OI Zanetti, Elisabetta/0000-0003-4121-6126
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NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AUSTRALASIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL PTY LTD
PI PERTH
PA HILLARYS, GPO BOX 367, PERTH, WA 6923, AUSTRALIA
SN 1836-1935
J9 AUSTRALAS MED J
JI Australas. Med. J.
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 8
BP 694
EP 700
DI 10.21767/AMJ.2017.3093
PG 7
WC Medicine, General & Internal
SC General & Internal Medicine
GA FH5OZ
UT WOS:000411218100006
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Martinez, E
Gonzalez-Estrada, O
Martinez, A
AF Martinez, Elkin
Gonzalez-Estrada, Octavio
Martinez, Alejandro
TI Evaluation of the tribological properties of metal matrix composite
materials (MMCs) obtained by additive manufacturing using selective
laser melting (SLM)
SO UIS INGENIERIAS
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE Pin-on-disk test; Friction coefficient; Wear rate; Metal matrix
composites (MMCs); Additive Manufacturing (AM); Selective Laser Melting
(SLM); Worn surface
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STAINLESS-STEEL;
DENSIFICATION BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER; PERFORMANCE; PRODUCTS;
COATINGS; ALLOYS
AB The mechanical and tribological properties of steel matrix composites (316L
stainless steel reinforced with Cr3C2 ceramic particles) were investigated. The
steel matrix composites (SMC) with three reinforcing percentages (3, 6, and 9 wt.%)
were manufactured by Additive Manufacturing technologies (SLM: Selective Laser
Melting). The wear behaviour was studied by using a pin-on-disk wear test at room
temperature. The worn surface was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM). The results indicated that the friction coefficient does not have a clear
tendency or direct correlation with the reinforcement variation while the wear rate
decreases with increasing content of reinforcement. The better properties
combination were achieved with 6 wt.% of reinforcement.
C1 [Martinez, Elkin] AIDIMME, Inst Tecnol Met Mecn Mueble Madera Embalaje & Afi,
Valencia, Spain.
[Gonzalez-Estrada, Octavio] Univ Ind Santander, Sch Mech Engn, Ciudad Univ,
Bucaramanga, Colombia.
[Martinez, Alejandro] Univ Santander, Grp Nuevas Tecnol, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
RP Martinez, E (reprint author), AIDIMME, Inst Tecnol Met Mecn Mueble Madera
Embalaje & Afi, Valencia, Spain.
EM elkin.martinez@aidimme.es; agonzale@uis.edu.co; alejandrom@udes.edu.co
CR Amato KN, 2012, ACTA MATER, V60, P2229, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.12.032
[Anonymous], 2016, G99052016 ASTM INT
[Anonymous], F279210 ASTM INT
10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.021
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2009.06.012
Hedberg YS, 2014, DENT MATER, V30, P525, DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2014.02.008
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10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.07.034
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.04.117
10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.023
RAJPOOT Shalini, 2013, THESIS
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NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV INDUSTRIAL SANTANDER
PI SANTANDER
PA CIUDAD UNIV, CARRERA 27, CALLE 9, SANTANDER, BUCARAMANGA 00000, COLOMBIA
SN 1657-4583
J9 UIS ING
JI UIS Ing.
PD JAN-JUN
PY 2017
VL 16
IS 1
BP 101
EP 113
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA FH5WX
UT WOS:000411243700010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Bonaiti, G
Parenti, P
Annoni, M
Kapoor, S
AF Bonaiti, Giuseppe
Parenti, Paolo
Annoni, Massimiliano
Kapoor, Shiv
BE Wang, L
Fratini, L
Shih, AJ
TI Micro-milling machinability of DED additive titanium Ti-6Al-4V
SO 45TH SME NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURING RESEARCH CONFERENCE (NAMRC 45)
SE Procedia Manufacturing
LA English
CT 45th SME North American Manufacturing Research Conference (NAMRC)
CY JUN 04-08, 2017
CL Univ Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
SP Soc Mfg Engineers
HO Univ Southern California
DE Machinability; Titanium alloys; Micro-milling; Additive manufacturing;
Laser Engineered Net Shaping
ID ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI6AL4V
AB This work investigates the micro-milling machinability of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
produced by a Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) additive manufacturing (AM)
process with a specific focus on surface quality, cutting forces and burr
formation. The effects of additive deposition parameters are also investigated
since the material thermal history during processing can affect porosity and
mechanical behavior of the samples, giving different milling performances. The
material characterization of samples is done through micrographies, hardness tests
and porosity evaluation. The roughness of the machined surfaces shows a statistical
distinction between the AM and wrought titanium samples. Similar behavior is seen
with the cutting forces, which increase with an increase of hardness of the AM
samples. The results also show an increased trend towards burr formation in case of
down milling of AM samples compared to wrought titanium samples. The future
prospective is to take into account the machinability properties as functional
material characteristics to optimize through the deposition process. (C) 2017
Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bonaiti, Giuseppe; Parenti, Paolo; Annoni, Massimiliano] Politecn Milan, Dept
Mech Engn, Milan, Italy.
[Kapoor, Shiv] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn, Champaign, IL USA.
RP Parenti, P (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dept Mech Engn, Milan, Italy.
EM paolo.parenti@polimi.it
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10.1016/j.cirp.2015.05.002
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2015.06.002
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NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2351-9789
J9 PROCEDIA MANUF
PY 2017
VL 10
BP 497
EP 509
DI 10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.104
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA BI1RO
UT WOS:000406778800046
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, CJ
Li, Y
Zhang, M
Wang, XN
Zhang, C
Jing, HM
AF Chen, Changjun
Li, Yang
Zhang, Min
Wang, Xiaonan
Zhang, Chao
Jing, Hemin
TI Effect of laser processing parameters on mechanical properties of porous
tantalum fabricated by laser multi-layer micro-cladding
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D; Layered manufacturing; Rapid manufacturing; Scaffolds; Porous
materials; Cellular manufacturing
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; BONE; IMPLANTS; TITANIUM; PARTS; MICROSTRUCTURE;
BIOMATERIALS; BEHAVIOR; ALLOY
AB Purpose - Additive manufacturing (AM), a method used in the nuclear, space and
racing industries, allows the creation of customized titanium alloy scaffolds with
highly defined external shape and internal structure using rapid prototyping as
supporting external structures within which bone tissue can grow. AM allows porous
tantalum parts with mechanical properties close to that of bone tissue to be
obtained.
Design/methodology/approach - In this paper, porous tantalum structures with
different scan distance were fabricated by AM using laser multi-layer micro-
cladding.
Findings - Porous tantalum samples were tested for resistance to compressive
force and used scanning electron microscope to reveal the morphology of before and
after compressive tests. Their structure and mechanical properties of these porous
Ta structures with porosity in the range of 35.48 to 50 per cent were investigated.
The porous tantalum structures have comparable compressive strength 56 similar to
480 MPa, and elastic modulus 2.8 similar to 9.0GPa, which is very close to those of
human spongy bone and compact bone.
Research limitations/implications - This paper does not demonstrate the implant
results.
Practical implications - It can be used as implant material for the repair bone.
Social implications - It can be used for fabrication of other porous materials.
Originality/value - This paper system researched the scan distance on how to
influence the mechanical properties of fabricated porous tantalum structures.
C1 [Chen, Changjun; Zhang, Min; Zhang, Chao] Soochow Univ, Laser Proc Res Ctr,
Suzhou, Peoples R China.
[Li, Yang] Soochow Univ, Proc Res Ctr, Sch Mech & Elect Engn, Suzhou, Peoples R
China.
[Wang, Xiaonan] Soochow Univ, Shagang Sch Iron & Steel, Suzhou, Peoples R China.
[Jing, Hemin] Anhui Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Maansha, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, CJ (reprint author), Soochow Univ, Laser Proc Res Ctr, Suzhou, Peoples R
China.
EM chjchen2001@aliyun.com
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51104110]; Suzhou Science
and Technology Bureau [SYG201231, SYG201642]; State Key Laboratory of
Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou
University of Technology [SKLAB02014006]
FX This work was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China
with a grant No. 51104110, and Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau with
grant No. SYG201231, No. SYG201642. This work is also supported by the
fund of the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of
Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology (SKLAB02014006).
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0
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4636(2001)58:2<180::AID-JBM1005>3.3.CO;2-X
Zhou YS, 2013, MATER LETT, V99, P8, DOI 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.02.068
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PI BINGLEY
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 4
BP 758
EP 770
DI 10.1108/RPJ-05-2014-0068
PG 13
GA FD5AN
UT WOS:000407543400011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Hasan, R
Mines, RAW
AF Hasan, R.
Mines, R. A. W.
BE BinAbdollah, MF
Tuan, TB
Salim, MA
Akop, MZ
Ismail, R
Musa, H
TI Comparison of strut properties for micro-lattice structure manufactured
using selective laser melting
SO PROCEEDINGS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH DAY 2017 (MERD)
LA English
CT 4th Mechanical Engineering Research Day (MERD)
CY MAR 30, 2017
CL Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, MALAYSIA
SP Ctr Adv Res Energy, Fac Mech Engn, Ctr Technopreneurship Dev
HO Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
DE Micro-lattice structure; additive layer; selective laser melting
AB This paper discusses on the micro-strut properties of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V
micro-lattice structure manufactured using additive layer technology, selective
laser melting (SLM). Micro-strut properties were determined from single-strut
tensile test and micro-lattice block compression test analysis, and were compared
to standard properties of titanium alloy material. The results show that strut
Young's Modulus and ultimate stress which were determined using microlattice block
compressive properties were comparable to that of standard value of titanium alloy
material. This suggests that the strut properties derived from the micro-lattice
blocks can be used in the estimation of individual micro-strut in the lattice
structure material.
C1 [Hasan, R.] Univ Tekn Malaysia Melaka, Fac Mech Engn, Durian Tunggal 76100,
Melaka, Malaysia.
[Hasan, R.] Univ Tekn Malaysia Melaka, Ctr Adv Res Energy, Durian Tunggal 76100,
Melaka, Malaysia.
[Mines, R. A. W.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Engn, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside,
England.
RP Hasan, R (reprint author), Univ Tekn Malaysia Melaka, Fac Mech Engn, Durian
Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia.; Hasan, R (reprint author), Univ Tekn Malaysia
Melaka, Ctr Adv Res Energy, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia.
EM rafidahhasan@utem.edu.my
FU Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka (UTeM)
FX R. Hasan gratefully acknowledges The Ministry of Higher Education,
Malaysia and Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) for the
scholarship and financial support, as well as the University of
Liverpool for the opportunity to do the research.
CR Boyer R., 1994, MAT PROPERTIES HDB T
Hasan R, 2016, PROCEEDINGS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH DAY 2016, P119
Hasan R., 2010, J MECH ENG TECHNOLOG, V2, P17
Hasan R., 2013, PROGR COLLAPSE TITAN
Hooputra H, 2004, INT J CRASHWORTHINES, V9, P449, DOI 10.1053/ijcr.2004.0289
Mines R., 2009, P INT EUR SAMPE EUR, P248
Rehme O., 2010, CELLULAR DESIGN LASE
Ushijima K, 2011, J SANDW STRUCT MATER, V13, P303, DOI 10.1177/1099636210380997
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU CENTRE ADVANCED RESEARCH ENERGY-CARE
PI DURIAN TUNGGAL
PA FAC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, UNIV TEKNIKAL MALAYASIA MELAKA, HANG TUAH
JAYA, DURIAN TUNGGAL, MEKALA 76100, MALAYSIA
BN 978-967-0257-88-4
PY 2017
BP 356
EP 357
PG 2
SC Engineering
GA BI1QZ
UT WOS:000406738200161
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Uklejewski, R
Winiecki, M
Rogala, P
Patalas, A
AF Uklejewski, Ryszard
Winiecki, Mariusz
Rogala, Piotr
Patalas, Adam
TI Structural-Geometric Functionalization of the Additively Manufactured
Prototype of Biomimetic Multispiked Connecting Ti-Alloy Scaffold for
Entirely Noncemented Resurfacing Arthroplasty Endoprostheses
SO APPLIED BIONICS AND BIOMECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BONE INGROWTH; ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS; TITANIUM
IMPLANTS; IN-VIVO; LASER; VASCULARIZATION; DESIGN; SIZE
AB The multispiked connecting scaffold (MSC-Scaffold) prototype, inspired by the
biological system of anchorage of the articular cartilage in the periarticular
trabecular bone by means of subchondral bone interdigitations, is the essential
innovation in fixation of the bone in resurfacing arthroplasty (RA) endoprostheses.
The biomimetic MSC-Scaffold, due to its complex geometric structure, can be
manufactured only using additive technology, for example, selective laser melting
(SLM). The major purpose of this work is determination of constructional
possibilities for the structural-geometric functionalization of SLM-manufactured
MSC-Scaffold prototype, compensating the reduced ability-due to the SLM
technological limitations-to accommodate the ingrowing bone filling the interspike
space of the prototype, which is important for the prototype bioengineering design.
Confocal microscopy scanning of components of the SLM-manufactured prototype of
total hip resurfacing arthroplasty (THRA) endoprosthesis with the MSC-Scaffold was
performed. It was followed by the geometric measurements of a variety of specimens
designed as the fragments of the MSC-Scaffold of both THRA endoprosthesis
components. The reduced ability to accommodate the ingrowing bone tissue in the
SLM-manufactured prototypes versus that in the corresponding CAD models has been
quantitatively determined. Obtained results enabled to establish a way of
compensatory structural-geometric functionalization, allowing the MSC-Scaffold
adequate redesigning and manufacturing in additive SLM technology.
C1 [Uklejewski, Ryszard; Winiecki, Mariusz; Patalas, Adam] Casimir Great Univ, Dept
Med Bioengn Fundamentals, Inst Technol, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz,
Poland.
[Uklejewski, Ryszard; Winiecki, Mariusz] Poznan Univ Tech, Inst Technol & Chem
Engn, Dept Proc Engn, Berdychowo 4, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
[Rogala, Piotr] Poznan Univ Med Sci, Dept Spine Surg Oncol Orthopaed &
Traumatol, 28 Czerwca 1956 135-147, PL-61545 Poznan, Poland.
RP Winiecki, M (reprint author), Casimir Great Univ, Dept Med Bioengn Fundamentals,
Inst Technol, Chodkiewicza 30, PL-85064 Bydgoszcz, Poland.; Winiecki, M (reprint
author), Poznan Univ Tech, Inst Technol & Chem Engn, Dept Proc Engn, Berdychowo 4,
PL-60965 Poznan, Poland.
EM winiecki@ukw.edu.pl
RI Patalas, Adam/A-7857-2018
OI Patalas, Adam/0000-0001-5476-6739
FU National Science Centre by Research Project [NN518412638]
FX This research was supported by the National Science Centre by Research
Project no. NN518412638: "The thermochemical surface modification of
preprototypes of the minimally invasive RHA endoprostheses and porous
intraosseous implants," 2010-2015, Head: Ryszard Uklejewski.
CR Albrektsson T, 2001, EUR SPINE J, V10, pS96, DOI 10.1007/s005860100282
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU HINDAWI LTD
PI LONDON
PA ADAM HOUSE, 3RD FLR, 1 FITZROY SQ, LONDON, W1T 5HF, ENGLAND
SN 1176-2322
EI 1754-2103
J9 APPL BIONICS BIOMECH
JI Appl. Bionics Biomech.
PY 2017
AR 5638680
DI 10.1155/2017/5638680
PG 14
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Robotics
SC Engineering; Robotics
GA FA6YL
UT WOS:000405590800001
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Dubjella, P
Merklein, M
AF Dubjella, Patrick
Merklein, Marion
BE Fratini, L
TI Influence of Warm Bending on the Surface Topography of Titanium Alloy
Ti-6Al-4V
SO 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SHEET METAL (SHEMET17)
SE Procedia Engineering
LA English
CT 17th International Conference on Sheet Metal (SHEMET)
CY APR 10-12, 2017
CL Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY
HO Univ Palermo
DE Titanium; Bending; Additive Manufacturing
AB More frequently industry reverts to titanium alloys such as Ti-6Al-4V for
several applications. This is due to its wide range of positive material
characteristics like high biocompatibility, good corrosion resistance and high
specific strength. Hence, Ti-6Al-4V is utilized for applications in medicine
technique, marine and aerospace. However, forming of Ti-6Al-4V at room temperature
is limited, which is caused by its hexagonal closed packed (hcp) grain structure.
To overcome these limitations it is necessary to form Ti-6Al-4V at elevated
temperatures. Thus, further gliding planes are activated and large scaled parts can
be formed at low cycle times. Another promising process to generate Ti-6Al-4V
structures is additive manufacturing. Via Laser Beam Melting (LBM) geometrical
limitations of the forming process can be overcome. Nearly every conceivable
geometry like undercuts is possible to generate. However, the process takes
comparatively long time and the costs for large batch sizes are high. In order to
merge the advantages of forming and LBM a combination of both processes is
favorable. The sequence of forming and a subsequent additive process to produce a
hybrid part leads to several challenges. Besides forming induced residual stresses
in the sheet metal, the topography of the sheet has effect on the bonding quality
of sheet metal and additive structure. Especially peaks in roughness may serve as
crack initiators. In order to provide suitable parts for the subsequent additive
process it is necessary to have a sound knowledge of the impact of the forming
operation on the surface topography. For this reason this paper focuses on the
investigation of the influence of warm bending on the surface topography of Ti-6Al-
4V. Therefore bending tests with varying temperatures, punch radii and different
bending angles are conducted and the topography is analyzed with confocal
microscopy. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Dubjella, Patrick; Merklein, Marion] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg
FAU, Inst Mfg Technol LFT, Erlangen, Germany.
RP Merklein, M (reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg FAU,
Inst Mfg Technol LFT, Erlangen, Germany.
EM patrick.dubjella@fau.de; marion.merklein@fau.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) within Collaborative Research Centre
"Additive Manufacturing" [SFB 814]
FX This work has been supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
within the scope of the Collaborative Research Centre "Additive
Manufacturing" (SFB 814) in the subproject B5.
CR Ahuja B, 2014, PHYSCS PROC, V56, P90, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.102
CHANDRA N, 1988, INT J NUMER METH ENG, V26, P1925, DOI 10.1002/nme.1620260904
[Anonymous], 2009, 25178 DIN EN ISO
Juechter V., 2014, 5 INT C ADD TECHN IC, P119
Klocke F. K., 2006, FERTIGUNGSVERFAHREN, V4
Lutjering G., 2007, TITANIUM ENG MAT PRO
Merklein M., 2016, 6 INT C ADD TECHN IC
Merklein M, 2013, KEY ENG MATER, V549, P311, DOI
Odenberger EL, 2013, INT J MATER FORM, V6, P391, DOI 10.1007/s12289-012-1093-8
Peters M., 2002, TITAN TITANLEGIERUNG
Schaub A., 2014, FRAUNHOFER ADDITIVE
Schrage J., 2016, RAP TECH INT TRAD SH
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1877-7058
J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER
PY 2017
VL 183
BP 23
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.006
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Engineering; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA BI0IY
UT WOS:000404868500004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Matthes, M
O'Toole, B
Trabia, M
Roy, S
Jennings, R
Bodenchak, E
Boswell, M
Graves, T
Hixson, R
Daykin, E
Hawkins, C
Fussell, Z
Daykin, A
Heika, M
AF Matthes, Melissa
O'Toole, Brendan
Trabia, Mohamed
Roy, Shawoon
Jennings, Richard
Bodenchak, Eric
Boswell, Matthew
Graves, Thomas
Hixson, Robert
Daykin, Edward
Hawkins, Cameron
Fussell, Zach
Daykin, Austin
Heika, Michael
BE Casem, D
Lamberson, L
Kimberley, J
TI Comparison of Failure Mechanisms Due to Shock Propagation in Forged,
Layered, and Additive Manufactured Titanium Alloy
SO DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS, VOL 1
SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
LA English
CT SEM Annual Conference and Exposition on Experimental and Applied
Mechanics
CY JUN 06-09, 2016
CL Orlando, FL
SP Soc Expt Mech
DE Titanium; Hyper-velocity impact; Photonic Doppler Velocimetry (PDV);
AB The objective of this paper is to propose experimental techniques for studying
the behavior of titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4 V (Grade 5), under shock loading. Single-
layer and multi-layered stacks of forged titanium, and additive manufactured (AM)
titanium plates were considered. In these experiments, target materials were
subjected to ballistic impact using a two-stage light gas gun. A Photonic Doppler
Velocimetry (PDV) diagnostics system was used to measure free-surface velocity on
the back of each target. The experimental measurements were used to describe the
behavior of these materials under shock loading. In addition to velocity
measurements, physical damage and spall crack formation were monitored.
C1 [Matthes, Melissa; O'Toole, Brendan; Trabia, Mohamed; Roy, Shawoon; Jennings,
Richard; Bodenchak, Eric; Boswell, Matthew] Univ Nevada, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las
Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Graves, Thomas; Hixson, Robert] Natl Secur Technol LLC, New Mexico Operat, Los
Alamos Off, 182 Eastgate Dr, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Daykin, Edward; Hawkins, Cameron; Fussell, Zach; Daykin, Austin; Heika,
Michael] Natl Secur Technol LLC, 2621 Losee Rd, North Los Vegas, NV 89030 USA.
RP Matthes, M (reprint author), Univ Nevada, 4505 S Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV
89154 USA.
EM matthes2@unlv.nevada.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE AC52-06NA25946]; Site-Directed Research
and Development Program
FX This manuscript has been authored by National Security Technologies,
LLC, under Contract No. DE AC52-06NA25946 with the U.S. Department of
Energy and supported by the Site-Directed Research and Development
Program. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by
accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United
States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable,
world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this
manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government
purposes. The U.S. Department of Energy will provide public access to
these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE
Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan).
NSTec product number DOE/NV/25946-2751.
CR Almohandes AA, 1996, COMPOS PART B-ENG, V27, P447, DOI 10.1016/1359-
8368(96)00011-X
Henriques Vinicius André Rodrigues, 2005, Mat. Res., V8, P443, DOI
10.1590/S1516-14392005000400015
Needler S., 2012, AEROMAT C EXP 2012 P
Phelps H., 2013, NC STAT ADV MAN LOG
RADIN J, 1988, INT J IMPACT ENG, V7, P229, DOI 10.1016/0734-743X(88)90028-0
Refael F., 2015, J APPL MECH, V82, DOI 10.1115/1.4029745
Strand OT, 2006, REV SCI INSTRUM, V77, DOI 10.1063/1.2336749
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
SN 2191-5644
BN 978-3-319-41132-3; 978-3-319-41131-6
J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH
PY 2017
BP 131
EP 138
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41132-3_18
PG 8
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics
GA BH9PP
UT WOS:000404234800018
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Austin, DC
Bevan, MA
East, D
Brown, AD
Ameri, AAH
Hazell, PJ
Chen, A
Chan, SLI
Quadir, MZ
Escobedo, JP
AF Austin, D. C.
Bevan, M. A.
East, D.
Brown, A. D.
Ameri, A. A. H.
Hazell, P. J.
Chen, A.
Chan, S. L. I.
Quadir, M. Z.
Escobedo, J. P.
BE Ikhmayies, S
Li, B
Carpenter, JS
Li, J
Hwang, JY
Monteiro, SN
Firrao, D
Zhang, M
Peng, Z
EscobedoDiaz, JP
Bai, C
Kalay, YE
Goswami, R
Kim, J
TI Microstructural Investigation and Impact Testing of Additive
Manufactured TI-6AL-4V
SO CHARACTERIZATION OF MINERALS, METALS, AND MATERIALS 2017
SE Minerals Metals & Materials Series
LA English
CT TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition / Symposium on Characterization of
Minerals, Metals, and Materials
CY 2017
CL San Diego, CA
SP TMS, Mat Characterizat Comm, TMS
DE Titanium; Porosity; Compression; Tension; Additive manufacture
ID ALLOYS
AB The microstructure and mechanical response of additive manufactured Ti64 under
compression and tension has been investigated. Quasi-static and dynamic experiments
were conducted on electron beam powder bed Arcam A1 (EBM) and blown powder laser
Optomec LENS MR-7 (LMD) additive manufactured specimens. Hot isostatic pressing
(HIP) was conducted on both of the additive manufactured specimens and results were
compared with as-received specimens. Digital image correlation (DIC) was utilized
to observe the in situ development of deformation fields during tensile loading.
Optical microscopy was conducted on pristine and deformed specimens to examine the
microstructure of the specimens. HIP treatment reduced the porosity by similar to
90% with a concomitant increase in hardness by 40%. The results from tensile
experiments show that additive manufactured Ti64 display a higher values for the
yield stress, hardness, and ultimate tensile strength than conventionally
manufactured Ti64. Under quasi-static compression, it was observed that EBM
specimens exhibit a higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength than LMD
specimens.
C1 [Austin, D. C.; Bevan, M. A.; Brown, A. D.; Ameri, A. A. H.; Hazell, P. J.;
Escobedo, J. P.] UNSW Australia, Australian Def Force Acad, Sch Engn & Informat
Technol, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
[East, D.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Chen, A.; Chan, S. L. I.] UNSW Australia, Sch Mat Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052,
Australia.
[Quadir, M. Z.] Curtin Univ, JdLC, MMF, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
RP Escobedo, JP (reprint author), UNSW Australia, Australian Def Force Acad, Sch
Engn & Informat Technol, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
EM j.escobedo-diaz@adfa.edu.au
CR Alcisto J, 2011, JMEP, P203
Atkinson HV, 2000, METALL MATER TRANS A, V31, P2981, DOI 10.1007/s11661-000-
0078-2
Ivasishin OM, 2008, METALL MATER TRANS A, V39A, P402, DOI 10.1007/s11661-007-
9425-x
Johnson G, 1983, P 7 INT S BALL, V31
Kobryn P.A., 2011, JOM, V53, P40
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Osovski S, 2012, SCRIPTA MATER, V66, P9, DOI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.09.014
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2009.10.006
Shivpuri R, 2002, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V51, P71, DOI 10.1016/S0007-
8506(07)61468-1
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-51382-9; 978-3-319-51381-2
J9 MINERAL MET MAT SER
PY 2017
BP 191
EP 199
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-51382-9_21
PG 9
GA BH9FF
UT WOS:000403945100021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Mahamood, RM
Esther, TA
Owolabi, MG
Esther, T. Akinlabi
Owolabi, Moses G.
GP IEEE
TI Effect of Laser Power and Powder Flow Rate on Dilution Rate and Surface
Finish Produced During Laser Metal Deposition of Titanium Alloy
SO PROCEEDINGS OF 2017 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHANICAL AND
INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES (ICMIMT)
LA English
CT 8th International Conference on Mechanical and Intelligent Manufacturing
Technologies (ICMIMT)
CY FEB 03-06, 2017
CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA
SP IEEE
DE component; additive manufacturing; dilution; processing parameter; laser
metal deposition; surface roughness; titanium alloy
AB The influence of processing parameters on the resulting properties of laser
metal deposition process cannot be overemphasized. In this research, the influence
of laser power and powder flow rate on the dilution and surface roughness value
produced are critically studied.. The laser power was set between 1.8 kW and 3.0
kW, while the powder flow rate was set between 2.88 and 5.76 g/min. The scanning
speed and the gas flow rate were maintained at constant values of 0.05m/s and
41/min respectively. The study revealed that, as the laser power was increased, the
degree of dilution increases but the average surface roughness value decreases.
Also, as the powder flow rate was increased, the dilution decreases and the average
surface roughness increases. The study shows that it is important to keep the
powder flow rare low so as to achieve a better surface finished and also not to use
too high laser power as this will result in higher dilution, which is not desirable
in the laser additive manufacturing process because it will affect the dimensional
accuracy of the part under processing.
C1 [Mahamood, Rasheedat M.; Esther, T. Akinlabi] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn
Sci, Auckland Pk Kingsway Campus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Owolabi, Moses G.] Howard Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, Auckland
Pk Kingsway Campus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
EM mahamoodmr2009@gmail.com; etakinlabi@uj.ac.za;
gbadebo.owolabi@howard.edu
FU University of Johannesburg research council; L'OREAL-UNESCO for Women in
Science
FX This work was supported by University of Johannesburg research council
and the L'OREAL-UNESCO for Women in Science.
CR [Anonymous], 42881998 BS EN ISO
Campanelli SL, 2017, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V89, P885, DOI 10.1007/s00170-016-
9135-x
Kobryn A, 2000, RES OV SOL FABR S P, P58
V3, P9, DOI 10.1007/s40516-015-0020-5
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Mahamood R. M., 2016, ENG LETT, V21, P1
Mahamood R.M., 2012, P WORLD C ENG 2012 W, VIII, P1593
Mahamood R. M., 2016, P WORLD C ENG COMP S, V2
Mahamood R. M., 2014, INT MULT ENG COMP SC
Pinkerton J., 2008, J ENG MANUFACTURE, V222, P827
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[Anonymous], 2011, STANDARD GUIDE PREPA, V03
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-5386-0377-2
PY 2017
BP 6
EP 10
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Manufacturing;
Engineering, Mechanical
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BH8RW
UT WOS:000403606400002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, A
Al-Ahmari, AM
AlFaify, A
Mohammed, MK
AF Mohammad, Ashfaq
Al-Ahmari, Abdurahman Mushabab
AlFaify, Abdullah
TI Effect of melt parameters on density and surface roughness in electron
beam melting of gamma titanium aluminide alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Density; Surface
roughness; Energy input; Titanium aluminide
ID TI-6AL-4V; POWDER; EBM
AB Purpose - Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the potential additive
manufacturing technologies to fabricate aero-engine components from gamma titanium
aluminide (gamma-TiAl) alloys. When a new material system has to be taken in to the
fold of EBM, which is a highly complex process, it is essential to understand the
effect of process parameters on the final quality of parts. This paper aims to
understand the effect of melting parameters on top surface quality and density of
EBM manufactured parts. This investigation would accelerate EBM process development
for newer alloys.
Design/methodology/approach - Central composite design approach was used to
design the experiments. In total, 50 specimens were built in EBM with different
melt theme settings. The parameters varied were surface temperature, beam current,
beam focus offset, line offset and beam speed. Density and surface roughness were
selected as responses in the qualifying step of the parts. After identifying the
parameters which were statistically significant, possible reasons were analyzed
from the perspective of the EBM process.
Findings - The internal porosity and surface roughness were correlated to the
process settings. Important ones among the parameters are beam focus offset, line
offset and beam speed. By jointly deciding the total amount of energy input for
each layer, these three parameters played a critical role in internal flaw
generation and surface evolution.
Research limitations/implications - The range selected for each parameter is
applicable, in particular, to gamma-TiAl alloy. For any other alloy, the settings
range has to be suitably adapted depending on physical properties such as melting
point, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion co-efficient.
Practical implications - This paper demonstrates how melt theme parameters have
to be understood in the EBM process. By adopting a similar strategy, an optimum
window of settings that give best consolidation of powder and better surface
characteristics can be identified whenever a new material is being investigated for
EBM. This work gives researchers insights into EBM process and speeds up EBM
adoption by aerospace industry to produce critical engine parts from gamma-TiAl
alloy.
Originality/value - This work is one of the first attempts to systematically
carry out a number of experiments and to evaluate the effect of melt parameters for
producing gamma-TiAl parts by the EBM process. Its conclusions would be of value to
additive manufacturing researchers working on gamma-TiAl by EBM process.
C1 [Mohammad, Ashfaq; Al-Ahmari, Abdurahman Mushabab; Mohammed, Muneer Khan] King
Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia.
[AlFaify, Abdullah] King Saud Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
EM ashfaq007@gmail.com
Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[11-ADV1494-02]
Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology,
CR Appel F, 2000, ADV ENG MATER, V2, P699, DOI 10.1002/1527-
2648(200011)2:11<699::AID-ADEM699>3.0.CO;2-J
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Franzen S. F., 2010, Y TITANIUM ALUMINIDE
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DOI 10.1016/J.JMATPROTEC.(2014),11.010]
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.06.010
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NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 16
PI BINGLEY
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 3
BP 474
EP 485
DI 10.1108/RPJ-12-2014-0187
PG 12
GA EX0UV
UT WOS:000402937200002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Conradie, PJT
Dimitrov, D
Oosthuizen, GA
Hugo, P
Saxer, M
AF Conradie, Pieter Johannes Theron
Dimitrov, Dimitri
Oosthuizen, Gert Adriaan
Hugo, Philip
Saxer, Mike
TI Comparative assessment of process combination for Ti6Al4V components
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; 5-axis CNC milling; Process combination
ID OF-THE-ART; MANUFACTURING PROCESS; HYBRID PROCESSES; DEPOSITION;
PERFORMANCE; TI-6AL-4V; TOOLS
AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the combination of
selective laser melting (SLM) and 5-axis CNC milling to produce parts from titanium
powder. The aim is to achieve a more resource-efficient manufacturing process by
reducing material wastage and machining time, while adhering to quality
requirements.
Design/methodology/approach - A benchmark titanium aerospace component is
manufactured with two different approaches using subtractive and additive
manufacturing technologies. The first component is produced from a solid billet
using only 5-axis CNC milling. The second component is grown from powder using SLM
to produce a net-shaped part of which the final shape and part accuracy are
achieved through 5-axis CNC milling. The potential saving of material and machining
time of the process combination is evaluated by comparing it to the conventional
purely CNC approach. The form accuracy, surface finish, mechanical properties and
tool wear for the two processes are also compared.
Findings - The results show that the process combination can be used to produce
Ti components that adhere to aerospace standards. With the process combination, a
material saving of 87 per cent was achieved along with a reduction of 21 per cent
in machining time. Further improvements are possible using optimized SLM build and
machining strategies.
Originality/value - This paper presents the results of a resource efficiency
assessment on the combination of SLM and 5-axis CNC milling for the titanium alloy,
Ti6Al4V. It is expected that this process combination can make a significant
contribution towards reducing material wastage and machining time for aerospace
applications.
C1 [Conradie, Pieter Johannes Theron; Dimitrov, Dimitri; Oosthuizen, Gert Adriaan;
Hugo, Philip] Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
[Saxer, Mike] Inst Adv Tooling, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
RP Conradie, PJT (reprint author), Stellenbosch Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Stellenbosch,
South Africa.
EM pconradie@sun.ac.za
FU South African Department of Science and Technology
FX This work was funded by the South African Department of Science and
Technology.
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NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 9
PI BINGLEY
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 3
BP 624
EP 632
DI 10.1108/RPJ-10-2015-0153
PG 9
GA EX0UV
UT WOS:000402937200015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yusuf, SM
Gao, N
AF Yusuf, Shahir M.
Gao, Nong
TI Influence of energy density on metallurgy and properties in metal
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; energy density; metallurgy;
ID 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; CEMENTLESS ORTHOPEDIC IMPLANTS; FUNCTIONALLY
GRADED MATERIALS; COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; IMPROVED PRIMARY FIXATION;
C18400 COPPER ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROCESSING PARAMETERS;
TENSILE PROPERTIES; INTERFACIAL CHARACTERIZATION
AB Fabricating metallic components for highly specialised industries such as
automotive and aerospace has become the main focus of additive manufacturing (AM)
due to its many advantages over traditional processes. This review initially
outlines current AM techniques for processing metallic components, particularly on
'powder bed fusion' and 'directed energy deposition' categories. Various
solidification and metallurgical aspects, microstructure and properties of
fabricated parts are described in subsequent sections. In addition, the influence
of energy density on metallurgy, microstructure and mechanical properties is
addressed. The need to establish processing maps for various materials and
techniques, and the challenges currently faced in metal AM are then highlighted.
The final section provides an outlook for the future of research in AM of metals.
C1 [Yusuf, Shahir M.; Gao, Nong] Univ Southampton, Fac Engn & Environm, Mat Res
Grp, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Gao, N (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Fac Engn & Environm, Mat Res Grp,
Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
EM n.gao@soton.ac.uk
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NR 173
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 44
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
J9 MATER SCI TECH-LOND
JI Mater. Sci. Technol.
PY 2017
VL 33
IS 11
BP 1269
EP 1289
DI 10.1080/02670836.2017.1289444
PG 21
Engineering
GA EV9QS
UT WOS:000402121100001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Withers, JC
Pickard, SM
AF Withers, James C.
Pickard, Sion M.
GP Minerals, Metals & Mat Soc
TI Additive Manufacturing to Produce Standard and Custom Alloy Titanium
SO TMS 2017 146TH ANNUAL MEETING & EXHIBITION SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS
SE Minerals Metals & Materials Series
LA English
CT 146th TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition
CY FEB 26-MAR 02, 2017
CL San Diego, CA
SP TMS
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Titanium alloys
AB Metal additive manufacturing patented in 1925, today uses electron beam or laser
beam pool melting as well as using laser or electron beam powder sintering a single
layer at a time to build relatively small near net shape parts. Friction Stir
Processing (FSP) as a solid state non-melt process has also been demonstrated to
build parts layer by layer as well as repair parts. Plasma transferred arc (PTA)
power system melt pool processing has low capital cost, very high build rates
compared to e-beam or laser and has built larger multiple feet size parts with
property values equivalent to superior to wrought material. In the case of
titanium, sponge has been used as a low cost feed to produce varieties of alloy
compositions with exceptional strength and higher moduli that have also included
ceramic particulate with applications in the auto industry. FSP has produced double
strengths over analogous wrought alloys.
C1 [Withers, James C.; Pickard, Sion M.] ATS MER LLC, Tucson, AZ 85756 USA.
RP Withers, JC (reprint author), ATS MER LLC, Tucson, AZ 85756 USA.
EM jwithers@atsmer.com; spickard@mercorp.com
CR Kussmaul K., 1983, WELD J
Edgecomb H.R., 1913, Device for Testing Plastic Materials, Patent No.
[US118437A, 118437]
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NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PI CHAM
SN 2367-1181
BN 978-3-319-51493-2; 978-3-319-51492-5
J9 MINERAL MET MAT SER
PY 2017
BP 81
EP 89
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-51493-2_9
PG 9
GA BH6CT
UT WOS:000401654100009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Luzin, V
Hoye, N
AF Luzin, Vladimir
Hoye, Nicholas
BE Holden, TM
Muransky, O
Edwards, L
TI Stress in Thin Wall Structures Made by Layer Additive Manufacturing
SO RESIDUAL STRESSES 2016: ICRS-10
SE Materials Research Proceedings
LA English
CT 10th International Conference on Residual Stresses (ICRS-10)
CY JUL 03-07, 2016
CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA
SP Rigaku Corp, VEQTER Ltd, Stresstech Oy, ANSTO
DE Residual Stress; Additive Manufacturing; Titanium
ID TI-6AL-4V COMPONENTS; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; WIRE; MICROSTRUCTURE; PARTS;
MODEL; WAAM
AB Manufacturing of thin wall structures is one of the main applications of
additive manufacturing, where it has significant advantages over traditional
milling and machining techniques or welded analogues. Such thin walled structures
are common in structural aerospace components, and are also frequently made from
titanium alloys. For such large-scale components, layer deposition strategy is more
advantageous rather than a pixel-wise deposition approach due to the demand for
high productivity and size requirements. Several techniques can be used to produce
layer-wise build-ups, including laser-powered Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) process
or gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Although, in the general case of arbitrary thin
wall structures the stress distribution is complex, for some simple geometries, the
stress state is simple and can be well characterized within a model by a single
parameter representing a layer deposition stress in the steady-state regime. The
model calculations were verified by experimental results on a thin-walled sample
component that was manufactured from Ti-6A1-4V by GTAW with the residual stresses
measured using KOWARI neutron strain scanner at the OPAL research reactor (ANSTO).
C1 [Luzin, Vladimir] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee
Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Hoye, Nicholas] Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522,
Australia.
RP Luzin, V (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Locked Bag 2001,
Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
EM vll@ansto.gov.au; nicholas.hoye@gmail.com
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.04.012
Ding DH, 2016, COMPUT AIDED DESIGN, V73, P66, DOI 10.1016/j.cad.2015.12.003
Hoye N, 2014, MATER SCI FORUM, V777, P124, DOI
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Timoshenko S. P., 1972, MECH MAT
Tsui YC, 1997, THIN SOLID FILMS, V306, P23, DOI 10.1016/S0040-6090(97)00199-5
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 13
PU MATERIALS RESEARCH FORUM LLC
PI MILLERSVILLE
PA 105 SPRINGDALE LN, MILLERSVILLE, PA 17551 USA
SN 2474-395X
BN 978-1-9452-9116-6
J9 MATER RES PROC
PY 2017
VL 2
BP 497
EP 502
DI 10.21741/9781945291173-84
PG 6
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science
GA BH5JA
UT WOS:000401041500084
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Shahali, H
Jaggessar, A
Yarlagadda, PKDV
AF Shahali, Hesam
Jaggessar, Alka
Yarlagadda, Prasad K. D. V.
BE Yeh, WC
Zhao, L
TI Recent Advances in Manufacturing and Surface Modification of Titanium
Orthopaedic Applications
SO 13TH GLOBAL CONGRESS ON MANUFACTURING AND MANAGEMENT
SE Procedia Engineering
LA English
CT 13th Global Congress on Manufacturing and Management (GCMM)
CY NOV 28-30, 2016
CL Zhengzhou Univ, Zhengzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Zhengzhou Univ
DE Porous structure; Additive manufacturing; Surface modification;
biocompatibility
ID IMMERSION ION-IMPLANTATION; COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BONE IMPLANTS; POROUS METALS; BEHAVIOR; ALLOY;
OSSEOINTEGRATION; BIOMATERIALS; SCAFFOLDS
AB Implant failure is a common problem in orthopedic applications, which causes
pain and stress for patients, prolonged antibiotic therapy, increased time and cost
of hospitalization, and revision surgery. Selecting the optimum porous structure,
manufacturing process and surface modification approach is crucial to reduce the
rate of implant failure. The design of porous structures in orthopedic implants
plays an important role in vascularization, diffusion of nutrients, and in the
relationship between implants and osteoblasts. Common techniques for porous design
are computer aided design (CAD), image based design, implicit surface design, and
topology optimization. Metal- based additive manufacturing methods such as electron
beam melting (EBM), selective laser melting (SLM) and selective laser sintering
(SLS) have been extensively developed for fabrication of porous structures on
Titanium. Several chemical surface modification methods are used, such as acid
etching, anodization, and coatings, to improve mechanical properties,
biocompatibility, increase surface roughness, and to promote osseointegration and
bone regrowth. This paper reviews the design and manufacturing of porous implant
material via additive manufacturing techniques, as well as recent advances in
surface modification, to achieve biocompatible surfaces. The outcome of this
research will provide an effective strategy for manufacturing, and surface
modification of titanium orthopedic implants. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by
Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Shahali, Hesam; Jaggessar, Alka; Yarlagadda, Prasad K. D. V.] Queensland Univ
Technol, Sch Chem Phys & Mech Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
RP Yarlagadda, PKDV (reprint author), Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Chem Phys & Mech
Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
EM y.prasad@qut.edu.au
OI Yarlagadda, Prasad KDV/0000-0002-7026-4795
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10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.07.019
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WONG M, 1995, J BIOMED MATER RES, V29, P1567, DOI 10.1002/jbm.820291213
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NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 24
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1877-7058
J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER
PY 2017
VL 174
BP 1067
EP 1076
DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.259
PG 10
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA BH3TG
UT WOS:000399998200138
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, HK
Kim, HG
Lee, BS
Min, SH
Ha, TK
Jung, KH
Lee, CW
Park, HK
AF Kim, Hyo Kyu
Kim, Hyung Guin
Lee, Byung-Soo
Min, Seok-Hong
Ha, Tae Kwon
Jung, Kyung-Hwan
Lee, Chang-Woo
Park, Hyung-Ki
TI Atmosphere Gas Carburizing for Improved Wear Resistance of Pure Titanium
Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing
SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE pure titanium; additive manufacturing; electron beam melting; gas
carburizing; wear resistance
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER
AB In order to improve wear resistance of pure titanium fabricated by additive
manufacturing, its surface was hardened by atmosphere gas carburizing. For the
study, the pure titanium was fabricated by electron beam melting system. The
microstructures and wear properties of the as-built and carburized titanium were
investigated. After carburizing, hardness was increased and titanium carbides were
precipitated in the surface region. The friction coefficients of the both specimens
were estimated by dry sliding friction tests; the friction coefficient of
carburized titanium is lower than that of as-built titanium. The improvement of
wear property would be a result of high surface hardness and the slippery nature of
titanium carbide formed on the surface.
C1 [Kim, Hyo Kyu; Kim, Hyung Guin; Lee, Byung-Soo; Lee, Chang-Woo; Park, Hyung-Ki]
Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung 25440, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyo Kyu; Min, Seok-Hong; Ha, Tae Kwon] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Dept Adv
Met & Mat Engn, Kangnung 25457, South Korea.
[Jung, Kyung-Hwan] KIMM Met 3D Printing Convergence Res Team, Daejeon 34103,
South Korea.
RP Park, HK (reprint author), Korea Inst Ind Technol, Gangwon Reg Div, Kangnung
25440, South Korea.
EM mse03@kitech.re.kr
FU National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) by Korea
government (MSIP) [CRC-15-03-KIMM]
CRC-15-03-KIMM).
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.01.024
Poondla N, 2009, J ALLOY COMPD, V486, P162, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.06.172
Sun S, 2009, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V49, P561, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2009.02.008
Tsuji N, 2009, SURF COAT TECH, V203, P1400, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.11.013
Vaezi M, 2013, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V67, P1721, DOI 10.1007/s00170-012-4605-2
Yamanaka K., 2015, ADDIT MANUF, V8, P105
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10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.115
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 4
PU JAPAN INST METALS
PI SENDAI
PA 1-14-32, ICHIBANCHO, AOBA-KU, SENDAI, 980-8544, JAPAN
SN 1345-9678
EI 1347-5320
J9 MATER TRANS
JI Mater. Trans.
PY 2017
VL 58
IS 4
BP 592
EP 595
DI 10.2320/matertrans.M2016361
PG 4
Engineering
GA ES8TD
UT WOS:000399828900013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Han, CJ
Yan, CZ
Wen, SF
Xu, T
Li, S
Liu, J
Wei, QS
Shi, YS
AF Han, Changjun
Yan, Chunze
Wen, Shifeng
Xu, Tian
Li, Shuai
Liu, Jie
Wei, Qingsong
Shi, Yusheng
TI Effects of the unit cell topology on the compression properties of
porous Co-Cr scaffolds fabricated via selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Co-Cr alloy; Compression properties; Porous
scaffolds; Unit cell topology
ID IN-GROWTH CONSTRUCTS; LATTICE STRUCTURES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; BONE; TITANIUM;
MANUFACTURE; ALLOY; BIOMATERIALS
AB Purpose - Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing process
suitable for fabricating metal porous scaffolds. The unit cell topology is a
significant factor that determines the mechanical property of porous scaffolds.
Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of unit cell
topology on the compression properties of porous Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) scaffolds
fabricated by SLM using finite element (FE) and experimental measurement methods.
Design/methodology/approach - The Co-Cr alloy porous scaffolds constructed in
four different topologies, i.e. cubic close packed (CCP), face-centered cubic
(FCC), body-centered cubic (BCC) and spherical hollow cubic (SHC), were designed
and fabricated via SLM process. FE simulations and compression tests were performed
to evaluate the effects of unit cell topology on the compression properties of SLM-
processed porous scaffolds.
Findings - The Mises stress predicted by FE simulations showed that different
unit cell topologies resulted in distinct stress distributions on the bearing
struts of scaffolds, whereas the unit cell size directly determined the stress
value. Comparisons on the stress results for four topologies showed that the FCC
unit cell has the minimum stress concentration due to its inclined bearing struts
and horizontal arms. Simulations and experiments both indicated that the
compression modulus and strengths of FCC, BCC, SHC, CCP scaffolds with the same
cell size presented in a descending order. These distinct compression behaviors
were correlated with the corresponding mechanics response on bearing struts. Two
failure mechanisms, cracking and collapse, were found through the results of
compression tests, and the influence of topological designs on the failure was
analyzed and discussed. Finally, the cell initial response of the SLM-processed Co-
Cr scaffold was tested through the in vitro cell culture experiment.
Originality/value - A focus and concern on the compression properties of SLM-
processed porous scaffolds was presented from a new perspective of unit cell
topology. It provides some new knowledge to the structure optimization of porous
scaffolds for load-bearing bone implants.
C1 [Han, Changjun; Yan, Chunze; Wen, Shifeng; Xu, Tian; Li, Shuai; Liu, Jie; Wei,
Qingsong; Shi, Yusheng] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc & Die &
Mould Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
RP Wen, SF; Wei, QS (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab
Mat Proc & Die & Mould Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
EM royal_wen@163.com; wqs_xn@163.com
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NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 23
U2 36
PI BINGLEY
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
PY 2017
VL 23
IS 1
BP 16
EP 27
DI 10.1108/RPJ-08-2015-0114
PG 12
GA EQ7ME
UT WOS:000398267300003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Manakari, V
Parande, G
Gupta, M
AF Manakari, Vyasaraj
Parande, Gururaj
Gupta, Manoj
TI Selective Laser Melting of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloy Powders: A
Review
SO METALS
LA English
DT Review
DE selective laser melting (SLM); magnesium; additive manufacturing;
microstructure; mechanical properties; corrosion behavior
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; SPEED STEEL POWDER; SECTION COMPONENT
REPAIR; MELTED TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; C18400 COPPER
ALLOY; AL-SI POWDERS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION BEHAVIOR; RAPID
SOLIDIFICATION
AB Magnesium-based materials are used primarily in developing lightweight
structures owing to their lower density. Further, being biocompatible they offer
potential for use as bioresorbable materials for degradable bone replacement
implants. The design and manufacture of complex shaped components made of magnesium
with good quality are in high demand in the automotive, aerospace, and biomedical
areas. Selective laser melting (SLM) is becoming a powerful additive manufacturing
technology, enabling the manufacture of customized, complex metallic designs. This
article reviews the recent progress in the SLM of magnesium based materials.
Effects of SLM process parameters and powder properties on the processing and
densification of the magnesium alloys are discussed in detail. The microstructure
and metallurgical defects encountered in the SLM processed parts are described.
Applications of SLM for potential biomedical applications in magnesium alloys are
also addressed. Finally, the paper summarizes the findings from this review
together with some proposed future challenges for advancing the knowledge in the
SLM processing of magnesium alloy powders.
C1 [Manakari, Vyasaraj; Parande, Gururaj; Gupta, Manoj] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept
Mech Engn, 9 Engn Dr 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
RP Gupta, M (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Mech Engn, 9 Engn Dr 1,
EM mbvyasaraj@u.nus.edu; gururaj.parande@u.nus.edu; mpegm@nus.edu.sg
OI Manakari, Vyasaraj/0000-0001-8952-6284; Parande,
Gururaj/0000-0002-7715-5436
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NR 151
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 29
U2 75
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 7
IS 1
AR 2
DI 10.3390/met7010002
PG 35
Engineering
GA EO2ER
UT WOS:000396509900002
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shvab, R
Hryha, E
Nyborg, L
AF Shvab, Ruslan
Hryha, Eduard
Nyborg, Lars
TI Surface chemistry of the titanium powder studied by XPS using internal
standard reference
SO POWDER METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
DE XPS; titanium oxide standards; calcium titanate; calcium oxide; rutile;
anatase; oxide layer thickness; surface contaminations
ID X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; OXIDES; THICKNESS; TI; SPECTROSCOPY; ROUGHNESS;
STATES; LAYERS; ALLOY; SR
AB Surface chemistry of the titanium powder has particularly growing interest due
to the increasing application of titanium components prepared by powder metallurgy,
in particular metal injection moulding and additive manufacturing. Due to the high
chemical activity, number of titanium oxides, calcium and complex Ca-Ti-oxides can
be expected on the component/medical implant surface, depending on powder and
component manufacturing and posttreatment, but are very difficult to analyse due to
the lack of the experimental data and analysis methodology. Therefore, a
methodology for the analysis of the surface chemistry of the Ti-powder by XPS
utilising internal standard reference was developed. The obtained methodology was
used for the surface analysis of titanium powder and identification of its surface
oxide composition. The results show that the powder surface is covered by TiO2
layer in the form of rutile with a thickness of 4.4 nm. Carbon and nitrogen
impurities were also found present on the powder surface.
C1 [Shvab, Ruslan; Hryha, Eduard; Nyborg, Lars] Chalmers, Dept Mat & Mfg Technol,
Rannvagen 2A, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Shvab, R (reprint author), Chalmers, Dept Mat & Mfg Technol, Rannvagen 2A, SE-
41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM ruslan.shvab@chalmers.se
OI Nyborg, Lars/0000-0002-1726-5529
FU Chalmers Areas of Advance in Production and Materials Science; strategic
innovation programme LIGHTer, Vinnova
FX Support from the Chalmers Areas of Advance in Production and Materials
Science and funding from the strategic innovation programme LIGHTer
provided by Vinnova are gratefully acknowledged.
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NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 12
PI ABINGDON
SN 0032-5899
EI 1743-2901
J9 POWDER METALL
JI Powder Metall.
PY 2017
VL 60
IS 1
BP 42
EP 48
DI 10.1080/00325899.2016.1271092
PG 7
GA EO3UE
UT WOS:000396619000007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Markhoff, J
Krogull, M
Schulze, C
Rotsch, C
Hunger, S
Bader, R
AF Markhoff, Jana
Krogull, Martin
Schulze, Christian
Rotsch, Christian
Hunger, Sandra
Bader, Rainer
TI Biocompatibility and Inflammatory Potential of Titanium Alloys
Cultivated with Human Osteoblasts, Fibroblasts and Macrophages
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE NiTi; DLC; Ti6Al4V; cell viability; human osteoblasts; macrophages
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOY; STEM-CELL RESPONSES; NICKEL-TITANIUM; IN-VITRO;
SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; POROUS NITI;
CORROSION-RESISTANCE; MEDICAL APPLICATIONS; METAL ALLOY
AB The biomaterials used to maintain or replace functions in the human body consist
mainly of metals, ceramics or polymers. In orthopedic surgery, metallic materials,
especially titanium and its alloys, are the most common, due to their excellent
mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Aside from the
established Ti6Al4V alloy, shape memory materials such as nickel-titanium ( NiTi)
have risen in importance, but are also discussed because of the adverse effects of
nickel ions. These might be reduced by specific surface modifications. In the
present in vitro study, the osteoblastic cell line MG-63 as well as primary human
osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and macrophages were cultured on titanium alloys ( forged
Ti6Al4V, additive manufactured Ti6Al4V, NiTi, and Diamond-Like-Carbon ( DLC)-coated
NiTi) to verify their specific biocompatibility and inflammatory potential.
Additive manufactured Ti6Al4V and NiTi revealed the highest levels of metabolic
cell activity. DLC-coated NiTi appeared as a suitable surface for cell growth,
showing the highest collagen production. None of the implant materials caused a
strong inflammatory response. In general, no distinct cell-specific response could
be observed for the materials and surface coating used. In summary, all tested
titanium alloys seem to be biologically appropriate for application in orthopedic
surgery.
C1 [Markhoff, Jana; Krogull, Martin; Schulze, Christian; Bader, Rainer] Univ Med
Rostock, Dept Orthopaed, Biomech & Implant Technol Lab, Doberaner Str 142, D-18057
Rostock, Germany.
[Rotsch, Christian; Hunger, Sandra] Fraunhofer Inst Machine Tools & Forming
Technol I, Dept Med Engn, Nothnitzer Str 44, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.
RP Markhoff, J (reprint author), Univ Med Rostock, Dept Orthopaed, Biomech &
Implant Technol Lab, Doberaner Str 142, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
EM markhoffj@gmail.com; martin.krogull2@uni-rostock.de;
christian_schulze@med.uni-rostock.de;
christian.rotsch@iwu.fraunhofer.de; sandra.hunger@iwu.fraunhofer.de;
rainer.bader@med.uni-rostock.de
FU German Federation of Industrial Research Associations (AiF) [IGF 17906
BR]
FX The authors thank Jurgen Weber (Asthetik-Klinik Rostock) for allocation
of tissues for fibroblast isolation. We kindly thank the Institute of
Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, for allocation of the
Buffy Coats. We would like to thank the electron microscopy center
Rostock for enabling the acquisition of FESEM images. We thank DOT GmbH
Rostock, Germany, for providing the forged Ti6Al4V test pellets; EC
Europ Coating GmbH Hohenlockstedt, Germany, for the DLC coating of the
NiTi probes; Proto Labs Eschenlohe GmbH, Eschenlohe, Germany, for the
SLM Ti6Al4V probes. Furthermore, we kindly thank Doris Hansmann, Petra
Mueller, Philipp Pisowocki and Mario Jackszis for technical support with
the measurements and FESEM images. We thank PD Wolfgang Baumann (Leibniz
Institute for Catalysis, Rostock) for performing ICP-OES measurements.
This work was supported by the German Federation of Industrial Research
Associations (AiF) (grant number IGF 17906 BR).
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258558
NR 72
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 20
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 1
AR 52
DI 10.3390/ma10010052
PG 17
GA EL7ZC
UT WOS:000394838800052
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Trevisan, F
Calignano, F
Lorusso, M
Pakkanen, J
Aversa, A
Ambrosio, EP
Lombardi, M
Fino, P
Manfredi, D
AF Trevisan, Francesco
Calignano, Flaviana
Lorusso, Massimo
Pakkanen, Jukka
Aversa, Alberta
Ambrosio, Elisa Paola
Fino, Paolo
Manfredi, Diego
TI On the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of the AlSi10Mg Alloy: Process,
Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive Manufacturing (AM); Selective Laser Melting (SLM); AlSi10Mg;
microstructure; mechanical properties
ID HEAT-TREATMENT; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; SINTERING/MELTING SLS/SLM;
PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS; MELTED ALSI10MG; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; METALLIC PARTS;
AL-12SI ALLOY; SINGLE-TRACK; ALSIMG ALLOY
AB The aim of this review is to analyze and to summarize the state of the art of
the processing of aluminum alloys, and in particular of the AlSi10Mg alloy,
obtained by means of the Additive Manufacturing ( AM) technique known as Selective
Laser Melting ( SLM). This process is gaining interest worldwide, thanks to the
possibility of obtaining a freeform fabrication coupled with high mechanical
properties related to a very fine microstructure. However, SLM is very complex,
from a physical point of view, due to the interaction between a concentrated laser
source and metallic powders, and to the extremely rapid melting and the subsequent
fast solidification. The effects of the main process variables on the properties of
the final parts are analyzed in this review: from the starting powder properties,
such as shape and powder size distribution, to the main process parameters, such as
laser power and speed, layer thickness, and scanning strategy. Furthermore, a
detailed overview on the microstructure of the AlSi10Mg material, with the related
tensile and fatigue properties of the final SLM parts, in some cases after
different heat treatments, is presented.
C1 [Trevisan, Francesco; Pakkanen, Jukka; Aversa, Alberta; Lombardi, Mariangela;
Fino, Paolo] Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, DISAT, Corso Duca Abruzzi
24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
[Trevisan, Francesco; Calignano, Flaviana; Lorusso, Massimo; Pakkanen, Jukka;
Ambrosio, Elisa Paola; Fino, Paolo; Manfredi, Diego] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr
Sustainable Future Technol PoliTo, Corso Trento 21, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Manfredi, D (reprint author), Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Sustainable Future
Technol PoliTo, Corso Trento 21, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM francesco.trevisan@polito.it; flaviana.calignano@iit.it;
mariangela.lombardi@polito.it; jukka.pakkanen@polito.it;
alberta.aversa@polito.it; elisa.ambrosio@iit.it; massimo.lorusso@iit.it;
paolo.fino@polito.it; diego.manfredi@iit.it
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NR 93
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 34
U2 80
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 10
IS 1
AR 76
DI 10.3390/ma10010076
PG 23
GA EL7ZC
UT WOS:000394838800075
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, D
Wang, YM
Wu, SB
Lin, H
Yang, YQ
Fan, SC
Gu, C
Wang, JH
Song, CH
AF Wang, Di
Wang, Yimeng
Wu, Shibiao
Lin, Hui
Yang, Yongqiang
Fan, Shicai
Gu, Cheng
Wang, Jianhua
Song, Changhui
TI Customized a Ti6Al4V Bone Plate for Complex Pelvic Fracture by Selective
Laser Melting
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE metal additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; bone plate;
pelvic fracture; Ti-6Al-4V
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ACETABULAR FRACTURES; ORTHOPEDIC-SURGERY;
TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; IMPLANTS; TEMPLATES
AB In pelvic fracture operations, bone plate shaping is challenging and the
operation time is long. To address this issue, a customized bone plate was designed
and produced using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. The key steps of this
study included designing the customized bone plate, metal 3D printing, vacuum heat
treatment, surface post-processing, operation rehearsal, and clinical application
and evaluation. The joint surface of the bone plate was placed upwards with respect
to the build platform to keep it away from the support and to improve the quality
of the joint surface. Heat conduction was enhanced by adding a cone-type support
beneath the bone plate to prevent low-quality fabrication due to poor heat
conductivity of the Ti-6Al-4V powder. The residual stress was eliminated by
exposing the SLM-fabricated titanium-alloy bone plate to a vacuum heat treatment.
Results indicated that the bone plate has a hardness of HV1 360-HV1 390, an
ultimate tensile strength of 1000-1100 MPa, yield strength of 900-950 MPa, and an
elongation of 8%-10%. Pre-operative experiments and operation rehearsal were
performed using the customized bone plate and the ABC-made pelvic model. Finally,
the customized bone plate was clinically applied. The intraoperative C-arm and
postoperative X-ray imaging results indicated that the customized bone plate
matched well to the damaged pelvis. The customized bone plate fixed the broken bone
and guides pelvis restoration while reducing operation time to about two hours. The
customized bone plate eliminated the need for preoperative titanium plate pre-
bending, thereby greatly reducing surgical wounds and operation time.
C1 [Wang, Di; Wang, Yimeng; Wu, Shibiao; Lin, Hui; Yang, Yongqiang; Song, Changhui]
South China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong,
Peoples R China.
[Fan, Shicai; Gu, Cheng] Southern Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 3, Guangzhou 510600,
Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Jianhua] Guangzhou Gen Hosp Guangzhou Mil Command, Orthoped Hosp,
Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, YQ (reprint author), South China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn,
Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM scut061389@163.com; ym_zwang@163.com; siberghost@126.com;
linhui_zj@163.com; mewdlaser@scut.edu.cn; fanscyi@sohu.com;
15622127207@163.com; jianhuawangddrr@163.com; song_changhui@163.com
FU Key projects of Guangdong province science and technology plan: Study on
research, development and application of customized bone plate for
complex pelvic fracture based on metal 3D printing technology
[2015B010125006]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51405160]; specific funds from Guangdong province public welfare and
special ability [2014A010104008]; National Engineering Technology
Research Center of Near Net Forming of metal materials [2015006];
Guangzhou Major Science and Technology Research for People's livelihood
through CEEUSRO Collaborative Innovation [EL2015.20226816.6]
FX The work described in this paper was fully supported by these projects:
(1) Key projects of Guangdong province science and technology plan 2015:
Study on research, development and application of customized bone plate
for complex pelvic fracture based on metal 3D printing technology, Grant
No 2015B010125006; (2) 2014 National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Project No. 51405160); (3) specific funds from Guangdong province
public welfare and special ability (2014A010104008); (4) open projects
from National Engineering Technology Research Center of Near Net Forming
of metal materials (2015006); (5) Guangzhou Major Science and Technology
Research for People's livelihood through CEEUSRO Collaborative
Innovation (EL2015.20226816.6).
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JI Materials
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 10
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AR 35
DI 10.3390/ma10010035
PG 14
GA EL7ZC
UT WOS:000394838800035
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tong, J
Bowen, CR
Persson, J
Plummer, A
AF Tong, J.
Bowen, C. R.
Persson, J.
Plummer, A.
TI Mechanical properties of titanium-based Ti-6Al-4V alloys manufactured by
powder bed additive manufacture
LA English
DT Review
DE Titanium; Additive manufacturing; Microstructure; Properties; Fatigue
ID HEAT-TREATMENT; WEAR PERFORMANCE; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; PURE TITANIUM;
LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; COMPONENTS; PARAMETERS; PARTS
AB Additive manufacturing is currently a topic of considerable interest at both
academic and industrial levels. While a significant amount of data exists on the
mechanical properties and structure-property relationships of traditional wrought
alloys, less information is available on alloys manufactured by additive
manufacture. This review examines current state-of-the-art manufacture of titanium-
based Ti-6Al-4V alloys by powder bed additive manufacture. Published mechanical
properties to date are collected which include tensile strength, yield strength,
hardness, wear, fracture toughness and fatigue. Differences in microstructure and
properties compared to conventional wrought alloys of the same composition are
described.
C1 [Tong, J.; Bowen, C. R.; Persson, J.; Plummer, A.] Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn,
Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
RP Bowen, CR (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon,
England.
EM c.r.bowen@bath.ac.uk
RI Bowen, Chris/B-3087-2008
OI Bowen, Chris/0000-0002-5880-9131
FU European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme [320963]
FX The authors would like to thank support of the Technology Strategy Board
(TSB) for Project Vital Integration Through Additive Layer ( VITAL)
Manufacture. Bowen would like to acknowledge funding from the European
Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme
(FP/2007 - 2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 320963 on Novel Energy
Materials, Engineering Science and Integrated Systems ( NEMESIS).
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NR 67
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 27
U2 44
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
PY 2017
VL 33
IS 2
BP 138
EP 148
DI 10.1080/02670836.2016.1172787
PG 11
Engineering
GA EL2MP
UT WOS:000394454100002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Xiao, ZA
Tang, DY
Fan, JH
Xiao, W
Wang, DH
AF Xiao, Zuo-an
Tang, Di-yong
Fan, Jin-hang
Xiao, Wei
Wang, Di-hua
TI Coating titanium on carbon steel by in-situ electrochemical reduction of
solid TiO2 layer
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti coating; molten salt; surface metallurgy; electrochemical reduction;
ID MOLTEN CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; ELECTRO-DEOXIDATION; OXIDE; CORROSION; POWDERS;
ALLOY; METAL; ELECTROREDUCTION; PRECURSORS; DIOXIDE
AB Ti coating on A3 steel was successfully prepared by direct electrochemical
reduction of high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermally sprayed and room-temperature
dip-coating titanium dioxide coating on A3 steel in molten CaCl2 at 850 degrees C.
The interfacial microstructure and mutual diffusion between coating and steel
substrate were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy
dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The results show that the precursory TiO2
coating prepared by HVOF has closer contact and better adhesion with the A3 steel
substrate. After electrolysis, all of the electro-generated Ti coatings show intact
contact with the substrates, regardless of the original contact situation between
TiO2 layer and the steel substrate in the precursors. The inter-diffusion between
the iron substrate and the reduced titanium takes place at the interface. The
results demonstrate the possibility of the surface electrochemical metallurgy
(SECM) is a promising surface engineering and additive manufacturing method.
C1 [Xiao, Zuo-an; Tang, Di-yong; Fan, Jin-hang; Xiao, Wei; Wang, Di-hua] Wuhan
Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan
EM wangdh@whu.edu.cn
RI Xiao, Wei/B-9679-2011
OI Xiao, Wei/0000-0001-5244-797X
FX Projects (51071112, 51325102) supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China
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NR 30
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 21
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 27
IS 1
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(17)60015-3
PG 7
GA EL1WX
UT WOS:000394413200015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Lancea, C
Chicos, LA
Zaharia, SM
Pop, MA
AF Lancea, Camil
Chicos, Lucia-Antoneta
Zaharia, Sebastian Marian
Pop, Mihai Alin
BE Oancea, G
Dragoi, MV
TI Microstructure and micro-hardness analyses of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V
parts manufactured by selective laser melting
SO 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING AND SOLUTIONS IN MANUFACTURING
ENGINEERING 2016 - COSME'16
SE MATEC Web of Conferences
LA English
CT 4th International Conference on Computing and Solutions in Manufacturing
Engineering (CoSME)
CY NOV 03-04, 2016
CL Brasov, ROMANIA
SP Transilvania Univ Brasov, Fac Technol Engn & Ind Management, Dept Mfg Engn
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; HEAT-TREATMENT; METAL PARTS; EVOLUTION
AB Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the powder based additive manufacturing
technologies and it is, as well, the most rapidly growing technique in Rapid
Prototyping. In this paper is presented a microstructure analysis using Scanning
Electron Microscope (LEO 1525 SEM), of Ti6Al4V parts exposed into a corrosion
environment. The corrosion environment was generated using a salt chamber with 5%
and 10% NaCl concentration and an ACS-Sunrise climatic chamber. The parts were also
subjected to tests in order to determine their micro-hardness, followed by a
statistical processing of the obtained data. The parts, having a lattice structure,
were built on a Selective Laser Melting machine.
C1 [Lancea, Camil; Chicos, Lucia-Antoneta; Zaharia, Sebastian Marian] Transilvania
Univ Brasov, Dept Mfg Engn, Mihai Viteazu 5, Brasov, Romania.
[Pop, Mihai Alin] Transilvania Univ Brasov, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, Colina Univ 1,
Brasov, Romania.
RP Lancea, C (reprint author), Transilvania Univ Brasov, Dept Mfg Engn, Mihai
Viteazu 5, Brasov, Romania.
EM camil@unitbv.ro
RI Zaharia, Sebastian/N-5105-2017; Pop, Mihai Alin/N-2227-2017
OI Zaharia, Sebastian/0000-0002-8636-5558; Pop, Mihai
Alin/0000-0003-2753-2907
FU structural founds project PRO-DD (POS-CCE) [0.2.2.1., 123, SMIS 2637,
11/2009]; EU [228296]
FX We hereby acknowledge the structural founds project PRO-DD (POS-CCE,
0.2.2.1., ID 123, SMIS 2637, ctr. No 11/2009) for providing the
infrastructure used in this work and the project. Financial support by
the Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the 7th Framework
Programme of the EU (SFERA Grant Agreement n. 228296) is gratefully
acknowledged.
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PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 2261-236X
J9 MATEC WEB CONF
PY 2017
VL 94
AR UNSP 03009
DI 10.1051/matecconf/20179403009
PG 9
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BG9CA
UT WOS:000393034000039
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Calignano, F
Lorusso, M
Pakkanen, J
Trevisan, F
Ambrosio, EP
Manfredi, D
Fino, P
AF Calignano, F.
Lorusso, M.
Pakkanen, J.
Trevisan, F.
Ambrosio, E. P.
Manfredi, D.
Fino, P.
TI Investigation of accuracy and dimensional limits of part produced in
aluminum alloy by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; AlSi10Mg aluminum
alloy; Accuracy
ID FREEFORM FABRICATION; METAL POWDERS; HEAT-TRANSFER; MODELS; PERFORMANCE;
ORIENTATION; TOLERANCES; ROUGHNESS
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) process, an additive manufacturing (AM)
technology, has had a rapid growth in the biomedical and aerospace markets because
of the ability to manufacture complex designs directly from computer-aided design
(CAD) using materials such as titanium and aluminum alloys. Although this
technology allows designers to fabricate geometries not achievable with
conventional manufacturing, it has some restrictions. The paper presents the
technological problems and restrictions resulting in the production of structures
in aluminum alloy by SLM. In particular, it analyzed the input file of the process,
.STL file, and the dimensional limits of geometries with sharp edges as a simple
parallelepiped with a square base since the understanding of the limitations can
help the designer in the creation of new components. The creation of function-
independent design rules, easily transferrable on individual part designs, could
allow a wide industrial usage and a better knowledge of AM technologies. The
results presented in this paper showed that the choice of parameters of conversion
from the CAD model to .STL file could be a restriction for the software for
preprocessing part but also affects the surface roughness. Moreover, if a SLM
machine with a laser beam of 100 mu m is used, it is not possible to produce
geometries with sharp edges with size base below 0.8 mm in an aluminum alloy.
C1 [Calignano, F.; Lorusso, M.; Pakkanen, J.; Trevisan, F.; Ambrosio, E. P.;
Manfredi, D.; Fino, P.] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Space Human Robot, Corso Trento
[Pakkanen, J.; Trevisan, F.; Fino, P.] Politecn Torino, DISAT Dipartimento Sci
Applicata & Tecnol, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Calignano, F (reprint author), Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Space Human Robot, Corso
Trento 21, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM flaviana.calignano@iit.it
OI Fino, Paolo/0000-0002-7248-8039; Manfredi, Diego/0000-0002-2876-143X;
Calignano, Flaviana/0000-0001-7672-7650
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NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 11
U2 43
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 88
IS 1-4
BP 451
EP 458
DI 10.1007/s00170-016-8788-9
PG 8
GA EI2HV
UT WOS:000392308400039
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Miroslav, P
Pavlina, T
Jana, H
Pavel, S
Boivie, K
AF Miroslav, Piska
Pavlina, Trubacova
Jana, Hornikova
Pavel, Sandera
Boivie, Klas
BE Boukharouba, T
Pluvinage, G
Azouaoui, K
TI A Study of Selective Laser Melting Technology on the Ultra-High Strength
Tool Steel Use-Quality, Mechanical Properties and Fatigue
SO APPLIED MECHANICS, BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS, AND ENGINEERING SYSTEMS
SE Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
LA English
CT 5th Algerian Congress of Mechanics (CAM)
CY OCT 25-29, 2015
CL El Oued, ALGERIA
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; OPTIMIZATION; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION;
BEHAVIOR; PARTS
AB During the last few years, laser based powder bed fusion (PBF) processes have
received an increasing attention as a section of additive manufacturing
technologies with a rapidly growing number of established and potential industrial
applications. This paper investigates the effect that key parameters in PBF
processes have on critical material properties in high-alloyed steel samples,
manufactured under controlled process conditions such as scanning strategy, energy
density and orientation of samples in the build chamber. A Concept Laser M2 Cusing
Machine, (Concept Laser, Lichtenfels, Germany) was used for the fabrication of
samples made from MARLOK (R) C1650, an independent maraging (precipitation
hardening) tool steel. This steel is specially designed to be used in highly
demanding applications, including tools for aluminum die casting in long series
with high requirements for surface quality in the product and high fatigue
resistance in the tooling. Two series of samples were made with different hatch
spacing of the laser beam and with different orientation and angles in the build
chamber. The samples were prepared according to relevant standards including CNC
machining, with exception for a few samples that were kept in as-built condition
for comparison. Evaluation of the 3D surface quality of the machined samples and
the morphology of the fracture were done with the contact-less Alicona Infinite G4
machine and a Tescan Mira 3GM scanning electron microscope. Fatigue testing was
performed with an Instron 8874 Servohydraulic Dynamic Testing machine. The
investigations include the influence of process parameters on mechanical properties
in the final material, as well as the effect on the parametersmeasured in cyclic
material fatigue tests. A special test for assessment of machinability of the
sintered materials with turning in terms of specific cutting force has also been
performed. The results confirmed a statistically significant influence of
technological variables on the mechanical and fatigue properties. Some porosity
found in the material apparently has been the origin of several mechanisms of crack
initiation and propagation. However despite this, the results are encouraging since
optimized process conditions apparently can produce a material of good quality and
high fatigue resistance.
C1 [Miroslav, Piska; Pavlina, Trubacova; Jana, Hornikova; Pavel, Sandera] Brno Univ
Technol, Fac Mech Engn, Tech 2, Brno 61669, Czech Republic.
[Jana, Hornikova; Pavel, Sandera] Brno Univ Technol, Cent European Inst Technol,
Tech 10, Brno 61600, Czech Republic.
[Boivie, Klas] SINTEF Raufoss Mfg AS, Prod Technol Dept, SP Andersens Vei 5, NO-
7465 Trondheim, Norway.
RP Miroslav, P (reprint author), Brno Univ Technol, Fac Mech Engn, Tech 2, Brno
61669, Czech Republic.
EM piska@fme.vutbr.cz
FU BUT, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno, Specific research; Reseach
of advanced technologies for competitive machinery [FSI-S-13-2138, 2138]
FX This research work was supported by the BUT, Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Brno, Specific research 2013, with the grant "Reseach of
advanced technologies for competitive machinery", FSI-S-13-2138, ID 2138
and technical support of Intemac Solutions, Ltd., Kurim.
CR Boivie K., 2011, MAT ISSUES METAL PRI
Boivie K., OVERVIEW PROCESSE MA
10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.07.021
Catalog of LaserConcept Misan s r. o., 2013, CAT LASERCONCEPT
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 44
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 2195-4356
BN 978-3-319-41468-3; 978-3-319-41467-6
J9 LECT N MECH ENG
PY 2017
BP 67
EP 86
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-41468-3_6
PG 20
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BG8BK
UT WOS:000392176700006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Beretta, S
Romano, S
AF Beretta, S.
Romano, S.
TI A comparison of fatigue strength sensitivity to defects for materials
manufactured by AM or traditional processes
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; AlSi10Mg; Ti-6Al-4V; Fatigue limit; Delta K-th;
Short cracks
ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; CAST-ALUMINUM ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CRACK
PROPAGATION; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; A356-T6 ALLOY;
BEHAVIOR; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The fatigue behavior of metallic materials fabricated via additive manufacturing
processes is currently not well understood and it has been the subject of many
experimental investigations in recent years. In this paper we carried out a
literature review about the fatigue strength of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg
and Ti6Al4V, especially in terms of sensitivity to defects and inhomogeneities. The
analysis shows that fatigue properties and key variables (heat treatment, defect
size) are very similar to the ones of parts obtained with traditional manufacturing
processes. These results confirm that defect tolerant design concepts can be
adopted also for AM components. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beretta, S.; Romano, S.] Politecn Milan, Dept Mech Engn, Via La Masa 1, I-20156
Milan, Italy.
RP Beretta, S (reprint author), Politecn Milan, Dept Mech Engn, Via La Masa 1, I-
20156 Milan, Italy.
EM stefano.beretta@polimi.it
OI Beretta, Stefano/0000-0002-0824-8348
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NR 108
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 26
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 94
SI SI
BP 178
EP 191
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.06.020
PN 2
PG 14
GA ED3YE
UT WOS:000388783600003
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hrabe, N
Gnaupel-Herold, T
Quinn, T
AF Hrabe, Nikolas
Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas
Quinn, Timothy
TI Fatigue properties of a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) fabricated via
electron beam melting (EBM): Effects of internal defects and residual
stress
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting (EBM); Fatigue; Titanium
alloy; Residual stress
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; SIZE
AB A clear understanding of the fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured with
electron beam melting (EBM) is needed to ensure performance in critical
applications in the medical device and aerospace industries. In this work, the
effects of residual stress and internal defects (pores and voids) on fatigue
properties of EBM Ti-6Al-4V material in as-built, stress-relieved; and hot
isostatic pressed (HIPed) conditions were evaluated. Conventional techniques were
used to measure the chemical composition and quantify microstructures, and neutron
scattering was utilized to measure residual stresses. Post-processing did not alter
chemical composition. Compared to the as-built condition, microstructure was
unchanged for stress-relieved material and coarser for HIPed material. No
significant residual stresses were measured for any of the three conditions. This
indicates build platform and layer preheating lead to sufficient process
temperatures to achieve full stress relief in-situ. The fatigue strengths at 10(7)
cycles measured for the as-built and stress-relieved conditions were statistically
similar and were measured to be 200-250 MPa. A significantly higher fatigue
strength at 10(7) cycles of 550-600 MPa was measured for the HIPed condition. The
increase in fatigue endurance limit was attributed to a reduction in internal
porosity and void content. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hrabe, Nikolas; Quinn, Timothy] NIST, 325 Broadway,Stop 647, Boulder, CO 80305
USA.
[Gnaupel-Herold, Thomas] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD
20899 USA.
RP Hrabe, N (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway,Stop 647, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM nik.hrabe@nist.gov; thomas.gnaeupel-herold@nist.gov;
timothy.quinn@nist.gov
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NR 29
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 47
U2 86
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 94
SI SI
BP 202
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.04.022
PN 2
PG 9
GA ED3YE
UT WOS:000388783600005
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Greitemeier, D
Palm, F
Syassen, F
Melz, T
AF Greitemeier, Daniel
Palm, Frank
Syassen, Freerk
Melz, Tobias
TI Fatigue performance of additive manufactured TiAl6V4 using electron and
laser beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; Additive manufacturing; High cycle fatigue; Fracture
toughness; Crack growth rate
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; TI-6AL-4V
AB Increasingly, additive manufacturing is considered to reduce weight and lead
time of aerospace components. Despite the high potential of this manufacturing
technology, reliable mechanical properties are an essential prerequisite for future
series production. Therefore, the aim of this work was to contribute to an improved
understanding of the factors influencing the mechanical properties of laser powder
bed and electron beam melted TiAl6V4. Therefore, tensile tests, fracture toughness
tests, fatigue crack growth measurements for different r-ratios as well as high
cycle fatigue properties were determined for different surface roughness and heat
treatments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Greitemeier, Daniel; Palm, Frank] Airbus Grp Innovat, D-81663 Munich, Germany.
[Syassen, Freerk] Airbus Operat, D-28199 Bremen, Germany.
[Melz, Tobias] Fraunhofer Inst Struct Durabil & Syst Reliabil LB, D-64289
Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Greitemeier, D (reprint author), Airbus Grp Innovat, Mat & Proc, Metall Technol
& Surface Engn, Bldg 77E, D-81663 Munich, Germany.
EM daniel.greitemeier@airbus.com
CR [Anonymous], 2014, AIRB GLOB MARK FOR 2
Brandl E., 2010, FACULTY MECH EL IND, P135
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Reichmuth J, INV C TRANSP SCOP FR
Vlcek J., P 136 TMS MIN MET MA, P89
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 23
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 94
SI SI
BP 211
EP 217
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.001
PN 2
PG 7
GA ED3YE
UT WOS:000388783600006
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gunther, J
Krewerth, D
Lippmann, T
Leuders, S
Troster, T
Weidner, A
Biermann, H
Niendorf, T
AF Guenther, J.
Krewerth, D.
Lippmann, T.
Leuders, S.
Troester, T.
Weidner, A.
Biermann, H.
Niendorf, T.
TI Fatigue life of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V in the very high cycle
fatigue regime
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Selective electron beam melting; Titanium; Very
high cycle fatigue; Failure
ID IN-SITU THERMOGRAPHY; BETA-TITANIUM-ALLOYS; CRACK-INITIATION; BIOMEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ULTRASONIC FATIGUE;
RESIDUAL-STRESSES; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; INCONEL 718; 20 KHZ
AB The present study reports on the impact of two different additive manufacturing
routes, i.e. selective electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser melting
(SLM) on the fatigue life of the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in the high cycle fatigue
(HCF) and in the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime. Cylindrical fatigue
specimens were manufactured by EBM and SLM and tested in differently post-treated
conditions. The EBM specimens were tested in the as-built condition, SLM
manufactured specimens were heat treated at 800 degrees C and hot isostatically
pressed, respectively. The type, size and location of every crack initiating
discontinuity was determined and thoroughly investigated by scanning electron
microscopy. Three main findings were derived from the present investigation.
Fatigue properties of as-built EBM and stress relieved SLM specimens in the HCF and
VHCF regimes are very similar. Defect types and defect sizes of similar nature were
observed in both conditions. In consequence, stress relieving heat treatment has
not to be conducted in EBM processed Ti-6Al-4V. The shape of the discontinuities,
however, currently is not considered by traditional approaches for estimation of
fatigue strength. The fatigue performance of the SLM processed and subsequently hot
isostatically pressed condition is superior to its two additively manufactured
counterparts and similar to conventionally processed material. Duplex S-N behavior
with a clear transition area was observed in case of the Ti-6Al-4V specimens
tested. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guenther, J.; Krewerth, D.; Lippmann, T.; Weidner, A.; Biermann, H.; Niendorf,
T.] Tech Univ Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Mat Engn, Gustav Zeuner Str 5, D-09599
Freiberg, Germany.
[Leuders, S.; Troester, T.] DMRC, Mersinweg 3, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Niendorf, T.] Univ Kassel, Inst Mat Engn, Monchebergstr 3, D-34125 Kassel,
Germany.
RP Niendorf, T (reprint author), Univ Kassel, Inst Mat Engn, Monchebergstr 3, D-
34125 Kassel, Germany.
EM niendorf@uni-kassel.de
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [NI1327/7-1]; Direct Manufacturing
Research Center (DMRC)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
for supporting this study under Contract No. NI1327/7-1. In addition,
the authors would like to thank for the support by Direct Manufacturing
Research Center (DMRC) and Mr. K. Konig (Institute of Materials
Engineering, TU Bergakademie Freiberg) for specimen turning.
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NR 65
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 25
U2 75
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 94
SI SI
BP 236
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.05.018
PN 2
PG 10
GA ED3YE
UT WOS:000388783600008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Seifi, M
Salem, A
Satko, D
Shaffer, J
Lewandowski, JJ
AF Seifi, Mohsen
Salem, Ayman
Satko, Daniel
Shaffer, Joshua
TI Defect distribution and microstructure heterogeneity effects on fracture
resistance and fatigue behavior of EBM Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Ti-6Al-4V; Electron Beam Melting;
Microstructure; Defect; Fracture toughness; Fatigue crack growth
ID LASER-DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; BEAM MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
MELTING EBM; EVOLUTION; TITANIUM; ALLOY; TEXTURE; SIZE
AB Recent work has documented orientation-dependent fracture and fatigue properties
of as-deposited Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by electron beam melting, in addition to
providing a modified ASTM nomenclature to begin the discussion of possible
orientations to consider for mechanical characterization. In this work, the role of
location-specific defect distribution and microstructure variation on fracture
resistance of Ti-6Al-4V produced via different generation of Arcam machines (e.g.
A2, A2X) is reported, along with the effects of subsequent hot isostatic pressing
(HIP) treatments. Microstructure informatics of measured EBSD of alpha phase,
reconstructed EBSD data for beta phase, defect distributions from mu CT scans, and
fracture surface morphologies were used to establish correlations between
microstructure and mechanical performance. In the fatigue crack growth tests, the
fatigue threshold, Paris law slope, and stress intensity at overload were
determined at various load ratios while fatigue precracked samples were also tested
to determine the fracture toughness using an R-curve approach since samples were
not thick enough for valid plane strain K-IC. Distinct differences in both the
magnitude of toughness and crack growth resistance behavior were documented for the
as-deposited and HIP samples. Fracture surface examination and mu CT scans revealed
lack of fusion defects, disbonded regions, and random/isolated porosity for the as-
deposited samples tested in this study. However, the resulting fracture/fatigue
properties were in the range of those reported for the cast and wrought Ti-6Al-4V.
HIPping eliminated the porosity/defects but HIPped samples exhibited coarsening of
the alpha laths and changes to the magnitude of toughness and crack growth
resistance. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[Salem, Ayman; Satko, Daniel; Shaffer, Joshua] Mat Resources LLC, Dayton, OH
USA.
RP Seifi, M; Lewandowski, JJ (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
EM mohsen.seifi@case.edu; JJL3@case.edu
RI Lewandowski, John/S-3815-2017
OI Lewandowski, John/0000-0002-3389-2637; Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502;
Seifi, Mohsen/0000-0001-8385-2337
FU America Makes, the National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute
[4009, FA8650-12-2-7230]; ASTM International Scholarship Awards;
Armington Professorship; NAVAIR SBIR [N6833515C0209]
FX This work partly was supported by America Makes, the National Additive
Manufacturing Innovation Institute, under Project No. 4009: "Rapid
Qualification Methods for Powder Bed Direct Metal Additive Manufacturing
Processes" through Contract No. FA8650-12-2-7230. Additional support was
provided by two ASTM International Scholarship Awards (M. Seifi) and the
Armington Professorship (J.J. Lewandowski). M. Seifi appreciates various
discussions with ASTM F42/E08/E07 committee members as well as
significant interactions with YXLON International (a division of COMET
Technologies USA) to generate mu CT results in addition to Keyence
Corporation of America providing access to digital microscopy as well as
Pressure Technology Inc. (PTI (TM)) for providing HIPping service. A2-
and A2X-processed samples were fabricated by collaborators at NCSU and
Pratt & Whitney respectively. J.J. Lewandowski and M. Seifi also
appreciate the provision of high computing power clusters by the CWRU
ITS department as well as various fruitful discussions with AFRL/WPAFB
and Pratt & Whitney collaborators. Helpful comments on build layouts
were provided by Dr. Edwin Schwalbach at AFRL. Microstructural analyses
at MRL by AAS, DBS, and JS were supported under a NAVAIR SBIR through a
project titled: "Adaptive Microstructure-Based Approach for Rapid
Qualification by Similarity of Ti-6Al-4V Parts Manufactured by Additive
Manufacturing (AM) Techniques", contract No. N6833515C0209.
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NR 68
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 36
U2 76
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 94
SI SI
BP 263
EP 287
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.06.001
PN 2
PG 25
GA ED3YE
UT WOS:000388783600011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sartori, S
Moro, L
Ghiotti, A
Bruschi, S
AF Sartori, S.
Moro, L.
Ghiotti, A.
Bruschi, S.
TI On the tool wear mechanisms in dry and cryogenic turning Additive
Manufactured titanium alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6Al4V; Cryogenic machining; Tool wear
ID CARBIDE TOOLS; TI-ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI6AL4V; BEHAVIOR; POWDERS
AB Ti6Al4V is commonly considered a difficult-to-cut metal alloy. In order to
increase its machinability reducing the cutting temperature, cryogenic cooling with
Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) has recently received much attention especially in the
biomedical field being non-toxic, safe and clean. This work is aimed at
investigating the effectiveness of this cooling strategy in comparison with dry
cutting in semi-finishing turning different Ti6Al4V microstructural variants
produced by two Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques, namely Direct Metal Laser
Sintering (DMLS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM). The obtained results prove a
correlation between the mechanical and thermal properties of the investigated
alloys and the tool wear mechanisms in both dry cutting and cryogenic cooling
conditions.
C1 [Sartori, S.; Moro, L.; Ghiotti, A.; Bruschi, S.] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via
Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
RP Sartori, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM stefano.sartori@dii.unipd.it
OI Moro, Lorenzo/0000-0001-9340-3463; Ghiotti, Andrea/0000-0003-1050-1741
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NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 18
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0301-679X
EI 1879-2464
J9 TRIBOL INT
JI Tribol. Int.
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 105
BP 264
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.09.034
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA ED3VV
UT WOS:000388777500026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Pawlak, A
Rosienkiewicz, M
Chlebus, E
AF Pawlak, Andrzej
Rosienkiewicz, Maria
Chlebus, Edward
TI Design of experiments approach in AZ31 powder selective laser melting
process optimization
SO ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Magnesium alloy; Design of experiments;
Additive manufacturing; Process optimization
ID PARAMETERS; IMPLANTS
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are used to produce objects from a wide
variety of materials. Technologies that enable processing of metal engineering
materials such as selective laser melting have become particularly important. The
group of materials processed in this technology comprises stainless steel, CoCr,
titanium and aluminum alloys and is continuously expanding to include new
materials.
The results of studies into AZ31 magnesium powder selective laser melting
process optimization are presented in this paper. Optimization was aimed at
minimizing the melted material porosity and determining the influence of and
correlations between the analyzed process parameters. Design of experiments (DOE)
approach was used, specifically full factorial design for three factors and
rotatable design for two factors. Satisfactory porosity values were obtained in the
<0.5% range. The results were used to prepare a mathematical model for the
resulting porosity depending on the parameters used. Additionally, it was shown
that information on linear energy density and scan velocity is not sufficient to
describe the SLM process, and that it is necessary to provide detailed values of
component parameters. (C) 2016 Politechnika Wroclawska. Published by Elsevier Sp. z
o.o. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pawlak, Andrzej; Rosienkiewicz, Maria; Chlebus, Edward] Wroclaw Univ Technol,
Fac Mech Engn, CAMT, Lukasiewicza 5, PL-50371 Wroclaw, Poland.
RP Pawlak, A (reprint author), Wroclaw Univ Technol, Fac Mech Engn, CAMT,
Lukasiewicza 5, PL-50371 Wroclaw, Poland.
EM andrzej.p.pawlak@pwr.edu.pl
RI Rosienkiewicz, Maria/L-1637-2017
OI Rosienkiewicz, Maria/0000-0002-6976-352X
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NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 61
PU ELSEVIER URBAN & PARTNER SP Z O O
PI WROCLAW
PA UL KOSCIUSZKI 29, WROCLAW, 50-011, POLAND
SN 1644-9665
EI 2083-3318
J9 ARCH CIV MECH ENG
JI Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 17
IS 1
BP 9
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.acme.2016.07.007
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA EC8ZS
UT WOS:000388432200002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gasper, AND
Catchpole-Smith, S
Clare, AT
AF Gasper, A. N. D.
Catchpole-Smith, S.
Clare, A. T.
TI In-situ synthesis of titanium aluminides by direct metal deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium aluminides; Laser; Deposition; Functional grading; Additive
manufacturing; AM
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS; STRUCTURAL-MATERIALS; TIAL
ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; DIFFUSION; LAYER
AB This study explores the capabilities of methods for in-situ synthesis of
titanium aluminides using the Direct Metal Deposition process. This allows for the
functional grading of components which will be required for next generation
aerospace components. The feasibility of three techniques are explored here;
firstly, a new process of powder preparation for Additive Manufacturing,
satelliting, in which a larger parent powder is coated with a smaller powder
fraction. Here, Al parent particles are satellited with fine TiO2 to produce an
intermetallic matrix composite with Al2O3 particulates. The satelliting procedure
is shown to increase capability and mixing of in situ synthesis. Secondly, combined
wire and single powder feeding is explored through the use of Ti wire and Al powder
to create Ti-50Al(at%). Finally, a combination of wire and loose mixed powders is
explored to produce the commercially deployed Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%) alloy. The
simultaneous wire and powder delivery is designed to overcome issues encountered
when processing with single powder or wire feedstocks, whilst allowing for on-the-
fly changes in elemental composition required for functional grading.
Characterisation of the deposits produced, through OM, SEM, and EDX, reveal the
influence of key processing parameters and provides a meaningful basis for
comparison between the techniques. Results show that it is possible to produce
alpha(2) + gamma two-phase microstructures consistent with previous studies which
have relied upon more expensive and harder to obtain pre-alloyed feedstocks. This
represents a move forward in manufacturability for an emergent process type. (C)
2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Gasper, A. N. D.; Catchpole-Smith, S.; Clare, A. T.] Univ Nottingham, EPSRC Ctr
Addit Mfg & Printing 3D, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
RP Clare, AT (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Room A49,Coates Bldg,Univ Pk,
Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM Alexander.Gasper@nottingham.ac.uk; ezxsc3@nottingham.ac.uk;
adam.clare@nottingham.ac.uk
OI Gasper, Alexander/0000-0003-2550-7636
FU EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK) Centre
for Doctoral Training in Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing
[EP/L01534X/1]
FX This work was funded through the EPSRC (Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council, UK) Centre for Doctoral Training in Additive
Manufacturing and 3D Printing (EP/L01534X/1). The authors would also
like to thank Mr Stuart Branston for his assistance with operation and
running of the laser deposition without whom this work would not be
possible.
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NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 67
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JAN
PY 2017
VL 239
BP 230
EP 239
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.08.031
PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA DY7OH
UT WOS:000385318300024
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Speirs, M
Wang, X
Van Baelen, S
Ahadi, A
Dadbakhsh, S
Kruth, JP
Van Humbeeck, J
AF Speirs, Mathew
Wang, X.
Van Baelen, S.
Ahadi, A.
Dadbakhsh, S.
Kruth, J. -P.
Van Humbeeck, J.
TI On the Transformation Behavior of NiTi Shape-Memory Alloy Produced by
SLM
SO SHAPE MEMORY AND SUPERELASTICITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel titanium; Selective laser melting; Shape-memory effect;
Transformation temperature; Additive manufacturing
ID PROCESS PARAMETERS; SUPERELASTIC NITI; LASER; TEMPERATURES; IMPLANTS;
SIZE
AB Selective laser melting has been applied as a production technique of nickel
titanium (NiTi) parts. In this study, the scanning parameters and atmosphere
control used during production were varied to assess the effects on the final
component transformation criteria. Two production runs were completed: one in a
high (similar to 1800 ppm O-2) and one in a low-oxygen (similar to 220 ppm O-2)
environment. Further solution treatment was applied to analyze precipitation
effects. It was found that the transformation temperature varies greatly even at
identical energy densities highlighting the need for further in-depth
investigations. In this respect, it was observed that oxidation was the dominating
factor, increased with higher laser power adapted to higher scanning velocity. Once
the atmospheric oxygen content was lowered from 1800 to about 220 ppm, a much
smaller variation of transformation temperatures was obtained. In addition to
oxidation, other contributing factors, such as nickel depletion (via evaporation
during processing) as well as thermal stresses and textures, are further discussed
and/or postulated. These results demonstrated the importance of processing and
material conditions such as O-2 content, powder composition, and laser scanning
parameters. These parameters should be precisely controlled to reach desired
transformation criteria for functional components made by SLM.
C1 [Speirs, Mathew; Van Baelen, S.; Dadbakhsh, S.; Kruth, J. -P.] Katholieke Univ
Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, Louvain, Belgium.
[Wang, X.; Van Humbeeck, J.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, Louvain,
Belgium.
[Ahadi, A.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
RP Speirs, M (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, Louvain,
Belgium.
EM mathew.speirs@kuleuven.be
FU EU 7th framework program (FP7) under Marie Curie ITN project BioTiNet
[264635]; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [G036615N]
FX The authors acknowledge support within the EU 7th framework program
(FP7) under Marie Curie ITN project BioTiNet (Grant No. 264635). Xiebin
Wang wishes to thank the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) under Grant
No. G036615N. The assistance from X. Zhang with the XRD measurements and
D. Winant with the DSC measurements is highly appreciated.
CR Ahadi A, 2015, ACTA MATER, V90, P272, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.02.024
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10.1016/j.msea.2015.10.032
5093(99)00294-4
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10.1016/j.msea.2006.02.166
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Waitz T, 2007, J MECH PHYS SOLIDS, V55, P419, DOI 10.1016/j.jmps.2006.06.006
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
SN 2199-384X
EI 2199-3858
J9 SHAPE MEM SUPERELAST
JI Shape Mem. Superelasticity
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 4
BP 310
EP 316
DI 10.1007/s40830-016-0083-y
PG 7
GA FF2RE
UT WOS:000408743700003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Book, TA
Sangid, MD
AF Book, Todd A.
Sangid, Michael D.
TI Strain localization in Ti-6Al-4V Widmanstatten microstructures produced
by additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Microstructure; Digital image correlation; Strain localization;
Ti-6Al-4V; Additive manufacturing; Prior beta boundaries
ID SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ALPHA/BETA TITANIUM-ALLOY;
GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; SLIP TRANSFER; AL ALLOY; FATIGUE; DEFORMATION;
MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE
AB Although Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers numerous performance advantages over
existing methods, AM structures are not being utilized for critical aerospace and
mechanical applications due to uncertainties in their structural integrity as a
result of microstructural variations and defects arising from the AM process
itself. With strain localization serving as a precursor for material failure, the
impact of microstructural variations in Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS)
produced Ti-6Al-4V on strain localization is investigated through high resolution
digital image correlation as a result of monotonic and cyclic loading for both
stress relieved and mill annealed specimens. From the experimental
characterizations, it was observed that the former beta phase boundaries that
enclose separate microtextured regions and the a lathe's major axis orientations
play a critical role in the localization of strain with respect to the
Widmanstatten microstructures exhibited by DMLS Ti-6Al-4V. The results show a
potential opportunity to improve the performance of DMLS produced Ti-6Al-4V by
decreasing the size of the beta grains during the solidification process through
higher cooling rates and a build strategy that avoids the reheating of solidified
material as much as possible to prevent beta grain growth. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Book, Todd A.; Sangid, Michael D.] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, 701 W
Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Sangid, MD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, 701 W
Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM msangid@purdue.edu
FU DARPA [N66001-14-1-4041]
FX This work was financially supported by DARPA (N66001-14-1-4041) under
program manager M. Maher and team: J. Margiotta, D. Cheng, D. Schesser,
W. Roy, J. Williams, and B. Cowles. The Ti-6Al-4V specimens were
manufactured by R. Martukanitz and K. Meinert at Penn State University's
Center for Innovative Materials Processing through Direct Digital
Deposition (CIMP-3D). We would like to thank Professor J. Williams for
insightful and helpful discussions, J. Rotella and Dr. A. Mello for
their assistance with experimental protocols, and Dr. C. Gilpen for his
expertise in electron microscopy.
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[Anonymous], 2009, VIC 2D COMP SOFTW
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 26
PI NEW YORK
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 122
BP 104
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2016.10.018
PG 9
GA EG0NA
UT WOS:000390728300015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hurst, RC
Lancaster, RJ
Jeffs, SP
Bache, MR
AF Hurst, Roger C.
Lancaster, Robert J.
Jeffs, Spencer P.
Bache, Martin R.
TI The contribution of small punch testing towards the development of
materials for aero-engine applications
SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS
LA English
CT 33rd Annual Meetings of the
Spanish-Group-on-Fracture-and-Structural-Integrity
CY MAR 09-19, 2016
CL San Sebastian, SPAIN
SP Spanish Grp Fracture & Struct Integr
DE Small punch; Review; Aero-engine materials
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SUPERALLOY; TITANIUM ALUMINIDE TI-45AL-2MN-2NB;
HIGH-TEMPERATURE; CREEP-BEHAVIOR
AB This paper, invited for presentation at the 33rd Meeting of the Spanish Group on
Fracture and Structural Integrity, March 2016 in San Sebastian, Spain, reviews the
recent work carried out in the authors' laboratory, addressing the elucidation of
tensile and creep characteristics of materials for aero engine components. Two
specific applications of the Small Punch (SP) test assessment technology were
identified, the first of these takes on board the unique potential of the SP test
for testing small quantities of materials which are either in development or
through their directional structure cannot easily be produced in quantities which
would allow conventional mechanical testing. This goal also required the
development and procurement of new SP test facilities capable of operation up to
1150 degrees C. The examples given in this paper are TiAl intermetallic alloys and
nickel based single crystals, all studied utilising the Code of Practice for SP
Creep Testing. The second application illustrates the use of SP testing to assess
both the tensile and creep properties of additive layer manufactured (ALM) alloys
such as IN718 and Ti-6Al-4V using the Code of Practice for SP Tensile and Fracture
Testing. Due to the unavailability of sufficient material to facilitate
conventional testing for comparison of materials property data, SP testing is
unable to provide absolute data for all of these applications, nevertheless the
ranking capabilities of SP testing are demonstrably proven. (C) 2016 The Authors.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hurst, Roger C.; Lancaster, Robert J.; Jeffs, Spencer P.; Bache, Martin R.]
Swansea Univ, Inst Struct Mat, Bay Campus,Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, W Glam,
Wales.
RP Lancaster, RJ (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Inst Struct Mat, Bay Campus,Fabian
Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, W Glam, Wales.
EM r.j.lancaster@swansea.ac.uk
OI Jeffs, Spencer/0000-0002-2819-9651; Lancaster,
Robert/0000-0002-1365-6944
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NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-8442
EI 1872-7638
J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC
JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech.
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 86
SI SI
BP 69
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.tafmec.2016.07.013
PN A
PG 9
GA ED8HB
UT WOS:000389111500011
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhai, YW
Lados, DA
Brown, EJ
Vigilante, GN
AF Zhai, Yuwei
Lados, Diana A.
Brown, Eric J.
Vigilante, Gregory N.
TI Fatigue crack growth behavior and microstructural mechanisms in
Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by laser engineered net shaping
LA English
DT Article
DE LENS; Ti-6Al-4V; Microstructure; Long and small fatigue crack growth;
Fatigue crack growth mechanisms
ID RESISTANT TI ALLOY; DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; FABRICATION; EVOLUTION; BUILDS
AB Laser engineered net shaping (LENS) is an additive manufacturing technique
developed specifically for fabricating metallic materials, such as steel, titanium
alloys, and nickel-based superalloys, which are widely used in critical structural
components. The layering procedure, cyclic heating, and fast cooling during LENS
generate unique microstructural features and mechanical properties. Numerous
research studies have been conducted mainly in areas including process-related
simulation, microstructure characterization, and the performance of LENS fabricated
materials under static loading conditions. The fatigue and fatigue crack growth
properties and mechanisms in LENS materials, however, have not been thoroughly
investigated. In this study, long fatigue crack growth tests were conducted at two
stress ratios = 0.1 and 0.8) in Ti-6Al-4V fabricated utilizing different LENS
processing parameters, in both as fabricated and heat treated conditions.
Microstructurally-small fatigue crack growth testing was also conducted. Both long
and small fatigue crack growth mechanisms were established. Data and fundamental
knowledge that facilitate the application of LENS in the design and repair of
structural components were generated in this study and will be systematically
discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zhai, Yuwei; Lados, Diana A.] Worcester Polytech Inst, Integrat Mat Design Ctr,
100 Inst Rd, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
[Brown, Eric J.; Vigilante, Gregory N.] Benet Labs, 1 Buffington St, Watervliet,
NY 12189 USA.
RP Zhai, YW (reprint author), Worcester Polytech Inst, Integrat Mat Design Ctr, 100
Inst Rd, Worcester, MA 01609 USA.
EM yzhai@wpi.edu
RI Lados, Diana/C-8814-2017
OI Lados, Diana/0000-0003-1903-1563
CR Kool GA, ICAF BRIDGING GAP TH, P1261
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NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 46
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 93
BP 51
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.08.009
PN 1
PG 13
GA DZ1JY
UT WOS:000385595900005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Esfahani, SN
Andani, MT
Moghaddam, NS
Mirzaeifar, R
Elahinia, M
AF Esfahani, Sajedeh Nasr
Mirzaeifar, Reza
Elahinia, Mohammad
TI Independent tuning of stiffness and toughness of additively manufactured
titanium-polymer composites: Simulation, fabrication, and experimental
studies
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium composite; Toughness; Selective laser
melting; Porous implant
ID BEAM MELTING(R) EBM; POROUS TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
MICROSTRUCTURES; IMPLANTS; STRESS; METALS
AB Titanium (Ti) alloys are one of the most appropriate metals for bio-medical
applications, specifically in making implants. However, the high difference between
the stiffness of the Ti alloys and compact bone results in stress shielding of the
bone and stress concentration at the implant, both of which are undesirable and
could result in implant failure. One method to reduce the stiffness of a dense
implants and avoid the stress shielding is adding porosity to the structure. This
however results in considerable reduction in the toughness of the structure, which
is also undesirable for the long-term success of implants. In this work, we study a
new method for independently tuning the stiffness and toughness of the material by
adding various polymers to the additively manufactured porous Ti structures. Porous
Ti samples with two levels of porosity are fabricated through additive
manufacturing. Three different types of thermoplastic polymers are utilized to fill
the pores and make the titanium-polymer composite parts. Compression simulations
and tests. are performed on both porous and composite specimens to compare the
mechanical behavior of these structures. Various finite element simulations are
conducted on different structures and the results are verified with experiments.
Simulation results and experimental findings indicate that filling porous Ti with
thermoplastic polymers leads to an increase in the toughness of the structure. The
percentage increase of the toughness is assessed as a function of the polymer
toughness and the level of porosity in various samples. Our results pave the way
for designing polymer-composite structures with independently tunable stiffness and
toughness for being employed in a broad range of applications. (C) 2016 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Esfahani, Sajedeh Nasr; Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh;
Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab,
2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Esfahani, Sajedeh Nasr] Univ Michigan, Coll Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Integrated
Biosyst & Biomech Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Mirzaeifar, Reza] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn,
Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Elahinia, M (reprint author), 2801 W Bancroft St MS 312, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM sanasr@umich.edu; mtaheri@umich.edu;
narges.shayestehmoghaddam@rockets.utoledo.edu; rmirzaei@vt.edu;
mohammad.elahinia@utoledo.edu
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010]; TVSF
[TECG2014095]; NASA EPSCOR program [NNX11AQ31A]
FX The authors acknowledge funding by the US State of Ohio Department of
Development through grant WP10-010 (Nitinol Commercialization
Accelerator), TVSF grants TECG2014095 and NASA EPSCOR program under
grant No: NNX11AQ31A.
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NR 27
TC 4
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 87
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 238
BP 22
EP 29
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.06.035
PG 8
Multidisciplinary
GA DV9VY
UT WOS:000383291500004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Lin, X
Tan, H
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Q.
Chen, J.
Lin, X.
Tan, H.
Huang, W. D.
TI Grain morphology control and texture characterization of laser solid
formed Ti6Al2Sn2Zr3Mo1.5Cr2Nb titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Solidification microstructure; Grain morphology
control; Texture characterization; Titanium alloy
ID MICROSTRUCTURE FORMATION; TI-6AL-4V COMPONENTS; POWDER DEPOSITION;
CRYSTAL-GROWTH; WIRE; SUPERALLOY; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; BORON
AB To better understand beta grain morphology control during the laser additive
manufacturing of titanium alloys, a damage tolerance alpha+beta titanium alloy,
Ti6Al2Sn2Zr3Mo1.5Cr2Nb alloy, was built by laser solid forming (LSF) with different
process strategies. The corresponding microstructure and macrotexture were
investigated using optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Near equiaxed grains,
columnar grains (both vertical and inclined) and mixed grain morphology were
obtained by suitable control of the processing parameters. The surviving captured
powders in the molten pool could act as a substrate core for equiaxed dendritic
growth. A lower laser energy density and smaller remelt depth are critical for the
formation of equiaxed grains. As expected, near equiaxed grains are more isotropic
in crystallographic texture. Both vertical and inclined columnar grains, which
exhibit strong but imperfect < 100 > fiber texture, are easy to obtain using higher
laser energy density. The formation of the inclined columnar grains is attributed
to the main heat flow direction occurring along the deposition direction and
inclining towards the laser scanning direction. The imperfect fiber texture
characterization was obtained due to the hereditary crystallographic orientation of
the wrought substrate, as certain preferred (100) poles of the substrate present a
minimal angle with the temperature gradient at the bottom of the molten pool. Based
on the mechanisms of grain morphology formation and the relationship with the
processing parameters, the grain morphology and texture in LSFed titanium alloy can
be controlled. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Q.; Chen, J.; Lin, X.; Tan, H.; Huang, W. D.] Northwestern Polytech
Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, J; Lin, X (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab
EM phd2003cjj@nwpu.edu.cn; xlin@nwpu.edu.cn
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing
(NWPU) and China [151-ZH-2016]; National Key Technologies RD Program
[2016YFB11000100]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51475380, 51323008, 51271213]; Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities [3102015BJ(II)ZS013]; Program of Introducing
Talents of Discipline to Universities, China [08040]
FX This work was supported by the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory
of Solidification Processing (NWPU) and China (Grant No.151-ZH-2016) and
the National Key Technologies R&D Program (2016YFB11000100) and National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51475380, Grant No.
51323008 and Grant No. 51271213) and Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (Grant No. 3102015BJ(II)ZS013) and the Program of
Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities, China (No. 08040).
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NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 50
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD DEC
PY 2016
VL 238
BP 202
EP 211
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.07.011
PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA DV9VY
UT WOS:000383291500023
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Pouzet, S
Peyre, P
Gorny, C
Castelnau, O
Baudin, T
Brisset, F
Colin, C
Gadaud, P
AF Pouzet, S.
Peyre, P.
Gorny, C.
Castelnau, O.
Baudin, T.
Brisset, F.
Colin, C.
Gadaud, P.
TI Additive layer manufacturing of titanium matrix composites using the
direct metal deposition laser process
LA English
DT Article
DE DMD; Laser; Titanium; Composites; TiB
ID IN-SITU FORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; B4C; TIB;
FABRICATION; COATINGS
AB Titanium Matrix Composites (TMC's) containing various volume fractions of
(TiB+TiC) particles have been deposited from powder feedstocks consisting of a
blend of pre-alloyed (Ti-6Al-4V+B4C) powders, using the direct metal deposition
(DMD) laser process and the in-situ chemical reaction 5Ti+-B4C--> 4TiB+TiC. Process
optimization has allowed to obtain a homogeneous distribution of tiny TiB whiskers
within the Ti-6Al-4V alpha/beta matrix, with a full solubilization of C for low B4C
contents (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt%), and the formation of a small amount of globular TiC
particles at higher B4C content (3%). Comparisons with Ti-6Al-4V DMD walls revealed
a substantial grain refinement on TMC's due to enhanced grain nucleation on TiB
whiskers, even for low B4C contents. Last, mechanical investigations indicated an
increase of 10-15% of Vickers hardness, and a constant 10% increase of Young
modulus on a large temperature range (20-600 degrees C) for all B4C content. (C)
C1 [Pouzet, S.; Peyre, P.; Gorny, C.; Castelnau, O.] CNRS, PIMM Lab, UMR 8006, Arts
& Metiers Paristech,CNAM, F-75013 Paris, France.
[Baudin, T.; Brisset, F.] Univ Paris 11, ICMMO, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Colin, C.] Mines Paris Tech, Ctr Mat, F-91000 Evry, France.
[Gadaud, P.] Univ Poitiers, Inst PPRIME, UMR CNRS CNRS ENSMA, F-86961
Futuroscope, France.
RP Pouzet, S (reprint author), CNRS, PIMM Lab, UMR 8006, Arts & Metiers
Paristech,CNAM, F-75013 Paris, France.
EM sebastienpouzet@hotmail.fr
OI Castelnau, Olivier/0000-0001-7422-294X
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Wang MM, 2006, MATER DESIGN, V27, P494, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.030
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.11.009
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 13
U2 67
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD NOV 20
PY 2016
VL 677
BP 171
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.09.002
PG 11
GA EA9SX
UT WOS:000386986100019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lhuissier, P
de Formanoir, C
Martin, G
Dendievel, R
Godet, S
AF Lhuissier, Pierre
de Formanoir, Charlotte
Martin, Guilhem
Dendievel, Remy
Godet, Stephane
TI Geometrical control of lattice structures produced by EBM through
chemical etching: Investigations at the scale of individual struts
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron Beam Melting; X-ray tomography; Cellular automaton; Lattice
structure; Chemical etching; Mechanical efficiency
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLULAR TITANIUM; MESH ARRAYS; IMPLANTS;
BEHAVIOR; ALLOY
AB A major drawback of metal additive manufacturing is the surface roughness of the
manufactured components. This is even more critical when complex lattice structures
are considered. An octet-truss lattice structure was fabricated by Electron Beam
Melting. A chemical post-treatment was applied in order to improve the surface
quality. The morphology of individual struts was characterized experimentally by
high resolution X-ray tomography after different chemical etching times. The
chemical etching treatment was found to be beneficial as it decreases significantly
the occurrence of surface defects. The evolution of the elastic mechanical
properties with the etching time was determined by FFT computations directly
applied to the 3D volume of the struts. A cellular automaton based model was also
developed in order to predict the morphological evolution of the as-built strut
during etching. The model enables to predict the kinetics of dissolution as well as
the evolution of the surface defects and the elastic mechanical properties of the
samples. It also enables to determine the required etching time to firstly remove
powder particles stuck to the surface and secondly to reduce the plate-pile like
defect occurrence. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lhuissier, Pierre; Martin, Guilhem; Dendievel, Remy] Univ Grenoble Alpes,
SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Lhuissier, Pierre; Martin, Guilhem; Dendievel, Remy] CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble,
France.
[de Formanoir, Charlotte; Godet, Stephane] Univ Libre Bruxelles, 4MAT, 50 Av FD
Roosevelt,CP 165-63, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Martin, G (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble,
France.
EM guilhem.martin@simap.grenoble-inp.fr
FU "Investments for the Future" Program [AN-10-LABX-44-01]; F.R.I.A. -
F.N.R.S.
FX This work was performed within the framework of the Center of Excellence
of Multifunctional Architectured Materials "CEMAM" noAN-10-LABX-44-01
funded by the "Investments for the Future" Program. The authors are also
grateful to the F.R.I.A. - F.N.R.S. for financing part of this research.
CR Cheng XY, 2012, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V16, P153, DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.10.005
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10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.052
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Uhlmann E., 2015, 15 CIRP C MOD MACH O, V31, P209
10.1016/j.msea.2011.06.045
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 15
PY 2016
VL 110
BP 485
EP 493
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.08.029
PG 9
GA DZ1LV
UT WOS:000385600800053
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Toh, WQ
Wang, P
Tan, XP
Nai, MLS
Liu, E
Tor, SB
AF Toh, Wei Quan
Wang, Pan
Tan, Xipeng
Liu, Erjia
Tor, Shu Beng
TI Microstructure and Wear Properties of Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V
Parts: A Comparison Study against As-Cast Form
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; 3D printing; electron beam melting; titanium
alloys; microstructure; wear properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOY; MICROHARDNESS; EVOLUTION; TEXTURE; RATES;
MAPS
AB Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) parts of varying thicknesses were additively manufactured (AM)
by the powder-bed-based electron beam melting (EBM) technique. Microstructure and
wear properties of these EBM-built Ti-6Al-4V parts have been investigated in
comparison with conventionally cast Ti64 samples. Sliding wear tests were conducted
using a ball-on-disc micro-tribometer under ambient conditions. Experimental
results reveal that EBM-built Ti64 samples exhibited higher microhardness and an
overall larger coefficient of friction as compared to the as-cast counterpart. Of
interest is that the corresponding specific wear volumes were lower for EBM-built
Ti64 samples, while the as-cast Ti64 showed the poorest wear resistance despite its
lower coefficient of friction. Wear mechanisms were provided in terms of
quantitative microstructural characterization and detailed analysis on coefficient
of friction (COF) curves.
C1 [Toh, Wei Quan; Tan, Xipeng; Liu, Erjia; Tor, Shu Beng] Nanyang Technol Univ,
Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore
639798, Singapore.
[Wang, Pan] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 73 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637662,
Singapore.
RP Tan, XP; Liu, E (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing
3D, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM tohw0023@e.ntu.edu.sg; wangp@simtech.a-star.edu.sg; xptan1985@gmail.com;
mlnai@simtech.a-star.edu.sg; mejliu@ntu.edu.sg; msbtor@ntu.edu.sg
RI Liu, Erjia/A-3865-2011; Tan, Xipeng/K-2247-2012
OI Tan, Xipeng/0000-0003-3392-8254; Wang, Pan/0000-0002-2079-9580
FU A*Star Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3;
National Research Foundation (NRF), Singapore
FX The authors are grateful for financial support provided by A*Star
Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3. We
acknowledge the use of resources in Singapore Centre for 3D Printing
(SC3DP) funded by the National Research Foundation (NRF), Singapore.
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NR 31
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 28
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 11
AR 284
DI 10.3390/met6110284
PG 13
Engineering
GA EE4UI
UT WOS:000389600400031
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, MX
Liu, CM
Shi, XZ
Chen, XP
Chen, C
Zuo, JH
Lu, JP
Ma, SY
AF Zhang, Meixia
Liu, Changmeng
Shi, Xuezhi
Chen, Xianping
Chen, Cheng
Zuo, Jianhua
Lu, Jiping
Ma, Shuyuan
TI Residual Stress, Defects and Grain Morphology of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Produced by Ultrasonic Impact Treatment Assisted Selective Laser Melting
SO Applied Sciences-Basel
LA English
DT Letter
DE selective laser melting; ultrasonic impact treatment; residual stress;
defects; grain
ID TITANIUM
AB For large-scale selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing technology,
three main problems severely restrict its development and application, namely the
residual stress, defects, and columnar grains with anisotropy. To overcome these
problems, a new method is proposed by combining SLM with ultrasonic impact
treatment (UIT) technique. This study explores the feasibility of UIT assisted SLM,
as well as the effect of UIT on the residual stress, defects and fi grains of Ti-
6Al-4V alloy sample. The results indicate that after the application of UIT during
SLM, residual stress can be largely reduced and defects can be hammered flat and
even eliminated. Meanwhile, the epitaxial growth of columnar grains is prevented,
and fine equiaxed grains are formed due to plastic deformation and
recrystallization.
C1 [Zhang, Meixia; Liu, Changmeng; Shi, Xuezhi; Chen, Cheng; Zuo, Jianhua; Lu,
Jiping; Ma, Shuyuan] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R
China.
[Chen, Xianping] Beijing Inst Astronaut Syst Engn, Beijing 100076, Peoples R
China.
Peoples R China.
EM mxzhang1@hotmail.com; liuchangmeng@bit.edu.cn; shixuezhisheo@gmail.com;
chenxianping2000@gmail.com; cc.lime@hotmail.com; jhzuo@bit.edu.cn;
jipinglu@bit.edu.cn; bitmc@bit.edu.cn
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NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 36
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2076-3417
J9 APPL SCI-BASEL
JI Appl. Sci.-Basel
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 11
AR 304
DI 10.3390/app6110304
PG 7
Physics, Applied
GA EE3WX
UT WOS:000389532800002
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Walker, JM
Haberland, C
Andani, MT
Karaca, HE
Dean, D
Elahinia, M
AF Walker, Jason M.
Karaca, Haluk Ersin
Dean, David
Elahinia, Mohammad
TI Process development and characterization of additively manufactured
nickel-titanium shape memory parts
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Nickel-titanium; Nitinol; shape memory alloys; additive manufacturing;
ID NITI IMPLANTS; ALLOYS; METALS
AB Additive manufacturing of nickel-titanium has two distinct advantages over
conventional methods. It circumvents the difficulties associated with machining of
nickel-titanium and it provides a freedom-of-design that conventional processing
cannot match. In this article, we analyze the effects of processing parameters on
the structural and functional outcomes of selective laser melted nickel-titanium
parts. Notably, we expand the parametric envelope compared to the previous studies
by utilizing a higher power 300W laser. Optimal process parameters are identified
for additively manufacturing of nickel-titanium parts with verified shape memory
behavior and complex structures with accurate features are fabricated.
C1 [Walker, Jason M.; Dean, David] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plast Surg, Columbus, OH
43210 USA.
[Walker, Jason M.; Haberland, Christoph; Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Elahinia,
Mohammad] Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W
Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Karaca, Haluk Ersin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
RP Elahinia, M (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Dynam &
Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM Mohammad.elahinia@utoledo.edu
RI Dean, David/F-9605-2017
OI Dean, David/0000-0002-1217-3764
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010];
[NSFCBET-0731087]
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study
was supported by the US State of Ohio Department of Development through
grant WP10-010 (Nitinol Commercialization Accelerator) and the
NSFCBET-0731087.
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NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 10
U2 32
PI LONDON
SN 1045-389X
EI 1530-8138
J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR
JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 19
BP 2653
EP 2660
DI 10.1177/1045389X16635848
PG 8
GA EB1HR
UT WOS:000387100900005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Andani, MT
Haberland, C
Walker, JM
Karamooz, M
Turabi, AS
Saedi, S
Rahmanian, R
Karaca, H
Dean, D
Kadkhodaei, M
Elahinia, M
AF Andani, Mohsen Taheri
Walker, Jason M.
Karamooz, Mohammadreza
Turabi, Ali Sadi
Saedi, Soheil
Rahmanian, Rasool
Karaca, Haluk
Dean, David
Kadkhodaei, Mahmoud
Elahinia, Mohammad
TI Achieving biocompatible stiffness in NiTi through additive manufacturing
SO JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE shape memory alloy; NiTi; nitinol; porous NiTi; implant; porosity;
stress shielding; additive manufacturing
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; CELLULAR LATTICE STRUCTURES; STRESS-STRAIN
BEHAVIOR; POROUS NITI; BONE INGROWTH; IMPLANTS; TI; FABRICATION;
TITANIUM; POROSITY
AB This article seeks to reduce the stiffness of NiTi parts from a nonporous state
to that of human bone by introducing porosity. Compact bone stiffness is between 12
and 20GPa while the currently used bone implant materials are several times
stiffer. While very stiff implants and/or fixation hardware can temporarily
immobilize healing bone, it also causes stress shielding of the surrounding bone
and commonly results in stress concentrations at the implant or immobilization
hardware's fixation site(s). Together these processes can lead to implant or
fixation hardware and/or the surrounding bone's failure. Porous NiTi can be used to
reduce the stiffness of metallic implants while also providing necessary
stabilization or immobilization of the patient's reconstructed anatomy. In this
work, mechanical behavior of porous NiTi with different levels of porosity is
simulated to show the relation between the stiffness and porosity level. Then
porous structures are fabricated through additive manufacturing to validate the
simulation results. The results indicate that stiffness can be reduced from the
bulk value of 69GPa to as low as 20.5GPa for 58% porosity. The simulation shows
that it is possible to achieve a wide range of desired stiffness by adjusting the
level of porosity.
C1 [Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Haberland, Christoph; Walker, Jason M.; Rahmanian,
Rasool; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, 2801 West
[Walker, Jason M.; Dean, David] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plast Surg, Columbus, OH
43210 USA.
[Karamooz, Mohammadreza] Kerman Grad Univ Adv Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Kerman,
Iran.
[Turabi, Ali Sadi; Saedi, Soheil; Karaca, Haluk] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn,
Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Kadkhodaei, Mahmoud] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Esfahan, Iran.
RP Elahinia, M (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, 2801 West
RI Dean, David/F-9605-2017
OI Dean, David/0000-0002-1217-3764; Karamooz-Ravari, Mohammad
Reza/0000-0002-1372-3326
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010]; NSF I-Corps award
[CBET-0731087]
FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for
the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study
was supported by the US State of Ohio Department of Development through
grant WP10-010 (Nitinol Commercialization Accelerator) as well as NSF
I-Corps award CBET-0731087.
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NR 69
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 26
PI LONDON
SN 1045-389X
EI 1530-8138
J9 J INTEL MAT SYST STR
JI J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct.
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 19
BP 2661
EP 2671
DI 10.1177/1045389X16641199
PG 11
GA EB1HR
UT WOS:000387100900006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Nune, KC
Misra, RDK
AF Kumar, A.
Nune, K. C.
Misra, R. D. K.
TI Biological functionality and mechanistic contribution of extracellular
matrix-ornamented three dimensional Ti-6Al-4V mesh scaffolds
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; 3D printing; tissue engineering; ECM;
cytocompatibility
ID BONE-GRAFT SUBSTITUTES; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; STEM-CELLS; BIOMEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLDS; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; IN-VIVO;
TISSUE; BIOMATERIALS; ADHESION
AB The 3D printed metallic implants are considered bioinert in nature because of
the absence of bioactive molecules. Thus, surface modification of bioinert
materials is expected to favorably promote osteoblast functions and
differentiation. In this context, the objective of this study is to fundamentally
elucidate the effect of cell-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)
ornamented 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds on biological functions, involving cell
adhesion, proliferation, and synthesis of vinculin and actin proteins. To mimic the
natural ECM environment, the mineralized ECM of osteoblasts was deposited on the
Ti-6Al-4V porous scaffolds, fabricated by electron beam melting (EBM) method. The
process comprised of osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and freeze-thaw
cycles to obtain decellularized extra cellular matrix (dECM), in vitro. The dECM
provided a natural environment to restore the natural cell functionality of
osteoblasts that were cultured on dECM ornamented Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds. In
comparison to the bare Ti-6Al-4V scaffolds, a higher cell functionality such as
cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth including cell-cell and cell-material
interaction were observed on dECM ornamented Ti6Al-4V scaffolds, which were
characterized by using markers for focal adhesion and cytoskeleton such as vinculin
and actin. Moreover, electron microscopy also indicated higher cell-material
interaction and enhanced proliferation of cells on dECM ornamented Ti-6Al-4V
scaffolds, supported by MTT assay. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Kumar, A.; Nune, K. C.; Misra, R. D. K.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat &
Biomed Engn, Biomat & Biomed Engn Res Lab, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Misra, RDK (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn,
EM dmisra2@utep.edu
OI Kumar, Alok/0000-0002-8363-2286
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NR 69
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 30
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1549-3296
EI 1552-4965
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 104
IS 11
BP 2751
EP 2763
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.35809
PG 13
GA DY8ZW
UT WOS:000385422500007
PM 27325185
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Irwin, J
Reutzel, EW
Michaleris, P
Keist, J
Nassar, AR
AF Irwin, Jeff
Reutzel, Edward W.
Michaleris, Pan
Keist, Jay
Nassar, Abdalla R.
TI Predicting Microstructure From Thermal History During Additive
Manufacturing for Ti-6Al-4V
SO JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE
ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; PHASE-CHANGE;
PART I; LASER; DEPOSITION; KINETICS; EVOLUTION; FEATURES
AB Due to the repeated thermal cycling that occurs with the processing of each
subsequent layer, the microstructure of additively manufactured parts undergoes
complex changes throughout the deposition process. Understanding and modeling this
evolution poses a greater challenge than for single-cycle heat treatments.
Following the work of Kelly and Charles, a Ti-6Al-4V microstructural model has been
developed which calculates the phase fractions, morphology, and alpha lath width
given a measured or modeled thermal history. Dissolution of the alpha phase is
modeled as 1D plate growth of the beta phase, while alpha growth is modeled by the
technique of Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA). The alpha phase is divided into colony and
basketweave morphologies based on an intragranular nucleation temperature.
Evolution of alpha lath width is calculated using an Arrhenius equation. Key
parameters of the combined Kelly-Charles model developed here are optimized using
the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm. For the deposition of two L-shaped geometries
with different processing parameters, the optimized model gives a mean error over
24 different locations of 37% relative to experimentally measured lath widths,
compared to 106% for the original Kelly-Charles model.
C1 [Irwin, Jeff; Michaleris, Pan] Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, 17 Reber
Bldg, University Pk, PA 16801 USA.
[Reutzel, Edward W.; Keist, Jay; Nassar, Abdalla R.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res
Lab, University Pk, PA 16801 USA.
[Michaleris, Pan] Pan Comp LLC, State Coll, PA 16803 USA.
RP Irwin, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, 17 Reber
Bldg, University Pk, PA 16801 USA.
EM jei5028@psu.edu
FU America Makes-Multi-Sensor Thermal Imaging for Additive Manufacturing;
Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-12-2-7230]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of America
Makes-Multi-Sensor Thermal Imaging for Additive Manufacturing. This work
is built upon early efforts under ONR SBIR. The authors would like to
acknowledge ARL Penn State and Penn State University's Center for
Innovative Material Processing through Direct Digital Deposition
(CIMP-3D) for use of facilities and equipment.; This material is based
on research sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratory under Agreement
No. FA8650-12-2-7230. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and
distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any
copyright notation thereon.
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TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 39
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1087-1357
EI 1528-8935
J9 J MANUF SCI E-T ASME
JI J. Manuf. Sci. Eng.-Trans. ASME
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 11
AR 111007
DI 10.1115/1.4033525
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA DY9LO
UT WOS:000385455400007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, P
Fang, ZZ
Xia, Y
Zhang, Y
Zhou, CS
AF Sun, Pei
Fang, Z. Zak
Xia, Yang
Zhang, Ying
Zhou, Chengshang
TI A novel method for production of spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder for additive
manufacturing
SO POWDER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Spherical powder; Additive manufacturing; Powder metallurgy
ID CALCIOTHERMIC REDUCTION; TITANIUM; METALLURGY; LASER
AB A novel method was developed to produce spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder for advanced
near-net-shape manufacturing processes including additive manufacturing and powder
injection molding. The new process synergistically integrates a few common low-cost
processing techniques including granulation, sintering, and de-oxygenation to
produce spherical Ti alloy powders without relying on costly melting and atomizing
techniques. This new granulation-sintering-deoxygenation (GSD) process can use low-
cost source powders such as scrap Ti as the raw material. The spherical Ti-6Al-4V
powder produced using this process has controlled particle size distribution and
low oxygen content (<0.15%), which meet the Aerospace Material Specification (AMS-
4998) for spherical Ti-6Al-4V powder. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sun, Pei; Fang, Z. Zak; Xia, Yang; Zhang, Ying; Zhou, Chengshang] Univ Utah,
Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Fang, ZZ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
USA.
EM zak.fang@utah.edu
FU ARPA-E, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AR0000420]
FX The authors acknowledge partial financial support by ARPA-E, U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AR0000420. The first author also
acknowledges the help of Mr. Yanlu Zhai for spray-drying. The authors
thank Dr. Mark Koopman for proof-reading this manuscript.
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NR 22
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 9
U2 38
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0032-5910
EI 1873-328X
J9 POWDER TECHNOL
JI Powder Technol.
PD NOV
PY 2016
VL 301
BP 331
EP 335
DI 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.06.022
PG 5
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA DY0KI
UT WOS:000384785300034
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Huang, RZ
Riddle, M
Graziano, D
Warren, J
Das, S
Nimbalkar, S
Cresko, J
Masanet, E
AF Huang, Runze
Riddle, Matthew
Graziano, Diane
Warren, Joshua
Das, Sujit
Nimbalkar, Sachin
Cresko, Joe
Masanet, Eric
TI Energy and emissions saving potential of additive manufacturing: the
case of lightweight aircraft components
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Life cycle assessment; Lightweight aircraft;
Energy saving; Greenhouse gas emissions
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; EFFICIENCY; CONSUMPTION
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) holds great potential for improving materials
efficiency, reducing life-cycle impacts, and enabling greater engineering
functionality compared to conventional manufacturing (CM), and AM has been
increasingly adopted by aircraft component manufacturers for lightweight,
costeffective designs. This study estimates the net changes in life-cycle primary
energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with AM technologies for lightweight
metallic aircraft components through the year 2050, to shed light on the
environmental benefits of a shift from CM to AM processes in the U.S. aircraft
industry. A systems modeling framework is presented, with integrates engineering
criteria, life cycle environmental data, aircraft fleet stock and fuel use models
under different AM adoption scenarios. Estimated fleet-wide life-cycle primary
energy savings at most reach 70-173 million GJ/year in 2050, with cumulative
savings of 1.2-2.8 billion GJ. Associated cumulative GHG emission reductions were
estimated at 92.1-215.0 million metric tons. In addition, thousands of tons of
aluminum, titanium and nickel alloys could be potentially saved per year in 2050.
The results indicate a significant role of AM technologies in helping society meet
its long-term energy use and GHG emissions reduction goals, and highlight barriers
and opportunities for AM adoption for the aircraft industry. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
All rights
C1 [Huang, Runze; Masanet, Eric] Northwestern Univ, McCormick Sch Engn & Appl Sci,
2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Riddle, Matthew] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Energy Syst, 9700 South Cass Ave,
Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Graziano, Diane] Argonne Natl Lab, Global Secur Sci Div, 9700 South Cass Ave,
Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Warren, Joshua; Das, Sujit; Nimbalkar, Sachin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel
Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Cresko, Joe] US DOE, Adv Mfg Off, 1000 Independence Ave,SW, Washington, DC
20585 USA.
RP Masanet, E (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, McCormick Sch Engn & Appl Sci,
EM eric.masanet@northwestern.edu
OI Huang, Runze/0000-0003-2206-5895
FU DOE Advanced Manufacturing Office; U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The work was supported by the DOE Advanced Manufacturing Office. This
document has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne
National Laboratory ("Argonne"). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others
acting on its behalf, a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide
license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works,
distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display
publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.
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NR 72
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 6
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD NOV 1
PY 2016
VL 135
BP 1559
EP 1570
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.109
PG 12
& Ecology
GA DV3AH
UT WOS:000382792900133
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wolff, S
Lee, T
Faierson, E
Ehmann, K
Cao, J
AF Wolff, Sarah
Lee, Taekyung
Faierson, Eric
Ehmann, Kornel
Cao, Jian
TI Anisotropic properties of directed energy deposition (DED)-processed
Ti-6Al-4V
SO Journal of Manufacturing Processes
LA English
CT 44th North American Manufacturing Research Conference (NAMRC)
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016
CL Virginia Polytechn & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA
HO Virginia Polytechn & State Univ
DE Additive manufacturing; Directed energy deposition (DED); Laser
engineered net shaping (LENS); Ti-6A1-4V; Titanium alloys; Anisotropy
mechanical behavior
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR
AB Directed energy deposited (DED) Ti-6A1-4V components and prototypes are quickly
growing in prevalence in aerospace and biomedical industries for their increased
strength and fast processing time. However, one of the remaining challenges in DED
processes, particularly laser engineered net shaping (LENS), is the
characterization of the inherent anisotropy in material properties. Anisotropy in
microstructure, porosity and mechanical behavior arises due to unique material
thermal histories during processing. Understanding anisotropy in additive
manufacturing can lead to refined process parameters, characterization methods,
material and thermal modeling as well as improved mechanical properties. This paper
investigates the anisotropic mechanical properties, specifically ultimate tensile
strength, of LENS processed Ti-6A1-4V and how these properties depend on geometry
and direction of build processing. Mechanical properties were found to be most
desirable when the tensile orientation is orthogonal to the build direction and
parallel to the scan direction as well as closer to the center of a fully dense
component. This study investigates microstructure through X-ray diffraction,
fractography and porosity shape and connectivity analysis. Models that predict
mechanical behavior based on processing details are in development. There is
potential to achieve desirable mechanical properties through melt pool and thermal
controls for high-strength and energy efficient materials by predicting mechanical
properties from process parameters. (C) 2016 The Society of Manufacturing
C1 [Wolff, Sarah; Lee, Taekyung; Ehmann, Kornel; Cao, Jian] Northwestern Univ,
Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Faierson, Eric] Quad City Mfg Lab, Rock Isl, IL USA.
RP Wolff, S; Cao, J (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM sarahwolff@u.northwestern.edu; jcao@northwestern.edu
OI Cao, Jian/0000-0003-1023-5244
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NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1526-6125
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 24
SI SI
BP 397
EP 405
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2016.06.020
PN 2
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA ED9BZ
UT WOS:000389166500012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Dadbakhsh, S
Speirs, M
Van Humbeeck, J
Kruth, JP
AF Dadbakhsh, Sasan
Speirs, Mathew
Van Humbeeck, Jan
Kruth, Jean-Pierre
TI Laser additive manufacturing of bulk and porous shape-memory NiTi
alloys: From processes to potential biomedical applications
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; NICKEL-TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; TRANSFORMATION BEHAVIOR; ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES; CORROSION
BEHAVIOR; BONE SCAFFOLDS; IMPLANTS; TEXTURE
AB NiTi alloys are well known not only due to their exceptional shape-memory
ability to recover their primary shape, but also because they show high ductility,
excellent corrosion and wear resistance, and good biological compatibility. They
have received significant attention especially in the field of laser additive
manufacturing (AM). Among laser AM techniques, selective laser melting and laser
metal deposition are utilized to exploit the unique properties of NiTi for
fabricating complex shapes. This article reviews the properties of bulk and porous
laser-made NiTi alloys as influenced by both process and material parameters. The
effects of processing parameters on density, shape-memory response, microstructure,
mechanical properties, surface corrosion, and biological properties are discussed.
The article also describes potential opportunities where laser AM processes can be
applied to fabricate dedicated NiTi components for medical applications.
C1 [Dadbakhsh, Sasan; Speirs, Mathew; Van Humbeeck, Jan; Kruth, Jean-Pierre]
Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, Leuven, Belgium.
RP Dadbakhsh, S (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mech Engn, Leuven,
Belgium.
EM sasan.dadbakhsh@kuleuven.be; mathew.speirs@kuleuven.be;
jan.vanhumbeeck@mtm.kuleuven.be; jean-pierre.kruth@kuleuven.be
FU Flemish IWT-MultiMet Project [150010]; EU BioTiNet Project [264635]
FX We would like to thank A. Ahadi (National Institute for Materials
Science, Tsukuba, Japan) for preparation of this work, as well as
financial support from the Flemish IWT-MultiMet Project (No. 150010) and
EU BioTiNet Project (Grant No. 264635, under the EU Marie Curie ITN
Project).
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[Anonymous], 2013, OPT LAUNCH NEW 3D PR
NR 86
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 22
U2 54
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 10
BP 765
EP 774
DI 10.1557/mrs.2016.209
PG 10
GA ED8QK
UT WOS:000389135800013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Qian, M
Xu, W
Brandt, M
Tang, HP
AF Qian, M.
Xu, W.
Brandt, M.
Tang, H. P.
TI Additive manufacturing and postprocessing of Ti-6Al-4V for superior
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM MELTED TI-6AL-4V; DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; DIRECT LASER DEPOSITION;
TITANIUM-ALLOY; HEAT-TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURAL FEATURES;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; TEXTURE EVOLUTION; MELTING EBM; COMPONENTS
AB The capabilities of metal additive manufacturing (AM) are evolving rapidly
thanks to both increasing industry demand and improved scientific understanding of
the process. This article provides an overview of AM of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, which
has essentially been used as a yardstick to gauge the capability of each metal AM
process developed to date. It begins by summarizing the metal AM processes existing
today. This is followed by a discussion of the macro-and microstructural
characteristics, defects, and tensile and fatigue properties of AM Ti-6Al-4V by
selective laser melting, laser metal deposition (both powder and wire), and
selective electron-beam melting compared to non-AM Ti-6Al-4V. The tensile and
fatigue properties of as-built AM Ti-6Al-4V (with machined or polished surfaces)
can be made comparable, or even superior, to those of Ti-6Al-4V in the most
commonly used millannealed condition. However, these properties can exhibit a large
degree of scatter and are often anisotropic, affected by AM build orientations.
Post-AM surface treatments or both the post-AM surface and heat treatments are
necessary to ensure the minimum required properties and performance consistency.
Future directions to further unlock the potential of AM of Ti-6Al-4V for superior
and consistent mechanical properties are also discussed.
C1 [Qian, M.; Brandt, M.] RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic,
Australia.
[Xu, W.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Engn, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Tang, H. P.] Northwest Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat,
Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Qian, M (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic,
Australia.
EM ma.qian@rmit.edu.au; wei.xu@mq.edu.au; milan.brandt@rmit.edu.au;
hptang@c-nin.com
RI Xu, Wei/G-6302-2012
FU Australian Research Council (ARC); National Natural Science Foundation
of China (NSFC) [ARC DP150104719, ARC LP140100607]; NSFC [51528401]
FX The authors thank the Australian Research Council (ARC) and National
Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for their financial support
through ARC DP150104719, ARC LP140100607, and NSFC No. 51528401. They
also thank S.L. Lu for useful discussions.
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U2 68
PI NEW YORK
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 10
BP 775
EP 783
DI 10.1557/mrs.2016.215
PG 9
GA ED8QK
UT WOS:000389135800014
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, J
Zhou, Y
Liu, CM
Wu, QR
Chen, XP
Lu, JP
AF Guo, Jing
Zhou, Yong
Liu, Changmeng
Wu, Qianru
Chen, Xianping
Lu, Jiping
TI Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy: Grain
Refinement by Adjusting Pulse Frequency
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE wire arc additive manufacturing; AZ31 magnesium alloy; grain; mechanical
properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TENSILE PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; LASER; TI-6AL-4V; PARAMETERS; COMPONENTS; PERFORMANCE;
FORMABILITY
AB Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) offers a potential approach to fabricate
large-scale magnesium alloy components with low cost and high efficiency, although
this topic is yet to be reported in literature. In this study, WAAM is
preliminarily applied to fabricate AZ31 magnesium. Fully dense AZ31 magnesium alloy
components are successfully obtained. Meanwhile, to refine grains and obtain good
mechanical properties, the effects of pulse frequency (1, 2, 5, 10, 100, and 500
Hz) on the macrostructure, microstructure and tensile properties are investigated.
The results indicate that pulse frequency can result in the change of weld pool
oscillations and cooling rate. This further leads to the change of the grain size,
grain shape, as well as the tensile properties. Meanwhile, due to the resonance of
the weld pool at 5 Hz and 10 Hz, the samples have poor geometry accuracy but
contain finer equiaxed grains (21 mu m) and exhibit higher ultimate tensile
strength (260 MPa) and yield strength (102 MPa), which are similar to those of the
forged AZ31 alloy. Moreover, the elongation of all samples is above 23%.
C1 [Guo, Jing; Zhou, Yong; Liu, Changmeng; Wu, Qianru; Lu, Jiping] Beijing Inst
Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Xianping] Beijing Inst Astronaut Syst Engn, Beijing 100076, Peoples R
China.
Peoples R China.
EM guojingcn@hotmail.com; bitzhouy@bit.edu.cn; liuchangmeng@bit.edu.cn;
qrwu@foxmail.com; chenxianping2000@gmail.com; jipinglu@bit.edu.cn
Science Foundation [3162027]; Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of
Beijing Institute of Technology [2015YG0302]
FX The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51505033), Beijing Natural Science Foundation
(3162027), and Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Beijing
Institute of Technology (2015YG0302).
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NR 42
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 15
U2 52
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 10
AR 823
DI 10.3390/ma9100823
PG 13
GA ED7RX
UT WOS:000389068400002
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Elahinia, M
Moghaddam, NS
Andani, MT
Amerinatanzi, A
Bimber, BA
Hamilton, RF
AF Elahinia, Mohammad
Bimber, Beth A.
Hamilton, Reginald F.
TI Fabrication of NiTi through additive manufacturing: A review
SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE Shape memory alloy; NiTi; Additive manufacturing; Powder preparation;
Microstructure; Transformation temperature; Stiffness-tailored;
Patient-specific
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; LASER MELTING PROCESS; NICKEL-TITANIUM; POROUS
NITI; TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURES; POWDER-METALLURGY; STAINLESS-STEEL;
IMPLANTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR
AB Nickel-titanium (NiTi) is an attractive alloy due to its unique functional
properties (i.e., shape memory effect and superelasticity behaviors), low
stiffness, biocompatibility, damping characteristics, and corrosion behavior. It is
however a hard task to fabricate NiTi parts because of the high reactivity and high
ductility of the alloy which results in difficulties in the processing and
machining. These challenges altogether have limited the starting form of NiTi
devices to simple geometries including rod, wire, bar, tube, sheet, and strip. In
recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have been implemented for the
direct production of complex NiTi such as lattice-based and hollow structures with
the potential use in aerospace and medical applications. It worth noting that due
to the relatively higher cost, AM is considered a supplement technique for the
existing. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the publications related to
the AM techniques of NiTi while highlighting current challenges and methods of
solving them. To this end, the properties of conventionally fabricated NiTi are
compared with those of AM fabricated alloys. The critical steps toward a successful
manufacturing such as powder preparation, optimum laser parameters, and fabrication
chamber conditions are explained. The microstructural characteristics and
structural defects, the influencing factors on the transformation temperatures, and
functional properties of NiTi are highlighted to provide and overview of the
influencing factors and possible controlling methods. The mechanical properties
such as hardness and wear resistance, compressive behaviors, fatigue
characteristics, damping and shock absorption properties are also reported. A case
study in the form of using AM as a promising technique to fabricate engineered
porous NiTi for the purpose of creating a building block for medical applications
is introduced. The paper concludes with a section that summarizes the main findings
from the literature and outlines the trend for future research in the AM processing
of NiTi. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Elahinia, Mohammad; Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Andani, Mohsen Taheri;
Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam] Univ Toledo, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst
Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Bimber, Beth A.; Hamilton, Reginald F.] Penn State Univ, Engn Sci & Mech Dept,
Multifunct & Adapt Mat Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Smart Syst Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
FU Ohio Department of Development [WP 10-010]; NSF [0731087]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided for
the project "Nitinol Commercialization Accelerator" by the Ohio
Department of Development through Grant WP 10-010. NSF support though
award 0731087 Research to Aid Person with Disability is also
appreciated.
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Z9 17
U1 34
U2 129
PI OXFORD
SN 0079-6425
EI 1873-2208
J9 PROG MATER SCI
JI Prog. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 83
BP 630
EP 663
DI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2016.08.001
PG 34
GA EA9RJ
UT WOS:000386982100014
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, A
Mohammed, MK
Alahmari, AM
AF Mohammad, Ashfaq
TI Effect of laser ablation parameters on surface improvement of electron
beam melted parts
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting; Additive manufacturing; Laser ablation; Surface
roughness; Ti-6Al-4V
ID TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM; ALLOYS; EBM; MICROSTRUCTURE; ROUGHNESS; QUALITY
AB Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the latest additive manufacturing
technologies capable of producing near-net shape parts of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. In EBM,
the parts are built from powder in a layer-by-layer fashion. The offshoot of this
particular fabrication style is a poor quality surface. In the current work, laser
ablation technique was employed to improve surface finish of EBM-produced parts.
EBM surfaces were laser-treated by varying lamp intensity, pulse frequency, scan
speed, and track displacement parameters. The surfaces were quantitatively assessed
by surface roughness value R (a) . Qualitative evaluation of the surfaces was done
by viewing them under scanning electron microscope. Fluence, resulting from the
combination of lamp intensity and pulse frequency factors, played a dominant role
on the surface roughness. It was observed that the final finish was largely
independent of the amount of material removed. In few of the cases, different laser
settings produced distinct textures but the roughness values remained almost the
same. How this peculiar characteristic can be exploited for tailoring the bio-
implant surfaces is also addressed in this work.
C1 [Mohammad, Ashfaq; Mohammed, Muneer Khan] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, FARCAMT
Chair, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Dept Ind Engn, FARCAMT
Chair,Coll Engn, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
RP Mohammad, A (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, FARCAMT Chair,
Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM mashfaq@ksu.edu.sa
RI Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman/E-6000-2017
OI Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman/0000-0002-3079-0141
[11-ADV1494-02]
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Z9 1
U1 4
U2 15
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 87
IS 1-4
BP 1033
EP 1044
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PG 12
GA EA1WO
UT WOS:000386383100086
DA 2018-02-05
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PT J
AU Fiaz, HS
Settle, CR
Hoshino, K
AF Fiaz, Hasan S.
Settle, Casey R.
Hoshino, Kazunori
TI Metal additive manufacturing for microelectromechanical systems:
Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)-based nanopositioning flexure fabricated by
electron beam melting
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
LA English
CT Transducers Conference
CY JUN 21-25, 2015
CL AK
DE Electron beam additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting;
Nanopositioning flexure; Ti-6Al-4V; Piezoelectric actuator; PID control
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V; BEHAVIOR;
TI6AL4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; MACHINABILITY; MANIPULATION; COMPONENTS
AB Three dimensional printing (3D printing) or additive manufacturing is a
promising approach for construction of small-sized, complex structures in
microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This paper reports the design, fabrication
and testing of an XY nanopositioning flexure made up of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)
created for the first time through electron beam melting (EBM), also known as
electron beam additive manufacturing (EBAM). Titanium alloys present attractive
characteristics including high biocompatibility, distinct strength and corrosion
resistance. However, it has been difficult to machine titanium alloys through
conventional processes. The use of additive manufacturing has enabled us to build a
multidimensional nanopositioning flexure with amplified mechanical displacement and
improved bandwidth contained in a compact structure.
We first characterized mechanical properties of EBM-printed Ti-6Al-4V
cantilevers and compared the results with those of bulk metal cantilevers. Due to
the porous surfaces, the printed cantilevers acted as a softer material with an
averaged Young's modulus of 41 GPa when considering only the outermost dimensions.
By introducing inner widths of 0.51-0.53 mm for the CAD-designed beam width of 0.7
mm, we calculated a Young's modulus of 90-120 GPa, which is comparable to 108-120
GPa reported in literature for bulk Ti-6Al-4V. With the completion of the initial
characterization, fabrication of the flexure was then undergone and successfully
carried out. Mechanical levers printed within the flexure amplified an actuation
from a piezoelectric actuator by a factor of six to displace a positioning platform
supported by the network of parallel supporting beams. The maximum displacement of
47.4 mu m was obtained at the driving voltage of 150 V. The resonant frequencies
measured for the x and y axes were almost identical 1854 Hz and 1858 Hz,
respectively. A digital PID controller enabled laser-based dynamic positioning of
the stage. For triangular sweeps at 16 Hz and 122 Hz, the positioning error was
within 200 nm and 500 nm with time delays of 0.85 ms and 2.48 ms, respectively. (C)
C1 [Fiaz, Hasan S.; Settle, Casey R.; Hoshino, Kazunori] Univ Connecticut, Dept
Biomed Engn, 260 Glenbrook Rd,Unit 3247, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Hoshino, K (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Biomed Engn, 260 Glenbrook
Rd,Unit 3247, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM hoshino@engr.uconn.edu
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DI 10.1016/j.sna.2016.08.029
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA DZ1LQ
UT WOS:000385600300033
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bruschi, S
Bertolini, R
Bordin, A
Medea, F
Ghiotti, A
AF Bruschi, S.
Bertolini, R.
Bordin, A.
Medea, F.
Ghiotti, A.
TI Influence of the machining parameters and cooling strategies on the wear
behavior of wrought and additive manufactured Ti6Al4V for biomedical
applications
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6Al4V alloy; Machining; Sliding wear; Wear debris
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; SIMULATIONS; PREDICTION; DRY
AB The paper presents the effect of the machining parameters and cooling strategies
on the wear behavior of the wrought and Additive Manufactured Ti6Al4V used for
biomedical applications. Wear tests were performed using a cylinder-on-plate
configuration in a wet and temperature-controlled environment in order to
investigate the reciprocating sliding wear behavior under human body conditions.
The obtained results showed that the adoption of the cryogenic cooling during
machining significantly affected the Ti6Al4V surface properties improving its wear
performances, in terms of lower friction coefficient and less release of metal
debris due to abrasive wear compared to dry cutting conditions, regardless the
alloy as-delivered condition. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bruschi, S.; Bertolini, R.; Bordin, A.; Medea, F.; Ghiotti, A.] Univ Padua,
Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
RP Bruschi, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM stefania.bruschi@unipd.it
OI Ghiotti, Andrea/0000-0003-1050-1741
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NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0301-679X
EI 1879-2464
J9 TRIBOL INT
JI Tribol. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 102
BP 133
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.05.036
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA DW8UN
UT WOS:000383931100016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bruschi, S
Tristo, G
Rysava, Z
Bariani, PP
Umbrello, D
De Chiffre, L
AF Bruschi, S.
Tristo, G.
Rysava, Z.
Bariani, P. P.
Umbrello, D.
De Chiffre, L.
TI Environmentally clean micromilling of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6Al4V; Micro-milling; MQL; Dry; Cryogenic; Surface integrity
ID MINIMUM CHIP THICKNESS; MICRO-MACHINABILITY; SURFACE INTEGRITY;
LUBRICANT
AB The paper is aimed at evaluating the performances of Minimum Quantity
Lubrication (MQL), dry cutting and cryogenic cooling when applied to the micro-
milling of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy samples obtained by Additive Manufacturing (AM)
using the Electron Beam Melting (EBM) technology. The micro-milling tests were
carried out on a high precision 5-axis micro-milling center, at varying cutting
speed and feed per tooth. The performances of the different lubrication/cooling
strategies were analyzed in terms of surface integrity, namely surface topography,
nano-hardness and sub-surface microstructural alterations, in order to prove the
impact of clean cutting conditions when applied to micro-machining of a AM titanium
alloy of biomedical interest. It is shown that dry cutting assures the same
performances of MQL, representing then the most suitable option to decrease the
environmental impact of the machining process. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Bruschi, S.; Tristo, G.; Rysava, Z.; Bariani, P. P.] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn,
Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Umbrello, D.] Univ Calabria, Dept Mech Energy & Management Engn, Via P Bucci
Edificio Cuba 46 C, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy.
[De Chiffre, L.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Mech Engn, Nils Koppels Alle Bldg 404,
DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
RP Rysava, Z (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM stefania.bruschi@unipd.it; gianluca.tristo@dii.unipd.it;
zdenka.rysava@studenti.unipd.it; paolo.bariani@unipd.it;
domenico.umbrello@unical.it; ldch@mek.dtu.dk
RI Umbrello, Domenico/C-5519-2012
OI Umbrello, Domenico/0000-0002-4211-6322; De Chiffre,
Leonardo/0000-0002-6141-9580
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NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0959-6526
EI 1879-1786
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 133
BP 932
EP 941
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.035
PG 10
& Ecology
GA DT5TJ
UT WOS:000381545200085
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bimber, BA
Hamilton, RF
Keist, J
Palmer, TA
AF Bimber, Beth A.
Hamilton, Reginald F.
Keist, Jayme
Palmer, Todd A.
TI Anisotropic microstructure and superelasticity of additive manufactured
NiTi alloy bulk builds using laser directed energy deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction; Mechanical characterization;
Shape memory alloys; Additive manufacturing; Martensitic transformation
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; PHASE-TRANSFORMATION;
POLYCRYSTALLINE NITI; NICKEL-TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; DEFORMATION;
IMPLANTS; TEMPERATURES
AB The microstructure and superelasticity in additive manufactured NiTi shape
memory alloys (SMAs) were investigated. Using elementally blended Ni and Ti powder
feedstock, Ni-rich build coupons were fabricated via the laser-based directed
energy deposition (LDED) technique. The build volumes were large enough to extract
tensile and compressive test specimens from selected locations for spatially
resolving microconstituents and the underlying stress-induced martensitic phase
transformation (SIMT) morphology. In the as-deposited condition, X-ray diffraction
identified the B2 atomic crystal structure of the austenitic parent phase in NiTi
SMAs, and Ni4Ti3 precipitates were the predominant microconstituent identified
through scanning electron microscopy. The microstructure exhibited anisotropy,
which was characterized by the Ni4Ti3 precipitate morphology being coarsest nearest
the substrate, while a finer morphology was observed farthest from the substrate.
In-situ full-field deformation measurements calculated using digital image
correlation confirmed that the SIMT predominately occurred in the finer precipitate
morphology. Heat treatment reduced the degree of anisotropy, and DIC analysis
revealed localized SIMT strains increased compared to the as-deposited condition.
(C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bimber, Beth A.; Hamilton, Reginald F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech,
212 Earth Engn Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Keist, Jayme; Palmer, Todd A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, State Coll, PA
16804 USA.
RP Hamilton, RF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, 212 Earth
Engn Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM rfh13@psu.edu
FU National Science Foundation (United States) [DGE1255832]; National
Science Foundation [CMMI 1335283]
FX AM work was performed at the Center for Innovative Materials Processing
through Direct Digital Deposition (CIMP-3D) at Penn State with
assistance from Griffin Jones and Jay Tressler. Support for B.B. comes
from a National Science Foundation (United States) Graduate Fellowship
under Grant No. DGE1255832. Work was funded by National Science
Foundation Grant No. CMMI 1335283. Any opinions, findings, and
conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National
Science Foundation.
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.11.003
NR 66
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 14
U2 57
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD SEP 30
PY 2016
VL 674
BP 125
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.07.059
PG 10
GA DV9WL
UT WOS:000383292800016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Akerfeldt, P
Antti, ML
Pederson, R
AF Akerfeldt, Pia
Antti, Marta-Lena
Pederson, Robert
TI Influence of microstructure on mechanical properties of laser metal
wire-deposited Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloys; Additive manufacturing; Mechanical properties;
Microstructure; Laser metal wire deposition
ID DIODE-LASER; FABRICATION; COMPONENTS; TECHNOLOGIES; MANUFACTURE;
TEXTURE; ALLOYS; POWER
AB In the present paper laser metal wire deposition of Ti-6Al-4V has been studied
and the mechanical properties evaluated. The yield strength, ultimate tensile
strength and tensile elongation were all found to depend on the orientation of the
specimens with respect to the deposition direction. Two orientations in the
deposited material were evaluated in the study, perpendicular and parallel to the
deposition direction. The specimens in the perpendicular orientation showed 25-33%
higher elongation than the specimens parallel to the deposition direction. The
parallel specimens on the other hand showed both higher (4%) ultimate tensile
strength and higher (2-5%) yield strength. Furthermore, the anisotropic mechanical
properties were correlated to the microstructural constituents of the specimens.
C1 [Akerfeldt, Pia; Antti, Marta-Lena; Pederson, Robert] Lulea Univ Technol, Div
Mat Sci, SE-97181 Lulea, Sweden.
RP Akerfeldt, P (reprint author), Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mat Sci, SE-97181 Lulea,
Sweden.
EM pia.akerfeldt@ltu.se
OI Pederson, Robert/0000-0002-7675-7152
FU Graduate School of Space Technology; NFFP (the National Aviation
Engineering Research Program) in Sweden
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Graduate School of Space
Technology for supporting and encouraging the project. The authors are
also grateful for the financial support from NFFP (the National Aviation
Engineering Research Program) in Sweden. Finally, the authors would like
to thank Dr Esa Vuorinen for the fruitful discussions.
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2218-0
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 29
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD SEP 30
PY 2016
VL 674
BP 428
EP 437
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.07.038
PG 10
GA DV9WL
UT WOS:000383292800051
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Keist, JS
Palmer, TA
AF Keist, Jayme S.
Palmer, Todd A.
TI Role of geometry on properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
structures fabricated using laser based directed energy deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Laser processing; Titanium alloy; Mechanical
properties; Microstructure
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; HEAT-TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS; OXYGEN;
BEHAVIOR; PARTS
AB A series of Ti-6Al-4V wall structures were additively manufactured (AM) using
directed energy deposition (DED) with similar processing parameters and build paths
to investigate the role of geometry on the resulting as deposited microstructure
and mechanical properties. While the aggregated tensile strengths (1049 +/- 37
MPa), yield strengths (936 43 MPa), and elongations (18 +/- 4%) were relatively
consistent, a more in-depth statistical analysis revealed statistically significant
relationships between the resulting mechanical properties and the orientation with
respect to the build direction. Tensile samples with the long dimension parallel to
the substrate exhibited a higher average tensile strength than samples with the
long dimension perpendicular to the substrate. In addition, the tensile strengths
from thick multi pass wall structures were significantly higher than thin single
pass wall structures. Finally, the tensile strengths decreased with increasing
height above the substrate within the wall structures. Most of the observed
differences in mechanical behavior can be attributed to differences observed in the
average prior beta grain sizes and shapes that impact the amounts of boundary
strengthening within the structures. In addition, qualitative differences within
the microstructure were observed at different locations within individual builds
and correlated with changes in tensile strength. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Keist, Jayme S.; Palmer, Todd A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, POB 30, State
Coll, PA 16804 USA.
PA 16804 USA.
EM keist@psu.edu; tap103@psu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command
[N00024-02-D-6604]
Research through the Naval Sea Systems Command under Contract No.
N00024-02-D-6604, Delivery order No. 0611. Special thanks to Dr. William
Frazier, Dr. Madan Kittur, Ms. Malinda Pagett, and Mr. Anthony Zaita for
their helpful discussions and recommendations. We also acknowledge Mr.
Jay Tressler and Mr. Griffin Jones for fabrication of the wall
structures, Mr. Ed Good for use of his metallurgical laboratory, and Dr.
Abdalla Nassar and Mr. Bryant Foster for their help with developing the
code for measuring microstructural features.
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NR 70
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 11
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 106
BP 482
EP 494
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.045
PG 13
GA DT5NC
UT WOS:000381528900055
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Zhao, Z
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Qiang
Chen, Jing
Zhao, Zhuang
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Weidong
TI Microstructure and anisotropic tensile behavior of laser additive
manufactured TC21 titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacture; Microstructure; Anisotropic tensile
behavior; Titanium alloy
ID BEAM MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V;
MELTING DEPOSITION; TEXTURE; WIRE; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION; STRENGTH;
PARTS
AB In the present work, two types of part with different geometries were fabricated
by laser additive manufacturing (LAM) process under the same processing parameters.
Tensile samples perpendicular to (horizontal) and parallel to (vertical) the build
direction were produced after heat treated under different conditions. The results
showed that the samples exhibit similar columnar beta grains, but very different a
phase characterizations. The tensile properties show significant anisotropic. The
sample containing finest a laths shows highest ultimate tensile strength and yield
strength. And the strength decreased with the increase of a laths width. The total
elongation of the samples does not show regularity relationship with the strength.
The horizontal samples show inferior ductility and brittle fracture due to the
columnar beta grain morphology and the presence of continuous grain boundary a
layers. The coarse grain boundary a layers after double heat treatment further
reduced the ductility. The vertical samples exhibit better ductility due to lack of
continuous grain boundary a layers which perpendicular to the tensile load. The
Vickers hardness test shows that the vertical samples were strengthened while the
horizontal samples were little strengthened after tensile test. (C) 2016 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Qiang; Chen, Jing; Zhao, Zhuang; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Weidong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi,
Peoples R China.
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing
(NWPU), China [151-ZH-2016]; National Key Technologies RD Program
[2016YFB11000100]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51475380, 51323008]
FX This work was supported by the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory
of Solidification Processing (NWPU), China (Grant No.151-ZH-2016) and
National Key Technologies R&D Program (2016YFB11000100) and National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51475380, 51323008).
0397-x
Crespo Antonio, 2011, Convection and Conduction Heat Transfer, P315
10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.052
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y
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.06.002
Zhang Q, 2016, J ALLOY COMPD, V666, P380, DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.065
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 40
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 673
BP 204
EP 212
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.07.040
PG 9
GA DU7QP
UT WOS:000382410000024
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Schwab, H
Palm, F
Kuhn, U
Eckert, J
AF Schwab, H.
Palm, F.
Kuehn, U.
Eckert, J.
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of the near-beta titanium alloy
Ti-5553 processed by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Ti-5553; Microstructure; Mechanical properties;
Titanium
ID HEAT-TREATMENT; BEHAVIOR; POWDER; METALS; PARTS
AB The aerospace industry continuously demands new materials with high strength and
low density like the investigated near-beta titaniumalloy Ti-5553. Lately, a new
need for parts with designs concerning the force flow instead of the process
ability with conventional methods is rising. Therefore, additive manufacturing
methods are gaining more and more in importance. In this study we processed the Ti-
5553 alloy by selective laser melting (SLM), which is one of these methods. Bulk
samples with a density of 99.95% were built. X-ray and electron backscatter
diffraction show a pure beta-phase microstructure. Mechanical tests exhibit a
tensile strength of about 800 MPa and a strain up to 14%. These results demonstrate
the possibility of processing this alloy by SLM. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Schwab, H.; Kuehn, U.; Eckert, J.] IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, POB 27 01 16,
D-01171 Dresden, Germany.
[Palm, F.] Airbus Grp, Innovat, TX2, D-81663 Munich, Germany.
[Eckert, J.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Mat Sci, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Eckert, J.] Univ Leoben, Austrian Acad Sci OAW, Erich Schmid Inst Mat Sci,
[Eckert, J.] Univ Leoben, Dept Mat Phys, Jahnstr 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
RP Schwab, H (reprint author), IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, POB 27 01 16, D-01171
Dresden, Germany.
EM h.schwab@ifw-dresden.de
FU Leibniz Program [EC 111/26-1]
FX The authors thank T. Gustmann, J. Klengel, J. Sander and N. Geissler for
their scientific support, technical assistance, and helpful discussions.
The gas-atomized powder (GAP) used in this study was provided by the
Airbus Group Research Department (Airbus Group Innovations). Financial
support of this work by the Leibniz Program (Grant EC 111/26-1) is
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.11.051
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Stewart Veeck D.L., 2004, ADV MAT PROCESS, P162
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.05.010
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 12
U2 168
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD SEP 5
PY 2016
VL 105
BP 75
EP 80
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.103
PG 6
GA DP8SO
UT WOS:000378768400009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ispas, A
Cosma, C
Craciun, A
Constantiniuc, M
Lascu, L
Leordean, D
Vilau, C
AF Ispas, A.
Cosma, C.
Craciun, A.
Constantiniuc, M.
Lascu, L.
Leordean, D.
Vilau, C.
TI Influence of Ti-Ceramic or Ti-Composite crown on stress distribution:
finite element study and additive manufacturing
SO JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Ceramic; Composite; von Mises equivalen stress; Occlusal
trauma; Selective laser melting
ID 1ST PREMOLAR; RESTORED CROWN; DENTAL CROWNS; METAL; TEETH; THICKNESS;
TITANIUM; ENAMEL; ALLOYS; MOLAR
AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tension distribution induced in
teeth and dental prostheses, using the finite element method (FEA). Mathematical
models, with the highest fidelity degree in representing the anatomical dimensions
of the tooth and Ti-Ceramic, respectively Ti-Composite crowns were constructed
using the finite element method. The models were built from a patient CBCT (cone
beam computed tomography). There were six different scenarios of occlusal strain
developed, among which two of them were placed on the contact points. The other
four were distributed in a single point with vertical, respectively oblique
direction. The applied force values were 67N, 135N and 454N. The FEA analysis
demonstrates that the composite material undertakes and transfers all the tensions
to the Ti substructure, which leads to slightly higher tension in dentine compared
with the natural premolar. The Ti-Ceramic crown absorbs some of the tension and
distributes to the dentine approximately the same tension as the enamel of the
natural premolar.
C1 [Ispas, A.; Craciun, A.; Constantiniuc, M.; Lascu, L.] Iuliu Hatieganu Univ Med
& Pharm, Dept Prosthodont, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
[Cosma, C.; Leordean, D.; Vilau, C.] Tehn Univ Cluj Napoca, Cluj Napoca,
Romania.
RP Ispas, A (reprint author), Iuliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Prosthodont,
Cluj Napoca, Romania.
EM ispas.ana@umfcluj.ro
RI Leordean, Dan/O-8425-2016
OI Leordean, Dan/0000-0002-3162-0283
FU AM-CIR project - UEFISCDI by the Romanian Government
[PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-1157, 37/01.10.2015]
FX This research was supported by the AM-CIR project,
PN-II-RU-TE-2014-4-1157, no. 37/01.10.2015 financed from the UEFISCDI by
the Romanian Government.
CR Balc N., 2015, MTEM C CLUJ NAP
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NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 10
PU NATL INST OPTOELECTRONICS
PI BUCHAREST-MAGURELE
PA 1 ATOMISTILOR ST, PO BOX MG-5, BUCHAREST-MAGURELE 76900, ROMANIA
SN 1454-4164
EI 1841-7132
J9 J OPTOELECTRON ADV M
JI J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9-10
BP 904
EP 912
PG 9
GA EE6NG
UT WOS:000389728900028
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Krol, M
Tanski, T
AF Krol, M.
Tanski, T.
TI SURFACE QUALITY RESEARCH FOR SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OF TI-6AL-4V ALLOY
SO ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; SLM process; surface quality; roughness
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PARTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TITANIUM; POWDER; STEEL
AB One of the innovative technology of producing the components is Selective Laser
Melting (SLM) belongs to additive manufacturing techniques. SLM technology has
already been successfully applied in the automotive, aerospace and medical
industries. Despite progress in material flexibility and mechanical performances,
relatively poor surface finish still presents a significant weakness in the SLM
process.
The scope of the present article is the study the influence of selective laser
melting parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, exposure time and hatch
spacing through additive manufacturing as well as the orientation of the model
corresponding to the laser beam on the surface characteristic of the components
made from Ti-6Al-4V alloy. By using optimized process parameters, a low surface
roughness can be obtained.
In research, the machine for the selective laser melting of metal powders
Renishaw AM 125 device was used. Based on experiment plan, 32 models were produced,
which were examined to define the surface roughness and thus represent an influence
of process parameters and the orientation on the model surface quality.
The article discusses the fundamental factors determining the roughness that
gives invaluable knowledge to improve the surface quality of SLM parts.
C1 [Krol, M.; Tanski, T.] Silesian Tech Univ, Inst Engn Mat & Biomat, Fac Mech
Engn, 18A Konarskiego Str, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
RP Krol, M (reprint author), Silesian Tech Univ, Inst Engn Mat & Biomat, Fac Mech
Engn, 18A Konarskiego Str, PL-44100 Gliwice, Poland.
EM mariusz.krol@polsl.pl
RI Krol, Mariusz/O-4041-2016
OI Krol, Mariusz/0000-0002-6703-5019
FU Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland
FX This publication was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of Poland as the statutory financial grant of the Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering SUT.
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NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 43
PU POLSKA AKAD NAUK, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, INST METALL & MATER SCI PAS
PI WARSZAWA
PA PL, 00-901 WARSZAWA, POLAND
SN 1733-3490
EI 2300-1909
J9 ARCH METALL MATER
JI Arch. Metall. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 3
BP 945
EP 950
DI 10.1515/amm-2016-0213
PG 6
GA EA2BR
UT WOS:000386396900007
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hao, YL
Li, SJ
Yang, R
AF Hao, Yu-Lin
Li, Shu-Jun
Yang, Rui
TI Biomedical titanium alloys and their additive manufacturing
SO RARE METALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Beta titanium alloys; High strength; Low elastic modulus; Additive
manufacturing; Biomedical application
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; BEAM MELTING EBM; LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
ELECTRON-BEAM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IN-VITRO; TI-24NB-4ZR-8SN ALLOY;
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TREATMENT; BONE INGROWTH
AB Titanium and its alloys have been widely used for biomedical applications due to
their better biomechanical and biochemical compatibility than other metallic
materials such as stainless steels and Co-based alloys. A brief review on the
development of the beta-type titanium alloys with high strength and low elastic
modulus is given, and the use of additive manufacturing technologies to produce
porous titanium alloy parts, using Ti-6Al-4V as a reference, and its potential in
fabricating biomedical replacements are discussed in this paper.
C1 [Hao, Yu-Lin; Li, Shu-Jun; Yang, Rui] Chinese Acad Sci, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat
Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, R (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Inst Met
Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
EM ryang@imr.ac.cn
FU National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
[2015AA033702]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB619103,
2012CB933901]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51271180,
51271182]
FX This work was financially supported by the National High Technology
Research and Development Program of China (No. 2015AA033702), the
National Basic Research Program of China (Nos. 2012CB619103 and
2012CB933901) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.
51271180 and 51271182).
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TC 5
Z9 5
U1 14
U2 67
PU NONFERROUS METALS SOC CHINA
PI BEIJING
PA 12B FUXIN RD, BEIJING 100814, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-0521
EI 1867-7185
J9 RARE METALS
JI Rare Metals
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 9
BP 661
EP 671
DI 10.1007/s12598-016-0793-5
PG 11
Engineering
GA DW2XE
UT WOS:000383504600001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Martin, G
Fabregue, D
Mercier, F
Chafino-Aixa, JA
Dendievel, R
Blandin, JJ
AF Martin, Guilhem
Fabregue, Damien
Mercier, Florian
Chafino-Aixa, Juan-Antonio
Dendievel, Remy
Blandin, Jean-Jacques
TI Coupling electron beam melting and spark plasma sintering: A new
processing route for achieving titanium architectured microstructures
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Spark plasma sintering; Titanium alloys;
Microstructure; Metal-metal composites
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLULAR TITANIUM; COMPRESSION FATIGUE; MELTED
TI-6AL-4V; PARENT GRAINS; MESH ARRAYS; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; ALLOY; SIZE
AB A new route for elaborating architectured materials with a spatially controlled
3D microstructure is proposed. A combination of Electron Beam Melting (EBM) and
Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is used to generate a microstructural composite made
of Ti-alloys. A lattice structure made of Ti6Al4V is first fabricated by EBM. The
lattice structure is then filled with another Ti-alloy powder before SPS. A bulk
specimen is thus obtained with two different microstructures: one inherited from
the EBM process in the lattice and the other one resulting from sintering in the
matrix. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Martin, Guilhem; Dendievel, Remy; Blandin, Jean-Jacques] Univ Grenoble Alpes,
SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Martin, Guilhem; Dendievel, Remy; Blandin, Jean-Jacques] CNRS, SIMAP, F-38000
Grenoble, France.
[Fabregue, Damien; Mercier, Florian; Chafino-Aixa, Juan-Antonio] INSA Lyon,
MATEIS, CNRS UMR5510, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
RP Martin, G (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble,
France.; Martin, G (reprint author), CNRS, SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
EM guilhem.martin@simap.grenoble-inp.fr
FU "Investments for the Future Program" [AN-10-LABX-44-01]
FX This work was performed within the framework of the Center of Excellence
of Multifunctional Architectured Materials "CEMAM" no. AN-10-LABX-44-01
funded by the "Investments for the Future Program".
0397-x
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NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 68
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 122
BP 5
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.05.001
PG 5
GA DQ1KG
UT WOS:000378959300002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Saedi, S
Turabi, AS
Andani, MT
Haberland, C
Karaca, H
Elahinia, M
AF Saedi, Soheil
Turabi, Ali Sadi
Karaca, Haluk
Elahinia, Mohammad
TI The influence of heat treatment on the thermomechanical response of
Ni-rich NiTi alloys manufactured by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Shape memory alloy; NiTi; Additive manufacturing; Selective laser
melting; Superelastic NiTi; Heat treatments
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NICKEL-TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE;
POWDER; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; METALLURGY
AB This study presents the effects of solution annealing and subsequent aging on
shape memory response of Ni-rich Ni50.8Ti49.2 alloys fabricated by Selective Laser
Melting. After solutionizing, samples were heat treated at selected times at 350
degrees C and 450 degrees C and their shape memory effect, superelasticity, and
transformation temperatures were determined. It was found that transformation
temperatures, transformation behavior, strength, and recoverable strain are highly
heat treatment dependent. Samples aged at 350 degrees C showed better recovery in
superelasticity tests where 350 degrees C-18 h aged samples exhibited almost
perfect superelasticity with 95% recovery ratio with 5.5% strain in the first cycle
and stabilized superelasticity with a recoverable strain of 4.2% after 10th cycle.
Meanwhile, 450 degrees C-10 h aged sample exhibited 68% recovery with a recoverable
strain of 4.2% in the first cycle and stabilized recoverable strain of 3.8% after
10th cycle. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Saedi, Soheil; Turabi, Ali Sadi; Karaca, Haluk] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn,
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Haberland, Christoph; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo,
Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Elahinia, M (reprint author), 2801 W Bancroft St MS 312, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
EM soheil.saedi@uky.edu; sadi.turabi@uky.edu; mtaheri@umich.edu;
haberlandchristoph@gmail.com; karacahaluk@uky.edu;
mohammad.elahinia@utoledo.edu
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NR 52
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 90
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD AUG 25
PY 2016
VL 677
BP 204
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.161
PG 7
GA DL2QW
UT WOS:000375481100027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Farina, I
Fabbrocino, F
Colangelo, F
Feo, L
Fraternali, F
AF Farina, Ilenia
Fabbrocino, Francesco
Colangelo, Francesco
Feo, Luciano
Fraternali, Fernando
TI Surface roughness effects on the reinforcement of cement mortars through
3D printed metallic fibers
LA English
DT Article
DE Fibres; Fibre/matrix bond; Fracture toughness; Surface analysis;
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MATRIX COMPOSITES; MASONRY DOMES; INTERFACE;
MANUFACTURE; STRENGTH; FRACTURE; ASH
AB We analyze the flexural reinforcement of a high-strength cement mortar using
metallic fibers obtained via additive manufacturing of a powder of the titanium
alloy Ti-6Al-4V. The analyzed fibers feature either macroscopic or microscopic
surface roughness. Their surface morphology is characterized via optical and
scanning electron microscopy. The results highlight that the flexural strength and
fracture toughness of the examined mortar depend on the scale of the surface
roughness of the reinforcing fibers. Specimens reinforced with fibers exhibiting
microscopic surface roughness exhibit a pull through bonding mechanism between
fiber and matrix, which causes limited matrix damage and a diffuse friction
contribution to energy dissipation. Specimens reinforced with fibers exhibiting
microscopic surface roughness, however, feature a pull through bonding mechanism
that causes remarkable matrix damage. Comparisons with previous results relative to
the reinforcement of a different cement mortar by the same fibers are established.
(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Farina, Ilenia; Colangelo, Francesco] Univ Naples Parthenope, Dept Engn, Ctr
Direz Napoli, Isola C4, I-80143 Naples, Italy.
[Fabbrocino, Francesco] Pegaso Univ, Dept Engn, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-
80132 Naples, Italy.
[Feo, Luciano; Fraternali, Fernando] Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, Via Giovanni
Paolo 2 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
RP Fraternali, F (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, Via Giovanni
EM f.fraternali@unisa.it
RI Fraternali, Fernando/A-4237-2018
OI Fraternali, Fernando/0000-0002-7549-6405
CR ACI Task Committee 318, 2008, 318 ACI TASK COMM
Amendola A, 2016, COMPOS STRUCT
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NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-8368
EI 1879-1069
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 305
EP 311
DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.05.055
PG 7
GA DS1XE
UT WOS:000380417600029
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JK
Zhang, X
Wang, XY
Ding, JL
Traore, Y
Paddea, S
Williams, S
AF Zhang, Jikui
Zhang, Xiang
Wang, Xueyuan
Ding, Jialuo
Traore, Yeli
Paddea, Sanjooram
Williams, Stewart
TI Crack path selection at the interface of wrought and wire plus arc
additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium alloy; Crack path selection;
Microstructure; Residual stress; Bi-material; Finite element model
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; RESIDUAL-STRESS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; FATIGUE; DEPOSITION;
PROPAGATION; COMPONENTS
AB Crack propagation deviation tendency in specimens containing an interface
between wrought alloy substrate and Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture (WAAM) built
Ti-6Al-4V is investigated from the viewpoints of microstructure, residual stress
and bi-material system. It is found that a crack initiated at the interface tends
to grow into the substrate that has equiaxed microstructure and lower resistance to
fatigue crack propagation. Experimental observations are interpreted by finite
element modelling of the effects of residual stress and mechanical property
mismatch between the WAAM and wrought alloy. Residual stresses retained in the
compact tension specimens are evaluated based on measured residual stress in the
initial WAAM built wall. Cracks perpendicular to the interface kept a straight path
owing to the symmetrical residual stress distribution. In this case the tangential
stress in bi-material model is also symmetric and has the maximum value at the
initial crack plane. In contrast, cracks parallel to the interface are inclined to
grow towards the substrate due to the mode II (or sliding mode) stress intensity
factor caused by the asymmetric residual stress field. Asymmetric tangential stress
in the bi-material model also contributes to the observed crack deviation trend
according to the maximum tangential stress criterion. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Jikui] Beihang Univ, Dept Aircraft Design, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
[Zhang, Xiang; Wang, Xueyuan; Ding, Jialuo; Williams, Stewart] Cranfield Univ,
Sch Aerosp Transport & Mfg, Bedford MK43 0HQ, England.
[Zhang, Xiang; Wang, Xueyuan] Coventry Univ, Fac Engn Environm & Comp, Coventry
CV1 2JH, W Midlands, England.
[Traore, Yeli; Paddea, Sanjooram] Open Univ, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA,
Bucks, England.
RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Coventry Univ, Fac Engn Environm & Comp, Coventry CV1
2JH, W Midlands, England.
EM zjk@buaa.edu.cn; xiang.zhang@coventry.ac.uk;
jialuo.ding@cranfield.ac.uk; sanjooram.paddea@open.ac.uk;
s.williams@cranfield.ac.uk
FU China Scholarship Council [201406025015, 2012094300044]; Aviation
Industry Corporation of China [2012-5023]
FX The authors would like to thank the WAAMMat programme industry partners
for providing test materials, China Scholarship Council (Grant
201406025015, 2012094300044) and Aviation Industry Corporation of China
(Grant 2012-5023) for financial support, Nicholas Hills and Dongni Wang
for conducting part of the tests.
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NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 62
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 104
BP 365
EP 375
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.027
PG 11
GA DN9FH
UT WOS:000377384400044
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Reichardt, A
Dillon, RP
Borgonia, JP
Shapiro, AA
McEnerney, BW
Momose, T
Hosemann, P
AF Reichardt, Ashley
Dillon, R. Peter
Borgonia, John Paul
Shapiro, Andrew A.
McEnerney, Bryan W.
Momose, Tatsuki
Hosemann, Peter
TI Development and characterization of Ti-6Al-4V to 304L stainless steel
gradient components fabricated with laser deposition additive
manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser deposition; Functionally graded; Ti-alloy; Stainless steel 304L;
Fe-V sigma phase
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COPPER INTERLAYER;
ALLOY; TITANIUM; 304-STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURES; EVOLUTION; CR
AB In this study, a multi-hopper laser deposition system is used to additively
manufacture functionally graded Ti-6Al-4V to 304L stainless steel components with a
vanadium interlayer. Grain morphology, phase, and composition are mapped along the
component gradients with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and energy
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and mechanical property changes are assessed
utilizing Vickers hardness and nanoindentation. Precipitation of brittle
intermetallic compounds such as FeTi and the formation of an Fe-V-Cr sigma phase
are confirmed to be the causes ofmid-fabrication cracking in the components. Guided
by multicomponent phase diagrams, alternate paths in composition space are proposed
to strategically avoid unfavorable phase formation along the gradient. Composition-
dependent adjustment of process parameters is also proposed to reduce the
prevalence of observed powder inclusions, homogenize grain morphology, and improve
component mechanical properties. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Reichardt, Ashley; Hosemann, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn,
Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dillon, R. Peter; Borgonia, John Paul; Shapiro, Andrew A.; McEnerney, Bryan W.]
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Momose, Tatsuki] Tohoku Univ, Dept Mat Proc, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
RP Reichardt, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, 4155 Etcheverry Hall,MC
1730, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM areichar@berkeley.edu
OI Hosemann, Peter/0000-0003-2281-2213
FU NASA [1534814]
FX This paper was developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA (1534814).
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NR 36
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 12
U2 97
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 104
BP 404
EP 413
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.016
PG 10
GA DN9FH
UT WOS:000377384400047
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Khorasani, AM
Gibson, I
Goldberg, M
Littlefair, G
AF Khorasani, Amir Mahyar
Gibson, Ian
Goldberg, Moshe
Littlefair, Guy
TI A survey on mechanisms and critical parameters on solidification of
selective laser melting during fabrication of Ti-6Al-4V prosthetic
acetabular cup
LA English
DT Article
DE Acetabular shell; Gibbs free energy; Selective laser melting; Surface
energy; Solidification; Thermal stress
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; TENSILE BEHAVIOR;
MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; COMPOSITE; EVOLUTION; POROSITY; POWDER; PARTS
AB Additive Manufacturing (AM) includes a range of approaches that correlate with
computer aided design (CAD) and manufacturing by fabrication via precise layers and
is a promising method for the production of medical tools. In this study, different
aspects and mechanisms of solidification for curved surfaces based on equilibrium
at curved interfaces, Monge patch, interfacial and Gibbs energy will be discussed.
Also, the effect of capillarity, geometry, substrate temperature, cooling rate and
scanning parameters in the solidification of a prosthetic acetabular cup (PAC)
using selective laser melting (SLM) is analysed. The contributions of this work are
analysing solidification and effective factors in this process to produce parts
with a higher quality and mechanical properties such as strength, strain, porosity,
relative density and hardness. Results indicate that due to the surface to volume
(S/V) ratio, and the increasing effect of the radius on Monge patch, thermal
stresses and surface forces are more prevalent on outer surfaces. Moreover,
solidification and mechanical properties are related to capillarity, geometry,
substrate temperature, cooling rate, scanning power and speed. The results also
indicate the interaction of solute diffusion and heat transfer with interatomic
forces in large S/V ratio and at small scales tend to improve solidification. (C)
2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Khorasani, Amir Mahyar; Gibson, Ian; Goldberg, Moshe; Littlefair, Guy] Deakin
Univ, Fac Sci Engn & Built Environm, Sch Engn, Waurn Ponds, Vic, Australia.
RP Khorasani, AM (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Fac Sci Engn & Built Environm, Sch
Engn, Waurn Ponds, Vic, Australia.
EM mahyar@deakin.edu.au; ian.gibson@deakin.edu.au;
moshe.goldberg@deakin.edu.au; guy.littlefair@deakin.edu.au
RI Littlefair, Guy/N-1614-2017
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Zhao X, 2015, MATER MANUF PROCESS, V30, P1283, DOI 10.1080/10426914.2015.1026351
NR 38
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 8
U2 72
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 103
BP 348
EP 355
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.074
PG 8
GA DN2KK
UT WOS:000376892300040
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Qiang
Chen, Jing
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Wei-dong
TI Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of laser additive
manufactured Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy; laser additive manufacture;
microstructure; thermal history; mechanical properties
ID TI-6.5AL-3.5MO-1.5ZR-0.3SI TITANIUM-ALLOY; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; PART I;
DEPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; STRENGTH; BUILDS; POWER; WIRE
AB The microstructure, microhardness and tensile properties of laser additive
manufactured (LAM) Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy were investigated. The result shows
that the microstructure evolution is strongly affected by the thermal history of
LAM process. Primary alpha (alpha(p)) with different morphologies, secondary alpha
(alpha(s)) and martensite alpha' can be observed at different positions of the
LAMed specimen. Annealing treatment can promote the precipitation of rib-like alpha
phase or acicular alpha phase. As a result, it can increase or decrease the
microhardness. The as-deposited L-direction and T-direction specimens contain the
same phase constituent with different morphologies. The tensile properties of the
as-deposited LAMed specimens are characterized of anisotropy. The L-direction
specimen shows the character of low strength but high ductility when compared with
the T-direction specimen. After annealing treatment, the strength of L-direction
specimen increases significantly while the ductility reduces. The strength of the
annealed T-direction specimen changes little, however, the ductility reduces nearly
by 50%.
C1 [Zhang, Qiang; Chen, Jing; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Wei-dong] Northwestern
Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples R China.
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
[2013AA031103]
FX Projects (51105311, 51475380) supported by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China; Project (2013AA031103) supported by the National
High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
0397-x
CHANDLER H, 1996, HEAT TREATERS GUIDE, P514
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0136(01)00788-9
10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.086
2218-0
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 25
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2058
EP 2066
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(16)64300-5
PG 9
GA DW9WY
UT WOS:000384014600006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hyzy, SL
Cheng, A
Cohen, DJ
Yatzkaier, G
Whitehead, AJ
Clohessy, RM
Gittens, RA
Boyan, BD
Schwartz, Z
AF Hyzy, Sharon L.
Cheng, Alice
Cohen, David J.
Yatzkaier, Gustavo
Whitehead, Alexander J.
Clohessy, Ryan M.
Gittens, Rolando A.
Boyan, Barbara D.
Schwartz, Zvi
TI Novel hydrophilic nanostructured microtexture on direct metal laser
sintered Ti-6Al-4V surfaces enhances osteoblast response in vitro and
osseointegration in a rabbit model
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; animal model; dental implants; DMLS; laser
sintering technology; titanium alloy
ID MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; DENTAL IMPLANT SURFACES; TITANIUM IMPLANTS;
LINEAGE CELLS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS
TITANIUM; BONE; WETTABILITY; ALLOY
AB The purpose of this study was to compare the biological effects in vivo of
hierarchical surface roughness on laser sintered titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti-
6Al-4V) implants to those of conventionally machined implants on osteoblast
response in vitro and osseointegration. Laser sintered disks were fabricated to
have micro-/nano-roughness and wettability. Control disks were computer numerical
control (CNC) milled and then polished to be smooth (CNC-M). Laser sintered disks
were polished smooth (LST-M), grit blasted (LST-B), or blasted and acid etched
(LST-BE). LST-BE implants or implants manufactured by CNC milling and grit blasted
(CNC-B) were implanted in the femurs of male New Zealand white rabbits. Most
osteoblast differentiation markers and local factors were enhanced on rough LST-B
and LST-BE surfaces in comparison to smooth CNC-M or LST-M surfaces for MG63 and
normal human osteoblast cells. To determine if LST-BE implants were osteogenic in
vivo, we compared them to implant surfaces used clinically. LST-BE implants had a
unique surface with combined micro-/nano-roughness and higher wettability than
conventional CNC-B implants. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated a significant
improvement in cortical bone-implant contact of LST-BE implants compared to CNC-B
implants after 3 and 6 weeks. However, mechanical testing revealed no differences
between implant pullout forces at those time points. LST surfaces enhanced
osteoblast differentiation and production of local factors in vitro and improved
the osseointegration process in vivo. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed
Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2086-2098, 2016.
C1 [Hyzy, Sharon L.; Cohen, David J.; Whitehead, Alexander J.; Clohessy, Ryan M.;
Boyan, Barbara D.; Schwartz, Zvi] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biomed Engn,
Richmond, VA USA.
[Cheng, Alice; Boyan, Barbara D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Biomed Engn,
Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Cheng, Alice] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Yatzkaier, Gustavo] Private Oral Surg Clin, Ashqelon, Israel.
[Gittens, Rolando A.] Inst Adv Sci Res & High Technol Serv INDICASAT AI, Ctr
Biodivers & Drug Discovery, Panama City, Panama.
[Schwartz, Zvi] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Sch Engn, 601 West Main
St,POB 843068, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
EM bboyan@vcu.edu
FU AB Dental; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship; SNI
program from SENACYT, Panama; National Institute of Arthritis and
Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) (USPHS) [AR052102, AR068703]
FX Contract grant sponsor: AB Dentalr Contract grant sponsor: National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (to A.C.)r Contract
grant sponsor: SNI program from SENACYT, Panama (R.A.G.)r Contract grant
sponsor: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin
Diseases (NIAMS) (USPHS Award Nos. AR052102 and AR068703)
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NR 65
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 30
PU WILEY
PI HOBOKEN
SN 1549-3296
EI 1552-4965
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 104
IS 8
BP 2086
EP 2098
DI 10.1002/jbm.a.35739
PG 13
GA DR2LR
UT WOS:000379736500024
PM 27086616
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gu, DD
Dai, DH
Chen, WH
Chen, HY
AF Gu, Dongdong
Dai, Donghua
Chen, Wenhua
Chen, Hongyu
TI Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufacturing of Hard-to-Process
Tungsten-Based Alloy Parts With Novel Crystalline Growth Morphology and
Enhanced Performance
ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; tungsten; crystal
growth; wear
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER-BED; TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS;
BEHAVIOR; NANOCOMPOSITES; CONSOLIDATION; FABRICATION; COMPOSITES
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) of hard-to-process W-
based parts with the addition of 2.5 wt.% TiC was performed using a new
metallurgical processing mechanism with the complete melting of the high-melting-
point powder. The influence of SLM processing parameters, especially laser scan
speed and attendant laser fluence (LF), on densification behavior, microstructural
development, and hardness/wear performance of SLM-processed W-based alloy parts was
disclosed. The densification response of SLM-processed W-based parts decreased both
at a low LF of 10.7 J/mm(2), caused by the limited SLM working temperature and
wetting characteristics of the melt, and at an excessively high LF of 64 J/mm(2),
caused by the significant melt instability and resultant balling effect and
microcracks formation. The laser-induced complete melting/solidification mechanism
contributed to the solid solution alloying of Ti and C in W matrix and the
development of unique microstructures of SLM-processed W-based alloy parts. As the
applied LF increased by lowering laser scan speed, the morphologies of W-based
crystals in SLM-processed alloy parts experienced a successive change from the
cellular crystal to the cellular dendritic crystal and, finally, to the equiaxed
dendritic crystal, due to an elevated constitutional undercooling and a decreased
thermal undercooling. The optimally prepared W-based alloy parts by SLM had a
nearly full densification rate of 97.8% theoretical density (TD), a considerably
high microhardness of 809.9 HV0.3, and a superior wear/tribological performance
with a decreased coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.41 and a low wear rate of 5.73
x 10(-7) m(3)/(N m), due to the combined effects of the sufficiently high
densification and novel crystal microstructures of SLM-processed W-based alloy
parts.
C1 [Gu, Dongdong; Dai, Donghua; Chen, Wenhua; Chen, Hongyu] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut &
Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R
China.
[Gu, Dongdong; Dai, Donghua; Chen, Wenhua; Chen, Hongyu] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut &
Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg Printing 3D, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu,
Peoples R China.
RP Gu, DD (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci &
Technol, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Gu, DD (reprint
author), Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg Printing 3D, Yudao St
29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM dongdonggu@nuaa.edu.cn
Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China the Outstanding Youth
Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20130035]; Program for New
Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0854]; Science and
Technology Support Program (The Industrial Part), Jiangsu Provincial
Department of Science and Technology of China [BE2014009-2]; 333 Project
[BRA2015368]; Science and Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas
Chinese Scholar, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of
China; Aeronautical Science Foundation of China [2015ZE52051]; Shanghai
Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund [SAST2015053];
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [NE2013103,
NP2015206]
FX The authors gratefully appreciate the financial support from the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51322509 and
51575267), the Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China the Outstanding
Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No. BK20130035), the
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.
NCET-13-0854), the Science and Technology Support Program (The
Industrial Part), Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and
Technology of China (No. BE2014009-2), the 333 Project (No. BRA2015368),
the Science and Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese
Scholar, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China, the
Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 2015ZE52051), the Shanghai
Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund (No. SAST2015053), and
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos.
NE2013103 and NP2015206).
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NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 19
U2 83
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
SN 1087-1357
EI 1528-8935
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 8
AR 081003
DI 10.1115/1.4032192
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA DR0IM
UT WOS:000379591200003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Pakkanen, J
Calignano, F
Trevisan, F
Lorusso, M
Ambrosio, EP
Manfredi, D
Fino, P
AF Pakkanen, Jukka
Calignano, Flaviana
Trevisan, Francesco
Lorusso, Massimo
Manfredi, Diego
Fino, Paolo
TI Study of Internal Channel Surface Roughnesses Manufactured by Selective
Laser Melting in Aluminum and Titanium Alloys
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
CT Symposium on Additive Manufacturing - Building the Pathway to Material
and Process Qualification held at the TMS Annual Meeting
CY 2016
CL Nashville, TN
SP TMS
ID PARTS; SLM
AB Interest in additive manufacturing (AM) has gained considerable impetus over the
past decade. One of the driving factors for AM success is the ability to create
unique designs with intrinsic characteristics as, e.g., internal channels used for
hydraulic components, cooling channels, and heat exchangers. However, a couple of
the main problems in internal channels manufactured by AM technologies are the high
surface roughness obtained and the distortion of the channel shape. There is still
much to understand in these design aspects. In this study, a cylindrical geometry
for internal channels to be built with different angles with respect to the
building plane in AlSi10Mg and Ti6Al4V alloys by selective laser melting was
considered. The internal surfaces of the channels produced in both materials were
analyzed by means of a surface roughness tester and by optical and electron
microscopy to evaluate the effects of the material and design choices.
C1 [Pakkanen, Jukka; Trevisan, Francesco; Fino, Paolo] Politecn Torino, Dept Appl
Sci & Technol, Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
[Pakkanen, Jukka; Calignano, Flaviana; Trevisan, Francesco; Lorusso, Massimo;
Ambrosio, Elisa Paola; Manfredi, Diego; Fino, Paolo] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Space
Human Robot, Corso Trento 21, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Pakkanen, J (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso
Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM jukka.pakkanen@polito.it
OI Calignano, Flaviana/0000-0001-7672-7650; Manfredi,
Diego/0000-0002-2876-143X; Fino, Paolo/0000-0002-7248-8039
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NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 9
U2 57
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 47A
IS 8
BP 3837
EP 3844
DI 10.1007/s11661-016-3478-7
PG 8
Engineering
GA DQ8XJ
UT WOS:000379494700009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Q
Wang, YD
Zheng, H
Tang, K
Li, HX
Gong, SL
AF Liu, Qi
Wang, Yudai
Zheng, Hang
Tang, Kang
Li, Huaixue
Gong, Shuili
TI TC17 titanium alloy laser melting deposition repair process and
properties
SO OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser melting deposition; Ti alloy; Laser repair; Surface defect;
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER DEPOSITION;
STAINLESS-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; WIRE; SUPERALLOY
AB Due to the high manufacturing cost of titanium compressor blisks, aero engine
repairing process research has important engineering significance and economic
value. TC17 titanium alloy is a rich beta stable element dual alpha+beta phase
alloy whose nominal composition is Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr. It has high mechanical
strength, good fracture toughness, high hardenability and a wide forging-
temperature range. Through a surface response experiment with different laser
powers, scanning speeds and powder feeding speeds, the coaxial powder feeding laser
melting deposition repair process is studied for the surface circular groove
defects. In this paper, the tensile properties, relative density, microhardness,
elemental composition, internal defects and microstructure of the laser-repaired
TC17 forging plate are analyzed. The results show that the laser melting deposition
process could realize the form restoration of groove defect; tensile strength and
elongation could reach 1100 MPa and 10%, which could reach 91-98% that of original
TC17 wrought material; with the optimal parameters (1000 W-25 V-8 mm/s), the
microhardness of the additive zone, the heat-affected zone and base material is
evenly distributed at 370-390 HV500. The element content difference between the
additive zone and base material is less than +/- 0.15%. Due to the existence of the
pores 10 mu m in diameter, the relative density could reach 99%, which is mainly
inversely proportional to the powder feeding speed. The repaired zone is typically
columnar and dendrite crystal, and the 0.5-1.5 mm-deep heat-affected zone in the
groove interface is coarse equiaxial crystal. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Liu, Qi; Wang, Yudai; Zheng, Hang; Tang, Kang; Li, Huaixue; Gong, Shuili] AVIC
Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Beijing Key Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg
Technol, Aeronaut Key Lab Addit Mfg Technol, Sci & Technol Power Beam Proc Lab,
[Zheng, Hang] Beihang Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automat, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
[Tang, Kang] China Univ Petr, Sch Mech Engn, Qingdao 266000, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, Q (reprint author), AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Beijing Key
Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg Technol, Aeronaut Key Lab Addit Mfg Technol, Sci &
Technol Power Beam Proc Lab, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
EM aliuqi@gmail.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51505451]; Beijing
Municipal Science and Technology Program [Z131104002813103]
FX This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant no. 51505451) and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology
Program (Grant no. Z131104002813103). The science and technology
activities were especially supported by Dr Hongbo Suo, Dr Zhitao Huang,
Dr Sheng Zhang, Dr Wei then, Yang Yang, Prof. Li Chen and Prof. Zhiqiang
Li.
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NR 33
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 59
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0030-3992
EI 1879-2545
J9 OPT LASER TECHNOL
JI Opt. Laser Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 82
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.02.013
PG 9
SC Optics; Physics
GA DL3AU
UT WOS:000375507400001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, C
Pan, ZX
Cuiuri, D
Dong, BS
Li, HJ
AF Shen, Chen
Pan, Zengxi
Cuiuri, Dominic
Dong, Bosheng
Li, Huijun
TI In-depth study of the mechanical properties for Fe3Al based iron
aluminide fabricated using the wire-arc additive manufacturing process
LA English
DT Article
DE Iron aluminide; Ferrous alloy; Additive manufacturing; Welding;
ID FE3AL-BASED ALLOYS; TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; MICROSTRUCTURE; FRACTURE;
POWDER; FEAL
AB An innovative wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process is used to
fabricate iron aluminide alloy in-situ, through separate feeding of pure Fe and Al
wires into a molten pool that is generated by the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
process. This paper investigates the morphologies, chemical compositions and
mechanical properties of the as-fabricated 30 at% Al iron aluminide wall
components, and how these properties vary at different locations within the buildup
wall. The tensile properties are also measured in different loading orientations;
as epitaxial growth of large columnar grains is observed in the microstructures.
Fe3Al is the only phase detected in the middle buildup section of the wall
structure, which constitutes the majority of the deposited material. The bottom
section of the structure contains a dilution affected region where some acicular
Fe3AlC0.5 precipitates can be observed, induced by carbon from the steel substrate
that was used for fabrication. The microhardness and chemical composition indicate
relatively homogeneous material properties throughout the buildup wall. However,
the tensile properties are very different in the longitudinal direction and normal
directions, due to epitaxial growth of large columnar grains. In general, the
results have demonstrated that the WAAM process is capable of producing full
density in-situ-alloyed iron aluminide components with tensile properties that are
comparable to powder metallurgy methods. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by
C1 [Shen, Chen; Pan, Zengxi; Cuiuri, Dominic; Dong, Bosheng; Li, Huijun] Univ
Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522,
Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields
Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
OI Shen, Chen/0000-0002-7687-6418
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from China
Scholarship Council (CSC), University of Wollongong (UOW), Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA), and use of the facilities
within the UOW Electron Microscopy Centre.
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NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 51
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JUL 4
PY 2016
VL 669
BP 118
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.05.047
PG 9
GA DQ1HD
UT WOS:000378951200015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, GY
Jia, WP
Zhao, P
Jia, L
Liu, N
Wang, J
Tang, HP
AF Yang Guangyu
Jia Wenpeng
Zhao Pei
Jia Liang
Liu Nan
Wang Jian
Tang Huiping
TI Microstructures of as-Fabricated and Post Heat Treated Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr
Alloy Produced by Selective Electron Beam Melting (SEBM)
LA English
DT Article
DE TiAl alloy; additive manufacturing; selective electron beam melting
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY
AB The microstructures of as-fabricated and post heat treated Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr (at%)
alloy produced by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) were examined. The
solidification path and the phase transformation of Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy during
SEBM process were analyzed. Results show that the microstructure is fully lamellar
(FL), consisting of fine gamma-TiAl and alpha(2)-Ti3Al, which is formed in the as-
fabricated TiAl specimen. Due to the rapid cooling and the cyclic heat treatment
during the SEBM process, the lamellar colonies and the lamellae width become
coarser and wider, respectively from the top to the bottom of the specimen,
solidification takes place solely through the beta phase, and the phase
transformation path is L -> L + beta -> beta -> beta + alpha -> alpha -> alpha +
gamma. Different post heat treatments were carried out to get a homogeneous
microstructure. Results indicate that a fine and homogeneous microstructure can be
achieved after oil quenching from 1250 degrees C and holding at 1200 degrees C for
2 h.
C1 [Yang Guangyu; Jia Wenpeng; Zhao Pei; Jia Liang; Liu Nan; Wang Jian; Tang
Huiping] Northwest Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian
RP Tang, HP (reprint author), Northwest Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab
Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
EM yanggy0403@163.com; thpfys@126.com
FU Science Plan Subject of Shaanxi Province Project [2014KTZB01-02-03,
2015KTCQ01-60]
FX Science Plan Subject of Shaanxi Province Project (2014KTZB01-02-03,
2015KTCQ01-60)
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NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 16
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 7
BP 1683
EP 1686
PG 4
Engineering
GA DS8XR
UT WOS:000381066800009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Balla, VK
Das, M
Mohammad, A
Al-Ahmari, AM
AF Balla, Vamsi Krishna
Das, Mitun
Mohammad, Ashfaq
Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman M.
TI Additive Manufacturing of -TiAl: Processing, Microstructure, and
Properties
LA English
DT Article
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION BEHAVIOR;
STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION; TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; INTERMETALLIC
ALLOY; SLIDING WEAR; GAMMA; SOLIDIFICATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Additive manufacturing of -TiAl intermetallic alloy using laser-engineered net
shaping (LENS) is reported. The influence of laser power and scan speed on
processability, microstructure, tribological, and electrochemical properties is
studied. The results demonstrate that near net shape -TiAl parts can be fabricated
using LENS and defect-free parts are obtained with narrow laser energy input range
(40-50Jmm(-2)). The high cooling rates result in massive-like matrix with small
amount of +(2) lamellar. Process parameters strongly influence tribological and
electrochemical properties of LENS-processed -TiAl parts in 3.5% NaCl solution.
Wear is of abrasive type with no evidence of corrosion on wear tracks.
C1 [Balla, Vamsi Krishna; Das, Mitun] Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, CSIR, Bioceram &
Coating Div, 196 Raja SC Mullick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India.
[Mohammad, Ashfaq] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman M.] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Coll Engn, Dept Ind
Engn, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
RP Balla, VK (reprint author), Cent Glass & Ceram Res Inst, CSIR, Bioceram &
Coating Div, 196 Raja SC Mullick Rd, Kolkata 700032, India.; Mohammad, A (reprint
author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM vamsiballa@cgcri.res.in; mashfaq@ksu.edu.sa
RI Das, Mitun/A-3338-2009; Balla, Vamsi/A-7287-2010; Al-Ahmari,
Abdulrahman/E-6000-2017
OI Das, Mitun/0000-0003-2334-7392; Balla, Vamsi/0000-0003-2796-7302;
Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman/0000-0002-3079-0141
Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[11-ADV1494-02]
Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,
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NR 43
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 52
PI WEINHEIM
SN 1438-1656
EI 1527-2648
J9 ADV ENG MATER
JI Adv. Eng. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 7
BP 1208
EP 1215
DI 10.1002/adem.201500588
PG 8
GA DR5JC
UT WOS:000379938300015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Scarlett, NVY
Tyson, P
Fraser, D
Mayo, S
Maksimenko, A
AF Scarlett, Nicola Vivienne Yorke
Tyson, Peter
Fraser, Darren
Mayo, Sheridan
Maksimenko, Anton
TI Synchrotron X-ray CT characterization of titanium parts fabricated by
additive manufacturing. Part I. Morphology
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; titanium; X-ray tomography
AB Synchrotron X-ray tomography has been applied to the study of titanium parts
fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM). The AM method employed here was the
Arcam EBM (R) (electron beam melting) process which uses powdered titanium alloy,
Ti64 (Ti alloy with approximately 6% Al and 4% V), as the feed and an electron beam
for the sintering/welding. The experiment was conducted on the Imaging and Medical
Beamline of the Australian Synchrotron. Samples were chosen to examine the effect
of build direction and complexity of design on the surface morphology and final
dimensions of the piece.
C1 [Scarlett, Nicola Vivienne Yorke] CSIRO, Mineral Resources, Bayview Ave,
Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Tyson, Peter] CSIRO, Informat Management & Technol, Bayview Ave, Clayton, Vic
3168, Australia.
[Fraser, Darren; Mayo, Sheridan] CSIRO, Mfg, Bayview Ave, Clayton, Vic 3168,
Australia.
[Maksimenko, Anton] Australian Synchrotron, Imaging & Med Beamline, 800
Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
RP Scarlett, NVY (reprint author), CSIRO, Mineral Resources, Bayview Ave, Clayton,
Vic 3168, Australia.
EM nicola.scarlett@csiro.au
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NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 24
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5775
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
BP 1006
EP 1014
DI 10.1107/S1600577516007359
PN 4
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA DR5PJ
UT WOS:000379954600019
PM 27359150
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Scarlett, NVY
Tyson, P
Fraser, D
Mayo, S
Maksimenko, A
AF Scarlett, Nicola Vivienne Yorke
Tyson, Peter
Fraser, Darren
Mayo, Sheridan
Maksimenko, Anton
TI Synchrotron X-ray CT characterization of titanium parts fabricated by
additive manufacturing. Part II. Defects
SO JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; titanium; X-ray tomography
AB Synchrotron X-ray tomography (SXRT) has been applied to the study of defects
within three-dimensional printed titanium parts. These parts were made using the
Arcam EBM1 (electron beam melting) process which uses powdered titanium alloy, Ti64
(Ti alloy with approximately 6% Al and 4% V) as the feed and an electron beam for
the sintering/welding. The experiment was conducted on the Imaging and Medical
Beamline of the Australian Synchrotron. The samples represent a selection of
complex shapes with a variety of internal morphologies. Inspection via SXRT has
revealed a number of defects which may not otherwise have been seen. The location
and nature of such defects combined with detailed knowledge of the process
conditions can contribute to understanding the interplay between design and
manufacturing strategy. This fundamental understanding may subsequently be
incorporated into process modelling, prediction of properties and the development
of robust methodologies for the production of defect-free parts.
C1 [Scarlett, Nicola Vivienne Yorke] CSIRO, Mineral Resources, Bayview Ave,
Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Tyson, Peter] CSIRO, Informat Management & Technol, Bayview Ave, Clayton, Vic
3168, Australia.
[Fraser, Darren; Mayo, Sheridan] CSIRO, Mfg, Bayview Ave, Clayton, Vic 3168,
Australia.
[Maksimenko, Anton] Australian Synchrotron, Imaging & Med Beamline, 800
Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
RP Scarlett, NVY (reprint author), CSIRO, Mineral Resources, Bayview Ave, Clayton,
EM nicola.scarlett@csiro.au
CR Bourell D.L., 2009, ROADMAP ADDITIVE MAN
Gatto M, 2011, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V17, P128, DOI 10.1108/13552541111113871
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10.1107/S1600577516007359
10.1107/S0909049512023618
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NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 25
PU INT UNION CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
PI CHESTER
PA 2 ABBEY SQ, CHESTER, CH1 2HU, ENGLAND
SN 1600-5775
J9 J SYNCHROTRON RADIAT
JI J. Synchrot. Radiat.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 23
BP 1015
EP 1023
DI 10.1107/S1600577516008018
PN 4
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA DR5PJ
UT WOS:000379954600020
PM 27359151
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mandil, G
Le, VT
Paris, H
Suard, M
AF Mandil, Guillaume
Van Thao Le
Paris, Henri
Suard, Mathieu
TI Building new entities from existing titanium part by electron beam
melting: microstructures and mechanical properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Ti-6Al-4V;
ID TI-6AL-4V POWDER; FABRICATION; PARAMETERS; DEPOSITION; TI6AL4V; ALLOYS;
IMPACT; EBM
AB Electron beam melting (EBM) has been recognized as an emerging additive
manufacturing technology, which allows the production of fully dense parts from
various metals. The technique builds parts using an electron beam to melt metal
powder, layer by layer, in a powder bed. Thus, complex parts, including internal
structures, can be made directly from 3D CAD models without special fixtures and
cutting tools. Much research is conducted to study the microstructure and
mechanical properties of EBM-built parts or to investigate the effects of EBM
process parameters on the quality of parts. However, using EBM for building new
features on an existing part has received little attention from the research
community. Due to its performance, EBM seems able to transform an end-of-life (EoL)
part/existing part into a new part without returning to the level of raw material.
The aim of this study is to validate such principle. In this paper, an EBM machine
was used to produce new Ti-6Al-4V features on a Ti-6Al-4V plate, which was
considered as a useful core retrieved from an EoL product. The built samples,
including EBM-built features and Ti-6Al-4V plate, were investigated in terms of
their microstructure and mechanical properties. The results showed that EBM
technique allows new features with a suitable microstructure and controlled
mechanical properties to be built on an existing part. Moreover, the EBM-built
features have a strong bond with the existing part leading to the same mechanical
characteristics as original part. These demonstrate that the EBM technology has a
promising potential for producing new parts from EoL parts/existing parts.
C1 [Mandil, Guillaume; Van Thao Le; Paris, Henri; Suard, Mathieu] Univ Grenoble
Alpes, G SCOP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Mandil, Guillaume; Van Thao Le; Paris, Henri; Suard, Mathieu] G SCOP, CNRS, F-
38000 Grenoble, France.
[Suard, Mathieu] Univ Grenoble Alpes, SIMAP, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Suard, Mathieu] SIMAP, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
[Van Thao Le] Le Quy Don Tech Univ, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Hanoi, Vietnam.
RP Mandil, G (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, G SCOP, F-38000 Grenoble,
France.; Mandil, G (reprint author), G SCOP, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
EM Guillaume.Mandil@g-scop.eu
RI Le, Van Thao/M-8328-2016
OI Le, Van Thao/0000-0002-0989-3998
FU Rhone-Alpes Region of France
FX The authors would like to thank Rhone-Alpes Region of France for its
support in this project.
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NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 28
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 5-8
BP 1835
EP 1846
DI 10.1007/s00170-015-8049-3
PG 12
GA DQ1CT
UT WOS:000378939400073
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kundakcioglu, E
Lazoglu, I
Rawal, S
AF Kundakcioglu, Erdem
Lazoglu, Ismail
Rawal, Suraj
TI Transient thermal modeling of laser-based additive manufacturing for 3D
freeform structures
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive layer manufacturing; ALM; Laser; Selective laser melting;
Temperature; 3D; Sculptured
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; POWDER; SIMULATION
AB Additive layer manufacturing is growing very fast in various industries such as
biomedical, aircraft, and aerospace industries. There is a need for developing
simulation tools for predicting transient temperature fields in additive layer
manufacturing of three-dimensional (3D) complex parts in these industries.
Transient temperature fields in additive manufacturing are critical due to the fact
that transient temperatures directly affect residual stresses, microstructure,
fatigue life, 3D distortions, and deformations of produced parts. Considering this
industrial need, this article introduces a new approach to 3D transient thermal
analysis for additive manufacturing for 3D complex industrial structures with
freeform features in powder bed systems using laser heat source. Incorporating the
features of phase changes, porous media, and temperature-dependent thermal material
properties in COMSOL Multiphysics, the developed technique is able to simulate
instantaneous transient temperature fields in additive layer manufacturing of 3D
complex and freeform structures. Temperature model validations are performed on
titanium alloy with the experimental temperature measurements available in the
literature. It is observed that the predicted model simulation results agree well
with the experimental measurements.
C1 [Kundakcioglu, Erdem; Lazoglu, Ismail] Koc Univ, Mfg & Automat Res Ctr, TR-34450
Istanbul, Turkey.
[Rawal, Suraj] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Denver, CO 80201 USA.
RP Lazoglu, I (reprint author), Koc Univ, Mfg & Automat Res Ctr, TR-34450 Istanbul,
Turkey.
EM ilazoglu@ku.edu.tr
OI lazoglu, ismail/0000-0002-8316-9623
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NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 9
U2 79
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 1-4
BP 493
EP 501
DI 10.1007/s00170-015-7932-2
PG 9
GA DQ0FZ
UT WOS:000378875500044
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Stevenson, G
Rehman, S
Draper, E
Hernandez-Nava, E
Hunt, J
Haycock, JW
AF Stevenson, G.
Rehman, S.
Draper, E.
Hernandez-Nava, E.
Hunt, J.
Haycock, J. W.
TI Combining 3D human in vitro methods for a 3Rs evaluation of novel
titanium surfaces in orthopaedic applications
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; in vitro test; osteoblast; plasma spraying;
surface topography; titanium alloy
ID BIOACTIVE GLASS SCAFFOLD; HUMAN OSTEOBLASTS; HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS;
BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE; NODULE FORMATION; BONE INGROWTH; IMPLANTS; CELLS;
MINERALIZATION; ALLOY
AB In this study, we report on a group of complementary human osteoblast in vitro
test methods for the preclinical evaluation of 3D porous titanium surfaces. The
surfaces were prepared by additive manufacturing (electron beam melting [EBM]) and
plasma spraying, allowing the creation of complex lattice surface geometries.
Physical properties of the surfaces were characterized by SEM and profilometry and
3D in vitro cell culture using human osteoblasts. Primary human osteoblast cells
were found to elicit greater differences between titanium sample surfaces than an
MG63 osteoblast-like cell line, particularly in terms of cell survival. Surface
morphology was associated with higher osteoblast metabolic activity and
mineralization on rougher titanium plasma spray coated surfaces than smoother
surfaces. Differences in osteoblast survival and metabolic activity on titanium
lattice structures were also found, despite analogous surface morphology at the
cellular level. 3D confocal microscopy identified osteoblast organization within
complex titanium surface geometries, adhesion, spreading, and alignment to the
biomaterial strut geometries. Mineralized nodule formation throughout the lattice
structures was also observed, and indicative of early markers of bone in-growth on
such materials. Testing methods such as those presented are not traditionally
considered by medical device manufacturers, but we suggest have value as an
increasingly vital tool in efficiently translating pre-clinical studies, especially
in balance with current regulatory practice, commercial demands, the 3Rs, and the
relative merits of in vitro and in vivo studies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113:
1586-1599. (c) 2015 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by
Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Stevenson, G.; Rehman, S.; Draper, E.] JRI Orthopaed Ltd, Sheffield, S
Yorkshire, England.
[Hernandez-Nava, E.; Hunt, J.] Univ Sheffield, Mercury Ctr, Sheffield S3 7HQ, S
Yorkshire, England.
[Haycock, J. W.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S3 7HQ, S
Yorkshire, England.
RP Haycock, JW (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S3
7HQ, S Yorkshire, England.
EM j.w.haycock@sheffield.ac.uk
OI Hernandez-Nava, Everth/0000-0002-6414-3313
FU JRI Orthopaedics Ltd.; Innovate U.K.; EPSRC; BBSRC; Department of Health
through the Knowledge Transfer Partnership Scheme, U.K. [KTP008411]
FX Contract grant sponsor: JRI Orthopaedics Ltd.; Contract grant sponsor:
Innovate U.K. (formerly the Technology Strategy Board); Contract grant
sponsor: EPSRC; Contract grant sponsor: BBSRC; Contract grant sponsor:
Department of Health through the Knowledge Transfer Partnership Scheme,
U.K.; Contract grant number: KTP008411
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NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0006-3592
EI 1097-0290
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD JUL
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 7
BP 1586
EP 1599
DI 10.1002/bit.25919
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA DO1HA
UT WOS:000377527900021
PM 26702609
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
Lu, FG
Zhang, K
Nie, PL
Hosseini, SRE
Feng, K
Li, ZG
AF Chen, Yuan
Lu, Fenggui
Zhang, Ke
Nie, Pulin
Hosseini, Seyed Reza Elmi
Feng, Kai
Li, Zhuguo
TI Dendritic microstructure and hot cracking of laser additive manufactured
Inconel 718 under improved base cooling
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser cladding; Liquation cracking; Grain boundary misorientation; EBSD;
Solidification
ID STRAY GRAIN FORMATION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; SOLIDIFICATION CRACKING;
SUPERALLOY; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; DIAGRAM; ALLOYS
AB The base cooling effect was improved by imposing the continuous water flow on
the back of the substrate during the laser additive manufacturing of Inconel 718
(IN718). The dendritic microstructure, crystal orientation and hot cracking
behavior were studied by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. The
results showed that the crystal orientation was increased by increasing the base
cooling effect during the deposition. Also, highly ordered columnar dendrites were
established, and mono-crystalline texture was constructed in the final clad. It was
fund that the effect of solidification cracking on the properties of final clad was
negligible since it was only generated at the top region of the deposit, while
liquation cracking was produced and remained in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and
needed to be carefully controlled. The susceptibility to the liquation cracking
showed a high dependence on the grain boundary misorientation, which was considered
to be attributed to the stability of interdendritic liquation films, as well as the
magnitude of local stress concentration in the last stage of solidification. (C)
C1 [Chen, Yuan; Lu, Fenggui; Zhang, Ke; Nie, Pulin; Hosseini, Seyed Reza Elmi;
Feng, Kai; Li, Zhuguo] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai Key
Lab Mat Laser Proc & Modificat, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
RP Feng, K; Li, ZG (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Shanghai Key Lab Mat Laser Proc & Modificat, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM fengkai@sjtu.edu.cn; lizg@sjtu.edu.cn
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial funding of the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51171116). Thanks are
also due to analysis support, provided by Y.F. Gu, Instrumental Analysis
Center of SJTU.
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PI LAUSANNE
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EI 1873-4669
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JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD JUN 15
PY 2016
VL 670
BP 312
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PG 10
GA DG0OY
UT WOS:000371765800042
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Fang, ZZ
Sun, P
Zhang, TY
Xia, Y
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Sun, Pei
Zhang, Tuoyang
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Zhou, Chengshang
Huang, Zhe
TI Thermodynamic Destabilization of Ti-O Solid Solution by H-2 and
Deoxygenation of Ti Using Mg
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN SOLUBILITY; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; CHEMICAL PATHWAY; REDUCTION;
OXYGEN; CALCIUM; ALLOYS; VANADIUM; METAL
AB Reactive metals including Ti, Zr, Hf, and V, among others, have a strong
chemical affinity to oxygen, which makes them difficult to produce and costly to
use. It is especially challenging to produce pure or metal alloy powders of these
elements when "extremely low oxygen content is required, because they have high
solubility for oxygen, and the solid solution of these metals with oxygen is often
more stable thermodynamically than their oxides. We report a navel thermochemical
approach to destabilize Ti(O) solid solutions using hydrogen, thus enabling
deoxygenation of Ti powder using Mg, which has not been possible before because of
the thermodynamic stability of Ti(O) solid solutions relative to MgO. The :work on
Ti serves as an example for other reactive metals. Both analytical modeling and
experimental results show that hydrogen can indeed increase the oxygen potential of
Ti-O solid solution alloys; in other words, the stability of Ti-O solid solutions
is effectively decreased, thus increasing the thermodynamic driving force for Mg to
react with oxygen in Ti. Because hydrogen can be easily removed from Ti by a simple
heat treatment, it is used only as a temporary alloying element to destabilize the
Ti-O systems. The thermodynamic approach described here is a breakthrough and is
applicable to a range of different materials. This work is expected to provide an
enabling solution to overcome one of the key scientific and technological hurdles
to the additive manufacturing of metals, which is emerging rapidly as the future of
the manufacturing industry.
C1 [Zhang, Ying; Fang, Zhigang Zak; Sun, Pei; Zhang, Tuoyang; Xia, Yang; Zhou,
Chengshang; Huang, Zhe] Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
RP Zhang, Y; Fang, ZZ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Met Engn, Salt Lake City,
UT 84112 USA.; Zhang, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Beijing
EM skyying.zhang@utah.edu; zak.fang@utah.edu
FU Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) of the US Department
of Energy (DOE) [DE-AR0000420]
FX This work was financially supported by the Advanced Research Projects
Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) of the US Department of Energy (DOE) under
contract number DE-AR0000420.
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NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 22
PI WASHINGTON
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUN 8
PY 2016
VL 138
IS 22
BP 6916
EP 6919
DI 10.1021/jacs.6b00845
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA DO2XC
UT WOS:000377643300003
PM 27196140
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, RP
Xu, L
Zong, BY
Yang, R
AF Guo, R. P.
Xu, L.
Zong, B. Y.
Yang, R.
TI Preparation and ring rolling processing of large size Ti-6Al-4V powder
compact
LA English
DT Article
DE Hot working; Ring rolling; Powder metallurgy; Hot isostatic pressing;
Titanium alloy
ID HOT DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRAIN-RATE;
MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; METALLURGY TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
PLASTIC-FLOW; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATION; TI6AL4V
AB This study reports the feasibility to fabricate large size Ti-6Al-4V alloy parts
using the retained powder after screened out the finer powder for additive
manufacturing. Effects of powder size on the microstructure and mechanical
properties of powder compacts were studied. Effects of HIPing cycle on relative
density distribution of large size powder compact were also investigated. Hot
compression tests of as-HIPed powder compact were conducted. Prediction of
temperature field distribution of large size powder compact during ring rolling was
obtained though finite element method (FEM). The results showed that the powder
size has no obvious influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of
as-HIPed Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The homogeneous as-HIPed powder compact with large
dimensions can be produced through an optimized HIPing schedule. The optimized hot
working processing window from the isothermal compression tests is temperature at
940-970 degrees C and strain rate at 1-10s(-1). The hot workability of Ti-6Al-4V
powder compact is comparable or better than that of as-cast alloys. On the basis of
isothermal compression tests and FEM results, a large workpiece of Ti-6Al-4V powder
component has been successfully formed by ring rolling, and the mechanical
performance of ring-rolled powder compact have some improvements than that of as-
HIPed alloys. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, R. P.; Xu, L.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016,
Peoples R China.
[Guo, R. P.] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Zong, B. Y.] Northeastern Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Anisotropy & Texture Mat,
Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
RP Xu, L (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples
R China.
EM lxu@imr.ac.cn
OI Guo, Ruipeng/0000-0002-7195-7315
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1302272]; National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China [2013AA031606]
FX Authors would like to acknowledge the Project No. U1302272 by National
Natural Science Foundation of China and the Project No. 2013AA031606 by
National High Technology Research and Development Program of China, for
the financial support of this study.
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SN 0264-1275
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J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD JUN 5
PY 2016
VL 99
BP 341
EP 348
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.128
PG 8
GA DL0XU
UT WOS:000375356700038
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mulay, RP
Moore, JA
Florando, JN
Barton, NR
Kumar, M
AF Mulay, R. P.
Moore, J. A.
Florando, J. N.
Barton, N. R.
Kumar, M.
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V: Mill-annealed
versus direct metal laser melted alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron microscopy; Mechanical characterization; Orientation
relationships; Titanium alloys
ID TEXTURE; FABRICATION; BEHAVIOR; STEEL
AB Additive manufacturing processes such as direct metal laser melting (DMLM) are
known to produce highly anisotropic microstructures. The present work compares the
microstructure and mechanical properties of DMLM Ti-6Al-4V with that of mill-
annealed alloys. Results show that the yield and hardening response of DMLM Ti-6Al-
4V does not depend on the testing direction relative to the build direction, while
the response of mill-annealed Ti-6Al-4V strongly depends on the testing direction.
These results are discussed in light of the microstructure, texture, and
polycrystal plasticity modeling. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mulay, R. P.; Moore, J. A.; Florando, J. N.; Barton, N. R.; Kumar, M.] Lawrence
Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Mulay, RP (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550
USA.
EM mulay1@lini.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
[DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344. The authors would like to acknowledge Dennis Freeman
for carrying out the compression tests, and Jackson Go, Sharon Torres,
and Edwin Sedillo for EBSD sample preparation.
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DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.04.012
PG 5
GA DN8ES
UT WOS:000377312600007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, S
Li, SJ
Hou, WT
Hao, YL
Yang, R
Misra, RDK
AF Zhao, S.
Li, S. J.
Hou, W. T.
Hao, Y. L.
Yang, R.
Misra, R. D. K.
TI The influence of cell morphology on the compressive fatigue behavior of
Ti-6Al-4V meshes fabricated by electron beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting; Titanium alloys; Reticulated mesh; Compressive
fatigue behavior; Cell shape effect
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METALLIC BIOMATERIALS; ALUMINUM-ALLOYS;
TRABECULAR BONE; HEAT-TREATMENT; TITANIUM; POROSITY; TI6AL4V; SCAFFOLDS;
DEFECTS
AB Additive manufacturing technique is a promising approach for fabricating
cellular bone substitutes such as trabecular and cortical bones because of the
ability to adjust process parameters to fabricate different shapes and inner
structures. Considering the long term safe application in human body, the metallic
cellular implants are expected to exhibit superior fatigue property. The objective
of the study was to study the influence of cell shape on the compressive fatigue
behavior of Ti-6Al-4V mesh arrays fabricated by electron beam melting. The results
indicated that the underlying fatigue mechanism for the three kinds of meshes
(cubic, G7 and rhombic dodecahedron) is the interaction of cyclic ratcheting and
fatigue crack growth on the struts, which is closely related to cumulative effect
of buckling and bending deformation of the strut. By increasing the buckling
deformation on the struts through cell shape design, the cyclic ratcheting rate of
the meshes during cyclic deformation was decreased and accordingly, the compressive
fatigue strength was increased. With increasing bending deformation of struts,
fatigue crack growth in struts contributed more to the fatigue damage of meshes.
Rough surface and pores contained in the struts significantly deteriorated the
compressive fatigue strength of the struts. By optimizing the buckling and bending
deformation through cell shape design, Ti-6Al-4V alloy cellular solids with high
fatigue strength and low modulus can be fabricated by the EBM technique. (C) 2015
C1 [Zhao, S.; Li, S. J.; Hou, W. T.; Hao, Y. L.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst
Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
[Misra, R. D. K.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met Mat & Biomed Engn, 500W Univ Ave,
El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Li, SJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat
Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
EM shjli@imr.ac.cn
FU 863 Project [2015AA033702]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2012CB619103, 2012CB933901, 2012CB933902]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [51271182, 51271180]; University of Texas at El Paso
FX This study was supported partially by 863 Project (2015AA033702),
National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB619103, 2012CB933901 and
2012CB933902), and National Natural Science Foundation of China
(51271182 and 51271180). One of the authors (RDKM) gratefully
acknowledges support from the University of Texas at El Paso.
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NR 45
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 10
U2 48
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 59
BP 251
EP 264
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.01.034
PG 14
GA DM9NV
UT WOS:000376693900023
PM 26878293
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sing, SL
Yeong, WY
Wiria, FE
Tay, BY
AF Sing, S. L.
Yeong, W. Y.
Wiria, F. E.
Tay, B. Y.
TI Characterization of Titanium Lattice Structures Fabricated by Selective
Laser Melting Using an Adapted Compressive Test Method
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Rapid prototyping; Selective laser
melting; Titanium; Statistical analysis
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; C18400 COPPER ALLOY;
INTERFACIAL CHARACTERIZATION; DEFORMATION MECHANISMS; STRAIN RATES; SLM
PARTS; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; IMPLANTS
AB This paper investigates the effect of designs and process parameters on the
dimensional accuracy and compressive behavior of cellular lattice structures
fabricated using selective laser melting (SLM). Two unit cell types, square pyramid
and truncated cube & octahedron from the Computer Aided System for Tissue Scaffolds
(CASTS), an in-house developed library system were used. Powder adhesions occur on
the struts of the lattice structures. The thickness of powder adhesion on the
struts decreases with an increase in laser power or laser scan speed. The elastic
constant in compression of the lattice structures increases with an increase in
relative density, and ranged from 7.93 +/- 2.73 MPa to 7.36 +/- 0.26 GPa. Analysis
of Variance (ANOVA) is also carried out to determine the significance of various
process and design parameters on the dimensional accuracy and compressive strength
of the lattice structures. The processing parameters, such as laser power and laser
scan speed have no significant effect on the elastic constant but have a
significant effect on the powder adhesion on the struts, which in turn, affects the
dimensional accuracy. However, geometrical design parameters such as unit cell type
and strut diameter have significant effects on the elastic constant but not
dimensional accuracy of the lattice structures.
C1 [Sing, S. L.; Yeong, W. Y.; Wiria, F. E.; Tay, B. Y.] Nanyang Technol Univ,
SIMTech NTU Joint Lab, Addit Mfg 3D, HW3-01-01,65A Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637333,
Singapore.
[Sing, S. L.; Yeong, W. Y.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch
Mech & Aerosp Engn, HW1-01-05,2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372, Singapore.
[Wiria, F. E.; Tay, B. Y.] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 71 Nanyang Dr, Singapore
638075, Singapore.
RP Yeong, WY (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, SIMTech NTU Joint Lab, Addit
author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
HW1-01-05,2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372, Singapore.
EM sing0011@e.ntu.edu.sg; wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg;
florencia@simtech.a-star.edu.sg; bytay@simtech.a-star.edu.sg
RI Yeong, Wai Yee/G-2655-2013; Sing, Swee Leong/M-3270-2014
OI Yeong, Wai Yee/0000-0003-3640-0877; Sing, Swee Leong/0000-0002-3980-6605
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NR 36
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 11
U2 84
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0014-4851
EI 1741-2765
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 56
IS 5
BP 735
EP 748
DI 10.1007/s11340-015-0117-y
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
SC Materials Science; Mechanics
GA DL6DD
UT WOS:000375727600006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Baudana, G
Biamino, S
Kloden, B
Kirchner, A
Weissgarber, T
Kieback, B
Pavese, M
Ugues, D
Fino, P
Badini, C
AF Baudana, Giorgio
Biamino, Sara
Kloeden, Burghardt
Kirchner, Alexander
Weissgaerber, Thomas
Kieback, Bernd
Pavese, Matteo
Ugues, Daniele
Fino, Paolo
Badini, Claudio
TI Electron Beam Melting of Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si: Feasibility
investigation
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron Beam Melting; Titanium aluminide;
Turbocharger; Automotive
ID OXIDATION BEHAVIOR; TIAL ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; AIR
AB In this work, carried out within the European project TIALCHARGER, TiAl-based
powders of Ti-48Al-2Nb-0.7Cr-0.3Si, were used to fabricate specimens and prototypes
of hollow turbocharger turbines by Electron Beam Melting (EBM). This additive
manufacturing technology uses an electron beam to generate parts by selectively
melting the powders layer by layer according to CAD data. Components produced with
these powders were characterized in terms of residual defects and resulted
appropriate both in terms of overall residual porosity and maximum defect size.
Furthermore the microstructure of the as produced material was investigated and
heat treatments were set up in order to obtain the desired microstructure. This is
an essential point for these materials because their mechanical properties are
extremely sensitive to microstructure. Chemical composition of powders and massive
materials were analysed. Loss of Al was observed, while the levels of impurities
were very low and similar for both the powder and the part. Mechanical tests were
performed on the heat treated samples and the results are in well agreement with
literature data for this TiAl alloy for the desired automotive application. (C)
C1 [Baudana, Giorgio; Biamino, Sara; Pavese, Matteo; Ugues, Daniele; Fino, Paolo;
Badini, Claudio] Politecn Torino, DISAT Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso Duca Abruzzi
[Kloeden, Burghardt; Kirchner, Alexander; Weissgaerber, Thomas; Kieback, Bernd]
Fraunhofer Inst Mfg Technol & Adv Mat IFAM, Winterbergstr 28, D-01277 Dresden,
Germany.
RP Baudana, G (reprint author), Politecn Torino, DISAT Dept Appl Sci & Technol,
Corso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM giorgio.baudana@polito.it; sara.biamino@polito.it;
Burghardt.Kloeden@ifam-dd.fraunhofer.de;
alexander.kirchner@ifam-dd.fraunhofer.de;
thomas.weissgaerber@ifam-dd.fraunhofer.de; matteo.pavese@polito.it;
daniele.ugues@polito.it; paolo.fino@polito.it; claudio.badini@polito.it
OI Fino, Paolo/0000-0002-7248-8039
FU European Union's Seventh Framework Programme; [FP7-SME-2012-315226]
European Union's Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA-Research
Executive Agency http://ec.europa.eu/rea (FP7/2007-2013) under grant
agreement no FP7-SME-2012-315226.
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NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 9
U2 57
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 73
BP 43
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2016.03.001
PG 7
GA DL7LS
UT WOS:000375822800008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Akerfeldt, P
Pederson, R
Antti, ML
AF Akerfeldt, Pia
Pederson, Robert
Antti, Marta-Lena
TI A fractographic study exploring the relationship between the low cycle
fatigue and metallurgical properties of laser metal wire deposited
Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Defects; Fatigue initiation; Fractography; Low cycle fatigue; Titanium
alloys
ID MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGIES;
FABRICATION
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) has achieved large attention within the aerospace
industry mainly because of the possibility to lower the material and the
manufacturing cost. For titanium alloys several AM techniques are available today.
In the present paper, the focus has been on laser metal wire-deposition of Ti-6Al-
4V. Walls were built and low cycle fatigue specimens were cut out in two
orientations with respect to the deposition direction. An extensive fractographic
evaluation was carried out after testing and the results indicated anisotropic
behaviour at low strain ranges. Defects such as pores and lack of fusion (LoF) were
observed and related to the fatigue life and specimen orientation. The LoF defects
are regarded to have the most detrimental influence on the fatigue life, whilst the
effect of pores was not as straightforward. Noteworthy in present study is that one
large LoF defect did not influence the fatigue life, which is explained by the
prevalence of the LoF defect in relation to the loading direction. (C) 2016
C1 [Akerfeldt, Pia; Pederson, Robert; Antti, Marta-Lena] Lulea Univ Technol, Div
Mat Sci, S-97181 Lulea, Sweden.
RP Akerfeldt, P (reprint author), Lulea Univ Technol, Div Mat Sci, S-97181 Lulea,
Sweden.
EM pia.akerfeldt@ltu.se
OI Pederson, Robert/0000-0002-7675-7152
FU Graduate School of Space Technology; NFFP (the National Aviation
Engineering Research Programme)
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Graduate School of Space
Technology for supporting and encouraging the project. The authors are
also grateful for the financial support from NFFP (the National Aviation
Engineering Research Programme).
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Sabau AS., 2004, JOM, P54
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 87
BP 245
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.02.011
PG 12
GA DK0PY
UT WOS:000374615900026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Vaithilingam, J
Goodridge, RD
Hague, RJM
Christie, SDR
Edmondson, S
AF Vaithilingam, Jayasheelan
Goodridge, Ruth D.
Hague, Richard J. M.
Christie, Steven D. R.
Edmondson, Steve
TI The effect of laser remelting on the surface chemistry of Ti6al4V
components fabricated by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D-printing; Selective laser melting; Ti6Al4V;
Surface remelting; Surface chemistry
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; METALS; PARTS; FILMS; XPS
AB Surface remelting/skin scanning of components is generally performed during the
selective laser melting (SLM) process to improve the surface quality of a part.
However, the chemical effects of surface remelting are not well understood. In this
study, cuboidal parts fabricated with and without laser remelting were
characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface profilometry and X-
ray photoelectron spectrophotometry (XPS). The SEM images showed a low-amplitude
undulating pattern was observed on both surfaces. The surface chemistries of the
surface remelted/skin scanned (SK) and non-surface remelted/non-skin scanned (NSK)
samples were observed to significantly differ in their elemental composition. The
thickness of the surface oxide layer of the SK surface was double that of the NSK
surface. Also, the contribution of the major alloying elements, including titanium
and aluminium, on the surface oxide layer varied for both NSK and SK surfaces. The
surface chemistry of the NSK and SK surface was significantly different to a
conventionally forged (CF) Ti6Al4V surface. The rate of decrease of oxide with
depth was in the order of CF > NSK > SK. Although surface remelting is useful in
rendering improved surface quality, its impact on surface chemistry should be
carefully considered. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Vaithilingam, Jayasheelan; Goodridge, Ruth D.; Hague, Richard J. M.] Univ
Nottingham, Sch Engn, Addit Mfg & 3D Printing Res Grp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Christie, Steven D. R.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Chem, Loughborough LE11 3TU,
Leics, England.
[Edmondson, Steve] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
RP Vaithilingam, J (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Engn, Addit Mfg & 3D
Printing Res Grp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM Jayasheelan.Vaithilingam@nottingham.ac.uk
RI Christie, Steven/A-5389-2010
OI Christie, Steven/0000-0002-6756-499X; Vaithilingam,
Jayasheelan/0000-0002-5501-5344
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC; UK)
[EP/I033335/2]
FX This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council (EPSRC; UK) under grant EP/I033335/2.
CR Airbaey K., 2014, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V23, P2139
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NR 24
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 145
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JUN
PY 2016
VL 232
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.01.022
PG 8
Multidisciplinary
GA DH1QR
UT WOS:000372560500001
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Amendola, A
Smith, CJ
Goodall, R
Auricchio, F
Feo, L
Benzoni, G
Fraternali, F
AF Amendola, A.
Smith, C. J.
Goodall, R.
Auricchio, F.
Feo, L.
Benzoni, G.
Fraternali, F.
TI Experimental response of additively manufactured metallic pentamode
materials confined between stiffening plates
LA English
DT Article
DE Pentamode lattices; Additive manufacturing; Effective elastic moduli;
Inelastic response
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; METAMATERIALS; ISOLATORS
AB An experimental investigation on the mechanical response of confined pentamode
lattices in the elastic and post-yield regimes is presented. An Electron Beam
Melting facility is employed to additively manufacture pentamode lattices confined
by terminal plates in a titanium alloy. The given experimental results show that
the geometry of the microstructure, and the macroscopic aspect ratio of the
confined lattices strongly influence the lateral and vertical stiffness properties
of the structure. The post-elastic response of the analyzed materials features
acceptable energy dissipation capacity. The presented results highlight several
analogies between the mechanical response of confined pentamode lattices and that
of elastomeric bearings. formed by soft rubber pads and stiffening steel or fiber-
reinforced composite layers. They pave the way to future studies on the use of
pentamode materials for the fabrication of innovative seismic isolation devices
and/or shear-wave band gap systems. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Amendola, A.; Feo, L.; Fraternali, F.] Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, Via
Giovanni Paolo 2 132, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
[Smith, C. J.; Goodall, R.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Mappin St,
Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
[Auricchio, F.] Univ Pavia, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Via Ferrata 3, I-
27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Benzoni, G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Struct Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM adaamendola1@unisa.it; chrisjsmith@sheffield.ac.uk;
r.goodall@sheffield.ac.uk; auricchio@unipv.it; I.feo@unisa.it;
gbenzoni@ucsd.edu; f.fraternali@unisa.it
RI Feo, Luciano/L-9750-2016; Auricchio, Ferdinando/B-9405-2009; Fraternali,
Fernando/A-4237-2018; Amendola, Ada/H-6561-2017
OI Feo, Luciano/0000-0002-3180-7478; Auricchio,
Ferdinando/0000-0002-3735-2400; Fraternali,
Fernando/0000-0002-7549-6405; Amendola, Ada/0000-0002-2562-881X
FU Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Italy-USA Scientific and
Technological Cooperation [PGR00173/2015]
FX Support for this work was received from the Italian Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, Grant no. PGR00173/2015, Italy-USA Scientific and Technological
Cooperation 2015.
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European committee for standardization, 2009, 15129 EN EUR COMM ST
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NR 26
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-8223
EI 1879-1085
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD MAY 10
PY 2016
VL 142
BP 254
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.01.091
PG 9
GA DH3MO
UT WOS:000372691300023
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Q.
Chen, J.
Tan, H.
Lin, X.
Huang, W. D.
TI Influence of solution treatment on microstructure evolution of TC21
titanium alloy with near equiaxed beta grains fabricated by laser
additive manufacture
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacture; Solution treatment; Near equiaxed grains;
Microstructure evolution; Titanium alloy
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; VARIANT SELECTION; TEXTURE ANALYSIS;
BOUNDARY-ALPHA; TI-6AL-4V; DEPOSITION; COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR
AB Laser additive manufacture (LAM) is a novel technique in which metal components
can be fabricated layer by layer. In this paper, the effects of solution
temperature and cooling rate on microstructure evolution of the LAMed TC21 titanium
alloy which containing near equiaxed prior alpha grains were studied. The LAMed and
solution treated samples were investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning
election microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The results indicate that
both the alpha phase volume fraction and alpha laths width are affected by the
solution temperature and cooling rate. Different microstructure characterization
leads to different Vickers hardness values. However, the solution temperatures
selected in this study have insignificant effects on the beta and alpha phase
texture. The near equiaxed prior beta grains exhibits much weaker texture intensity
than the typical columnar prior beta grains. The comparison of the calculated and
measured alpha phase texture indicates that variant selection occurred during the
solution treatment. The martensite alpha' phase precipitated during the layer by
layer process shows weak variant selection tendency. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Q.; Chen, J.; Tan, H.; Lin, X.; Huang, W. D.] Northwestern Polytech
Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51105311, 51323008,
51271213]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[3102015BJ(II)ZS013]
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant No. 51105311, Grant No.51323008 and Grant No.51271213) and
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No.
3102015BJ(II)ZS013).
0397-x
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Zhao Y., 2010, MAT CHINA, V29, P1
NR 31
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 72
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAY 5
PY 2016
VL 666
BP 380
EP 386
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.065
PG 7
GA DD0AD
UT WOS:000369581800053
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shah, FA
Omar, O
Suska, F
Snis, A
Matic, A
Emanuelsson, L
Norlindh, B
Lausmaa, J
Thomsen, P
Palmquist, A
AF Shah, Furqan A.
Omar, Omar
Suska, Felicia
Snis, Anders
Matic, Aleksandar
Emanuelsson, Lena
Norlindh, Birgitta
Lausmaa, Jukka
Thomsen, Peter
Palmquist, Anders
TI Long-term osseointegration of 3D printed CoCr constructs with an
interconnected open-pore architecture prepared by electron beam melting
SO ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting;
Osseointegration; Alloy; Cobalt chromium; Titanium
ID BONE-IMPLANT INTERFACE; TITANIUM IMPLANTS; METALLIC IMPLANTS; INGROWTH;
RABBIT; SURFACE; ALLOYS; WEAR; BIOMATERIALS; REPLACEMENT
AB In orthopaedic surgery, cobalt chromium (CoCr) based alloys are used extensively
for their high strength and wear properties, but with concerns over stress
shielding and bone resorption due to the high stiffness of CoCr. The structural
stiffness, principally related to the bulk and the elastic modulus of the material,
may be lowered by appropriate design modifications, to reduce the stiffness
mismatch between metal/alloy implants and the adjacent bone. Here, 3D printed CoCr
and Ti6Al4V implants of similar macro geometry and interconnected open-pore
architecture prepared by electron beam melting (EBM) were evaluated following 26
week implantation in adult sheep femora. Despite higher total bone-implant contact
for Ti6Al4V (39 +/- 4%) than CoCr (27 +/- 4%), bone formation patterns were
similar, e.g., densification around the implant, and gradual ingrowth into the
porous network, with more bone in the outer half (periphery) than the inner half
(centre). Raman spectroscopy revealed no major differences in mineral
crystallinity, the apatite-to-collagen ratio, or the carbonate-to-phosphate ratio.
Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed similar Ca/P ratio of the interfacial
tissue adjacent to both materials. Osteocytes made direct contact with CoCr and
Ti6Al4V. While osteocyte density and distribution in the new formed bone were
largely similar for the two alloys, higher osteocyte density was observed at the
periphery of the porous network for CoCr, attributable to slower remodelling and a
different biomechanical environment. The results demonstrate the possibility to
achieve bone ingrowth into open-pore CoCr constructs, and attest to the potential
for fabricating customised osseointegrated CoCr implants for load-bearing
applications.
Statement of Significance
Although cobalt chromium (CoCr) based alloys are used extensively in orthopaedic
surgery, stress shielding due to the high stiffness of CoCr is of concern. To
reduce the stiffness mismatch between CoCr and bone, CoCr and Ti6Al4V implants
having an interconnected open-pore architecture were prepared by electron beam
melting (EBM). After six months of submerged healing in sheep, both alloys showed
similar patterns of bone formation, with densification around the implant and
gradual ingrowth into the porous network. The molecular and elemental composition
of the interfacial tissue was similar for both alloys. Osteocytes made direct
contact with both alloys, with similar overall osteocyte density and distribution.
The work attests to the potential for achieving osseointegration of EBM
manufactured porous CoCr implants. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by
C1 [Shah, Furqan A.; Omar, Omar; Suska, Felicia; Emanuelsson, Lena; Norlindh,
Birgitta; Thomsen, Peter; Palmquist, Anders] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad,
Dept Biomat, Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Shah, Furqan A.; Omar, Omar; Suska, Felicia; Snis, Anders; Emanuelsson, Lena;
Norlindh, Birgitta; Lausmaa, Jukka; Thomsen, Peter; Palmquist, Anders] BIOMATCELL
VINN Excellence Ctr Biomat & Cell Ther, Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Snis, Anders] Arcam AB, Molndal, Sweden.
[Matic, Aleksandar] Chalmers, Dept Appl Phys, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Lausmaa, Jukka] SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, Dept Chem Mat & Surfaces, Boras,
Sweden.
RP Shah, FA (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Biomat,
Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM furqan.ali.shah@biomaterials.gu.se
RI Matic, Aleksandar/B-1376-2013; Palmquist, Anders/D-2171-2014; Omar,
Omar/I-2126-2017
OI Matic, Aleksandar/0000-0003-4414-9504; Omar, Omar/0000-0002-2610-1294;
Shah, Furqan Ali/0000-0002-9876-0467; Thomsen, Peter/0000-0003-3910-6665
FU Swedish Research Council [K2015-52X-09495-28-4]; BIOMATCELL VINN
Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy; Region Vastra
Gotaland; ALF/LUA grant; IngaBritt and Arne Lundberg Foundation; Dr.
Felix Neubergh Foundation; Promobilia; Hjalmar Svensson Foundation;
Materials Science Area of Advance at Chalmers; Department of
Biomaterials, University of Gothenburg
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Ezio Zanghellini at the Department
of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology for the kind
assistance with Raman spectroscopy. This study was supported by the
Swedish Research Council (grant K2015-52X-09495-28-4), the BIOMATCELL
VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, the Region
Vastra Gotaland, an ALF/LUA grant, the IngaBritt and Arne Lundberg
Foundation, the Dr. Felix Neubergh Foundation, Promobilia, the Hjalmar
Svensson Foundation, and the Materials Science Area of Advance at
Chalmers and the Department of Biomaterials, University of Gothenburg.
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NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 12
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1742-7061
EI 1878-7568
J9 ACTA BIOMATER
JI Acta Biomater.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 36
BP 296
EP 309
DI 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.033
PG 14
GA DL8JJ
UT WOS:000375888000026
PM 27000553
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Vastola, G
Zhang, G
Pei, QX
Zhang, YW
AF Vastola, G.
Zhang, G.
Pei, Q. X.
Zhang, Y. -W.
TI Modeling the Microstructure Evolution During Additive Manufacturing of
Ti6Al4V: A Comparison Between Electron Beam Melting and Selective Laser
Melting
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA+BETA TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY;
HEAT-TREATMENT; DEFORMATION; THICKNESS
AB Beam-based additive manufacturing (AM) is an innovative technique in which parts
are built layerwise, starting from the material in powder form. As a developing
manufacturing technique, achievement of excellent mechanical properties in the
final part is of paramount importance for the mainstream adoption of this technique
in industrial manufacturing lines. At the same time, AM offers an unprecedented
opportunity to precisely control the manufacturing conditions locally within the
part during build, enabling local influence on the formation of the texture and
microstructure. In order to achieve the control of microstructure by tailoring the
AM machine parameters, a full understanding and modeling of the heat transfer and
microstructure evolution processes is needed. Here, we show the implementation of
the non-equilibrium equations for phase formation and dissolution in an AM modeling
framework. The model is developed for the Ti6Al4V alloy and allows us to show
microstructure evolution as given by the AM process. The developed capability is
applied to the cases of electron beam melting and selective laser melting AM
techniques to explain the significantly different microstructures observed in the
two processes.
C1 [Vastola, G.; Zhang, G.; Pei, Q. X.; Zhang, Y. -W.] A STAR Inst High Performance
Comp, 1 Fusionopolis Way 16-16, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
RP Zhang, G; Pei, QX (reprint author), A STAR Inst High Performance Comp, 1
Fusionopolis Way 16-16, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
EM zhangg@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg; peiqx@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
RI Vastola, Guglielmo/T-5050-2017
OI Zhang, Yong-Wei/0000-0001-7255-1678; Pei,
Qing-Xiang/0000-0001-8711-2854; Vastola, Guglielmo/0000-0003-2101-6178
FU Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore through the
Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program [132 550 4103, 132 550 4106]
FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with Dr. W. Pan and S.M.L.
Nai at A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech),
and X. Tan and Prof. S.B. Tor at Nanyang Technological University. This
work was supported by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research of
Singapore through the Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program (Grants
132 550 4103 and 132 550 4106).
5093(97)00802-2
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Gil FJ, 2003, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V349, P150, DOI 10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00784-
0
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0300-0
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Vastola G., 2015, ADDIT MANUF IN PRESS, V7, P57, DOI DOI
10.1016/J.ADDMA.2014.12.004
Zah MF, 2010, PROD ENG-RES DEV, V4, P15, DOI 10.1007/s11740-009-0197-6
Zherebtsov S, 2011, ACTA MATER, V59, P4138, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.03.037
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 78
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 5
BP 1370
EP 1375
DI 10.1007/s11837-016-1890-5
PG 6
GA DJ6VQ
UT WOS:000374351700016
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Brueckner, F
Seidel, A
Straubel, A
Willner, R
Leyens, C
Beyer, E
AF Brueckner, Frank
Seidel, Andre
Straubel, Ariane
Willner, Robin
Leyens, Christoph
Beyer, Eckhard
TI Laser-based manufacturing of components using materials with high
cracking susceptibility
LA English
CT 34th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics
(ICALEO)
CY OCT 18-22, 2015
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Laser Inst Amer
DE laser additive manufacturing; laser metal deposition; hot and cold
cracking; Ni-based superalloys; titanium aluminides; process control;
induction; crack prevention
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Laser metal deposition has been already introduced in various industrial
branches, as aviation, energy, medical technology, or tooling. Depending on process
conditions of the specific application, powder, wire, or even strips can be used as
filler material to coat, and to refurbish as well as to manufacture parts and
functional components. Independent from the chosen type of filler material, the
deposition has to be in line with specific requirements such as the allowed
appearance of porosity, delamination, dilution, or cracking. The latter often
becomes rather challenging due to high thermal gradients caused by typical laser-
related high energy densities. Relief can be found by hybrid processing as well as
suited process regimes yielding in suitable tailored temperature states and crack-
free material deposition. Within this paper, such tailored solutions for the
manufacturing and processing of materials with a high hot and cold cracking
susceptibility such as nickel-based superalloys and alloys based on titanium
aluminides are presented. Critical impacts like heating and cooling based on the
analysis of melt pool flow and the morphology of solidification are considered. The
authors present possibilities to influence, control, and monitor the process. The
mechanical properties of corresponding additive manufactured demonstrators will be
validated on the basis of destructive and nondestructive testing. (C) 2016 Laser
C1 [Brueckner, Frank; Seidel, Andre; Willner, Robin; Leyens, Christoph; Beyer,
Eckhard] Fraunhofer Inst Mat & Beam Technol Dresden, Winterbergstr 28, D-01277
Dresden, Germany.
[Seidel, Andre; Straubel, Ariane; Leyens, Christoph; Beyer, Eckhard] Tech Univ
Dresden, Helmholtzstr 7, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
RP Brueckner, F (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Mat & Beam Technol Dresden,
Winterbergstr 28, D-01277 Dresden, Germany.
RI Leyens, Christoph/J-8781-2017
OI Leyens, Christoph/0000-0002-1885-9054
CR Bolz S, 2015, INTERMETALLICS, V58, P71, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2014.11.008
Bruckner F., 2015, LASER TECH J, V12, P28
Gunderson Al., 2007, AEROSPACE STRUCTURAL, V6
Kurz W.W., 2005, FUNDAMENTALS SOLIDIF
Peters M., 2002, TITAN TITAN LEGIERUN
Schwaighofer E, 2012, PRAKT METALLOGR-PR M, V49, P124, DOI 10.3139/147.110142
Schwaighofer E, 2014, INTERMETALLICS, V44, P128, DOI
10.1016/j.intermet.2013.09.010
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 26
PI MELVILLE
SN 1042-346X
EI 1938-1387
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 2
AR 022305
DI 10.2351/1.4943902
PG 7
GA DJ4HG
UT WOS:000374165400025
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhong, CL
Gasser, A
Kittel, J
Fu, JB
Ding, YL
Poprawe, R
AF Zhong, Chongliang
Gasser, Andres
Kittel, Jochen
Fu, Jinbao
Ding, Yalin
Poprawe, Reinhart
TI Microstructures and tensile properties of Inconel 718 formed by high
deposition-rate laser metal deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE laser metal deposition; Inconel 718; high deposition-rate LMD;
microstructures; tensile properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY; SUPERALLOY; STEEL; IN718; WELDS
AB The aim of this study is to characterize microstructures and tensile properties
of Inconel 718 (IN718) formed by high deposition-rate laser metal deposition (LMD),
and furthermore to verify that the properties of the material are equivalent to
those obtained by conventional manufacturing processes, such as casting and
forging, and therefore satisfy the specifications for industrial applications.
Initially, the powdery additive was characterized in terms of chemical composition,
morphology, and porosity. Afterward, blocks for producing tensile specimens were
deposited by applying the newly developed high deposition-rate LMD process that has
a deposition rate of approximately 2 kg/h. Finally, microstructures and tensile
properties of directly deposited and heat-treated material were analyzed,
respectively. From the results, precipitation of an irregular shaped phase, which
is believed to be Laves phase, and segregation of Nb and Mo were found at
interdendritic regions of the directly deposited material. The directly deposited
material exhibited relative low tensile strength and 0.2% yield strength but high
elongation. Moreover, due to recrystallization that occurred in heat treatment,
columnar grains in the directly deposited material transformed to equiaxed grains.
By heat treatment, Laves phase was dissolved, and three extra phases, which are
believed to be d phase, strength phases gamma' and gamma'', were precipitated.
After heat treatment, tensile strength and 0.2% yield strength of the material were
significantly enhanced, whereas the plastic elongation decreased by approximately
38%. In comparison to conventional manufacturing technology, the heat-treated IN718
presented superior tensile strength, 0.2% yield strength, and plastic elongation to
aerospace material specifications for casted and wrought IN718. (C) 2016 Laser
C1 [Zhong, Chongliang; Gasser, Andres; Kittel, Jochen; Poprawe, Reinhart]
Fraunhofer Inst Laser Technol ILT, Steinbachstr 15, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Fu, Jinbao] Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Opt Fine Mech & Phys, Dong Nanhu
Rd 3888, Changchun 130033, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[Ding, Yalin] Chinese Acad Sci, Changchun Inst Opt Fine Mech & Phys, Dong Nanhu
Rd 3888, Changchun 100049, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[Ding, Yalin] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, 19A Yuquan Rd, Beijing 100049, Peoples R
China.
[Poprawe, Reinhart] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Chair Laser Technol, D-52074
Aachen, Germany.
RP Zhong, CL (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Laser Technol ILT, Steinbachstr 15,
D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
EM chongliang.zhong@gmail.com; andres.gasser@ilt.fraunhofer.de;
fujinbao@ciomp.ac.cn; dingyalin@ciomp.ac.cn;
reinhart.poprawe@ilt.fraunhofer.de
FU European Commission in the AMAZE Project (Additive Manufacturing Aiming
toward Zero Waste & Efficient Production of High-Tech Metal Products)
[313781]
FX This work was supported by the European Commission in the AMAZE Project
(Additive Manufacturing Aiming toward Zero Waste & Efficient Production
of High-Tech Metal Products) [Grant No. 313781].
CR Azadian S, 2004, MATER CHARACT, V53, P7, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.07.004
Azadian S., 2001, SUPERALLOYS, V718, P617
Baufeld B, 2012, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V21, P1416, DOI 10.1007/s11665-011-0009-y
Bhattacharya S, 2011, J ALLOY COMPD, V509, P6364, DOI
10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.03.091
Bi G, 2013, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V213, P463, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.10.006
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.05.005
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Chang K., 1989, SUPERALLOY 718 METAL, P631
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OBLAK JM, 1974, METALL TRANS, V5, P143
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Paulonis D. F., 2001, SUPERALLOYS, V718, P13, DOI DOI 10.7449/2001/
Pinkerton AJ, 2015, J LASER APPL, V27, DOI 10.2351/1.4815992
Ram GDJ, 2005, MATER SCI TECH-LOND, V21, P1132, DOI [10.1179/174328405X62260,
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X
[Anonymous], 1989, PHYS METALLURGY CAST, V718
[Anonymous], 1989, MICROSTRUCTURAL CHAR
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 59
PI MELVILLE
SN 1042-346X
EI 1938-1387
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 28
IS 2
AR 022010
DI 10.2351/1.4943290
PG 8
GA DJ4HG
UT WOS:000374165400010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sridharan, N
Wolcott, P
Dapino, M
Babu, SS
AF Sridharan, Niyanth
Wolcott, Paul
Dapino, Marcelo
Babu, S. S.
TI Microstructure and texture evolution in aluminum and commercially pure
titanium dissimilar welds fabricated using ultrasonic additive
manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE UAM; Dissimilar metal weld; EBSD; Texture
ID PROCESS PARAMETERS; AL-ALLOY; CONSOLIDATION; RECRYSTALLIZATION
AB Ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) is a solid-state hybrid manufacturing
technique. In this work characterization using electron back scatter diffraction
was performed on aluminum-titanium dissimilar metal welds made using a 9 kW
ultrasonic additive manufacturing system. The results showed that the aluminum
texture at the interface after ultrasonic additive manufacturing is similar to
aluminum texture observed during accumulative roll bonding of aluminum alloys. It
is finally concluded that the underlying mechanism of bond formation in ultrasonic
additive manufacturing primarily relies on severe shear deformation at the
interface. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sridharan, Niyanth; Babu, S. S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed
Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Wolcott, Paul; Dapino, Marcelo] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn,
Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Sridharan, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn,
Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM niyanth.sridharan@gmail.com
FU Israeli Ministry of Defense (IMOD) [1000309377]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Israeli Ministry of Defense
(IMOD) under contract number 1000309377. The authors would like to thank
Mark Norfolk of Fabrisonic LLC for providing technical support.
CR Dehoff RR, 2010, ACTA MATER, V58, P4305, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2010.03.006
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Truog A.G., 2012, BOND IMPROVEMENT AI
Wolcott P., 2015, SCI TECHNOL WELD JOI
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 15
U2 98
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD MAY
PY 2016
VL 117
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.02.013
PG 5
GA DI5OC
UT WOS:000373547500001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ran, XZ
Liu, D
Li, A
Wang, HM
Tang, HB
Cheng, X
AF Ran, Xianzhe
Liu, Dong
Li, An
Wang, Huaming
Tang, Haibo
Cheng, Xu
TI Microstructure characterization and mechanical behavior of laser
additive manufactured ultrahigh-strength AerMet100 steel
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser melting deposition; Laser additive manufacturing; AerMet100 steel;
Microstructure; Mechanical behavior
ID NET SHAPING PROCESS; LOW-ALLOY STEEL; HEAT-TREATMENT; MELTING
DEPOSITION; THERMAL-BEHAVIOR; TITANIUM-ALLOY; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS;
AERMET-100 STEEL; STAINLESS-STEEL; LENS PROCESS
AB Ultrahigh-strength AerMet100 steel thick plate was fabricated by laser additive
manufacturing process. The as-deposited microstructures of the test steel were
characterized using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical
properties were then examined using vickers-hardness test and tensile test. Results
indicate that the as-deposited microstructures of the steel mainly consist of grain
boundary allotriomorphic ferrite (GBA), grain interior irregular proeutectoid
ferrite, plate-like upper bainite, needle like lower bainite and retained
austenite, which result in a good strength and some ductility anisotropy. The low
deformation compatibility of specimen at the transverse direction (perpendicular to
the deposition direction) mainly ascribes to the poor cracking resistance of the
prior-austenite columnar grain boundary with coarse GBA phases. Compared to the
almost intergranular cracking taken place in the transverse tensile specimen, the
fracture mode of the longitudinal tensile specimen is a mixed mode of the
predominant transgranular cracking and minor intergranular cracking. (C) 2016
C1 [Ran, Xianzhe; Liu, Dong; Li, An; Wang, Huaming; Tang, Haibo] Natl Engn Lab
Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Dong; Li, An; Wang, Huaming; Tang, Haibo] Minist Educ Laser Direct Mfg
Large Metall Compone, Engn Res Ctr, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Ran, Xianzhe; Liu, Dong; Li, An; Wang, Huaming; Tang, Haibo; Cheng, Xu] Beihang
Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Li, A (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd, Beijing
EM li_an@buaa.edu.cn
FU Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project [D141100003914001]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the
Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (Grant no.
D141100003914001).
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NR 37
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 8
U2 46
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD APR 29
PY 2016
VL 663
BP 69
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.03.051
PG 9
GA DL2XW
UT WOS:000375499500010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, M
Baxter, GJ
Todd, I
AF Thomas, Meurig
Baxter, Gavin J.
Todd, Iain
TI Normalised model-based processing diagrams for additive layer
manufacture of engineering alloys
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive layer manufacture; Processing diagrams; Microstructure;
Titanium alloys; Mechanical properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; HOT-WORKING; MICROSTRUCTURE;
TITANIUM; SUPERALLOYS; FLOW; TECHNOLOGY; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION
AB Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) is becoming a more widely accepted method for
the production of near net-shape products across a range of industries and alloys.
Depending on the end application, a level of process substantiation is required for
new parts or alloys. Prior knowledge of the likely process parameter ranges that
will provide a target region for the process integrity can save valuable time and
resource during initial ALM trials. In this paper, the parameters used during the
powder bed ALM process have been taken from the literature and the present study to
construct normalised process maps for the ALM process by building on an approach
taken by Ion et al. in the early 1990's (J.C. Ion, H.R. Shercliff, M.F. Ashby, Acta
Metallurgica et Materialia 40 (1992) 1539-1551). These process maps present
isopleths of normalised equivalent energy density (E-0*) and are designed to
provide a practical framework for comparing a range of ALM platforms, alloys and
process parameters and provide a priori information on microstructure. The diagrams
provide a useful reference and methodology to aid in the selection of appropriate
processing parameters during the early development stages. This paper also applies
the methodology to worked examples of Ti-6Al-4V depositions processed using
different Electron Beam Melting parameters. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published
by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Thomas, Meurig; Todd, Iain] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1
[Baxter, Gavin J.] Rolls Royce PLC, Derby DE24 8BJ, England.
RP Thomas, M (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sheffield S1
EM Meurig.thomas@sheffield.ac.uk
OI Todd, Iain/0000-0003-0217-1658
FU SAMULET II 10.4 programme [EP/H500383/1, EP/H022309/1]
FX The current research was funded under the SAMULET II 10.4 programme
(grants EP/H500383/1 and EP/H022309/1). The provision of materials and
supporting information from Rolls-Royce plc is gratefully acknowledged
by the authors together with the assistance provided by F. Derguti for
specimen manufacture.
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NR 45
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Z9 8
U1 3
U2 36
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EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 108
BP 26
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.025
PG 10
Engineering
GA DJ2YZ
UT WOS:000374072700004
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, BE
Otis, RA
Borgonia, JP
Suh, JO
Dillon, RP
Shapiro, AA
Hofmann, DC
Liu, ZK
Beese, AM
AF Carroll, Beth E.
Otis, Richard A.
Borgonia, John Paul
Suh, Jong-ook
Dillon, R. Peter
Shapiro, Andrew A.
Hofmann, Douglas C.
Liu, Zi-Kui
Beese, Allison M.
TI Functionally graded material of 304L stainless steel and inconel 625
fabricated by directed energy deposition: Characterization and
thermodynamic modeling
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Functionally graded material; Thermodynamic
modeling; Laser deposition; Microstructure
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRUCTURAL MATERIAL; TITANIUM-VANADIUM; LASER;
ALLOYS; BEAM; COMPOSITES; PARTS
AB Many engineering applications, particularly in extreme environments, require
components with properties that vary with location in the part. Functionally graded
materials (FGMs), which possess gradients in properties such as hardness or
density, are a potential solution to address these requirements. The laser-based
additive manufacturing process of directed energy deposition (DED) can be used to
fabricate metallic parts with a gradient in composition by adjusting the volume
fraction of metallic powders delivered to the melt pool as a function of position.
As this is a fusion process, secondary phases may develop in the gradient zone
during solidification that can result in undesirable properties in the part. This
work describes experimental and thermodynamic studies of a component built from
304L stainless steel incrementally graded to Inconel 625. The microstructure,
chemistry, phase composition, and microhardness as a function of position were
characterized by microscopy, energy dispersive spectros-copy, X-ray diffraction,
and microindentation. Particles of secondary phases were found in small amounts
within cracks in the gradient zone. These were ascertained to consist of transition
metal carbides by experimental results and thermodynamic calculations. The study
provides a combined experimental and thermodynamic computational modeling approach
toward the fabrication and evaluation of a functionally graded material made by DED
additive manufacturing. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Carroll, Beth E.; Otis, Richard A.; Liu, Zi-Kui; Beese, Allison M.] Penn State
Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Borgonia, John Paul; Suh, Jong-ook; Dillon, R. Peter; Shapiro, Andrew A.;
Hofmann, Douglas C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109
USA.
PA 16802 USA.
EM amb961@psu.edu
RI Liu, Zi-Kui/A-8196-2009
OI Liu, Zi-Kui/0000-0003-3346-3696; Otis, Richard/0000-0002-1147-9032;
Beese, Allison/0000-0002-7022-3387
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1402978]; NASA Space Technology
Research Fellowship [NNX14AL43H]
National Science Foundation. R.A.O. received funding from a NASA Space
Technology Research Fellowship under grant NNX14AL43H. We also
acknowledge technical assistance from Ashley Reichardt with preliminary
thermodynamic calculations. Part of this research was carried out at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
10.1108/13552541211250418
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[Anonymous], 2015, THERMO CALC SOFTWARE
NR 53
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 11
U2 95
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 108
BP 46
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.019
PG 9
Engineering
GA DJ2YZ
UT WOS:000374072700006
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez-Nava, E
Smith, CJ
Derguti, F
Tammas-Williams, S
Leonard, F
Withers, PJ
Todd, I
Goodall, R
AF Hernandez-Nava, E.
Smith, C. J.
Derguti, F.
Tammas-Williams, S.
Leonard, F.
Withers, P. J.
Todd, I.
Goodall, R.
TI The effect of defects on the mechanical response of Ti-6Al-4V cubic
lattice structures fabricated by electron beam melting
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cellular solids; Additive manufacturing; Titanium alloy; Mechanical
properties; X-ray computed tomography
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; FOAMS; EBM
AB Electron Beam Melting (EBM) as a means of Additive Manufacturing (AM), is of
interest for the fabrication of intricate geometries for cellular materials in
areas where complex architectures are needed, e.g. biomedical implants. Most
studies have focused on specific geometries and so the effect of the structure on
mechanical performance is not well understood. Many kinds of micro- and macro-scale
defects can arise in additively manufactured components, so assessment of their
influence on properties is needed. In this work, lattices of Ti-6Al-4V having a
cubic structure have been manufactured by EBM, and the effect of heat treatments
above and below the beta-transus temperature on microstructure and compression
response have been investigated. The former modifies only slightly the alpha+beta
structure and mechanical performance whereas the latter leads to coarse alternating
alpha and beta lamellae packets and alpha at the prior grain boundaries with a 10%
loss in yield strength. The variation in the compressive yield stress with strut
diameter is in good accord with simple models based on compressive deformation
rather than shearing or buckling. Internal pores for struts aligned with the build
direction are found around the edges of the solid form, in regions which seem to be
associated with the EB scan pattern. Struts normal to the build direction show more
significant defects but their redundancy means that they do not compromise the
compressive performance in the build direction. Using a particle size in the range
45-100 pm minimum weld-track sizes were experimentally and numerically identified
to be 176 and 148 mu m in depth respectively with a depth-to-width ratio of 0.55.
This produced a beam pass of the order of 300 gm oversizing small features (struts
of 0.4 and 0.6 mm nominal diameter) when a contour around the strut periphery was
applied. (C) 2016 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hernandez-Nava, E.; Smith, C. J.; Derguti, F.; Todd, I.; Goodall, R.] Univ
Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sir Robert Hadfield Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S1
[Tammas-Williams, S.; Withers, P. J.] Univ Manchester, Henry Moseley Xray
Imaging Facil, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Leonard, F.] Bundesanstalt Mat Schung & Prufung BAM, Unter Eichen 87, D-12205
Berlin, Germany.
RP Hernandez-Nava, E (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Sir
Robert Hadfield Bldg,Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
EM mtq10eh@sheffield.ac.uk
RI Leonard, Fabien/K-5161-2014
OI Leonard, Fabien/0000-0001-5014-9901; Hernandez-Nava,
Everth/0000-0002-6414-3313; Todd, Iain/0000-0003-0217-1658;
Tammas-Williams, Sam/0000-0001-9457-2103
FU CONACyT; Roberto Rocca Education Program; EPSRC [EP/L016273/1,
EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1, EP/I02249X/1]
FX One of the Authors (Hernandez-Nava E.) would like to acknowledge the
support of a studentship provided by CONACyT and Roberto Rocca Education
Program. The authors Tammas-Williams S. and Smith C. acknowledge funding
from EPSRC for the Advanced Metallic Systems CDT (EP/L016273/1) at the
universities of Manchester and Sheffield.The Manchester Henry Moseley
X-ray Imaging Facility was funded in part by the EPSRC (grants
EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1 and EP/I02249X/1).
5093(97)00802-2
0397-x
Ashby MF, 2006, PHILOS T R SOC A, V364, P15, DOI 10.1098/rsta.2005.1678
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U1 3
U2 67
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR 15
PY 2016
VL 108
BP 279
EP 292
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.029
PG 14
Engineering
GA DJ2YZ
UT WOS:000374072700027
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Q
Wang, YD
Zheng, H
Tang, K
Ding, L
Li, HX
Gong, SL
AF Liu, Qi
Wang, Yudai
Zheng, Hang
Tang, Kang
Ding, Li
Li, Huaixue
Gong, Shuili
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of LMD-SLM hybrid forming
Ti6A14V alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser melting deposition; Selective laser melting; Ti6Al4V; Hybrid
forming; Mechanical properties
ID BETA-TITANIUM ALLOY; METAL-DEPOSITION; LASER; BEHAVIOR; POWDER;
FABRICATION; COMPONENTS; TI6AL4V; NANOCOMPOSITES; PERFORMANCE
AB Laser melting deposition (LMD) and selective laser melting (SLM) are two major
metal additive manufacturing technologies that explore the near-net shaping of
large components and net shaping of small complex structures. In order to achieve
subscale complex structures, researchers proposed LMD-SLM hybrid manufacturing
processes. Ti6Al4V is an alpha-beta dual-phase, moderate strength titanium alloy
that is widely used in the fields of medicine, aeronautics, and astronautics. In
this study, thin (1.5-2.5 mm) horizontal, vertical SLM plate and rolled plate are
used as substrate materials for the LMD process to analyze tensile properties,
microhardness, microstructure, and internal defects. The results show that the LMD
process forms a hybrid with the aforementioned plates. The relative density of
hybrid-forming area can reach 99.5%, because of the existence of the pores with
diameter < 20 mu m. Tensile strength and elongation of the hybrid thus produced can
reach respectively 918 MPa and 11%, and fractures are located in the LMD zone.
Internal layer fracture of the LMD zone increases elongation, whereas layer
interface fracture decreases it. The laser deposition process epitaxially generates
coarse columnar crystals, and laser remelting reduces the microhardness of the SLM
substrate in the 2- to 3-mm-thick grain-increased heat-affected zone (HAZ). The
microhardness distributions of the LMD zone, HAZ, and substrate material are found
to be 344, 343, and 375 (horizontal SLM); 346, 334, and 386 (vertical SLM); and
351, 328, and 340 HV (rolled plate), respectively. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Qi; Wang, Yudai; Zheng, Hang; Tang, Kang; Ding, Li; Li, Huaixue; Gong,
Shuili] AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Sci & Technol Power Beam Proc
Lab, Beijing Key Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg Technol, Aeronaut Key Lab Addit Mfg
Technol, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Hang] Beihang Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automat, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
[Tang, Kang] China Univ Petr, Sch Mech Engn, Qingdao 266000, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, Q (reprint author), AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Sci &
Technol Power Beam Proc Lab, Beijing Key Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg Technol,
Aeronaut Key Lab Addit Mfg Technol, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
EM aliuqi@gmail.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51505451]; Beijing
FX This study is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant no. 51505451) and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology
Program (Grant no. Z131104002813103). The authors also thank Dr Yang
YOU, Dr Hongbo SUO, Dr Zhitao HUANG, Dr Sheng ZHANG, Dr Wei CHEN,
Baiying HUANG, Fan SUN, Quandong HU, and Prof. Zhiqiang LI at Beijing
Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute AVIC for their
technical support.
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NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 69
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD APR 13
PY 2016
VL 660
BP 24
EP 33
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.02.069
PG 10
GA DJ3BH
UT WOS:000374079300004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, P
Tan, XP
Nai, MLS
Tor, SB
Wei, J
AF Wang, Pan
Tan, Xipeng
Tor, Shu Beng
Wei, Jun
TI Spatial and geometrical-based characterization of microstructure and
microhardness for an electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V component
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting; Titanium alloy; Microstructure; Mechanical
properties; Additive manufacturing; X-ray computed tomography
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER; DEPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; PHASE
AB Electron beam melting (EBM), as one of the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing
technologies, is very suitable for producing near net shape metallic parts with
complex geometries. This paper presents a spatial and geometrical-based
characterization study on an EBM-built Ti-6Al-4V impeller with a base diameter of
100 mm and a height of 53 mm. The thinnest section of the impeller is similar to
0.7 mm. The porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by
means of X-ray computed tomography, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning
electron microscopy and microhardness testing. The findings revealed that only
similar to 0.12 vol.% pores with an average diameter of similar to 12 mu m were
detected in the impeller. This implies that very highly dense parts could be
produced by the EBM technology. Moreover, gradual changes in microstructure and
microhardness at different locations in the impeller were observed, which is
attributed to the complex thermal gradient. On the whole, the impeller exhibited
high microhardness values, implying high mechanical properties. These results
reveal that EBM is a potential method for fabricating complex-shaped industrial
components with superior mechanical performance for practical applications. (C)
C1 [Wang, Pan; Nai, Mui Ling Sharon; Wei, Jun] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 71
Nanyang Dr, Singapore 638075, Singapore.
[Tan, Xipeng; Tor, Shu Beng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, HW1-01-05,2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372, Singapore.
RP Wang, P (reprint author), Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 71 Nanyang Dr, Singapore
638075, Singapore.
EM wangp@SIMTech.a-star.edu.sg
RI Nai, Sharon/J-3784-2017; Tan, Xipeng/K-2247-2012
OI Nai, Sharon/0000-0001-8340-952X; Tan, Xipeng/0000-0003-3392-8254; Wang,
Pan/0000-0002-2079-9580
FU A*STAR Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3
(Electron Beam Melting) [132 550 4103]
FX The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by A*STAR
Industrial Additive Manufacturing Program: Work Package 3 (Electron Beam
Melting), grant no. 132 550 4103. The authors would also like to thank
Dr. Liu Tong for his help with the high energy X-ray CT study.
0397-x
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
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SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
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DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.093
PG 9
GA DF4CP
UT WOS:000371295200033
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Rashed, MG
Ashraf, M
Mines, RAW
Hazell, PJ
AF Rashed, M. G.
Ashraf, Mahmud
Mines, R. A. W.
Hazell, Paul J.
TI Metallic microlattice materials: A current state of the art on
manufacturing, mechanical properties and applications
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Cellular materials; Open cell structures;
Metallic microlattices; Mechanical properties
ID LATTICE TRUSS STRUCTURES; MELTED STAINLESS-STEEL; FINITE-ELEMENT;
SANDWICH STRUCTURES; STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE; COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOR;
CELLULAR STRUCTURES; PYRAMIDAL LATTICE; HOLLOW TRUSSES; LASER
AB Metallic microlattice is a new class of material that combines useful mechanical
properties of metals with smart geometrical orientations providing greater
stiffness, strength-to-weight ratio and good energy absorption capacity than other
types of cellular materials used in sandwich construction such as honeycomb, folded
and foam. Metallic microlattices consist of micro struts stacked in different
arrangements and most of the volume is occupied by air voids. Relative density and
strut stacking order are the prime design variables of this ultralight material and
the mechanical properties could be engineered by controlling these parameters. The
base metal i.e. stainless steel, titanium alloy etc. used in producing
microlattices, obviously, would affect its behavior. A number of processes are
reported in literature to produce metallic microlattices, which could significantly
affect its mechanical properties. This paper presents an overview of manufacturing
and processing of microlattices with the corresponding mechanical properties.
Current techniques adopted for modeling its structural response are discussed
herein. Possible future uses of microlattices and the demonstrated use of cellular
materials analogous to applications of microlattices are also explored in this
paper as practical applications are yet to be demonstrated for this innovative
ultralight material. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rashed, M. G.; Ashraf, Mahmud; Hazell, Paul J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Engn &
Informat Technol, Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia.
England.
RP Ashraf, M (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Engn & Informat Technol,
Canberra, ACT 2610, Australia.
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NR 100
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 15
U2 108
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD APR 5
PY 2016
VL 95
BP 518
EP 533
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.146
PG 16
GA DF4CP
UT WOS:000371295200056
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Donoghue, J
Antonysamy, AA
Martina, F
Colegrove, PA
Williams, SW
Prangnell, PB
AF Donoghue, J.
Antonysamy, A. A.
Martina, F.
Colegrove, P. A.
Williams, S. W.
Prangnell, P. B.
TI The effectiveness of combining rolling deformation with Wire-Arc
Additive Manufacture on beta-grain refinement and texture modification
in Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive Manufacture; Titanium; Grain structure; Texture
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
VARIANT SELECTION; LAYER MANUFACTURE; LASER; DIFFRACTION; DEPOSITION;
BEHAVIOR; BUILDS
AB In Additive Manufacture (AM), with the widely used titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, the
solidification conditions typically result in undesirable, coarse-columnar, primary
13 grain structures. This can result in a strong texture and mechanical anisotropy
in AM components. Here, we have investigated the efficacy of a new approach to
promote beta grain refinement in Wire-Arc Additive Manufacture (WAAM) of large
scale parts, which combines a rolling step sequentially with layer deposition. It
has been found that when applied in-process, to each added layer, only a
surprisingly low level of deformation is required to greatly reduce the beta grain
size. From EBSD analysis of the rolling strain distribution in each layer and
reconstruction of the prior beta grain structure, it has been demonstrated that the
normally coarse centimetre scale columnar beta grain structure could be refined
down to <100 mu m. Moreover, in the process both the 3 and a phase textures were
substantially weakened to close to random. It is postulated that the deformation
step causes new beta orientations to develop, through local heterogeneities in the
deformation structure, which act as nuclei during the alpha -> beta transformation
that occurs as each layer is re-heated by the subsequent deposition pass. (C) 2016
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC
BY license
C1 [Donoghue, J.; Antonysamy, A. A.; Prangnell, P. B.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat,
Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Martina, F.; Colegrove, P. A.; Williams, S. W.] Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn
Res Ctr, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Antonysamy, A. A.] GKN Aerosp, POB 500,Golf Course Lane, Filton BS34 9AU,
England.
RP Donoghue, J (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL,
Lancs, England.
EM jack.donoghue@manchester.ac.uk; alphons.antonysamy@gknaerospace.com;
f.martina@cranfield.ac.uk; p.colegrove@cranfield.ac.uk;
s.williams@cranfield.ac.uk; philip.prangnell@manchester.ac.uk
OI Donoghue, Jack/0000-0003-2692-3922; Prangnell,
Philip/0000-0003-3589-2021; Martina, Filomeno/0000-0001-7657-8253
FU LATEST2 [EP/H020047/1]; Airbus, UK
FX The authors would like to thank Prof. Brad Wynne (University of
Sheffield) for provision of the 13 reconstruction software. J. Donoghue
is grateful for financial support provided by LATEST2 (EP/H020047/1) and
Airbus, UK.
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NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 12
U2 50
PI NEW YORK
SN 1044-5803
EI 1873-4189
J9 MATER CHARACT
JI Mater. Charact.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 114
BP 103
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.matchar.2016.02.001
PG 12
GA DK0KS
UT WOS:000374602300012
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Wang, LL
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Qiang
Chen, Jing
Wang, Lilin
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Weidong
TI Solidification Microstructure of Laser Additive Manufactured
Ti-6Al-2Zr-2Sn-3Mo-1.5Cr-2Nb Titanium Alloy
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacture; Partially melted powders; Equiaxed grains
ID METAL-DEPOSITION; POWDER; SUPERALLOY; GROWTH
AB Solidification microstructure of powder fed laser additive manufactured Ti-6Al-
2Zr-2Sn-3Mo-1.5Cr-2Nb titanium alloy was investigated. The results showed that by
deliberately increasing the powder feed rate, partially melted powders were
retained at the top of the molten pool, which can promote heterogeneous nucleus.
Thus, each cladding layer is composed of two regions: (i) randomly orientated
cellular structure region caused by partially melted powders at the top of each
cladding layer; and (ii) epitaxial cellular structure region adjacent to the fusion
line. Usually, randomly orientated cellular structure region was totally remelted
for a wide range of process conditions. The remelting effect ensures the continuity
of epitaxial growth of cellular structure and leads to the formation of columnar
beta grains. In order to obtain equiaxed grains the scanning velocity and powder
feed rate should be carefully selected to enlarge the randomly orientated cellular
structure region. Copyright (C) 2016, The editorial office of Journal of Materials
Science & Technology. Published by Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Qiang; Chen, Jing; Wang, Lilin; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Weidong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples R
China.
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
[2013AA031103]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 51105311 and 51475380) and the National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.
2013AA031103)
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NR 21
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 10
U2 61
PU JOURNAL MATER SCI TECHNOL
PI SHENYANG
PA 72 WENHUA RD, SHENYANG 110015, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1005-0302
J9 J MATER SCI TECHNOL
JI J. Mater. Sci. Technol.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 4
BP 381
EP 386
DI 10.1016/j.jmst.2015.11.019
PG 6
Engineering
GA DJ0RH
UT WOS:000373911600013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Farina, I
Fabbrocino, F
Carpentieri, G
Modano, M
Amendola, A
Goodall, R
Feo, L
Fraternali, F
AF Farina, I.
Fabbrocino, F.
Carpentieri, G.
Modano, M.
Amendola, A.
Goodall, R.
Feo, L.
Fraternali, F.
TI On the reinforcement of cement mortars through 3D printed polymeric and
metallic fibers
LA English
DT Article
DE Fibres; Fibre/matrix bond; Fracture toughness; Surface analysis;
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MASONRY DOMES; CONCRETE; COMPOSITES; TOUGHNESS;
FRACTURE; DESIGN
AB We employ additive manufacturing technologies for the design and fabrication of
novel reinforcing elements of cement mortars. Three-point bending tests and optical
microscope analyses are performed on a cement mortar reinforced with 3D printed
fibers made of polymeric and metallic materials, which exhibit different surface
morphology and roughness. Experimental and analytical results highlight that the
shear capacity, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the examined materials
greatly depend on the design and the material of the reinforcing fibers. Specimens
reinforced with high surface roughness fibers exhibit shear failure and high
interfacial bond strength, while unreinforced specimens and specimens reinforced
with smooth fibers exhibit flexural failure and limited interfacial bond strength.
We observe that mortar specimens reinforced with titanium alloy Ti6Al4V fibers
exhibit load carrying capacity more than twice as high as specimens reinforced with
photopolymeric fibers. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Farina, I.; Fabbrocino, F.] Pegaso Telemat Univ, Dept Engn, I-80132 Naples,
Italy.
[Carpentieri, G.; Amendola, A.; Feo, L.; Fraternali, F.] Univ Salerno, Dept
Civil Engn, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
[Carpentieri, G.; Modano, M.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Struct Engn, I-80132
Naples, Italy.
[Goodall, R.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD,
S Yorkshire, England.
Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
EM ilenia.farina@unipegaso.it; francesco.fabbrocino@unipegaso.it;
gcarpentieri@unisa.it; modano@unina.it; adaamendola1@unisa.it;
r.goodall@sheffield.ac.uk; r.goodall@sheffield.ac.uk;
f.fraternali@unisa.it
RI Feo, Luciano/L-9750-2016; Amendola, Ada/H-6561-2017; Fraternali,
Fernando/A-4237-2018
OI Feo, Luciano/0000-0002-3180-7478; Amendola, Ada/0000-0002-2562-881X;
Fraternali, Fernando/0000-0002-7549-6405
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NR 34
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 14
U2 83
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-8368
EI 1879-1069
PD APR 1
PY 2016
VL 90
BP 76
EP 85
DI 10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.12.006
PG 10
GA DH1QL
UT WOS:000372559900008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Samimi, P
Brice, DA
Ghamarian, I
Liu, Y
Collins, PC
AF Samimi, P.
Brice, D. A.
Ghamarian, I.
Liu, Y.
Collins, P. C.
TI Systematic Assessment of the Influence of Mo Concentration on the Oxygen
Ingress in Ti-Mo System During High Temperature Oxidation
SO OXIDATION OF METALS
LA English
CT 4th International Symposium on High-Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion
(ISHOC)
CY JUL 23-27, 2014
CL Hakodate, JAPAN
DE Oxidation; Titanium; Oxygen ingress; Nano indentation
ID INDUCED PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; 650 DEGREES-C; ALLOY COMPOSITION;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; NANOINDENTATION; BEHAVIOR
AB To understand the role of composition in the oxidation behavior of Ti-Mo system
and to evaluate the extent of oxygen ingress into the metal substrate during high
temperature exposure, a compositionally graded Ti-xMo specimen (0 a parts per
thousand currency sign x a parts per thousand currency sign 12 wt% Mo) was prepared
using an additive manufacturing technique, solutionized and then subjected to
oxidation tests at 650 A degrees C for different exposure times. The depth of
oxygen diffusion, across the composition range, was assessed via change in the
local hardness and the results were coupled with quantitative measurement of the
oxygen concentration. The concentration of O in the alpha phase was reduced by 90 %
after a short distance of 16 mu m from the metal/oxide interface while it remained
more or less the same in beta phase. The solubility of Mo in alpha phase also
approached zero near the surface as O changed the partition coefficient of this
element between alpha and beta phases. It was shown that the addition of Mo reduces
the solubility of O in the metal substrate which in turn retards the transition
point from parabolic to the linear oxidation stage.
C1 [Samimi, P.; Brice, D. A.; Ghamarian, I.; Collins, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Liu, Y.] Univ N Texas, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Liu, Y.] Headway Technol, Milpitas, CA USA.
[Samimi, P.; Collins, P. C.] CANFSA, Denton, TX USA.
RP Samimi, P (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011
USA.; Samimi, P (reprint author), CANFSA, Denton, TX USA.
EM pe.samimi@gmail.com
OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981
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NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
SN 0030-770X
EI 1573-4889
J9 OXID MET
JI Oxid. Met.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 357
EP 368
DI 10.1007/s11085-015-9600-1
PG 12
GA DH6BN
UT WOS:000372876100011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Smith, J
Xiong, W
Yan, WT
Lin, S
Cheng, PK
Kafka, OL
Wagner, GJ
Cao, J
Liu, WK
AF Smith, Jacob
Xiong, Wei
Yan, Wentao
Lin, Stephen
Cheng, Puikei
Kafka, Orion L.
Wagner, Gregory J.
Cao, Jian
Liu, Wing Kam
TI Linking process, structure, property, and performance for metal-based
additive manufacturing: computational approaches with experimental
support
SO COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Non-equilibrium processes; Multiscale modeling;
Materials design; Process-structure-property
ID POWDER-BED FUSION; TI-6.5AL-3.5MO-1.5ZR-0.3SI TITANIUM-ALLOY;
LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; ELECTRON-BEAM;
HETEROGENEOUS FORMATIONS; PROCESS PARAMETERS; FATIGUE PROPERTIES;
MATERIALS DESIGN; VOID NUCLEATION
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) methods for rapid prototyping of 3D materials (3D
printing) have become increasingly popular with a particular recent emphasis on
those methods used for metallic materials. These processes typically involve an
accumulation of cyclic phase changes. The widespread interest in these methods is
largely stimulated by their unique ability to create components of considerable
complexity. However, modeling such processes is exceedingly difficult due to the
highly localized and drastic material evolution that often occurs over the course
of the manufacture time of each component. Final product characterization and
validation are currently driven primarily by experimental means as a result of the
lack of robust modeling procedures. In the present work, the authors discuss
primary detrimental hurdles that have plagued effective modeling of AM methods for
metallic materials while also providing logical speculation into preferable
research directions for overcoming these hurdles. The primary focus of this work
encompasses the specific areas of high-performance computing, multiscale modeling,
materials characterization, process modeling, experimentation, and validation for
final product performance of additively manufactured metallic components.
C1 [Smith, Jacob; Yan, Wentao; Lin, Stephen; Cheng, Puikei; Kafka, Orion L.;
Wagner, Gregory J.; Cao, Jian; Liu, Wing Kam] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn,
[Xiong, Wei] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 2220 Campus Dr, Evanston,
IL 60208 USA.
[Yan, Wentao] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, WK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 2145 Sheridan Rd,
Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM jacobsmith2011@u.northwestern.edu; wxiong@yahoo.com;
wentao.yan@northwestern.edu; stephenlin2014@u.northwestern.edu;
puikeicheng2014@u.northwestern.edu; orionkafka2014@u.northwestern.edu;
gregory.wagner@northwestern.edu; jcao@northwestern.edu;
w-liu@northwestern.edu
RI Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015; Liu, Wing/B-7599-2009; Xiong,
Wei/A-4940-2011; Cao, Jian/B-7544-2009
OI Xiong, Wei/0000-0002-3825-1679; , Wentao/0000-0001-8480-6375; Cao,
Jian/0000-0003-1023-5244
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Center for
Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD) [70NANB13H194, 70NANB14H012];
United States Department of Defense through the National Defense Science
and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) fellowship award; United States
National Science Foundation (NSF) through the NSF Graduate Research
Fellowship Program (GRFP) [DGE-1324585]
FX The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support for this
work provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
and Center for Hierarchical Materials Design (CHiMaD) under grant No.
70NANB13H194 and 70NANB14H012. Jacob Smith would like to acknowledge the
United States Department of Defense for their support through the
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) fellowship
award. Orion L. Kafka would like to thank the United States National
Science Foundation (NSF) for their support through the NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship Program (GRFP) under financial award number
DGE-1324585. The authors would also like to acknowledge Sarah Wolff and
Fuyao Yan, both at Northwestern University, for their intellectual
contributions through discussion on experimental characterization of
mechanical behavior and microstructure resulting from AM processes.
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NR 90
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 20
U2 99
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0178-7675
EI 1432-0924
J9 COMPUT MECH
JI Comput. Mech.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 57
IS 4
BP 583
EP 610
DI 10.1007/s00466-015-1240-4
PG 28
WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics
SC Mathematics; Mechanics
GA DG7YO
UT WOS:000372299800005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, P
Warner, DH
Fatemi, A
Phan, N
AF Li, P.
Warner, D. H.
Fatemi, A.
Phan, N.
TI Critical assessment of the fatigue performance of additively
manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and perspective for future research
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Review; Fatigue; Ti-6Al-4V; S-N curves
ID SUPERSONIC PARTICLE DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRUCTURAL
INTEGRITY; AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; CRACK-PROPAGATION;
LASER; TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR
AB To realize the potential benefits of additive manufacturing technology in
airframe and ground vehicle applications, the fatigue performance of load bearing
additively manufactured materials must be understood. Due to the novelty of this
rapidly developing technology, a very limited, yet swiftly evolving literature
exists on the topic. Motivated by these two points, we have attempted to catalog
and analyze the published fatigue performance data of an additively manufactured
alloy of significant technological interest, Ti-6Al-4V. Focusing on uniaxial
fatigue performance, we compare to traditionally manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, discussing
failure mechanisms, defects, microstructure, and processing parameters. We then
attempt to identify key knowledge gaps that must be addressed before AM technology
can safely and effectively be employed in critical load bearing applications. (C)
C1 [Li, P.; Warner, D. H.] Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY
14853 USA.
[Fatemi, A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Phan, N.] Naval Air Syst Command, Struct Div, Patuxent River, MD 20670 USA.
RP Warner, DH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY
14853 USA.
EM derek.warner@cornell.edu
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TC 29
Z9 29
U1 24
U2 70
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 85
BP 130
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.12.003
PG 14
GA DC8GZ
UT WOS:000369459200013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Aboulkhair, NT
Maskery, I
Tuck, C
Ashcroft, I
Everitt, NM
AF Aboulkhair, Nesma T.
Maskery, Ian
Tuck, Chris
Ashcroft, Ian
Everitt, Nicola M.
TI On the formation of A1Si10Mg single tracks and layers in selective laser
melting: Microstructure and nano-mechanical properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Single tracks;
Aluminium alloys; Microstructure; Nanoindentation
ID METAL POWDERS; MORPHOLOGY; ALSI10MG
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) is a relatively new manufacturing technique that
can be used to process a range of materials. Aluminum alloys are potential
candidates for SLM but are more difficult to process than the titanium alloys more
commonly used with this technique. This is because of the former's physical
properties that can result in high levels of porosity in the final parts. Although
the majority of studies to date into the processing of Al alloys by SLM have
considered the development of load bearing objects, in particular porosity
reduction and mechanical characterization of the parts, it is also important to
study the single tracks formed during the process. This paper studies the effect of
changing the scan speed on the formation of fusion lines and single tracks from an
Al alloy, as well as their overlap to form a single layer. The geometrical features
of the melt pools as well as the boundaries of continuity and/or irregularities
were defined and showed dependence on scan speed. Keyhole mode melting domination
was observed. The scan tracks and layers were porosity-free suggesting pores to
form with layer accumulation. Investigations showed that increasing the layer
thickness should be avoided as it promoted defects. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX)
mapping was implemented to compare the chemical composition distribution in the SLM
material and its as-cast counterpart. A fine microstructure with homogenous
distribution of the alloying elements was observed. Nanoindentation and EDX were
used to establish an understanding of the hardness profile across melt pools of
single tracks and their interrelation to the chemical composition. The elemental
distribution yielded uniform high nano-hardness with no spatial variation across
the SLM material. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Aboulkhair, Nesma T.; Maskery, Ian; Tuck, Chris; Ashcroft, Ian] Univ
Nottingham, Fac Engn, Addit Mfg & Printing Res Grp 3D, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Aboulkhair, Nesma T.; Everitt, Nicola M.] Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Bioengn
Res Grp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
RP Aboulkhair, NT (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Addit Mfg & Printing
Res Grp 3D, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.; Aboulkhair, NT (reprint author), Univ
Nottingham, Fac Engn, Bioengn Res Grp, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM emxntab@nottingham.ac.uk
RI Tuck, Christopher/F-6251-2012
OI Tuck, Christopher/0000-0003-0146-3851; Maskery, Ian/0000-0003-1729-4837;
Everitt, Nicola/0000-0003-0269-5689; Aboulkhair, Nesma
T/0000-0002-3613-0320
FU Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
FX Nesma T. Aboulkhair gratefully acknowledges funding provided by the Dean
of Engineering Scholarship for International Research Excellence,
Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom. Thanks
to Mr. Mark Hardy and Mr. Tom Buss for their help in this research.
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NR 28
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 13
U2 152
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 230
BP 88
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.11.016
PG 11
Multidisciplinary
GA DC8EH
UT WOS:000369452200011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Everhart, W
Sawyer, E
Neidt, T
Dinardo, J
Brown, B
AF Everhart, Wes
Sawyer, Eric
Neidt, Tod
Dinardo, Joe
Brown, Ben
TI The effect of surface finish on tensile behavior of additively
manufactured tensile bars
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM MELTING EBM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE;
TI-6AL-4V; STEEL; ROUGHNESS; PARTS; SIZE
AB Additive Manufacturing (AM) has significantly increased the design freedom
available for metal parts. Many novel designs rely on the existence of surfaces
that are not accessible and therefore rely on the surface finish of the parts
directly from the AM equipment. Work has been performed to characterize the
difference between AM, then machined tensile samples and AM tensile samples with an
unimproved surface finish. This work utilizes surface analysis, fractography, and
finite element analysis (FEA) to expand on this by investigating the effects of the
unimproved surfaces on local tensile behavior and fracture mechanics in AM
materials. Results show that measurement error in cross-sectional area is the main
source of variation between unfinished and machined strength measurements. Results
also indicate that a ductile material may demonstrate the same tensile strength
regardless of post processing. Fractography shows that stress concentration near
the surface of the samples leads to changes in fracture behavior likely explaining
the difference in elongation of the samples. Finally, FEA work did not successfully
show a difference in fracture initiation, though this is likely due to inaccurate
representation of the samples surface.
C1 [Everhart, Wes; Sawyer, Eric; Neidt, Tod; Dinardo, Joe; Brown, Ben] Natl Secur
Campus, Kansas City, MO 64147 USA.
RP Everhart, W (reprint author), Natl Secur Campus, Kansas City, MO 64147 USA.
EM weverhart@kcp.com
OI Everhart, Wesley/0000-0001-6253-5527
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-NA0000622]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance provided for this
research by AM equipment technicians Kevin Davis and Justin Tannehill,
microscopists Brandon Cox and Diana Goedecke and tensile testing
personnel Ed Wenski, Bill Lepley, and Jason Rogers. All data prepared,
analyzed, and presented have been developed in a specific context of
work and were prepared for internal evaluation and use pursuant to that
work authorized under the referenced contract. Reference herein to any
specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name,
trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute
or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United
States Government, any agency thereof or Honeywell Federal Manufacturing
& Technologies, LLC. This presentation has been authored by Honeywell
Federal Manufacturing & Technologies under Contract No. DE-NA0000622
with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains
and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication,
acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive,
paid up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for the
United States Government purposes.
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NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 84
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0022-2461
EI 1573-4803
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD APR
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 8
BP 3836
EP 3845
DI 10.1007/s10853-015-9702-9
PG 10
GA DC1TV
UT WOS:000369000700017
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Grolimund, D
Fife, JL
Samson, VA
Van Petegem, S
Van Swygenhoven, H
Leinenbach, C
AF Kenel, C.
Grolimund, D.
Fife, J. L.
Samson, V. A.
Van Petegem, S.
Van Swygenhoven, H.
Leinenbach, C.
TI Combined in situ synchrotron micro X-ray diffraction and high-speed
imaging on rapidly heated and solidified Ti-48Al under additive
manufacturing conditions
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray diffraction; Synchrotron radiation; Phase transformations;
Titanium aluminides; Rapid solidification
ID TIAL ALLOYS; LASER; SYSTEM
AB An in situ method to study the behavior of alloys during rapid heating and
cooling combining laser heating with synchrotron micro X-ray diffraction and high-
speed imaging is presented. Near-spherical Ti-48Al specimens were melted using a
laser-based heating system consisting of two diode lasers and subsequently rapidly
solidified using a Cu support structure. The Al-rich Ti-48Al forms a fine grained
dual phase alpha(2) + gamma microstructure. Upon solidification, the formation of
the beta-phase is fully suppressed. Time-resolved peak evolution and temperature-
corrected micro X-ray diffraction data provides clear observations of
solidification and solid state phase transformations under non-equilibrium
conditions similar to beam-based additive manufacturing. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Leinenbach, C.] Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Empa, Uberlandstr
129, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Grolimund, D.; Fife, J. L.; Samson, V. A.; Van Petegem, S.; Van Swygenhoven,
H.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Van Swygenhoven, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Inst Mat, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland.
RP Leinenbach, C (reprint author), Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Empa,
RI Van Petegem, Steven/E-9807-2016; Grolimund, Daniel/O-3127-2017; Samson,
Vallerie Ann/J-5483-2016
OI Van Petegem, Steven/0000-0002-3015-7725; Grolimund,
Daniel/0000-0001-9721-7940; Samson, Vallerie Ann/0000-0001-5256-4922;
Leinenbach, Christian/0000-0003-0435-495X
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NR 14
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 79
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD MAR 15
PY 2016
VL 114
BP 117
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2015.12.009
PG 4
GA DC8GC
UT WOS:000369456900026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Y
Cuiuri, D
Li, HJ
Pan, ZX
Shen, C
AF Ma, Yan
Cuiuri, Dominic
Li, Huijun
Pan, Zengxi
Shen, Chen
TI The effect of postproduction heat treatment on gamma-TiAl alloys
produced by the GTAW-based additive manufacturing process
LA English
DT Article
DE TiAl; Heat treatment; GTAW; Additive manufacturing; Microstructure;
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATION; LAMELLAR STRUCTURE; GROWTH-KINETICS; GAS TUNGSTEN;
TENSILE; DEFORMATION; REFINEMENT
AB Postproduction heat treatments were carried out on additively manufactured
gamma-TiAl alloys that were produced by using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
process. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of both as-
fabricated and heat-treated specimens were investigated to assess the effect of
different heat treatment conditions, by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Neutron Diffraction and tensile
tests.
The results indicated that heat treatment promotes the formation of the gamma
phase in the majority region after heat treatment at 1200 degrees C for 24 h, while
a fully lamellar structure was formed in the near substrate zone. The response to
heat treatment at 1060 degrees C/24 h was markedly different, producing a fine
lamellar structure with differing sizes in the majority region and near-substrate
zone. These various microstructural characteristics determined the mechanical
properties of the heat-treated samples. The heat-treated samples at 1200 degrees
C/24 h exhibited lower UTS and microhardness values but higher ductility than the
as-fabricated samples without heat treatment, while the 1060 degrees C/24 h heat
treatment resulted in higher UTS and microhardness values but lower ductility. Due
to the homogenous microstructure in the majority region after each postproduction
heat treatment, the tensile properties were similar for both the build direction
(Z) and travel direction (Y), thereby minimising the anisotropy that is exhibited
by the as-fabricated alloy prior to heat treatment. Crown Copyright (C) 2016
Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ma, Yan; Cuiuri, Dominic; Li, Huijun; Pan, Zengxi; Shen, Chen] Univ Wollongong,
Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields
OI Shen, Chen/0000-0002-7687-6418; pan, zengxi/0000-0002-1788-2543
FU China Scholarship Council (CSC); University of Wollongong; Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA); UOW Electron Microscopy Centre
FX The authors are grateful for the support of the China Scholarship
Council (CSC), the University of Wollongong and the Welding Technology
Institute of Australia (WTIA) and the use of facilities in the UOW
Electron Microscopy Centre.
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NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 12
U2 56
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD MAR 7
PY 2016
VL 657
BP 86
EP 95
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.060
PG 10
GA DF7PL
UT WOS:000371550000012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Perevoshchikova, N
Hutchinson, CR
Wu, X
AF Perevoshchikova, N.
Hutchinson, C. R.
Wu, X.
TI The design of hot-isostatic pressing schemes for Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr
(Ti-5553)
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Powder metallurgy; Hot isostatic pressing;
Fatigue; Ti alloys
ID BETA-TITANIUM ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; POWDER
AB Hot-isostatic pressing (HIP) allows near net shape components to be produced
from vacuum-sealed powder in a defined capsule. HIP schemes specifically for beta
Ti-5553 powder have been designed and experimentally interrogated in this work. The
effect of HIP temperature and time on the integrity of the bonds between Ti-5553
powder particles has been examined and the consequential tensile and high cycle
fatigue response (HCF) characterized. The influence of heat treatment following HIP
is also examined. The results indicate that HCF properties of HIPped Ti-5553 depend
primarily on the quality of the bond formed between powder particles and
microstructural characteristics. The temperature and time of HIP can be manipulated
to improve particle bonding and fatigue performance. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Perevoshchikova, N.; Hutchinson, C. R.; Wu, X.] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
[Wu, X.] Monash Ctr Addit Mfg, 11 Normanby Rd,Notting Hill, Melbourne, Vic 3168,
Australia.
RP Perevoshchikova, N (reprint author), Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton,
EM nataliya.perevoshchikova@monash.edu
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NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD MAR 7
PY 2016
VL 657
BP 371
EP 382
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.082
PG 12
GA DF7PL
UT WOS:000371550000040
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sing, SL
Yeong, WY
Wiria, FE
AF Sing, Swee Leong
Yeong, Wai Yee
TI Selective laser melting of titanium alloy with 50 wt% tantalum:
Microstructure and mechanical properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Selective laser melting; Titanium;
Tantalum
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; C18400 COPPER ALLOY; TI-TA ALLOYS;
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; INTERFACIAL CHARACTERIZATION; SLM PARTS;
BEHAVIOR; TI-6AL-4V; TEMPERATURE; ANISOTROPY
AB In this study, selective laser melting (SLM) was used to fabricate samples of
titanium-tantalum (TiTa) alloy comprising 50 wt% of each element. Based on
observation from scanning electron microscopy, asfabricated samples comprised of
randomly dispersed pure tantalum particles in a TiTa matrix. The microstructure
exhibited equiaxed grains of beta titanium and tantalum in random orientations,
determined by combination of field emission scanning electron microscopy, electron
back scatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction. The resulting samples have ultimate
tensile strength of 924.64 +/- 9.06 MPa and elastic modulus of 75.77 +/- 4.04 GPa.
The TiTa alloy produced can be a potential material for biomedical applications due
to its high strength to modulus ratio, as compared to Ti6Al4V and commercially pure
titanium. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sing, Swee Leong; Yeong, Wai Yee; Wiria, Florencia Edith] Nanyang Technol Univ,
SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit Mfg 3D, Singapore 637333, Singapore.
[Sing, Swee Leong; Yeong, Wai Yee] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Singapore 637372, Singapore.
[Wiria, Florencia Edith] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, Singapore 638075,
Singapore.
Mfg 3D, HW3-01-01,65A Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637333, Singapore.
EM sing0011@e.ntu.edu.sg; wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg;
florencia@simtech.a-star.edu.sg
RI Yeong, Wai Yee/G-2655-2013; Sing, Swee Leong/M-3270-2014
OI Yeong, Wai Yee/0000-0003-3640-0877; Sing, Swee Leong/0000-0002-3980-6605
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NR 50
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 57
U2 256
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAR 5
PY 2016
VL 660
BP 461
EP 470
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.11.141
PG 10
GA CZ2OK
UT WOS:000366944300067
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Saedi, S
Turabi, AS
Andani, MT
Haberland, C
Elahinia, M
Karaca, H
AF Saedi, Soheil
Turabi, Ali Sadi
Elahinia, Mohammad
Karaca, Haluk
TI Thermomechanical characterization of Ni-rich NiTi fabricated by
SO SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE shape memory alloys; additive manufacturing; selective laser melting
ID SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; MARTENSITIC-TRANSFORMATION; NICKEL-TITANIUM;
BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPRESSION; METALLURGY; METALS; SLM
AB This study presents the shape memory behavior of as-fabricated and solution
annealed Ni50.8Ti49.2 alloys fabricated using the. selective laser melting (SLM)
technique. Results were compared to the initial ingot that was used to fabricate
powders. Optical microscopy was employed to reveal the microstructure. The shape
memory effect under constant compressive stress and isothermal compressive stress
cycling tests were. utilized to investigate the shape memory characteristics of
the. initial ingot and fabricated alloys. It was. revealed that the. SLM method and
post heat treatments can be used to tailor the microstructure and shape memory
response. Partial superelasticity was observed after the. SLM process.
Solutionizing the fabricated samples increased. the strength and. improved the.
superelasticity but slightly decreased. the recoverable strain.
C1 [Saedi, Soheil; Turabi, Ali Sadi; Karaca, Haluk] Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn,
Smart Mat Lab, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Andani, Mohsen Taheri; Haberland, Christoph; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo,
Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Dept, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH
43606 USA.
[Haberland, Christoph] Siemens AG, Power & Gas, Berlin, Germany.
RP Karaca, H (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Mech Engn, Smart Mat Lab,
EM karacahaluk@uky.edu
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010]; TVSF grant
[TECG2014095]; NASA EPSCOR program [NNX11AQ31A]
Accelerator), TVSF grant TECG2014095 (Ankle Foot Orthosis Using Shape
Memory Alloys) and NASA EPSCOR program under grant No: NNX11AQ31A.
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PI BRISTOL
SN 0964-1726
EI 1361-665X
J9 SMART MATER STRUCT
JI Smart Mater. Struct.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 3
AR 035005
DI 10.1088/0964-1726/25/3/035005
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA DG8MP
UT WOS:000372338600006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XJ
Xu, SQ
Zhou, SW
Xu, W
Leary, M
Choong, P
Qian, M
Brandt, M
Xie, YM
AF Wang, Xiaojian
Xu, Shanqing
Zhou, Shiwei
Xu, Wei
Leary, Martin
Choong, Peter
Qian, M.
Brandt, Milan
Xie, Yi Min
TI Topological design and additive manufacturing of porous metals for bone
scaffolds and orthopaedic implants: A review
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; Topology optimization; Bone scaffold; Porous
metals; Orthopaedic implants; Biomaterials
ID EVOLUTIONARY STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION; SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; LASER MELTING
PROCESS; LEVEL SET METHOD; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IN-VIVO; TITANIUM
IMPLANTS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; MAGNESIUM SCAFFOLDS; POWDER-METALLURGY
AB One of the critical issues in orthopaedic regenerative medicine is the design of
bone scaffolds and implants that replicate the biomechanical properties of the host
bones. Porous metals have found themselves to be suitable candidates for repairing
or replacing the damaged bones since their stiffness and porosity can be adjusted
on demands. Another advantage of porous metals lies in their open space for the in-
growth of bone tissue, hence accelerating the osseointegration process. The
fabrication of porous metals has been extensively explored over decades, however
only limited controls over the internal architecture can be achieved by the
conventional processes. Recent advances in additive manufacturing have provided
unprecedented opportunities for producing complex structures to meet the increasing
demands for implants with customized mechanical performance. At the same time,
topology optimization techniques have been developed to enable the internal
architecture of porous metals to be designed to achieve specified mechanical
properties at will. Thus implants designed via the topology optimization approach
and produced by additive manufacturing are of great interest. This paper reviews
the state-of-the-art of topological design and manufacturing processes of various
types of porous metals, in particular for titanium alloys, biodegradable metals and
shape memory alloys. This review also identifies the limitations of current
techniques and addresses the directions for future investigations. (C) 2016
C1 [Wang, Xiaojian; Xu, Shanqing; Zhou, Shiwei; Xie, Yi Min] RMIT Univ, Sch Engn,
Ctr Innovat Struct & Mat, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Xu, Wei; Leary, Martin; Qian, M.; Brandt, Milan; Xie, Yi Min] RMIT Univ, Sch
Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Choong, Peter] Univ Melbourne, St Vincents Hosp, Dept Surg, Melbourne, Vic
3001, Australia.
RP Xie, YM (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Engn, Ctr Innovat Struct & Mat, GPO Box
2476, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
EM mike.xie@rmit.edu.au
RI Wang, Xiaojian/U-3897-2017; Xu, Wei/G-6302-2012; Choong,
Peter/F-1109-2014
OI Wang, Xiaojian/0000-0003-3205-1999; Choong, Peter/0000-0002-3522-7374;
Choong, Peter/0000-0001-7333-7665; Xie, Yi Min/0000-0001-5720-6649; Xu,
Shanqing/0000-0002-1301-9988
FU Australian Research Council [DP140100213, LP140100607]
FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council (DP140100213
and LP140100607).
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NR 217
TC 79
Z9 81
U1 144
U2 350
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-9612
EI 1878-5905
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 83
BP 127
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.012
PG 15
GA DF9AD
UT WOS:000371651700011
PM 26773669
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Beese, AM
Carroll, BE
AF Beese, Allison M.
Carroll, Beth E.
TI Review of Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Made by Laser-Based
Additive Manufacturing Using Powder Feedstock
SO JOM
LA English
DT Review
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; BIOMEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY; COMPONENTS; FATIGUE; DUCTILITY;
PARTS; FABRICATION
AB Laser-based additive manufacturing (AM) of metals using powder feedstock can be
accomplished via two broadly defined technologies: directed energy deposition (DED)
and powder bed fusion (PBF). In these processes, metallic powder is delivered to a
location and locally melted with a laser heat source. Upon deposition, the material
undergoes a rapid cooling and solidification, and as subsequent layers are added to
the component, the material within the component is subjected to rapid thermal
cycles. In order to adopt AM for the building of structural components, a thorough
understanding of the relationships among the complex thermal cycles seen in AM, the
unique heterogeneous and anisotropic microstructure, and the mechanical properties
must be developed. Researchers have fabricated components by both DED and PBF from
the widely used titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and studied the resultant microstructure
and mechanical properties. This review article discusses the progress to date on
investigating the as-deposited and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical
properties of Ti-6Al-4V structures made by powder-based laser AM using DED and PBF.
C1 [Beese, Allison M.; Carroll, Beth E.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802
USA.
RP Beese, AM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM beese@matse.psu.edu
OI Beese, Allison/0000-0002-7022-3387
Science Foundation through Award Number CMMI-1402978. Any opinions,
National Science Foundation.
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NR 60
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 18
U2 120
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 724
EP 734
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1759-z
PG 11
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Seifi, M
Salem, A
Beuth, J
Harrysson, O
Lewandowski, JJ
AF Seifi, Mohsen
Salem, Ayman
Beuth, Jack
Harrysson, Ola
TI Overview of Materials Qualification Needs for Metal Additive
Manufacturing
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TI-6AL-4V; ORIENTATION; EBM
AB This overview highlights some of the key aspects regarding materials
qualification needs across the additive manufacturing (AM) spectrum. AM technology
has experienced considerable publicity and growth in the past few years with many
successful insertions for non-mission-critical applications. However, to meet the
full potential that AM has to offer, especially for flight-critical components
(e.g., rotating parts, fracture-critical parts, etc.), qualification and
certification efforts are necessary. While development of qualification standards
will address some of these needs, this overview outlines some of the other key
areas that will need to be considered in the qualification path, including various
process-, microstructure-, and fracture-modeling activities in addition to
integrating these with lifing activities targeting specific components. Ongoing
work in the Advanced Manufacturing and Mechanical Reliability Center at Case
Western Reserve University is focusing on fracture and fatigue testing to rapidly
assess critical mechanical properties of some titanium alloys before and after
post-processing, in addition to conducting nondestructive testing/evaluation using
micro-computerized tomography at General Electric. Process mapping studies are
being conducted at Carnegie Mellon University while large area microstructure
characterization and informatics (EBSD and BSE) analyses are being conducted at
Materials Resources LLC to enable future integration of these efforts via an
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering approach to AM. Possible future
pathways for materials qualification are provided.
[Salem, Ayman] Mat Resources LLC, Dayton, OH USA.
[Beuth, Jack] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Harrysson, Ola] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695
USA.
RP Seifi, M (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
EM mohsen.seifi@case.edu
RI Lewandowski, John/S-3815-2017; Seifi, Mohsen/J-5098-2012
OI Lewandowski, John/0000-0002-3389-2637; Seifi,
Mohsen/0000-0001-8385-2337; Salem, Ayman/0000-0003-0907-1502
FU National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute: "Rapid
Processes'' [4009, FA8650-12-2-7230]; NAVAIR SBIR "Adaptive
Microstructure-Based Approach for Rapid Qualification
FX This work was partly supported by America Makes, the National Additive
Manufacturing Innovation Institute, under Project No. 4009: "Rapid
Processes'' through Contract No. FA8650-12-2-7230 and it is highly
appreciated. Additional support was provided by two ASTM International
Scholarship Awards (M. Seifi) and the Armington Professorship (J. J.
Lewandowski). Various discussions with academic team members as well as
industrial partners and government laboratories during monthly webinars
are appreciated. These include four other university partners (NCSU,
CMU, U of L, and WSU), five industrial partners (Lockheed Martin, Pratt
& Whitney, GE, Kennametal, and Bayer) and two government laboratories
(ORNL and NIST). M. Seifi appreciates various discussions with ASTMF
42/E08/E07 committee members. A. Salem and EBSD work are supported under
a NAVAIR SBIR "Adaptive Microstructure-Based Approach for Rapid
Qualification by Similarity of Ti-6Al-4V Parts Manufactured by Additive
Manufacturing (AM) Techniques'' under Contract No. N6833515C0209. The
help of Dr. Daniel Satko of MRL in generating large-scale EBSD data is
appreciated. The tomography analysis shown in Fig. 13 was conducted by
Ms. Whitney Yetter at GE Inspection Technologies while the tomography
analysis shown in Fig. 14 was conducted by Mr. Daniel Rankin at YXLON, a
division of COMET Technologies, Inc.
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Wu YT, 2002, AIAA J, V40, P937, DOI 10.2514/2.1730
[Anonymous], 2015, 4049 AM MAK
[Anonymous], 2011, MAT GENOME INITIATIV
[Anonymous], 2015, 4028 AM MAK
NR 67
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 15
U2 68
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 747
EP 764
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1810-0
PG 18
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100006
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Cunningham, R
Narra, SP
Ozturk, T
Beuth, J
Rollett, AD
AF Cunningham, Ross
Narra, Sneha P.
Ozturk, Tugce
Beuth, Jack
Rollett, A. D.
TI Evaluating the Effect of Processing Parameters on Porosity in Electron
Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V via Synchrotron X-ray Microtomography
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; FABRICATION;
DENSITY
AB Electron beam melting (EBM) is one of the subsets of direct metal additive
manufacturing (AM), an emerging manufacturing method that fabricates metallic parts
directly from a three-dimensional (3D) computer model by the successive melting of
powder layers. This family of technologies has seen significant growth in recent
years due to its potential to manufacture complex components with shorter lead
times, reduced material waste and minimal post-processing as a "near-net-shape"
process, making it of particular interest to the biomedical and aerospace
industries. The popular titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V has been the focus of multiple
studies due to its importance to these two industries, which can be attributed to
its high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance. While previous research
has found that most tensile properties of EBM Ti-6Al-4V meet or exceed conventional
manufacturing standards, fatigue properties have been consistently inferior due to
a significant presence of porosity. Studies have shown that adjusting processing
parameters can reduce overall porosity; however, they frequently utilize methods
that give insufficient information to properly characterize the porosity (e.g.,
Archimedes' method). A more detailed examination of the result of process parameter
adjustments on the size and spatial distribution of gas porosity was performed
utilizing synchrotron-based x-ray microtomography with a minimum feature resolution
of 1.5 A mu m. Cross-sectional melt pool area was varied systematically via process
mapping. Increasing melt pool area through the speed function variable was observed
to significantly reduce porosity in the part.
C1 [Cunningham, Ross; Ozturk, Tugce; Rollett, A. D.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Narra, Sneha P.; Beuth, Jack] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213 USA.
RP Cunningham, R (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM rwcunnin@andrew.cmu.edu
RI Ozturk, Tugce/E-9317-2016; Rollett, Anthony/A-4096-2012
OI Ozturk, Tugce/0000-0001-5040-5821; Rollett, Anthony/0000-0003-4445-2191;
Narra, Sneha Prabha/0000-0002-5947-4900
FU America Makes [FA8650-12-2-7230]; National Science Foundation
[CMMI-1335298]
FX The authors acknowledge America Makes for providing funding for this
research under the project entitled "A Database Relating Powder
Properties to Process Outcomes for Direct Metal AM,'' Award Number
FA8650-12-2-7230, and the National Science Foundation for providing
funding under Grant CMMI-1335298. They would also like to thank Dr.
Xianghui Xiao and the rest of the 2-BM beamline staff at the Advanced
Photon Source for assisting in the acquisition of the synchrotron
tomography data, and North Carolina State and Dr. Ron Aman for assisting
with the sample fabrication.
0397-x
Bernhardt R, 2004, Eur Cell Mater, V7, P42
Beuth J, 2001, JOM-J MIN MET MAT S, V53, P36, DOI 10.1007/s11837-001-0067-y
De Chiffre L, 2014, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V63, P655, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2014.05.011
Fox J., 2015, TRANSIENT MELT POOL
5093(98)00656-X
Gockel J., 2014, THESIS CARNEGIE MELL
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Leonard F., 2012, C IND COMP TOM ICT
Magnusen PE, 1997, INT J FATIGUE, V19, P275
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Ng GKL, 2009, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V97, P641, DOI 10.1007/s00339-009-5266-3
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Xu ZQ, 2012, METALL MATER TRANS A, V43A, P2763, DOI 10.1007/s11661-011-0947-x
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 15
U2 69
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 765
EP 771
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1802-0
PG 7
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sridharan, N
Chaudhary, A
Nandwana, P
Babu, SS
AF Sridharan, Niyanth
Chaudhary, Anil
Nandwana, Peeyush
Babu, Sudarsanam Suresh
TI Texture Evolution During Laser Direct Metal Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID ALPHA-PHASE TRANSFORMATION; VARIANT SELECTION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION;
MELTED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOY; BETA
AB Titanium alloys are used in a wide variety of high-performance applications and
hence the processing of titanium and the resulting microstructures after additive
manufacturing has received significant attention. During additive manufacturing,
the processing route involves the transition from a liquid to solid state. The
addition of successive layers results in a complex microstructure due to solid-
state transformations. The current study focuses on understanding the phase
transformations and relate them to the transformation texture in Ti-6Al-4V to
identify conditions leading to a strong alpha transformation texture. The as-
deposited builds were characterized using optical microscopy and electron
backscattered diffraction. The results showed columnar prior beta grains with a
martensitic structure after the deposition of a single layer. On subsequent
depositions, the martensitic microstructure decomposed to a colony and basketweave
microstructure with a stronger transformation texture. The alpha texture with a
colony and basketweave microstructure showed a stronger transformation texture as a
result of variant selection. Thus, by controlling the cooling rate of the build
from the beta transus, it is possible to control the alpha transformation texture.
C1 [Sridharan, Niyanth; Babu, Sudarsanam Suresh] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp &
Biomed Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Chaudhary, Anil] Appl Optimizat, 714 East Monument Ave,Suite 204, Dayton, OH
45402 USA.
[Sridharan, Niyanth; Nandwana, Peeyush; Babu, Sudarsanam Suresh] Oak Ridge Natl
Lab, Mfg Demonstrat Facil, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Sridharan, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mech Aerosp & Biomed Engn,
Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.; Sridharan, N (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Mfg
Demonstrat Facil, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM niyanth.sridharan@gmail.com
OI Nandwana, Peeyush/0000-0002-5147-1668
FU US Navy Small Business Innovation Research program; U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced
Manufacturing Office [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; UT-Battelle, LLC; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,
Vehicle Technologies Program
FX The authors would like to thank the US Navy Small Business Innovation
Research program for financial support. This Research was sponsored the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725
with UT-Battelle, LLC. This research at the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory's High Temperature Materials Laboratory was sponsored by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, Vehicle Technologies Program.
0397-x
Bache M.R., 2001, INT J FATIGUE, V23, P153
x
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.155
Kelly S.M., 2002, THESIS VIRGINIA POLY
Semiatin S.L., 2001, SOLID FREEFORM FABRI, V6
Lee E, 2007, PHILOS MAG, V87, P3615, DOI 10.1080/14786430701373672
Lonardelli I, 2007, ACTA MATER, V55, P5718, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.06.017
Makiewicz K. T., 2013, THESIS OHIO STATE U
Prabhu A.W., 2014, THESIS OHIO STATE U
Randle V., 2000, INTRO TEXTURE ANAL M
2218-0
Stanford N, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P5215, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2004.07.034
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 772
EP 777
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1797-6
PG 6
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YY
Gulizia, S
Oh, CH
Fraser, D
Leary, M
Yang, YF
Qian, M
AF Sun, Y. Y.
Gulizia, S.
Oh, C. H.
Fraser, D.
Leary, M.
Yang, Y. F.
Qian, M.
TI The Influence of As-Built Surface Conditions on Mechanical Properties of
Ti-6Al-4V Additively Manufactured by Selective Electron Beam Melting
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID DENTAL IMPLANTS; TITANIUM; ALLOYS
AB Achieving a high surface finish is a major challenge for most current metal
additive manufacturing processes. We report the first quantitative study of the
influence of as-built surface conditions on the tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V
produced by selective electron beam melting (SEBM) in order to better understand
the SEBM process. Tensile ductility was doubled along with noticeable improvements
in tensile strengths after surface modification of the SEBM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V by
chemical etching. The fracture surfaces of tensile specimens with different surface
conditions were characterised and correlated with the tensile properties obtained.
The removal of a 650-mu m-thick surface layer by chemical etching was shown to be
necessary to eliminate the detrimental influence of surface defects on mechanical
properties. The experimental results and analyses underline the necessity to modify
the surfaces of SEBM-fabricated components for structural applications,
particularly for those components which contain complex internal concave and convex
surfaces and channels.
C1 [Sun, Y. Y.; Leary, M.; Yang, Y. F.; Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg, Sch
Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
[Gulizia, S.; Oh, C. H.; Fraser, D.] CSIRO, Mfg Flagship, Melbourne, Vic 3168,
Australia.
RP Qian, M (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn,
Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
EM ma.qian@rmit.edu.au
FU China Scholarship Council (CSC); Australian Research Council (ARC)
[DP150104719]
FX Y.Y. Sun acknowledges the support of the China Scholarship Council (CSC)
for a CSC scholarship. M. Qian acknowledges the support of the
Australian Research Council (ARC) through the Discovery Project Grant of
DP150104719. Useful discussions with Prof. H.P. Tang, Director of the
State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for
Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, China, are acknowledged.
CR [Anonymous], B4612009 ASME
BAO Y, 2008, J MANUF PROCESS, V10, P56
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NR 22
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 791
EP 798
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1768-y
PG 8
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sahasrabudhe, H
Bandyopadhyay, A
AF Sahasrabudhe, Himanshu
Bandyopadhyay, Amit
TI Additive Manufacturing of Reactive In Situ Zr Based Ultra-High
Temperature Ceramic Composites
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER; ZIRCONIUM; TITANIUM; MICROSTRUCTURE;
FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; METALS; ALLOYS; COCRMO
AB Reactive in situ multi-material additive manufacturing of ZrB2-based ultra-high-
temperature ceramics in a Zr metal matrix was demonstrated using LENS (TM). Sound
metallurgical bonding was achieved between the Zr metal and Zr-BN composites with
Ti6Al4V substrate. Though the feedstock Zr power had alpha phase, LENS (TM)
processing of the Zr powder and Zr-BN premix powder mixture led to the formation of
some beta phase of Zr. Microstructure of the Zr-BN composite showed primary grains
of zirconium diboride phase in zirconium metal matrix. The presence of ZrB2 ceramic
phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Hardness of pure Zr was
measured as 280 +/- A 12 HV and, by increasing the BN content in the feedstock, the
hardness was found to increase. In Zr-5%BN composite, the hardness was 421 +/- A 10
HV and the same for Zr-10%BN composite was 562 +/- A 10 HV. It is envisioned that
such multi-materials additive manufacturing will enable products in the future that
cannot be manufactured using traditional approaches particularly in the areas of
high-temperature metal-ceramic composites with compositional and functional
gradation.
C1 [Sahasrabudhe, Himanshu; Bandyopadhyay, Amit] Washington State Univ, Sch Mech &
Mat Engn, WM Keck Biomed Mat Res Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Bandyopadhyay, A (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Mech & Mat Engn,
WM Keck Biomed Mat Res Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM amitband@wsu.edu
OI Bandyopadhyay, Amit/0000-0003-0992-5387
FU Joint Center for Aerospace Technological Innovation (JCATI), WA;
National Science Foundation [CMMI 1538851]; W. M. Keck Foundation; M. J.
Murdock Charitable Trust
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Joint Center for
Aerospace Technological Innovation (JCATI), WA, and the National Science
Foundation under the Grant Number CMMI 1538851. Authors also acknowledge
the financial support from W. M. Keck Foundation and M. J. Murdock
Charitable Trust towards establishing the Biomedical Materials Research
Laboratory at WSU. Authors would like to thank Dr. Thomas Williams,
School of Geological Sciences of the University of Idaho (Moscow, ID)
for help with XRD. The authors would also like to acknowledge
experimental support from Ryan Harrison.
[Anonymous], 2012, F279212A ASTM INT
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NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 822
EP 830
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1777-x
PG 9
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100014
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Schloth, P
Van Petegem, S
Fife, JL
Grolimund, D
Menzel, A
Van Swygenhoven, H
Leinenbach, C
AF Kenel, C.
Schloth, P.
Van Petegem, S.
Fife, J. L.
Grolimund, D.
Menzel, A.
Van Swygenhoven, H.
Leinenbach, C.
TI In Situ Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction and Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
Studies on Rapidly Heated and Cooled Ti-Al and Al-Cu-Mg Alloys Using
Laser-Based Heating
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID COOLING RATE; SOLIDIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; POWDER
AB Beam-based additive manufacturing (AM) typically involves high cooling rates in
a range of 10(3)-10(4) K/s. Therefore, new techniques are required to understand
the non-equilibrium evolution of materials at appropriate time scales. Most
technical alloys have not been optimized for such rapid solidification, and
microstructural, phase, and elemental solubility behavior can be very different. In
this work, the combination of complementary in situ synchrotron micro-x-ray
diffraction (microXRD) and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) studies with laser-
based heating and rapid cooling is presented as an approach to study alloy behavior
under processing conditions similar to AM techniques. In rapidly solidified Ti-
48Al, the full solidification and phase transformation sequences are observed using
microXRD with high temporal resolution. The high cooling rates are achieved by fast
heat extraction. Further, the temperature- and cooling rate-dependent precipitation
of sub-nanometer clusters in an Al-Cu-Mg alloy can be studied by SAXS. The
sensitivity of SAXS on the length scales of the newly formed phases allows their
size and fraction to be determined. These techniques are unique tools to help
provide a deeper understanding of underlying alloy behavior and its influence on
resulting microstructures and properties after AM. Their availability to materials
scientists is crucial for both in-depth investigations of novel alloys and also
future production of high-quality parts using AM.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Leinenbach, C.] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Uberlandstr
[Schloth, P.; Van Petegem, S.; Fife, J. L.; Grolimund, D.; Menzel, A.; Van
Swygenhoven, H.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen,
Switzerland.
[Schloth, P.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, STI IMX LSMX, CH-1015 Lausanne,
Switzerland.
[Van Swygenhoven, H.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, STI IMX NXMM, CH-1015
Lausanne, Switzerland.
EM christian.leinenbach@empa.ch
RI Grolimund, Daniel/O-3127-2017; Menzel, Andreas/C-4388-2012; Van Petegem,
Steven/E-9807-2016
OI Grolimund, Daniel/0000-0001-9721-7940; Menzel,
Andreas/0000-0002-0489-609X; Van Petegem, Steven/0000-0002-3015-7725;
Leinenbach, Christian/0000-0003-0435-495X
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NR 20
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 3
BP 978
EP 984
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1774-0
PG 7
GA DF4BK
UT WOS:000371292100033
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sing, SL
An, J
Yeong, WY
Wiria, FE
AF Sing, Swee Leong
An, Jia
Yeong, Wai Yee
TI Laser and electron-beam powder-bed additive manufacturing of metallic
implants: A review on processes, materials and designs
SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE additive manufacturing; 3D printing; rapid prototyping; selective laser
melting; electron beam melting
ID FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; RAPID PROTOTYPING
TECHNIQUES; C18400 COPPER ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM
IMPLANTS; MELTING PROCESS; INTERFACIAL CHARACTERIZATION; SURFACE
MODIFICATIONS; TRABECULAR TITANIUM
AB Additive manufacturing (AM), also commonly known as 3D printing, allows the
direct fabrication of functional parts with complex shapes from digital models. In
this review, the current progress of two AM processes suitable for metallic
orthopaedic implant applications, namely selective laser melting (SLM) and electron
beam melting (EBM) are presented. Several critical design factors such as the need
for data acquisition for patient-specific design, design dependent porosity for
osteo-inductive implants, surface topology of the implants and design for reduction
of stress-shielding in implants are discussed. Additive manufactured biomaterials
such as 316L stainless steel, titanium-6aluminium-4vanadium (Ti6Al4V) and cobalt-
chromium (CoCr) are highlighted. Limitations and future potential of such
technologies are also explored. (c) 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by
Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:369-385, 2016.
C1 [Sing, Swee Leong; Yeong, Wai Yee; Wiria, Florencia Edith] Nanyang Technol Univ,
SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit Mfg 3D, HW3-01-01,65A Nanyang Dr, Singapore 637333,
Singapore.
[Sing, Swee Leong; An, Jia; Yeong, Wai Yee] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech &
Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, HW1-01-05,2A Nanyang Link, Singapore
637372, Singapore.
[Wiria, Florencia Edith] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 71 Nanyang Dr, Singapore
638075, Singapore.
author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D,
HW1-01-05,2A Nanyang Link, Singapore 637372, Singapore.
EM wyyeong@ntu.edu.sg
RI Sing, Swee Leong/M-3270-2014; Yeong, Wai Yee/G-2655-2013
OI Sing, Swee Leong/0000-0002-3980-6605; Yeong, Wai Yee/0000-0003-3640-0877
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NR 131
TC 77
Z9 80
U1 86
U2 414
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
SN 0736-0266
EI 1554-527X
J9 J ORTHOP RES
JI J. Orthop. Res.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 34
IS 3
BP 369
EP 385
DI 10.1002/jor.23075
PG 17
WC Orthopedics
SC Orthopedics
GA DF5UT
UT WOS:000371418700001
PM 26488900
OA gold
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ramsperger, M
Singer, RF
Korner, C
AF Ramsperger, Markus
Singer, Robert F.
Koerner, Carolin
TI Microstructure of the Nickel-Base Superalloy CMSX-4 Fabricated by
Selective Electron Beam Melting
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLUTION HEAT-TREATMENT; SINGLE-CRYSTAL BLADES; DIRECTIONAL
SOLIDIFICATION; CELLULAR TITANIUM; GRAIN-STRUCTURE; GAS-TURBINES;
BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS
AB Powder bed-based additive manufacturing (AM) processes are characterized by very
high-temperature gradients and solidification rates. These conditions lead to
microstructures orders of magnitude smaller than in conventional casting processes.
Especially in the field of high performance alloys, like nickel-base superalloys,
this opens new opportunities for homogenization and alloy development.
Nevertheless, the high susceptibility to cracking of precipitation-hardenable
superalloys is a challenge for AM. In this study, electron beam-based AM is used to
fabricate samples from gas-atomized pre-alloyed CMSX-4 powder. The influence of the
processing strategy on crack formation is investigated. The samples are
characterized by optical and SEM microscopy and analyzed by microprobe analysis.
Differential scanning calorimetry is used to demonstrate the effect of the fine
microstructure on characteristic temperatures. In addition, in situ heat treatment
effects are investigated. (C) The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with
open access at Springerlink.com
C1 [Ramsperger, Markus; Singer, Robert F.; Koerner, Carolin] Univ Erlangen
Nurnberg, Chair Met Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen,
Germany.
RP Ramsperger, M (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Chair Met Sci & Technol,
Dept Mat Sci, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
EM markus.ramsperger@zmp.uni-erlangen.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG); Collaborative Research Center 103
project B2
FX The German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Collaborative Research
Center 103 project B2 are thankfully acknowledged for the financial
support. We also thank Sabine Michel for the microprobe mappings.
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NR 32
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 8
U2 49
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 47A
IS 3
BP 1469
EP 1480
DI 10.1007/s11661-015-3300-y
PG 12
Engineering
GA DF4HI
UT WOS:000371308200045
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Simoneau, C
Brailovski, V
Terriault, P
AF Simoneau, C.
Brailovski, V.
Terriault, P.
TI Design, manufacture and tensile properties of stochastic porous metallic
structures
SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stochastic porous open-cell structures; Additive manufacturing; Porosity
gradient; Medical applications; Representative Volume Element; Finite
Element Analysis
ID REPRESENTATIVE VOLUME ELEMENT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR;
TITANIUM; FOAMS; BONE; BIOMATERIALS; IMPLANTS; POWDER; SIZE
AB An original methodology was proposed to design, manufacture and test stochastic
porous open-cell structures for medical applications. The first phase of the design
procedure consisted in the numerical determination of the minimum representative
size of the porous gauge section of testing specimens. Next, porosity gradients
between the porous gauge section and the fully dense grip extremities of the
specimens were created. The tensile specimens with porosities of 0.30, 0.40 and
0.50 were then produced using cobalt-chromium alloy powders and the Selective Laser
Melting (SLM) technology. Finally, the specimens were subjected to uniaxial tension
to failure to allow the determination of their stiffness and mechanical strength.
The elastic response of these specimens in the central gauge section and the
porosity gradient zones were in line with our numerical predictions and the
literature data. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Simoneau, C.; Brailovski, V.; Terriault, P.] Ecole Technol Super, Dept Mech
Engn, 1100 Notre Dame St West, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada.
RP Terriault, P (reprint author), Ecole Technol Super, Dept Mech Engn, 1100 Notre
Dame St West, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada.
EM patrick.terriault@etsmtl.ca
FU Fonds de developpement de l'ETS (FDETS); Fonds de recherche du Quebec -
Nature et Technologies (FRQ-NT); Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
FX The authors would like to credit the Fonds de developpement de l'ETS
(FDETS), Fonds de recherche du Quebec - Nature et Technologies (FRQ-NT)
and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC) for their financial support.
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NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 35
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-6636
EI 1872-7743
J9 MECH MATER
JI Mech. Mater.
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 94
BP 26
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.mechmat.2015.11.010
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
GA DD7KG
UT WOS:000370102600002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hedayati, R
Hosseini-Toudeshky, H
Sadighi, M
Mohammadi-Aghdam, M
Zadpoor, AA
AF Hedayati, R.
Hosseini-Toudeshky, H.
Sadighi, M.
Mohammadi-Aghdam, M.
Zadpoor, A. A.
TI Computational prediction of the fatigue behavior of additively
manufactured porous metallic biomaterials
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatigue behavior; Finite element; Porous titanium; Additive
manufacturing
ID GROUND-REACTION FORCE; OPEN-CELL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; UNIT-CELL;
COMPRESSION FATIGUE; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; TITANIUM IMPLANTS; DAMAGE
MECHANICS; ELASTIC-MODULUS; ALUMINUM FOAMS
AB The mechanical behavior of additively manufactured porous biomaterials has
recently received increasing attention. While there is a relatively large body of
data available on the static mechanical properties of such biomaterials, their
fatigue behavior is not yet well-understood. That is partly because systematic
study of the fatigue behavior of these porous biomaterials is time-consuming and
expensive due to the large number of involved factors. In the current study, we
propose a computational approach based on finite element method that could be used
to predict the fatigue behavior of porous biomaterials given their type of
repeating unit cell, dimensions of the unit cell, and S-N curve of the parent
material. We applied the proposed approach to predict the fatigue behavior of
porous titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) biomaterials manufactured using selective laser
melting based on the rhombic dodecahedron unit cell and compared our computational
results with experimental observations from one of our recent studies. The
evolution of the displacement, elastic modulus, and number of failed struts vs. the
number of loading cycle followed a two-stage pattern. In the first stage, there was
a relatively slow rate of change in the above-mentioned variables, while they
changed very rapidly in the second stage. That compares to the behavior observed in
our experimental study. The computationally predicted S-N curve well matched the
experimental observations for stress levels not exceeding 60% of the yield stress
of the porous structures. For higher stress levels, the presented approach
substantially underestimated the fatigue life of the porous structures. The effects
of the irregularities caused by the additive manufacturing process on the fatigue
behavior of the porous structures were also studied. It was found that those
irregularities substantially decrease the fatigue life particularly for lower
stress levels. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hedayati, R.; Sadighi, M.; Mohammadi-Aghdam, M.] Amirkabir Univ Technol, Dept
Mech Engn, Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.
[Hedayati, R.; Zadpoor, A. A.] Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Fac Mech Maritime &
Mat Engn, Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
[Hosseini-Toudeshky, H.] Amirkabir Univ Technol, Dept Aerosp Engn, Hafez Ave,
Tehran, Iran.
RP Hedayati, R (reprint author), Amirkabir Univ Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Hafez Ave,
Tehran, Iran.; Hedayati, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol TU Delft, Fac Mech
Maritime & Mat Engn, Dept Biomech Engn, Mekelweg 2, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
EM r.hedayati@tudelft.nl
RI Zadpoor, Amir A/A-8510-2008; Hedayati, Reza/F-8806-2014
OI Hedayati, Reza/0000-0002-4806-3970; Zadpoor, Amir
Abbas/0000-0003-3234-2112; Aghdam, M./0000-0003-3403-0307
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NR 51
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 6
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0142-1123
EI 1879-3452
J9 INT J FATIGUE
JI Int. J. Fatigue
PD MAR
PY 2016
VL 84
BP 67
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2015.11.017
PG 13
GA DC9SG
UT WOS:000369560700008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zargarian, A
Esfahanian, M
Kadkhodapour, J
Ziaei-Rad, S
AF Zargarian, A.
Esfahanian, M.
Kadkhodapour, J.
Ziaei-Rad, S.
TI Numerical simulation of the fatigue behavior of additive manufactured
titanium porous lattice structures
LA English
DT Article
DE Finite element; Fatigue; Additive manufacturing; Cellular solids;
Ti6Al4V ELI
ID COMPRESSION-COMPRESSION FATIGUE; CELL ALUMINUM FOAMS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CRACK PROPAGATION; MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
BIOMATERIALS; METALS; ALLOY; PERFORMANCE; FABRICATION
AB In this paper, the effects of cell geometry and relative density on the high-
cycle fatigue behavior of Titanium scaffolds produced by selective laser melting
and electron beam melting techniques were numerically investigated by finite
element analysis. The regular titanium lattice samples with three different unit
cell geometries, namely, diamond, rhombic dodecahedron and truncated cuboctahedron,
and the relative density range of 0.1-03 were analyzed under uniaxial cyclic
compressive loading. A failure event based algorithm was employed to simulate
fatigue failure in the cellular material. Stress-life approach was used to model
fatigue failure of both bulk (struts) and cellular material. The predicted fatigue
life and the damage pattern of all three structures were found to be in good
agreement with the experimental fatigue investigations published in the literature.
The results also showed that the relationship between fatigue strength and cycles
to failure obeyed the power law. The coefficient of power function was shown to
depend on relative density, geometry and fatigue properties of the bulk material
while the exponent was only dependent on the fatigue behavior of the bulk material.
The results also indicated the failure surface at an angle of 45 to the loading
direction. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zargarian, A.; Esfahanian, M.; Ziaei-Rad, S.] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Mech
Engn, Esfahan 8415683111, Iran.
[Kadkhodapour, J.] Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tehran,
Iran.
[Kadkhodapour, J.] Univ Stuttgart, Inst Mat Testing Mat Sci & Strength Mat IMWF,
D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Kadkhodapour, J (reprint author), Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training Univ, Dept Mech
Engn, Tehran, Iran.
EM j.kad@srttu.edu
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NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 20
U2 121
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0928-4931
EI 1873-0191
PD MAR 1
PY 2016
VL 60
BP 339
EP 347
DI 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.054
PG 9
GA DC4QF
UT WOS:000369204700040
PM 26706539
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sterling, AJ
Torries, B
Shamsaei, N
Thompson, SM
Seely, DW
AF Sterling, Amanda J.
Torries, Brian
Shamsaei, Nima
Thompson, Scott M.
Seely, Denver W.
TI Fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of direct laser deposited
Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Fatigue; Additive manufacturing; Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS);
Ti-6Al-4V; Titanium; Microstructure
ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; IMPLANTS; MICROSTRUCTURES; TITANIUM; ALLOY
AB In order for additive-manufactured parts to become more widely utilized and
trusted in application, it is important to have their mechanical properties well-
characterized and certified. The fatigue behavior and failure mechanisms of Ti-6Al-
4V specimens fabricated using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS), a Direct Laser
Deposition (DLD) additive manufacturing (AM) process, are investigated in this
study. A series of fully-reversed strain-controlled fatigue tests is conducted on
Ti-6Al-4V specimens manufactured via LENS in their as-built and heat-treated
conditions. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to examine the fracture
surfaces of fatigue specimens to qualify the failure mechanism, crack initiation
sites, and defects such as porosity. Due to the relatively high localized heating
and cooling rates experienced during DLD, fabricated parts are observed to possess
anisotropic microstructures, and thus, different mechanical properties than those
of their traditionally-manufactured wrought counterparts. The fatigue lives of the
investigated LENS specimens were found to be shorter than those of wrought
specimens, and porosity was found to be the primary contributor to these shorter
fatigue lives, with the exception of the heat-treated LENS samples. The presence of
pores promotes more unpredictable fatigue behavior, as evidenced by data scatter.
Pore shape, size, location, and number were found to impact the fatigue behavior of
the as-built and annealed DLD parts. As porosity seems to be the main contributor
to the fatigue behavior of DLD parts, it is important to optimize the manufacturing
process and design parameters to minimize and control pore generation during the
build. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sterling, Amanda J.; Torries, Brian; Shamsaei, Nima; Thompson, Scott M.]
Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Box 9552, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Shamsaei, Nima; Thompson, Scott M.; Seely, Denver W.] Mississippi State Univ,
CAVS, Box 5405, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Shamsaei, N (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Box 9552,
Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM shamsaei@me.msstate.edu
OI Thompson, Scott M./0000-0002-8807-1430
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10.1016/j.msea.2015.07.056
NR 43
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 15
U2 65
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD FEB 8
PY 2016
VL 655
BP 100
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.12.026
PG 13
GA DD7KJ
UT WOS:000370103000012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, DJ
Cheng, A
Kahn, A
Aviram, M
Whitehead, AJ
Hyzy, SL
Clohessy, RM
Boyan, BD
Schwartz, Z
AF Cohen, D. J.
Cheng, A.
Kahn, A.
Aviram, M.
Whitehead, A. J.
Hyzy, S. L.
Clohessy, R. M.
Boyan, B. D.
Schwartz, Z.
TI Novel Osteogenic Ti-6Al-4V Device For Restoration Of Dental Function In
Patients With Large Bone Deficiencies: Design, Development And
Implementation
LA English
DT Article
ID MICRO COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; OSTEOBLAST LINEAGE CELLS; VANADIUM ALLOY
SURFACES; TITANIUM SURFACE; DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE; EDENTULOUS PATIENTS;
COMPLETE DENTURES; IN-VITRO; IMPLANTS; ROUGHNESS
AB Custom devices supporting bone regeneration and implant placement are needed for
edentulous patients with large mandibular deficiencies where endosteal implantation
is not possible. We developed a novel subperiosteal titanium-aluminum-vanadium bone
onlay device produced by additive manufacturing (AM) and post-fabrication
osteogenic micro-/nano-scale surface texture modification. Human osteoblasts
produced osteogenic and angiogenic factors when grown on laser-sintered
nano-/micro-textured surfaces compared to smooth surfaces. Surface-processed
constructs caused higher bone-to-implant contact, vertical bone growth into disk
pores (microCT and histomorphometry), and mechanical pull-out force at 5 and 10 w
on rat calvaria compared to non surface-modified constructs, even when pre-treating
the bone to stimulate osteogenesis. Surface-modified wrap-implants placed around
rabbit tibias osseointegrated by 6 w. Finally, patient-specific constructs designed
to support dental implants produced via AM and surface-processing were implanted on
edentulous mandibular bone. 3 and 8 month post-operative images showed new bone
formation and osseointegration of the device and indicated stability of the dental
implants.
C1 [Cohen, D. J.; Whitehead, A. J.; Hyzy, S. L.; Clohessy, R. M.; Boyan, B. D.;
Schwartz, Z.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Richmond, VA USA.
[Cheng, A.; Boyan, B. D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed
[Cheng, A.; Boyan, B. D.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Cheng, A.] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Kahn, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, IL-69978 Tel Aviv,
Israel.
[Aviram, M.] Tipul Behiuch Private Clin, Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Schwartz, Z.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Periodont, San Antonio,
TX 78229 USA.
RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biomed Engn,
Richmond, VA USA.; Boyan, BD (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H
Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Boyan, BD (reprint author), Emory
Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM bboyan@vcu.edu
FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of
the National Institutes of Health [AR052102]; AB Dental; National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Charles P. Cartin, Director of the
Biomechanics Core Lab at Virginia Commonwealth University for his help
in conducting the mechanical testing. Research reported in this
publication was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and
Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health
under Award Number AR052102. The content is solely the responsibility of
the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the
National Institutes of Health. The study was also funded by AB Dental;
in addition, AB Dental supplied materials for the study. DBX was
provided as a gift from the Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. AC is
supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship.
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NR 36
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 19
PI LONDON
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD FEB 8
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 20493
DI 10.1038/srep20493
PG 12
GA DD0CV
UT WOS:000369588800001
PM 26854193
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Strantza, M
Vafadari, R
de Baere, D
Vrancken, B
van Paepegem, W
Vandendael, I
Terryn, H
Guillaume, P
van Hemelrijck, D
AF Strantza, Maria
Vafadari, Reza
de Baere, Dieter
Vrancken, Bey
van Paepegem, Wim
Vandendael, Isabelle
Terryn, Herman
Guillaume, Patrick
van Hemelrijck, Danny
TI Fatigue of Ti6Al4V Structural Health Monitoring Systems Produced by
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE selective laser melting; titanium alloy; structural health monitoring;
fatigue; fractography
ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; RESIDUAL-STRESSES; CONTOUR METHOD; BEHAVIOR;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; SPECIMENS; POWDER
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process which is
used for producing metallic components. Currently, the integrity of components
produced by SLM is in need of improvement due to residual stresses and unknown
fracture behavior. Titanium alloys produced by AM are capable candidates for
applications in aerospace and industrial fields due to their fracture resistance,
fatigue behavior and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, structural health
monitoring (SHM) system technologies are promising and requested from the industry.
SHM systems can monitor the integrity of a structure and during the last decades
the research has primarily been influenced by bionic engineering. In that aspect a
new philosophy for SHM has been developed: the so-called effective structural
health monitoring (eSHM) system. The current system uses the design freedom
provided by AM. The working principle of the system is based on crack detection by
means of a network of capillaries that are integrated in a structure. The main
objective of this research is to evaluate the functionality of Ti6Al4V produced by
the SLM process in the novel SHM system and to confirm that the eSHM system can
successfully detect cracks in SLM components. In this study four-point bending
fatigue tests on Ti6Al4V SLM specimens with an integrated SHM system were
conducted. Fractographic analysis was performed after the final failure, while
finite element simulations were used in order to determine the stress distribution
in the capillary region and on the component. It was proven that the SHM system
does not influence the crack initiation behavior during fatigue. The results
highlight the effectiveness of the eSHM on SLM components, which can potentially be
used by industrial and aerospace applications.
C1 [Strantza, Maria; van Hemelrijck, Danny] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Mat &
Construct, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Vafadari, Reza; van Paepegem, Wim] Univ Ghent, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, B-9000
Ghent, Belgium.
[de Baere, Dieter; Guillaume, Patrick] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Engn, B-
1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Vrancken, Bey] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Mat Engn, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium.
[Vandendael, Isabelle; Terryn, Herman] Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Electrochem &
Surface Engn, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Strantza, M (reprint author), Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Mech Mat & Construct, B-
1050 Brussels, Belgium.
EM maria.strantza@vub.ac.be; reza.vafadari@ugent.be;
dieter.de.baere@vub.ac.be; bey.vrancken@mtm.kuleuven.be;
wim.vanpaepegem@ugent.be; ivddael@vub.ac.be; herman.terryn@vub.ac.be;
patrick.guillaume@vub.ac.be; danny.van.hemelrijck@vub.ac.be
RI VAN PAEPEGEM, Wim/A-1822-2008; Herman, Terryn/A-2255-2013
OI VAN PAEPEGEM, Wim/0000-0003-0672-3675; Herman,
Terryn/0000-0003-2639-5496; Vandendael, Isabelle/0000-0002-5176-3791
FU SBO Project grant : eSHM [110070]; Agency for Innovation by Science and
Technology (IWT)
FX Research funded by an SBO Project grant 110070: eSHM with AM of the
Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT).
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NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 78
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 2
AR 106
DI 10.3390/ma9020106
PG 15
GA DG1KY
UT WOS:000371828100029
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, SL
Qian, M
Tang, HP
Yan, M
Wang, J
StJohn, DH
AF Lu, S. L.
Qian, M.
Tang, H. P.
Yan, M.
Wang, J.
StJohn, D. H.
TI Massive transformation in Ti-6Al-4V additively manufactured by selective
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; Massive transformation; Additive manufacturing; Selective
ID CU-GA ALLOYS; MN-AL ALLOY; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; TI-AG; BETA; KINETICS;
FEATURES; SYSTEMS; PURE; AU
AB The occurrence of the 13 (bcc) to alpha(m) (hcp) massive transformation in Ti-
6Al-4V (wt.%) during additive manufacturing (AM) by selective electron beam melting
(SEBM) has been identified. A variety of patch shaped massive grains including both
grain boundary (GB)-crossing and non-GB-crossing instances were characterised and
their formation temperature and growth rate were estimated. In contrast to
conventional Ti-6Al-4V, the massive grains in SEBM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V consist of
ultrafine lamellar alpha and beta phases (100 nm wide beta strips) due to in-situ
decomposition of the massive grains during AM. The resulting ultrafine alpha-beta
lamellae obey the typical Burgers orientation relationship established for the
lamellar alpha-beta structure in conventional Ti-6Al-4V. These findings show that
the beta (bcc) to alpha(m) (hcp) massive transformation significantly contributes
to development of the Ti-6Al-4V microstructure during AM by SEBM, providing an
alternative microstructural design strategy for AM of Ti-6Al-4V and other titanium
alloys. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Lu, S. L.] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R China.
[Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic
3000, Australia.
[Lu, S. L.; Qian, M.; Tang, H. P.; Wang, J.] Northwest Inst Nonferrous Met Res,
State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
[Yan, M.] SUSTC, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.
[StJohn, D. H.] Univ Queensland, Sch Mech & Min Engn, Ctr Adv Mat Proc & Mfg,
Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Qian, M (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg,
Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.; Qian, M; Tang, HP (reprint author), Northwest Inst
Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
EM ma.qian@rmit.edu.au; hptang@c-nin.com
OI StJohn, David/0000-0001-5509-265X
FU Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP120101672, DP150104719]; China
National Natural Science Foundation of China [51528401]; China
Scholarship Council (CSC)
FX This work is supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through
DP120101672 and DP150104719 and the China National Natural Science
Foundation of China through the research grant of No.51528401. The
authors acknowledge the Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis at The
University of Queensland, a member of the Australian Microscopy &
Microanalysis Research Facility, for providing access to various
analytical facilities used in this research. S.L. Lu further
acknowledges the scholarship support received from the China Scholarship
Council (CSC).
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NR 37
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 10
U2 55
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB 1
PY 2016
VL 104
BP 303
EP 311
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.11.011
PG 9
Engineering
GA DD1JK
UT WOS:000369677800032
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Easton, MA
Qian, M
Prasad, A
StJohn, DH
AF Easton, M. A.
Qian, M.
Prasad, A.
StJohn, D. H.
TI Recent advances in grain refinement of light metals and alloys
SO CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE Nucleation; Crystal growth; Ultrasonic treatment; Aluminum alloys;
Magnesium alloys; Titanium alloys; Pulsed magneto-oscillation; X-ray
radiography; Additive manufacturing
ID AL-SI ALLOYS; ENHANCED HETEROGENEOUS NUCLEATION; MAGNETO-OSCILLATION
TREATMENT; AMORPHOUS ALUMINUM-ALLOYS; INTENSIVE MELT SHEARING;
DIE-CASTING PROCESS; X-RAY RADIOGRAPHY; MAGNESIUM ALLOYS; SOLUTE
CONTENT; TI-B
AB Grain refinement leads, in general, to a decreased tendency to hot tearing, a
more dispersed and refined porosity distribution, and improved directional feeding
characteristics during solidification. Reduced as cast grain size can also lead to
improved mechanical properties and wrought processing by reducing the
recrystallized grain size and achieving a fully recrystallized microstructure. It
is now well established that the two key factors controlling grain refinement are
the nucleant particles including their potency, size distribution and particle
number density, and the rate of development of growth restriction, Q, generated by
the alloy chemistry which establishes the undercooling needed to trigger nucleation
events and facilitates their survival. The theories underpinning our current
understanding of nucleation and grain formation are presented. The application of
the latest theories to the light alloys of Al, Mg and Ti is explored as well as
their applicability to a range of casting and solidification environments. In
addition, processing by the application of physical processes such as external
fields and additive manufacturing is discussed. To conclude, the current challenges
for the development of reliable grain refining technologies for difficult to refine
alloy systems are presented. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Easton, M. A.; Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Melbourne, Vic
3001, Australia.
[Prasad, A.; StJohn, D. H.] Univ Queensland, Sch Mech & Min Engn, Ctr Adv Mat
Proc & Mfg AMPAM, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Easton, MA (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Melbourne,
EM mark.easton@rmit.edu.au; ma.qian@rmit.edu.au; aprasad3@uq.edu.au;
d.stjohn@uq.edu.au
OI StJohn, David/0000-0001-5509-265X
FU ARC Discovery Projects [DP120101672, DP140100702]; Linkage Project
[LP150100950]; ExoMet Project; European Commission's 7th Framework
Programme [FP7-NMP3-LA-2012280421]; European Space Agency
FX The authors acknowledge support from ARC Discovery Projects DP120101672,
DP140100702 and Linkage Project LP150100950 and the ExoMet Project
co-funded by the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme (contract
FP7-NMP3-LA-2012280421), by the European Space Agency and by the
individual partner organisations.
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NR 191
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 23
U2 149
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-0286
EI 1879-0348
J9 CURR OPIN SOLID ST M
JI Curr. Opin. Solid State Mat. Sci.
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 20
IS 1
SI SI
BP 13
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.cossms.2015.10.001
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics,
Condensed Matter
GA DE2KR
UT WOS:000370456700003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sallica-Leva, E
Caram, R
Jardini, AL
Fogagnolo, JB
AF Sallica-Leva, E.
Caram, R.
Jardini, A. L.
Fogagnolo, J. B.
TI Ductility improvement due to martensite alpha ' decomposition in porous
Ti-6Al-4V parts produced by selective laser melting for orthopedic
implants
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloys; Additive manufacturing; Thermal treatment; Thermal
analysis; X-ray analysis; Mechanical properties
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; HEAT-TREATMENT; BIOMEDICAL
APPLICATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PHASE; BEHAVIOR; TI6AL4V; SCAFFOLDS
AB Ti-6Al-4V parts obtained by selective laser melting typically have an acicular
alpha' martensitic microstructure whose ductility is low. Thus, post-heat
treatments are useful for increasing ductility. In this work, the effects of sub-
beta-transus heat treatments on the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V parts with
porous structures are correlated with martensite alpha' phase decomposition. The
precipitation of beta phase and the gradual transformation of alpha' into alpha
phase by the diffusion of excess vanadium from alpha' to beta phase are proposed to
be the main events of martensite alpha' phase decomposition in parts fabricated by
selective laser melting. The heat treatment performed at 650 degrees C for 1 h
produced no microstructural changes, but the samples treated for at the same
temperature 2 h showed alpha fine precipitation of beta phase along the alpha'
needle boundaries. The heat treatment performed at 800 degrees C for 1 or 2 h
produced alpha fine alpha+beta microstructure, in which beta phase are present as
particles fewer in number and larger in size, when compared with the ones present
in the sample heat-treated at 650 degrees C for 2 h. Heat-treatment of the parts at
800 degrees C for 2 h proved to be the best condition, which improved the ductility
of the samples while only slightly reducing their strength. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sallica-Leva, E.; Caram, R.; Fogagnolo, J. B.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Mech
Engn, RuaMendeleiev 200, BR-13083860 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Jardini, A. L.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, Ave Albert Einstein 500,
BR-13083852 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Fogagnolo, JB (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Mech Engn,
RuaMendeleiev 200, BR-13083860 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
EM fogagnolo@fem.unicamp.br
RI Jardini, Andre Luiz/N-9963-2016; Caram, Rubens/C-2068-2012
OI Jardini, Andre Luiz/0000-0002-9381-9335;
FU Sao Paulo State Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil) [2011/19982-2];
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq,
Brazil) [483733/2010-5]; Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and
Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES, Brazil)
FX The authors would like to thank the Sao Paulo State Research Foundation
(FAPESP, Brazil) (Grant 2011/19982-2), and the National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) (Grant
483733/2010-5) for their financial support, and the Brazilian Federal
Agency for Support and Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES, Brazil)
for the scholarship granted to the first author, and Professor Alberto
Moreira Jorge Junior, of the Structure Characterization Laboratory (LCE,
Federal University of Sao Carlos, Brazil).
5093(97)00802-2
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PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 54
BP 149
EP 158
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.020
PG 10
GA DC1AX
UT WOS:000368950300015
PM 26458113
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Shen, C
Pan, ZX
Cuiuri, D
Roberts, J
Li, HJ
AF Shen, Chen
Pan, Zengxi
Cuiuri, Dominic
Roberts, Jon
Li, Huijun
TI Fabrication of Fe-FeAl Functionally Graded Material Using the Wire-Arc
Additive Manufacturing Process
LA English
DT Article
ID GRADIENT MATERIALS; IRON ALUMINIDES; MICROSTRUCTURE; INTERMETALLICS;
LASER; COMPOSITES; DEPOSITION; TI-6AL-4V; STRENGTH; TITANIUM
AB A functionally gradient iron-aluminum wall structure with aluminum composition
gradient from 0 at. pct to over 50 at. pct is fabricated using a wire-arc additive
manufacturing (WAAM) system. The as-fabricated alloy is investigated using optical
microstructure analysis, hardness testing, tensile testing, X-ray diffraction phase
characterization, and electron-dispersive spectrometry. The comprehensive analysis
of the experimental samples has shown that the WAAM system can be used for
manufacturing iron aluminide functionally graded material with full density,
desired composition, and reasonable mechanical properties.
C1 [Shen, Chen; Pan, Zengxi; Cuiuri, Dominic; Roberts, Jon; Li, Huijun] Univ
Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields Ave,
Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron, Fac Engn &
Informat Sci, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
OI pan, zengxi/0000-0002-1788-2543; Shen, Chen/0000-0002-7687-6418
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from China
Scholarship Council (CSC), University of Wollongong (UOW), and Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA), and use of the facilities
within the UOW Electron Microscopy Center.
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NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 11
U2 57
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 47
IS 1
BP 763
EP 772
DI 10.1007/s11663-015-0509-5
PG 10
Engineering
GA DB7JX
UT WOS:000368692300069
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kenel, C
Leinenbach, C
AF Kenel, C.
Leinenbach, C.
TI Influence of Nb and Mo on microstructure formation of rapidly solidified
ternary Ti-Al-(Nb, Mo) alloys
SO INTERMETALLICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminides; Phase transformation; Rapid solidification; Microstructure
ID BINARY TIAL ALLOYS; MASSIVE TRANSFORMATION; THERMODYNAMIC REEVALUATION;
AL ALLOYS; BETA; DIFFUSION; DESIGN; PHASES; SYSTEM
AB Titanium aluminides containing Nb and Mo are promising structural intermetallics
for an increased performance and weight reduction of high temperature components. A
liquid droplet rapid solidification technique was applied on ternary Ti-(45-48)Al-
(3-7)Nb and Ti-(45-47)Al-(1-2)Mo alloys to study the influence of the ternary
additions on microstructure formation. The cooling rate was controlled by droplet
size and kept constant at 4.5 x 10(3) K s(-1). The results show the strong
dependency of the microstructure formation on alloy composition and the
solidification behavior. The beta-solidifying Al-lean Ti-(45-46)Al-(3-7)Nb and Ti-
(45-46)Al-(1-2)Mo alloys tend to form coarse grained alpha/alpha(2)
microstructures, whereas the Al-rich alloys show a fine dendritic structure
consisting mainly of alpha(2) and gamma-phase. In the Mo-containing alloys also a
significant amount of beta/beta(0)-phase was observed in the alloys. Complementary
thermodynamic calculations based on the CALPHAD approach show good agreement of the
experimental results with predicted solidification and phase transformation paths
taking into account non-equilibrium conditions. With the ability to predict and
experimentally observe non-equilibrium microstructure formation, alloys with
tailored properties for processes involving rapid solidification and cooling can be
identified and selected for future processing using beam-based additive
manufacturing. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kenel, C.; Leinenbach, C.] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, CH-8600
Dubendorf, Switzerland.
RP Kenel, C (reprint author), Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Sci & Technol, Uberlandstr
EM Christoph.Kenel@empa.ch
OI Leinenbach, Christian/0000-0003-0435-495X
FU European Union [310279]
European Union Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant
agreement no. 310279.
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NR 25
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 9
U2 87
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0966-9795
EI 1879-0216
J9 INTERMETALLICS
JI Intermetallics
PD FEB
PY 2016
VL 69
BP 82
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.intermet.2015.10.018
PG 8
GA CZ0CM
UT WOS:000366772700013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Palanivel, S
Dutt, AK
Faierson, EJ
Mishra, RS
AF Palanivel, S.
Dutt, A. K.
Faierson, E. J.
Mishra, R. S.
TI Spatially dependent properties in a laser additive manufactured
Ti-6Al-4V component
LA English
DT Article
DE Powder bed fusion additive manufacturing; DMLS; Ti-6Al-4V;
Micro-mechanical properties; Microstructure; Surface roughness
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V;
TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR; ALLOY; PERFORMANCE; BUILDS; PARTS
AB Automotive and aerospace sectors have provided a strong product pull for
advancing powder bed fusion technologies. However, as these technologies mature
towards large-scale production, issues of build consistency and surface finish are
of concern. In order to study these issues, a Ti-6Al-4V mini impeller was
fabricated using laser additive manufacturing. The primary objective of this work
was to quantify and correlate the variation in mechanical properties and
microstructure across and along different locations in the component. Hardness
measured at various build locations revealed a stronger hub (highest value: 428 HV)
with lower spatial variations in comparison to the blade (highest value: 415 HV).
Additional examinations to assess anisotropy showed an average hardness of 397 +/-
11 and 385 +/- 8 HV along the blade build (Z) and longitudinal (X) directions
respectively. Region and direction specific uniaxial tensile testing of the samples
indicated a strong hub bottom with yield strength (YS) of 1193 MPa, ultimate
tensile strength (UTS) of 1310 MPa, and a total elongation of 5.5% in the
longitudinal direction. Although the low elongation value correlates well with
previous studies, strength is significantly higher and is attributed to having a
complete martensitic structure induced by the high cooling rates experienced at the
build-substrate interface. On the other hand, YS, UTS and total elongation in the
blade were recorded as 978 MPa, 1096 MPa and 9.12%, respectively, along the build
direction. Microstructure in the blade region consisted of alpha' and alpha+beta.
When compared to the polished specimen in the blade, its unpolished counterpart
yielded at 896 MPa, had UTS of 1018 MPa, and elongation of 6.24%. An understanding
of the reduction in performance of the unfinished blade would help in deciding the
need for surface finishing operations after fabrication. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Palanivel, S.; Dutt, A. K.; Mishra, R. S.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Frict Stir Proc,
Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Faierson, E. J.] Western Illinois Univ, Quad City Mfg Lab, Rock Isl, IL 61201
USA.
RP Mishra, RS (reprint author), Univ N Texas, Ctr Frict Stir Proc, Dept Mat Sci &
Engn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM Rajiv.Mishra@unt.edu
RI Mishra, Rajiv/A-7985-2009
OI Mishra, Rajiv/0000-0002-1699-0614
FU State of Illinois [W15QKN-11-2-0008]
FX The authors would like to thank S. Das and S. Mridha for helping with
Micro-CT and XRD and Dr. Sundeep Mukherjee for the use of profilometer.
The authors would also like to thank the Center for Advanced research
and Technology (CART) for providing access to the microscopic facilities
located at the University of North Texas. Lastly, we would like to
acknowledge ARDEC Cooperative Agreement #W15QKN-11-2-0008 for the powder
bed fusion system used in this study, as well as funding from the State
of Illinois that provides some of the operating costs for WIU-QCML.
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2218-0
10.1108/13552540710776142
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 41
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 27
PY 2016
VL 654
BP 39
EP 52
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.12.021
PG 14
GA DD7NJ
UT WOS:000370111100005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Karthik, GM
Ram, GDJ
Kottada, RS
AF Karthik, G. M.
Ram, G. D. Janaki
Kottada, Ravi Sankar
TI Friction deposition of titanium particle reinforced aluminum matrix
composites
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Friction deposition; Metal-metal composites
ID IMPROVED MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACED COATINGS; HIGH-STRENGTH;
MAGNESIUM; AL; MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; PERFORMANCE; DUCTILITY;
FABRICATION
AB Friction deposition is one of the promising new techniques for additive
manufacturing. In this work, an aluminum matrix composite reinforced with titanium
particles was successfully friction deposited. The multi-layer composite friction
deposits showed well-bonded layers, very fine grain size, and uniformly distributed
titanium particles. While the reinforcement/matrix interfaces showed no reaction
products, the layer interfaces showed thin intermetallic bands. These brittle
intermetallic bands were found to strongly affect the ductility of the multi-layer
composite friction deposits in the build direction. However, the composite friction
deposits performed satisfactorily in compression tests as well as in single-layer
tensile tests. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Karthik, G. M.; Ram, G. D. Janaki; Kottada, Ravi Sankar] Indian Inst Technol,
Dept Met & Mat Engn, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
RP Ram, GDJ (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Mat Joining
Lab, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM jram@iitm.ac.in
RI Kottada, Ravi Sankar/I-7676-2013
OI Kottada, Ravi Sankar/0000-0002-0878-4861
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NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 16
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 20
PY 2016
VL 653
BP 71
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.12.005
PG 13
GA DC4PU
UT WOS:000369203600010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU de Formanoir, C
Michotte, S
Rigo, O
Germain, L
Godet, S
AF de Formanoir, Charlotte
Michotte, Sebastien
Rigo, Olivier
Germain, Lionel
Godet, Stephane
TI Electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V: Microstructure, texture and mechanical
behavior of the as-built and heat-treated material
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive Manufacturing; Electron Beam Melting (EBM); Ti-6Al-4V; Heat
Treatments; Texture; Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD)
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; MELTING EBM; ORIENTATION; COMPONENTS
AB Electron Beam Melting (EBM), a powder bed additive layer manufacturing process,
was used to produce Ti-6Al-4V specimens, whose microstructure, texture, and tensile
properties were fully characterized. The microstructure, analyzed by optical
microscopy, SEM/EBSD and X-ray diffraction, consists in fine alpha lamellae.
Numerical reconstruction of the parent beta phase highlighted the columnar
morphology of the prior beta grains, growing along the build direction upon
solidification of the melt pool. The presence of grain boundary alpha(GB) along the
boundaries of these prior beta grains is indicative of the diffusive nature of the
beta ->alpha phase transformation. Texture analysis of the reconstructed high
temperature beta phase revealed a strong < 001 > pole in the build direction. For
mechanical characterization, tensile specimens were produced using two different
build themes and along several build orientations, revealing that vertically built
specimens exhibit a lower yield strength than those built horizontally. The effect
of post processing, either mechanical or thermal, was extensively investigated. The
influence of surface finish on tensile properties was clearly highlighted. Indeed,
mechanical polishing induced an increase in ductility - due to the removal of
critical surface defects - as well as a significant increase of the apparent yield
strength - caused by the removal of a similar to 150 mu m rough surface layer that
can be considered as mechanically inefficient and not supporting any tensile load.
Thermal post-treatments were performed on electron beam melted specimens, revealing
that subtransus treatments induce very moderate microstructural changes, whereas
supertransus treatments generate a considerably different type of microstructure,
due to the fast beta grain growth occurring above the transus. The heat treatments
investigated in this work had a relatively moderate impact on the mechanical
properties of the parts. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [de Formanoir, Charlotte; Godet, Stephane] Univ Libre Bruxelles, 4MAT, 50 Ave FD
Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Michotte, Sebastien; Rigo, Olivier] T ADD, Sirris, 20 Rue Auguste Piccard, B-
6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
[Germain, Lionel] Univ Lorraine, CNR, Lab Etude Microstruct & Mecan Mat LEM3,
UMR 7239, F-57045 Metz, France.
[Germain, Lionel] Univ Lorraine, Lab Excellence Design Alloy Met Low mAss Struct
L, F-57045 Metz, France.
RP de Formanoir, C (reprint author), Univ Libre Bruxelles, 4MAT, 50 Ave FD
Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
EM cdeforma@ulb.ac.be
FU F.R.I.A. - F.N.R.S.
FX The authors are grateful to the F.R.I.A. - F.N.R.S. for financing this
research.
0397-x
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NR 32
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 7
U2 70
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 15
PY 2016
VL 652
BP 105
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.11.052
PG 15
GA DC9QQ
UT WOS:000369556500013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JK
Wang, XY
Paddea, S
Zhang, X
AF Zhang, Jikui
Wang, Xueyuan
Paddea, Sanjooram
Zhang, Xiang
TI Fatigue crack propagation behaviour in wire plus arc additive
manufactured Ti-6Al-4V: Effects of microstructure and residual stress
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium alloy; Fatigue crack propagation;
Residual stress; Microstructure
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; LASER; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION;
COMPONENTS; BUILDS; PARTS
AB Fatigue crack propagation tests of Ti-6Al-4V fabricated by the Wire+Arc Additive
Manufacturing (WAAM) process are analysed. Crack growth rate and trajectory are
examined before and after the crack tip crossing an interface between the WAAM and
wrought alloys. The study has focused on the microstructure and residual stress
effect. First, the differences in crack growth rate and path between WAAM and
wrought alloys are attributed to their different microstructure; the equiaxed
wrought alloy has straight crack path, whereas the WAAM lamellar structure causes
tortuous crack path resulting in lower crack growth rate. Second, based on measured
residual stress profile in the as-built WAAM piece, retained residual stress in the
much smaller compact tension specimens and its effect on crack growth rate are
calculated by the finite element method. Numerical simulation shows considerable
residual stress in the test specimen and the stress magnitude depends on the
initial crack location and propagation direction in relation to the WAAM-wrought
interface. Residual stress is released immediately if the initial crack is in the
wrought substrate; hence it has little effect. In contrast, when crack grows from
WAAM to wrought, residual stress is retained resulting in higher stress intensity
factor; hence greater crack growth rate. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Jikui] Beihang Univ, Dept Aircraft Design, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
[Wang, Xueyuan; Zhang, Xiang] Cranfield Univ, Sch Engn, Cranfield MK43 0AL,
Beds, England.
[Wang, Xueyuan; Zhang, Xiang] Coventry Univ, Fac Engn & Comp, Coventry CV1 5FB,
W Midlands, England.
[Paddea, Sanjooram] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
RP Zhang, X (reprint author), Coventry Univ, Fac Engn & Comp, Coventry CV1 5FB, W
Midlands, England.
EM zjk@buaa.edu.cn; wangx75@uni.coventry.ac.uk;
Sanjooram.paddea@open.ac.uk; xiang.zhang@coventry.ac.uk
FU China Scholarship Council [201406025015, 2012094300044]; Aviation
Industry Corporation of China [2012-5023]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the China Scholarship Council (Grant
Numbers: 201406025015 and 2012094300044) and the Aviation Industry
Corporation of China (Grant Number: 2012-5023) for financial support,
Cranfield University Welding and Laser Processing Centre for producing
test specimens, Nicholas Hills and Dongni Wang for conducting part of
the test and characterization.
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[Anonymous], 2013, ABAQUS 6 13 ABAQUS S
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 85
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD JAN 15
PY 2016
VL 90
BP 551
EP 561
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.141
PG 11
GA CZ6TY
UT WOS:000367235100066
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mower, TM
Long, MJ
AF Mower, Todd M.
Long, Michael J.
TI Mechanical behavior of additive manufactured, powder-bed laser-fused
materials
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum alloys; Titanium alloys; Stainless steel alloys; Powder-bed
fusion; Cyclic fatigue
ID STAINLESS-STEEL; FATIGUE PERFORMANCE; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; PARTS;
SLM
AB Mechanical behavior of four metallic alloys fabricated with layered, laser-
heated methods of additive manufacturing (AM) was compared to that of similar
alloys produced with conventional methods (wrought and machined). AM materials were
produced by a leading commercial service provider, as opposed to incorporating
material specimens produced by unique or specially-adapted equipment. The elastic
moduli were measured in flexure, stress-strain characteristics were measured in
tensile deformation, and fatigue strengths were measured in fully reversed bending.
The effects of fabrication orientation, surface polishing, and hot isostatic
pressing upon mechanical behavior were studied.
The fatigue strengths exhibited by SLM AlSi10Mg and DMLS Ti6AI4V in the as-
fabricated condition proved to be significantly inferior to that of conventional
material. These lower fatigue strengths are a consequence of multiple fatigue
cracks initiating at surface defects, internal voids and microcracks, and growing
simultaneously during cyclic loading. Measured fatigue strengths of DMLS 316L and
17-4PH approached those of corresponding wrought materials when subjected to
principal stresses aligned with the build planes. When cyclic stresses were applied
across the build planes of the DMLS stainless steels, fatigue fractures often
developed prematurely by separation of material. Post-processing the DMIS Ti6Al4V
and SS316L with hot isostatic pressure elevated the fatigue strength significantly.
Measurements of surface roughness with an optical profilometer, examinations of the
material microstructures, and fractography contribute to an understanding of the
mechanical of the additive materials. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier
B.V.
C1 [Mower, Todd M.; Long, Michael J.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
RP Mower, TM (reprint author), MIT, Lincoln Lab, 244 Wood St, Lexington, MA 02420
USA.
EM mower@ll.mit.edu
FU Department of the Air Force under the United States Air Force
[FA8721-05-C-0002]
FX This work is sponsored by the Department of the Air Force under the
United States Air Force contract number FA8721-05-C-0002. The opinions,
interpretations, recommendations and conclusions are those of the
authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the United States
Government. Donation of follow-on batches of fatigue specimens by Linear
Mold and Engineering is gratefully acknowledged.
[Anonymous], 2011, MAT PROP DEV STAND M
Boucher F., 2010, P 56 ANN M ORTH RES
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Krishnan M., 2014, THESIS
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Murr L.E., 2012, J MATER RES TECHNOL, V1, P167, DOI DOI 10.1016/S2238-
7854(12)70029-7
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10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.07.003
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Zhu M., 2008, P MAT PROC MED DEV C, P215
NR 38
TC 64
Z9 65
U1 54
U2 230
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JAN 10
PY 2016
VL 651
BP 198
EP 213
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.10.068
PG 16
GA DA0KU
UT WOS:000367486800027
OA gold
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Szost, BA
Terzi, S
Martina, F
Boisselier, D
Prytuliak, A
Pining, T
Hofmann, M
Jarvis, DJ
AF Szost, Blanka A.
Terzi, Sofiane
Martina, Filomeno
Boisselier, Didier
Prytuliak, Anastasiia
Pining, Thilo
Hofmann, Michael
Jarvis, David J.
TI A comparative study of additive manufacturing techniques: Residual
stress and microstructural analysis of CLAD and WAAM printed Ti-6Al-4V
components
LA English
DT Article
DE Residual stress; 3D printing; Titanium alloy; Neutron diffraction; Wire
plus Arc Additive Manufacturing; Laser cladding
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM; WIRE; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION; ALLOYS
AB Nowadays, there is a great manufacturing trend in producing higher quality net-
shape components of challenging geometries. One of the major challenges faced by
additive manufacturing (AM) is the residual stresses generated during AM part
fabrication often leading to unacceptable distortions and degradation of mechanical
properties. Therefore, gaining insight into residual strain/stress distribution is
essential for ensuring acceptable quality and performance of high-tech AM parts.
This research is aimed at comparing microstructure and residual stress built-up in
Ti-6Al-4V AM components produced by Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) and by
laser cladding process (CLAD). (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Szost, Blanka A.; Terzi, Sofiane; Prytuliak, Anastasiia; Jarvis, David J.]
European Space Agcy, ESTEC, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Martina, Filomeno] Cranfield Univ, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Boisselier, Didier] Irepa Laser, Parc & Innovat Pole API, F-67400 Illkirch
Graffenstaden, France.
[Terzi, Sofiane; Prytuliak, Anastasiia; Pining, Thilo] Inst Laue Langevin, F-
38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Hofmann, Michael] FRM II TU Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
RP Szost, BA (reprint author), European Space Agcy, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1,POB 299,
NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
EM blanka.szost@esa.int; terzi@ill.eu
FU AMAZE Project; European Commission [FP7-2012-NMP-ICT-FoF-313781];
European Space Agency
FX The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from the AMAZE
Project, which is co-funded by the European Commission in the 7th
Framework Programme (contract FP7-2012-NMP-ICT-FoF-313781), by the
European Space Agency and by the individual partner organisations. The
authors would also like to express the sincere gratitude to Prof. Moataz
M. Attallah for stimulating discussions.
CR Attallah M.M., 2010, METALL MATER TRANS A, V41A, P3149
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.04.012
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NR 31
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 18
U2 143
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD JAN 5
PY 2016
VL 89
BP 559
EP 567
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.115
PG 9
GA CY2FW
UT WOS:000366225200062
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Rysava, Z
Bruschi, S
Carmignato, S
Medeossi, F
Savio, E
Zanini, F
AF Rysava, Zdenka
Bruschi, Stefania
Carmignato, Simone
Medeossi, Fabrizio
Savio, Enrico
Zanini, Filippo
BE Wertheim, R
Ihlefeldt, S
Hochmuth, C
Putz, M
TI Micro-drilling and threading of the Ti6Al4V titanium alloy produced
through Additive Manufacturing
SO 7TH HPC 2016 - CIRP CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE CUTTING
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 7th CIRP Conference on High Performance Cutting (HPC)
CY MAY 31-JUN 02, 2016
CL Stadthalle Chemnitz, Chemnitz, GERMANY
SP CIRP
HO Stadthalle Chemnitz
DE Drilling; Titanium alloys; High precision; Additive manufacturing
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TI-6AL-4V; IMPLANTS; FABRICATION
AB The paper presents the evaluation of the drillability characteristics of the
Ti6Al4V titanium alloy produced through the Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology
called Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS). Holes of 1.6 mm diameter were drilled
on a 5-axis high-precision micro-milling machine under dry cutting conditions at
varying cutting speed and feed rate. A specific measurement procedure was developed
to quantify and compare the most representative geometrical features (diameter and
perpendicularity) of the machined holes as well as the quantification of burrs. The
influence of the AM material on the geometrical quality of high precision holes is
discussed, taking into account the requirements of the following threading
operations. Finally, thread milling experiments were carried out to prove the
threading feasibility and performances based on the previous drilling experiments.
From the results within the tested range of cutting conditions, the lowest values
of the cutting speed and feed rate seem to be the best trade-off for achieving the
required hole quality. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V
C1 [Rysava, Zdenka; Bruschi, Stefania; Medeossi, Fabrizio; Savio, Enrico; Zanini,
Filippo] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Carmignato, Simone; Zanini, Filippo] Univ Padua, Dept Management & Engn, Str
della San Nicola, I-36100 Vicenza, Italy.
RP Rysava, Z (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM zdenka.rysava@studenti.unipd.it
CR Bartolo P, 2012, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V61, P635, DOI 10.1016/j.cirp.2012.05.005
Carmignato S, 2012, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V61, P491, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2012.03.021
Dornfeld DA, 1999, CIRP ANNALS 1999 - MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, P73
Facchini L., 2010, MICROSTRUCTURE MECH
10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.022
Kim DW, 2009, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V49, P246, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2008.11.005
Pilny L, 2012, CIRP J MANUF SCI TEC, V5, P102, DOI 10.1016/j.cirpj.2012.03.005
Yan YJ, 2013, INT J FATIGUE, V55, P81, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2013.05.015
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2016
VL 46
BP 583
EP 586
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2016.04.030
PG 4
WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BJ0ZK
UT WOS:000417327600135
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Sartori, S
Bordin, A
Moro, L
Ghiotti, A
Bruschi, S
AF Sartori, Stefano
Bordin, Alberto
Moro, Lorenzo
Ghiotti, Andrea
Bruschi, Stefania
BE Wertheim, R
Ihlefeldt, S
Hochmuth, C
Putz, M
TI The influence of material properties on the tool crater wear when
machining Ti6Al4V produced by Additive Manufacturing technologies
SO 7TH HPC 2016 - CIRP CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE CUTTING
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 7th CIRP Conference on High Performance Cutting (HPC)
CY MAY 31-JUN 02, 2016
CL Stadthalle Chemnitz, Chemnitz, GERMANY
SP CIRP
HO Stadthalle Chemnitz
DE Machinability; Cryogenic machining; Ti6Al4V alloy; Microstructure; Wear
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDERS
AB In the biomedical field the Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies are
increasingly being adopted for the production of near-net-shape products made in
titanium alloys, however finishing machining operations can be necessary to obtain
the required geometrical tolerances and surface characteristics. This paper aims at
investigating the effects of the workpiece properties on the tool crater wear
behavior in semi-finishing turning of Ti6Al4V produced by Electron Beam Melting
(EBM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) AM technologies in comparison with
the one of the wrought commercial alloy. Liquid nitrogen was used as a coolant to
reduce the crater wear and its performances compared with dry turning. A
correlation is proved between the mechanical and thermal properties of the
investigated alloys and the crater wear occurrence. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published
by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sartori, Stefano; Bordin, Alberto; Moro, Lorenzo; Ghiotti, Andrea; Bruschi,
Stefania] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Padua, Italy.
RP Sartori, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Padua, Italy.
OI Moro, Lorenzo/0000-0001-9340-3463; Ghiotti, Andrea/0000-0003-1050-1741
CR [Anonymous], 2008, F147208E1 ASTM
Wang ZY, 2000, WEAR, V239, P168, DOI 10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00361-0
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2008.01.008
NR 6
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2016
VL 46
BP 587
EP 590
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2016.04.032
PG 4
SC Engineering
GA BJ0ZK
UT WOS:000417327600136
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Oyelola, O
Crawforth, P
M'Saoubi, R
Clare, AT
AF Oyelola, Olusola
Crawforth, Peter
M'Saoubi, Rachid
Clare, Adam T.
BE Davies, MA
MSaoubi, R
TI Machining of Additively Manufactured Parts: Implications for Surface
Integrity
SO 3RD CIRP CONFERENCE ON SURFACE INTEGRITY
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 3rd CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity
CY JUN 08-10, 2016
CL Charlotte, NC
SP CIRP
DE Additive Manufacturing; Machining; Titanium; Microstructure
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; MACHINABILITY; EVOLUTION
AB Additive manufacturing methods continue to move towards production ready
technologies with the widely extolled virtues of rapid transition from design to
part and enhanced design freedoms. However, due to fundamental limitations of laser
based processes for metal additive manufacturing, there is a significant ongoing
need for these parts to be subject to additional machining operations. This paper
reports on a study to investigate the machining behavior and surface integrity of
Ti-6Al-4V components which have been produced by direct metal deposition using wire
feedstocks. Simple geometries are produced and the resulting effect of tooling type
is reported. Inhomogeneities in the deposition process as a result of non-uniform
cooling and porosity are shown to have a deleterious effect on the surface
integrity of the resulting part and the machinability of such components. In
addition, strategies for the machining of AM parts which consist of graduated
material structures are also proposed here. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by
Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Oyelola, Olusola; Clare, Adam T.] Univ Nottingham, Adv Component Engn Lab, Fac
Engn, Univ Pk, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Crawforth, Peter] Univ Sheffield, Adv Mfg Res Ctr, Rotherham S60 5TZ, S
Yorkshire, England.
[M'Saoubi, Rachid] Seco Tools UK Ltd, Springfield Business Pk, Alcester B49 6PU,
Warwick, England.
RP Clare, AT (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Adv Component Engn Lab, Fac Engn,
Univ Pk, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM adam.clare@nottingham.ac.uk
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.08.012
Davim JP, 2012, MACHINING OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES, P1, DOI 10.1007/978-0-
85729-938-3
0136(96)00030-1
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.11.035
Farayibi PK, 2011, SURF COAT TECH, V206, P372, DOI
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.07.033
Flynn JM, 2016, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V101, P79, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2015.11.007
Jones J., 2012, 23 ANN INT SOL FREEF, P821
Karunakaran KP, 2009, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V45, P690, DOI 10.1007/s00170-009-
2002-2
0136(02)00865-8
Krzakala A, 2014, ARCH METALL MATER, V59, P199, DOI 10.2478/amm-2014-0032
Nouari M, 2013, INT J REFRACT MET H, V41, P259, DOI 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.04.011
Prevey Paul S, 1977, ADV XRAY ANAL, V20, P345
Sagapuram D, 2015, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V64, P49, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2015.04.059
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2016
VL 45
BP 119
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2016.02.066
PG 4
SC Engineering
GA BJ0ZI
UT WOS:000417326500030
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Sartori, S
Bordin, A
Ghiotti, A
Bruschi, S
AF Sartori, Stefano
Bordin, Alberto
Ghiotti, Andrea
Bruschi, Stefania
BE Davies, MA
MSaoubi, R
TI Analysis of the surface integrity in cryogenic turning of Ti6Al4V
produced by Direct Melting Laser Sintering
SO 3RD CIRP CONFERENCE ON SURFACE INTEGRITY
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 3rd CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity
CY JUN 08-10, 2016
CL Charlotte, NC
SP CIRP
DE Ti6Al4V; Additive Manufacturing; Machinability; Liquid Nitrogen; Surface
integrity
ID TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; TITANIUM-ALLOYS
AB The Ti6Al4V is widely utilized in the biomedical field thanks to its high
biocompatibility, however, due to its low machinability, is classified as a
difficult-to-cut material. With the goal of improving the surface quality of
biomedical components made of Ti6Al4V produced by the DMLS additive manufacturing
technology and later on machined, Liquid Nitrogen was tested as a coolant in semi-
finishing turning. The integrity of the machined surfaces is evaluated in terms of
surface defects and topography as well as residual stresses. The obtained results
showed that the cryogenic machining assured a lower amount of surface defects and
higher values of the residual compressive stressed compared to dry cutting, but a
general worsening of the surface topography was detected. (C) 2016 The Authors.
C1 [Sartori, Stefano; Bordin, Alberto; Ghiotti, Andrea; Bruschi, Stefania] Univ
Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Padua, Italy.
RP Sartori, S (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Padua, Italy.
CR Bermingham MJ, 2012, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V212, P752, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.10.027
Devillez A, 2011, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V211, P1590, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.04.011
0136(96)00030-1
Ginting A, 2009, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V49, P325, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2008.10.011
Machai C, 2011, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V211, P1175, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.022
Noyan I. C., 1987, RESIDUAL STRESSES ME
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.08.003
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.11.003
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2008.01.008
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2016
VL 45
BP 123
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2016.02.328
PG 4
SC Engineering
GA BJ0ZI
UT WOS:000417326500031
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Popovich, A
Sufiiarov, V
Polozov, I
Borisov, E
Masaylo, D
AF Popovich, Anatoliy
Sufiiarov, Vadim
Polozov, Igor
Borisov, Evgenii
Masaylo, Dmitriy
TI Producing hip implants of titanium alloys by additive manufacturing
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOPRINTING
LA English
DT Article
DE selective laser melting; implant; Ti-6Al-4V; biomedical application;
prosthesis
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER; PARTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; ARTHROPLASTY;
DUCTILITY
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, in particular Selective Laser Melting
(SLM) allows the production of complex-shaped individual implants from titanium
alloys with high biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and improved
osseointegration by surface texturing. In this work, the possibility of producing a
custom-made hip implant from Ti-6Al-4V powder according to the data acquired via
computed tomography of the patient is shown. Different heat treatments were applied
in order to achieve better combination of tensile strength and elongation by
partial decomposition of the martensitic phase. The implant was installed to the
patient, postoperative supervision has shown good results, and the patient is able
to move with the installed implant. A successful case of applying AM for producing
custom hip implant is demonstrated in the paper. Using AM allowed the production of
a custom-made hip implant in a short time and decreases the operation time and
lessens the risk of infection ingress.
C1 [Popovich, Anatoliy; Sufiiarov, Vadim; Polozov, Igor; Borisov, Evgenii; Masaylo,
Dmitriy] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Politekhnicheskaya Ul 29, St
RP Polozov, I (reprint author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ,
Politekhnicheskaya Ul 29, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
EM igor.polozov@gmail.com
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NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 2
PU WHIOCE PUBLISHING PTE LTD, SINGAPORE
PI SINGAPORE
PA 7030 ANG MO KIO AVE 5, 04-15 NORTHSTAR AMK, SINGAPORE, 569880, SINGAPORE
SN 2424-8002
J9 INT J BIOPRINTING
JI Int. J. Bioprinting
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 2
BP 78
EP 84
DI 10.18063/IJB.2016.02.004
PG 7
WC Engineering, Biomedical
SC Engineering
GA FB6RC
UT WOS:000406269100008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hariharan, K
Arumaikkannu, G
AF Hariharan, Kuppuswamy
Arumaikkannu, Ganesan
TI Structural, mechanical and in vitro studies on pulsed laser deposition
of hydroxyapatite on additive manufactured polyamide substrate
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOPRINTING
LA English
DT Article
DE bioadditive manufacturing; hydroxyapatite; polyamide; pulsed laser
deposition; characterisation; cell line studies
ID THIN-FILMS; BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS; COATINGS; TITANIUM; BIOMATERIALS;
SURFACES; BEHAVIOR; ENERGY; ALLOY
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging field that merges engineering and
life sciences to produce components that can effectively act as a replacement in
the human body. This AM encompasses biofabrication using cells, biological or
biomaterials as building blocks to fabricate biological and bio-application
oriented substance, device and therapeutic products through a broad range of
engineering and biological processes. Furthermore, bioactive coating on BAM surface
facilitates biological fixation between the prosthesis and the hard tissue which
increases the long term stability and integrity of the implant. In this paper,
hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was coated over AM polyamide substrate using pulsed
laser deposition. Coating morphology was characterised using scanning electron
microscope (SEM) analysis and observed that the coating was dominated by the
presence of particle droplet with different sizes. Compounds like tricalcium
phosphate and a few amorphous calcium phosphates were found along with HA which was
confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques shows the presence of phosphate and carbonate groups
in the HA structure. Nano-indentation and pull-out test reveals that the layer was
strong enough and withstands higher load before it peels off. In vitro analysis was
evaluated with human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells with respect to the cell viability
and results shows that the good viability was observed on coated surface due to
combinational effect of Ca2+ and PO43-ions. The multitude of characterisation
conducted on the coating has established that coating polyamide with HA results in
a positive combination for an implant.
C1 [Hariharan, Kuppuswamy; Arumaikkannu, Ganesan] Anna Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mfg
Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
RP Hariharan, K; Arumaikkannu, G (reprint author), Anna Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Mfg
Engn, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
EM hariharancim28@gmail.com; arumai@annauniv.edu
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NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU WHIOCE PUBLISHING PTE LTD, SINGAPORE
PI SINGAPORE
PA 7030 ANG MO KIO AVE 5, 04-15 NORTHSTAR AMK, SINGAPORE, 569880, SINGAPORE
SN 2424-8002
J9 INT J BIOPRINTING
JI Int. J. Bioprinting
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 2
BP 85
EP 94
DI 10.18063/IJB.2016.02.008
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA FB6RC
UT WOS:000406269100009
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Martina, F
Roy, MJ
Szost, BA
Terzi, S
Colegrove, PA
Williams, SW
Withers, PJ
Meyer, J
Hofmann, M
AF Martina, F.
Roy, M. J.
Szost, B. A.
Terzi, S.
Colegrove, P. A.
Williams, S. W.
Withers, P. J.
Meyer, J.
Hofmann, M.
TI Residual stress of as-deposited and rolled wire plus arc additive
manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V components
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Additive manufacturing; 3D printing
ID POSTDEPOSITION HEAT-TREATMENT; FRICTION STIR WELDS; LAYER COLD-WORKING;
MICROSTRUCTURE; DISTORTION; ALLOY; PARTS
AB Wire+arc additive manufacturing components contain significant residual
stresses, which manifest in distortion. High-pressure rolling was applied to each
layer of a linear Ti-6Al-4V wire+arc additive manufacturing component in between
deposition passes. In rolled specimens, out-of-plane distortion was more than
halved; a change in the deposits' geometry due to plastic deformation was observed
and process repeatability was increased. The Contour method of residual stresses
measurements showed that although the specimens still exhibited tensile stresses
(up to 500 MPa), their magnitude was reduced by 60%, particularly at the interface
between deposit and substrate. The results were validated with neutron diffraction
measurements, which were in good agreement away from the baseplate.
C1 [Martina, F.; Colegrove, P. A.; Williams, S. W.] Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn &
Laser Proc Ctr, Bldg 46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Roy, M. J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mech Aerosp & Civil Engn, Manchester M13 9PL,
Lancs, England.
[Szost, B. A.] European Space Agcy, Estec, Keplerlaan 1,POB 299, NL-2200 AG
Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Terzi, S.] European Space Agcy, Estec, EPN Campus,CS20156, F-38042 Grenoble 9,
France.
[Withers, P. J.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Meyer, J.] Airbus Grp Innovat, 20A1 Bldg,New Filton House, Bristol BS99 7AR,
Avon, England.
[Hofmann, M.] FRM II TU Munich, Lichtenbergstr 1, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
RP Colegrove, PA (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr,
Bldg 46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
EM p.colegrove@cranfield.ac.uk
RI Roy, Matthew/N-3758-2016
OI Roy, Matthew/0000-0002-6558-4903; Martina, Filomeno/0000-0001-7657-8253
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K029010/1]; AMAZE
Project - European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme
[FP7-2012-NMP-ICT-FoF-313781]; European Space Agency
FX The financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council under grant no. EP/K029010/1 is acknowledged. The
financial support from the AMAZE Project which is co-funded by the
European Commission in the 7th Framework Programme (contract
FP7-2012-NMP-ICT-FoF-313781), by the European Space Agency and by the
individual partners is also acknowledged. Enquiries for access to the
data referred to in this article should be directed to
researchdata@cranfield.ac.uk.
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NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 13
U2 17
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 14
BP 1439
EP 1448
DI 10.1080/02670836.2016.1142704
PG 10
Engineering
GA DX6DI
UT WOS:000384472900004
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Polishetty, A
Shunmugavel, M
Goldberg, M
Littlefair, G
Singh, RK
AF Polishetty, Ashwin
Shunmugavel, Manikanda
Goldberg, Moshe
Littlefair, Guy
Singh, Raj Kumar
BE Jen, TC
Chiu, W
Akinlabi, E
Chen, HS
TI Cutting Force and Surface Finish Analysis of Machining Additive
Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS PROCESSING AND
MANUFACTURING (SMPM 2017)
LA English
CT 1st International Conference on Sustainable Materials Processing and
Manufacturing (SMPM)
CY JAN 23-25, 2017
CL Skukuza, SOUTH AFRICA
DE Cutting Force; Surface Finish; Additive Manufacturing; Machining
AB In this paper, the effect of machining parameters such as cutting speed and feed
rate on cutting forces and surface roughness during turning of wrought and additive
manufactured titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V (selective laser melting) was studied. It
was found that high cutting speeds and feed rates resulted in high cutting forces
and poor surface finish. It was also found that higher cutting forces were required
for machining selective laser melted titanium alloy (SLM Ti-6Al-4V) as compared to
that of conventionally produced wrought Ti-6Al-4V due to the higher strength and
hardness of SLM Ti-6Al-4V. After machining, surface roughness of additive
manufactured titanium alloys was found to be low as compared to wrought Ti-6Al-4V
because of the high hardness and brittle characteristics of additive manufactured
titanium alloys. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Polishetty, Ashwin; Shunmugavel, Manikanda; Goldberg, Moshe; Littlefair, Guy]
Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn Ponds, Vic 36, Australia.
[Singh, Raj Kumar] Kalyani Ctr Technol & Innovat, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
RP Polishetty, A (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, 75 Pigdons Rd, Waurn
Ponds, Vic 36, Australia.
EM ashwin.polishetty@deakin.edu.au
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NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2351-9789
J9 PROCEDIA MANUF
PY 2016
VL 7
BP 284
EP 289
DI 10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.071
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BH1LP
UT WOS:000398151100044
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Bianchi, M
Buonamici, F
Furferi, R
Vanni, N
AF Bianchi, Matteo
Buonamici, Francesco
Furferi, Rocco
Vanni, Niccolo
GP ASME
TI DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF A FLEXION/EXTENSION MECHANISM FOR A HAND
EXOSKELETON SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE,
2016, VOL 1A
LA English
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and
Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC/CIE)
CY AUG 21-24, 2016
CL Charlotte, NC
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Computers & Informat Engn Div
AB Hand impairments represent a significant category of injuries, which can be
limiting and impeding in the execution of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). As can
be widely appreciated in scientific literature, a great number of solutions has
been proposed in last years for rehabilitating and assisting the patient in both
mechanical (e.g. object manipulation) and also social tasks (e.g. shaking hands).
Among the numerous approaches, robotic Hand Exoskeleton Systems (HES) represent a
vast class of solutions to the problem, as they have several advantages. Contrarily
to functional electrical stimulation techniques, for example, HES devices are less
invasive and entail to a lesser induced muscular fatigue. In the present work, the
authors propose the redesign of a HES robotic device developed at the University of
Florence, by means of Topological Optimization (TO) techniques. Even if the
existing device is already functional and tested it is still characterized by high
encumbrances and masses, in disrespect to the functional requirements. The redesign
process has been addressed to a future production of the final object prototype in
a titanium alloy, by means of an Electron Beam Melting (EBM) 3D printing machine.
The entire procedure was carried out starting from a complete kinematic and dynamic
study, followed by the application of TO techniques and it was finally validated by
Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis. A single-finger mechanism prototype has been
fabricated through additive manufacturing (by means of PolyJet technology) to test
the ergonomics and aesthetics of the device.
The problem is introduced and contextualized in the Introduction section, while
the methodology is subsequently extensively explained, followed by the presentation
of the results. In the Conclusion section, the discussion of the process and the
result is presented, while possible improving and developments are briefly hinted
at.
C1 [Bianchi, Matteo; Buonamici, Francesco; Furferi, Rocco; Vanni, Niccolo] Univ
Florence Italy, Dept Ind Engn, Via Santa Marta 3, Florence, Italy.
RP Bianchi, M (reprint author), Univ Florence Italy, Dept Ind Engn, Via Santa Marta
3, Florence, Italy.
FU National Research Council (CNR) - Institute for Complex Systems
FX We would like to thank the National Research Council (CNR) - Institute
for Complex Systems and, in particular, M. Bianchini and B. Tiribilli
for their support and assistance in the Hand Exoskeleton System
development.
CR Allotta B., 2015, INT ROB SYST IROS 20
Allotta B., 2015, P ASME 2015 INT DES
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Yihun Y., 2012, SINGLE DEGREE OF FRE
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-5007-7
PY 2016
AR UNSP V01AT02A010
PG 7
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BG9BM
UT WOS:000393000300010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Dolimont, A
Michotte, S
Riviere-Lorphevre, E
Ducobu, F
de Formanoir, C
Godet, S
Filippi, E
AF Dolimont, Adrien
Michotte, Sebastien
Riviere-Lorphevre, Edouard
Ducobu, Francois
de Formanoir, Charlotte
Godet, Stephane
Filippi, Enrico
BE Chinesta, F
Cueto, E
AbissetChavanne, E
TI Effect of HIPping (Hot Isostatic Pressing) on Electron Beam Melting
Ti6Al4V parts after machining
LA English
CT 19th International ESAFORM Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM)
CY APR 27-29, 2016
CL Nantes, FRANCE
SP ESAFORM, Ecole Cetrale Nantes, Univ Zaragoza
ID TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM
AB The fast growing of Additive Manufacturing (AM) leads us to study the
functionality of parts built by these processes. Recently, the Electron Beam
Melting process and the Direct Melting Laser Sintering process are used to produce
parts in the biomedical and aeronautical fields. The Ti6Al4V is largely used in
these fields. This paper present an experimental study of machining Ti6Al4V alloy
produced by Electron Beam Melting (EBM) before and after HIPping (Hot Isostatic
Pressing). The results shows that the hipping has no significant influence on
specific cutting pressure.
C1 [Dolimont, Adrien; Riviere-Lorphevre, Edouard; Ducobu, Francois; Filippi,
Enrico] Univ Mons, Fac Engn, Machine Design & Prod Engn Lab, Pl Parc 20, B-7000
Mons, Belgium.
[Michotte, Sebastien] SIRRIS Collect Ctr & Technol Ind, 26 Rue Auguste Piccard,
B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
[de Formanoir, Charlotte; Godet, Stephane] Univ Libre Bruxelles, 4MAT, 50 Ave FD
Roosevelt CP 165-63, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
EM adrien.dolimont@umons.ac.be
OI Riviere-Lorphevre, Edouard/0000-0002-4871-3910
CR ASTM International, 2015, E46615 ASTM
Dolimont A., 2015, INT J RAPID IN PRESS
FARHAT D., 2012, 17 EUR FOR RAP PROT
Karlsson J., 2013, J MAT PROCESSING TEC
LOH NL, 1992, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V30, P45, DOI 10.1016/0924-0136(92)90038-T
Mahale T. R., 2009, THESIS
Monfort-Windels F., 2013, SIRRIS
Neira- Arce A., 2012, THESIS
Vutova K, 2010, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V210, P1089, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.02.020
Yu P, 2009, MATER SCI FORUM, V618-619, P621, DOI
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PI MELVILLE
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1427-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2016
VL 1769
AR 190006
DI 10.1063/1.4963616
PG 6
GA BG8SC
UT WOS:000392692600212
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Imbrogno, S
Bordin, A
Bruschi, S
Umbrello, D
AF Imbrogno, Stano
Bordin, Alberto
Bruschi, Stefania
Umbrello, Domenico
BE Chinesta, F
Cueto, E
AbissetChavanne, E
TI Experimental Analysis on Semi-Finishing Machining of Ti6Al4V Additively
Manufactured by Direct Melting Laser Sintering
LA English
CY APR 27-29, 2016
CL Nantes, FRANCE
ID POWDERS; ALLOY
AB The Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques are particularly appealing especially
for titanium aerospace and biomedical components because they permit to achieve a
strong reduction of the buy-to-fly ratio. However, finishing machining operations
are often necessary to reduce the uneven surface roughness and geometrics because
of local missing accuracy. This work shows the influence of the cutting parameters,
cutting speed and feed rate, on the cutting forces as well as on the thermal field
observed in the cutting zone, during a turning operation carried out on bars made
of Ti6Al4V obtained by the AM process called Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS).
Moreover, the sub-surface microstructure alterations due to the process are also
showed and commented.
C1 [Imbrogno, Stano; Umbrello, Domenico] Univ Calabria, Dept Mech Energy &
Management Engn, Via P Bucci Cubo 46c, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Bordin, Alberto; Bruschi, Stefania] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1,
I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM stano.imbrogno@unical.it; alberto.bordin@unipd.it;
stefania.bruschi@unipd.it; domenico.umbrello@unical.it
RI Umbrello, Domenico/C-5519-2012
OI Umbrello, Domenico/0000-0002-4211-6322
CR [Anonymous], 2012, F279212A ASTM INT
Hanninen J., 2001, MET POWDER REP, V56, P24, DOI DOI 10.1016/S0026-
0657(01)80515-4
Jawahir IS, 2011, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V60, P603, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2011.05.002
Klahn C., 2014, PROCEDIA CIRP, V21, P138, DOI DOI 10.1016/J.PROCIR.2014.03.145
Sartori S., 2015, 18 INT C MET FORM ES, V651-653, P1255
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2009.02.008
Takeyama H., 1963, J ENG IND, V33-37, P85
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2010.11.003
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PI MELVILLE
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1427-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2016
VL 1769
AR 080007
DI 10.1063/1.4963482
PG 6
GA BG8SC
UT WOS:000392692600078
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Scherillo, F
Franchitti, S
Borrelli, R
Pirozzi, C
Squillace, A
Langella, A
Carrino, L
AF Scherillo, F.
Franchitti, S.
Borrelli, R.
Pirozzi, C.
Squillace, A.
Langella, A.
Carrino, L.
BE Chinesta, F
Cueto, E
AbissetChavanne, E
TI Microstructural and micromechanical study of a Ti6Al4V component made by
Electron Beam Melting
LA English
CY APR 27-29, 2016
CL Nantes, FRANCE
AB Additive Layer Manufacturing is one of the most promising and investigated
manufacturing system due to its advantages to produces near net shape components,
also with a very complex shape, in a single shot. Among the different techniques
now available, the Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is of particular interest in the
production of metal components. Particularly the application of this technique to
titanium alloys allows to produces components with a very low buy to fly ratio. In
the present paper the microstructure attained is accurately described and mini
tensile tests performed allowed to understand the fracture behavior of specimen
with the specific microstructure realized under static load.
C1 [Scherillo, F.; Squillace, A.; Langella, A.; Carrino, L.] Univ Naples Federico
II, Dept Chem Mat & Prod Engn, Piazzale Tecchio 80, I-80125 Naples, Italy.
[Franchitti, S.; Borrelli, R.; Pirozzi, C.] Italian Ctr Aerosp Res CIRA, Capua,
Italy.
EM fabio.scherillo@unina.it; S.Franchitti@cira.it; R.Borrelli@cira.it;
C.Pirozzi@cira.it; squillac@unina.it; antonio.langella@unina.it;
luigi.carrino@unina.it
OI Franchitti, Stefania/0000-0002-3064-1285; Borrelli,
Rosario/0000-0002-5848-5958
CR Astarita A, 2014, METALLOGR MICROSTRUC, V3, P460, DOI 10.1007/s13632-014-0171-3
Geels K., 2007, METALLOGRAPHIC MATER, P416
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PI MELVILLE
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1427-3
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2016
VL 1769
AR 190005
DI 10.1063/1.4963615
PG 6
GA BG8SC
UT WOS:000392692600211
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Amerinatanzi, A
Moghaddam, NS
Ibrahim, H
Elahinia, M
AF Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam
Ibrahim, Hamdy
Elahinia, Mohammad
GP ASME
TI Evaluating A NiTi Implant Under Realistic Loads: A Simulation Study
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE
STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2016, VOL 2
SE Proceedings of the ASME Conference on Smart Materials Adaptive
Structures and Intelligent Systems
LA English
Systems
CY SEP 28-30, 2016
CL Stowe, VT
SP ASME, Aerosp Div
DE NiTi; TPMS; Porous implants; Finite Element Analysis
ID MANDIBULAR RECONSTRUCTION PLATES; DEFECTS; FLAP
AB Additive manufacturing (i.e. 3D printing) has only recently be shown as a well-
established technology to create complex shapes and porous structures from
different biocompatible metal powder such as titanium, nitinol, and stainless steel
alloys. This allows for manufacturing bone fixation hardware with patient-specific
geometry and properties (e.g. density and mechanical properties) directly from CAD
files. Superelastic NiTi is one of the most biocompatible alloys with high shock
absorption and biomimetic hysteresis behavior. More importantly, NiTi has the
lowest stiffness (36-68 GPa) among all biocompatible alloys [1]. The stiffness of
NiTi can further be reduced, to the level of the cortical bone (10-31.2 GPa), by
introducing engineered porosity using additive manufacturing [2-4]. The low level
of fixation stiffness allows for bone to receive a stress profile close to that of
healthy bone during the healing period. This enhances the bone remodeling process
(Wolf's Law) which primarily driven by the pattern of stress. Also, this match in
the stiffness of bone and fixation mitigates the problem of stress shielding and
detrimental stress concentrations.
Stress shielding is a known problem for the currently in-use Ti-6A1-4V fixation
hardware. The high stiffness of Ti-6Al-4V (112 GPa) compared to bone results in the
absence of mechanical loading on the adjacent bone that causes loss of bone mass
and density and subsequently bone/implant failure. We have proposed additively
manufactured porous NiTi fixation hardware with a patient-specific stiffness to be
used for the mandibular reconstructive surgery (MRS). In MRS, the use of metallic
fixation hardware and double barrel fibula graft is the standard methodology to
restore the mandible functionality and aesthetic.
A validated finite element model was developed from a dried cadaveric mandible
using CT scan data. The model simulated a patient's mandible after mandibular
reconstructive surgery to compare the performance of the conventional Ti-6A1-4V
fixation hardware with the proposed one (porous superelastic NiTi fixation plates).
An optimized level of porosity was determined to match the NiTi equivalent
stiffness to that of a resected bone, then it was imposed to the simulated fixation
plates. Moreover, the material property of superelastic NiTi was simulated by using
a validated customized code. The code was calibrated by using DSC analysis and
mechanical tests on several prepared bulk samples of Ni-rich NiTi. The model was
run under common activities such as chewing by considering different levels of the
applied fastening torques on screws.
The results show a higher level of stress distribution on mandible cortical bone
in the case of using NiTi fixation plates. Based on wolf's law it can lead to a
lower level of stress shielding on the grafted bone and over time bone can remodel
itself. Moreover, the results suggest an optimum fastening torque for fastening the
screws for the superelastic fixations causes more normal distribution of stress on
the bone similar to that for the healthy mandible. Finally, we successfully
fabricated the stiffness matched porous NiTi fixation plates using selective laser
melting technique, and they were mounted on the dried cadaveric mandible used to
create the finite element model.
C1 [Amerinatanzi, Amirhesam] Univ Toledo, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft
St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Moghaddam, Narges Shayesteh; Ibrahim, Hamdy; Elahinia, Mohammad] Univ Toledo,
Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Amerinatanzi, A (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W
FU State of Ohio Technology Validation and Startup Fund
FX Financial support of the State of Ohio Technology Validation and Startup
Fund is acknowledged.
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NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PI NEW YORK
SN 2153-2001
BN 978-0-7918-5049-7
J9 PROC ASME CONF SMART
PY 2016
AR V002T03A030
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
GA BG8KC
UT WOS:000392361800030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Arie, MA
Shooshtari, AH
Dessiatoun, SV
Ohadi, MM
AF Arie, M. A.
Shooshtari, A. H.
Dessiatoun, S. V.
Ohadi, M. M.
GP ASME
TI Performance Characterization of an Additively Manufactured Titanium
(Ti64) Heat Exchanger for an Air-water Cooling Application
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME SUMMER HEAT TRANSFER CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 2
LA English
CT ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference
CY JUL 10-14, 2016
CL Washington, DC
SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div
ID THERMAL OPTIMIZATION; FABRICATION
AB Over the last decade, rapid development of additive manufacturing techniques has
allowed the fabrication of innovative designs which could not have been
manufactured using conventional fabrication technologies. One field that can
benefit from such technology is heat exchanger fabrication, as heat exchanger
design has become more and more complex due to the demand for higher performance
systems. One specific heat exchanger design that has shown significant performance
enhancement potential over conventional designs and can greatly benefit from
additive manufacturing technology is a manifold-microchannel heat exchanger. It is
a design. that combines careful fluid distribution through appropriate manifolds
with an enhanced heat transfer surface design to achieve specific thermohydraulics
performance expectations. Additive manufacturing allows fins as thin as 150 in to
be fabricated, which is an important enabler feature for the heat exchanger thermal
performance. In addition, additive manufacturing allows the manifold and the
microchannel sections to be fabricated as a single piece, which eliminates the need
to fuse those sections together through a subsequent bonding process. As part of
this work, we fabricated and experimentally tested a high-performance titanium
alloy (Ti64) air-water heat exchanger that utilizes manifold-microchannel design.
The heat exchanger was fabricated using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS)
fabrication technique. The air-side implemented a manifold-microchannel design,
while the water side used multiple rectangular channels in parallel. This was
because the major thermal resistance occurs on the air side. The pressure drop and
heat transfer performance of this heat exchanger were evaluated. The experimental
results showed a noticeable performance reduction compared to the ones projected by
numerical simulation due to an inaccuracy and low fidelity in printing of thin fin
profile. However, despite this manufacturing inaccuracy, compared to a conventional
wavy fin surface, 15% - 50% increase in heat transfer coefficient was possible for
the same pressure drop value. Compared to a plain plate-fin surface, 95% - 110%
increase in heat transfer coefficient was possible for the same pressure drop
value. The air-side heat transfer coefficient in the range of 100 - 450 W/m(2)K was
achievable using manifold-microchannel technology for air-side pressure drop of 90
- 1800Pa. Since metal based additive manufacturing is still in the developmental
stage, it is anticipated that with further refinement of the manufacturing process
in future designs, the fabrication accuracy can be improved.
C1 [Arie, M. A.; Shooshtari, A. H.; Dessiatoun, S. V.; Ohadi, M. M.] Univ Maryland,
Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Arie, MA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742
USA.
FU ARPA-e [DE-AR0000507]
FX Financial support of this work by ARPA-e, Award # DE-AR0000507, directed
by Dr. James Klausner, is greatly acknowledged. The authors wish in
particular to thank Dr. Klausner and Mr. Geoff Short (both of ARPA-e)
for their technical insight and discussions that favorably affected our
design of the modules and the general achievements of the project.
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[Anonymous], DIR MET LAS SINT DML
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NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-5033-6
PY 2016
AR UNSP V002T22A002
PG 4
GA BG8JY
UT WOS:000392359400070
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Popovich, A
Sufiiarov, V
Polozov, I
Borisov, E
Masaylo, D
AF Popovich, Anatoliy
Sufiiarov, Vadim
Polozov, Igor
Borisov, Evgenii
Masaylo, Dmitriy
GP TANGER Ltd
TI ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF INDIVIDUAL IMPLANTS FROM TITANIUM ALLOY
SO METAL 2016: 25TH ANNIVERSARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS
LA English
CT 25th Anniversary International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials
(METAL)
CY MAY 25-27, 2016
CL Brno, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP TANGER Ltd, Tech Univ Ostrava, Czech Soc New Mat & Technologies, Engn Acad Czech
Republ, Czech Metal Soc, Mat Res Soc Serbia, Soc Portuguesa Mat, Austrian Soc Metal
& Mat, Norsk Materialteknisk Selskap, Assoc Italiana Metallurgia, Soc Francaise
Metallurgie & Materiaux
DE Additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; titanium powder; laser
processing
ID PARTS; HIP
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technique for producing complex parts
layer by layer from different metal alloys. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) consists
of melting a previously formed powder layer by laser and fusing layers together
according to the CAD-data. SLM is a promising method for producing custom-made
implants from titanium powders due to the possibility of creating geometrically
complex parts with high mechanical properties directly from the CAD-file.
In the presented work, a hip implant was manufactured by SLM from plasma
atomized Ti-6Al-4V powder. Computer-tomography data of the patient's deformed bone
structure was used for 3D-printing the patient's hip bone model from polyamide.
Then an implant prototype was made from polymer accounting the anatomical features
of the patient. The implant model was 3D-scanned to obtain a CAD-file of the
implants, which was further improved using CAD-software by partial texting of its
surface. Titanium implant was produced by SLM and then annealed to achieve the
better combination of tensile strength and elongation by partial decomposition of
martensitic phase, which allowed the mechanical properties of the produced material
meet the requirements of ASTM F2924 for additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy and
ISO 5832-3 Implants for surgery from titanium 6-aluminum 4-vanadium alloy. The hip
implant has been successfully installed to the patient. The postoperative
supervision has shown a good result. Applying AM for producing the custom hip
implant allowed decrease the operation time and lessen the risk of the infection
ingress.
C1 [Popovich, Anatoliy; Sufiiarov, Vadim; Polozov, Igor; Borisov, Evgenii; Masaylo,
Dmitriy] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St Petersburg, Russia.
RP Polozov, I (reprint author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St
Petersburg, Russia.
EM polozov_ia@spbstu.ru
OI Polozov, Igor/0000-0002-5380-3072; Sufiiarov, Vadim/0000-0002-1889-4183
CR Herberts P, 2000, ACTA ORTHOP SCAND, V71, P111, DOI 10.1080/000164700317413067
LUUUTJERING G., 2000, MICROSTRUCTURE PROPE, P49, DOI [10.1142/4311, DOI
10.1142/4311]
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.020
10.1108/13552540710776142
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU TANGER LTD
PI SLEZSKA
PA KELTICKOVA 62, SLEZSKA, OSTRAVA 710 00, CZECH REPUBLIC
BN 978-80-87294-67-3
PY 2016
BP 1504
EP 1508
PG 5
GA BG7ES
UT WOS:000391251200246
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Fousova, M
Vojtech, D
Kubasek, J
AF Fousova, Michaela
Vojtech, Dalibor
Kubasek, Jiri
GP TANGER Ltd
TI 3D PRINTING OF BIOMEDICAL TITANIUM ALLOY
SO METAL 2016: 25TH ANNIVERSARY INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS
LA English
CT 25th Anniversary International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials
(METAL)
CY MAY 25-27, 2016
CL Brno, CZECH REPUBLIC
SP TANGER Ltd, Tech Univ Ostrava, Czech Soc New Mat & Technologies, Engn Acad Czech
Republ, Czech Metal Soc, Mat Res Soc Serbia, Soc Portuguesa Mat, Austrian Soc Metal
& Mat, Norsk Materialteknisk Selskap, Assoc Italiana Metallurgia, Soc Francaise
Metallurgie & Materiaux
DE 3d printing; slm; titanium; ti-6al-4v alloy
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; BEHAVIOR
AB Selective Laser Melting (SLM), an additive manufacturing technology, shows a
high potential for preparation of biomedical implants, especially from reason of
its capability to achieve geometrically complex shapes. Therefore, a preliminary
research was done in order to characterize microstructure and mechanical properties
of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, one of the most frequently used materials for
orthopaedic implants. As results show, SLM yields comparable strength properties as
the wrought material, thus makes it an appropriate manufacturing alternative. Only
drawback is represented by reduced elongation associated with defect porosity,
which can be, however, optimized by an ideal combination of process parameters. In
conclusion, SLM has a good outlook for the preparation of customized medical
devices exactly reproducing the patient's defect being treated and porous implants
with properties corresponding to human bone enhancing biological and mechanical
fixation.
C1 [Fousova, Michaela; Vojtech, Dalibor; Kubasek, Jiri] Univ Chem & Technol Prague,
Prague, Czech Republic.
RP Fousova, M (reprint author), Univ Chem & Technol Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
RI Kubasek, Jiri/N-4341-2017
OI Kubasek, Jiri/0000-0001-6008-0127
CR Becker T, 2015, S AFR J IND ENG, V26, P93, DOI 10.7166/26-2-1161
Lampman S., 1990, ASM HDB, P592
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.01.024
10.1016/j.msea2013.04.099]
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.020
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PU TANGER LTD
PI SLEZSKA
PA KELTICKOVA 62, SLEZSKA, OSTRAVA 710 00, CZECH REPUBLIC
BN 978-80-87294-67-3
PY 2016
BP 1564
EP 1569
PG 6
GA BG7ES
UT WOS:000391251200256
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Schaub, A
Ahuja, B
Butzhammer, L
Osterziel, J
Schmidt, M
Merklein, M
AF Schaub, Adam
Ahuja, Bhrigu
Butzhammer, Lorenz
Osterziel, Johannes
Schmidt, Michael
Merklein, Marion
BE Schmidt, M
Vollertsen, F
Arnold, CB
TI Additive manufacturing of functional elements on sheet metal
SO LASER ASSISTED NET SHAPE ENGINEERING 9 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES PROCEEDINGS OF THE LANE 2016
SE Physics Procedia
LA English
CT 9th International Conference on Photonic Technologies (LANE)
CY SEP 19-22, 2016
CL Furth, GERMANY
SP Int Acad Prod Engn, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technologies, German Acad Soc Prod
Engn, German Sci Laser Soc, Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gmbh, Univ Erlangen Nurnberg,
Inst Photon Technologies
DE Laser Beam Melting; Additive Manufacturing; Titanium alloy
AB Laser Beam Melting (LBM) process with its advantages of high design flexibility
and free form manufacturing methodology is often applied limitedly due to its low
productivity and unsuitability for mass production compared to conventional
manufacturing processes. In order to overcome these limitations, a hybrid
manufacturing methodology is developed combining the additive manufacturing process
of laser beam melting with sheet forming processes. With an interest towards
aerospace and medical industry, the material in focus is Ti-6Al-4V. Although Ti-
6Al-4V is a commercially established material and its application for LBM process
has been extensively investigated, the combination of LBM of Ti-6Al-4V with sheet
metal still needs to be researched. Process dynamics such as high temperature
gradients and thermally induced stresses lead to complex stress states at the
interaction zone between the sheet and LBM structure. Within the presented paper
mechanical characterization of hybrid parts will be performed by shear testing. The
association of shear strength with process parameters is further investigated by
analyzing the internal structure of the hybrid geometry at varying energy inputs
during the LBM process. In order to compare the hybrid manufacturing methodology
with conventional fabrication, the conventional methodologies subtractive machining
and state of the art Laser Beam Melting is evaluated within this work. These
processes will be analyzed for their mechanical characteristics and productivity by
determining the build time and raw material consumption for each case. The paper is
concluded by presenting the characteristics of the hybrid manufacturing methodology
compared to alternative manufacturing technologies. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier
B.V.
C1 [Ahuja, Bhrigu; Butzhammer, Lorenz; Schmidt, Michael] Friedrich Alexander Univ
Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Photon Technol LPT, Konrad Zuse Str 3-5, D-91052 Erlangen,
Germany.
[Schaub, Adam; Osterziel, Johannes; Merklein, Marion] Friedrich Alexander Univ
Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Mfg Technol, Egerlandstr 13, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
[Ahuja, Bhrigu; Butzhammer, Lorenz; Schmidt, Michael] Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt
Technol SAOT, Paul Gordan Str 6, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany.
[Schmidt, Michael] Bayer Laserzentrum GmbH Blz, Konrad Zuse Str 2, D-91052
Erlangen, Germany.
RP Butzhammer, L (reprint author), Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst
Photon Technol LPT, Konrad Zuse Str 3-5, D-91052 Erlangen, Germany.; Butzhammer, L
(reprint author), Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technol SAOT, Paul Gordan Str 6, D-
91052 Erlangen, Germany.
EM lorenz.butzhammer@lpt.uni-erlangen.de
RI Schmidt, Michael/K-1407-2013
OI Schmidt, Michael/0000-0002-8072-8768
CR Ahuja B., 2015, P SPIE
Ahuja B, 2014, PHYSCS PROC, V56, P90, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.102
[Anonymous], 2002, 1561411200210 DIN EN
Gebhardt A., 2013, GENERATIVE FERTIGUNG
Lutjering G., 2007, ENG MAT PROCESSES
Schaub A., 2014, ENG MAT, V611-612, P609
Thomas D., 2009, DEV DESIGN RULES SEL
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1875-3892
J9 PHYSCS PROC
PY 2016
VL 83
BP 797
EP 807
DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.082
PG 11
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BG2LY
UT WOS:000387459400085
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Kaufmann, N
Imran, M
Wischeropp, TM
Emmelmann, C
Siddique, S
Walther, F
AF Kaufmann, N.
Imran, M.
Wischeropp, T. M.
Emmelmann, C.
Siddique, S.
Walther, F.
BE Schmidt, M
Vollertsen, F
Arnold, CB
TI Influence of process parameters on the quality of aluminium alloy EN AW
7075 using selective laser melting (SLM)
SO LASER ASSISTED NET SHAPE ENGINEERING 9 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES PROCEEDINGS OF THE LANE 2016
SE Physics Procedia
LA English
CT 9th International Conference on Photonic Technologies (LANE)
CY SEP 19-22, 2016
CL Furth, GERMANY
SP Int Acad Prod Engn, Erlangen Grad Sch Adv Opt Technologies, German Acad Soc Prod
Engn, German Sci Laser Soc, Bayerisches Laserzentrum Gmbh, Univ Erlangen Nurnberg,
Inst Photon Technologies
DE EN AW 7075; aluminium alloy; hot cracks; relative density; selective
laser melting (SLM)
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing process, forming the
desired geometry by selective layer fusion of powder material. Unlike conventional
manufacturing processes, highly complex parts can be manufactured with high
accuracy and little post processing. Currently, different steel, aluminium,
titanium and nickel-based alloys have been successfully processed; however, high
strength aluminium alloy EN AW 7075 has not been processed with satisfying quality.
The main focus of the investigation is to develop the SLM process for the wide used
aluminium alloy EN AW 7075. Before process development, the gas-atomized powder
material was characterized in terms of statistical distribution: size and shape. A
wide range of process parameters were selected to optimize the process in terms of
optimum volume density. The investigations resulted in a relative density of over
99 %. However, all laser-melted parts exhibit hot cracks which typically appear in
aluminium alloy EN AW 7075 during the welding process. Furthermore the influence of
processing parameters on the chemical composition of the selected alloy was
determined.
C1 [Kaufmann, N.; Wischeropp, T. M.; Emmelmann, C.] Hamburg Univ Technol TUHH, Inst
Laser & Syst Technol ILAS, Denickestr 17, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
[Imran, M.; Siddique, S.; Walther, F.] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Mat Test Engn WPT,
Baroper Str 303, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
[Emmelmann, C.] LZN Laser Zentrum Nord GmbH, Schleusengraben 14, D-21029
Hamburg, Germany.
RP Kaufmann, N (reprint author), Hamburg Univ Technol TUHH, Inst Laser & Syst
Technol ILAS, Denickestr 17, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
EM n.kaufmann@tuhh.de
CR Boyer HE, 1986, ATLAS FATIGUE CURVES
Dilthey U, 2005, VDI-BUCH, P1, DOI 10.1007/b139036
[Anonymous], 2013, 5733 DIN EN
Fahrenwaldt H. J., 2006, PRAXISWISSEN SCHWEIB
Grund M., 2015, IMPLEMENTIERUNG SCHI
Korner C., 2012, ALUMINIUM TASCHENBUC
Munsch M., 2013, REDUZIERUNG EIGENSPA
Stiess M., 2009, MECH VERFAHRENSTECHN, V1
Tang Z., 2014, HEISSRISSVERMEIDUNG
VDI, 2013, 3405 VDI
Wagner L, 2011, INT J STRUCT INTEGR, V2, P185, DOI 10.1108/17579861111135923
Zhang D., 2004, ENTWICKLUNG SELECTIV
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 20
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1875-3892
J9 PHYSCS PROC
PY 2016
VL 83
BP 918
EP 926
DI 10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.096
PG 9
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BG2LY
UT WOS:000387459400099
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Riemer, A
Richard, HA
AF Riemer, Andre
Richard, Hans Albert
BE Iacoviello, F
Susmel, L
Firrao, D
Ferro, G
TI Crack Propagation in Additive Manufactured Materials and Structures
SO 21ST EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON FRACTURE, (ECF21)
LA English
CT 21st European Conference on Fracture (ECF)
CY JUN 20-24, 2016
CL Catania, ITALY
DE Selective Laser Melting; titanium alloy Ti-6-4; stainless steel AISI
316L; threshold values of fatigue crack growth; da/dN-Delta K-curves;
crack simulation in a hip joint implant
AB Additive manufacturing processes gain more and more interest, among others, due
to the feasibility for production of lightweight metallic components directly from
design data. Selective laser melting (SLM) is a very promising direct manufacturing
(DM) technique for fabrication of near net shape components. The reasons for this
are the relative high surface quality and bulk density of SLM processed parts.
Still, process induced imperfections, i.e. residual stresses upon processing, need
to be considered for future applications, in particular in the aerospace and
biomedical sectors. Moreover, fatigue loading is a critical scenario for such
components and needs to be investigated thoroughly.
In this paper, results from fatigue crack propagation tests on biocompatible
SLM-materials (titanium alloy Ti-6-4 and stainless steel AISI 316L) will be
presented. For that purpose, fracture mechanical analyses were carried out on these
materials. For Ti-6-4 various treatments were taken into account. It could be
shown, which optimization steps are required in order to achieve fracture
mechanical properties that are comparable to the reference material. In case of
316L, crack growth data for different process parameter sets (different build-up
rates) were examined and compared to make conclusions about the influence of
increased buildup rate on resultant crack growth behavior. Finally, based on the
insights deduced from foregoing tests on Ti-6-4 crack growth propagation and the
lifetime were simulated numerically by the use of the software ADAPCRACK3D.
Copyright (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Riemer, Andre; Richard, Hans Albert] Univ Paderborn, Inst Appl Mech, Pohlweg
47-49, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Riemer, Andre; Richard, Hans Albert] Univ Paderborn, Direct Mfg Res Ctr,
Mersinweg 3, D-33100 Paderborn, Germany.
RP Riemer, A (reprint author), Univ Paderborn, Inst Appl Mech, Pohlweg 47-49, D-
33098 Paderborn, Germany.; Riemer, A (reprint author), Univ Paderborn, Direct Mfg
Res Ctr, Mersinweg 3, D-33100 Paderborn, Germany.
EM andre.riemer@gmx.de
CR Gausemeier J, 2011, THINKING AHEAD FUTUR
8506(07)63240-5
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
6
6955(01)00093-1
Pauwels F., 1980, BIOMECHANICS LOCOMOT
Richard H. A., 2012, ERMUDUNGSRISSE ERKEN
Riemer A., 2015, THESIS
Schollmann M, 2003, ENG FRACT MECH, V70, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00028-0
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 11
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2452-3216
PY 2016
VL 2
BP 1229
EP 1236
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.157
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA BG3KT
UT WOS:000387976801037
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU La Rosa, G
Clienti, C
Mineo, R
Audenino, A
AF La Rosa, Guido
Clienti, Carmelo
Mineo, Rosalia
Audenino, Alberto
BE Iacoviello, F
Susmel, L
Firrao, D
Ferro, G
TI Experimental analysis of pedicle screws
LA English
CY JUN 20-24, 2016
CL Catania, ITALY
DE Pedicle screw; EBM; pull out test; bending test; photoelasticity; FE
analysis
ID RAPID-DETERMINATION; FIXATION
AB Aim of this study is to examine the mechanical properties of pedicle screws in
titanium alloy obtained by the process of additive manufacturing (Electron Beam
Melting, EBM) and compare them with those of screws obtained with traditional
techniques. EBM is a methodology able to process metallic powders layer-by-layer.
Pedicle screw-produced by the EBM process by the MT Ortho (VS), and commercial
screws (VC and VT) were examined.
VS screws showed lower resistance to pull-out tests than VC and VT screws. This
behavior can be attributed to a lower sharpness and a lower depth of thread. These
features, which may be negative from the point of view of the resistance to pull-
out tests, could have positive effects from the point of view of stress
concentration on bone. To analyze these effects, fatigue pull-out tests were also
carried out and the different screw-bone interface behavior was evaluated using
photoelasticity and finite element analysis.
The results obtained by numerical simulation confirm what was previously stated,
a thread with a geometry less sharpened ensures a better distribution of the loads
and reduces the notch effect, allowing a balance of the disadvantage due to the
lower primary stabilization.
The fatigue limit and fatigue curve were obtained by the thermographic
(Risitano) method. Even with a limited number of tests, the thermographic technique
allows the prediction of the limit of fatigue and of the whole fatigue curve.
Copyright (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [La Rosa, Guido; Clienti, Carmelo] Univ Catania, Dept Ind Engn, Viale Andrea
Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
[Mineo, Rosalia] MT Ortho Srl, Via Fossa Lupo, I-95025 Catania, Italy.
[Audenino, Alberto] Politecn Torino, Dept Mech & Aerospatial Engn, I-10129
Turin, Italy.
RP La Rosa, G (reprint author), Univ Catania, Dept Ind Engn, Viale Andrea Doria 6,
I-95125 Catania, Italy.
DAFTARI TK, 1994, J SPINAL DISORD, V7, P139, DOI 10.1097/00002517-199407020-
00007
Fargione G, 2002, INT J FATIGUE, V24, P11, DOI 10.1016/S0142-1123(01)00107-4
Gaines RW, 2000, J BONE JOINT SURG AM, V82A, P1458, DOI 10.2106/00004623-
200010000-00013
La Rosa G, 2000, INT J FATIGUE, V22, P65, DOI 10.1016/S0142-1123(99)00088-2
MCLAIN RF, 1995, J SPINAL DISORD, V8, P62
Pfeiffer M, 1996, SPINE, V21, P1037, DOI 10.1097/00007632-199605010-00009
Risitano A., 2012, Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, V8, P91
Risitano A, 2015, P I MECH ENG C-J MEC, V229, P1315, DOI
10.1177/0954406215572429
ROLANDER SD, 1966, ACTA ORTHOP SCAND, VS, P1
WEINSTEIN JN, 1992, CLIN ORTHOPAEDICS, V284, P34
YUAN HA, 1994, SPINE, V19, pS2279
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2452-3216
PY 2016
VL 2
BP 1244
EP 1251
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.159
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA BG3KT
UT WOS:000387976801039
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Mirone, G
Barbagallo, R
Corallo, D
Di Bella, S
AF Mirone, G.
Barbagallo, R.
Corallo, D.
Di Bella, S.
BE Iacoviello, F
Susmel, L
Firrao, D
Ferro, G
TI Static and dynamic response of titanium alloy produced by electron beam
melting
LA English
CY JUN 20-24, 2016
CL Catania, ITALY
DE Ti6A14V; true curve; Strain rate
AB The suitability of Titanium alloys for many specialized applications requiring
excellent performances at both static and dynamic strain rates, benefits of modem
manufacturing technologies like the additive manufacturing, oriented toward the
obtainment of complicated component shapes.
The EBM methodology for the production of Ti6A14V components is based on the
localized melting of alloy powders by way of guided electron beams scanning the
powder volume by successive planar trajectories; for this reason, the whole
production process may confer a certain degree of anisotropy to the components. The
material behavior of the EBM alloy may be orientation-dependent in terms of stress-
strain elastoplastic response as well as in terms of damage sensitivity and ductile
fracture under given triaxiality histories.
The static and dynamic behavior of a sintered Ti6A14V alloy is investigated here
by way of quasistatic tension-torsion tests and dynamic tensile Hopkinson bar
(SHTB) tests. The outcome of the latter experiments, compared to similar tests
results from the literature concerning Ti alloy obtained by classical metallurgical
techniques, gives some indications about how the technological process may affect
the final performance of the material and the component. (C) 2016 The Authors.
C1 [Mirone, G.; Barbagallo, R.; Corallo, D.] Univ Catania, Vle A Doria 6, I-95125
Catania, Italy.
[Di Bella, S.] MT Ortho Srl, Via Fossa Lupo Sn, I-95025 Aci St Antonio, CT,
Italy.
RP Mirone, G (reprint author), Univ Catania, Vle A Doria 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy.
CR Allahverdizadeh N, 2015, INT J MECH SCI, V93, P32, DOI
10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2015.01.005
Galan J, 2013, STRAIN, V49, P354, DOI 10.1111/str.12042
Mirone G, 2004, INT J SOLIDS STRUCT, V41, P3545, DOI
10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.02.011
Nadai A., 1963, THEORY FLOW FRACTURE
Peirs J, 2011, INT J IMPACT ENG, V38, P406, DOI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2011.01.004
Rizza F., 2015, THESIS
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2452-3216
PY 2016
VL 2
BP 2355
EP 2366
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.295
PG 12
SC Engineering
GA BG3KT
UT WOS:000387976802052
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Benedetti, M
Cazzolli, M
Fontanari, V
Leoni, M
AF Benedetti, M.
Cazzolli, M.
Fontanari, V.
Leoni, M.
BE Iacoviello, F
Susmel, L
Firrao, D
Ferro, G
TI Fatigue limit of Ti6A14V alloy produced by Selective Laser Sintering
LA English
CY JUN 20-24, 2016
CL Catania, ITALY
DE Additive manufacturing; SLM; 3D printing; Ti64; fatigue; powder
metallurgy
ID BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V
AB 3D printing is an advanced manufacturing technology for producing metal
components, and titanium is a typical alloy that is used in this technique. Some
limitations and peculiarity should be considered during the design of components by
additive manufacturing. We adopted the most common technique to produce the
samples, the selective laser sintering (SLS). In this case the remaining porosity
and the surface roughness are affecting negatively the fatigue life. In this study
the effects of porosity and surface roughness were studied by performing push-pull
tests (R=-1) in a Rumul resonant machine to evaluate the fatigue limit in different
conditions. Samples were built by SLS from Ti64 ELI biomedical grade powder. After
building, all samples were thermal treated at 670 degrees C to relax residual
stresses due to the building process. At this step the microstructure was
characterized, it was found to be martensitic (alpha'). A first lot of samples, as
benchmark, was tested in this condition and in the present work are simply called
"as built". Part of the samples were treated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP), by
performing this process we obtained the full density, removing the pores still
present in the microstructure. The HIP was performed at 920 degrees C, so not only
the density was modified by this process, but also the microstructure. The HIP
worked as a thermal treatment in the alpha+13 field and the result is that the
microstructure is extremely different from the previous condition. It is a lamellar
alpha+13 microstructure. To have a significant comparison between the results part
of the remaining samples was thermal treated at the same temperature and for the
same holding time as for the hipped samples to obtain the same microstructure,
maintaining the residual porosity typical of the SLM process. Wohler curves were
determined from push-pull test to have a direct comparison of the fatigue
performance between the different conditions. Copyright (C) 2016 The Authors.
C1 [Benedetti, M.; Cazzolli, M.; Fontanari, V.] Univ Trento, Dept Ind Engn, Via
Sommarive 9, I-38123 Trento, IT, Italy.
[Leoni, M.] Univ Trento, Dept Civil Enviromental & Mech Engn, Via Mesiano 77, I-
38123 Trento, IT, Italy.
RP Benedetti, M (reprint author), Univ Trento, Dept Ind Engn, Via Sommarive 9, I-
38123 Trento, IT, Italy.
CR Frazier WE, 2014, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V23, P1917, DOI 10.1007/s11665-014-0958-z
Kaufui V. W., 2012, ISRN MECH ENG, V2012, P1
Lewis G, 2013, J MATER SCI-MATER M, V24, P2293, DOI 10.1007/s10856-013-4998-y
Pederson R., 2002, MICROSTRUCTURE PHASE, P27
Sterling A, 2015, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V133, P576, DOI
10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12.632
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.011
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 20
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2452-3216
PY 2016
VL 2
BP 3158
EP 3167
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.394
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA BG3KT
UT WOS:000387976803029
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Chastand, V
Tezenas, A
Cadoret, Y
Quaegebeur, P
Maia, W
Charkaluk, E
AF Chastand, Victor
Tezenas, Astrid
Cadoret, Yannick
Quaegebeur, Philippe
Maia, Wilson
Charkaluk, Eric
BE Iacoviello, F
Susmel, L
Firrao, D
Ferro, G
TI Fatigue characterization of Titanium Ti-6A1-4V samples produced by
LA English
CY JUN 20-24, 2016
CL Catania, ITALY
DE Additive Manufacturing; Fatigue; Titanium
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; TI6AL4V; FUTURE
AB Additive Manufacturing offers real opportunities in Thales, since it enables a
flexible and cost-effective production of metallic components directly from a 3D
digital data model. The manufacture of the parts, layer by layer, allows building
more complex geometries by adding new functionalities or reducing the weight. The
products of Thales can be more competitive and attractive. Studying and analysing
the mechanical properties of such samples is essential. In order to be able to
choose the eligible parts, design these parts and ensure their robustness, it is
necessary to understand the static and fatigue behaviour of materials built by
Additive Manufacturing and, more particularly, the damaging process regarding the
microstructure.
Following a first study on the static properties of a Titanium alloy used within
Thales, a large set of fatigue tests, including both HCF and LCF, have been
performed to evaluate the fatigue performances of Ti-6Al-4V samples built by a
powder bed fusion process. The fatigue mechanisms and the obtained lifetimes were
compared with more conventional processes (casting, wrought). In this paper, the
results of these fatigue tests on Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) samples will be presented.
Different parameters have been compared: building orientation, heat treatment (HIP)
and post-machining. The fracture mechanisms have also been analysed by performing a
correlation between the microstructure analysis (porosity, metallography) and
fractographies. It is shown that fatigue performances depend on the selected
parameters but these effects are different, depending on the loading domain (HCF,
LCF). Copyright (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Chastand, Victor; Tezenas, Astrid; Cadoret, Yannick; Maia, Wilson] Thales
Global Serv, 19-21 Ave Morane Saulnier, F-78140 Velizy Villacoublay, France.
[Chastand, Victor; Quaegebeur, Philippe; Charkaluk, Eric] CNRS, LML, UMR 8107,
Cite Sci, F-59650 Villeneuve Dascq, France.
RP Chastand, V (reprint author), Thales Global Serv, 19-21 Ave Morane Saulnier, F-
78140 Velizy Villacoublay, France.; Chastand, V (reprint author), CNRS, LML, UMR
8107, Cite Sci, F-59650 Villeneuve Dascq, France.
EM victor.chastand@thalesgroup.com
CR AFNOR, 1990, A03403 AFNOR NF
American Standard for Testing and Material International, 2012, F2792 ASTM
American Standard for Testing and Material International, 2014, F2924 ASTM
5093(96)10233-1
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.025
10.1016/j.msea2013.04.099]
Reeves P., 2009, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURI
10.1108/13552541111124770
Thone M., 2012, 23 ANN INT SOL FREEF
Wohlers T. T., 2013, WOHLERS REPORT
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 9
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2452-3216
PY 2016
VL 2
BP 3168
EP 3176
DI 10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.395
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA BG3KT
UT WOS:000387976803030
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, R. M.
Akinlabi, E. T.
TI Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of Laser Metal Deposited
Titanium Alloy
SO LASERS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 3rd International Conference on Lasers and Plasma Applications in
Materials Science (LAPAMS)
CY JAN 15-17, 2015
CL Kolkata, INDIA
DE Nd:YAG laser; titanium alloy; Ti6Al4V/TiC composite; laser material
deposition (LMD); microstructure; microhardness; tensile strength;
macroscopic banding
ID EVOLUTION
AB Laser metal deposition (LMD) process is an additive manufacturing technology
that is capable of producing complex part directly from the three-dimensional (3-D)
computer-aided design (CAD) model of the part being produced simply by adding
materials layer after layer. In this study, laser metal deposited Ti6Al4V was
characterized in terms of the microstructure and microhardness. The influence of
laser power on these properties was thoroughly investigated by varying the laser
power between 1.0 and 3.2 kW while the scanning speed, powder flow rate and the gas
flow rate were kept constant The results obtained reveals that the average
microhardness increases as the laser power was increased. It was also observed in
the microstructure, the presence of layer band or macroscopic banding which is
phenomenon because it was only reported in the literature for multilayer deposits.
C1 [Mahamood, R. M.; Akinlabi, E. T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci,
Kingsway Canpus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Mahamood, R. M.] Univ Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin 23400003, Nigeria.
RP Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, Kingsway
Canpus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.; Mahamood, RM (reprint author), Univ
Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin 23400003, Nigeria.
CR [Anonymous], 2011, E311 ASTM INT
[Anonymous], 2011, E38411E1 ASTM INT
0136(96)00030-1
0136(02)00865-8
Mahamood R.M., 2012, WCE 2012 4 6 JUL 201, P1593
Majumdar JD, 2005, APPL SURF SCI, V247, P373, DOI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.01.131
Majumdar JD, 2004, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V385, P113, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2004.06.009
Mazumder J, 2010, ADV DIRECT METAL DEP
Ramasubbu V., 2011, INT MATER REV, V56, P341
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU OLD CITY PUBLISHING INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 628 NORTH 2ND ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19123 USA
SN 0898-1507
EI 1029-029X
J9 LASER ENG
JI Laser Eng.
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 1-4
SI SI
BP 27
EP 38
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA EE6XG
UT WOS:000389756900004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU He, BB
Gu, DD
Wang, LF
Guo, LJ
AF He, B-B.
Gu, D-D.
Wang, L-F.
Guo, L-J.
TI Numerical Simulation of the Thermal Behaviour of a Ti-Ni Shape Memory
Alloy During Selective Laser Melting
SO LASERS IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-Ni alloy; shape memory alloy; selective laser melting (SLM);
numerical simulation; additive manufacturing (AM); finite element method
(FEM); temperature distribution; cooling rate
ID 2-COMPONENT METAL-POWDER; DRY SLIDING WEAR; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; HEAT-TRANSFER; STEEL
POWDER; TITANIUM; SUPERALLOY; LAYER
AB A three-dimensional (3-D) finite element method (FEM) model was developed to
simulate the thermal behaviour during selective laser melting of Ti-Ni two-
component powder in the ration 60:40. The moving heat source with a Gaussian
distribution was considered in the simulation. The development of temperature
distributions, molten pool configurations and cooling rates were comprehensively
investigated. The numerical results showed the maximum temperature of the molten
pool was increased from 1858 to 2429 degrees C and the resultant molten pool
dimensions were enlarged (width: from 44 to 215 mu m; depth: from 34 to 98 mu m) as
the laser power increased from 150 to 300 W at a constant scan velocity of 100
mm/s. In contrast, the maximum temperature of the molten pool was decreased from
2345 to 1702 degrees C and the corresponding molten pool sizes were lowered (width:
from 152 to 39 mu m; depth: from 88 to 11 mu m) when the scan velocity increased
from 50 to 200 mm/s at a fixed laser power of 200 W. The average temperature of the
powder bed increased as the selective laser melting (SLM) process proceeded. The
cooling rates were negative before the laser beam reached the centre of the top
surface of powder bed, whereas the cooling rates were positive as the laser beam
moved away. The maximum cooling rate was found to occur near the centre of the top
surface of the powder bed.
C1 [He, B-B.; Gu, D-D.] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci & Technol,
Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[He, B-B.; Gu, D-D.] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg Printing
3D, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wang, L-F.; Guo, L-J.] Shanghai Aerosp Equipments Mfg, Huaning Rd 100, Shanghai
Technol, Yudao St 29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Gu, DD (reprint
author), Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg Printing 3D, Yudao St
29, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund [SAST2015053];
Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20130035];
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0854];
Science and Technology Support Program (The Industrial Part), Jiangsu
Provincial Department of Science and Technology of China [BE2014009-2];
333 Project [BRA2015368]; Pro-gram for Distinguished Talents of Six
Domains in Jiangsu Province of China [2013-XCL-028]; Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities [NE2013103]
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51575267 and 51322509),
the Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Innovation Fund
(SAST2015053) the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of
China (BK20130035), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University (NCET-13-0854), the Science and Technology Support Program
(The Industrial Part), Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and
Technology of China (BE2014009-2), the 333 Project (No. BRA2015368), the
Pro-gram for Distinguished Talents of Six Domains in Jiangsu Province of
China (2013-XCL-028), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (NE2013103).
CR Alimardani M, 2007, OPT LASER ENG, V45, P1115, DOI
[10.1016/j.optlaseng.2007.06.010, 10.1016/j.optlaseiig.2007.06.010]
Chen TB, 2006, J MANUF SCI E-T ASME, V128, P299, DOI 10.1115/1.2122947
Chen TB, 2007, APPL PHYS A-MATER, V86, P213, DOI 10.1007/s00339-006-3739-1
Cheng TB, 2004, NUMER HEAT TR A-APPL, V46, P633, DOI 10.1080/104077890504177
Childs THC, 2005, P I MECH ENG B-J ENG, V219, P379, DOI 10.1243/09544050X33201
Dai K, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P69, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.028
Dai K, 2005, ACTA MAT, V53, P4743
Dutil Y, 2011, RENEW SUST ENERG REV, V15, P112, DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2010.06.011
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.04.019
Gao F, 2008, MATER CHARACT, V59, P1349, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2008.05.007
Gao F, 2008, INTERMETALLICS, V16, P202, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2007.09.008
Griffiths J, 2012, LASER ENG, V22, P401
Gusarov A.V., 2007, J HEAT TRANSFER, V131
Jerrard PGE, 2012, LASER ENG, V22, P371
Jia QB, 2014, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V62, P161, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2014.03.008
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.06.001
9127-4
Li RD, 2013, LASER ENG, V25, P23
6955(01)00093-1
Mishra S, 2013, OPT LASER ENG, V51, P681, DOI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2013.01.006
Riedlbauer D, 2014, COMP MATER SCI, V93, P239, DOI
10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.06.046
Shi YJ, 2007, OPT LASER ENG, V45, P83, DOI 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2006.04.006
Shuai CJ, 2013, LASER ENG, V26, P71
Wang JH, 2012, LASER ENG, V23, P395
Yin J, 2012, COMP MATER SCI, V53, P333, DOI 10.1016/j.commatsci.2011.09.012
Zhang YW, 2000, J HEAT TRANS-T ASME, V122, P150, DOI 10.1115/1.521445
Zhou JH, 2009, INT J HEAT MASS TRAN, V52, P3137, DOI
NR 48
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 19
PU OLD CITY PUBLISHING INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 628 NORTH 2ND ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19123 USA
SN 0898-1507
EI 1029-029X
J9 LASER ENG
JI Laser Eng.
PY 2016
VL 34
IS 4-6
BP 371
EP 394
PG 24
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Materials Science; Optics
GA EE6XC
UT WOS:000389756500011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Anatoliy, P
Vadim, S
Igor, P
Evgenii, B
Dmitriy, M
AF Anatoliy, Popovich
Vadim, Sufiiarov
Igor, Polozov
Evgenii, Borisov
Dmitriy, Masaylo
BE Chua, CK
Yeong, WY
Tan, MJ
Liu, E
Tor, SB
TI PRODUCING HIP IMPLANTS OF TITANIUM ALLOYS BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PROGRESS IN ADDITIVE
MANUFACTURING (PRO-AM 2016)
SE Proceedings of the International Conference on Progress in Additive
Manufacturing
LA English
CT 2nd International Conference on Progress in Additive Manufacturing
(Pro-AM)
CY MAY 16-19, 2016
CL Nanyang Technolog Univ, SINGAPORE
HO Nanyang Technolog Univ
DE selective laser melting; additive manufacturing; hip implant; titanium
alloys
ID ARTHROPLASTY; PARTS
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and in particular Selective Laser
Melting (SLM) allow making complex-shaped individual implants of titanium alloys
with high biocompatibility, mechanical properties and improved osseointergration by
surface texturing. In this work the possibility of producing a custom-made hip
implant from Ti-6Al-4V powder according to the data acquired by computer tomography
of the patient is shown. Different heat treatments were applied in order to achieve
the better combination of tensile strength and elongation by partial decomposition
of martensitic phase. The implant has been installed to the patient, the
postoperative supervision has shown a good result, the patient can move with the
installed implant. Applying AM for producing the custom hip implant allowed to
decrease the operation time and lessen the risk of the infection ingress.
C1 [Anatoliy, Popovich] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Inst Met Mech Engn
& Transport, Polytech Skaya 29, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
[Vadim, Sufiiarov; Igor, Polozov; Evgenii, Borisov; Dmitriy, Masaylo] Peter
Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Res Lab Funct Mat, Polytech Skaya 29, St
RP Anatoliy, P (reprint author), Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, Inst Met
Mech Engn & Transport, Polytech Skaya 29, St Petersburg 195251, Russia.
RI Sufiiarov, Vadim/G-1610-2014
OI Sufiiarov, Vadim/0000-0002-1889-4183
CR Deirmengian GK, 2011, J BONE JOINT SURG AM, V93A, P1842, DOI
10.2106/JBJS.J.01197
Herberts P, 2000, ACTA ORTHOP SCAND, V71, P111, DOI 10.1080/000164700317413067
Luuutjering G., 2000, MICROSTRUCTURE PROPE, V2, P49, DOI [10.1142/4311, DOI
10.1142/4311.]
Popovich Anatoliy, 2015, KEY ENG MATER, P677, DOI
[10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.651-653.677, DOI
10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.651-653.677.]
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.020
10.1108/13552540710776142
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU RESEARCH PUBLISHING SERVICES
PI SINGAPORE
PA NO 83 GENTING LANE, #08-01, GENTING BUILDING, SINGAPORE, 349568,
SINGAPORE
SN 2424-8967
J9 PR INT C PROGR ADD M
PY 2016
BP 134
EP 139
DI 10.3850/2424-8967_V02-063
PG 6
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA BG3IK
UT WOS:000387949300022
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Choy, SY
Sun, CN
Leong, KF
Tan, KE
Wei, J
AF Choy, S. Y.
Sun, C. N.
Leong, K. F.
Tan, K. E.
Wei, J.
BE Chua, CK
Yeong, WY
Tan, MJ
Liu, E
Tor, SB
TI FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Manufacturing
LA English
(Pro-AM)
CY MAY 16-19, 2016
DE 3D printing; additive manufacturing; functional gradient; Selective
Laser Melting; lattice structure
AB Functionally graded material (FGM) is a new generation of engineered material
with changes in the properties of material by varying structural design or material
composition. The fabrication of FGM by conventional techniques mostly offer control
in varying composition and hardly offer control in varying structural design. The
flexibility of structural design provided by additive manufacturing such as
selective laser melting (SLM) makes it an outstanding technique to fabricate FGM.
In this research, an overview of FGM fabrication techniques was presented covering
both conventional techniques and various additive manufacturing techniques. On the
other hand, fabrication of a FGM with varying structural design was demonstrated
using SLM technique and titanium alloy as material. The structural design
fabricated by SLM was periodic cellular structures with cubic unit. To obtain FGM,
the structure was varied by change in strut thickness continuously and linearly in
single direction. Results showed that the complex design was successfully
fabricated by SLM and achieved nearly full-dense strut for the fabricated part.
C1 [Choy, S. Y.; Sun, C. N.; Leong, K. F.; Tan, K. E.; Wei, J.] Nanyang Technol
Univ, SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit Mfg 3D, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798,
Singapore.
[Choy, S. Y.; Leong, K. F.; Tan, K. E.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp
Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Sun, C. N.; Wei, J.] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol, 71 Nanyang Dr, Singapore
638075, Singapore.
RP Choy, SY (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, SIMTech NTU Joint Lab Addit Mfg
3D, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.; Choy, SY (reprint author),
Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, 50 Nanyang
Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
CR Chung H, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V487, P251, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.10.082
Cooley W. G., 2005, APPL FUNCTIONALLY GR
Hazlehurst KB, 2014, MATER DESIGN, V60, P177, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.03.068
Hussein AY, 2013, DEV LIGHTWEIGHT CELL
Kalita SJ, 2003, MAT SCI ENG C-BIO S, V23, P611, DOI 10.1016/S0928-
4931(03)00052-3
Khan Sabah, 2015, INT J SCI ENG RES, V6, P1150
Low K. H., 2014, SELECTIVE LASER MELT
Miyamoto Y., 1999, FUNCTIONALLY GRADED
Niendorf T, 2014, ADV ENG MATER, V16, P857, DOI 10.1002/adem.201300579
10.1016/J.JMAPR0.2011.01.004
Yang Shanglei, 2007, China Welding, V16, P19
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 18
PI SINGAPORE
SINGAPORE
SN 2424-8967
PY 2016
BP 206
EP 211
DI 10.3850/2424-8967_V02-153
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BG3IK
UT WOS:000387949300034
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Khoo, ZX
Ong, C
Liu, Y
Chua, CK
Leong, KF
Yang, SF
AF Khoo, Z. X.
Ong, C.
Liu, Y.
Chua, C. K.
Leong, K. F.
Yang, S. F.
BE Chua, CK
Yeong, WY
Tan, MJ
Liu, E
Tor, SB
TI SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OF NICKEL TITANIUM SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
Manufacturing
LA English
(Pro-AM)
CY MAY 16-19, 2016
DE 3D printing; 4D printing; additive manufacturing; selective laser
melting; shape memory alloys
AB Nickel titanium (NiTi) is a type of shape memory alloy (SMA) that is difficult
to process by conventional manufacturing methods. Thus, Selective Laser Melting
(SLM), which is a form of additive manufacturing technology, has been proposed as a
potential solution. In this paper, different NiTi samples have been fabricated by
using the SLM. The laser power and laser scanning speed were varied from 10 to 100
W and from 100 to 6000 mm/s respectively while keeping the rest of the process
parameters as constant. The samples with the highest bulk densities and dimensional
accuracy were found to be in the range from 50 to 60 W and from 3100 to 4000 mm/s.
These samples were then subjected to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
testing to determine the presence of phase transformation.
C1 [Khoo, Z. X.; Ong, C.; Liu, Y.; Chua, C. K.; Leong, K. F.; Yang, S. F.] Nanyang
Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RP Khoo, ZX (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50
Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RI Liu, Yong/G-5084-2010; Yang, Shoufeng/A-3693-2009
OI Liu, Yong/0000-0002-8569-8764; Yang, Shoufeng/0000-0002-3888-3211
CR Bormann T., 2012, J MAT ENG PERFORMANC, V21
P1, DOI 10.1142/9008
Dadbakhsh S., 2014, ADV ENG MAT, V16
Fremond M., 1996, SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS
10.1080/17452759.2015.1097054
Meier H., 2009, ADV RES VIRT RAP PRO
Meier H., 2012, INNOVATIVE DEV VIRTU
Sanusi KO, 2014, S AFR J SCI, V110, P22, DOI 10.1590/sajs.2014/20130200
Sharma N., 2015, J ENG TECHNOL, V5, P1
Shishkovsky IV, 2013, TECH PHYS LETT+, V39, P1081, DOI 10.1134/S1063785013120250
10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.344
[Anonymous], 2012, PHYS PROCEDIA, V39, P447
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 17
PI SINGAPORE
SINGAPORE
SN 2424-8967
PY 2016
BP 451
EP 456
DI 10.3850/2424-8967_V02-162
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BG3IK
UT WOS:000387949300075
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Hu, YB
Wang, H
Ning, FD
Cong, WL
AF Hu, Yingbin
Wang, Hui
Ning, Fuda
Cong, Weilong
GP ASME
TI LASER ENGINEERED NET SHAPING OF COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM: EFFECTS OF
FABRICATING VARIABLES
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 11TH INTERNATIONAL MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2016, VOL 1
LA English
CT 11th ASME International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference
(MSEC 2016)
CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016
CL Blacksburg, VA
SP ASME, Mfg Engn Div
DE Laser engineered net shaping (LENS); Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti);
Solid parts fabrication; Input fabricating variables
ID TECHNOLOGY; MECHANISMS; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; ALLOYS
AB Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) attracts a large number of attentions in
biomedical, astronautical, and auto industrial areas due to its superior properties
of good biocompatibility, excellent corrosion resistance, and high strength-to-
weight ratio. Comparing with the conventional manufacturing processes (such as
casting along with machining), laser additive manufacturing (LAM), mainly including
selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/M) and laser engineered net shaping (LENS),
has many advantages, such as complex shaped parts producing, more capability of
shorter design-to-market time, energy consumption reducing, etc. It was reported
that SLS/M has been successfully used in fabricating of CP-Ti components. Comparing
with SLS/M processes, LENS has many advantages, including lower labor intensity,
higher fabrication efficiency, and more capabilities for parts repairing and
rebuilding. It is reported that LENS process was only used in CP-Ti coating and
porous parts fabrication, there are no reported investigations on CP-Ti three-
dimensional (3D) solid parts using LENS process. The investigations in this paper
are going to conduct preliminary studies on effect of fabricating variables. In
order to evaluate powder efficiency and parts' quality, heights of fabricated parts
and hardness on the top surface of the parts will be tested.
C1 [Hu, Yingbin; Wang, Hui; Ning, Fuda; Cong, Weilong] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Ind
Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Hu, YB (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
CR Abdellahi M, 2014, MATER RES-IBERO-AM J, V17, P781, DOI [10.1590/S1516-
14392014000300034, 10.1590/S1516-14392014005000023]
Amano R. S., 2014, J MANUFACTURING SCI, V136
Angelo P. C., 2008, POWDER METALLURGY SC
Cao W., 2014, SYNTHESIS NANOMATERI
Gill D. D., 2006, SAND20066551
Glavicic M. G., 2002, REPAIR SINGLE CRYSTA
Hedges M., 2006, COST EFFECTIVE MANUF
Kartal G, 2010, SURF COAT TECH, V204, P3935, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.05.021
Liu DJ, 2014, METALL MATER TRANS A, V45A, P4454, DOI 10.1007/s11661-014-2397-8
Nag S, 2005, MAT SCI ENG C-BIO S, V25, P357, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2004.12.013
Natali A. N., 2003, DENT BIOMECHANICS
Noecker F. F. I. I., 2002, P 13 SFF S AUST TX, P553
Oberhaus J., 2003, LENS REPAIR Y 12 TES
Janaki Ram G. D., 2007, SOL FREEF FABR P AUS, P527
Wang L., 2012, P 2012 MAT SCI TECHN
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-0-7918-4989-7
PY 2016
AR UNSP V001T02A035
PG 7
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
GA BG3QW
UT WOS:000388159100035
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Jardini, AL
Larosa, MA
Macedo, MF
Bernardes, LF
Lambert, CS
Zavaglia, CAC
Maciel, R
Calderoni, DR
Ghizoni, E
Kharmandayan, P
AF Jardini, A. L.
Larosa, M. A.
Macedo, M. F.
Bernardes, L. F.
Lambert, C. S.
Zavaglia, C. A. C.
Maciel Filho, R.
Calderoni, D. R.
Ghizoni, E.
Kharmandayan, P.
BE Bartolo, P
TI Improvement in Cranioplasty: Advanced Prosthesis Biomanufacturing
SO SECOND CIRP CONFERENCE ON BIOMANUFACTURING
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 2nd CIRP Conference on Biomanufacturing (CIRP-BioM)
CY JUL 29-31, 2015
CL Manchester, ENGLAND
SP CIRP
DE Additive manufacturing; DMLS; cranial reconstruction; Titanium alloy;
customized implants
ID IMPLANTS; DESIGN; RECONSTRUCTION; DEFECTS; TI-6AL-4V; SURGERY; RP
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) is a technology that enables the production of
models and prosthesis directly from the 3D CAD model facilitating surgical
procedures, implant quality and reducing risks. Furthermore, the additive
manufacturing has been used to produce implants especially designed for a
particular patient, with sizes, shapes and mechanical properties optimized, in many
areas of medicine such as cranioplasty surgery. This work presents AM technologies
applied to design and manufacture of a biomodel, in fact, an implant for the
surgical reconstruction of a large cranial defect. A series of computed tomography
data was obtained and software was used to extract the cranial geometry. The
protocol presented was used for creation of anatomic biomodel of the bone defect
for the surgical planning as well as to design and manufacture of the patient-
specific implant, reducing duration of surgery besides improving the surgical
accuracy due to preoperative planning of the anatomical details. (C) 2015 The
Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Jardini, A. L.; Larosa, M. A.; Macedo, M. F.; Bernardes, L. F.; Lambert, C. S.;
Zavaglia, C. A. C.; Maciel Filho, R.; Calderoni, D. R.; Kharmandayan, P.] Univ
Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, Inst Biofabricat, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP,
Brazil.
[Jardini, A. L.; Bernardes, L. F.; Maciel Filho, R.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch
Chem Engn, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Lambert, C. S.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Phys GlebWataghin, BR-13083859
[Larosa, M. A.; Macedo, M. F.; Zavaglia, C. A. C.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch
Mech Engn, BR-13083860 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Calderoni, D. R.; Ghizoni, E.; Kharmandayan, P.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch
Med Sci, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Jardini, AL (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, Inst
Biofabricat, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.; Jardini, AL (reprint author), Univ
Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
EM jardini@feq.unicamp.br
RI Jardini, Andre Luiz/N-9963-2016
OI Jardini, Andre Luiz/0000-0002-9381-9335
CR Bandyopadhyay A, 2010, ACTA BIOMATER, V6, P1640, DOI
10.1016/j.actbio.2009.11.011
Cabraja M, 2009, NEUROSURG FOCUS, V26, DOI 10.3171/2009.3.FOCUS091
Calderoni DR, 2014, ACTA CIR BRAS, V29, P579, DOI 10.1590/S0102-8650201400150005
Goiato MC, 2011, J CRANIOFAC SURG, V22, P914, DOI 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31820f7f90
Gopakumar S, 2004, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V10, P207, DOI 10.1108/13552540410539030
Hieu LC, 2003, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V9, P175, DOI 10.1108/13552540310477481
Joffe J, 1999, BRIT J NEUROSURG, V13, P576, DOI 10.1080/02688699943088
Khan SF, 2009, DESIGN CUSTOMIZED ME
Kuttenberger JJ, 2001, J CRANIO MAXILL SURG, V29, P75, DOI
10.1054/jcms.2001.0197
Maravelakis E., 2008, Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, V32, P115,
DOI 10.1080/03091900600700749
Milovanovic Jelena, 2007, MECH ENG, V5, P79
Muller A, 2003, J CRANIOFAC SURG, V14, P899
Neovius E, 2010, J PLAST RECONSTR AES, V63, P1615, DOI
10.1016/j.bjps.2009.06.003
Oliveira RS, 2007, CHILD NERV SYST, V23, P1097
Singare S, 2009, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V15, P19, DOI 10.1108/13552540910925027
Truscott M, 2007, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V13, P107, DOI 10.1108/1355254071736795
Vehof JWM, 2002, CLIN ORAL IMPLAN RES, V13, P94, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-
0501.2002.130112.x
Wu WZ, 2009, J BIOACT COMPAT POL, V24, P125, DOI 10.1177/0983911509102348
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2016
VL 49
BP 203
EP 208
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2015.11.017
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA BG2SS
UT WOS:000387663500038
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hai-ou, Z
Wang, R
Liang, LY
Gui-lan, W
AF Hai-ou, Zhang
Wang, Rui
Liang, Liye
Gui-lan, Wang
TI HDMR technology for the aircraft metal part
LA English
DT Article
DE Mechanical properties; Equiponderance manufacturing; Freedom arc
deposition; Grain morphology; Crisscross grain; Hybrid deposition and
micro-rolling
ID TI-6.5AL-3.5MO-1.5ZR-0.3SI TITANIUM-ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; BEHAVIOR; WIRE;
ANISOTROPY; STEEL
AB Purpose - The paper aims to introduce the fabrication of a medium steel aircraft
part by hybrid deposition and micro-rolling technology (HDMR) and illustrate its
advantages, microstructure features and mechanical properties of the part.
Design/methodology/approach - The HDMR technology contains two procedures
happening almost at the same time: the welding deposition procedure and then the
micro-rolling procedure. It takes the gas metal arc welding as the heat source to
melt a metal wire and deposit metal in the welding deposition procedure. The metal
just deposited is rolled synchronously by a micro roller following the welding
torch in micro-rolling procedure almost at the same time layer by layer. The paper
presents a contrast of the grain morphology of metal parts produced respectively by
HDMR and freedom arc deposition (FAD) and the mechanical properties of metal parts
of the same metal from HDMR casting, forging and FAD methods.
Findings - HDMR breaks the dendrite grain of welding beads into the fine
crisscross grains. The mechanical properties of metal parts are improved distinctly
by the micro-rolling procedure compared to casting, forging and FAD.
Practical implications - In addition, the application of HDMR technology has
succeeded in the fabrication of an eligible aircraft metal part, which is quite
difficult to achieve using other additive manufacturing (AM) or casting
technologies.
Originality/value - HDMR has the advantage of equiponderance manufacturing by
micro-rolling compared to other AM technologies. The metal part fabricated by HDMR
technology obtains the fine crisscross grains and brings hope for AM metal
components with excellent mechanical properties for aircraft applications.
C1 [Hai-ou, Zhang; Wang, Rui] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Digital
Mfg Equipment & Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Liang, Liye; Gui-lan, Wang] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc
& Die & Mould Technol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
RP Gui-lan, W (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc
& Die & Mould Technol, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM wgllab@mail.hust.edu.cn
FX This project is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China under Project Nos 51175203 and 51374113.
CR Ahn D, 2012, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V212, P339, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.08.013
Chehuan T, 2014, CORROS SCI, V86, P268, DOI 10.1016/j.corsci.2014.06.004
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.04.012
Hu DM, 2003, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V43, P51, DOI 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00163-3
Ibrahim I.A., 2012, PROCEDIA ENG, V41, P1502
Karunakaran KP, 2012, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V18, P264, DOI
10.1108/13552541211231644
Kim CH, 2012, CURR APPL PHYS, V12, pS178, DOI 10.1016/j.cap.2012.03.001
Liu AH, 2013, MATER DESIGN, V50, P149, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.02.087
Liu C, 2014, INT J SCI, V1, P1
Ma MM, 2015, J SENSORS, DOI 10.1155/2015/509385
Pires I, 2007, MATER DESIGN, V28, P1623, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.02.012
Planckaert JP, 2010, APPL MATH MODEL, V34, P1004, DOI 10.1016/j.apm.2009.07.011
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.011
Suban M, 2001, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V119, P185, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(01)00940-2
Wang F., 2015, J MAT PROCESSING, V215, P142
Zhang HO, 2013, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V19, P387, DOI 10.1108/RPJ-01-2012-0006
Zhao J, 2015, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V220, P243, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.024
Zielinska S, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P3581, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.08.023
Zhang H., 2010, China Patent, Patent No. [201010147632.2, 201010147632]
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 10
PI BINGLEY
SN 1355-2546
EI 1758-7670
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 6
BP 857
EP 863
DI 10.1108/RPJ-05-2015-0047
PG 7
GA EB7IJ
UT WOS:000387560000001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Saprykin, AA
Sharkeev, YP
Ibragimov, EA
Babakova, EV
Dudikhin, DV
AF Saprykin, A. A.
Sharkeev, Yu P.
Ibragimov, E. A.
Babakova, E. V.
Dudikhin, D. V.
GP IOP
TI Forming a single layer of a composite powder based on the Ti-Nb system
via selective laser melting (SLM)
SO INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON INTERDISCIPLINARY PROBLEMS IN ADDITIVE
TECHNOLOGIES
LA English
CT International Seminar on Interdisciplinary Problems in Additive
Technologies
CY DEC 16-17, 2015
CL Tomsk, RUSSIA
AB Alloys based on the titanium-niobium system are widely used in implant
production. It is conditional, first of all, on the low modulus of elasticity and
bio-inert properties of an alloy. These alloys are especially important for tooth
replacement and orthopedic surgery. At present alloys based on the titanium-niobium
system are produced mainly using conventional metallurgical methods. The further
subtractive manufacturing an end product results in a lot of wastes, increasing,
therefore, its cost. The alternative of these processes is additive manufacturing.
Selective laser melting is a technology, which makes it possible to synthesize
products of metal powders and their blends. The point of this technology is laser
melting a layer of a powdered material; then a sintered layer is coated with the
next layer of powder etc. Complex products and working prototypes are made on the
base of this technology. The authors of this paper address to the issue of applying
selective laser melting in order to synthesize a binary alloy of a composite powder
based on the titanium-niobium system. A set of 10x10 mm samples is made in various
process conditions. The samples are made by an experimental selective laser
synthesis machine << VARISKAF-100MB >>. The machine provides adjustment of the
following process variables: laser emission power, scanning rate and pitch,
temperature of powder pre-heating, thickness of the layer to be sprinkled, and
diameter of laser spot focusing. All samples are made in the preliminary vacuumized
shielding atmosphere of argon. The porosity and thickness of the sintered layer
related to the laser emission power are shown at various scanning rates. It is
revealed that scanning rate and laser emission power are adjustable process
variables, having the greatest effect on forming the sintered layer.
C1 [Saprykin, A. A.; Ibragimov, E. A.; Babakova, E. V.; Dudikhin, D. V.] Yurga Inst
Technol, TPU Affiliate, Leningradskaya Str 26, Yurga, Russia.
[Sharkeev, Yu P.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Strength Phys & Mat
Sci, 2-4 Pr Akad Skii, Tomsk, Russia.
RP Babakova, EV (reprint author), Yurga Inst Technol, TPU Affiliate, Leningradskaya
Str 26, Yurga, Russia.
EM babakova@tpu.ru
CR Fischer M, 2016, MAT SCI ENG C-MATER, V62, P852, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.033
Ibragimov EA, 2014, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V1040, P764, DOI
Kumar S, 2009, MAT DESIGN, P1
Kuznetsov V., 2003, CAD CAM CAE OBSERVER, V4, P2
Murali K, 2003, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V136, P179, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(03)00150-X
Saprykin AA, 2015, AIP CONF PROC, V1683, DOI 10.1063/1.4932889
Saprykin A A, 2015, METAL PROCESSING, V3, P82
Saprykin A A, 2015, J APPL MECH MAT, V770, P622
Saprykina N A, 2012, IFOST2012, P129
Sharkeev Yurii P., 2015, Advanced Materials Research, V1085, P307, DOI
Sharkeev Y P, 2012, MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT, V44, P198
Sharkeev Y P, 2014, PHYS MESOMECHANICS M, V1623, P567
Shishkovsky I V, 2005, PHYS CHEM MAT PROCES, V3, P71
Zhuravleva K, 2013, ADV ENG MATER, V15, P262, DOI 10.1002/adem.201200117
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 10
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2016
VL 140
AR 012001
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/140/1/012001
PG 9
GA BF9PN
UT WOS:000385793500001
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Isaev, A
Grechishnikov, V
Pivkin, P
Ilyukhin, Y
Kozochkin, M
Peretyagin, P
AF Isaev, Alexander
Grechishnikov, Vladimir
Pivkin, Petr
Ilyukhin, Yuri
Kozochkin, Mihail
Peretyagin, Pavel
TI Structure and machinability of thin-walled parts made of titanium alloy
powder using electron beam melting technology
SO EPITOANYAG-JOURNAL OF SILICATE BASED AND COMPOSITE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting; microstructure; machinability; titanium alloy
powder; additive manufacturing
AB The present paper aims to study the structure and properties of raw and thermal
treated titanium-based powder material that is used to produce thin-walled
components by electron beam melting technology. Producing the end product means
also studying the finishing cutting process. Examining the quality of end product
in terms of geometric tolerance and thin walls thickness stability as well as
control the surface roughness is also included in this study.
C1 [Isaev, Alexander; Grechishnikov, Vladimir; Pivkin, Petr; Ilyukhin, Yuri;
Kozochkin, Mihail; Peretyagin, Pavel] Moscow State Univ Technol, Moscow, Russia.
RP Isaev, A (reprint author), Moscow State Univ Technol, Moscow, Russia.
EM a.isaev@stankin.ru; ittf.stankin@gmail.com; pmpivkin@gmail.com;
ilyv_178@mail.ru; astra-mp@yandex.ru; peretyagin.mstu@gmail.com
RI Kozochkin, Mikhail/R-6505-2016
OI Kozochkin, Mikhail/0000-0003-4928-7025
CR Diaz LA, 2014, J NANOPART RES, V16, DOI 10.1007/s11051-014-2257-x
Grechishnikov V A, 2010, RUS ENG RES, V30, P413
Grechishnikov V A, 2007, RUS ENG RES, V27, P291
Isaev Alexander, 2016, J SILICATE BASED COM, V68, P46
Isaev AV, 2014, MEAS TECH+, V56, P1155, DOI 10.1007/s11018-014-0348-9
Kozochkin MP, 2006, MEAS TECH+, V49, P672, DOI 10.1007/s11018-006-0169-6
Shaw MC, 2005, METAL CUTTING PRINCI
Volosova MA, 2013, J FRICT WEAR+, V34, P183, DOI 10.3103/S1068366613030148
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SCIENTIFIC SOC SILICATE INDUSTRY-SZTE
PI BUDAPEST
PA BECSI UTT 122-124, BUDAPEST, 1034, HUNGARY
SN 0013-970X
J9 EPITOANYAG
JI Epitoanyag
PY 2016
VL 68
IS 2
BP 46
EP 51
DI 10.14382/epitoanyag-jsbcm.2016.8
PG 6
GA DW3WM
UT WOS:000383573800004
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Moiduddin, K
Al-Ahmari, A
Nasr, ESA
Al Kindi, M
Hamid, M
AF Moiduddin, Khaja
Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman
Nasr, Emad S. Abouel
Al Kindi, Mohammed
Hamid, Mohammed
TI Evaluation of titanium alloy fabricated using electron beam melting and
traditional casting technique
SO BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH-INDIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting; Ti6A14V ELI; Reconstruction plates; Casting;
ID RECONSTRUCTION; TI-6AL-4V
AB Purpose: Recent advances in the field of medical industry have encouraged the
surgeons and researchers to find alternative ways in the fabrication of implants.
The average life of an implant depends on the implant material, its fabrication and
patient fixation type.
Approach: Implants produced through casting are of standard shapes and sizes.
Moreover, it involves several steps that increase the production cost and time.
Alternatively, it is possible to produce custom design implant with Additive
manufacturing technology in lesser amount of time with no material wastage.
Objective: The objective of this research is to outline the manufacturing
technologies, involved in the fabrication of reconstruction plates and compare the
mechanical properties between them.
Finding/Results: The results show a significant difference between the
reconstruction plates produced through Electron beam melting (EBM) an additive
manufacturing technology and commercial produced casting technique. The EBM
produced plates has marginally higher tensile strength of 608 MPa when compared to
the commercially available casting plate with the strength of 557 MPa.
Conclusion: The EBM is an effective technology exhibiting favourable results in
fabricating customized reconstruction plates with better mechanical properties when
compared to traditional fabrication methods. EBM produced implants decreases the
implant failure and concomitantly reduces the number of revisions thus eliminating
the psychological stress and pain of the patients.
C1 [Moiduddin, Khaja; Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Hamid, Mohammed] King Saud Univ,
Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Moiduddin, Khaja; Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Hamid, Mohammed] King Saud Univ, Adv
Mfg Inst AMI, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Moiduddin, Khaja; Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Hamid, Mohammed] King Saud Univ, Adv
Mfg Inst AMI, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Moiduddin, Khaja; Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Nasr, Emad S. Abouel] King Saud Univ,
Coll Engn, Ind Engn Dept, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Nasr, Emad S. Abouel] Helwan Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Fac Engn, Cairo, Egypt.
[Al Kindi, Mohammed] King Saud Univ, Coll Dent, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
RP Moiduddin, K (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res
Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Moiduddin, K (reprint author), King Saud
Univ, Adv Mfg Inst AMI, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Moiduddin, K (reprint author), King
Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst AMI, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Moiduddin, K (reprint author),
King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Ind Engn Dept, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
FU King Saud University, vice deanship of research chairs
FX The project was financially supported by the King Saud University, vice
deanship of research chairs.
CR Alahmari A. M., 2015, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, P1
*ARC AB, 2014, TI6A14V ELI TIT ALL
ASHISH M, 2011, THESIS
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.03.013
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VENUGOPALAN R, 2006, MED DEVICE MAT
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS INDIA
PI ALIGARH
PA 87-GREATER AZAD ENCLAVE, P O QUARSI, ALIGARH, 00000, INDIA
SN 0970-938X
EI 0976-1683
J9 BIOMED RES-INDIA
JI Biomed. Res.-India
PY 2016
VL 27
SI SI
BP S68
EP S74
PG 7
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Engineering; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA DX0DN
UT WOS:000384031800010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Schoneman, JD
Allen, MS
AF Schoneman, Joseph D.
Allen, Matthew S.
BE Mains, M
TI Modal Test and Parameter Updating of Metal Laser Sintered Components
SO TOPICS IN MODAL ANALYSIS & TESTING, VOL 10
SE Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
LA English
CT 34th IMAC Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics
CY JAN 25-28, 2016
CL Orlando, FL
SP Soc Experimental Mech
DE 3D printing; Modal test; Model updating
AB Recent advances in additive manufacturing technology have made feasible the use
of materials such as titanium and high-temperature nickel alloys in the
construction of complex parts intended for production through techniques such as
direct laser melting or direct laser sintering. These parts can be manufactured at
a level of quality suitable not only for prototyping, but even for use as flight
hardware. However, the evaluation of material properties is a challenge; melted
metals will not retain the same properties as an equivalent cast metal, and factors
such as part geometry, print density, and any post-processing techniques used will
all influence the material properties of a given component. This paper uses modal
analysis to update the isotropic material properties of metal components which are
representative of flight hardware within the subsystems of a liquid rocket motor.
Two different materials are examined: Ti 64 titanium alloy and INCONEL 718 nickel
alloy.
C1 [Schoneman, Joseph D.; Allen, Matthew S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, 1500
Engn Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Schoneman, JD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Engn Phys, 1500 Engn Dr,
Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM schoneman@wisc.edu; matt.allen@wisc.edu
CR Allen MS, 2006, MECH SYST SIGNAL PR, V20, P1090, DOI
[10.1016/j.ymssp.2005.09.007, 10.1016/j.ymddp.2005.09.007]
Electro optical systems GmbH, 2013, DES RUL DMLS
Electro optical systems GmbH, 2011, MAT DAT SHEET EOC TI
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[Anonymous], 2007, SPECIAL METALS INCON
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 2191-5644
BN 978-3-319-30249-2; 978-3-319-30248-5
J9 C PROC SOC EXP MECH
PY 2016
BP 223
EP 233
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-30249-2_19
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA BF5GK
UT WOS:000381976700019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Davidson, K
Singamneni, S
AF Davidson, Karl
Singamneni, Sarat
TI Selective Laser Melting of Duplex Stainless Steel Powders: An
Investigation
SO MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Duplex stainless steels; Process variables;
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PITTING CORROSION; HEAT-TREATMENT;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; AUSTENITE; PARTS; PERFORMANCE; WELDS
AB Selective laser melting gained substantial momentum in the recent past and quite
a few alloy systems have been researched and made available for commercial use;
titanium, aluminum, stainless and tool steels, cobalt chrome, and Inconel being the
most popular examples. Despite the application potential, and the successful
processing of powder forms by traditional powder metallurgy methods, selective
laser melting of duplex stainless steels was not attempted so far. The response of
a duplex stainless steel alloy to processing by selective laser melting with
varying process conditions is evaluated in the current research. Experimental
results ascertained that the complete cycle starting from duplex powders,
consolidating into 3D forms by selective laser melting and then post-process heat
treatment to bring the microstructures back to duplex forms is feasible. Within the
current experimental domain, the multi-layer samples are close to 90% density and
showed a maximum dimensional variation of 2-3%, while the austenite to ferrite
ratio is 45:55 after the post-process heat treatment.
C1 [Davidson, Karl; Singamneni, Sarat] AUT Univ, Sch Engn, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Singamneni, S (reprint author), AUT Univ, Sch Engn, Auckland, New Zealand.
EM sarat.singamneni@aut.ac.nz
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NR 61
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1042-6914
EI 1532-2475
J9 MATER MANUF PROCESS
JI Mater. Manuf. Process.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 12
BP 1543
EP 1555
DI 10.1080/10426914.2015.1090605
PG 13
WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA DT3NQ
UT WOS:000381388400002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, J
Deng, D
Hou, X
Wang, X
Ma, G
Wu, D
Zhang, G
AF Li, J.
Deng, D.
Hou, X.
Wang, X.
Ma, G.
Wu, D.
Zhang, G.
TI Microstructure and performance optimisation of stainless steel formed by
laser additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser engineered net shaping; Additive manufacturing; Laser scanning
path; Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; MELT POOL; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; COMPONENTS;
BEHAVIOR; PARTS; INCONEL-718; EVOLUTION
AB In the present study, laser engineered net shaping technology was successfully
utilised to fabricate 316L stainless steel bulk specimens using unidirectional
scanning path and weaving scanning path. Influence of scanning path and post-heat
treatment on microstructural and mechanical properties of the as-deposited builds
has been investigated. The results show that scanning paths have a significant
impact on the grain morphology evolution. Consequently, the as-made samples by
different scanning strategies show a great difference in the mechanical properties.
Furthermore, the experimental results also demonstrate that post-heat treatment is
an essential step in further optimising microstructure and improving mechanical
properties.
C1 [Li, J.; Deng, D.; Hou, X.; Zhang, G.] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
Key Lab Mat Modificat Laser Ion & Electron Beams, Minist Educ, Dalian 116024,
Peoples R China.
[Wang, X.] Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Inst Sustainable Design & Mfg,
Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
[Ma, G.; Wu, D.] Dalian Univ Technol, Key Lab Precis & Nontradit Machining
Technol, Minist Educ, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, G (reprint author), Dalian Univ Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Key Lab Mat
Modificat Laser Ion & Electron Beams, Minist Educ, Dalian 116024, Peoples R China.
EM gfzhang@dlut.edu.cn
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Program [2011CB013402];
Liaoning Natural Science Foundation [2014028002]; Liaoning Science and
Technology Innovation Project [201303002]; SBW-DUT Key Research and
Development Program; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities
FX This work was carried out with the financial support of the National Key
Basic Research and Development Program (No. 2011CB013402), Liaoning
Natural Science Foundation (No. 2014028002), Liaoning Science and
Technology Innovation Project (No. 201303002), SBW-DUT Key Research and
Development Program, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities.
CR Baufeld B, 2011, IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI, V26, DOI 10.1088/1757-899X/26/1/012001
10.1016/j.msea.2009.02.019
Chen JL, 2015, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V72, P86, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2015.03.015
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10.1179/1743284714Y.0000000701
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10.1016/JJMATPR0TEC.2014.06.002
Sun GF, 2016, OPT LASER TECHNOL, V77, P80, DOI 10.1016/j.optlastec.2015.08.008
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2011.02.003
Xiong YH, 2008, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V493, P261, DOI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.05.125
10.1016/j.msea.2015.07.056
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 18
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 12
BP 1223
EP 1230
DI 10.1080/02670836.2015.1114774
PG 8
Engineering
GA DU6JS
UT WOS:000382321500006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kok, YH
Tan, XP
Loh, NH
Tor, SB
Chua, CK
AF Kok, Y. H.
Tan, X. P.
Loh, N. H.
Tor, S. B.
Chua, C. K.
TI Geometry dependence of microstructure and microhardness for selective
electron beam-melted Ti-6Al-4V parts
SO VIRTUAL AND PHYSICAL PROTOTYPING
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printing; additive manufacturing; electron beam melting; titanium
alloy; microstructure; microhardness
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TRANSFORMATION; EVOLUTION; TEXTURE
AB In an additive-manufactured metallic part, distinct and different microstructure
and mechanical properties may exist in different areas due to differences in shape
and location. Two parts, one with straight-finned structure and the other with
curve-finned structure, were fabricated by the selective electron beam melting
method using pre-alloyed Ti-6Al-4V ELI powder. Microstructural characterisation of
these two parts that have varying fin thickness and shape was carried out to
investigate the synthetical influence of 2D planar build geometry and in-fill
hatching strategy on selective electron beam melting. It was found that the beta
interspacing is larger in the curve-finned structure, leading to a lower
microhardness as compared to the straight-finned structure. It suggests a slower
cooling rate in the curve-finned structure due to the differences in build geometry
and in-fill hatching strategy.
C1 [Kok, Y. H.; Tan, X. P.; Tor, S. B.; Chua, C. K.] Nanyang Technol Univ,
Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore, Singapore.
[Kok, Y. H.; Tan, X. P.; Loh, N. H.; Tor, S. B.; Chua, C. K.] Nanyang Technol
Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore, Singapore.
RP Tan, XP (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch
Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore, Singapore.; Tan, XP (reprint author), Nanyang
Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore, Singapore.
EM xptan@ntu.edu.sg
RI Tan, Xipeng/K-2247-2012
OI Tan, Xipeng/0000-0003-3392-8254
0397-x
P1, DOI 10.1142/9008
10.1007/S00204-014-1302-Y]
070115-032024
Ramakrishnaiah R., 2016, SAUDI J BIOL SCI
Tiferet E., 2016, Additive Manufacturing, V10, P43, DOI
10.1016/j.addma.2016.02.001
Vastola G, 2016, JOM-US, V68, P1370, DOI 10.1007/s11837-016-1890-5
NR 21
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 8
PI ABINGDON
SN 1745-2759
EI 1745-2767
J9 VIRTUAL PHYS PROTOTY
JI Virtual Phys. Prototyp.
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 3
BP 183
EP 191
DI 10.1080/17452759.2016.1210483
PG 9
SC Engineering
GA DV6NQ
UT WOS:000383054100006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hedayati, R
Sadighi, M
AF Hedayati, Reza
Sadighi, Mojtaba
TI A MICROMECHANICAL APPROACH TO NUMERICAL MODELING OF YIELDING OF
OPEN-CELL POROUS STRUCTURES UNDER COMPRESSIVE LOADS
SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE rhombic dodecahedron; additive manufacturing; micro-structure; porous
biomaterials; implant; finite element
ID LINEAR ELASTIC BEHAVIOR; UNIT CELLS; ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS; METALLIC
BIOMATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM; POROSITY; SOLIDS; FOAMS;
STEEL
AB Today, interconnected open-cell porous structures made of titanium and its
alloys are replacing the prevalent solid metals used in bone substitute implants.
The advent of additive manufacturing techniques has enabled manufacturing of open-
cell structures with arbitrary micro-structural geometry. In this paper, rhombic
dodecahedron structures manufactured using SLM technique and tested by Amin Yavari
et al. (2014) are investigated numerically using ANSYS and LS-DYNA finite element
codes for the modeling of the elastic and post-yielding behavior of the lattice
structure, respectively. Implementing a micro-mechanical approach to the numerical
modeling of the yielding behavior of open-cell porous materials is the main
contribution of this work. One of the advantages of micro-mechanical modeling of an
open-cell structure is that, in contrast to the macro-mechanical finite element
modeling, it is not necessary to obtain several material constants for different
foam material models through heavy experimental tests. The results of the study
showed that considering the irregularity in defining the cross-sections of the
struts decreases both the yielding stress and densification strain of the numerical
structure to the values obtained from the experimental tests. Moreover, the stress-
strain curve of the irregular structure was much smoother in two points of yielding
and densification, which is also observable in experimental plots. Considering the
irregularity in the structure also decreased the elastic modulus of the lattice
structure by about 20-30%. The post-densification modulus was more influenced by
irregularity as it was decreased by more than 50%. In summary, it was demonstrated
that using beam elements with variable cross-sections for constructing open-cell
biomaterials could result in numerical results sufficiently close to the
experimental data.
C1 [Hedayati, Reza; Sadighi, Mojtaba] Amirkabir Univ Technol, Tehran Polytech, Dept
Mech Engn, Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.
[Hedayati, Reza] Delft Univ Technol, TU Delft, Dept Biomech Engn, Delft,
Netherlands.
RP Hedayati, R (reprint author), Amirkabir Univ Technol, Tehran Polytech, Dept Mech
Engn, Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.; Hedayati, R (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol,
TU Delft, Dept Biomech Engn, Delft, Netherlands.
EM rezahedayati@gmail.com
RI Hedayati, Reza/F-8806-2014
OI Hedayati, Reza/0000-0002-4806-3970
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10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2014.06.017
0
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10.1016/j.msea.2008.10.036
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NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 15
PU POLISH SOC THEORETICAL & APPLIED MECHANICS
PI WARSZAWA
PA FWARSAW UNIV TECHNOLOGY, FACULTY CIVIL ENGINEERING, AL ARMII LUDOWEJ 15,
RM 650, WARSZAWA, 00-637, POLAND
SN 1429-2955
J9 J THEOR APP MECH-POL
JI J. Theor. Appl. Mech.
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 3
BP 769
EP 781
DI 10.15632/jtam-pl.54.3.769
PG 13
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA DT3HB
UT WOS:000381370500008
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Hudak, R
Zivcak, J
Toth, T
Majernik, J
Lisy, M
AF Hudak, Radovan
Zivcak, Jozef
Toth, Teodor
Majernik, Jaroslav
Lisy, Martin
BE Bris, R
Majernik, J
Pancerz, K
Zaitseva, E
TI Usage of Industrial Computed Tomography for Evaluation of Custom-Made
Implants
SO APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
SE Studies in Computational Intelligence
LA English
CT 10th International Conference on Digital Technologies (DT 2014)
CY JUL, 2014
CL Zilina, SLOVAKIA
AB Development of additive technologies and biocompatible materials facilitated
their use in the custom-made implants manufacture. Verification of custom-made
implants manufactured using the additive manufacturing technologies is the key task
to be fulfilled prior to the clinical application of an implant. It consists of
parameters verification within individual steps, from a software design, through
manufacturing, surface finishing, up to finalization of a medical product. The
article presents possible uses of a 3D printing and the computed tomography
( Metrotom 1500, Carl Zeiss, Germany) for the verification of selected parameters
of customized implants manufactured using the Direct Metal Laser Sintering ( DMLS)
technology with the EOSINTM280 equipment ( EOS GmbH, Germany) from the
biocompatible titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ( Grade 5). The article describes the
possibilities of the computed tomography use in the verification of implant shapes
and external dimensions, as well as internal structure. The internal structure
means the implant porosity assessment.
C1 [Hudak, Radovan; Zivcak, Jozef; Toth, Teodor] Tech Univ Kosice, Dept Biomed Engn
& Measurement, Fac Mech Engn, Letna 9, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
[Majernik, Jaroslav] Univ Kosice, Dept Med Informat, Fac Med, Trieda SNP 1,
Kosice 04011, Slovakia.
[Lisy, Martin] CEIT Biomed Engn, Tolsteho 3-6, Kosice 04001, Slovakia.
RP Hudak, R (reprint author), Tech Univ Kosice, Dept Biomed Engn & Measurement, Fac
Mech Engn, Letna 9, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
EM radovan.hudak@tuke.sk; jozef.zivcak@tuke.sk; teodor.toth@tuke.sk;
jaroslav.majernik@upjs.sk; martin.lisy@ceit-ke.sk
RI Toth, Teodor/B-5157-2017
OI Toth, Teodor/0000-0003-1086-9511
CR Bauza M.B., 2014, 2014 ASPE SPRING TOP
Brown C., 2013, ADD MAN TECHN WORKSH
Drstvensek I., INT J BIOL BIOMED EN
Girardin E, 2011, MAT SCI APPL, V2, P1322, DOI DOI 10.4236/MSA.2011.29180
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Matilainen V., 2012, THESIS
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Slotwinski J.A., 2013, 40 REV PROGR QUANT N
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Toth T., 2013, ACTA MECH SLOVACA RO, V17, P40
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 5
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1860-949X
BN 978-3-319-19147-8; 978-3-319-19146-1
J9 STUD COMPUT INTELL
PY 2016
VL 606
BP 29
EP 45
DI 10.1007/978-3-319-19147-8_2
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Biomedical
GA BF4UU
UT WOS:000381723600002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bewlay, BP
Nag, S
Suzuki, A
Weimer, MJ
AF Bewlay, B. P.
Nag, S.
Suzuki, A.
Weimer, M. J.
TI TiAl alloys in commercial aircraft engines
SO MATERIALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium; Aluminide; Casting; 48-2-2; TNM; Aircraft; Turbine; Engine
ID GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURAL STABILITY; PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS;
TENSILE PROPERTIES; CREEP-PROPERTIES; CARBON ADDITION; HEAT-TREATMENTS;
HIGH NIOBIUM
AB The present article will describe aspects of the science and technology of
titanium aluminide (TiAl) alloy system and summarise the low and high temperature
mechanical and environmental properties exhibited by different alloy generations.
In terms of processing developments, conventional gravity casting and near net
shape casting would be discussed in detail. Also newer and non-conventional forging
and additive manufacturing routes would be briefly highlighted. Extensive
investigations of TiAl alloys have enabled their commercial implementation in
aerospace and automotive industries. The GEnx (TM) engine is the first commercial
aircraft engine that used TiAl (alloy 48-2-2) for their low pressure turbine
blades. Among non GE engines, recently, new beta-stabilised TiAl alloy (TNM) is
being used to manufacture LPT blades for PW1100G (TM) engines. TiAl materials and
design processes can reduce engine weight and improve engine performance.
C1 [Bewlay, B. P.; Nag, S.; Suzuki, A.] Gen Elect, Global Res Ctr, One Res Circle,
Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.
[Weimer, M. J.] Gen Elect, Aviat Engn, 1 Neumann Way, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Bewlay, BP (reprint author), Gen Elect, Global Res Ctr, One Res Circle,
Niskayuna, NY 12309 USA.
EM bewlay@ge.com
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NR 124
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 12
U2 49
PI ABINGDON
SN 0960-3409
EI 1878-6413
J9 MATER HIGH TEMP
JI Mater. High Temp.
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 4-5
SI SI
BP 549
EP 559
DI 10.1080/09603409.2016.1183068
PG 11
Engineering
GA DS2AD
UT WOS:000380515300025
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Clemens, H
Mayer, S
AF Clemens, Helmut
Mayer, Svea
TI Intermetallic titanium aluminides in aerospace applications -
processing, microstructure and properties
LA English
DT Article
DE Intermetallics; Titanium aluminides; Alloy development; Processing;
Properties; Applications
ID TIAL-BASED ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CREEP-PROPERTIES; BETA-PHASE;
HIGH NB; GAMMA; BEHAVIOR; DESIGN; SHEET; DEFORMATION
AB After more than 30 years of fundamental research and development activities
intermetallic titanium aluminides based on the ordered gamma-TiAl phase have found
applications in aerospace and automotive industries. The advantages of this class
of innovative high-temperature lightweight materials are their low density, their
good strength and creep properties, as well as their oxidation resistance up to 750
degrees C. A drawback, however, is their limited ductility at room temperature,
which is reflected by a low plastic strain at fracture. Advanced engineering TiAl
alloys, such as the beta-solidifying so-called TNM alloy with a nominal composition
of Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (in atomic percent), are complex multi-phase materials
which can be processed by ingot or powder metallurgy, precision casting methods as
well as additive manufacturing. Each production process leads to specific
microstructures which can be altered and optimised by thermomechanical processing
and/or subsequent heat treatments, whereby the knowledge of the occurring
solidification processes and phase transformation sequences is essential.
Therefore, thermodynamic calculations were conducted to predict the phase fraction
diagrams. After experimental verification, these phase diagrams provided the base
for the development of heat treatments to adjust balanced mechanical properties. To
determine the influence of deformation and kinetic aspects, sophisticated ex- and
in situ methods have been employed. Finally, the application of TiAl alloys in
aerospace is reported.
C1 [Clemens, Helmut; Mayer, Svea] Univ Leoben, Dept Phys Met & Mat Testing, Leoben,
Austria.
RP Clemens, H (reprint author), Univ Leoben, Dept Phys Met & Mat Testing, Leoben,
Austria.
EM helmut.clemens@unileoben.ac.at
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NR 65
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 14
U2 38
PI ABINGDON
SN 0960-3409
EI 1878-6413
J9 MATER HIGH TEMP
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 4-5
SI SI
BP 560
EP 570
DI 10.1080/09603409.2016.1163792
PG 11
Engineering
GA DS2AD
UT WOS:000380515300026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, M
Malot, T
Aubry, P
Colin, C
Vilaro, T
Bertrand, P
AF Thomas, M.
Malot, T.
Aubry, P.
Colin, C.
Vilaro, T.
Bertrand, P.
TI The prospects for additive manufacturing of bulk TiAl alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Gamma titanium aluminide; Selective laser melting; Laser metal
deposition; Electron beam melting; Heat treatments
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE; PROCESS PARAMETERS; MICROSTRUCTURE; GAMMA
AB This paper deals with the prospects for additive manufacturing (AM) of bulk TiAl
alloys. A number of AM processes have already been explored in the literature for
these intermetallic alloys. The main trend developed in published works concerns a
strong crack sensitivity of this relatively brittle material due to rapid
successive heating and cooling cycles. Optimised processing conditions have already
been achieved for producing sound and crack-free TiAl materials by means of EBM and
laser metal deposition processes. This experimental work was particularly focused
on the third process, i.e. selective laser melting, to produce fully dense TiAl
parts. A series of beads, surface layers and cubes have been manufactured to
investigate the microstructural evolution. Post-heat treatments allowed a uniform
microstructure to be restored for the intermetallic TiAl alloy.
C1 [Thomas, M.] Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Chatillon, France.
[Malot, T.] ENSAM, Paris, France.
[Aubry, P.] CEA, DEN, DANS, DPC,SEARS,LISL, Saclay, France.
[Colin, C.] Mines ParisTech, Paris, France.
[Vilaro, T.] Airbus St Eloi, Toulouse, France.
[Bertrand, P.] ENISE, St Etienne, France.
RP Thomas, M (reprint author), Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Chatillon, France.
EM marc.thomas@onera.fr
FU FRAE (Fondation de Recherche en Aeronautique et Espace) institution
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the FRAE (Fondation de Recherche
en Aeronautique et Espace) institution for their financial support.
CR Biamino S, 2011, INTERMETALLICS, V19, P776, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.017
Carcel B, 2014, PHYSCS PROC, V56, P284, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.173
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7
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.04.002
Moll JH, 1999, GAMMA TITANIUM ALUMINIDES 1999, P255
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.11.019
Sabbadini S., INT WORKSH GAT 2013
10.1016/j.intermet.2014.01.004
5
Thomas M., 2016, LASER METAL DE UNPUB
Uenishi K, 1996, INTERMETALLICS, V4, pS95, DOI 10.1016/0966-9795(96)00016-7
Zhang XD, 2001, SCRIPTA MATER, V44, P2419, DOI 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)00915-0
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 9
U2 37
PI ABINGDON
SN 0960-3409
EI 1878-6413
J9 MATER HIGH TEMP
PY 2016
VL 33
IS 4-5
SI SI
BP 571
EP 577
DI 10.1080/09603409.2016.1171510
PG 7
Engineering
GA DS2AD
UT WOS:000380515300027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Hasan, R
Mines, RAW
AF Hasan, R.
Mines, R. A. W.
BE BinAbdollah, MF
BinSalim, MA
Tuan, TB
TI Variations in diameter of struts for micro-lattice structure
manufactured using selective laser melting
SO PROCEEDINGS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH DAY 2016
LA English
CT Mechanical Engineering Research Day (MERD)
CY MAR 31, 2016
CL Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Kampus Teknologi, Melaka, MALAYSIA
SP Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Ctr Adv Res Energy, Univ Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka, Fac Mech Engn
HO Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. Kampus Teknologi
DE Micro-lattice structure; additive layer; selective laser melting
ID SANDWICH PANELS; BEHAVIOR
AB This paper highlights the dimension of diameter for titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V
micro-lattice structure material with body-centered-cubic (BCC) struts'
arrangement, manufactured using additive layer technology, which is selective laser
melting (SLM). Direct measurements and simple count analysis were done on the
material. Variations in diameters were averaged and the value was compared to that
obtained from other formulations. The result shows that there are variations in
struts' diameters of micro-lattice structure manufactured using SLM, which can
affect the material's performance under load bearing capacity. The finding can be
useful to the developments of both micro-lattice structure and additive layer
technology researches.
C1 [Hasan, R.] Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Fac Mech Engn, Durian Tunggal 76100,
Melaka, Malaysia.
[Hasan, R.] Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Ctr Adv Res Energy, Durian Tunggal
76100, Melaka, Malaysia.
England.
RP Hasan, R (reprint author), Univ Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Fac Mech Engn, Durian
Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia.; Hasan, R (reprint author), Univ Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka, Ctr Adv Res Energy, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia.
EM rafidahhasan@utem.edu.my
CR Hasan R., 2010, J MECH ENG TECHNOLOG, V2, P17
Kude VP, 2004, B MATER SCI, V27, P73, DOI 10.1007/BF02708489
Mines RAW, 2013, INT J IMPACT ENG, V60, P120, DOI 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.04.007
Mines RAW, 1998, INT J IMPACT ENG, V21, P855, DOI 10.1016/S0734-743X(98)00037-2
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 8
PU CENTRE ADVANCED RESEARCH ENERGY-CARE
PI DURIAN TUNGGAL
PA FAC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, UNIV TEKNIKAL MALAYASIA MELAKA, HANG TUAH
JAYA, DURIAN TUNGGAL, MEKALA 76100, MALAYSIA
BN 978-967-0257-70-9
PY 2016
BP 119
EP 120
PG 2
SC Engineering
GA BF1AW
UT WOS:000380259100058
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Baca, A
Konecna, R
Nicoletto, G
Kunz, L
AF Baca, Adrian
Konecna, Radomila
Nicoletto, Gianni
Kunz, Ludvik
TI Influence of build direction on the fatigue behaviour of Ti6Al4V alloy
produced by direct metal laser sintering
LA English
CT 32nd DANUBIA-ADRIA SYMPOSIUM on Advances in Experimental Mechanics (DAS)
CY SEP 22-25, 2015
CL Univ Zilina, Zilina, SLOVAKIA
HO Univ Zilina
DE DMLS; Ti6Al4V; build orientation; fatigue performance
ID TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM
AB Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a layer by layer additive manufacturing
technique based on high power fiber laser that creates solid layers from loose
powder material and joins them in an additive manner. This manufacturing process is
characterized by highly localized heat inputs during very short interaction times
which significantly affect the microstructure. In this work, the development of the
microstructure of the Ti6Al4V alloy was studied. It was found that microstructural
characteristics are related to the building process parameters. The aim of this
work is to evaluate the fatigue performance of DMLS Ti6Al4V alloy as a function of
build orientation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baca, Adrian; Konecna, Radomila] Univ Zilina, Fac Mech Engn, Dept Mat Engn,
Univ 8215-1, Zilina 01026, Slovakia.
[Nicoletto, Gianni] Univ Parma, Dept Ind Engn, Parco Area Sci 181-A, I-43124
Parma, Italy.
[Kunz, Ludvik] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys Mat, Zizkova 22, Brno 61662,
Czech Republic.
RP Baca, A (reprint author), Univ Zilina, Fac Mech Engn, Dept Mat Engn, Univ 8215-
1, Zilina 01026, Slovakia.
EM adrian.baca@fstroj.uniza.sk
Baca A., 2015, EFFECT SURFACE ROUGH, V15, P498
5093(96)10233-1
Calignano F., PRODUCTION OVERHANGI
Chona R., 2001, 1406 ASTM STP, V1406, P122
10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.041
10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.086
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 18
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 4
BP 921
EP 924
DI 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.03.021
PG 4
GA DH8TF
UT WOS:000373068900003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Collins, PC
Brice, DA
Samimi, P
Ghamarian, I
Fraser, HL
AF Collins, P. C.
Brice, D. A.
Samimi, P.
Ghamarian, I.
Fraser, H. L.
BE Clarke, DR
TI Microstructural Control of Additively Manufactured Metallic Materials
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, VOL 46
SE Annual Review of Materials Research
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE microstructure; additive manufacturing; microstructural evolution;
microstructural control; composition; characterization
ID DIRECT LASER DEPOSITION; INDUCED PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; NICKEL-BASED
SUPERALLOY; BETA-TITANIUM ALLOY; 650 DEGREES-C; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
TENSILE PROPERTIES; RESIDUAL-STRESS; COMBINATORIAL APPROACH; OXIDATION
BEHAVIOR
AB In additively manufactured (AM) metallic materials, the fundamental
interrelationships that exist between composition, processing, and microstructure
govern these materials' properties and potential improvements or reductions in
performance. For example, by using AM, it is possible to achieve highly desirable
microstructural features (e.g., highly refined precipitates) that could not
otherwise be achieved by using conventional approaches. Simultaneously,
opportunities exist to manage macro-level microstructural characteristics such as
residual stress, porosity, and texture, the last of which might be desirable. To
predictably realize optimal microstructures, it is necessary to establish a
framework that integrates processing variables, alloy composition, and the
resulting microstructure. Although such a framework is largely lacking for AM
metallic materials, the basic scientific components of the framework exist in
literature. This review considers these key components and presents them in a
manner that highlights key interdependencies that would form an integrated
framework to engineer microstructures using AM.
C1 [Collins, P. C.; Brice, D. A.; Samimi, P.; Ghamarian, I.] Iowa State Univ, Dept
Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Collins, P. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Fraser, H. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 116 W 19Th Ave, Columbus,
OH 43210 USA.
50011 USA.; Collins, PC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011
USA.
OI Collins, Peter/0000-0002-3441-2981
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NR 130
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 22
U2 65
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 1531-7331
BN 978-0-8243-1746-1
J9 ANNU REV MATER RES
JI Ann. Rev. Mater. Res.
PY 2016
VL 46
BP 63
EP 91
DI 10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-031816
PG 29
GA BF0QU
UT WOS:000379330400004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Lewandowski, JJ
Seifi, M
AF Lewandowski, John J.
Seifi, Mohsen
BE Clarke, DR
TI Metal Additive Manufacturing: A Review of Mechanical Properties
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, VOL 46
SE Annual Review of Materials Research
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE metal additive manufacturing; mechanical properties; fracture; fatigue;
toughness; tensile
ID LASER-DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; BEAM MELTING EBM;
SOLUTION HEAT-TREATMENT; CRACK GROWTH-BEHAVIOR; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL;
HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; PROCESS PARAMETERS;
MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION
AB This article reviews published data on the mechanical properties of additively
manufactured metallic materials. The additive manufacturing techniques utilized to
generate samples covered in this review include powder bed fusion (e.g., EBM, SLM,
DMLS) and directed energy deposition (e.g., LENS, EBF3). Although only a limited
number of metallic alloy systems are currently available for additive manufacturing
(e.g., Ti-6Al-4V, TiAl, stainless steel, Inconel 625/718, and Al-Si-10Mg), the bulk
of the published mechanical properties information has been generated on Ti-6Al-4V.
However, summary tables for published mechanical properties and/or key figures are
included for each of the alloys listed above, grouped by the additive technique
used to generate the data. Published values for mechanical properties obtained from
hardness, tension/compression, fracture toughness, fatigue crack growth, and high
cycle fatigue are included for as-built, heat-treated, and/or HIP conditions, when
available. The effects of test orientation/build direction on properties, when
available, are also provided, along with discussion of the potential source(s)
(e.g., texture, microstructure changes, defects) of anisotropy in properties.
Recommendations for additional work are also provided.
C1 [Lewandowski, John J.; Seifi, Mohsen] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
RP Lewandowski, JJ (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci &
EM JJL3@case.edu; mohsen.seifi@case.edu
RI Lewandowski, John/S-3815-2017
OI Lewandowski, John/0000-0002-3389-2637; Seifi, Mohsen/0000-0001-8385-2337
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NR 223
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 95
U2 336
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 1531-7331
BN 978-0-8243-1746-1
J9 ANNU REV MATER RES
JI Ann. Rev. Mater. Res.
PY 2016
VL 46
BP 151
EP 186
DI 10.1146/annurev-matsci-070115-032024
PG 36
GA BF0QU
UT WOS:000379330400007
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Greitemeier, D
Donne, CD
Syassen, F
Eufinger, J
Melz, T
AF Greitemeier, D.
Dalle Donne, C.
Syassen, F.
Eufinger, J.
Melz, T.
TI Effect of surface roughness on fatigue performance of additive
manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; Additive manufacturing; Fatigue; EBM; DMLS; Surface
roughness; Fracture mechanics; EIFS
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; LIFE
AB Additive manufacturing is increasingly considered for production of high
quality, metallic, aerospace parts. Despite the high potential of this
manufacturing process to reduce weight and lead time, the fundamental understanding
of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V material is still at an early stage, especially
in the area of fatigue and damage tolerance. This paper covers the effects of
inherent surface roughness on the fatigue life. In the as built condition, metallic
parts have a poor surface texture, which is generally removed in fatigue critical
areas. It is shown that the fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V samples, produced by
direct metal laser sintering and electron beam melting, are dominated by surface
roughness effects. A simple model based on an equivalent initial flaw size is
formulated.
C1 [Greitemeier, D.; Dalle Donne, C.] Airbus Grp Innovat, D-81663 Munich, Germany.
[Syassen, F.] Airbus Operat, D-28199 Bremen, Germany.
[Eufinger, J.; Melz, T.] Fraunhofer Inst Struct Durabil & Syst Reliabil LB, D-
64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
RP Greitemeier, D (reprint author), Airbus Grp Innovat, D-81663 Munich, Germany.
EM daniel.greitemeier@airbus.com
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NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 14
U2 39
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 7
SI SI
BP 629
EP 634
DI 10.1179/1743284715Y.0000000053
PG 6
Engineering
GA DP2RP
UT WOS:000378338600003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Williams, SW
Martina, F
Addison, AC
Ding, J
Pardal, G
Colegrove, P
AF Williams, S. W.
Martina, F.
Addison, A. C.
Ding, J.
Pardal, G.
Colegrove, P.
TI Wire plus Arc Additive Manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Wire plus Arc Additive Manufacturing; Titanium;
Steel; Aluminium; Rolling; Microstructure control; Mechanical properties
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY; PARTS
AB Depositing large components (>10 kg) in titanium, aluminium, steel and other
metals is possible using Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing. This technology adopts
arc welding tools and wire as feedstock for additive manufacturing purposes. High
deposition rates, low material and equipment costs, and good structural integrity
make Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing a suitable candidate for replacing the
current method of manufacturing from solid billets or large forgings, especially
with regards to low and medium complexity parts. A variety of components have been
successfully manufactured with this process, including Ti-6Al-4V spars and landing
gear assemblies, aluminium wing ribs, steel wind tunnel models and cones.
Strategies on how to manage residual stress, improve mechanical properties and
eliminate defects such as porosity are suggested. Finally, the benefits of non-
destructive testing, online monitoring and in situ machining are discussed.
C1 [Williams, S. W.; Martina, F.; Addison, A. C.; Ding, J.; Pardal, G.; Colegrove,
P.] Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Bldg 46, Cranfield MK43 0AL,
Beds, England.
RP Martina, F (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Bldg
46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
EM f.martina@cranfield.ac.uk
FU WAAMMat programme industry partners; Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council [EP/K029010/1]
FX The authors would like to express their gratitude to B. Brooks and F.
Nielsen for the technical support. The work was supported by the WAAMMat
programme industry partners. Furthermore, financial contribution by
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under grant no.
EP/K029010/1 is acknowledged.
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NR 29
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 23
U2 83
PI ABINGDON
SN 0267-0836
EI 1743-2847
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 7
SI SI
BP 641
EP 647
DI 10.1179/1743284715Y.0000000073
PG 7
Engineering
GA DP2RP
UT WOS:000378338600005
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Korner, C
AF Koerner, C.
TI Additive manufacturing of metallic components by selective electron beam
melting - a review
SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective electron beam melting; Metals; Alloys;
Microstructure; Properties; Review
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLULAR STRUCTURES;
INCONEL 718; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; EBM; FABRICATION; IMPLANTS;
BEHAVIOR
AB Selective electron beam melting (SEBM) belongs to the additive manufacturing
technologies which are believed to revolutionise future industrial production.
Starting from computer-aided designed data, components are built layer by layer
within a powder bed by selectively melting the powder with a high power electron
beam. In contrast to selective laser melting (SLM), which can be used for metals,
polymers and ceramics, the application field of the electron beam is restricted to
metallic components since electric conductivity is required. On the other hand, the
electron beam works under vacuum conditions, can be moved at extremely high
velocities and a high beam power is available. These features make SEBM especially
interesting for the processing of high-performance alloys. The present review
describes SEBM with special focus on the relationship between process
characteristics, material consolidation and the resulting materials and component
properties.
C1 [Koerner, C.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Mat Sci, Chair Met Sci & Engn Met,
Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Korner, C (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Mat Sci, Chair Met Sci
& Engn Met, Martensstr 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
EM carolin.koemer@fau.de
FU German Research Council (DFG) within the Cluster of Excellence
'Engineering of Advanced Materials' at the University of
Erlangen-Nuremberg; German Research Council (DFG) within Collaborative
Research Centre 814, project B2, at the University of
Erlangen-Nuremberg; German Research Council (DFG) within Collaborative
Research Center, B2, at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg [TR 103];
Bavarian State
FX The author would like to acknowledge funding by the German Research
Council (DFG) within the Cluster of Excellence 'Engineering of Advanced
Materials', the Collaborative Research Centre 814, project B2 and
Collaborative Research Center TR 103, B2, at the University of
Erlangen-Nuremberg. In addition, the author thanks the Bavarian State
for the financial support in the framework of the technology transfer
centre 'VerTec'. The contributions in form of pictures and knowledge by
the following members of the Department of Materials Science of the
University Erlangen-Nuremberg and the Joint Institute of Advanced
Materials and Processes in Furth is acknowledged: A. Bauereiss, R.
Guschlbauer, P. Heinl, H. Helmer, V. Juchter, A. Klassen, Y.
Liebold-Ribeiro, M. Lodes, M. Ramsperger, T. Scharowsky, J.
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10.1002/pssb.201084211
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NR 99
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 28
U2 125
PI ABINGDON
SN 0950-6608
EI 1743-2804
J9 INT MATER REV
JI Int. Mater. Rev.
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 5
BP 361
EP 377
DI 10.1080/09506608.2016.1176289
PG 17
GA DO8TH
UT WOS:000378056200002
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Wesling, V
Schram, A
Muller, T
Treutler, K
AF Wesling, V.
Schram, A.
Mueller, T.
Treutler, K.
GP IOP
TI Influencing the arc and the mechanical properties of the weld metal in
GMA-welding processes by additive elements on the wire electrode surface
SO 18TH CHEMNITZ SEMINAR ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING
LA English
CT 18th Chemnitz Seminar on Materials Engineering
CY MAR 10-11, 2016
CL Chemnitz, GERMANY
AB Under the premise of an increasing scarcity of raw materials and increasing
demands on construction materials, the mechanical properties of steels and its
joints are gaining highly important. In particular high-and highest-strength steels
are getting in the focus of the research and the manufacturing industry. To the
same extent, the requirements for filler metals are increasing as well. At present,
these low-alloy materials are protected by a copper coating (<1 mu m) against
corrosion. In addition, the coating realizes a good ohmic contact and good sliding
properties between the welding machine and the wire during the welding process. By
exchanging the copper with other elements it should be possible to change the
mechanical properties of the weld metal and the arc stability during gas metal arc
welding processes and keep the basic functions of the coating nearly untouched. On
a laboratory scale solid wire electrodes with coatings of various elements and
compounds such as titanium oxide were made and processed with a Gas Metal Arc
Welding process. During the processing a different process behavior between the
wire electrodes, coated and original, could be observed. The influences ranges from
greater/shorter arc-length over increasing/decreasing droplets to larger/smaller
arc foot point. Furthermore, the weld metal of the coated electrodes has
significantly different mechanical and technological characteristics as the weld
metal from the copper coated ground wire. The yield strength and tensile strength
can be increased by up to 50 %. In addition, the chemical composition of the weld
metal was influenced by the application of coatings with layer thicknesses to 15
microns in the lower percentage range (up to about 3 %). Another effect of the
coating is a modified penetration. The normally occurring "argon finger" can be
suppressed or enhanced by the choice of the coating. With the help of the presented
studies it will be shown that Gas Metal Arc Welding processes are significantly
affected by thin film coatings on solid wire electrodes for Gas Metal Arc welding.
The influences are regarding the stability of the arc, the properties of the weld
metal in terms of geometric expression, chemical composition and mechanical
properties, the composition of the arc-plasma and the dynamics of the molten metal.
C1 [Wesling, V.; Schram, A.; Mueller, T.; Treutler, K.] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst
Welding & Machining, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
RP Wesling, V (reprint author), Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Welding & Machining, D-
38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
CR Hulsen R., 2001, SCHWEISSEN SCHNEIDEN, P219
KEENE BJ, 1988, INT MATER REV, V33, P1
Mills KC, 1998, PHILOS T R SOC A, V356, P911, DOI 10.1098/rsta.1998.0196
Schwarz B., 2006, SCHWEI SCHNEID GROSS
Takasu T, 1998, PHILOS T R SOC A, V356, P967, DOI 10.1098/rsta.1998.0201
Wesling V., 2015, 1 NIED S MAT CLAUSTH
Wesling V., 2015, POTENTIALE NEUARTIGE
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2016
VL 118
AR 012006
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/118/1/012006
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA BE8BY
UT WOS:000376260700046
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sidambe, AT
Todd, I
Hatton, PV
AF Sidambe, A. T.
Todd, I.
Hatton, P. V.
TI Effects of build orientation induced surface modifications on the in
vitro biocompatibility of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6Al4V; Titanium; Additive manufacturing; Biocompatibility; 3D
printing; Cytotoxicity; Implants; L929 fibroblasts; Cell culture
ID TITANIUM POWDER-METALLURGY; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IMPLANTS; TI-6AL-4V; ALLOYS
AB Titanium and its alloys may be processed via additive manufacturing techniques
such as electron beam melting (EBM). This field is receiving increased attention
from various manufacturing sectors including the medical devices sector. While the
economic and engineering potential of EBM for the manufacture of musculo-skeletal
implants is clear, the impact on the biocompatibility of the materials has been
less investigated. In this study, the effects of part orientation-induced surface
modifications on the in vitro biocompatibility of the EBM Ti6Al4V alloy were
investigated. The study assessed the suitability of three different Ti6Al4V
surfaces produced via the EBM process as variables for proliferation and attachment
of mouse fibroblast L929 cells. The three different surface topographies were
obtained by orienting the parts in vertical, horizontal and inclined (55 degrees)
orientation in the EBM build chamber. The mouse fibroblasts were cultured in vitro
on the Ti6Al4V alloy discs with three different surface finishes. Cell viability
studies, fluorescent microscopy as well as scanning electron micrographs were used
to assess the L929 cell attachment and proliferation. After 2 and 8 days of
incubation, there was a higher vitality and proliferation of L929 cells on the
vertical and inclined surfaces (R-a = 38 and 46 mu m, respectively) than on the
horizontal surfaces (R-a = 18 mu m). On the vertical and inclined samples, the
cells spread over a wider area, whereas on the horizontal samples cell spread was
affected by the topographical features. The results showed that the implants
produced by EBM meet basic biocompatibility requirements and also showed that part
orientation of titanium during EBM can produce surfaces with different
characteristics and these can affect cell growth.
C1 [Sidambe, A. T.; Hatton, P. V.] Univ Sheffield, Sch Clin Dent, Bioengn & Hlth
Technol Grp, 19 Claremont Crescent, Sheffield S10 2TA, S Yorkshire, England.
[Todd, I.] Univ Sheffield, Mat Sci & Engn Dept, Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, S
Yorkshire, England.
RP Sidambe, AT (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Sch Clin Dent, Bioengn & Hlth
EM a.t.sidambe@gmail.com
OI Sidambe, Alfred/0000-0001-8188-292X
FU Wellcome Trust through the Institutional Strategic Support Fund (ISSF)
at the University of Sheffield
FX The authors sincerely thank Dr Fatos Derguti and the staff at the
Mercury Centre (University of Sheffield) for help with fabrication of
the EBM Ti-64 discs and Dr Nicola Green at the Kroto Imaging Facility
(University of Sheffield) for help with acquisition of images on the
fluorescent microscope. Finally, the authors would like to thank the
Wellcome Trust for providing financial support through the Institutional
Strategic Support Fund (ISSF) at the University of Sheffield to conduct
the present research.
0397-x
Chen H, 2011, BIO-MED MATER ENG, V21, P1, DOI 10.3233/BME-2011-0652
Hollander D.A., 2003, EUR J TRAUMA, V29, P228
[Anonymous], 2009, 1099352009 ISO
Ivanova O, 2013, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V19, P353, DOI 10.1108/RPJ-12-2011-0127
Kearns V. R., 2011, SURFACE MODIFICATION, P169
Lv J., 2015, ADV ENG MATER, V17, P1
Ponader S., 2009, J BIOMED MATER RES A, V92, P56
Promega_ Corporation, 2015, CYTOTOX 96 NONR CYT
Shiba G, 2006, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V173, P310
Sidambe Alfred T., 2015, Materials Science Forum, V828-829, P145, DOI
Sidambe AT, 2013, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V568, P220, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2013.01.040
Sidambe AT, 2012, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V212, P1591, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.03.001
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 28
PI ABINGDON
SN 0032-5899
EI 1743-2901
J9 POWDER METALL
JI Powder Metall.
PY 2016
VL 59
IS 1
BP 57
EP 65
DI 10.1080/00325899.2016.1153278
PG 9
GA DM1EW
UT WOS:000376089200008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LC
Attar, H
Calin, M
Eckert, J
AF Zhang, L. -C.
Attar, H.
Calin, M.
Eckert, J.
TI Review on manufacture by selective laser melting and properties of
titanium based materials for biomedical applications
SO MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Selective laser melting; Titanium; Mechanical properties; Biomedical
application; Composite
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER-METALLURGY;
POROUS TITANIUM; HEAT-TREATMENT; TI-24NB-4ZR-8SN ALLOY; TI-ALLOYS;
BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES
AB Titanium (Ti) based materials are deemed one type of the best metallic materials
for biomedical application due to their good mechanical properties, high
biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Design and manufacture of complex shape
Ti parts with good quality are highly demanded in biomedical areas. Selective laser
melting (SLM), an additive manufacturing technology, is able to produce bulk
structural parts almost without geometric constraints. This review paper briefly
evaluates the work carried out on the significance of Ti materials, SLM technology
and SLM manufacturing of Ti materials commonly used for biomedical applications
including the microstructures and mechanical properties of resulting bulk dense
parts (Ti, Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-TiC and Ti-TiB) as well as
the porous structures successfully produced by SLM. This review indicates that SLM
produced Ti materials are able to fulfill the biomechanical and biocompatibility
requirements and can be considered as potential candidate for biomedical
applications.
C1 [Zhang, L. -C.; Attar, H.] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Engn, 270 Joondalup Dr, Perth,
WA 6027, Australia.
[Calin, M.; Eckert, J.] IFW Dresden, Inst Complex Mat, POB 270116, D-01171
Dresden, Germany.
[Eckert, J.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Mat Sci, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
RP Zhang, LC (reprint author), Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Engn, 270 Joondalup Dr, Perth,
WA 6027, Australia.
EM l.zhang@ecu.edu.au
RI Zhang, Lai-Chang/B-9769-2011
OI Zhang, Lai-Chang/0000-0003-0661-2051; Attar, Hooyar/0000-0002-7718-1386
FU Australian Research Council's Projects funding scheme [DP110101653];
European Commission (BioTiNet-ITN G.A.) [264635]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB/Transregio 79]
FX The authors thank T. B. Sercombe, Y. L. Hao, D. Klemm, K. G. Prashanth,
M. Bonisch, S. Scudino, K. Zhuravleva and A. Funk for collaboration and
K. Zhuravleva, T. Gustmann, D. Lohse and A. Voss for technical
assistance. This research was supported under the Australian Research
Council's Projects funding scheme (grant no. DP110101653). It has
further benefited from support of the European Commission (BioTiNet-ITN
G.A. 264635) and through the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(SFB/Transregio 79, Project M1).
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NR 83
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 21
U2 77
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1066-7857
EI 1753-5557
J9 MATER TECHNOL
JI Mater. Technol.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
SI SI
BP 66
EP 76
DI 10.1179/1753555715Y.0000000076
PG 11
GA DJ9YJ
UT WOS:000374569000002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Tang, H
AF Wang, J.
Tang, H.
TI Review on metals additively manufactured by SEBM
LA English
DT Review
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective electron beam melting; System;
Powders; Bulk and cellular metals
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; COMPRESSION FATIGUE; CELLULAR STRUCTURES; MESH
ARRAYS; TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM; POWDER; ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR
AB Selective electron beam melting (SEBM) is a typical powder bed fusion based
additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Compared with other AM technologies for
metals, SEBM offers two distinct advantages: high vacuum environment and low
residual stresses. Since the appearance of the technique in 1992, a number of
strong improvements have been made to SEBM, and a wide variety of metallic
materials have been processed and evaluated. To date, SEBM has proved to be
competent in the manufacturing of complex metallic parts with excellent mechanical
properties. As a result, it is being increasingly adopted by industry. However,
from the point of research and industrial applications, the fundamental research of
the technique is not enough and theoretical study of the metallurgical process is
of particular importance. Meanwhile, developing advanced systems, new structures
and alloys special for SEBM should be important for the future development.
C1 [Wang, J.; Tang, H.] Northwestern Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous
Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
RP Tang, H (reprint author), Northwestern Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab
EM thpfys@126.com
FU Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Project [2015KTCQ01-60]
FX This work is supported by Shaanxi Province Science and Technology
Project (grant no. 2015KTCQ01-60).
0397-x
Guo C., 2014, P 25 SOL FREEF FABR, P298
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.06.010
Knorr T, 2012, CHEM ENG J, V181, P725, DOI 10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.009
Qi HB, 2006, P I MECH ENG B-J ENG, V220, P1845, DOI 10.1243/09544054JEM438
10.1016/j.msea.2011.03.053
10.1002/pssb.201084211
10.1002/pssb.200945513
10.1016/j.intermet.2014.01.004
Sigl M., 2006, P 17 SOL FREEF FABR, P397
Yang X, 2007, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V36, P574
[Anonymous], Method and device for producing three-dimensional bodies, Patent
No. [WO 1994026446 A1, 1994026446]
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 39
PI ABINGDON
SN 1066-7857
EI 1753-5557
J9 MATER TECHNOL
JI Mater. Technol.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
SI SI
BP 86
EP 89
DI 10.1179/1753555715Y.0000000081
PG 4
GA DJ9YJ
UT WOS:000374569000004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, M
Lin, X
Huang, W
AF Wang, M.
Lin, X.
Huang, W.
TI Laser additive manufacture of titanium alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser additive manufacture; Selective laser melting; Laser metal
deposition; Titanium alloy
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; TI-6AL-4V; PARTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS;
MECHANISMS
AB Titanium alloys are highly adaptive to the manufacture of military, aircraft and
medical devices due to their high tensile strength and toughness. However, the
traditional processing path of titanium alloys are difficult and costly, which
restricted the wide applications of titanium alloys. Additive manufacture has
provided new processing routings for titanium alloys, with which high qualified
components can be produced efficiently. Selective laser melting and laser metal
deposition are two frequently used processing routings for additive manufacture of
titanium alloys; while the former is powder bed based and can be used to produce
fine components, the latter is powder feeding based and can be utilised to produce
large components. With different forming mechanisms, the processing routings
exhibit different characteristics in forming capacities, surface roughness, inner
microstructures and mechanical properties, during their applications on titanium
alloys. The development, characteristics and the applications of these two
techniques in titanium alloys are reviewed, and the future developments of laser
additive manufacture of titanium alloys are also discussed.
C1 [Wang, M.; Lin, X.; Huang, W.] Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab
RP Wang, M (reprint author), Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat
EM wangmeng@nwpu.edu.cn
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB610402]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [51271213]; State Key Laboratory of
Solidification Processing [91-QZ-2014]
FX The authors are grateful for support from the National Basic Research
Program of China (grant no. 2011CB610402), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (grant no. 51271213) and State Key Laboratory of
Solidification Processing (grant no. 91-QZ-2014).
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NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 9
U2 50
PI ABINGDON
SN 1066-7857
EI 1753-5557
J9 MATER TECHNOL
JI Mater. Technol.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
SI SI
BP 90
EP 97
DI 10.1179/1753555715Y.0000000079
PG 8
GA DJ9YJ
UT WOS:000374569000005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, S
Li, SJ
Hou, WT
Hao, YL
Yang, R
Murr, LE
AF Zhao, S.
Li, S. J.
Hou, W. T.
Hao, Y. L.
Yang, R.
Murr, L. E.
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of open cellular Ti-6Al-4V
prototypes fabricated by electron beam melting for biomedical
applications
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V cellular structures; Electron beam melting; Microstructure;
Mechanical properties; Biocompatibility
ID TITANIUM IMPLANTS; FATIGUE BEHAVIOR; NEXT-GENERATION; METALLIC FOAMS;
MESH ARRAYS; ALLOY; BONE; SCAFFOLDS; POROSITY; BIOMATERIALS
AB Titanium and titanium alloys with open cellular structures and foams possess low
Young's modulus matching to human bone and the capability to provide space for bone
tissue ingrowth to reach a better fixation, which have been thought as a good
choice for the replacement of commercial dense implants. However, currently
developed fabrication methods of titanium cellular alloys, such as powder
sintering, reveal shortcomings like the low porosity and poor control over the
size, shape and distribution of the pores. Recently, additive manufacturing using
the electron beam melting method has been applied successfully to fabricate
titanium cellular meshes and foams. Compared to other reported methods, this
technique has the advantages of accurate control of internal pore architectures and
complex cell shapes. In the present paper, the authors briefly review the
fabrication, Young's modulus, mechanical properties and biocompatibility of Ti-6Al-
4V cellular structures fabricated by electron beam melting techniques, along with
future development trends.
C1 [Zhao, S.; Li, S. J.; Hou, W. T.; Hao, Y. L.; Yang, R.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst
Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
[Murr, L. E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Li, SJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat
Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
EM shjli@imr.ac.cn
OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376
National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB619103, 2012CB933901,
2012CB933902]; 863 Project [2015AA033702]
FX The present study was partially supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (51271182 and 51271180), the National Basic
Research Program of China (2012CB619103, 2012CB933901 and 2012CB933902)
and the 863 Project (2015AA033702).
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NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 29
PI ABINGDON
SN 1066-7857
EI 1753-5557
J9 MATER TECHNOL
JI Mater. Technol.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
SI SI
BP 98
EP 107
DI 10.1179/1753555715Y.0000000056
PG 10
GA DJ9YJ
UT WOS:000374569000006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Q
Wang, Y
Zheng, H
Tang, K
Li, H
Gong, S
AF Liu, Q.
Wang, Y.
Zheng, H.
Tang, K.
Li, H.
Gong, S.
TI Wire feeding based laser additive manufacturing TC17 titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser melting deposition; Additive manufacturing; Ti alloy; TC17; Wire
feeding
ID POWER DIODE-LASER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL-DEPOSITION; TI-6AL-4V;
MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER
AB TC17 titanium alloy is a rich stable element dual + phase alloy whose nominal
composition is Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr. It has high mechanical strength, good
fracture toughness, high hardenability and a wide forging temperature range. TC17
titanium alloy is principally applied in engine fan blades, compressor discs and
thick sectional forging parts. Laser melting deposition by wire feeding is a
technology based on the additive manufacturing principal. The fine wire is melted
by laser and then deposited on the substrate along the scanning traces during the
process; ultimately, three-dimensional parts are deposited and accumulated layer by
layer. Compared to powder feeding, the use of wire is advantageous in terms of
having a simple feeding mechanism as well as a higher deposition rate. Generally,
the melting state of titanium alloy wire is mainly influenced by laser power, wire
feeding speed and scanning velocity. The main focus of the experimental
investigation is to find the basic process characteristics. For this purpose, this
paper indicates the effect of these parameters on the microstructure, internal
defects, heat affected zone, microhardness, microroughness and morphology of single
beads through a surface response experiment, and then optimises the laser melting
deposition process of TC17 titanium alloy; furthermore, thin walled structure
samples are prepared by the optimised parameters.
C1 [Liu, Q.; Wang, Y.; Zheng, H.; Tang, K.; Li, H.; Gong, S.] AVIC Beijing Aeronaut
Mfg Technol Res Inst, Sci & Technol Power Beam Proc Lab, Beijing 100024, Peoples R
China.
[Liu, Q.; Wang, Y.; Tang, K.; Li, H.; Gong, S.] AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg
Technol Res Inst, Beijing Key Lab High Power Beam Addit Mfg Technol, Beijing
[Zheng, H.] Beihang Univ, Sch Mech Engn & Automat, Beijing 100191, Peoples R
China.
[Tang, K.] Petr Univ China, Sch Mech Engn, Qingdao 266000, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, Q (reprint author), AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Sci &
Technol Power Beam Proc Lab, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.; Liu, Q (reprint
author), AVIC Beijing Aeronaut Mfg Technol Res Inst, Beijing Key Lab High Power
Beam Addit Mfg Technol, Beijing 100024, Peoples R China.
EM aliuqi@gmail.com
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51505451]; Beijing
FX This project is supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of
China grant number 51505451 and Beijing Municipal Science and Technology
Program grant number Z131104002813103. The science and technology
activities in the power beam processes laboratory were especially
supported by Dr H. Suo, Dr Z. Huang, Dr Y. You, Dr S. Zhang, Dr W. Chen,
Y. Yang, F. SUN and Professor Z. Li. The discussions with Professor L.
Chen on wire feeding based additive manufacturing titanium alloy are
greatly appreciated.
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
5093(96)10233-1
Lopes G., 2008, VIRTUAL RAPID MANUFA, P70
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Syed WUH, 2006, J LASER APPL, V18, P65, DOI 10.2351/1.2164485
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NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 18
PI ABINGDON
SN 1066-7857
EI 1753-5557
J9 MATER TECHNOL
JI Mater. Technol.
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 2
SI SI
BP 108
EP 114
DI 10.1179/1753555715Y.0000000075
PG 7
GA DJ9YJ
UT WOS:000374569000007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammad, A
Alahmari, AM
Moiduddin, K
Mohammed, MK
Alomar, A
Renganayagalu, RK
AF Mohammad, Ashfaq
Moiduddin, Khaja
Alomar, Abdulrahman
Renganayagalu, Ravi Kottan
TI Porous gamma-TiAl Structures Fabricated by Electron Beam Melting Process
SO METALS
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; electron beam melting; titanium aluminides;
porous structures; bio-implants; compressive stiffness
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM ALUMINIDE; POROSITY; TI-6AL-4V; MODULUS;
STEEL
AB Porous metal structures have many benefits over fully dense structures for use
in bio-implants. The designs of porous structures can be made more sophisticated by
altering their pore volume and strut orientation. Porous structures made from
biocompatible materials such as titanium and its alloys can be produced using
electron-beam melting, and recent reports have shown the biocompatibility of
titanium aluminide (gamma-TiAl). In the present work, we produced porous gamma-TiAl
structures by electron-beam melting, incorporating varying pore volumes. To achieve
this, the individual pore dimensions were kept constant, and only the strut
thickness was altered. Thus, for the highest pore volume of similar to 77%, the
struts had to be as thin as half a millimeter. To accomplish such fine struts, we
used various beam currents and scan strategies. Microscopy showed that selecting a
proper scan strategy was most important in producing these fine struts.
Microcomputed tomography revealed no major gaps in the struts, and the fine struts
displayed compressive stiffness similar to that of natural bone. The
characteristics of these highly-porous structures suggest their promise for use in
bio-implants.
C1 [Mohammad, Ashfaq; Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.; Mohammed, Muneer Khan] King Saud
Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Princess Fatima Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh
[Alahmari, Abdulrahman M.; Moiduddin, Khaja; Alomar, Abdulrahman] King Saud
Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[Renganayagalu, Ravi Kottan] PSG Inst Adv Studies, Struct Nanomat Lab,
Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India.
Alnijiriss Res Chair Adv Mfg Tech, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
EM mashfaq@ksu.edu.sa; alahmari@ksu.edu.sa; kmoiduddin@gmail.com;
muneer0649@gmail.com; alomar.ab@gmail.com; krravi.psgias@gmail.com
[11-ADV1494-02]
CR Allison PG, 2012, J MATER ENG PERFORM, V21, P1422, DOI 10.1007/s11665-011-0001-6
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8506(07)60059-6
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0039-4
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014-5179-3
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NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 24
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 2075-4701
J9 METALS-BASEL
JI Metals
PD JAN
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 1
AR 25
DI 10.3390/met6010025
PG 17
Engineering
GA DL7TD
UT WOS:000375842100024
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Do, DK
Li, PF
AF Do, Dang Khoa
Li, Peifeng
TI The effect of laser energy input on the microstructure, physical and
mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloys by selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; selective laser melting; microstructure; mechanical
property; additive manufacturing
ID MICROLATTICE STRUCTURES; STAINLESS-STEEL; BEHAVIOR; POWDERS
AB Selective laser melting is an advanced manufacturing process which can control
the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of as-manufactured products
via various processing parameters. In this study, the porosity/relative density,
surface quality, microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated on the
selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimens fabricated with a wide range of
laser energy inputs. It was found that the microstructure of selected laser melted
Ti-6Al-4V alloys is typical of acicular martensites a'. Quantitative analysis
reveals that the relative density, martensitic lath size and microhardness increase
with the laser energy input. The surface quality is also substantially affected by
the energy input.
C1 [Do, Dang Khoa; Li, Peifeng] Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D,
Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RP Li, PF (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch
Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM peifeng.li@ntu.edu.sg
RI Li, Peifeng/A-9946-2010
OI Li, Peifeng/0000-0002-8389-3224
5093(97)00802-2
Campanelli SL, 2010, NEW TRENDS TECHNOLOG, P233, DOI DOI 10.5772/10432
0136(02)00865-8
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.11.051
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Mazumder J, 1999, MATER RES INNOV, V3, P118, DOI 10.1007/s100190050137
8506(07)60395-3
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Yasa E, 2010, INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENTS IN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING, P207
NR 23
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 17
PI ABINGDON
SN 1745-2759
EI 1745-2767
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 1
BP 41
EP 47
DI 10.1080/17452759.2016.1142215
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA DJ7QK
UT WOS:000374405700005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Al-Ahmari, A
Ashfaq, M
Alfaify, A
Abdo, B
Alomar, A
Dawud, A
AF Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman
Ashfaq, Mohammad
Alfaify, Abdullah
Abdo, Basem
Alomar, Abdulrahman
Dawud, Abdelnaser
TI Predicting surface quality of gamma-TiAl produced by additive
manufacturing process using response surface method
SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EBM process; End milling; Response surface method; Factorial design;
Surface quality
ID TITANIUM ALUMINIDE; INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS; TOOL WEAR; MICROSTRUCTURE;
PERFORMANCE; INTEGRITY; OPTIMIZATION
AB Electron beam melting (EBM) has been found to be a promising technology for
producing complex shaped parts from gamma titanium aluminide alloys (gamma-TiAl).
The parts produced by this process are projected to have dimensions very close to
the desired final shapes. However, the surface roughness of the parts produced by
EBM is excessively rough. In many applications, it is necessary to improve the
quality of manufactured parts using a convenient post process. This paper
determines process parameters of end milling when it is used as a post process for
the parts produced by EBM. Design of experiments has been used to study the effect
of the selected input parameters of end milling (spindle speed, feed rate, depth of
cut and coolant type) on the surface roughness of gamma-TiAl parts. Response
surface methodology is used to develop a predictive model for surface roughness.
Effects of the selected milling process are investigated. This paper also optimizes
the selected process parameters to minimize the value of the obtained surface
roughness.
C1 [Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Ashfaq, Mohammad; Abdo, Basem] King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg
Inst, FARCAMT Chair, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
[Al-Ahmari, Abdulrahman; Alfaify, Abdullah; Alomar, Abdulrahman; Dawud,
Abdelnaser] King Saud Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
RP Al-Ahmari, A (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, FARCAMT Chair,
Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.; Al-Ahmari, A (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Coll
Engn, Dept Ind Engn, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
EM alahamri@ksu.edu.sa
[11-ADV1494-02]
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6
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.07.021
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10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.11.019
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NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU KOREAN SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI SEOUL
PA KSTC NEW BLD. 7TH FLOOR, 635-4 YEOKSAM-DONG KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703,
SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-494X
EI 1976-3824
J9 J MECH SCI TECHNOL
JI J. Mech. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 1
BP 345
EP 352
DI 10.1007/s12206-015-1239-y
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA DG7AP
UT WOS:000372237500036
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Chudinova, E
Surmeneva, M
Koptioug, A
Sharonova, A
Loza, K
Surmenev, R
AF Chudinova, E.
Surmeneva, M.
Koptioug, A.
Sharonova, A.
Loza, K.
Surmenev, R.
GP IOP
TI Surface modification of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V alloy with Ag
nanoparticles: wettability and surface morphology study
SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN
MODERN MATERIALS SCIENCE 2015
LA English
CT International Conference on Advanced Materials and New Technologies in
Modern Materials Science
CY NOV 09-11, 2015
CL Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Tomsk, RUSSIA
SP Natl Res Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Inst Strength Phys & Mat Sci SB RAS, Russian Mat
Sci Ctr, Natl Res Tomsk State Univ, Novosibirsk State Tech Univ, Russian Federat
HO Tomsk Polytechn Univ
ID SILVER NANOPARTICLES; FABRICATION; TITANIUM; IMPLANTS
AB In this work, the use of electrophoretic deposition to modify the surface of
Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated via additive manufacturing technology is reported.
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) had a
spherical shape with a diameter of the metallic core of 100 +/- 20 nm and zeta-
potential -15 mV. The AgNPs-coated Ti6Al4V alloy was studied in respect with its
chemical composition and surface morphology, water contact angle, hysteresis, and
surface free energy. The results of SEM microphotography analysis showed that the
AgNPs were homogeneously distributed over the surface. Hysteresis and water contact
angle measurements revealed the effect of the deposited AgNPs layer, namely an
increased water contact angle and decreased contact angle hysteresis. However, the
average water contact angle was 125 degrees for PVP-stabilized-AgNPs-coated
surface, whereas ethylene glycol gave the average contact angle of 17 degrees. A
higher surface energy is observed for AgNPs-coated Ti6Al4V surface (70.17 mN/m)
compared with the uncoated surface (49.07 mN/m).
C1 [Chudinova, E.; Surmeneva, M.; Sharonova, A.; Surmenev, R.] Tomsk Polytech Univ,
Inst Phys & Technol, 30 Lenina Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Koptioug, A.] Mid Sweden Univ, Akad Gatan 1, SE-83125 Ostersund, Sweden.
[Loza, K.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Inorgan Chem, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
[Loza, K.] Univ Duisburg Essen, Ctr Nanointegrat Duisburg Essen CeNIDE, D-45117
Essen, Germany.
RP Surmenev, R (reprint author), Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Phys & Technol, 30
Lenina Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
EM rsurmenev@mail.ru
OI Loza, Kateryna/0000-0001-9755-1121
CR Astm, 2014, F292414 ASTM
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10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131525
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5
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NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2016
VL 116
AR 012004
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/116/1/012004
PG 6
GA BE4MC
UT WOS:000371919000004
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Girardin, E
Barucca, G
Mengucci, P
Fiori, F
Bassoli, E
Gatto, A
Iuliano, L
Rutkowski, B
AF Girardin, E.
Barucca, G.
Mengucci, P.
Fiori, F.
Bassoli, E.
Gatto, A.
Iuliano, L.
Rutkowski, B.
TI Biomedical Co-Cr-Mo components produced by Direct Metal Laser Sintering
LA English
CT 12th International Conference on Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies / 8th
International Symposium on Flexible Organic Electronics / 9th
International Summer Schools on Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies -
Organic Electronics and Nanomedicine
CY JUL 04-11, 2015
CL Thessaloniki, GREECE
DE biomedical alloy; laser sintering; mechanical properties; Transmission
electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction
ID TITANIUM POWDER; PARTS; FABRICATION
AB Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) is an additive manufacturing technique based
on a laser power source that sinters powdered materials using a 3D CAD model. The
mechanical components produced by this procedure typically show higher residual
porosity and poorer mechanical properties than those obtained by traditional
manufacturing techniques. In this study, samples were produced by DMLS starting
from a Co-Cr-Mo powder (in the gamma phase) with a composition suitable for
biomedical applications. Samples were submitted to hardness measurements and
structural characterization. The samples showed a hardness value remarkably higher
that those commonly obtained for the same cast or wrought alloys. In fact, the HRC
value measured for the samples is 47 HRC, while the usual range for CAST Co-Cr-Mo
is from 25 to 35 HRC. The samples microstructure was investigated by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and energy dispersive
microanalysis (EDX) in order to clarify the origin of this unexpected result. The
laser treatment induced a melting of the metallic Co-Cr-Mo powder, generating a
phase transformation from the gamma (fcc) to the epsilon (hcp) phase. The rapid
cooling of the melted powder produced the formation of epsilon (hcp) nano-lamellae
inside the gamma (fcc) phase. The nano-lamellae formed an intricate network
responsible for the measured hardness increase. The results suggest possible
innovative applications of the DMLS technique to the production of mechanical parts
in the medical and dental fields, where a high degree of personalization is
required. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Girardin, E.; Fiori, F.] Univ Politecn Marche, DISCO, Via Brecce Bianche, I-
60131 Ancona, Italy.
[Barucca, G.; Mengucci, P.] Univ Politecn Marche, SIMAU, Via Brecce Bianche, I-
60131 Ancona, Italy.
[Bassoli, E.; Gatto, A.] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, DIMeC, Via Vignolese 905-
B, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
[Iuliano, L.] Politecn Torino, DISPEA, Cso Duca Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin,
Italy.
[Rutkowski, B.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Int Ctr Electron Microscopy Mat Sci, Al
A Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
RP Girardin, E (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, DISCO, Via Brecce Bianche,
I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
EM e.girardin@univpm.it
RI MENGUCCI, PAOLO/M-7228-2016
OI MENGUCCI, PAOLO/0000-0001-9049-8524; Barucca,
Gianni/0000-0002-7368-6264; Fiori, Fabrizio/0000-0003-3257-7480; gatto,
andrea/0000-0001-5547-624X
CR Barucca G, 2015, MAT SCI ENG C-MATER, V48, P263, DOI 10.1016/j.msec.2014.12.009
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van Elsen M, 2008, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V14, P15, DOI 10.1108/13552540810841526
10.1108/13552540710776142
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 16
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 3
BP 889
EP 897
DI 10.1016/j.matpr.2016.02.022
PG 9
GA DF0JY
UT WOS:000371026400022
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Chen, J
Guo, PF
Tan, H
Lin, X
Huang, WD
AF Zhang, Qiang
Chen, Jing
Guo, Pengfei
Tan, Hua
Lin, Xin
Huang, Weidong
TI Texture and microstructure characterization in laser additive
manufactured Ti-6Al-2Zr-2Sn-3Mo-1.5Cr-2Nb titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Texture; Microstructure characterization; Thermal history; Laser
ID BETA GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V;
DEPOSITION; ALPHA; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; FABRICATION; EVOLUTION;
BUILDS
AB Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) is a novel manufacturing technique in which
metal components can be fabricated layer by layer. In this study, a recently
developed damage tolerance titanium alloy TC21 (Ti-6Al-2Zr-2Sn-3Mo-1.5Cr-2Nb) was
deposited by LAM process. Texture and microstructure characterization have been
investigated by XRD, SEM and EBSD. Prior beta grains texture analysis indicates
that the (100) poles concentrate in build direction with a texture intensity about
18.7. During cooling down from beta phase field, the beta to alpha phase
transformation follows the Burger orientation relationship and a pronounced variant
selection occurred. Besides, morphology and scale of alpha phase are quite
different along the build direction due to different thermal history. Very fine
rib-like alpha phase with the length less than 2 mu m and acicular martensite
alpha' can be obtained at the bottom and the top of the sample, respectively. In
the middle position, distribution and morphology of alpha phase is quite uneven and
the precipitation sequence of alpha phase is alpha(GB) -> alpha(WGB) -> alpha(WM)
-> alpha(S). The reasons by which they formed are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zhang, Qiang; Chen, Jing; Guo, Pengfei; Tan, Hua; Lin, Xin; Huang, Weidong]
Northwestern Polytech Univ, State Key Lab Solidificat Proc, Xian 710072, Peoples R
China.
RI Lin, Xin/L-9950-2013
OI Lin, Xin/0000-0002-7491-8928
National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
[2013AA031103]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 51105311, Grant No. 51475380) and the National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.
2013AA031103).
0397-x
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Zhao Y., 2010, MAT CHINA, V29, P1
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 71
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD DEC 25
PY 2015
VL 88
BP 550
EP 557
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.053
PG 8
GA CV4SR
UT WOS:000364257300067
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yap, CY
Chua, CK
Dong, ZL
Liu, ZH
Zhang, DQ
Loh, LE
Sing, SL
AF Yap, C. Y.
Chua, C. K.
Dong, Z. L.
Liu, Z. H.
Zhang, D. Q.
Loh, L. E.
Sing, S. L.
TI Review of selective laser melting: Materials and applications
SO APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID SECTION COMPONENT REPAIR; 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; CU MATRIX COMPOSITES;
COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; CRYSTAL ALLOY CMSX-4; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
WEAR BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; HYDROXYAPATITE COMPOSITE;
PROCESSING PARAMETERS
AB Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a particular rapid prototyping, 3D printing, or
Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique designed to use high power-density laser to
melt and fuse metallic powders. A component is built by selectively melting and
fusing powders within and between layers. The SLM technique is also commonly known
as direct selective laser sintering, LaserCusing, and direct metal laser sintering,
and this technique has been proven to produce near net-shape parts up to 99.9%
relative density. This enables the process to build near full density functional
parts and has viable economic benefits. Recent developments of fibre optics and
high-power laser have also enabled SLM to process different metallic materials,
such as copper, aluminium, and tungsten. Similarly, this has also opened up
research opportunities in SLM of ceramic and composite materials. The review
presents the SLM process and some of the common physical phenomena associated with
this AM technology. It then focuses on the following areas: (a) applications of SLM
materials and (b) mechanical properties of SLM parts achieved in research
publications. The review is not meant to put a ceiling on the capabilities of the
SLM process but to enable readers to have an overview on the material properties
achieved by the SLM process so far. Trends in research of SLM are also elaborated
in the last section. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Yap, C. Y.; Chua, C. K.; Liu, Z. H.; Zhang, D. Q.; Loh, L. E.; Sing, S. L.]
Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang
Ave,Block N3-1-B2c-01, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Yap, C. Y.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Energy Res Inst NTU, Interdisciplinary Grad
Sch, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Dong, Z. L.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Singapore 639798,
Singapore.
RP Chua, CK (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D, Sch
Mech & Aerosp Engn, 50 Nanyang Ave,Block N3-1-B2c-01, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
EM cyap001@e.ntu.edu.sg; mckchua@ntu.edu.sg; zldong@ntu.edu.sg;
azhliu@ntu.edu.sg; zhangdq@ntu.edu.sg; leloh1@e.ntu.edu.sg;
sing0011@e.ntu.edu.sg
RI Sing, Swee Leong/M-3270-2014; Dong, Zhili/A-2249-2011
OI Sing, Swee Leong/0000-0002-3980-6605; Dong, Zhili/0000-0001-8116-6747
FU Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Interdisciplinary Graduate School,
Nanyang Technological University for funding the Ph.D. studies.
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NR 222
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 88
U2 550
PI MELVILLE
SN 1931-9401
J9 APPL PHYS REV
JI Appl. Phys. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2015
VL 2
IS 4
AR UNSP 041101
DI 10.1063/1.4935926
PG 21
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA DC0KR
UT WOS:000368906500008
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MR
Huang, YS
Tseng, WC
Lai, KL
Hwang, SJ
AF Wang, Muh-Rong
Huang, Yang-Sheng
Tseng, Wei-Chieh
Lai, Kuan-Lan
Hwang, Sheng-Jye
TI Production of Gas-Atomized Aluminum Alloy Powders for Metal Additive
Manufacturing Processes
SO JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Aluminum alloy powders; Metal additive manufacture; Gas atomization;
Internal-mixing atomizer
ID DELIVERY TUBE; SPRAY DEPOSITION; ATOMIZATION; NOZZLE; FLOW; SIZE
AB Light alloys, such as aluminum or titanium alloys, have potential applications
in the automotive and aerospace industries due to their low density and high
specific strength. Gas-assisted atomization processes have been widely used in the
industrial production of metal powders. The benefits of using gas-atomized metal
powders in MAM (metal additive manufacturing) processes have been explored in
recent studies. In this paper, a novel gas-assisted nozzle, which is designed with
an internal melt pre-filming mechanism, is proposed to control the largest size of
the gas-atomized aluminum powders. The atomization performance of this nozzle is
investigated, and the powder size distribution is measured by a Coulter LS230
particle sizer. The results show that the particle size of the gas-atomized powders
deceases as the atomization gas pressure increases. The gas-to-melt mass ratio is
0.24 under an atomization gas pressure of 5 bar. A mean particle size (D50) of 18.0
mu m and maximum particle size (D90) of 35.9 mu m have been achieved under a gas
atomization pressure of 5 bar. The as-atomized AlSi10Mg alloy powders produced in
this work are able to meet the requirements of MAM processes.
C1 [Wang, Muh-Rong; Tseng, Wei-Chieh; Lai, Kuan-Lan] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept
Aeronaut & Astronaut, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Huang, Yang-Sheng] Met Ind Res & Dev Ctr, Kaohsiung 81160, Taiwan.
[Hwang, Sheng-Jye] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
RP Wang, MR (reprint author), Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut,
Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
FU Department of Science and Technology of Republic of China
[MOST103-2218-E006-016]
FX This research has been financially supported by Department of Science
and Technology of Republic of China under Contract No.
MOST103-2218-E006-016.
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TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 18
PU CHINESE SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI TAIPEI
PA 4F NO 60 SEC 2 PA TE RD, TAIPEI, 10401, TAIWAN
SN 0257-9731
J9 J CHIN SOC MECH ENG
JI J. Chin. Soc. Mech. Eng.
PD DEC
PY 2015
VL 36
IS 6
BP 555
EP 559
PG 5
SC Engineering
GA DA7CW
UT WOS:000367963200010
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Martina, F
Colegrove, PA
Williams, SW
Meyer, J
AF Martina, Filomeno
Colegrove, Paul A.
Williams, Stewart W.
Meyer, Jonathan
TI Microstructure of Interpass Rolled Wire plus Arc Additive Manufacturing
Ti-6Al-4V Components
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; EVOLUTION; BUILDS; WELDS
AB Mechanical property anisotropy is one of the issues that are limiting the
industrial adoption of additive manufacturing (AM) Ti-6Al-4V components. To improve
the deposits' microstructure, the effect of high-pressure interpass rolling was
evaluated, and a flat and a profiled roller were compared. The microstructure was
changed from large columnar prior beta grains that traversed the component to
equiaxed grains that were between 56 and 139 mu m in size. The repetitive variation
in Widmanstatten alpha lamellae size was retained; however, with rolling, the
overall size was reduced. A ''fundamental study'' was used to gain insight into the
microstructural changes that occurred due to the combination of deformation and
deposition. High-pressure interpass rolling can overcome many of the shortcomings
of AM, potentially aiding industrial implementation of the process. (C) The
Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
C1 [Martina, Filomeno; Colegrove, Paul A.; Williams, Stewart W.] Cranfield Univ,
Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Meyer, Jonathan] Airbus Grp Innovat, Bristol BS99 7AR, Avon, England.
RP Martina, F (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Bldg
46, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
EM f.martina@cranfield.ac.uk
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K029010/1];
Airbus Group Innovations
FX The authors would like to thank Mr. Flemming Nielsen and Mr. Brian
Brooks for their help during the experimental work. Mr. Andrew Dyer's
and Dr. Xianwei Liu's assistance during the optical and scanning
electron microscopy images analysis was greatly appreciated. Jack
Donoghue provided valuable assistance for the grain size analysis. The
financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research
Council under Grant No. EP/K029010/1 and Airbus Group Innovations is
acknowledged. Enquiries for access to the data referred to in this
article should be directed to researchdata@cranfield.ac.uk.
CR Almeida P.S., 21 INT SOL FREEF FAB, P25
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10.1179/136217108X388624
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.04.012
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10.1016/j.msea.2010.03.023
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5093(00)00741-3
10.1179/1743284715Y.0000000073
Xue C, 2012, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V41, P472
NR 24
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD DEC
PY 2015
VL 46A
IS 12
BP 6103
EP 6118
DI 10.1007/s11661-015-3172-1
PG 16
Engineering
GA CZ1YU
UT WOS:000366902900055
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Chan, KS
AF Chan, Kwai S.
TI Characterization and analysis of surface notches on Ti-alloy plates
fabricated by additive manufacturing techniques
SO SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY-METROLOGY AND PROPERTIES
LA English
DT Article
DE layer deposition; surface nothces; fatigue life; titanium alloys
ID MELTED TI-6AL-4V; DENTAL IMPLANTS; FATIGUE LIFE; LASER; MICROSTRUCTURE;
PREDICTION; BEHAVIOR
AB Rectangular plates of Ti-6Al-4V with extra low interstitial (ELI) were
fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition techniques that included electron beam
melting (EBM) and laser beam melting (LBM). The surface conditions of these plates
were characterized using x-ray micro-computed tomography. The depth and radius of
surface notch-like features on the LBM and EBM plates were measured from sectional
images of individual virtual slices of the rectangular plates. The stress
concentration factors of individual surface notches were computed and analyzed
statistically to determine the appropriate distributions for the notch depth, notch
radius, and stress concentration factor. These results were correlated with the
fatigue life of the Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloys from an earlier investigation. A surface
notch analysis was performed to assess the debit in the fatigue strength due to the
surface notches. The assessment revealed that the fatigue lives of the additively
manufactured plates with rough surface topographies and notch-like features are
dominated by the fatigue crack growth of large cracks for both the LBM and EBM
materials. The fatigue strength reduction due to the surface notches can be as
large as 60%-75%. It is concluded that for better fatigue performance, the surface
notches on EBM and LBM materials need to be removed by machining and the surface
roughness be improved to a surface finish of about 1 mu m.
C1 SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA.
RP Chan, KS (reprint author), SW Res Inst, 6220 Culebra Rd, San Antonio, TX 78238
USA.
EM kchan@swri.org
Amsterdam E, 2009, BRIDGING GAP THEORY, P1261
ASM Handbook Committee, 1985, ASM HDB COMM 1985 ME, V9
Brandl E, 2011, TRENDS AER MAN 2009, V26
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.011
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 23
PI BRISTOL
SN 2051-672X
J9 SURF TOPOGR-METROL
JI Surf. Topogr.-Metrol. Prop.
PD DEC
PY 2015
VL 3
IS 4
DI 10.1088/2051-672X/3/4/044006
PG 11
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA CV6NG
UT WOS:000364386300007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ding, J
Colegrove, P
Martina, F
Williams, S
Wiktorowicz, R
Palt, MR
AF Ding, J.
Colegrove, P.
Martina, F.
Williams, S.
Wiktorowicz, R.
Palt, M. R.
TI Development of a laminar flow local shielding device for wire plus arc
additive manufacture
LA English
DT Article
DE Local shielding; Trailing shield; Laminar flow; Additive manufacture;
Titanium; CFD
ID GAS
AB A shielded environment is required during the wire + arc additive manufacture
(WAAM) of titanium alloys to prevent oxidation. Applying local shielding can
increase the flexibility of the WAAM process, however conventional devices do not
provide adequate protection due to entrainment of the surrounding air. In this
study, a new local shielding device based on laminar flow was developed and
compared with a conventional device. The laminar local shielding device showed up
to three orders of magnitude improvement with contamination levels below 2000 ppm
being achieved with a stand-off distance of 30 mm. The performance was also
assessed along a mock-up WAAM wall which showed that it could be protected up to 30
mm from the top. Finally, computational fluid dynamics models provided insight into
the device performance and enabled the performance of an argon knife to be
evaluated. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ding, J.; Colegrove, P.; Martina, F.; Williams, S.] Cranfield Univ, Welding
Engn & Laser Proc Ctr, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Wiktorowicz, R.] Air Prod PLC, Basingstoke RG24 8FE, Hants, England.
[Palt, M. R.] Air Prod Management SA NV, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Ding, J (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Welding Engn & Laser Proc Ctr,
Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
EM Jialuo.ding@cranfleld.ac.uk
FU Air Products, U.K
FX The authors would like to thank Air Products, U.K. for their financial
support. They would also like to thank Brian Brooks for his technical
assistance and Timet for providing the analysis of the oxygen content
within the titanium deposits.
CR Almeida PMS, 2010, P 21 ANN INT SOL FRE, P25
Babish F., 2007, AWSG24G24M2007
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
Chong TP, 2009, APPL ACOUST, V70, P605, DOI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2008.06.011
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Kulkarni V, 2011, J WIND ENG IND AEROD, V99, P37, DOI
10.1016/j.jweia.2010.10.006
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.02.002
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NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 6
U2 50
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD DEC
PY 2015
VL 226
BP 99
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.07.005
PG 7
Multidisciplinary
GA CS0UE
UT WOS:000361776900011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, R. M.
Akinlabi, E. T.
TI Laser metal deposition of functionally graded Ti6Al4V/TiC
LA English
DT Article
DE Deposition; Laser; Microstructure; Titanium wear
ID STEEL PARTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; FABRICATION; POWDER; COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR;
PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGY; RESISTANCE; SUBSTRATE
AB Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are advanced materials with improved
properties that enable them to withstand severe working environment which the
traditional composite materials cannot withstand. FGM found their applications in
several areas which include: military, medicine and aerospace. Various
manufacturing processes are used to produce functionally graded materials that
include: powder metallurgy, physical vapour deposition, chemical vapour deposition
process and laser metal deposition process. Laser metal deposition (LMD) process is
an additive manufacturing process that can be used to produce functionally graded
material directly from the three dimensional (3D) computer aided design (CAD) model
of the part in one single process. LMD process is a fairly new manufacturing
process and a highly non-linear process. The process parameters are of great
importance in LMD process and they need to be optimized for the required
application. In this study, functionally graded titanium alloy composite was
produced using optimized process parameters for each material combination as
obtained through a model that was developed in an initial study and the FGM was
characterized through metallurgical, mechanical and tribological studies. The
results show that the produced FGM has improved properties when compared to those
produced at constant processing parameters for all material combinations. (C) 2015
C1 [Mahamood, R. M.; Akinlabi, E. T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, ZA-
2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
FU Rental Pool Programme of National Laser Centre, Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research (CSIR-NLC), Pretoria, South Africa [LREIB00]
FX This work is supported by the Rental Pool Programme of National Laser
Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NLC
Reference: LREIB00), Pretoria, South Africa. The Department of Chemical
and Metallurgical Engineering is appreciated for the facilities used at
the materials lab.
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X
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Riza SH, 2014, MATER DESIGN, V64, P650, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.08.026
1
Shah K., 2011, THESIS U MANCHESTER
Shah K., 2004, MATER DESIGN, V54, P531
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NR 36
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 7
U2 104
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV 4
PY 2015
VL 84
BP 402
EP 410
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.135
PG 9
GA CR2HI
UT WOS:000361147600036
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Han, YF
Lu, WJ
Jarvis, T
Shurvinton, J
Wu, XH
AF Han, Yuanfei
Lu, Weijie
Jarvis, Tom
Shurvinton, John
Wu, Xinhua
TI Investigation on the Microstructure of Direct Laser Additive
Manufactured Ti6Al4V Alloy
SO MATERIALS RESEARCH-IBERO-AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE direct laser fabrication; Ti6Al4V alloy; columnar grain; equiaxed grain;
ID TITANIUM-ALLOY; FABRICATION; DEPOSITION; COMPONENTS
AB Direct laser fabrication (DLF) is one of the advanced near-net shape processing
technologies. The variations of laser parameters can change the energy distribution
within a laser scan, and thus affect the cooling rate, and resulting microstructure
of deposited material. In this study, the effect of the laser parameters on the
microstructure of additive laser fabricated Ti6Al4V alloy was investigated. It was
found that huge columnar grains formed during laser fabrication of Ti6Al4V alloy
for a wide range of processing conditions, and the laser power, scanning speed and
duration time were had a significant effect on the refinement of the prior grains.
Gradient morphologies were obtained from a complex thermal history.
C1 [Han, Yuanfei; Lu, Weijie] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met Matrix
Composite, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
[Han, Yuanfei; Jarvis, Tom; Shurvinton, John; Wu, Xinhua] Monash Univ, ARC Ctr
Excellence Design Light Met, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
RP Han, YF (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Met Matrix
Composite, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China.
EM hyufl@hotmail.com
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [51371114, 51501112]; 973
Program [2012CB619600]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
[2014M550235, 2015T80431]; Shanghai Postdoctoral Sustentation Fund
[14R21410900]; National Engineering and Research Center for Commercial
Aircraft Manufacturing [SAMC14-JS-15-047]
FX We would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the
National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51371114 and
51501112), the 973 Program under Grant No. 2012CB619600, the China
Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2014M550235 and 2015T80431),
the Shanghai Postdoctoral Sustentation Fund (Grant No. 14R21410900) and
the fund of National Engineering and Research Center for Commercial
Aircraft Manufacturing (Grant No. SAMC14-JS-15-047).
Hua T, 2009, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V38, P574
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.11.051
Rometsch PA, 2014, SCRIPTA MATER, V87, P13, DOI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.05.021
Taminger KMB, 2006, AVT 139 SPEC M 2006
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.05.024
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 37
PU UNIV FED SAO CARLOS, DEPT ENGENHARIA MATERIALS
PI SAO CARLOS
PA LABORATORIA DE MATERIAIS VITREOS, CAIXA POSTAL 676, SAO CARLOS,
13565-905SP, BRAZIL
SN 1516-1439
EI 1980-5373
J9 MATER RES-IBERO-AM J
JI Mater. Res.-Ibero-am. J. Mater.
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 18
SU 1
BP 24
EP 28
DI 10.1590/1516-1439.322214
PG 5
GA DA0MG
UT WOS:000367490600005
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ge, WJ
Guo, C
Lin, F
AF Ge Wenjun
Guo Chao
Lin Feng
TI Microstructures of Components Synthesized via Electron Beam Selective
Melting Using Blended Pre-Alloyed Powders of Ti6Al4V and Ti45Al7Nb
LA English
DT Article
DE electron beam; additive manufacturing; titanium alloys; microstructures
AB The Ti-based components were synthesized via electron beam selective melting
(EBSM) using blended pre-alloyed powders of Ti6Al4V and Ti45Al7Nb with a mass ratio
of about 1:1. The microstructures and the chemical compositions of EBSM component
samples were investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electronic
microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
The results indicate that an increase of energy density leads to a decrease of
fusion defects and an increase of density of the samples. The macro-structure
consists of two regions, the martensite phase region and alpha(2)+beta phase
region. The martensite phase is formed due to the rapid solidification, while the
reheating cycles have a remarkable effect on the formation of alpha(2)+beta phase.
The micro-hardness of martensite region is significantly higher than that of
alpha(2)+beta phase region. Due to the discontinuous distribution of thick platelet
alpha(2) phase along grain boundaries and the high coordinating deformation
capability of equiaxial alpha(2) phase, the samples have a tensile strength up to
1214.3 MPa, and a large elongation of 18%.
C1 [Ge Wenjun; Guo Chao; Lin Feng] Biomfg & Rapid Prototyping Technol Key Lab
Beijin, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Ge Wenjun; Guo Chao; Lin Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, F (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples
R China.
EM gewj11@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn; linfeng@tsinghua.edu.cn
FU Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project [D13110400300000]
FX Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project (D13110400300000)
CR Cormier Denis, 2007, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V34, P1
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Xu Rui, 1994, ACTA METALLURGICA SI, V30, pA547
Lin Zan, 2007, RARE METAL MAT ENG, V36, P613
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 11
PI SHAANXI
SN 1002-185X
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 44
IS 11
BP 2623
EP 2627
PG 5
Engineering
GA CX6RV
UT WOS:000365830000005
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Morton, PA
Mireles, J
Mendoza, H
Cordero, PM
Benedict, M
Wicker, RB
AF Morton, Philip A.
Mireles, Jorge
Mendoza, Heimdall
Cordero, Paola M.
Benedict, Mark
Wicker, Ryan B.
TI Enhancement of Low-Cycle Fatigue Performance From Tailored
Microstructures Enabled by Electron Beam Melting Additive Manufacturing
Technology
SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; CRACK GROWTH; TI-6AL-4V
AB Electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has allowed
the layerwise fabrication of parts from metal powder precursor materials that are
selectively melted using an electron beam. An advantage of EBM technology over
conventional manufacturing processes has been the capability to change processing
variables (e.g., beam current, beam speed, and beam focus) throughout part
fabrication, enabling the processing of a wide variety of materials. In this
research, additional scans were implemented in an attempt to promote grain
coarsening through the added thermal energy. It is hypothesized that the additional
energy caused coarsening of Ti-6Al-4V microstructure that has been shown to
increase mechanical properties of as-fabricated parts as well as improve surface
characteristics (e.g., reduced porosity). Fatigue testing was performed on an L-
bracket using a loading configuration designed to cause failure at the corner
(i.e., intersection of the two members) of the bracket. Results showed 22% fatigue
life improvement from L-brackets with as-fabricated conditions to L-brackets with a
graded microstructure resulting from the selective addition of thermal energy in
the expected failure region. Three L-brackets were fabricated and exposed to a
triple melt cycle (compared to the standard single melt cycle) during fabrication,
machined to specific dimensions, and tested. Results for fatigue performance were
within similar to 1% of wrought L-brackets. The work from this research shows that
new design procedures can be implemented for AM technologies that involve
evaluation of stress concentration sites using finite element analysis and
implementation of scanning strategies during fabrication that help improve
performance by spatially adjusting thermal energy at potential failure sites or
high stress regions.
C1 [Morton, Philip A.; Mireles, Jorge; Mendoza, Heimdall; Cordero, Paola M.;
Wicker, Ryan B.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Mech Engn, WM Keck Ctr Innovat 3D, El
Paso, TX 79968 USA.
[Benedict, Mark] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP Mireles, J (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Mech Engn, WM Keck Ctr
Innovat 3D, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
OI Mireles, Jorge/0000-0002-7014-9957
FU State of Texas Emerging Technology Fund; Air Force Research Laboratory's
Materials and Manufacturing Directorate; Mr. and Mrs. MacIntosh
Murchison Chair I in Engineering Endowment
FX The research presented here was performed at The University of Texas at
El Paso (UTEP) within the W.M. Keck Center for 3D Innovation (Keck
Center), expanding recently to over 13,000 sq. ft. and providing access
to state-of-the-art facilities and equipment as a result of funding,
most recently, from the State of Texas Emerging Technology Fund. The
authors are grateful to Alejandro Hinojos, Diego Mejorado, and Christina
Pickett of the Keck Center for their assistance on various aspects of
the project. Support was provided, in part, by General Dynamics
Information Technology (GDIT) through a grant from the Air Force
Research Laboratory's Materials and Manufacturing Directorate as well as
the Mr. and Mrs. MacIntosh Murchison Chair I in Engineering Endowment.
Approved for Public Disclosure Case Number: 88ABW-2015-0419.
CR Bantounas I, 2007, ACTA MATER, V55, P5655, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.06.034
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NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 73
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
SN 1050-0472
J9 J MECH DESIGN
JI J. Mech. Des.
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 137
IS 11
SI SI
AR 111412
DI 10.1115/1.4031057
PG 4
SC Engineering
GA CU9LI
UT WOS:000363865600013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Khademzadeh, S
Parvin, N
Bariani, PF
Mazzucato, F
AF Khademzadeh, Saeed
Parvin, Nader
Bariani, Paolo F.
Mazzucato, Federico
TI Effects of micro laser sintering process parameters on quality of
nickel-titanium single tracks and thin walls
SO METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE powder processing; shape memory alloys; sintering; mechanical alloying;
scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SHAPE-MEMORY; POROUS NITI; POWDER; SCAFFOLDS;
BEHAVIOR
AB Micro laser sintering is a promising additive manufacturing process for
production of parts with micro features and complicated geometries. Micro laser
sintering of mechanically alloyed NiTi was performed in the present work. The
effects of powder and laser defocusing distances and also process parameters on the
surface quality of single tracks and thin walls were investigated by scanning
electron microscopy and optical profilometry. A modified model was described in
this research to calculate the height of thin walls produced by micro laser
sintering. The experimental results showed that a high melting efficiency can be
obtained when the focal point of the laser is situated 200 A mu m above the working
plane of the specimen. Optical profilometry revealed a good agreement between the
proposed model for thin wall's height estimation and experimental results.
C1 [Khademzadeh, Saeed; Parvin, Nader] Amirkabir Univ Technol, Min & Met Engn Dept,
Tehran Polytech, Tehran, Iran.
[Bariani, Paolo F.; Mazzucato, Federico] Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Lab Precis &
Micromfg Te Si, Padua, Italy.
RP Parvin, N (reprint author), Amirkabir Univ Technol, Min & Met Engn Dept, Tehran
Polytech, POB 158754413, Tehran, Iran.
EM nparvin@aut.ac.ir
CR Bansiddhi A, 2008, ACTA BIOMATER, V4, P773, DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.02.009
10.1016/j.msea.2012.09.031
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NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 23
PU KOREAN INST METALS MATERIALS
PI SEOUL
PA KIM BLDG 6TH FLOOR, SEOCHO-DAERO 56 GIL 38, SEOCHO-GU, SEOUL 137-881,
SOUTH KOREA
SN 1598-9623
EI 2005-4149
J9 MET MATER INT
JI Met. Mater.-Int.
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 21
IS 6
BP 1081
EP 1090
DI 10.1007/s12540-015-5304-y
PG 10
Engineering
GA CU9FY
UT WOS:000363851100015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yan, CZ
Hao, L
Hussein, A
Young, P
AF Yan, Chunze
Hao, Liang
Hussein, Ahmed
Young, Philippe
TI Ti-6Al-4V triply periodic minimal surface structures for bone implants
fabricated via selective laser melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Titanium alloys; Triply
periodic minimal surface; Porous materials
ID TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM IMPLANTS;
POROUS STRUCTURES; TI6AL4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; INGROWTH; METAL; ATTACHMENT;
BEHAVIOR
AB Triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures have already been shown to be
a versatile source of biomorphic scaffold designs. Therefore, in this work, Ti-6Al-
4V Gyroid and Diamond TPMS lattices having an interconnected high porosity of 80-
95% and pore sizes in the range of 560-1600 mu m and 480-1450 mu m respectively
were manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) for bone implants. The
manufacturability, microstructure and mechanical properties of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS
lattices were evaluated. Comparison between 3D micro-CT reconstructed models and
original CAD models of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices shows excellent reproduction of
the designs. The as-built Ti-6Al-4V struts exhibit the microstructure of columnar
grains filled with very fine and orthogonally oriented alpha' martensitic laths
with the width of 100-300 nm and have the microhardness of 4.01 +/- 0.34 GPa. After
heat treatment at 680 degrees C for 4 h, the alpha' martensite was converted to a
mixture of alpha and beta, in which the alpha phase being the dominant fraction is
present as fine laths with the width of 500-800 nm and separated by a small amount
of narrow, interphase regions of dark beta phase. Also, the microhardness is
decreased to 3.71 +/- 0.35 GPa due to the coarsening of the microstructure. The 80-
95% porosity TPMS lattices exhibit a comparable porosity with trabecular bone, and
the modulus is in the range of 0.12-1.25 GPa and thus can be adjusted to the
modulus of trabecular bone. At the same range of porosity of 5-10%, the moduli of
cortical bone and of the Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices are in a similar range. Therefore,
the modulus and porosity of Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be tailored to the levels
of human bones and thus reduce or avoid "stress shielding" and increase longevity
of implants. Due to the biomorphic designs, and high interconnected porosity and
stiffness comparable to human bones, SLM-made Ti-6Al-4V TPMS lattices can be a
promising material for load bearing bone implants. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Yan, Chunze] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc & Die & Mould
Technol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Chunze; Hao, Liang; Hussein, Ahmed; Young, Philippe] Univ Exeter, Coll
Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4 4QF, Devon, England.
RP Yan, CZ (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Coll Engn Math & Phys Sci, Exeter EX4
4QF, Devon, England.
EM c.yan@exeter.ac.uk; l.hao@exeter.ac.uk
OI Hao, Liang/0000-0003-2071-7044
FU UK Technology Strategy Board (TSB) [TP14/BA036D]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [51375188, 51375189]; Guangdong Innovative
and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program [2013C071]
FX This work is supported by the UK Technology Strategy Board (TSB) funded
project(TP14/BA036D) entitled "SAVING - Sustainable product development
via design optimisation and Additive manufacturing", National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 51375188 and 51375189) and the
Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (No.
2013C071). The authors would like to thank Dr. Simon Lawrence Bubb in 3T
RPD Ltd. for manufacturing the samples and Dr. Hong Chang, Dr. Yat-Tarng
Shyng and Dr. Wear Lesley in University of Exeter for the assistance
with the measurements of optical microscope, SEM, TEM and mechanical
properties.
5093(97)00802-2
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TC 34
Z9 34
U1 21
U2 118
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1751-6161
EI 1878-0180
PD NOV
PY 2015
VL 51
BP 61
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.06.024
PG 13
GA CT2AH
UT WOS:000362603900006
PM 26210549
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Amendola, A
Hernandez-Nava, E
Goodall, R
Todd, I
Skelton, RE
Fraternali, F
AF Amendola, A.
Hernandez-Nava, E.
Goodall, R.
Todd, I.
Skelton, R. E.
Fraternali, F.
TI On the additive manufacturing, post-tensioning and testing of
bi-material tensegrity structures
LA English
DT Article
DE Tensegrity structures; Additive manufacturing; Electron Beam Melting;
Post-tensioning; Geometrically nonlinear behavior; Elastic stiffening
ID LATTICES; PRISMS
AB An investigation on the additive manufacturing and the experimental testing of
3D models of tensegrity prisms and columns is presented. An Electron Beam Melting
facility (Arcam EBM S12) is employed to 3D print structures composed of tensegrity
prisms endowed with rigid bases and temporary supports, which are made out of the
titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. The temporary supports are removed after the additive
manufacturing phase, when Spectra cross-strings are added to the 3D printed models,
and a suitable state of internal prestress is applied to the structure. The
experimental part of the study shows that the examined structures feature
stiffening-type elastic response under large or moderately large axial strains
induced by compressive loading. Such a geometrically nonlinear behavior confirms
previous theoretical results available in the literature, and paves the way to the
use of tensegrity prisms and columns as innovative mechanical metamaterials and
smart devices. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Amendola, A.; Fraternali, F.] Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, I-84084 Fisciano,
SA, Italy.
[Hernandez-Nava, E.; Goodall, R.; Todd, I.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Mat Sci & Engn,
Sheffield S1 3JD, S Yorkshire, England.
[Skelton, R. E.] Univ Calif San Diego, MAE Aero, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Fraternali, F (reprint author), Univ Salerno, Dept Civil Engn, I-84084 Fisciano,
SA, Italy.
EM adaamendola1@unisa.it; mtq10eh@sheffield.ac.uk;
r.goodall@sheffield.ac.uk; i.todd@sheffield.ac.uk; bobskelton@ucsd.edu;
f.fraternali@unisa.it
RI Fraternali, Fernando/A-4237-2018; Amendola, Ada/H-6561-2017
OI Fraternali, Fernando/0000-0002-7549-6405; Amendola,
Ada/0000-0002-2562-881X; Todd, Iain/0000-0003-0217-1658; Hernandez-Nava,
Everth/0000-0002-6414-3313
FU Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs [00173/2014]; Italy-USA Scientific
and Technological Cooperation ('Lavoro realizzato con il contributo del
Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Direzione Generale per la Promozione del
Sistema Paese')
FX Support for this work was received from the Italian Ministry of Foreign
Affairs, Grant No. 00173/2014, Italy-USA Scientific and Technological
Cooperation 2014-2015 ('Lavoro realizzato con il contributo del
Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Direzione Generale per la Promozione del
Sistema Paese').
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10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.06.022
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NR 23
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 16
U2 115
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-8223
EI 1879-1085
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD NOV 1
PY 2015
VL 131
BP 66
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.04.038
PG 6
GA CP5YA
UT WOS:000359960300007
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lindahl, C
Xia, W
Engqvista, H
Snis, A
Lausmaa, J
Palmquist, A
AF Lindahl, Carl
Xia, Wei
Engqvista, Hakan
Snis, Anders
Lausmaa, Jukka
Palmquist, Anders
TI Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating of additively manufactured porous
CoCr implants
SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CoCr implant; Hydroxyapatite; Biomimetic coating; Surface analysis;
Electron beam melting
ID TITANIUM IMPLANTS; IN-VITRO; HYDROXYAPATITE; ALLOYS; BONE; DEPOSITION;
SURFACES; BEHAVIOR; APATITE; VIVO
AB The aim of this work was to study the feasibility to use a biomimetic method to
prepare biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on CoCr substrates with short
soaking times and to characterize the properties of such coatings. A second
objective was to investigate if the coatings could be applied to porous CoCr
implants manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM). The coating was prepared by
immersing the pretreated CoCr substrates and EBM implants into the phosphate-
buffered solution with Ca2+ in sealed plastic bottles, kept at 60 degrees C for 3
days. The formed coating was partially crystalline, slightly calcium deficient and
composed of plate-like crystallites forming roundish flowers in the size range of
300-500 nm. Cross-section imaging showed a thickness of 300-500 nm. In addition,
dissolution tests in Tris-HCl up to 28 days showed that a substantial amount of the
coating had dissolved, however, undergoing only minor morphological changes. A
uniform coating was formed within the porous network of the additive manufactured
implants having similar thickness and morphology as for the flat samples. In
conclusion, the present coating procedure allows coatings to be formed on CoCr and
could be used for complex shaped, porous implants made by additive manufacturing.
C1 [Lindahl, Carl; Xia, Wei; Engqvista, Hakan; Snis, Anders; Lausmaa, Jukka;
Palmquist, Anders] BIOMATCELL Vinn Excellence Ctr Biomat & Cell Ther, Gothenburg,
Sweden.
[Lindahl, Carl; Xia, Wei; Engqvista, Hakan] Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Dept
Engn Sci, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Snis, Anders] Arcam AB, SE-43137 Molndal, Sweden.
[Lausmaa, Jukka] SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, Dept Chem Mat & Surfaces, Boras,
Sweden.
[Palmquist, Anders] Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Biomat, Gothenburg,
Sweden.
RP Xia, W (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Dept Engn Sci, Uppsala,
Sweden.
EM wei.xia@angstrom.uu.se
RI Palmquist, Anders/D-2171-2014
FU BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of Biomaterials and Cell Therapy;
Region Vastra Gotaland; IngaBritt and Arne Lundberg Foundation;
Adlerbertska Foundation; Hjalmar Svensson Foundation; Sahlgrenska
University Hospital; Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg
FX This study was supported by the BIOMATCELL VINN Excellence Center of
Biomaterials and Cell Therapy, the Region Vastra Gotaland, the IngaBritt
and Arne Lundberg Foundation, Adlerbertska Foundation, Hjalmar Svensson
Foundation and a grant from Sahlgrenska University Hospital, The
Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg. The grant providers were
not involved in the study design, data acquisition, interpretation,
writing and submission of the article. Emma Fransson at SP Technical
Research Institute of Sweden is gratefully acknowledged for performing
ICP-OES analysis. Andreas Mattson at the department of Engineering
Sciences, Solid State Physics, Uppsala University for his help with
ATR-FTIR analysis.
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NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 30
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0169-4332
EI 1873-5584
J9 APPL SURF SCI
JI Appl. Surf. Sci.
PD OCT 30
PY 2015
VL 353
BP 40
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.06.056
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
GA CR3GW
UT WOS:000361220700006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tan, XP
Kok, YH
Tan, YJ
Vastola, G
Pei, QX
Zhang, G
Zhang, YW
Tor, SB
Leong, KF
Chua, CK
AF Tan, Xipeng
Kok, Yihong
Tan, Yu Jun
Vastola, Guglielmo
Pei, Qing Xiang
Zhang, Gang
Zhang, Yong-Wei
Tor, Shu Beng
Leong, Kah Fai
Chua, Chee Kai
TI An experimental and simulation study on build thickness dependent
microstructure for electron beam melted Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Titanium alloys;
Martensitic transformations; Finite element simulations
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TEMPERATURE; MARTENSITE; EVOLUTION; TEXTURE;
ALLOYS; PHASE
AB Build thickness dependent microstructure of electron beam melted (EBM (R)) Ti-
6Al-4V has been investigated from both experiment and simulation using four block
samples with thicknesses of 1, 5, 10 and 20 mm. We observe a mixed microstructure
of alternate alpha/beta with some alpha' martensite inside the 1 mm-thick sample.
By contrast, only the alternate a/b microstructure with both colony and basket-
weave morphologies occurs inside the 5 mm-, 10 mm-and 20 mm-thick samples. It is
found that beta spacing is constantly increased with the build thickness, leading
to an obvious decrease in microhardness. Finite element method (FEM) simulations
show that cooling rates and thermal profiles during EBM process are favorable for
the formation of martensite. Moreover, full-scale FEM simulations reveal that the
average temperature inside the samples is higher as the build thickness increases.
It suggests that martensitic decomposition is faster in thicker samples, which is
in good agreement with the experimental observations. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All
rights reserved.
C1 [Tan, Xipeng; Kok, Yihong; Tan, Yu Jun; Tor, Shu Beng; Leong, Kah Fai; Chua,
Chee Kai] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D,
[Vastola, Guglielmo; Pei, Qing Xiang; Zhang, Gang; Zhang, Yong-Wei] ASTAR, Inst
High Performance Comp, Singapore 138632, Singapore.
RP Tan, XP (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
EM xptan1985@gmail.com; vastolag@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
RI Vastola, Guglielmo/T-5050-2017; Zhang, Gang/B-2841-2013; Zhang,
Yong-Wei/D-5191-2012; Tan, Xipeng/K-2247-2012
OI Zhang, Yong-Wei/0000-0001-7255-1678; Tan, Xipeng/0000-0003-3392-8254;
Pei, Qing-Xiang/0000-0001-8711-2854; Tan, Yu Jun/0000-0002-3828-9490
FU A*STAR industrial additive manufacturing program: work package 3 ( [132
550 4103]; Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB)
FX The authors are grateful for financial support provided by A*STAR
industrial additive manufacturing program: work package 3 (grant no. 132
550 4103) and the fruitful discussion with Dr. Nai Mui Ling Sharon, Dr.
Wang Pan and Dr. Raghavan Srinivasan. The authors acknowledge the use of
resources in NTU Additive Manufacturing Centre supported by Singapore
Economic Development Board (EDB).
5093(97)00802-2
0397-x
Armstrong RW, 2014, ACTA MECH, V225, P1013, DOI 10.1007/s00707-013-1048-2
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Vastola G., 2015, ADDIT MANUF IN PRESS, V7, P57, DOI DOI
10.1016/J.ADDMA.2014.12.004
NR 24
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 5
U2 68
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD OCT 15
PY 2015
VL 646
BP 303
EP 309
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.178
PG 7
GA CR2IZ
UT WOS:000361153700045
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Jia, ZJ
Li, M
Xiu, P
Xu, XC
Cheng, Y
Zheng, YF
Xi, TF
Wei, SC
Liu, ZJ
AF Jia, Zhaojun
Li, Ming
Xiu, Peng
Xu, Xuchen
Cheng, Yan
Zheng, Yufeng
Xi, Tingfei
Wei, Shicheng
Liu, Zhongjun
TI A novel cytocompatible, hierarchical porous Ti6Al4V scaffold with
immobilized silver nanoparticles
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron beam melting (EBM); Micro-arc oxidization (MAO); Poly(dopamine)
(PD); Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)
ID MICRO-ARC OXIDATION; IMPLANTS; STRESS
AB Owing to their mechanical properties and bioinertness titanium alloys remain the
preferred load-bearing implant material in orthopedics. However, unsatisfactory
osteointegration and risks of infection are the two major problems. Herein, Ti6Al4V
prostheses with 3D hierarchical (macro/micro-nano) porosity were constructed by
combining the state-of-art electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing (AM)
process with a traditional micro-arc oxidization (MAO) technique for enhanced
integration with bone tissues, and as a measure to improve their antimicrobial
properties, releasable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were homogeneously immobilized
on the multi-scaled porous surfaces via a mussel-inspired strategy. The
cytocompatibility of the engineered scaffolds (EBM-MAO/Ag) outperformed the
untreated, due to synergistic benefits from micro/nano-porous topography and
adhesive chemical composition. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jia, Zhaojun; Li, Ming; Xu, Xuchen; Cheng, Yan; Zheng, Yufeng; Xi, Tingfei;
Wei, Shicheng] Peking Univ, Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies, Ctr Biomed Mat &
Tissue Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Xiu, Peng; Liu, Zhongjun] Peking Univ, Dept Orthoped, Hosp 3, Beijing 100191,
Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Yufeng] Peking Univ, Dept Adv Mat & Nanotechnol, Coll Engn, Beijing
[Wei, Shicheng] Peking Univ, Sch & Hosp Stomatol, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial
Surg, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Cheng, Y (reprint author), Peking Univ, Acad Adv Interdisciplinary Studies, Ctr
Biomed Mat & Tissue Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM chengyan@pku.edu.cn
RI Zheng, Yufeng/A-4146-2010
OI Zheng, Yufeng/0000-0002-7402-9979
FU Grants of the Project of Scientific and Technical Plan of Beijing
[Z141100002814008]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[31370954]; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Open Research Fund of
China (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory); National Basic Research Program
(973) of China [2012CB619102]
FX This work was supported by Grants of the Project of Scientific and
Technical Plan of Beijing (No. Z141100002814008), National Natural
Science Foundation of China (No. 31370954), State Key Laboratory of
Bioelectronics Open Research Fund of China (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory),
and National Basic Research Program (973) of China (2012CB619102). The
authors would also acknowledge Beijing AKEC Medical Co. Ltd. for its
efforts in EBM fabrication.
CR Bose S, 2013, MATER TODAY, V16, P496, DOI 10.1016/j.mattod.2013.11.017
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NR 18
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 13
U2 83
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 0167-577X
EI 1873-4979
J9 MATER LETT
JI Mater. Lett.
PD OCT 15
PY 2015
VL 157
BP 143
EP 146
DI 10.1016/j.matlet.2015.05.084
PG 4
GA CO2GF
UT WOS:000358973500037
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hagqvist, P
Heralic, A
Christiansson, AK
Lennartson, B
AF Hagqvist, Petter
Heralic, Almir
Christiansson, Anna-Karin
Lennartson, Bengt
TI Resistance based iterative learning control of additive manufacturing
with wire
SO MECHATRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Metal deposition; Automatic control; Resistance;
Process measurement; Iterative learning control
ID DEPOSITION; LASER
AB This paper presents successful feed forward control of additive manufacturing of
fully dense metallic components. The study is a refinement of former control
solutions of the process, providing more robust and industrially acceptable
measurement techniques. The system uses a solid state laser that melts metal wire,
which in turn is deposited and solidified to build the desired solid feature on a
substrate. The process is inherently subjected to disturbances that might hinder
consecutive layers to be deposited appropriately. The control action is a modified
wire feed rate depending on the surface of the deposited former layer, in this case
measured as a resistance. The resistance of the wire stick-out and the weld pool
has shown to give an accurate measure of the process stability, and a solution is
proposed on how to measure it. By controlling the wire feed rate based on the
resistance measure, the next layer surface can be made more even. A second order
iterative learning control algorithm is used for determining the wire feed rate,
and the solution is implemented and validated in an industrial setting for building
a single bead wall in titanium alloy. A comparison is made between a controlled and
an uncontrolled situation when a relevant disturbance is introduced throughout all
layers. The controller proves to successfully mitigate these disturbances and
maintain stable deposition while the uncontrolled deposition fails. (C) 2015
C1 [Hagqvist, Petter; Christiansson, Anna-Karin; Lennartson, Bengt] Univ West, Dept
Engn Sci, SE-46186 Trollhattan, Sweden.
[Heralic, Almir] GKN Aerosp Engine Syst, SE-46181 Trollhattan, Sweden.
[Lennartson, Bengt] Chalmers, Dept Signals & Syst, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Hagqvist, P (reprint author), Univ West, Dept Engn Sci, SE-46186 Trollhattan,
Sweden.
EM petter.hagqvist@hv.se
FU European Community's Seventh framework Programme FP7 [266271]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions from Kjell Hurtig,
Hans Dahlin and Fredrik Sikstrom at University West. The research
leading to these results has received funding from the European
Community's Seventh framework Programme FP7 2007-2013 under grant
agreement 266271 - Merlin Project.
CR Almeida PS, 2010, P 21 ANN INT SOL FRE
ARIMOTO S, 1984, J ROBOTIC SYST, V1, P123, DOI 10.1002/rob.4620010203
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Heralie A, 2009, OPT LASER ENG, V48, P478
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Sammons PM, 2013, J MANUF SCI E-T ASME, V135, DOI 10.1115/1.4025061
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NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PI OXFORD
SN 0957-4158
J9 MECHATRONICS
JI Mechatronics
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 31
BP 116
EP 123
DI 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2015.03.008
PG 8
WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence;
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering
GA DA4LS
UT WOS:000367772000013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Terner, M
Biamino, S
Baudana, G
Penna, A
Fino, P
Pavese, M
Ugues, D
Badini, C
AF Terner, M.
Biamino, S.
Baudana, G.
Penna, A.
Fino, P.
Pavese, M.
Ugues, D.
Badini, C.
TI Initial Oxidation Behavior in Air of TiAl-2Nb and TiAl-8Nb Alloys
Produced by Electron Beam Melting
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; aero-engine components; intermetallics;
oxidation; thermal analysis; x-ray analysis
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS; ISOTHERMAL OXIDATION; HIGH
NIOBIUM; HIGH NB; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE; SCALE
AB Titanium aluminide alloys are good candidates for structural applications thanks
to their low density and good balance of properties up to relatively high
temperatures. However, their application is still limited by significant oxidation.
Four gamma-TiAl alloys with different content of aluminum and niobium were produced
by electron beam melting: Ti-45Al-2Cr-2Nb, Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb, Ti-45Al-2Cr-8Nb, and
Ti-46Al-2Cr-8Nb. The behavior of these alloys in response to oxidation in air
during constant heating up to 1000 A degrees C and isothermal oxidation for 10 h at
850 and 950 A degrees C were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The mass gain
due to oxidation of the low Nb-containing alloys was always at least twice that of
the high Nb-containing alloys. Both low and high Nb-containing alloys exhibited on
their surface oxidation products of the same nature: oxides TiO2 and Al2O3, and
nitrides TiN and Ti2AlN. Niobium addition up to 8 at.% did not suppress the growth
of rutile and promote the formation of a protective alumina layer. However, it
efficiently reduced the formation of rutile, mainly responsible for the mass gain
due to oxidation of gamma-TiAl alloys and with tendency to spallation.
C1 [Terner, M.; Biamino, S.; Baudana, G.; Fino, P.; Pavese, M.; Ugues, D.; Badini,
C.] Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
[Terner, M.] Changwon Natl Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Changwon Si 641773,
Gyeongsangnam D, South Korea.
[Penna, A.] Avio SpA, I-10040 Turin, Italy.
RP Terner, M (reprint author), Politecn Torino, Dept Appl Sci & Technol, Corso Duca
Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
EM mathieu@changwon.ac.kr
OI Badini, Claudio/0000-0003-1064-2042; Biamino, Sara/0000-0003-1840-7717;
Fino, Paolo/0000-0002-7248-8039
CR BECKER S, 1992, OXID MET, V38, P425, DOI 10.1007/BF00665663
Chen GL, 2007, INTERMETALLICS, V15, P625, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet2006.10.003
CHEN GL, 1992, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V153, P597, DOI 10.1016/0921-5093(92)90257-
2
6
Haanappel VAC, 1998, SURF COAT TECH, V105, P147, DOI 10.1016/S0257-
8972(98)00472-1
Kim SW, 2014, MATER DESIGN, V54, P814, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.08.083
Lin JP, 2011, INTERMETALLICS, V19, P131, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.08.029
Mitoraj M, 2011, INTERMETALLICS, V19, P39, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.09.006
Pilone D, 2012, INTERMETALLICS, V26, P36, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2012.03.008
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Terner M., 2013, P EURO PM, V2, P55
Tetsui T, 2002, INTERMETALLICS, V10, P239, DOI 10.1016/S0966-9795(01)00121-2
YOSHIHARA M, 1995, INTERMETALLICS, V3, P357, DOI 10.1016/0966-9795(95)94254-C
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1059-9495
EI 1544-1024
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 24
IS 10
BP 3982
EP 3988
DI 10.1007/s11665-015-1663-2
PG 7
GA CS7VV
UT WOS:000362296000033
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Riemer, A
Richard, HA
Bruggemann, JP
Wesendahl, JN
AF Riemer, A.
Richard, H. A.
Brueggemann, J. -P.
Wesendahl, J. -N.
CA DMRC
TI Fatigue crack growth in additive manufactured products
SO FRATTURA ED INTEGRITA STRUTTURALE
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective Laser Melting; Fatigue crack growth; Threshold value;
Lightweight structure; Residual lifetime
AB Additive Manufacturing ( AM) is a new innovative technique that allows the
direct fabrication of complex, individual, delicate and high-strength products,
based on their 3D data. Selective Laser Melting ( SLM) is one of the AM processes
that generates metallic components layer by layer using powder-bed technique. The
irradiation and consequent melting of metallic powder is realised by the laser
source. Employing SLM, especially complex and individual products, such as implants
or aerospace parts, are well suited for economic production in small batches.
The first important issue in this work was to analyse the fatigue crack growth (
FCG) in titanium alloy Ti-6-4 and stainless steel 316L processed by SLM. As a first
step, stress intensity range decreasing tests were performed on SLM samples in
their "as-built" condition. The next step was to adopt measures for optimisation of
fatigue crack growth performance of SLM parts. For this purpose various heat
treatments such as stress relief annealing and hot isostatic pressing ( HIP) were
applied to the CT specimens. Finally, the strong impact of heat treatment on the
residual lifetime was demonstrated by numerical fatigue crack growth simulations.
For this purpose, the hip joint implant consisting of Ti-6-4 and processed by SLM
was taken into account.
It was found that residual stresses have a strong influence on the crack growth
in Ti-6-4, while the influence of the micro-pores on the threshold values remains
low. In contrast the results for 316L show that its fracture-mechanical behaviour
is not affected by residual stresses, whereas the microstructural features lead to
modification in the da/dN-Delta K-data.
The second fundamental aim of this work was to demonstrate the possibilities of
the SLM process. For that reason, the individually tailored bicycle crank was
optimised regarding its weight and local stresses and finally manufactured using
the SLM system. The iterative optimisation procedure was based on static and cyclic
loading situations as well as displacements obtained by results from numerical
analyses.
C1 [Riemer, A.; Richard, H. A.; Brueggemann, J. -P.; Wesendahl, J. -N.] Univ
Paderborn, Inst Appl Mech, Paderborn, Germany.
RP Riemer, A (reprint author), Univ Paderborn, Inst Appl Mech, Paderborn, Germany.
EM riemer@fam.upb.de
CR Gausemeier J, 2011, THINKING AHEAD FUTUR
Hillebrecht M., 1998, LEISTUNGSSPORT, V6, P58
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6955(01)00093-1
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Schollmann M, 2003, ENG FRACT MECH, V70, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0013-7944(02)00028-0
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NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 16
PU GRUPPO ITALIANO FRATTURA
PI CASSINO
PA VIA G DI BIASIO, CASSINO, 03043, ITALY
SN 1971-8993
J9 FRAT INTEGRITA STRUT
JI Frat. Integrita Strut.
PD OCT
PY 2015
IS 34
BP 437
EP 446
DI 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.34.49
PG 10
GA DZ6HE
UT WOS:000385961800049
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, P
Ramulu, M
AF Edwards, P.
Ramulu, M.
TI Effect of build direction on the fracture toughness and fatigue crack
growth in selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V
SO FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; fatigue crack growth; fracture toughness;
selective laser melting; selective laser sintering; titanium
ID MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the fracture toughness and
fatigue crack growth characteristics in selective laser-melted titanium 6Al-4V
materials as a follow-on to a previous study on high cycle fatigue. For both the
fracture toughness and crack growth evaluation, the compact tension specimen
geometry was used. It was found that the fracture toughness was lower than what
would be expected from wrought or cast product forms in the same alloy. This was
attributed to the rapidly cooled, martensitic microstructure, developed in the
parts. At low stress ratios, the crack growth rates were faster than in wrought
titanium but became comparable at higher ratios. The fracture toughness appears to
be higher when the crack is oriented perpendicular to the build layers. The
difference in the average threshold and critical stress intensity values for the
crack growth results for the three orientations was within the scatter of the data,
so there was essentially no difference. The same was true for the empirically
derived Paris Law constants. Residual stresses were likely to have overshadowed any
variation in crack growth because of microstructural directionalities associated
with build orientation.
C1 [Edwards, P.] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
[Edwards, P.; Ramulu, M.] Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Seattle, WA 98195
USA.
RP Ramulu, M (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Mech Engn, Box 352600,
Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM ramulum@u.washington.edu
FU United Kingdom's Technology Strategy Board; Boeing Company
FX The authors of this paper would like to thank Dr Richard Hague, Dr Chris
Tuck and everyone else who contributed to this work by fabricating
specimens for testing from the Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing
Research Group at the University of Nottingham as well as the United
Kingdom's Technology Strategy Board and The Boeing Company for their
support.
CR Boyer R., 1994, MAT PROPERTIES HDB T, P517
Dutta B., 2014, ADV MAT PROCESSES
10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.041
Edwards P., 2013, J MANUF SCI E-T ASME, V135
Eylon D., 1990, ASM HDB, V2, P634
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
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Wanjara P, 2005, MATER CHARACT, V54, P254, DOI 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.12.002
NR 15
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 14
U2 85
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
SN 8756-758X
EI 1460-2695
J9 FATIGUE FRACT ENG M
JI Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct.
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 38
IS 10
BP 1228
EP 1236
DI 10.1111/ffe.12303
PG 9
GA CQ7DP
UT WOS:000360763400008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZY
Liu, RW
Sparks, T
Liu, H
Liou, F
AF Wang, Zhiyuan
Liu, Renwei
Sparks, Todd
Liu, Heng
Liou, Frank
TI Stereo vision based hybrid manufacturing process for precision metal
parts
SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR
PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybrid manufacturing; Deposition process molding; Stereo vision; Laser
surface scanning
ID SYSTEM
AB This paper presents the fesearch and development of an automatic hybrid
manufacturing process which based on stereo vision and laser scanning technology to
produce fully dense metal parts with CNC level precision. High performance metals,
such as titanium alloys, nickel superalloys, tool steel, stainless steels, etc, can
benefit from this process. Coupling the additive and the subtractive processes into
a single workstation, the hybrid process, can produce metal parts with accuracy.
The surface quality of the final product is similar to the industrial milling
capability. It will certainly impact the future rapid manufacturing industry. To
achieve such a system, issues, including the modeling of the metal deposition
process, the automated path planning and accurate surface scanning of the hybrid
manufacturing process, are summarized. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Zhiyuan; Liu, Renwei; Sparks, Todd; Liu, Heng; Liou, Frank] Missouri Univ
Sci & Technol, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
RP Liou, F (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Mech & Aerosp Engn,
Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM liou@mst.edu
OI wang, zhiyuan/0000-0002-7982-6299
FU National Science Foundation [IIP-0637796, IIP-0822739, IIP-1345240];
U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory [FA8650-04-C-5704]; Missouri S&T
Intelligent Systems Center
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant
Numbers IIP-0637796, IIP-0822739, and IIP-1345240, and the grant from
the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory contract # FA8650-04-C-5704, and
Missouri S&T Intelligent Systems Center. Their support is greatly
appreciated.
CR Gao J, 2005, AIRCR ENG AEROSP TEC, V77, P34, DOI 10.1108/00022660510576028
Han L, 2004, METALL MATER TRANS B, V35, P1139, DOI 10.1007/s11663-004-0070-0
Hur JH, 2002, COMPUT AIDED DESIGN, V34, P741, DOI 10.1016/S0010-4485(01)00203-2
Ruan J., 2005, J MANUFACTURING PROC, V7, P57, DOI [10.1016/S1526-6125(05)70082-
7, DOI 10.1016/S1526-6125(05)70082-7]
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 34
PI NEW YORK
SN 0141-6359
EI 1873-2372
J9 PRECIS ENG
JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol.
PD OCT
PY 2015
VL 42
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2014.11.012
PG 5
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation
GA CO5BA
UT WOS:000359173400001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tan, XP
Kok, YH
Tan, YJ
Descoins, M
Mangelinck, D
Tor, SB
Leong, KF
Chua, CK
AF Tan, Xipeng
Kok, Yihong
Tan, Yu Jun
Descoins, Marion
Mangelinck, Dominique
Tor, Shu Beng
Leong, Kah Fai
Chua, Chee Kai
TI Graded microstructure and mechanical properties of additive manufactured
Ti-6Al-4V via electron beam melting
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D printing; Electron beam melting; Titanium alloy; Gradient;
Microstructure formation mechanism; Atom probe tomography
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL ATOM-PROBE; INTERFACE PHASE; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; SPECIMEN
PREPARATION; TENSILE-STRENGTH; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; YIELD STRENGTH;
PLASTIC-FLOW; HOT-WORKING; HARDNESS
AB Electron beam melting (EBM (R))-built Ti-6Al-4V has increasingly shown great
potential for orthopedic implant and aerospace applications in recent years. The
microstructure and mechanical properties of EBM-built Ti-6Al-4V have been
systematically investigated in this work. Its microstructure consists of columnar
prior beta grains delineated by wavy grain boundary alpha and transformed
alpha/beta structures with both cellular colony and basket-weave morphology as well
as numerous singular alpha bulges within the prior beta grains. The beta phase is
found to form as discrete flat rods embedded in continuous alpha phase and its
volume fraction is determined to be similar to 3.6%. Moreover, alpha' martensite
was not observed as it has decomposed into alpha and beta phases. In particular,
the alpha/beta interface was studied in detail combined transmission electron
microscopy with atom probe tomography. Of note is that graded Ti-6Al-4V
microstructure i.e. both prior beta grain width and beta phase interspacing
continuously increase with the build height, was observed, which mainly arises from
the decreasing cooling rate. Furthermore, an increasingly pronounced strain
hardening effect was also observed as the previously built layers undergo a longer
annealing compared to the subsequent layers. As a result, graded mechanical
properties of Ti-6Al-4V with degraded microhardness and tensile properties were
found. A good agreement with the Hall-Petch relation indicates that the graded
property takes place mainly due to the graded microstructure. In addition, this
graded microstructure and mechanical properties were discussed based on a
quantitative characterization. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier
C1 [Tan, Xipeng; Kok, Yihong; Tan, Yu Jun; Tor, Shu Beng; Leong, Kah Fai; Chua,
Chee Kai] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Singapore Ctr Printing 3D,
[Descoins, Marion; Mangelinck, Dominique] Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS, UMR 7334,
IM2NP, F-13397 Marseille 20, France.
RP Tan, XP (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn,
EM xptan1985@gmail.com; msbtor@ntu.edu.sg
RI Tan, Xipeng/K-2247-2012; Marion, Descoins/I-4893-2014
OI Tan, Xipeng/0000-0003-3392-8254; Marion, Descoins/0000-0002-2615-2155;
Tan, Yu Jun/0000-0002-3828-9490
FU French CNRS [FR3507]; CEA METSA network; Singapore Economic Development
Board (EDB); A*Star industrial additive manufacturing program: work
package 3
FX The authors are grateful for financial support provided by A*Star
industrial additive manufacturing program: work package 3 and the
fruitful discussion with Dr. Nai Mui Ling Sharon, Dr. Guglielmo Vastola,
Dr. Pei Qing Xiang and Dr. He Zeming. The authors acknowledge the use of
resources in NTU Additive Manufacturing Centre supported by Singapore
Economic Development Board (EDB). The authors acknowledge financial
support from the French CNRS (FR3507) and CEA METSA network
(www.metsafr).
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10.1108/13552540710776142
NR 54
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 20
U2 182
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD SEP 15
PY 2015
VL 97
BP 1
EP 16
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.06.036
PG 16
Engineering
GA CP4TP
UT WOS:000359875800001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kirchner, A
Kloden, B
Luft, J
Weissgarber, T
Kieback, B
AF Kirchner, A.
Kloeden, B.
Luft, J.
Weissgaerber, T.
Kieback, B.
TI Process window for electron beam melting of Ti-6Al-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective electron beam melting; Ti-6Al-4V; Process window;
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS
AB Selective electron beam melting (EBM) is a powder-bed based additive
manufacturing technique for the fabrication of dense metallic parts. As a free-form
deposition process EBM offers a high degree of freedom in design and a highly
efficient utilization of material. For a widespread industrial application the
achievable build rate is a critical factor. In this paper the process window for
Ti-6Al-4V is explored by varying beam current and scan speed in a wide range. The
EBM specimens were characterized by their density, porosity size and distribution,
chemical composition, microstructure, hardness and tensile strength. Key findings
include: (1) the minimum line energy necessary to achieve full density, (2)
parameter sets for increased build rates at full density, and (3) formation of
alpha'-martensite at high scan rates.
C1 [Kirchner, A.; Kloeden, B.; Weissgaerber, T.; Kieback, B.] Fraunhofer Inst Mfg
Technol & Adv Mat IFAM, D-01277 Dresden, Germany.
[Luft, J.; Kieback, B.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Mat Sci, D-01062 Dresden,
Germany.
RP Kirchner, A (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Mfg Technol & Adv Mat IFAM,
Winterbergstr 28, D-01277 Dresden, Germany.
EM alexander.kirchner@ifam-dd.fraunhofer.de
5093(97)00802-2
0397-x
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 21
PU MANEY PUBLISHING
PI LEEDS
PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND
SN 0032-5899
EI 1743-2901
J9 POWDER METALL
JI Powder Metall.
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 58
IS 4
BP 246
EP 249
DI 10.1179/0032589915Z.000000000244
PG 4
GA CZ2GW
UT WOS:000366924100002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
AF Mahamood, R. M.
Akinlabi, E. T.
TI Effect of processing parameter on wear resistance property of laser
material deposited titanium-alloy composite
SO JOURNAL OF OPTOELECTRONICS AND ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive Manufacturing; Design of Experiment; Full factorial design;
Laser-Metal Deposition; Microstructure; Titanium Alloy Composite; Wear
Resistance
ID SURFACE MODIFICATION; TI-6AL-4V; HARDNESS; MICROSTRUCTURE;
MICROHARDNESS; PERFORMANCE; COATINGS; TI6AL4V
AB An empirical model was developed for predicting the wear resistance behaviour of
laser metal deposited TiC/Ti6Al4V composite. The influence of the processing
parameters, laser power, scanning speed, powder flow rate and gas flow rate, on the
wear resistance property of the deposited samples were extensively studied. The
experiment was designed and analyzed using a two level full factorial Design of
Experiment using Design Expert 9 statistical software. The laser power was set
between 1.8 and 3.2 kW, the scanning speed between 0.002 and 0.006 m/s, the powder
flow rate between was set between 2 and 4 g/min and the gas flow rate was set
between 2 and 4 l/min. These setting were chosen based on the trial experiments
performed to establish process window after depositing pore free TiC/Ti6Al4V
composites. Six (6) tracks with 50% overlap percentage each were produced at
processing parameters generated from the Design Expert software. The deposition
process was produced using a 4.0 kW Nd: YAG laser. The wear test was carried out
using UMT 2CETR tribotester with ball-on-plate arrangement under dry condition.
Detailed statistical analysis was studied and the developed model was validated by
performing additional experiment at processing parameters that are different from
the ones used to develop the model. The model was found to be in good agreement
with the experimental data and the model can be used to navigate the design space
C1 [Mahamood, R. M.; Akinlabi, E. T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, ZA-
2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
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NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU NATL INST OPTOELECTRONICS
PI BUCHAREST-MAGURELE
PA 1 ATOMISTILOR ST, PO BOX MG-5, BUCHAREST-MAGURELE 76900, ROMANIA
SN 1454-4164
EI 1841-7132
J9 J OPTOELECTRON ADV M
JI J. Optoelectron. Adv. Mater.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2015
VL 17
IS 9-10
BP 1348
EP 1360
PG 13
GA CV9IH
UT WOS:000364600400020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mohammadhosseini, A
Masood, SH
Fraser, D
Jahedi, M
AF Mohammadhosseini, A.
Masood, S. H.
Fraser, D.
Jahedi, M.
TI Dynamic compressive behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V alloy processed by electron
beam melting under high strain rate loading
SO ADVANCES IN MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting (EBM); Titanium alloys;
Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB); Compressive stress; Numerical
simulation; Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
ID ADIABATIC SHEAR BANDS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
RATE DEFORMATION; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; TI6AL4V; FABRICATION;
IMPLANTS; FAILURE
AB This paper documents an investigation into the compressive deformation behaviour
of electron beam melting (EBM) processing titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) parts under
high strain loading conditions. The dynamic compression tests were carried out at a
high strain rate of over 1x10(3)/s using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB)
test system and for comparison the quasi-static tests were performed at a low
strain rate of 1x10(-3)/s using a numerically controlled hydraulic materials test
system (MTS) testing machine at an ambient temperature. Furthermore, microstructure
analysis was carried out to study the failure mechanisms on the deformed samples.
The Vickers micro-hardness values of the samples were measured before and after the
compression tests. The microstructures of the compressed samples were also
characterized using optical microscopy. The particle size distribution and chemical
composition of powder material, which might affect the mechanical properties of the
specimens, were investigated. In addition, the numerical simulation using
commercial explicit finite element software was employed to verify the experimental
results from SHPB test system.
C1 [Mohammadhosseini, A.; Masood, S. H.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn &
Technol, Dept Mech & Prod Design Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Fraser, D.; Jahedi, M.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Melbourne, Vic 3168,
Australia.
RP Masood, SH (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Fac Sci Engn & Technol,
Dept Mech & Prod Design Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3122, Australia.
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NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 2095-3127
EI 2195-3597
J9 ADV MANUF
JI Adv. Manuf.
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 3
IS 3
BP 232
EP 243
DI 10.1007/s40436-015-0119-0
PG 12
SC Engineering
GA CS3KT
UT WOS:000361973700006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Huo, JX
Derand, P
Rannar, LE
Hirsch, JM
Gamstedt, EK
AF Huo, Jinxing
Derand, Per
Rannar, Lars-Erik
Hirsch, Jan-Michael
Gamstedt, E. Kristofer
TI Failure location prediction by finite element analysis for an additive
manufactured mandible implant
SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mandible implant; Failure; Computed tomography; Homogenisation; Finite
element simulations
ID RECONSTRUCTION PLATES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRESS-ANALYSIS; BONE;
FRACTURES; FIXATION; STABILITY; MODELS
AB In order to reconstruct a patient with a bone defect in the mandible, a porous
scaffold attached to a plate, both in a titanium alloy, was designed and
manufactured using additive manufacturing. Regrettably, the implant fractured in
vivo several months after surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the
failure of the implant and show a way of predicting the mechanical properties of
the implant before surgery. All computed tomography data of the patient were
preprocessed to remove metallic artefacts with metal deletion technique before
mandible geometry reconstruction. The three-dimensional geometry of the patient's
mandible was also reconstructed, and the implant was fixed to the bone model with
screws in Mimics medical imaging software. A finite element model was established
from the assembly of the mandible and the implant to study stresses developed
during mastication. The stress distribution in the load-bearing plate was computed,
and the location of main stress concentration in the plate was determined.
Comparison between the fracture region and the location of the stress concentration
shows that finite element analysis could serve as a tool for optimizing the design
of mandible implants. (C) 2015 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Huo, Jinxing; Gamstedt, E. Kristofer] Uppsala Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Div Appl
Mech, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Derand, Per] Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, SE-22185 Lund,
Sweden.
[Rannar, Lars-Erik] Mid Sweden Univ, Dept Qual Technol & Management, Sports Tech
Res Ctr, Mech Engn & Math, SE-83125 Ostersund, Sweden.
[Hirsch, Jan-Michael] Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, S-
75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Gamstedt, EK (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Div Appl Mech, Box
534, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
EM kristofer.gamstedt@angstrom.uu.se
RI Gamstedt, Kristofer/L-3351-2014
OI Gamstedt, Kristofer/0000-0002-0034-3703
FU China Scholarship Council [2011629034]
FX China Scholarship Council (No. 2011629034) for author JH. Faculty
funding for remaining authors.
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NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1350-4533
EI 1873-4030
J9 MED ENG PHYS
JI Med. Eng. Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 37
IS 9
BP 862
EP 869
DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2015.06.001
PG 8
SC Engineering
GA CR5UE
UT WOS:000361409100005
PM 26227805
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Maskery, I
Aremu, AO
Simonelli, M
Tuck, C
Wildman, RD
Ashcroft, IA
Hague, RJM
AF Maskery, I.
Aremu, A. O.
Simonelli, M.
Tuck, C.
Wildman, R. D.
Ashcroft, I. A.
Hague, R. J. M.
TI Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Selectively Laser Melted Parts with
Body-Centred-Cubic Lattices of Varying cell size
SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Lattice; Titanium alloy; Additive manufacture;
Lightweight structures
ID FOAMS; ARCHITECTURES; DEFORMATION; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR
AB Significant weight savings in parts can be made through the use of additive
manufacture (AM), a process which enables the construction of more complex
geometries, such as functionally graded lattices, than can be achieved
conventionally. The existing framework describing the mechanical properties of
lattices places strong emphasis on one property, the relative density of the
repeating cells, but there are other properties to consider if lattices are to be
used effectively. In this work, we explore the effects of cell size and number of
cells, attempting to construct more complete models for the mechanical performance
of lattices. This was achieved by examining the modulus and ultimate tensile
strength of latticed tensile specimens with a range of unit cell sizes and fixed
relative density. Understanding how these mechanical properties depend upon the
lattice design variables is crucial for the development of design tools, such as
finite element methods, that deliver the best performance from AM latticed parts.
We observed significant reductions in modulus and strength with increasing cell
size, and these reductions cannot be explained by increasing strut porosity as has
previously been suggested. We obtained power law relationships for the mechanical
properties of the latticed specimens as a function of cell size, which are similar
in form to the existing laws for the relative density dependence. These can be used
to predict the properties of latticed column structures comprised of body-centred-
cubic (BCC) cells, and may also be adapted for other part geometries. In addition,
we propose a novel way to analyse the tensile modulus data, which considers a
relative lattice cell size rather than an absolute size. This may lead to more
general models for the mechanical properties of lattice structures, applicable to
parts of varying size.
C1 [Maskery, I.; Aremu, A. O.; Simonelli, M.; Tuck, C.; Wildman, R. D.; Ashcroft,
I. A.; Hague, R. J. M.] Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Mfg & Proc Technol Res Div,
RP Maskery, I (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Mfg & Proc Technol Res
Div, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
EM Ian.Maskery@nottingham.ac.uk; Adedeji.Aremu@nottingham.ac.uk;
Marco.Simonelli@nottingham.ac.uk; Christopher.Tuck@nottingham.ac.uk;
Ricky.Wildman@nottingham.ac.uk; Ian.Ashcroft@nottingham.ac.uk;
Richard.Hague@nottingham.ac.uk
OI Tuck, Christopher/0000-0003-0146-3851; Simonelli,
Marco/0000-0002-1124-3839; Maskery, Ian/0000-0003-1729-4837; Wildman,
Ricky/0000-0003-2329-8471
FU Innovate UK
FX We would like to thank Sean Smith, Ravi Aswathanarayanaswamy, Hossein
Sheykh-Poor and various teams at Renishaw Plc. for the provision of the
test specimens and continued support in our collaborative projects.
Thanks also to Mark East, Mark Hardy and Joe White, technicians of the
Additive Manufacture and 3D Printing Research Group at Nottingham.
Funding was provided by Innovate UK, formerly the UK Technology Strategy
Board (TSB).
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.12.004
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2012.06.002
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 12
U2 66
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 0014-4851
EI 1741-2765
J9 EXP MECH
JI Exp. Mech.
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 55
IS 7
BP 1261
EP 1272
DI 10.1007/s11340-015-0021-5
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science,
GA CR2EK
UT WOS:000361138000006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Leuders, S
Vollmer, M
Brenne, F
Troster, T
Niendorf, T
AF Leuders, Stefan
Vollmer, Malte
Brenne, Florian
Troester, Thomas
Niendorf, Thomas
TI Fatigue Strength Prediction for Titanium Alloy TiAl6V4 Manufactured by
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE; RESIDUAL-STRESS; HEAT-TREATMENT; CRACK GROWTH;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; TECHNOLOGIES; DEFECTS
AB Selective laser melting (SLM), as a metalworking additive manufacturing
technique, received considerable attention from industry and academia due to
unprecedented design freedom and overall balanced material properties. However, the
fatigue behavior of SLM-processed materials often suffers from local imperfections
such as micron-sized pores. In order to enable robust designs of SLM components
used in an industrial environment, further research regarding process-induced
porosity and its impact on the fatigue behavior is required. Hence, this study aims
at a transfer of fatigue prediction models, established for conventional process-
routes, to the field of SLM materials. By using high-resolution computed
tomography, load increase tests, and electron microscopy, it is shown that pore-
based fatigue strength predictions for a titanium alloy TiAl6V4 have become
feasible. However, the obtained accuracies are subjected to scatter, which is
probably caused by the high defect density even present in SLM materials
manufactured following optimized processing routes. Based on thorough examination
of crack surfaces and crack initiation sites, respectively, implications for
optimization of prediction accuracy of the models in focus are deduced.
C1 [Leuders, Stefan; Brenne, Florian; Troester, Thomas] Univ Paderborn, DMRC, D-
33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Leuders, Stefan; Troester, Thomas] Univ Paderborn, Lehrstuhl Leichtbau
Automobil Automot Lightweig C, D-33098 Paderborn, Germany.
[Niendorf, Thomas] TU Bergakad Freiberg, Inst Werkstofftech Mat Engn, D-09599
Freiberg, Germany.
[Brenne, Florian] Univ Paderborn, Lehrstuhl Werkstoffkunde Mat Sci, D-33098
Paderborn, Germany.
RP Leuders, S (reprint author), Univ Paderborn, DMRC, Mersinweg 3, D-33098
Paderborn, Germany.
EM stefan.leuders@upb.de
FU Direct Manufacturing Research Center (DMRC); state of North Rhine
Westphalia
FX The authors would like to thank the Direct Manufacturing Research Center
(DMRC), its industry partners and the state of North Rhine Westphalia
for financial support of the present study.
CR Bourell DL, 2014, PHYSCS PROC, V56, P147, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2014.08.157
Danninger H, 2003, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V143, P179, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(03)00409-6
Dini D, 2006, TRIBOL INT, V39, P1158, DOI 10.1016/j.triboint.2006.02.033
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
6
Mann T, 2007, INT J FATIGUE, V29, P1393, DOI 10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2006.11.010
Masood SH, 2004, MATER DESIGN, V25, P587, DOI 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.02.009
Murakami Y., 2002, EFFECTS SMALL DEFECT, P57
8506(07)60677-5
Spagnoli A, 2004, CHAOS SOLITON FRACT, V22, P589, DOI
10.1016/j.chaos.2004.02.034
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.011
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 9
U2 114
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 46A
IS 9
BP 3816
EP 3823
DI 10.1007/s11661-015-2864-x
PG 8
Engineering
GA CO1TZ
UT WOS:000358939600008
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Pal, D
Patil, N
Zeng, K
Teng, C
Stucker, B
AF Pal, Deepankar
Patil, Nachiket
Zeng, Kai
Teng, Chong
Stucker, Brent
TI An Efficient Multi-Scale Simulation Architecture for the Prediction of
Performance Metrics of Parts Fabricated Using Additive Manufacturing
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; POWDERS; STAINLESS; ALUMINUM; BEHAVIOR;
STRESS
AB In this study, an overview of the computational tools developed in the area of
metal-based additively manufactured (AM) to simulate the performance metrics along
with their experimental validations will be presented. The performance metrics of
the AM fabricated parts such as the inter- and intra-layer strengths could be
characterized in terms of the melt pool dimensions, solidification times, cooling
rates, granular microstructure, and phase morphologies along with defect
distributions which are a function of the energy source, scan pattern(s), and the
material(s). The four major areas of AM simulation included in this study are
thermo-mechanical constitutive relationships during fabrication and in-service, the
use of Euler angles for gaging static and dynamic strengths, the use of algorithms
involving intelligent use of matrix algebra and homogenization extracting the
spatiotemporal nature of these processes, a fast GPU architecture, and specific
challenges targeted toward attaining a faster than real-time simulation efficiency
and accuracy.
C1 [Pal, Deepankar] Univ Louisville, JB Speed Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Louisville,
KY 40292 USA.
[Patil, Nachiket; Zeng, Kai; Teng, Chong] 3DSIM LLC, Div Res & Dev, Louisville,
KY 40202 USA.
[Zeng, Kai; Stucker, Brent] Univ Louisville, JB Speed Sch Engn, Dept Ind Engn,
Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Pal, D (reprint author), Univ Louisville, JB Speed Sch Engn, Dept Mech Engn,
Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
EM d0pal001@louisville.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N000141110689, N000140710633]; Air Force
Research Laboratory; National Institute of Standards and Technology
[70NANB12H262]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-1234468]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Khalid Rafi at Nanyang Technological
University, Mr. Hengfeng Gu at North Carolina State University, and Dr.
Haijun Gong and Mr. Ashabul Anam at University of Louisville for their
insightful discussions with the authors. Funding: The authors would like
to gratefully acknowledge the funding support from the Office of Naval
Research (N000141110689 & N000140710633), the Air Force Research
Laboratory (as a subcontractor to Mound Laser & Photonics Center on
three SBIR projects), the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(70NANB12H262), and the National Science Foundation (CMMI-1234468).
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NR 41
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 50
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD SEP
PY 2015
VL 46A
IS 9
BP 3852
EP 3863
DI 10.1007/s11661-015-2903-7
PG 12
Engineering
GA CO1TZ
UT WOS:000358939600012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, OL
Allison, PG
Whittington, WR
Francis, DK
Rivera, OG
Chou, K
Gong, X
Butler, TM
Burroughs, JF
AF Rodriguez, O. L.
Allison, P. G.
Whittington, W. R.
Francis, D. K.
Rivera, O. G.
Chou, K.
Gong, X.
Butler, T. M.
Burroughs, J. F.
TI Dynamic tensile behavior of electron beam additive manufactured Ti6Al4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron microscopy; Powder metallurgy; Plasticity; Strain measurement;
Titanium alloys
ID HIGH-STRAIN-RATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS;
TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; TITANIUM; DEFORMATION; FRACTURE; STEEL;
TEMPERATURES
AB High rate and quasi-static tensile experiments examined strain rate dependence
on flow stress and strain hardening of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V. Variations on
strain-hardening coefficient indicate that the rate of thermal softening is greater
than strain hardening during plastic deformation. Strain rate sensitivity
calculations within the plastic strain regime suggest changes in deformation
mechanisms. Fractography revealed cup-and-cone fracture for quasi-static samples
and shear mechanisms for high rate samples. As-deposited microstructure consisted
of bimodal alpha+beta with the presence of secondary martensitic phase. (C) 2015
C1 [Rodriguez, O. L.; Allison, P. G.; Rivera, O. G.; Chou, K.; Gong, X.] Univ
Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Whittington, W. R.; Francis, D. K.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn,
Starkville, MS USA.
[Butler, T. M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Met Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Burroughs, J. F.] US Army ERDC, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
RP Allison, PG (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech Engn, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
USA.
EM pallison@eng.ua.edu
OI Allison, Paul/0000-0002-9041-237X; Whittington,
Wilburn/0000-0002-1635-9830
0397-x
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NR 27
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PI LAUSANNE
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EI 1873-4936
PD AUG 12
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VL 641
BP 323
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.06.069
PG 5
GA CN9YQ
UT WOS:000358807500038
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Khorasani, AM
Goldberg, M
Doeven, EH
Littlefair, G
AF Khorasani, Amir Mahyar
Goldberg, Moshe
Doeven, Egan H.
Littlefair, Guy
TI Titanium in Biomedical Applications-Properties and Fabrication: A Review
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS AND TISSUE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Review
DE Biocompatibility; Bioimplants Fabrication; Mechanical Properties;
Osseointegration; Ti-Based Biomaterial
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE SCAFFOLDS;
SHAPE-MEMORY ALLOYS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; CELLS IN-VITRO; SOL-GEL
METHOD; TI-TA ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CORROSION-RESISTANCE;
IMPLANT MATERIALS
AB Ti and Ti-based alloys have unique properties such as high strength, low density
and excellent corrosion resistance. These properties are essential for the
manufacture of lightweight and high strength components for biomedical
applications. In this paper, Ti properties such as metallurgy, mechanical
properties, surface modification, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and
osseointegration in biomedical applications have been discussed. This paper also
analyses the advantages and disadvantages of various Ti manufacturing processes for
biomedical applications such as casting, powder metallurgy, cold and hot working,
machining, laser engineering net shaping (LEN), superplastic forming, forging and
ring rolling. The contributions of this research are twofold, firstly scrutinizing
the behaviour of Ti and Ti-based alloys in-vivo and in-vitro experiments in
biomedical applications to determine the factors leading to failure, and secondly
strategies to achieve desired properties essential to improving the quality of
patient outcomes after receiving surgical implants. Future research will be
directed toward manufacturing of Ti for medical applications by improving the
production process, for example using optimal design approaches in additive
manufacturing and investigating alloys containing other materials in order to
obtain better medical and mechanical characteristics.
C1 [Khorasani, Amir Mahyar; Goldberg, Moshe; Doeven, Egan H.; Littlefair, Guy]
Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Fac Sci Engn & Built Environm, Waurn Ponds, Vic 3216,
Australia.
RP Khorasani, AM (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Fac Sci Engn & Built
Environm, Waurn Ponds, Vic 3216, Australia.
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NR 235
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 17
U2 106
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 2157-9083
EI 2157-9091
J9 J BIOMATER TISS ENG
JI J. Biomater. Tissue Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2015
VL 5
IS 8
BP 593
EP 619
DI 10.1166/JBT.2015.1361
PG 27
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering
SC Cell Biology
GA CX2VL
UT WOS:000365554800001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bae, EJ
Kim, HY
Kim, WC
Kim, JH
AF Bae, Eun-Jeong
Kim, Hae-Young
Kim, Woong-Chui
Kim, Ji-Hwan
TI In vitro evaluation of the bond strength between various ceramics and
cobalt-chromium alloy fabricated by selective laser sintering
SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PROSTHODONTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Rapid prototyping; Selective Laser Sintering; Dental technique; Bond
strength; Coefficient of thermal expansion
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PORCELAIN; RESTORATIONS; TITANIUM; SYSTEM
AB PURPOSE. This study aimed to present the clinical applicability of restorations
fabricated by a new method, by comparing the bond strength of between ceramic
powder with different coefficient of thermal expansion and alloys fabricated by
Selective laser sintering (SLS). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty Co-Cr alloy specimens
(25.0 x 3.0 x 0.5 mm) were prepared by SLS and fired with the ceramic (8.0 x 3.0 x
0.5 mm) (ISO 9693:1999). For comparison, ceramics with different coefficient of
thermal expansion were used. The bond strength was measured by three-point bending
testing and surfaces were observed with FE-SEM. Results were analyzed with a one-
way ANOVA (alpha=.05). RESULTS. The mean values of Duceram Kiss (61.18 +/- 6.86
MPa), Vita VM13 (60.30 +/- 7.14 MPa), Ceramco 3 (58.87 +/- 5.33 MPa), Noritake EX-3
(55.86 +/- 7.53 MPa), and Vintage MP (55.15 +/- 7.53 MPa) were found. No
significant difference was observed between the bond strengths of the various
metal-ceramics. The surfaces of the specimens possessed minute gaps between the
additive manufactured layers. CONCLUSION. All the five powders have bond strengths
higher than the required 25 MPa minimum (ISO 9693); therefore, various powders can
be applied to metal structures fabricated by SLS.
C1 [Bae, Eun-Jeong; Kim, Hae-Young; Kim, Woong-Chui; Kim, Ji-Hwan] Korea Univ, Dept
Dent Lab Sci & Engn, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Dent Lab Sci & Engn, 145 Anam Ro,
Seoul 02841, South Korea.
EM kjh2804@korea.ac.kr
OI Kim, Haeyoung/0000-0003-2043-2575; Kim, Ji-Hwan/0000-0003-3889-2289;
Bae, Eun-Jeong/0000-0002-3098-7673; Kim, Woong-Chul/0000-0002-6730-4960
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NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 23
PU KOREAN ACAD PROSTHODONTICS
PI SEOUL
PA #705 KOREA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CENTER, 22 TAHRANNO 7 GIL, GANGNAMGU,
SEOUL, 135-703, SOUTH KOREA
SN 2005-7806
EI 2005-7814
J9 J ADV PROSTHODONT
JI J. Adv. Prosthodont.
PD AUG
PY 2015
VL 7
IS 4
BP 312
EP 316
DI 10.4047/jap.2015.7.4.312
PG 5
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA CQ2HJ
UT WOS:000360420400006
PM 26330978
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Lu, SL
Tang, HP
Qian, M
Hong, Q
Zeng, LY
StJohn, DH
AF Lu Sheng-lu
Tang Hui-ping
Qian, M.
Hong Quan
Zeng Li-ying
StJohn, D. H.
TI A yttrium-containing high-temperature titanium alloy additively
manufactured by selective electron beam melting
SO JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
LA English
DT Article
DE titanium alloys; additive manufacturing; rare earth elements; yttrium;
selective electron beam melting
ID BETA-PHASE; DISPERSION; TI-6AL-4V; OXYGEN; TI; MICROSTRUCTURES;
EVOLUTION; HYDRIDE
AB A yttrium-containing high-temperature titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-2.7Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-
0.45Si-0.1Y, mass fraction, %) has been additively manufactured using selective
electron beam melting (SEBM). The resulting microstructure and textures were
studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy
(TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and
compared with the conventionally manufactured form. A notable distinct difference
of microstructures is that additive manufacturing by SEBM enables homogeneous
precipitation of fine Y2O3 dispersoids in the size range of 50-250 nm throughout
the as-fabricated alloy, despite the presence of just trace levels of oxygen
(7x10(-4), mass fraction) and yttrium (10(-3), mass fraction) in the alloy. In
contrast, the conventionally manufactured alloy shows inhomogeneously distributed
coarse Y2O3 precipitates, including cracked or debonded Y2O3 particles.
C1 [Lu Sheng-lu] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819, Peoples R
China.
[Lu Sheng-lu; Tang Hui-ping; Qian, M.; Hong Quan; Zeng Li-ying] Northwest Inst
Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
[Lu Sheng-lu; StJohn, D. H.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Adv Mat Proc & Mfg, Sch Mech &
Min Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
3001, Australia.
EM thpfys@126.com
OI StJohn, David/0000-0001-5509-265X
FU Shaanxi Science and Technology Coordination and Innovation Program,
China [2014KTZB01-02-03, 2014KTZB01-02-04]; Australian Research Council
(ARC) [DP120101672]; ARC Centre of Excellence for Design in Light
Metals, Australia
FX Foundation item: Projects(2014KTZB01-02-03, 2014KTZB01-02-04) supported
by Shaanxi Science and Technology Coordination and Innovation Program,
China; Project(DP120101672) supported by Australian Research Council
(ARC) Discovery Grant, ARC Centre of Excellence for Design in Light
Metals, Australia
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NR 28
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U1 1
U2 32
PU JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIV TECHNOLOGY
PI HUNAN
PA EDITORIAL OFFICE, CHANGSHA, HUNAN 410083, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 2095-2899
EI 1993-0666
J9 J CENT SOUTH UNIV
JI J. Cent. South Univ.
PD AUG
PY 2015
VL 22
IS 8
BP 2857
EP 2863
DI 10.1007/s11771-015-2818-x
PG 7
GA CO2WS
UT WOS:000359018300001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Longhitano, GA
Larosa, MA
Munhoz, ALJ
Zavaglia, CAD
Ierardi, MCF
AF Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur
Jardini Munhoz, Andre Luiz
de Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia
Filippini Ierardi, Maria Clara
TI Surface Finishes for Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Produced by Direct Metal Laser
Sintering
SO MATERIALS RESEARCH-IBERO-AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE surface finishes; Ti-6Al-4V alloy; additive manufacturing; direct metal
laser sintering (DMLS)
ID TITANIUM; IMPLANTS; RECONSTRUCTION; STRENGTH
AB The implant's surface is responsible for direct interaction with the human body.
For cases where osseointegration must be favored and the risk of bacteria
proliferation is lower, rough surfaces are more suitable, while for implants where
the risks are higher, a reduced surface roughness is required. This study aimed to
analyze and produce different surface finishes on samples of Ti-6Al-4V alloy
produced by additive manufacturing technique of Direct Metal Laser Sintering
(DMLS). Surfaces of the samples were analyzed in the as-built condition, after
blasting, after chemical etching, after electropolishing and two different
combinations of these methods. The surfaces were studied using the technique of
scanning electron microscopy, and surface roughness and mass measurements. The
lower roughness value was obtained after a combination of blasting and chemical
etching. Blasting results in a surface with uniform roughness while chemical
etching cleans the surface and reduces its roughness.
C1 [Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur; Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Jardini Munhoz, Andre
Luiz; de Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia; Filippini Ierardi, Maria Clara] Inst
Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Biofabricacao Biofabri, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Longhitano, Guilherme Arthur; de Carvalho Zavaglia, Cecilia Amelia; Filippini
Ierardi, Maria Clara] Univ Estadual Campinas Unicamp, Fac Engn Mecan, Campinas, SP,
Brazil.
[Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Jardini Munhoz, Andre Luiz] Univ Estadual Campinas
Unicamp, Fac Engn Quim, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Longhitano, GA (reprint author), Inst Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Biofabricacao
Biofabri, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
EM guilonghita@gmail.com
FU Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (CAPES);
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq);
Scientific Research Foundation for the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
FX The authors would like to thank Coordination for the Improvement of
Higher Level Personnel (CAPES), National Council for Scientific and
Technological Development (CNPq) and Scientific Research Foundation for
the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP) for the financial support.
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PU UNIV FED SAO CARLOS, DEPT ENGENHARIA MATERIALS
PI SAO CARLOS
PA LABORATORIA DE MATERIAIS VITREOS, CAIXA POSTAL 676, SAO CARLOS,
13565-905SP, BRAZIL
SN 1516-1439
EI 1980-5373
J9 MATER RES-IBERO-AM J
JI Mater. Res.-Ibero-am. J. Mater.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2015
VL 18
IS 4
BP 838
EP 842
DI 10.1590/1516-1439.014415
PG 5
GA CR1CG
UT WOS:000361059800024
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Leordean, D
Radu, SA
Fratila, D
Berce, P
AF Leordean, Dan
Radu, S. A.
Fratila, D.
Berce, P.
TI Studies on design of customized orthopedic endoprostheses of titanium
alloy manufactured by SLM
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing (AM); Customized endoprostheses; Titanium alloys;
Finite element analysis; Creo Parametric software
ID FINITE-ELEMENT-ANALYSIS; HUMAN PROXIMAL FEMUR; LASER; TI6AL7NB
AB This paper presents studies on the design of prostheses manufactured by
selective laser melting (SLM) of porous Ti alloys. The results are materialized by
a new design and manufacturing strategy of customized orthopedic endoprostheses.
The strategy is presented in a case study. The design methodology consists in
processing, editing, analyzing, and performing measurements with the Materialise's
Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) software in order to extract and
develop the 3-D model from specific computed tomography (CT) files. The finite
element analysis (FEA) was used in order to verify the distribution of the cortical
bone tissue of a femur and to evaluate the prosthesis by simulating normal and
atypical daily activities. The contact surfaces and the elements of the
endoprosthesis were established taking into account the distribution of the von
Mises equivalent stress in the section carrying the highest loads. It was
elaborated a strategy that allows reproducing anatomic bone shapes by using B,zier
curves and obtaining parameterized 3-D models. After determining the ideal shape,
the prosthesis to be fabricated by SLM was designed and analyzed. An original item
of the research is the design of a multistructural endoprosthesis consisting in
three elements with different structural proprieties. The proposed prosthesis model
is a perfectible solution, the research being focused exclusively on the considered
case. By studying the distribution of bone structures, their shapes, and
dimensions, new prostheses can be obtained following the steps of the strategy
elaborated in this study.
C1 [Leordean, Dan; Radu, S. A.; Fratila, D.; Berce, P.] Tech Univ Cluj Napoca,
Machine Bldg Fac, Dept Mfg Engn, Cluj Napoca 400641, Romania.
RP Leordean, D (reprint author), Tech Univ Cluj Napoca, Machine Bldg Fac, Dept Mfg
Engn, Blvd Muncii 103-105, Cluj Napoca 400641, Romania.
EM dan.leordean@tcm.utcluj.ro; adrian.radu@tcm.utcluj.ro;
domnita.fratila@tcm.utcluj.ro; petru.berce@tcm.tucluj.ro
RI Radu, Sever-Adrian/Q-3836-2016; Leordean, Dan/O-8425-2016
OI Leordean, Dan/0000-0002-3162-0283
FU European Social Fund through POSDRU Program [DMI 1.5, 137516 PARTING]
FX This paper was supported by the European Social Fund through POSDRU
Program, DMI 1.5, ID 137516 PARTING.
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NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 33
PI LONDON
SN 0268-3768
EI 1433-3015
PD JUL
PY 2015
VL 79
IS 5-8
BP 905
EP 920
DI 10.1007/s00170-015-6873-0
PG 16
GA CL9FX
UT WOS:000357283000018
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HP
Yang, GY
Jia, WP
He, WW
Lu, SL
Qian, M
AF Tang, H. P.
Yang, G. Y.
Jia, W. P.
He, W. W.
Lu, S. L.
Qian, M.
TI Additive manufacturing of a high niobium-containing titanium aluminide
alloy by selective electron beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective electron beam melting; Titanium
aluminide
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; DEFORMATION; TEMPERATURE; NB
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a radical net-shape manufacturing approach
for titanium aluminide alloys but significant challenges still remain. A study has
been made of the AM of a high niobium-containing titanium aluminide alloy (Ti-45Al-
7Nb-0.3W, in at% throughout the Paper) using selective electron beam melting
(SEBM). The formation of various types of microstructural defects, including banded
structures caused by the vaporization of aluminum, was investigated with respect to
different processing parameters. To avoid both micro- and macro-cracks, the use of
higher preheating temperatures and an intermediate reheating process (to reheat
each solidified layer during SEBM) was assessed in detail. These measures enabled
effective release of the thermal stress that developed during SEBM and therefore
the avoidance of cracks. In addition, the processing conditions for the production
of a fine full lamellar microstructure were identified. As a result, the Ti-45Al-
7Nb-0.3W alloy fabricated showed outstanding properties (compression strength: 2750
MPa; strain-to-fracture: 37%). SEBM can be used to fabricate high performance
titanium aluminide alloys with appropriate processing parameters and pathways. (C)
C1 [Tang, H. P.; Yang, G. Y.; Jia, W. P.; He, W. W.; Lu, S. L.; Qian, M.] Northwest
Inst Nonferrous Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R
China.
3001, Australia.
EM thpfys@126.com; ma.qian@rmit.edu.au
FU International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of the Ministry
of Science and Technology China [2011DFA52590]; China National High
Technology Research Program [2013AA031103]
FX This work was funded by the International Science and Technology
Cooperation Program (No. 2011DFA52590) of the Ministry of Science and
Technology China and the China National High Technology Research Program
(No. 2013AA031103). Useful comments and suggestions from the reviewer
are acknowledged including the mechanism for the formation of the banded
structure shown in Fig. 5.
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NR 15
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 5
U2 61
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD JUN 11
PY 2015
VL 636
BP 103
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.03.079
PG 5
GA CK0HK
UT WOS:000355886100012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Davis, B
Liou, F
Huang, Y
AF Davis, Brian
Liou, Frank
Huang, Yong
TI Study of grain size variation and saw-tooth spacing during machining of
additively manufactured titanium alloy
SO MRS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; MORPHOLOGY; TI-6AL-4V; BEHAVIOR;
STEELS
AB Additive manufacturing, also known as three-dimensional printing, has provided a
promising solution to produce near-net shape components directly from metallic
powder. However, their surface roughness still prevents them from immediate use;
finish machining is usually required. This study has investigated the grain size
variation and saw-tooth/shear-band spacing during the machining of titanium alloy
(Ti-6Al-4V) printed using direct metal deposition. Grain refinement was observed
within both the printed and substrate regions, and their grain structures retained
the basket-weave Widmanstatten and bimodal structures, respectively. The saw-tooth
spacing decreased as the build height increased.
C1 [Davis, Brian; Huang, Yong] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville,
FL 32611 USA.
[Liou, Frank] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Rolla, MO
65409 USA.
RP Huang, Y (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville,
FL 32611 USA.
EM yongh@ufl.edu
FU NSF [CMMI-1404926]
FX The study is partially supported by the NSF (CMMI-1404926). The authors
would like to acknowledge Felipe Barbosa, Christa Torrence, and Dr.
Nancy Ruzycki of the University of Florida for their sample preparation
and microscopy assistance.
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NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 11
PI NEW YORK
SN 2159-6859
EI 2159-6867
J9 MRS COMMUN
JI MRS Commun.
PD JUN
PY 2015
VL 5
IS 2
BP 341
EP 346
DI 10.1557/mrc.2015.35
PG 6
GA CN1AK
UT WOS:000358147300027
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bermingham, MJ
Kent, D
Zhan, H
St John, DH
Dargusch, MS
AF Bermingham, M. J.
Kent, D.
Zhan, H.
St John, D. H.
Dargusch, M. S.
TI Controlling the microstructure and properties of wire arc additive
manufactured Ti-6Al-4V with trace boron additions
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Deposition; Grain refinement; Solidification microstructure; Titanium
alloys; Mechanical properties
ID LASER-DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IN-SITU;
TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MATRIX COMPOSITES; METAL-DEPOSITION; EQUIAXED ALPHA; TI
ALLOY; FABRICATION; BEHAVIOR
AB This study demonstrates that trace boron addition to Ti-6Al-4V coupons produced
by additive layer manufacturing is an effective way to eliminate the deleterious
anisotropic microstructures often encountered with this manufacturing technique.
Trace boron additions (up to 0.13 wt.%) to this alloy eliminate grain boundary-a
and colony-alpha, and instead produce a homogeneous alpha-microstructure consisting
of fine equiaxed alpha-grains in both as-deposited and heat treated coupons. Prior-
beta grains remain columnar with boron addition but become narrower due to the
wider solidification range and growth restricting effect of the boron solute.
Compared to unmodified Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Ti-6Al-4V modified with trace boron
additions showed up to 40% improvement in plasticity with no loss in strength under
uniaxial compression at room temperature. Boron additions were found to inhibit
twinning transmission that causes sudden large load drops during deformation of the
unmodified Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the heat treated condition. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia
Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bermingham, M. J.; Kent, D.; Zhan, H.; St John, D. H.; Dargusch, M. S.] Univ
Queensland, Queensland Ctr Adv Mat Proc & Mfg AMPAM, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Kent, D.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Sch Sci & Engn, Sippy Downs, Qld 4575,
Australia.
RP Bermingham, MJ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Queensland Ctr Adv Mat Proc &
Mfg AMPAM, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM m.bermingham@uq.edu.au
RI Kent, Damon/D-9986-2011
OI Kent, Damon/0000-0001-6786-1030; StJohn, David/0000-0001-5509-265X;
Dargusch, Matthew/0000-0003-4336-5811
FU Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing
(AMPAM); Australian Research Council's Linkage Program; Queensland
Government's Research Partnership Program; University of Queensland ECR
Program
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Dongdong Qu and Mr. Rudy Irwin
for assistance during synchrotron and nanohardness measurement and
analysis. The authors would also like to acknowledge the support of the
Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing
(AMPAM), the Australian Research Council's Linkage Program and the
Queensland Government's Research Partnership Program. M.J. Bermingham
also acknowledges the support of the University of Queensland ECR
Program.
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NR 55
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 11
U2 117
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JUN 1
PY 2015
VL 91
BP 289
EP 303
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2015.03.035
PG 15
Engineering
GA CH6NX
UT WOS:000354154400026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nassar, AR
Reutzel, EW
AF Nassar, Abdalla R.
Reutzel, Edward W.
TI Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V Using a Pulsed Laser Beam
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
CT Bulk Metallic Glasses 11 Symposium
CY FEB 16-20, 2014
CL TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibit, San Diego, CA
SP Bulk Met Glasses Symposia
HO TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibit
ID ALPHA+BETA TITANIUM-ALLOYS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION; REFINEMENT; TEXTURE; BUILDS
AB Microstructural development in directed-energy additive manufacturing of metal
components is a complex process that produces parts with materials whose
microstructure and properties are influenced by multiple heating and cooling
cycles. Much work has been undertaken to correlate microstructural development with
processing conditions, such as laser power and processing speed. Here, the
microstructure and indentation hardness of a Ti-6Al-4V component processed with a
pulsing laser beam and a continuous wave (CW) laser beam are investigated. It is
found that the pulsed-beam build showed no statistically significant variation in
lath width or indentation hardness with build height while the build deposited with
the CW beam showed a statistically significant decrease in hardness and an increase
in lath width near the middle of the build. The reduction in variability with beam
pulsing is attributed to rapid cooling rates within the melt pool, a greater degree
of melt pool stirring, and reduced aging during part build-up.
C1 [Nassar, Abdalla R.; Reutzel, Edward W.] Penn State Univ, Laser Syst Engn &
Integrat Dept, University Pk, PA 16804 USA.
[Nassar, Abdalla R.; Reutzel, Edward W.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab,
University Pk, PA 16804 USA.
EM arn5000@psu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-11-1-0668]
FX We acknowledge Edward A. Good for assistance in preparing metallographic
samples. Funding for this work was provided by the Office of Naval
Research, under Contract No. N00014-11-1-0668.
5093(97)00802-2
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NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 58
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5623
EI 1543-1940
PD JUN
PY 2015
VL 46A
IS 6
BP 2781
EP 2789
DI 10.1007/s11661-015-2838-z
PG 9
Engineering
GA CG4EQ
UT WOS:000353236700049
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kasperovich, G
Hausmann, J
AF Kasperovich, Galina
Hausmann, Joachim
TI Improvement of fatigue resistance and ductility of TiAl6V4 processed by
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Additive manufacturing; Thermomechanical
treatment; Titanium alloys
ID TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; HEAT-TREATMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDERS; FUTURE; PARTS;
PHASE
AB Generative processes or additive layer manufacturing like selective laser
melting (SLM) enable the fabrication of highly precise and complex component
geometries that are otherwise difficult, costly, or even impossible to realize
using conventional techniques. Titanium alloys and in particular TiAl6V4 are suited
well for processing by SLM. However, a careful optimization procedure of the
process parameters is necessary to obtain a high quality material: firstly, the
optimization of the initial process parameters for the minimization of inherent
defects, and secondly, the optimization of the further thermomechanical treatment
to minimize internal stresses and adjust the microstructure. These two stages of
optimization are represented here. For the initial program more than 40 small
TiAl6V4 cuboids were produced with the variable scan parameters and two- and three
dimensionally analyzed. The reducing of the porosity by 6-10 times is shown. The
optimized process parameters were used for further manufacturing of the test
specimen, some of them were then thermomechanically treated: annealed or hot-
isostatically pressed. The hardness, tensile properties and high cycle fatigue
resistance of all samples Were tested and the similar tests were also conducted for
the reference material: wrought TiAl6V4 alloy. The microstructure, porosity and the
received mechanical properties were analyzed and compared, and the influence of
thermomechanical treatment was evaluated. As a result of this double optimization,
a significant improvement of ductility (epsilon = 19.4%) and fatigue resistance
compatible to the wrought TiAl6V4 for the SLM produced material was achieved.
Furthermore, since some surfaces in complex components such as the channels in the
turbine blade cannot be machined or polished, both treated ('machined') and
untreated ('as built') surface conditions were considered and discussed. (C) 2015
C1 [Kasperovich, Galina] German Aerosp Ctr, Inst Mat Res, Cologne, Germany.
[Hausmann, Joachim] Inst Composite Mat, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
RP Kasperovich, G (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr, Inst Mat Res, Cologne,
Germany.
EM galina.kasperovich@dlr.de
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.01.018
Brandl E., 2010, MICROSTRUCTURAL MECH
phoenix datoslx 2.0&COPY;, 2010, PHOEN DAT 2 0
Katzarov I, 2002, METALL MATER TRANS A, V33, P1027, DOI 10.1007/s11661-002-0204-
4
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6
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Rehme O., 2007, GENERATIVE FERTIGUNG
10.1108/13552541111156504
Thone M., 2012, SOL FREEF FABR S SFF
ZEN, 2012, SP1 BLACK ED 1997 20
NR 30
TC 55
Z9 58
U1 17
U2 165
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JUN
PY 2015
VL 220
BP 202
EP 214
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.025
PG 13
Multidisciplinary
GA CE4NI
UT WOS:000351806900019
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wang, T
Zhu, YY
Zhang, SQ
Tang, HB
Wang, HM
AF Wang, T.
Zhu, Y. Y.
Zhang, S. Q.
Tang, H. B.
Wang, H. M.
TI Grain morphology evolution behavior of titanium alloy components during
laser melting deposition additive manufacturing
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; Laser deposition; Laser additive manufacturing;
Nucleation; Grain growth; Solidification
ID DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POWDER DEPOSITION;
MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; TI-6AL-4V; WIRE; TEMPERATURE;
FABRICATION; PART
AB Grain morphology control is a challenging issue for laser melting deposition
(LMD) additive manufacturing of large metallic components. In this paper, the grain
morphology evolution behaviors of laser deposited titanium alloy components were
investigated via basic study on solidification nucleation and growth mechanisms of
the local melt pool during the layer-by-layer deposition process. Results indicate
that the heterogeneous nucleation on partially melted powders for equiaxed grains
and the epitaxial growth from the pool-bottom for columnar grains are the two
dominant solidification mechanisms. The competition between the above two
solidification mechanisms within the melt pool dominates the grain morphological
selection process and determines the as-deposited grain structures for the layer-
by-layer deposited components. Low specific mass deposition rate leads to high
superheating of the melt pool, large melting penetration to the underlying layer
and high temperature gradient in front of solidification interface, making the
bottom epitaxial growth mechanism prevail and promoting the formation of large
full-columnar prior grain structures. While high specific mass deposition rate
results in insufficient powder melting and low melt superheating, making
superficial and endogenous heterogeneous nucleation within the melt pool prevail,
favoring the production of fine near equiaxed prior grains. Other than the full-
columnar and equiaxed as-deposited grain structures, a unique "steel-bar reinforced
concrete-like'' mixed grain structure consisting of coarse grain pillars and fine
inter-pillar equiaxed grains was fabricated and the corresponding grain morphology
selection mechanisms for the three representative as-deposited grain morphologies
were established. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wang, T.; Zhu, Y. Y.; Zhang, S. Q.; Tang, H. B.; Wang, H. M.] Beihang Univ, Sch
Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg Large Metall Components, Beijing 100191,
Peoples R China.
RP Wang, HM (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Natl Engn Lab Addit
EM TGtarget@126.com; zhuyy@buaa.edu.cn; zhangsq@buaa.edu.cn;
tanghb@buaa.edu.cn; wanghm@buaa.edu.cn
FU National Key Basic Research Program [2011CB606305]; CheungKong Scholar
Innovation Team Program of Education of Ministry [IRT0805]
FX The work was the financially supported by the National Key Basic
Research Program under Grant No. 2011CB606305 and the CheungKong Scholar
Innovation Team Program of Education of Ministry under Grant No.
IRT0805. The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Xianjun Tian, Dong Liu
and Haibo Tang for their great help on laser additive manufacturing of
all the titanium specimens.
0397-x
Atwood C., 1998, P INT C APPL LAS EL, VE, P1
Bi GJ, 2006, SURF COAT TECH, V201, P2676, DOI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.05.006
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V35, P2690
NR 46
TC 42
Z9 45
U1 7
U2 145
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD MAY 25
PY 2015
VL 632
BP 505
EP 513
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.01.256
PG 9
GA CC5HE
UT WOS:000350388900075
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hong, C
Gu, DD
Dai, DH
Alkhayat, M
Urban, W
Yuan, PP
Cao, S
Gasser, A
Weisheit, A
Kelbassa, I
Zhong, ML
Poprawe, R
AF Hong, Chen
Gu, Dongdong
Dai, Donghua
Alkhayat, Moritz
Urban, Wolf
Yuan, Pengpeng
Cao, Sainan
Gasser, Andres
Weisheit, Andreas
Kelbassa, Ingomar
Zhong, Minlin
Poprawe, Reinhart
TI Laser additive manufacturing of ultrafine TiC particle reinforced
Inconel 625 based composite parts: Tailored microstructures and enhanced
performance
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Laser metal deposition; Composites; Nickel based
superalloys; Tensile properties
ID METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PROCESSING PARAMETERS;
DEPOSITION CHARACTERISTICS; WEAR PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOY; SUPERALLOY;
POWDER; DENSIFICATION; EVOLUTION
AB Laser metal deposition (LMD) additive manufacturing process was applied to
produce ultrafine TiC particle reinforced Inconel 625 composite parts. The effects
of laser energy input per unit length (LEIPUL) on microstructure development,
densification response, and mechanical performance including wear performance and
tensile properties were comprehensively studied. A relationship of processing
conditions, microstructural characteristics, mechanical performance, and underlying
strengthening mechanisms was proposed for a successful LMD of high-performance
Inconel based composite parts. It revealed that using an insufficient LEIPUL of 33
kJ/m lowered the densification behavior of LMD-processed parts, due to the
appearance of residual large-sized pores in inter-layer areas of the parts. An
increase in LEIPUL above 100 KJ/m yielded the near fully dense composite parts
after LMD. On increasing LEIPUL, the tic reinforcing particles became significantly
refined and smoothened via the elevated melting of particle surfaces and the
dispersion state of ultra-fine reinforcing particles was homogenized due to the
efficient action of Marangoni flow within the molten pool. The dendrites of Ni-Cr
gamma matrix underwent a successive change from an insufficiently developed,
disordered microstructure to a refined, ordered microstructure with the increase of
LEIPUL However, the columnar dendrites of the matrix were coarsened apparently at
an excessive LEIPUL of 160 kJ/m because of the elevated thermalization of the input
laser energy. The formation of the refined columnar dendrites of Ni-Cr gamma matrix
combined with the homogeneously distributed ultra-fine reinforcing particles
contributed to the enhancement of wear performance of LIVID-processed composites
with a considerably low coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.30 and reduced wear rate
of 13 x 10(-4) mm(3)/N m. The optimally prepared TiC/Inconel 625 composite parts
demonstrated a ductile fracture mode with a sufficiently high tensile strength of
10773 MPa, yield strength of 659.3 MPa, and elongation of 20.7%. The superior
tensile properties of LMD-processed parts were attributed to the significant grain
refinement effect of the matrix during laser processing and the efficient
prohibition of ultrafine reinforcing particles on the mobility of dislocations. (C)
C1 [Hong, Chen; Alkhayat, Moritz; Gasser, Andres; Weisheit, Andreas; Kelbassa,
Ingomar; Poprawe, Reinhart] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Fraunhofer Inst Laser Technol
ILT, Chair Laser Technol LLT, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Gu, Dongdong; Dai, Donghua; Yuan, Pengpeng; Cao, Sainan] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut
& Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Gu, Dongdong; Dai, Donghua; Yuan, Pengpeng; Cao, Sainan] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut
& Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg 3D Printing, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhong, Minlin] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R
China.
[Urban, Wolf] FH Aachen Univ Appl Sci, Aachen, Germany.
EM chen.hong@ilt.fraunhofer.de; dongdonggu@nuaa.edu.cn
FU Sino-German Centre [GZ712]; National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51322509]; Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China
[BK20130035]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
[NCET-13-0854]; Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu
Province (The Industrial Part); Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science
and Technology of China [BE2014009-2]; Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities [NE2013103, NP2015206]
FX We appreciate the financial support from the Sino-German Centre (No.
GZ712), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51322509),
the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No.
BK20130035), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
(No. NCET-13-0854), the Science and Technology Support Program of
Jiangsu Province (The Industrial Part), Jiangsu Provincial Department of
Science and Technology of China (No. BE2014009-2), and the Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. NE2013103 and
NP2015206).
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NR 49
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 16
U2 120
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD MAY 21
PY 2015
VL 635
BP 118
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.03.043
PG 11
GA CI2MV
UT WOS:000354582600015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, CL
Ravi, GA
Dance, C
Ranson, A
Dilworth, S
Attallah, MM
AF Qiu, Chunlei
Ravi, G. A.
Dance, Chris
Ranson, Andrew
Dilworth, Steve
Attallah, Moataz M.
TI Fabrication of large Ti-6Al-4V structures by direct laser deposition
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloys; Additive manufacturing; Direct laser deposition; Hot
isostatic pressing; Microstructure; Fracture behaviour
ID MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS; EVOLUTION
AB Ti-6Al-4V samples have been prepared by direct laser deposition (DLD) using
varied processing conditions. Some of the as-fabricated samples were stress-
relieved or hot isostatically pressed (HIPed). The microstructures of all the
samples were characterised using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the tensile properties assessed.
It was found that a high laser power together with a reasonably low powder feed
rate was essential for achieving minimum porosity. The build height and geometrical
integrity of samples were sensitive to the specified laser nozzle moving step along
the build height direction (or Z step) with a too big Z step usually leading to a
build height smaller than specified height (or under build) and a too small Z step
to excessive building (or excess build). Particularly, scaling-up of samples
requires a smaller Z step to obtain specified build height and geometry. The as-
fabricated microstructure was characterised by columnar grains together with
martensitic needle structure and a small fraction of beta phase. This led generally
to high tensile strengths but low elongations. The vertically machined samples
showed even lower elongation than horizontally machined ones due to the presence of
large lack-of-fusion pores at interlayer interfaces. HIPing effectively closed
pores and fully transformed the martensites into lamellar alpha + beta phases,
which considerably improved ductility but caused slight reduction in strength. With
optimisation of processing conditions together with post-DLD HIPing, a couple of
large spars with structural integrity comparable to conventionally manufactured
parts have been fabricated. Pronounced distortion was observed after unclamping of
the as-fabricated structures. HIPing on the unclamped structures was found to
significantly reduce the distortion. It is suggested that DLD plus HIPing is a
feasible route for manufacturing high quality and high performance aerospace
structures. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qiu, Chunlei; Ravi, G. A.; Attallah, Moataz M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat,
Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Dance, Chris; Ranson, Andrew; Dilworth, Steve] BAE Syst Ltd, Integrated Operat
Mfg & Mat Engn Dept, New Delhi, India.
RP Attallah, MM (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Met & Mat, Birmingham B15
2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM m.m.attallah@bham.ac.uk
OI Attallah, Moataz/0000-0002-7074-9522
FU Technology Strategy Board (TSB), UK
FX The work shown in this paper was part of a SAMULET-4 project (Strategic
Affordable Manufacturing in the UK through Leading Environmental
Technologies) and was financially sponsored by Technology Strategy Board
(TSB), UK. The authors are grateful to Dr. Stephen McCaine, Dr. Kiran
Gulia and Mr. Mick Wickins for their help and assistance in this
project.
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NR 18
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 11
U2 96
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD APR 25
PY 2015
VL 629
BP 351
EP 361
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.12.234
PG 11
GA CB5WW
UT WOS:000349699700054
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Y
Cuiuri, D
Hoye, N
Li, HJ
Pan, ZX
AF Ma, Yan
Cuiuri, Dominic
Hoye, Nicholas
Li, Huijun
Pan, Zengxi
TI The effect of location on the microstructure and mechanical properties
of titanium aluminides produced by additive layer manufacturing using
in-situ alloying and gas tungsten arc welding
LA English
DT Article
DE In-situ alloying; Additive layer manufacturing; Welding; Titanium
aluminides; Microstructure; Mechanical properties
ID POWER DIODE-LASER; TIAL ALLOYS; DESIGN CONCEPTS; PART II; TI-6AL-4V;
WIRE; DEPOSITION; HARDNESS; SIZE; DEFORMATION
AB An innovative and low cost additive layer manufacturing (ALM) process is used to
produce gamma-TiAl based alloy wall components. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
provides the heat source for this new approach, combined with in-situ alloying
through separate feeding of commercially pure Ti and Al wires into the weld pool.
This paper investigates the morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of
the additively manufactured TiAl material, and how these are affected by the
location within the manufactured component The typical additively layer
manufactured morphology exhibits epitaxial growth of columnar grains and several
layer bands. The fabricated gamma-TiAl based alloy consists of comparatively large
alpha(2) grains in the near-substrate region, fully lamellar colonies with various
sizes and interdendritic gamma structure in the intermediate layer bands, followed
by fine dendrites and interdendritic gamma phases in the top region. Microhardness
measurements and tensile testing results indicated relatively homogeneous
mechanical characteristics throughout the deposited material. The exception to this
homogeneity occurs in the near-substrate region immediately adjacent to the pure Ti
substrate used in these experiments, where the alloying process is not as well
controlled as in the higher regions. The tensile properties are also different for
the vertical (build) direction and horizontal (travel) direction because of the
differing microstructure in each direction. The microstructure variation and
strengthening mechanisms resulting from the new manufacturing approach are analysed
in detail. The results demonstrate the potential to produce full density titanium
aluminide components directly using the new additive layer manufacturing method.
Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ma, Yan; Cuiuri, Dominic; Hoye, Nicholas; Li, Huijun; Pan, Zengxi] Univ
Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron Engn, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW
2522, Australia.
RP Pan, ZX (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Sch Mech Mat & Mechatron Engn, Fac
Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
OI pan, zengxi/0000-0002-1788-2543
FX This work was supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC), the
University of Wollongong and the Welding Technology Institute of
Australia (WTIA). The author is also grateful to the UOW Electron
Microscopy Centre for the use of their facilities.
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NR 60
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 7
U2 99
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD APR 17
PY 2015
VL 631
BP 230
EP 240
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2015.02.051
PG 11
GA CF6NV
UT WOS:000352674300029
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bordin, A
Bruschi, S
Ghiotti, A
Bariani, PF
AF Bordin, A.
Bruschi, S.
Ghiotti, A.
Bariani, P. F.
TI Analysis of tool wear in cryogenic machining of additive manufactured
Ti6Al4V alloy
SO WEAR
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6ALAV; Tool wear mechanisms; EDS analysis; Cryogenic machining;
Electron beam melting
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; MACHINABILITY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; TECHNOLOGIES; WROUGHT
AB Electron Beam Melting (EBM) technology applied to the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is
attracting interest in the biomedical industry since it allows producing surgical
implants requiring a reduced number of subsequent machining steps. Even if the
microstructural features of the EBM Ti6Al4V induce higher tool wear than the
wrought Ti6Al4V, no evidences can be found in literature concerning the tool wear
analysis when machining the EBM alloy, especially under dry and cryogenic cutting
conditions, which are of particular interest for the biomedical industry allowing
the reduction of the parts cleaning steps. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the
tool wear mechanisms arising when semi-finishing turning the EBM Ti6Al4V under dry
and cryogenic conditions using a coated tungsten carbide insert at varying cutting
speed and feed rate. The tool wear behaviour was investigated at fixed turning
times using different analysis techniques. Scanning electron microscopy analyses
were performed to measure the flank wear at the nose region, and energy dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy was employed to investigate the workpiece material elements
adhered on the cutting edge and rake face of the tool. 3-D optical profilometer
analysis of the rake face was carried out to evaluate the abrasive and adhesive
wear; the width of the adhered layer was measured by removing through chemical
etching the workpiece material from the insert, allowing the quantification of the
adhesive wear in comparison to the abrasive one. The obtained results demonstrate
that the higher cutting speed and feed rate the higher the tool wear; nevertheless,
it was found the cryogenic cooling allowed reducing the adhesive wear mechanism of
the workpiece material on the tool cutting surfaces in comparison with dry cutting,
proving the feasibility of utilizing the cryogenic cooling to reduce the tool wear
when machining the EBM Ti6Al4V. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bordin, A.; Bruschi, S.; Ghiotti, A.; Bariani, P. F.] Univ Padua, Dept Ind
Engn, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
RP Bordin, A (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Ind Engn, Via Venezia 1, I-35131
Padua, Italy.
EM alberto.bordin@unipd.it
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10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2008.01.008
NR 28
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 9
U2 45
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0043-1648
EI 1873-2577
J9 WEAR
JI Wear
PD APR 15
PY 2015
VL 328
BP 89
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.wear.2015.01.030
PG 11
GA CJ3CD
UT WOS:000355360100009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Beaucamp, AT
Namba, Y
Charlton, P
Jain, S
Graziano, AA
AF Beaucamp, Anthony T.
Namba, Yoshiharu
Charlton, Phillip
Jain, Samyak
Graziano, Arthur A.
TI Finishing of additively manufactured titanium alloy by shape adaptive
grinding (SAG)
SO SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY-METROLOGY AND PROPERTIES
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; surface finish; shape adaptive grinding;
titanium alloy
ID LASER
AB In recent years, rapid prototyping of titanium alloy components for medical and
aeronautics application has become viable thanks to advances in technologies such
as electron beam melting (EBM) and selective laser sintering (SLS). However, for
many applications the high surface roughness generated by additive manufacturing
techniques demands a post-finishing operation to improve the surface quality prior
to usage. In this paper, the novel shape adaptive grinding process has been applied
to finishing titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) additively manufactured by EBM and SLS. It is
shown that the micro-structured surface layer resulting from the melting process
can be removed, and the surface can then be smoothed down to less than 10 nm Ra
(starting from 4-5 mu m Ra) using only three different diamond grit sizes. This
paper also demonstrates application of the technology to freeform shapes, and
documents the dimensional accuracy of finished artifacts.
C1 [Beaucamp, Anthony T.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Micro Engn, Kyoto, Japan.
[Namba, Yoshiharu] Chubu Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Kasugai, Aichi 487, Japan.
[Charlton, Phillip; Jain, Samyak; Graziano, Arthur A.] Zeeko Ltd, Coalville,
Leics, England.
RP Beaucamp, AT (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Micro Engn, Kyoto, Japan.
CR Beaucamp A, 2011, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V60, P375, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2011.03.110
Beaucamp A, 2014, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V63, P317, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2014.03.019
Duan JH, 2011, ADV MATER RES-SWITZ, V317-319, P2454, DOI
Gibson I, 2010, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURI, P459
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2007.01.013
Mingareev I, 2013, J LASER APPL, V25, DOI 10.2351/1.4824146
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NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 18
PI BRISTOL
SN 2051-672X
J9 SURF TOPOGR-METROL
JI Surf. Topogr.-Metrol. Prop.
PD APR-JUN
PY 2015
VL 3
IS 2
DI 10.1088/2051-672X/3/2/024001
PG 9
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA CN5XJ
UT WOS:000358506500003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Fadida, R
Rittel, D
Shirizly, A
AF Fadida, Refael
Rittel, Daniel
Shirizly, Amnon
TI Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Additively Manufactured Ti6Al4V With
Controlled Voids
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; porous materials; dynamic behavior; Ti6Al4V
ID DUCTILE FRACTURE; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; GURSON MODEL; LOCALIZATION;
DEFORMATION; METALS; COALESCENCE; COMPRESSION; FAILURE; TENSION
AB The mechanical properties of additively manufactured (AM) dense and porous
Ti6Al4V specimens were investigated under static and dynamic compression. The fully
dense specimens were fabricated using laser melting process. The porous specimens
contained spherical pores with full control on the geometry and location of the
pores. The laser processed dense material exhibited superior strength in the static
and dynamic tests, compared to the same conventional material, but the ductility of
the two was comparable. Single pore specimens exhibited a linear relationship
between the load and the pore volume fraction. The comparison between single- and
double-pore specimens, at identical volume fractions, revealed the importance of
the pores' orientation with respect to the applied load.
C1 [Fadida, Refael; Shirizly, Amnon] RAFAEL, IL-3102102 Haifa, Israel.
[Rittel, Daniel] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Mech Engn, IL-3200003 Haifa,
Israel.
RP Fadida, R (reprint author), RAFAEL, POB 2250, IL-3102102 Haifa, Israel.
EM fadidarafi@gmail.com; rittel@me.technion.ac.il; a.shirizly@gmail.com
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NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 30
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
SN 0021-8936
EI 1528-9036
J9 J APPL MECH-T ASME
JI J. Appl. Mech.-Trans. ASME
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 82
IS 4
AR 041004
DI 10.1115/1.4029745
PG 9
WC Mechanics
SC Mechanics
GA CK1BU
UT WOS:000355941200004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bsat, S
Yavari, SA
Munsch, M
Valstar, ER
Zadpoor, AA
AF Bsat, Suzan
Yavari, Saber Amin
Munsch, Maximilian
Valstar, Edward R.
Zadpoor, Amir A.
TI Effect of Alkali-Acid-Heat Chemical Surface Treatment on Electron Beam
Melted Porous Titanium and Its Apatite Forming Ability
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATED BODY-FLUID; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS;
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; BONE REGENERATION; IMPLANTS; SCAFFOLDS;
BIOMATERIALS; ALLOYS; SUBSTITUTES
AB Advanced additive manufacturing techniques such as electron beam melting (EBM),
can produce highly porous structures that resemble the mechanical properties and
structure of native bone. However, for orthopaedic applications, such as joint
prostheses or bone substitution, the surface must also be bio-functionalized to
promote bone growth. In the current work, EBM porous Ti6Al4V alloy was exposed to
an alkali acid heat (AlAcH) treatment to bio-functionalize the surface of the
porous structure. Various molar concentrations (3, 5, 10M) and immersion times (6,
24 h) of the alkali treatment were used to determine optimal parameters. The
apatite forming ability of the samples was evaluated using simulated body fluid
(SBF) immersion testing. The micro-topography and surface chemistry of AlAcH
treated samples were evaluated before and after SBF testing using scanning electron
microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The AlAcH treatment
successfully modified the topographical and chemical characteristics of EBM porous
titanium surface creating nano-topographical features ranging from 200-300 nm in
size with a titania layer ideal for apatite formation. After 1 and 3 week immersion
in SBF, there was no Ca or P present on the surface of as manufactured porous
titanium while both elements were present on all AlAcH treated samples except those
exposed to 3M, 6 h alkali treatment. An increase in molar concentration and/or
immersion time of alkali treatment resulted in an increase in the number of nano-
topographical features per unit area as well as the amount of titania on the
surface.
C1 [Bsat, Suzan] Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6,
Canada.
[Bsat, Suzan; Yavari, Saber Amin; Valstar, Edward R.; Zadpoor, Amir A.] Delft
Univ Technol, Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands.
[Munsch, Maximilian] Implantcast GmbH, D-21614 Buxtehude, Germany.
[Valstar, Edward R.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, NL-2333 ZA Leiden,
Netherlands.
RP Bsat, S (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, 1125 Colonel
Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM suzanbsat@cmail.carleton.ca; S.AminYavari@tudelft.nl;
m.munsch@implantcast.de; E.R.Valstar@lumc.nl; a.a.zadpoor@tudelft.nl
RI Zadpoor, Amir A/A-8510-2008; Amin Yavari, Saber/G-9486-2013
OI Amin Yavari, Saber/0000-0003-1677-5751; Zadpoor, Amir
Abbas/0000-0003-3234-2112
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NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 41
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 8
IS 4
BP 1612
EP 1625
DI 10.3390/ma8041612
PG 14
GA CH5RD
UT WOS:000354092100017
PM 28788021
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Schickle, K
Gerardo-Nava, JL
Puidokas, S
Anavar, SS
Bergmann, C
Gingter, P
Schickle, B
Bobzin, K
Fischer, H
AF Schickle, Karolina
Gerardo-Nava, Jose L.
Puidokas, Sabrina
Anavar, Sharareh Samadian
Bergmann, Christian
Gingter, Philipp
Schickle, Benjamin
Bobzin, Kirsten
Fischer, Horst
TI Preparation of spherical calcium phosphate granulates suitable for the
biofunctionalization of active brazed titanium alloy coatings
SO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-BIOMEDIZINISCHE TECHNIK
LA English
DT Article
DE bioglass; Dolapix CE64; hydroxyapatite; TCP; trisodium citrate
ID SODIUM-CITRATE; ALUMINA; DISPERSANT; STABILITY; ZIRCONIA; POWDERS
AB Titanium-based alloys can be actively brazed onto bio-inert ceramics and
potentially be used as biocompatible coatings. To further improve their bioactivity
in vivo, introduction of calcium phosphate (CaP)-based granulates onto their
surface layer is possible. For this, mechanically stable CaP-based granulates need
to be able to withstand the demand of the brazing process. In this study, spherical
granulates, made of a calcium phosphate composite composed primarily of mu-
tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite, a bioactive glass, and a mixture of the
previous two, were manufactured by spray drying. The influence of organic additives
(Dolapix CE64, trisodium citrate) and solids content (30-80 wt%) in the slurry on
the physical characteristics of granulates was investigated. X-ray diffraction,
Brunauer, Emmett, Teller specific surface area standard method, scanning electron
micro--scopy, granulate size analysis, and single granule strength were performed.
Our results showed that trisodium citrate permitted the production of granulates
with regular morphology, high density, and increased failure stress values. The
strong granules also withstood the brazing process. These results show that CaP
bioactive agents can be generated and be integrated during the demanding
metallurgical processes, allowing for one-step bioactivation of metal brazes.
C1 [Schickle, Karolina; Gerardo-Nava, Jose L.; Bergmann, Christian; Fischer, Horst]
RWTH Aachen Univ Hosp, Dept Dent Mat & Biomat Res, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
[Puidokas, Sabrina; Anavar, Sharareh Samadian; Bobzin, Kirsten] Rhein Westfal TH
Aachen, Surface Engn Inst, D-52072 Aachen, Germany.
[Gingter, Philipp; Schickle, Benjamin] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Mineral
Engn GHI, D-52064 Aachen, Germany.
RP Gerardo-Nava, JL (reprint author), RWTH Aachen Univ Hosp, Dept Dent Mat & Biomat
Res, Pauwelsstr 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
EM jgerardonava@ukaachen.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [FI 975/16-1]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support for this
project by the German Research Foundation (DFG, grant FI 975/16-1). The
authors would like to also thank Mrs. Petra Schott and Mr. Peter Konig,
Institute of Mineral Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, for their help
with the particle size distribution measurements and the XRD analyses.
Special thanks go to Mr. Malte Schmachtenberg, Welding and Joining
Institute, RWTH Aachen University, for operating the SEM/EDX equipment.
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NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 23
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0013-5585
EI 1862-278X
J9 BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE
JI Biomed. Eng.-Biomed. Tech.
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 60
IS 2
BP 105
EP 114
DI 10.1515/bmt-2014-0017
PG 10
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Medical Informatics
SC Engineering; Medical Informatics
GA CF0GQ
UT WOS:000352221600002
PM 25389977
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Gu, DD
Chang, F
Dai, DH
AF Gu, Dongdong
Chang, Fei
Dai, Donghua
TI Selective Laser Melting Additive Manufacturing of Novel Aluminum Based
Composites With Multiple Reinforcing Phases
ASME
LA English
DT Article
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES; PROCESSING
PARAMETERS; MICROSTRUCTURE; POWDER; COMPONENTS; BEHAVIOR; WEAR;
CONSOLIDATION; ALLOYS
AB The selective laser melting (SLM), due to its unique additive manufacturing (AM)
processing manner and laser-induced nonequilibrium rapid melting/solidification
mechanism, has a promising potential in developing new metallic materials with
tailored performance. In this work, SLM of the SiC/AlSi10Mg composites was
performed to prepare the Al-based composites with the multiple reinforcing phases.
The influence of the SLM processing parameters on the constitutional phases,
microstructural features, and mechanical performance (e.g., densification,
microhardness, and wear property) of the SLM-processed Al-based composites was
studied. The reinforcing phases in the SLM-processed Al-based composites included
the unmelted micron-sized SiC particles, the in situ formed micron-sized Al4SiC4
strips, and the in situ produced submicron Al4SiC4 particles. As the input laser
energy density increased, the extent of the in situ reaction between the SiC
particles and the Al matrix increased, resulting in the larger degree of the
formation of Al4SiC4 reinforcement. The densification rate of the SLM-processed Al-
based composite parts increased as the applied laser energy density increased. The
sufficiently high density (similar to 96% theoretical density (TD)) was achieved
for the laser linear energy density larger than 1000 J/m. Due to the generation of
the multiple reinforcing phases, the elevated mechanical properties were obtained
for the SLM-processed Al-based composites, showing a high microhardness of 214
HV0.1, a considerably low coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.39, and a reduced wear
rate of 1.56 x 10 x 5 mm 3 N-1 m(-1). At an excessive laser energy input, the grain
size of the in situ formed Al4SiC4 reinforcing phase, both the strip-and particle-
structured Al4SiC4 , increased markedly. The significant grain coarsening and the
formation of the interfacial microscopic shrinkage porosity lowered the mechanical
properties of the SLM-processed Al-based composites. These findings in the present
work are applicable and/or transferrable to other laser-based powder processing
processes, e.g., laser cladding, laser metal deposition, or laser engineered net
shaping.
C1 [Gu, Dongdong; Chang, Fei; Dai, Donghua] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll
Mat Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Gu, Dongdong; Chang, Fei; Dai, Donghua] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst
Addit Mfg Printing 3D, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51322509]; Outstanding
Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20130035]; Program for
New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0854]; Science and
Department of Science and Technology of China [BE2014009-2]; Program for
Distinguished Talents of Six Domains in Jiangsu Province of China
[2013-XCL-028]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
[NE2013103, kfjj201441]; Foundation of Graduate Innovation Center in
NUAA
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51322509), the
Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No.
(No. NCET-13-0854), the Science and Technology Support Program (The
Technology of China (No. BE2014009-2), the Program for Distinguished
Talents of Six Domains in Jiangsu Province of China (No. 2013-XCL-028),
and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.
NE2013103). Fei Chang thanks the financial support from the Foundation
of Graduate Innovation Center in NUAA and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (kfjj201441).
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NR 52
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 15
U2 153
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
SN 1087-1357
EI 1528-8935
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 137
IS 2
AR 021010
DI 10.1115/1.4028925
PG 11
SC Engineering
GA CF3ID
UT WOS:000352440900011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Fuerst, J
Medlin, D
Carter, M
Sears, J
Vander Voort, G
AF Fuerst, Jacob
Medlin, Dana
Carter, Michael
Sears, James
Vander Voort, George
TI LASER Additive Manufacturing of Titanium-Tantalum Alloy Structured
Interfaces for Modular Orthopedic Devices
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID TI-TA ALLOYS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; POROUS TANTALUM; PERFORMANCE;
INGROWTH; BONE
AB Tantalum is recognized to have better biocompatibility and osseointegrative
properties than other more commonly used orthopedic grade alloys. There are several
novel methods that tantalum or tantalum-titanium could be used to augment
orthopedic implants. A tantalum or tantalum-titanium alloy at the bone/implant or
modular component interfaces would substantially increase the longevity and
performance of modular devices. Bonding a functional tantalum coating to a titanium
orthopedic device is inherently difficult because of the small difference between
the melting temperature of tantalum, 3017A degrees C, and the boiling point of
titanium, 3287A degrees C. LASER powder deposition (LPD) is a fusion operation
using an Nd:YAG to melt a small volume of substrate into which metal powder is
sprayed achieving high temperature with a high solidification rate. LPD of Ti-Ta
onto a Ti-6Al-4V substrate produced both a solid surface and structured coating
with a pore size in the optimal 350-500 mu m range.
C1 [Fuerst, Jacob; Medlin, Dana] Engn Syst Inc, Omaha, NE 68154 USA.
[Carter, Michael] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD USA.
[Sears, James] GE Co, Niskayuna, NY USA.
[Vander Voort, George] Vander Voort Consulting, Wadsworth, IL USA.
RP Fuerst, J (reprint author), Engn Syst Inc, Omaha, NE 68154 USA.
EM jdfuerst@esi-il.com; djmedlin@esi-ne.com
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NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 44
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD APR
PY 2015
VL 67
IS 4
BP 775
EP 780
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1345-4
PG 6
GA CE1QN
UT WOS:000351587000011
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Carroll, BE
Palmer, TA
Beese, AM
AF Carroll, Beth E.
Palmer, Todd A.
Beese, Allison M.
TI Anisotropic tensile behavior of Ti-6Al-4V components fabricated with
directed energy deposition additive manufacturing
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Titanium alloy; Mechanical properties;
Anisotropy; Microstructure
ID BEAM MELTING EBM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; LASER POWER; TEXTURE;
BUILDS
AB The present work investigates the anisotropic mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-
4V three-dimensional cruciform component fabricated using a directed energy
deposition additive manufacturing (AM) process. The mechanical properties of the
component in longitudinal and transverse orientations with respect to the build
layers were measured under uniaxial tension. While the average ultimate tensile
strength of similar to 1060 MPa in both directions agrees well with prior studies
on AM Ti-6Al-4V, the achieved elongations of 11% and 14% along the longitudinal and
transverse directions, respectively, are higher. The enhanced ductility is
partially attributed to the lack of pores present in these components. The
anisotropy in ductility is attributed to the columnar prior-beta grain morphology
and the presence of grain boundary alpha, which serves as a path along which damage
can preferentially accumulate, leading to fracture. In addition, the effect of
oxygen on the strength and ductility of the component was studied. The findings
indicate that a combined effect of an increase of 0.0124 wt.% oxygen and a decrease
in alpha-lath width due to differential cooling at different heights within the
component resulted in an increase of ultimate and yield strengths without a
significant loss of ductility. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that quasi-
static uniaxial tensile mechanical properties similar to those of wrought Ti-6Al-4V
can be produced in an AM component without the need for post-processing heat
treatments. (C) 2015 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Carroll, Beth E.; Palmer, Todd A.; Beese, Allison M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat
Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Palmer, Todd A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
PA 16802 USA.
EM amb961@psu.edu
OI Beese, Allison/0000-0002-7022-3387
National Science Foundation. We thank Professor Donald A. Koss for his
valuable feedback on the manuscript. We also acknowledge Mr. Jay
Tressler for fabrication of the cruciform, Mr. Griffin Jones for X-ray
CT data, and Mr. Ed Good for use of his metallurgical laboratory.
0397-x
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10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
2218-0
NR 42
TC 93
Z9 95
U1 41
U2 180
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD APR 1
PY 2015
VL 87
BP 309
EP 320
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.12.054
PG 12
Engineering
GA CC6ZO
UT WOS:000350517700030
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Yang, W
Li, XK
Zhang, X
Wang, CR
Meng, XF
Pei, YF
Fan, XL
Lan, PH
Wang, CH
Li, XJ
Guo, Z
AF Li, Yong
Yang, Wei
Li, Xiaokang
Zhang, Xing
Wang, Cairu
Meng, Xiangfei
Pei, Yifeng
Fan, Xiangli
Lan, Pingheng
Wang, Chunhui
Li, Xiaojie
Guo, Zheng
TI Improving Osteointegration and Osteogenesis of Three-Dimensional Porous
Ti6AI4V Scaffolds by Polydopamine-Assisted Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite
Coating
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE porous titanium; surface modification; polydopamine; hydroxyapatite;
osteogenesis; osteointegration
ID MUSSEL-INSPIRED POLYDOPAMINE; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; BONE MORPHOGENETIC
PROTEIN-2; IN-VIVO; TITANIUM; IMMOBILIZATION; SURFACES;
OSTEOCONDUCTIVITY; DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOBLAST
AB Titanium alloys with various porous structures can be fabricated by advanced
additive manufacturing techniques, which are attractive for use as scaffolds for
bone defect repair. However, modification of the scaffold surfaces, particularly
inner surfaces, is critical to improve the osteointegration of these scaffolds. In
this study, a biomimetic approach was employed to construct polydopamine-assisted
hydroxyapatite coating (HA/pDA) onto porous Ti6A14V scaffolds fabricated by the
electron beam melting method. The surface modification was characterized with the
field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, water
contact angle measurement, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Attachment and
proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the scaffold surface were significantly enhanced
by the HA/pDA coating compared to the unmodified surfaces. Additionally, MC3T3-E1
cells grown on the HA/pDA-coated Ti6A14V scaffolds displayed significantly higher
expression of runt-related transcription factor-2, alkaline phosphatase,
osteocalcin, osteopontin, and collagen type-1 compared with bare Ti6A14V scaffolds
after culture for 14 days. Moreover, microcomputed tomography analysis and Van-
Gieson staining of histological sections showed that HA/pDA coating on surfaces of
porous Ti6A14V scaffolds enhanced osteointegration and significantly promoted bone
regeneration after implantation in rabbit femoral condylar defects for 4 and 12
weeks. Therefore, this study provides an alternative to biofunctionalized porous
T16A14V scaffolds with improved osteointegration and osteogenesis functions for
orthopedic applications.
C1 [Li, Yong; Yang, Wei; Li, Xiaokang; Wang, Cairu; Meng, Xiangfei; Pei, Yifeng;
Fan, Xiangli; Lan, Pingheng; Wang, Chunhui; Li, Xiaojie; Guo, Zheng] Fourth Mil Med
Univ, Xijing Hosp, Dept Orthoped, Xian 710032, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Xing] Chinese Acad Sci, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Inst Met Res,
Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
RP Guo, Z (reprint author), Fourth Mil Med Univ, Xijing Hosp, Dept Orthoped, Xian
710032, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
EM guozheng@fmmu.edu.cn
FU Research Fund for the National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51271199]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [81171773];
National High-tech R&D Program (863 Program) [2015AA033702];
Coordinative and Innovative Engineering Projects of Science and
Technology of Shaanxi Province [2012KTCG01-14]
FX This work was supported by the Research Fund for the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (No. 51271199), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 81171773), the National High-tech R&D Program
(863 Program, No. 2015AA033702), and the Coordinative and Innovative
Engineering Projects of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province (No.
2012KTCG01-14).
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NR 50
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 17
U2 108
PI WASHINGTON
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD MAR 18
PY 2015
VL 7
IS 10
BP 5715
EP 5724
DI 10.1021/acsami.5b00331
PG 10
GA CD9LR
UT WOS:000351420300013
PM 25711714
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Khodorenko, VN
Kaftaranova, MI
Gunther, VE
AF Khodorenko, V. N.
Kaftaranova, M. I.
Gunther, V. E.
TI The effect of copper doping on martensite shear stress in porous
TiNi(Mo,Fe,Cu) alloys
SO TECHNICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The properties of alloys based on porous nickel-titanium (TiNi) with copper
additives have been studied. It is established that the copper doping of porous
TiNi(Mo,Fe,Cu) alloys fabricated by the method of self-propagating high-temperature
synthesis leads to a significant decrease in the martensite shear stress (below 30
MPa). Low values of the martensite shear stress (sigma(min)) in copper-doped TiNi-
based alloys allows medical implants of complex shapes to be manufactured for
various purposes, including oral surgery. The optimum concentration of copper
additives (within 3-6 at %) has been determined that ensures high performance
characteristics of TiNi-based porous alloys for medical implants.
C1 [Khodorenko, V. N.; Kaftaranova, M. I.; Gunther, V. E.] Tomsk State Univ, Inst
Med Mat & Shape Memory Implants, Siberian Physicotech Inst, Tomsk 634045, Russia.
RP Khodorenko, VN (reprint author), Tomsk State Univ, Inst Med Mat & Shape Memory
Implants, Siberian Physicotech Inst, Tomsk 634045, Russia.
EM soldatovam@sibmail.com
RI Gunter, Viktor/O-6678-2014; Khodorenko, Valentina/P-2247-2016
FU program "Increasing the Competitiveness of Tomsk State University"
FX This work was performed and supported in the framework of the program
"Increasing the Competitiveness of Tomsk State University."
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NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7850
EI 1090-6533
J9 TECH PHYS LETT+
JI Tech. Phys. Lett.
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 41
IS 3
BP 294
EP 297
DI 10.1134/S1063785015030220
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA CH5SQ
UT WOS:000354096000025
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YY
Gulizia, S
Oh, CH
Doblin, C
Yang, YF
Qian, M
AF Sun, Y. Y.
Gulizia, S.
Oh, C. H.
Doblin, C.
Yang, Y. F.
Qian, M.
TI Manipulation and Characterization of a Novel Titanium Powder Precursor
for Additive Manufacturing Applications
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID BEAM MELTING EBM; LASER; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE; FABRICATION; DENSITY
AB Lowering the cost of feedstock powder has been a major issue for wider
applications of additive manufacturing (AM) of titanium (Ti) and its alloys. A
novel and inexpensive Ti sponge material was selected as a precursor and processed
using a CSIRO proprietary powder manipulation technology (PMT). The manipulated
powder was characterized in terms of the particle size distribution (PSD),
roundness, flowability in the Hall Funnel flowmeter, static angle of repose (AOR),
apparent density and tap density. In addition, a universal powder bed (UPB) system
was used to characterize the manipulated powder behavior after raking. Two
benchmark powders, virgin Arcam Ti-6Al-4V powder and used Arcam Ti-6Al-4V powder,
were assessed for a comparison. PMT processing of the Ti powder precursor produced
near spherically shaped Ti powder in the size range of 75-106 A mu m, which
performed very similarly to the used Arcam powder in the UPB system. The CSIRO PMT
offers a cost-effective manipulation process to produce Ti powder promising for AM
applications, while the UPB system allows a quick assessment of the powder
spreading behavior in AM processes.
C1 [Sun, Y. Y.; Yang, Y. F.; Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg, Sch Aerosp Mech &
Mfg Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Gulizia, S.; Oh, C. H.; Doblin, C.] CSIRO, Mfg Flagship, Melbourne, Vic 3168,
Australia.
RP Sun, YY (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Ctr Addit Mfg, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn,
EM yingying.sun@csiro.au; stefan.gulizia@csiro.au; ma.qian@rmit.edu.au
FU China Scholarship Council; RMIT University; Australian Research Council
(ARC) through Linkage Projects program [ARC LP140100608]
FX Y.Y. Sun acknowledges a scholarship received from the China Scholarship
Council and a fee waiver scholarship offered by the RMIT University. M.
Qian acknowledges the the support from the Australian Research Council
(ARC) through the Linkage Projects program under ARC LP140100608.
CR AMETEK Inc, MET POWD
Arcam AB Inc, 2012, NEW 50 MUM PROC HIGH
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.05.002
10.1016/j.msea.2009.02.019
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Donachie M. J., 2000, TITANIUM TECHNICAL G, P47
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10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.06.010
0136(02)00865-8
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Withers J., 2014, PM2014 WORLD C ORL F
Xu W, 2015, JOM-US, V67, P668, DOI 10.1007/s11837-015-1297-8
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 67
IS 3
BP 564
EP 572
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1301-3
PG 9
GA CC3ID
UT WOS:000350239400012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tong, JB
Lu, X
Liu, CC
Wang, LN
Qu, XH
AF Tong, J. B.
Lu, X.
Liu, C. C.
Wang, L. N.
Qu, X. H.
TI Compact Process for the Preparation of Microfine Spherical
High-Niobium-Containing TiAl Alloy Powders
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH NB; THERMAL PLASMA; TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; SPHEROIDIZATION;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIORS; POROSITY; CREEP; TORCH
AB High-Nb-containing TiAl alloys are a new generation of materials for high-
temperature structural applications because of their superior high-temperature
mechanical properties. The alloy powders can be widely used for additive
manufacturing, thermal spraying, and powder metallurgy. Because of the difficulty
of making microfine spherical alloy powders in quantity by conventional techniques,
a compact method was proposed, which consisted of two-step ball milling of
elemental powders and subsequent radio frequency (RF) argon plasma spheroidization.
In comparison with conventional mechanical alloying techniques, the two-step
milling process can be used to prepare alloy powders with uniform scale in a short
milling time with no addition of process control agent. This makes the process
effective and less contaminating. After RF argon plasma spheroidization, the
powders produced exhibit good sphericity, and the number-average diameter is about
8.2 mu m with a symmetric unimodal particle size distribution. The powders perform
high composition homogeneity and contain predominately supersaturated alpha (2)-
Ti3Al phase. The oxygen and carbon contents of the spheroidized powder are 0.47%
and 0.050%, respectively.
C1 [Tong, J. B.; Lu, X.; Liu, C. C.; Wang, L. N.; Qu, X. H.] Univ Sci & Technol
Beijing, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Lu, X.; Wang, L. N.; Qu, X. H.] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Inst Adv Mat &
Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Tong, JB (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Mat Sci & Engn,
EM luxin@ustb.edu.cn; quxh@ustb.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51204015]; Aeronautical
Science Foundation of China [2013ZE74004]
FX This research was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation
of China (No. 51204015) and Aeronautical Science Foundation of China
(No. 2013ZE74004).
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10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.11.007
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Zhao LL, 2010, INTERMETALLICS, V18, P1586, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.04.012
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 67
IS 3
BP 573
EP 579
DI 10.1007/s11837-015-1303-1
PG 7
GA CC3ID
UT WOS:000350239400013
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kottman, M
Zhang, SJ
McGuffin-Cawley, J
Denney, P
Narayanan, BK
AF Kottman, Michael
Zhang, Shenjia
McGuffin-Cawley, James
Denney, Paul
Narayanan, Badri K.
TI Laser Hot Wire Process: A Novel Process for Near-Net Shape Fabrication
for High-Throughput Applications
SO JOM
LA English
DT Article
ID FREEFORM FABRICATION; METAL-DEPOSITION; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB The laser hot wire process has gained considerable interest for additive
manufacturing applications, leveraging its high deposition rate, low dilution,
thermal stability, and general metallurgical control including the ability to
introduce and preserve desired meta-stable phases. Recent advancements in closed-
loop process control and laser technology have increased productivity, process
stability, and control of deposit metallurgy. The laser hot wire process has shown
success in several applications: repairing and rejuvenating casting dies,
depositing a variety of alloys including abrasion wear-resistant overlays with
solid and tubular wires, and producing low-dilution (< 5%) nickel alloy overlays
for corrosion applications. The feasibility of fabricating titanium buildups is
being assessed for aerospace applications.
C1 [Kottman, Michael; Zhang, Shenjia; Denney, Paul; Narayanan, Badri K.] Lincoln
Elect Co, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA.
[McGuffin-Cawley, James] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
RP Kottman, M (reprint author), Lincoln Elect Co, Cleveland, OH 44113 USA.
EM shenjia_zhang@lincolnelectric.com
RI Zhang, Shenjia/L-8297-2015
OI Zhang, Shenjia/0000-0002-1489-0054
FU America Makes [4007, 4032]
FX The application of a laser hot wire to additive manufacturing has been
enabled by a research project funded by America Makes (formally the
National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute) under Project
4007: "Qualifying AM Processes and Procedures for Repurposing and
Rejuvenation of Die-Cast Tooling" (D. Schwam, PI) and Project 4032:
"High Throughput Functional Material Deposition Using Laser Hot Wire"
(J. McGuffin-Cawley). Ti-6Al-4V buildup chemical analysis and substrate
material was provided by RTI International Metals Inc., who is also team
member of America Makes Project 4032.
CR Amano RS, 2011, MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT, V528, P6680, DOI
10.1016/j.msea.2011.05.036
Brandi E., 2008, WIRE INSTEAD POWDER
Choi DS, 2001, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V113, P273, DOI 10.1016/S0924-
0136(01)00652-5
Kong CY, 2010, PHYSCS PROC, V5, P379, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2010.08.159
Kottman M., 2014, THESIS CASE W RESERV
Luetjering G., 2007, TITANIUM
Mehnen J., 2011, P 20 CIRP DES C, P721
PHILLIPS RH, 1992, WELD J, V71, pS201
Schelev A., 1988, WELDING INTER, V2, P462
Schwam D., 2014, DIE CAST ENG, V32
Solman P., 2014, FINANCIAL TIMES, P9
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2004.11.021
Taminger K. M. B., 2002, P 13 SOL FREEF FABR, P482
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 25
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1047-4838
EI 1543-1851
J9 JOM-US
JI JOM
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 67
IS 3
BP 622
EP 628
DI 10.1007/s11837-014-1288-1
PG 7
GA CC3ID
UT WOS:000350239400020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Cue, C
Ge, WJ
Lin, F
AF Cue, Chao
Ge, Wenjun
Lin, Feng
TI Dual-Material Electron Beam Selective Melting: Hardware Development and
Validation Studies
SO ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; electron beam; selective melting; gradient
materials; titanium alloy; TiAl alloy
AB Electron beam selective melting (EBSM) is an additive manufacturing technique
that directly fabricates three-dimensional parts in a layerwise fashion by using an
electron beam to scan and melt metal powder. In recent years, EBSM has been
successfully used in the additive manufacturing of a variety of materials. Previous
research focused on the EBSM process of a single material. In this study, a novel
EBSM process capable of building a gradient structure with dual metal materials was
developed, and a powder-supplying method based on vibration was put forward. Two
different powders can be supplied individually and then mixed. Two materials were
used in this study: Ti6Al4V powder and Ti47Al2Cr2Nb powder. Ti6Al4V has excellent
strength and plasticity at room temperature, while Ti47Al2Cr2Nb has excellent
performance at high temperature, but is very brittle. A Ti6Al4V/Ti47Al2Cr2Nb
gradient material was successfully fabricated by the developed system. The
microstructures and chemical compositions were characterized by optical microscopy,
scanning microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. Results showed that the
interface thickness was about 300 pm. The interface was free of cracks, and the
chemical compositions exhibited a stAlrcase-like change within the interface.
C1 [Cue, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing
[Cue, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Adv Mat Proc Technol,
Minist Educ China, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Cue, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Biomfg & Rapid Forming Technol
Key Lab, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, F (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Biomfg & Rapid Forming Technol Key Lab,
EM linfeng@tsinghua.edu.cn
FU Beijing Science and Technology Development [D13110400300000,
D131100003013002]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding of 2013 Beijing
Science and Technology Development Project (D13110400300000 and
D131100003013002).
CR Banerjee R, 2004, ACTA MATER, V52, P377, DOI 10.1016/j.actamat.2003.09.038
Chen Y., 2012, MAT REV, V26, P267
Cormier D., 2008, ADV MATER SCI ENG, V2007, P6822
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2095-8099
EI 2096-0026
J9 ENGINEERING
JI Engineering
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 1
IS 1
BP 124
EP 130
DI 10.15302/J-ENG-2015013
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA V9G9E
UT WOS:000422301300021
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Guo, C
Ge, WJ
Lin, F
AF Guo, Chao
Ge, Wenjun
Lin, Feng
TI Effects of scanning parameters on material deposition during Electron
Beam Selective Melting of Ti-6Al-4V powder
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron Beam Selective Melting; Material
deposition; Titanium alloy; Microstructures
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL FABRICATION; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY;
MICROSTRUCTURE; EBM; TECHNOLOGY; IMPLANTS; TEXTURE; LASER
AB Electron Beam Selective Melting (EBSM) is an additive manufacturing technique
that directly fabricates three dimensional parts in a layerwise fashion by using an
electron beam to scan and melt the metal powder. In this study, the scanning
parameters including beam current, scanning velocity and scanning line length were
varied in a wide range of 2-18 mA, 250-2000 mm/s and 2-50 mm, respectively. The
built samples of Ti-6Al-4V were characterized regarding the upper surface
appearance, macro and microstructures and composition change. It was found that the
built samples can be classified into three types: (I) porous surface with internal
cavities; (II) dense and flat surface with pores at edge; and (III) significantly
wavy surface. An increase in beam current, a decrease in scanning velocity or a
decrease in the scanning line length, led to an evolution from type I to type II
and finally to type III. The effects of beam current and scanning velocity can be
evaluated by a combined parameter: energy density. The scanning frequency also has
a significant impact on the extent of heat concentration, and thus affects the
material deposition. In the samples of type II and III, the alpha'-martensite
within the top region proves that the primary beta phase firstly transforms into
alpha'-martensite and then decomposes into alpha/beta phase in continued building
cycle. The causes of defects during the EBSM were also discussed. (C) 2014
C1 [Guo, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beijing
[Guo, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Minist Educ China, Key Lab Adv
Mat Proc Technol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Chao; Ge, Wenjun; Lin, Feng] Tsinghua Univ, Biomfg & Rapid Forming Technol
Key Lab Beijing, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Lin, F (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Room 420,West Main Bldg, Beijing 100084,
Peoples R China.
EM linfeng@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Lin, Feng/K-7906-2012
OI Lin, Feng/0000-0003-1855-504X
FU Beijing Science and Technology Development Project [D13110400300000,
D131100003013002]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the funding of 2013 Beijing
Science and Technology Development Project, Nos. D13110400300000 and
D131100003013002.
0397-x
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.05.002
Beaman J.J., 1997, SOLID FREEFORM FABRI, P205
Cormier D., 2008, ADV MATER SCI ENG, V2007, P6822
10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.022
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2013.06.010
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.03.013
Milberg J, 2008, PROD ENG-RES DEV, V2, P117, DOI 10.1007/s11740-008-0088-2
Rayleigh L., 1878, P LOND MATH SOC, V1, P4, DOI DOI 10.1112/PLMS/S1-10.1.4
Shen N., 2012, 23 ANN INT SOL FREEF, P774
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 104
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD MAR
PY 2015
VL 217
BP 148
EP 157
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.11.010
PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA AY5AM
UT WOS:000347585900015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Xu, W
Brandt, M
Sun, S
Elambasseril, J
Liu, Q
Latham, K
Xia, K
Qian, M
AF Xu, W.
Brandt, M.
Sun, S.
Elambasseril, J.
Liu, Q.
Latham, K.
Xia, K.
Qian, M.
TI Additive manufacturing of strong and ductile Ti-6Al-4V by selective
laser melting via in situ martensite decomposition
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloy; Selective laser melting; Phase transformation;
ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; ALLOY TI-6AL-4V; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; METALS; BUILDS; PARTS
AB Novel ultrafine lamellar (alpha + beta) microstructures comprising ultrafine
(similar to 200-300 nm) alpha-laths and retained beta phases were created via
promoting in situ decomposition of a near alpha' martensitic structure in Ti-6Al-4V
additively manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). As a consequence, the
total tensile elongation to failure reached 11.4% while maintaining high yield
strength above 1100 MPa, superior to both conventional SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V
containing non-equilibrium acicular alpha' martensite and conventional mill-
annealed Ti-6Al-4V. The formation and decomposition of alpha' martensite in
additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V was studied via specially designed experiments
including single-track deposition, multi-layer deposition and post-SLM heat
treatment. The essential SLM additive manufacturing conditions for Ti-6Al-4V
including layer thickness, focal offset distance and energy density, under which a
near alpha' martensitic structure forms in each layer and then in situ transforms
into ultrafine lamellar (alpha + beta) structures, were determined. This is the
first fundamental effort that has realized complete in situ martensite
decomposition in SLM-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V for outstanding mechanical properties.
(C) 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xu, W.; Brandt, M.; Sun, S.; Elambasseril, J.; Qian, M.] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp
Mech & Mfg Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Liu, Q.] Def Sci & Technol Org, Fishermans Bend, Vic 3207, Australia.
[Latham, K.] RMIT Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Xia, K.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
RP Xu, W (reprint author), RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Ctr Addit Mfg,
EM wei.xu2@rmit.edu.au; ma.qian@rmit.edu.au
RI Xu, Wei/G-6302-2012
OI Sun, Shoujin/0000-0002-0220-6956; LATHAM, KAY/0000-0002-5603-6905
FU SAMME Emerging Researcher Seed Fund at RMIT University
FX The RMIT Centre for Additive Manufacturing is created by the RMIT
University to generate critical research mass in advanced manufacturing
technology and design to serve both the Victorian and Australian
manufacturing industry. WX thanks the SAMME Emerging Researcher Seed
Fund at RMIT University for financial support. The authors thank RMIT
Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF) for providing access to
advanced electron microscopy.
5093(97)00802-2
0397-x
ASM International, 2002, ATL STRESS STRAIN CU
[Anonymous], 2008, F147208A ASTM INT
x
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Kusabiraki K, 1997, OXID MET, V48, P289, DOI 10.1007/BF01670504
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NR 34
TC 88
Z9 91
U1 51
U2 271
PI OXFORD
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD FEB 15
PY 2015
VL 85
BP 74
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.11.028
PG 11
Engineering
GA CA5OD
UT WOS:000348956800008
HC Y
HP N
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sercombe, TB
Xu, XX
Challis, VJ
Green, R
Yue, S
Zhang, ZY
Lee, PD
AF Sercombe, Timothy B.
Xu, Xiaoxue
Challis, V. J.
Green, Richard
Yue, Sheng
Zhang, Ziyu
Lee, Peter D.
TI Failure modes in high strength and stiffness to weight scaffolds
produced by Selective Laser Melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective Laser Melting; X-ray computed tomography; Titanium alloys;
Porous material; Finite-element analysis
ID MANUFACTURED TITANIUM IMPLANTS; X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; DEFORMATION-BEHAVIOR;
ALUMINUM FOAMS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; POROUS STRUCTURES; PORE STRUCTURE; FABRICATION
AB The production of porous scaffold structures using additive manufacturing is
becoming widespread, however a detailed understanding of the scaffold failure
mechanisms is lacking. In this research, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is used to
produce Ti-6Al-4V scaffold structures consisting of a regular array of unit cells
previously designed using topology optimisation. Interrupted compression testing
and subsequent X-Ray Micro Tomography (XMT) characterisation is used to study the
deformation and failure of the scaffolds for a range of solid fractions. Further,
the XMT data of the unloaded scaffolds is used to generate meshes for finite
element analysis which allowed direct comparison of desired and as built behaviour.
Likely failure sites predicted from the finite element analysis compare favourably
with the experimentally observed ones. Failure is initiated in areas that exhibit
the greatest tensile stress, while the onset of the commonly observed layered
failure occurs afterwards. The XMT of the unloaded scaffolds also highlights the
inaccuracies in the SLM build process, which contributes to stress concentrations
in the horizontal arms within the scaffolds. The results indicate that although the
strength of the topology optimised structures is very high, further refinement in
both the unit cell design and build quality would further increase the strength.
(C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sercombe, Timothy B.; Xu, Xiaoxue] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem
Engn, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Challis, V. J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, St Lucia, Qld 4072,
Australia.
[Green, Richard; Yue, Sheng; Lee, Peter D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester
M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Zhang, Ziyu] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7
2BP, England.
RP Sercombe, TB (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn,
Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
EM tim.sercombe@uwa.edu.au; peter.lee@manchester.ac.uk
RI Lee, Peter/R-2323-2016; Challis, Vivien/A-5319-2011
OI Lee, Peter/0000-0002-3898-8881; Challis, Vivien/0000-0001-6240-5319
FU Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility; Research Complex at Harwell - EPSRC
[EP/I02249X/1]; Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects
[DP110101653]
FX This work was made possible by the facilities and support provided by
the Manchester X-ray Imaging Facility and the Research Complex at
Harwell, funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/I02249X/1) and the Australian
Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme (project number
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NR 48
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 95
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD FEB 15
PY 2015
VL 67
BP 501
EP 508
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.063
PG 8
GA AX3PT
UT WOS:000346852100058
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, YY
Tian, XJ
Li, J
Wang, HM
AF Zhu, Yanyan
Tian, Xiangjun
Li, Jia
Wang, Huaming
TI The anisotropy of laser melting deposition additive manufacturing
Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
ID POWER DIODE-LASER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PART I; TI-6AL-4V;
MICROSTRUCTURE; WIRE; EVOLUTION; TEXTURE
AB The anisotropy of laser melting deposition additive manufacturing Ti-6.5Al-
3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si was studied by microstructure observation and room tensile
properties testing. The as-deposited sample exhibits a strong tensile anisotropy
due to the columnar grains morphology and the strong texture of beta [001] parallel
to the deposition direction. Annealing in the upper alpha + beta region has little
effect on the grain morphology and the anisotropy. However, annealing in the single
beta region transforms the grain morphology from columnar to equiaxed which
substantially reduces the tensile anisotropy to a very low level. (C) 2014 Elsevier
C1 [Zhu, Yanyan; Tian, Xiangjun; Li, Jia; Wang, Huaming] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci
& Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Xiangjun; Li, Jia; Wang, Huaming] Beihang Univ, Natl Engn Lab Addit Mfg
Large Metall Components N, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, HM (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd,
EM wanghm@buaa.edu.cn
FU State Key Development Programs for Basic Research of China
[2011CB606305]
FX The work was financially supported by the State Key Development Programs
for Basic Research of China (Grant No. 2011CB606305).
0397-x
x
[Anonymous], 2009, 689212009 ISO
0136(02)00865-8
5093(97)00778-8
Martina F, 2013, IMPROVED MICROSTRUCT, P490
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NR 24
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 11
U2 84
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD FEB 15
PY 2015
VL 67
BP 538
EP 542
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.11.001
PG 5
GA AX3PT
UT WOS:000346852100062
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yang, R
AF Yang Rui
TI ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES OF TiAl BASE ALLOYS
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE gamma-TiAl intermetallic alloy; cost-effective processing route;
application; future challenge
ID GAMMA-TITANIUM ALUMINIDES; ORDERED INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS; LOW-CYCLE
FATIGUE; AL BINARY-SYSTEM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXIDATION BEHAVIOR;
PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; CREEP-BEHAVIOR; PST CRYSTALS; HOT-WORKING
AB The history of research and development of gamma- TiAl intermetallic alloys was
outlined and divided into 4 stages: starting (1974 similar to 1985), revolutionary
(1986 similar to 1995), emerging (1996 similar to 2005) and specialty materials
(2006 similar to). Major events and landmarks at the different stages were
recounted to provide a framework for understanding scientific and technological
progress. Key advances in the following 6 areas were reviewed: alloying,
microstructure type, primary processing (melting), secondary processing (hot
working), properties (including creep, fracture and fatigue, and oxidation), and
tertiary processing (forming, covering both investment casting and near-net shape
powder metallurgy). Future challenges were identified as follows: improvement of
centrifugal casting technology, low-cost wrought process, development of third-
generation alloys that meet design specifications, new applications based on new
technologies, and viability of new forming routes such as additive manufacturing.
C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, R (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang 110016,
Peoples R China.
EM ryang@imr.ac.cn
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PG 19
GA CB3HE
UT WOS:000349518000001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU McAndrew, AR
Colegrove, PA
Addison, AC
Flipo, BCD
Russell, MJ
AF McAndrew, Anthony R.
Colegrove, Paul A.
Addison, Adrian C.
Flipo, Bertrand C. D.
Russell, Michael J.
TI Modelling the influence of the process inputs on the removal of surface
contaminants from Ti-6Al-4V linear friction welds
LA English
DT Article
DE Linear friction welding; Additive manufacture; Modelling
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; HOT-WORKING; FORCE ANALYSIS;
CARBON-STEEL; MICROSTRUCTURE; TEMPERATURE; DEFORMATION; VALIDATION;
EVOLUTION
AB The linear friction welding (LFW) process is finding increasing interest from
industry for the fabrication of near-net-shape, titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, aerospace
components. Currently, the removal of surface contaminants, such as oxides and
foreign particles, from the weld interface into the flash is not fully understood.
To address this problem, two-dimensional (2D) computational models were developed
using the finite element analysis (FEA) software DEFORM and validated with
experiments. The key findings showed that the welds made with higher applied forces
required less burn-off to completely remove the surface contaminants from the
interface into the flash; the interface temperature increased as the applied force
was decreased or the rubbing velocity increased; and the boundary temperature
between the rapid flash formation and negligible material flow was approximately
970 degrees C. An understanding of these phenomena is of particular interest for
the industrialisation of near-net-shape titanium alloy aerospace components. (C)
2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McAndrew, Anthony R.; Colegrove, Paul A.; Addison, Adrian C.] Cranfield Univ,
Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England.
[Flipo, Bertrand C. D.; Russell, Michael J.] TWI Ltd, Cambridge CB21 6AL,
England.
RP McAndrew, AR (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds,
England.
EM a.r.mcandrew@cranfield.ac.uk
OI McAndrew, Anthony/0000-0002-3632-5347
FU Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); Boeing
Company; The Welding Institute (TWI)
FX The authors would like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences
Research Council (EPSRC), The Boeing Company and The Welding Institute
(TWI) for funding the research presented in this paper. Also, the advice
provided by Dr. Richard Turner of the University of Birmingham, Mr.
James Farrar of Wilde Analysis Ltd. and Mr. David Bolser of The Boeing
Company was greatly appreciated.
CR Addison AC., 2008, 8942008 TWI
Addison AC., 2010, 9612010 TWI
5093(97)00802-2
Askeland D, 2006, SCI ENG MAT
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3
Fan XG, 2011, INT J PLASTICITY, V27, P1833, DOI 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.05.008
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4
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NR 47
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 7
U2 73
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0264-1275
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD FEB 5
PY 2015
VL 66
BP 183
EP 195
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.10.058
PN A
PG 13
GA AU3OK
UT WOS:000345522900023
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Hagemann, R
Noelke, C
Rau, T
Kaierle, S
Overmeyer, L
Wesling, V
Wolkers, W
AF Hagemann, Ronny
Noelke, Christian
Rau, Thomas
Kaierle, Stefan
Overmeyer, Ludger
Wesling, Volker
Wolkers, Wim
TI Design, processing, and characterization of nickel titanium
micro-actuators for medical implants
LA English
DT Article
DE selective laser melting; shape memory alloy; medical implants; NiTi; DSC
AB Cochlear implants (CI) are complex medical implants used as a common therapeutic
measure for deaf people who suffer from damage to the inner ear. The success of CI
insertion, a manual surgery procedure, is highly dependent on the surgeon's
experience. Additionally, more precise positioning of the electrode close to the
membrane structures could increase the effectiveness of frequency selectivity and
stimulus conduction. To overcome these limitations, the degree of deformation of
the electrode during its insertion has to be controllable. This ability can be
achieved by integrating micro-actuator elements of a nickel titanium (NiTi) shape
memory alloy (SMA) inside the electrode. These elements are manufactured using
selective laser micromelting (SL mu M). Initially, different concepts of activation
mechanisms for SMA actuators for CI electrodes are discussed. Following the rules
of additive manufacturing on a microscale, the corresponding actuator design and
manufacturing strategies are presented. Suitable SL mu M process parameters to
achieve high spatial resolution are identified. Due to the high process
temperatures, material chemical properties, respectively, its functional behavior,
may be affected using SL mu M. Therefore, analyses of SL mu M NiTi parts
manufactured using carrier gas hot extraction as well as differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) are carried out. Force measurements verify the available recovery
forces of the produced micro-actuators activated thermally by one way effect. A
suitable additive manufacturing strategy that allows the repeatable production of
micro-actuators at a resolution of less than 100 mu m could be evaluated. Different
anatomical geometries could be transferred from clinical data model to the
manufacturing process. The processed NiTi parts meet the requirements of the ASTM
F2063 concerning oxygen inclusion, which is an important condition to preserve
shape memory functionality. DSC analyses reflect stable functional properties of
the processed NiTi alloy independent of the adjusted laser parameters. Phase
transformation of actuators could be actively proved using electrical current and
passively using an external heat source. (C) 2015 Laser Institute of America.
C1 [Hagemann, Ronny; Noelke, Christian; Kaierle, Stefan; Overmeyer, Ludger] Laser
Zentrum Hannover eV, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
[Rau, Thomas] Hannover Med Sch, Inst Audioneurotechnol, D-30625 Hannover,
Germany.
[Wesling, Volker] Tech Univ Clausthal, Inst Schweisstech & Trennende
Fertigungsverfahren, D-38678 Clausthal Zellerfeld, Germany.
[Wolkers, Wim] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Mehrphasenprozesse, D-30167 Hannover,
Germany.
RP Hagemann, R (reprint author), Laser Zentrum Hannover eV, Hollerithallee 8, D-
30419 Hannover, Germany.
FU Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [16SV3944]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding of the presented work by the
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the research
project GentleCI (16SV3944).
Bhattacharya K., 2003, OXFORD SERIES MAT MO, V2
Bormann T., 2012, BEEINFLUSSUNG EIGENS
Chen BK, 2007, IFMBE PROC, V15, P607
Dudziak S, 2010, PHYSCS PROC, V5, P607, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2010.08.088
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Roland Peter S, 2006, Adv Otorhinolaryngol, V64, P11
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 33
PI MELVILLE
SN 1042-346X
EI 1938-1387
J9 J LASER APPL
JI J. Laser Appl.
PD FEB
PY 2015
VL 27
SU 2
SI SI
AR S29203
DI 10.2351/1.4906381
PG 8
GA CC7JV
UT WOS:000350544500032
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Regis, M
Marin, E
Fedrizzi, L
Pressacco, M
AF Regis, M.
Marin, E.
Fedrizzi, L.
Pressacco, M.
TI Additive manufacturing of Trabecular Titanium orthopedic implants
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FATIGUE-CRACK GROWTH; ELECTRON-BEAM; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS
TANTALUM; BIOMATERIALS; TI-6AL-4V; ALLOYS; ALPHA
AB The long-term success of an orthopedic implant largely depends on the extent of
its osseointegration in the surrounding bone. During recent decades, there have
been several attempts to develop porous structures and coatings in order to
maximize the bone ingrowth on prosthesis surfaces. Innovative additive
manufacturing technologies, such as electron beam melting (EBM), which are based
upon building components by adding layers of material rather than by removing
material from a raw shape, can provide a breakthrough solution, both to overcome
the major limitations of the actual technologies and to significantly enhance the
performance of porous scaffolds. This article reviews the latest developments in
EBM technology applied to the preparation of highly biocompatible porous materials
such as Trabecular Titanium and the production of orthopedic prostheses with
enhanced characteristics.
C1 [Regis, M.; Pressacco, M.] Lima Corp, Milan, Italy.
[Marin, E.; Fedrizzi, L.] Univ Udine, Chem Phys & Ambient Dept, I-33100 Udine,
Italy.
RP Regis, M (reprint author), Lima Corp, Milan, Italy.
EM marco.regis@limacorporate.com; elia.marin@uniud.it;
lorenzo.fedrizzi@uniud.it; michele.pressacco@limacorporate.com
OI Fedrizzi, Lorenzo/0000-0002-1218-2011; Marin, Elia/0000-0002-0981-7821;
Regis, Marco/0000-0003-4595-8303
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Bistolfi A., 2014, MINERVA ORTHOP TRAUM, V65, P199
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Bonutti P.M., 2013, ORTHOPEDICS, V36, P417
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10.1016/j.msea.2008.04.002
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Gilmour L., 2009, P C MEEDDEV MEMPH, P129
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10.1016/j.nimb.2005.07.142
Kalpakjian S., 2009, MANUFACTURING ENG TE
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10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.04.041
Marin E., 2010, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V3, P790
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5093(97)00806-X
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0248(02)00471-3
Schneider S, 2002, INT J THERMOPHYS, V23, P1241, DOI 10.1023/A:1019896321431
Sollazzo V., 2012, J ORTHOP TRAUMATOL, V13, P107
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4636(2001)58:2<180::AID-JBM1005>3.3.CO;2-X
NR 41
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 42
PI NEW YORK
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD FEB
PY 2015
VL 40
IS 2
BP 137
EP 144
DI 10.1557/mrs.2015.1
PG 8
GA CB5SB
UT WOS:000349686700014
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Akinlabi, ET
Akinlabi, SA
AF Akinlabi, Esther T.
Akinlabi, Stephen A.
BE Ao, SI
Gelman, L
Hukins, DWL
Hunter, A
Korsunsky, AM
TI Characterization of Functionally Graded Commercially Pure Titanium
(CPTI) and Titanium Carbide (TiC) Powders
SO WORLD CONGRESS ON ENGINEERING, WCE 2015, VOL II
SE Lecture Notes in Engineering and Computer Science
LA English
CT World Congress on Engineering (WCE 2015)
CY JUL 01-03, 2015
CL Imperial Coll, London, ENGLAND
SP Int Assoc Engn
HO Imperial Coll
DE Functional Graded Materials; Laser Metal Deposition; Microstructure;
Micro-hardness; Titanium and Titanium Carbide
ID LASER-DEPOSITED TI-6AL-4V; DIRECT METAL-DEPOSITION;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITE
AB Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) are advanced materials fabricated using
additive manufacturing techniques. It belongs to a class of advanced material
characterization in which the properties of the material composition is varied. The
resulting property of the composite is always different from the properties of the
individual material employed in the formation of the composite. They are known to
also exhibit good mechanical and chemical properties and as such, are used for
different industrial applications. One of the techniques employed in the
fabrication of FGMs is called Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) technique. It uses laser
beam to melt powder material on a substrate forming a melt pool that solidifies
upon cooling. This paper reports on the material characterization of functionally
graded Titanium and Titanium Carbide (TiC) powders deposited on Titanium substrate
by laser metal deposition approach. The formed deposits were fabricated by varying
the processing parameters such as laser power, scanning speed and the powder flow
rate. From the result obtained, the microstructures showed that the laser power has
much influence on the grain growth of the material. In addition, with the SEM
analysis of the microstructure since the percentages of the titanium and titanium
carbide were varied, it was observed that the sharp boundaries of the Titanium
Carbide were reduced greatly and this resulting effect can be attributed to the
thermal effect of the laser. The microstructures further revealed that as the
percentage of TiC decreases, it becomes more difficult to see the TiC as a
different material in the composite, emphasizing this as one of the best
characteristics of functionally graded materials, which is the elimination of sharp
interfaces and layers. Furthermore, it was observed that the laser power has great
influence on the evolving hardness of the material compared to the TiC content.
C1 [Akinlabi, Esther T.; Akinlabi, Stephen A.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn
Sci, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
RP Akinlabi, ET (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn Sci, ZA-2006
Johannesburg, South Africa.
EM etakinlabi@uj.ac.za; saakinlabi@uj.ac.za
OI Akinlabi, Stephen/0000-0003-0851-5810
10.1016/j.msea.2011.06.074
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10.2320/matertrans.MER20()8049]
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Fink C.W., 2009, AMMTIAC Q, V4, P7
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Imran M. K., 2010, P WORLD C ENG LOND, V3, P2213
10.1243/PIME_PROC_1990_204_047_02
Pham DT, 2004, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEW FORMING
TECHNOLOGY, P317
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Taylor B., STRUERS APPL NOTES
Xiang W., 2012, MATER DESIGN, p[36, 41]
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU INT ASSOC ENGINEERS-IAENG
PI HONG KONG
PA UNIT 1, 1-F, 37-39 HUNG TO ROAD, KWUN TONG, HONG KONG, 00000, PEOPLES R
CHINA
SN 2078-0958
BN 978-988-14047-0-1
J9 LECT NOTES ENG COMP
PY 2015
BP 1122
EP 1126
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods; Engineering, Multidisciplinary
GA BF3XP
UT WOS:000380592500084
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Aziz, T
Al-Ahmari, ARM
Darwish, SM
al Khawashki, H
Al Badr, FBM
AF Aziz, Tariq
Al-Ahmari, Abdur Rehman M.
Darwish, S. M.
al Khawashki, Hazem
Al Badr, Fahad Badr M.
GP IEEE
TI FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF FINGER JOINT IMPLANT: A REVIEW
SO 2015 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND OPERATIONS
MANAGEMENT (IEOM)
LA English
CT 2015 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations
Management (IEOM)
CY MAR 03-05, 2015
CL Dubai, U ARAB EMIRATES
SP ASQ, IEEE, BOEING, Emirates, Lawrence Technol Univ, Saudi Aramco, Informs,
PROLIM, SIEMENS, Univ New Brunswick
DE MIMICS; CATIA; ANSYS software; Finite element Analysis; Fingers joint;
ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; METACARPOPHALANGEAL JOINTS; TITANIUM-ALLOYS;
ARTHROPLASTY; MICROSTRUCTURE; OSTEOARTHRITIS; COMPLICATIONS;
REPLACEMENT; OUTCOMES
AB In orthopedic surgery, a semi constraint hinged prosthesis is inserted between
the metacarpal and the first phalanx of the index finger. The purpose of the
Implants development to allow maximum joint flexibility, and reduce joint pain
effectively. In this paper; first the review of all the related areas is carried
and after that with help of an implant study on loading conditions, deformation and
stresses is analyzed. The research contribution is the development of a new implant
with brief literature review and aligning the implant development criteria with
different prospective of literature. The data from Computer Tomography is imported
into MIMICS software and then segmentation is performed. The 3-D model for the
finger joints is developed using Solid works software. Fixation of the implant to
the gap location was performed using MIMICS. The analysis of normal finger with
respect to the implanted is done through ANSYS software. The materials were assumed
to be homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic. Additive manufacturing technology
is used to finally manufacture the implant.
C1 [Aziz, Tariq; Al-Ahmari, Abdur Rehman M.; Darwish, S. M.] King Saud Univ, Adv
Mfg Inst, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia.
[al Khawashki, Hazem] King Saud Univ, Coll Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
[Al Badr, Fahad Badr M.] King Khalid Univ Hosp & Med Coll, Dept Radiol & Med
Imaging, Riyadh 11472, Saudi Arabia.
RP Aziz, T (reprint author), King Saud Univ, Adv Mfg Inst, Riyadh 11421, Saudi
Arabia.
EM tariq_aziz_37@hotmail.com; alahmari@ksu.edu.sa; darwish@ksu.edu.sa;
bonedoc57@gmail.com; fbmbader@yahoo.com
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Tomaino MM, 2006, INT C SER, V1295, P162
Waljee JF, 2012, J HAND SURG-AM, V37A, P47, DOI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2011.09.042
Weiss KE, 2007, J HAND SURG-AM, V32A, P725, DOI 10.1016/j.jhsa.2007.02.003
Zankovych S, 2011, ADV ENG MATER, V13, pB454, DOI 10.1002/adem.201180020
Zhang YC, 2012, J ARTHROPLASTY, V27, P1423, DOI 10.1016/j.arth.2012.01.014
Zhecheva A, 2005, SURF COAT TECH, V200, P2192, DOI
10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.07.115
[Anonymous], 2014, ARTHRITIS FINGER JOI
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-1-4799-6065-1
PY 2015
PG 8
WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science
GA BF3WL
UT WOS:000380587100162
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Romano, J
Ladani, L
Sadowski, M
AF Romano, John
Ladani, Leila
Sadowski, Magda
BE Shih, AJ
Wang, LH
TI Thermal Modeling of Laser Based Additive Manufacturing Processes within
Common Materials
SO 43RD NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURING RESEARCH CONFERENCE, NAMRC 43
LA English
CT 43rd North American Manufacturing Research Conference, NAMRC 43
CY JUN 08-12, 2015
CL Charlotte, NC
DE Powder Bed; Laser melting; Finite Element; Transient Thermal Analysis;
Ti6Al4V; SS316L; Al7075
ID SINTERING PROCESS; POWDER-BED; CONDUCTIVITY; SIMULATION; TI-6AL-4V;
ALLOY; METAL
AB Process optimization is an important area requiring further research in the
field of rapid prototyping and manufacturing. Current research efforts are focused
on enhancing metallic powder bed additive manufacturing processes such as Laser
Melting and Electron Beam Melting (EBM). Optimizing this class of manufacturing
processes can lead to revolutionary changes in part quality and repeatability.
Modeling and simulation can be used as a facilitating tool to predict the behavior
of materials and processes and alleviate the need for extensive random experiments.
This paper presents finite element simulation of thermal modeling thermal modeling
of laser melting process to determine the melt pool geometry and temperature
distribution in powder bed. This model was used to compare these characteristics
between commonly used powder materials to include Ti6Al4V, Stainless Steel 316L,
and 7075 Aluminum powders. Initially, a common set of parameters were used for all
materials and it was found that melt pool could not be sustained in aluminum and
steel and only titanium process resulted deep and complete melting and
solidification. Optimized process parameter sets are suggested to develop
consistent melt pools throughout the build process for aluminum and steel. It was
discovered that steel powder beds require higher beam power than titanium powder
beds to establish a consistent melt pool. Aluminum powder beds need higher beam
power than both titanium and steel powder beds and also require a reduced scan
speed to maintain a consistent melt pool.
C1 [Romano, John; Ladani, Leila; Sadowski, Magda] Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn,
Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Romano, J (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Mech Engn, Storrs, CT 06269
USA.
EM john.romano@uconn.edu; lladani@engr.uconn.edu; magda.sadowski@uconn.edu
CR Arcam, ARC Q10 PROD LIT
Arce A.N., 2012, THERMAL MODELING SIM
Chahine G., 2011, APPL DIGITAL ENG DEV
Dong L, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P700, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.040
EOS Gmbh, EOS M 400 PROD LIT
Gusarov AV, 2003, INT J HEAT MASS TRAN, V46, P1103, DOI 10.1016/S0017-
9310(02)00370-8
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2003.10.019
Kruth J.P., 1996, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V45, P183
Ladani L., 2015, TMS ANN M EXH
MIETTINEN J, 1997, CALCULATION SOLIDIFI, V28, P281
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2009.07.004
Roy L., 2013, ASME 2013 MAN SCI EN
Shen N., 2012, INT MANUFACTURING, P1
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Touloukian Y.S., 1970, THERMOPHYSICAL PROPE, V1
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NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 15
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2351-9789
J9 PROCEDIA MANUF
PY 2015
VL 1
BP 238
EP 250
DI 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.09.012
PG 13
SC Engineering
GA BF2ZE
UT WOS:000380512300021
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Semini, C
Goldsmith, J
Manfredi, D
Calignano, F
Ambrosio, EP
Pakkanen, J
Caldwell, DG
AF Semini, Claudio
Goldsmith, Jake
Manfredi, Diego
Calignano, Flaviana
Pakkanen, Jukka
Caldwell, Darwin G.
BE Kalkan, S
Saranli, U
TI Additive Manufacturing for Agile Legged Robots with Hydraulic Actuation
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED ROBOTICS
(ICAR)
LA English
CT International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)
CY JUL 27-31, 2015
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP ODTU METU, Kadir Has Univ, IEEE, IEEE Robotics & Automation Soc, Aselsan, TAI,
ALDEBARAN, TeknodroM, FORD OTOSAN, SABLAB Simulation, bama teknolo, ODTU.TEKNOKENT,
MILVUS
ID QUADRUPED ROBOT; LASER; SURFACES; POWDERS; HYQ
AB Agile and versatile legged robots are expected to become useful machines for
applications in unstructured environments where traditional vehicles with wheels
and tracks cannot go. Hydraulic actuation has proven to be a suitable actuation
technology due to its high power density, robustness against impacts and high
stiffness for high bandwidth control. In this paper we demonstrate how additive
manufacturing (AM) can produce highly integrated hydraulic components with reduced
weight and higher complexity when compared to traditionally manufactured manifolds.
To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first time a successful
implementation of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) of hydraulic manifolds made
in aluminium alloy AlSiMg is presented. AlSiMg has several advantages for the
construction of hydraulic components when compared to the commonly used Titanium
alloys (e.g. Ti64): lower cost, higher thermal conductivity, lower density and
easier to post-process. This paper first explains the build process with DMLS of
AlSiMg and a pre-study of a pressure-tested hydraulic tube that demonstrated the
suitability of AlSiMg for AM hydraulic components. Then, we discuss part
orientation and support material during the build process of a highly-integrated
hydraulic manifold for the legs of IIT's new hydraulic quadruped robot HyQ2Max. A
comparison of this manifold with a traditionally manufactured alternative concludes
the paper.
C1 [Semini, Claudio; Goldsmith, Jake; Caldwell, Darwin G.] Ist Italiano Tecnol IIT,
Dept Adv Robot, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy.
[Manfredi, Diego; Calignano, Flaviana; Ambrosio, Elisa Paola; Pakkanen, Jukka]
Ist Italiano Tecnol IIT, Ctr Space Human Robot Polito, I-10129 Turin, Italy.
RP Semini, C (reprint author), Ist Italiano Tecnol IIT, Dept Adv Robot, Via Morego
30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy.
EM claudio.semini@iit.it; jake.goldsmith@iit.it; diego.manfredi@iit.it;
flaviana.calignano@iit.it; elisa.ambrosio@iit.it; jukka.pakkanen@iit.it;
darwin.caldwell@iit.it
OI Manfredi, Diego/0000-0002-2876-143X; Calignano,
Flaviana/0000-0001-7672-7650
CR ASM International the Materials Information Company, 1990, ASM HDB
Barasuol V., 2013, 2013 IEEE INT C ROB
Boaventura T., 2012, IEEE INT C ROB AUT
Brookes K. J. A., 2014, METAL POWDER REPORT, V69, P34
4688-9
Chiavazzo E, 2014, EXP THERM FLUID SCI, V55, P42, DOI
10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2014.02.010
EOS GmbH - Electro Optical Systems, 2014, EOS AL ALSI10MG MAT, P5
EOS GmbH - Electro Optical Systems, 2011, EOS TIT TI64 MAT DAT, P10
Hufenbach W., 2014, INT FLUID POW C IFK
Kausch M, 2013, THESIS
MOOG Inc, 2003, DAT SHEET E024 SER M
Raibert M., 2008, P 17 WORLD C INT FED
Semini C, 2011, P I MECH ENG I-J SYS, V225, P831, DOI 10.1177/0959651811402275
Semini C., 2015, INT J ROBOTICS RES I
Semini C., 2010, THESIS
Semini C., 2015, 14 SCAND INT C FLUID
Semini C, 2008, P IEEE RAS-EMBS INT, P593, DOI 10.1109/BIOROB.2008.4762913
Ventola L, 2014, INT J HEAT MASS TRAN, V75, P58, DOI
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-1-4673-7509-2
PY 2015
BP 123
EP 129
PG 7
WC Robotics
SC Robotics
GA BF2IQ
UT WOS:000380471000020
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Shunmugavel, M
Polishetty, A
Littlefair, G
AF Shunmugavel, Manikandakumar
Polishetty, Ashwin
Littlefair, Guy
BE Littlefair, G
Gibson, I
Usma, C
Collins, P
Hilditch, T
TI Microstructure and mechanical properties of wrought and Additive
manufactured Ti-6Al-4V cylindrical bars
SO Proceedings of The 1st International Design Technology Conference,
DESTECH2015
SE Procedia Technology
LA English
CT Proceedings of The 1st International Design Technology Conference,
DESTECH2015
CY JUN 29-JUL 01, 2015
CL Geelong, AUSTRALIA
DE Selective laser melting; Titanium alloys; Mechanical properties;
microstructure; hardness; tensile properties
ID TITANIUM-ALLOYS
AB Titanium alloys are widely used in various engineering design application due to
its superior material properties. The traditional manufacturing of titanium
products is always difficult, time consuming, high material wastage and
manufacturing costs. Selective laser melting (SLM), an additive manufacturing
technology has widely gained attention due to its capability to produce near net
shape components with less production time. In this technical paper,
microstructure, chemical composition, tensile properties and hardness are studied
for the wrought and additive manufactured SLM cylindrical bar. Microstructure,
mechanical properties and hardness were studied in both the longitudinal and
transverse directions of the bar to study the effect of orientation. It was found
that additive manufactured bar have higher yield strength, ultimate tensile
strength and hardness than the wrought bar. For both conventional and SLM test
samples, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness was found to be
high in the transverse direction. The difference in the properties can be
attributed to the difference in microstructure as a result of processing
conditions. The tensile fracture area was quantified by careful examination of the
fracture surfaces in the scanning electron microscope. (C) 2015 The Authors.
Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Shunmugavel, Manikandakumar; Polishetty, Ashwin; Littlefair, Guy] Deakin Univ,
Sch Engn, Waurn Ponds, Vic 3217, Australia.
RP Shunmugavel, M (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Sch Engn, Waurn Ponds, Vic 3217,
Australia.
EM mshunmug@deakin.edu.au
CR Filip R, 2003, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V133, P84, DOI 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00248-
0
5093(97)00810-1
NR 7
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 5
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-0173
J9 PROC TECH
PY 2015
VL 20
BP 231
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.protcy.2015.07.037
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science,
Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA BF2ZT
UT WOS:000380514000036
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT B
AU Fiaz, HS
Hoshino, K
AF Fiaz, H. S.
Hoshino, K.
GP IEEE
TI LARGE DISPLACEMENT NANOPOSITIONING FLEXURE FABRICATED BY DIRECT 3D
PRINTING OF TITANIUM
SO 2015 TRANSDUCERS - 2015 18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID-STATE
SENSORS, ACTUATORS AND MICROSYSTEMS (TRANSDUCERS)
LA English
CT 18th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and
Microsystems (TRANSDUCERS)
CY JUN 21-25, 2015
CL Anchorage, AK
SP TRF, IEEE, Elect Devices Soc
DE Electron Beam Additive Manufacturing; Electron Beam Melting;
Nanopositioning stage; Piezoelectric Actuator; PID Control
ID BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPONENTS
AB This paper reports the design, fabrication and testing of a piezoelectric
actuated XY nanopositioning stage made up of Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) fabricated
for the first time through a 3D printing, namely Electron Beam Additive
Manufacturing (EBAM). It allows for improved mechanical stiffness, bandwidth of the
stage, and light weight, compact structure. The resonant frequencies of x and y
axes of the stage have shown to be almost identical 1.854 kHz and 1.858 kHz
respectively, showing fabrication repeatability. The stage has been used in optical
positioning utilizing a PID controller which enables 50 mu m translation with
linear motion.
C1 [Fiaz, H. S.; Hoshino, K.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Hoshino, K (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM hoshino@engr.uconn.edu
CR Ando T, 2002, JPN J APPL PHYS 1, V41, P4851, DOI 10.1143/JJAP.41.4851
10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2005.09.005
Fleming AJ, 2005, REV SCI INSTRUM, V76, DOI 10.1063/1.1938952
Yong YK, 2009, IEEE T NANOTECHNOL, V8, P46, DOI 10.1109/TNANO.2008.2005829
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
BN 978-1-4799-8955-3
PY 2015
BP 1330
EP 1333
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BF2EU
UT WOS:000380461400331
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Uhlmann, E
Kersting, R
Klein, TB
Cruz, MF
Borille, AV
AF Uhlmann, Eckart
Kersting, Robert
Klein, Tiago Borsoi
Cruz, Marcio Fernando
Borille, Anderson Vicente
BE Denkena, B
TI Additive manufacturing of titanium alloy for aircraft components
SO MIC2015 -15TH MACHINING INNOVATIONS CONFERENCE FOR AEROSPACE INDUSTRY
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 15th Machining Innovations Conference for Aerospace Industry (MIC)
CY NOV 18-19, 2015
CL Garbsen, GERMANY
DE additive manufacturing; titanium alloy; light-weight components;
aircraft
AB Selective Laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technology that uses
laser as a power source to sinter powdered metals to produce solid structures. The
application of SLM permits engineers to develop and implement components with
topologically optimized designs and resultant material properties in comparison to
conventionally produced casting parts. Current aviation programs as ACARE 2020
( Advisory Council for Aviation Research and Innovation in the EU) and Flightpath
2050 request a reduction of fuel consumption as well as CO2 and NOx emissions in
the next years. To meet these requirements there is a clear trend to produce light-
weight components for engines and structural parts of aircrafts through SLM. Since
SLM process is a key technology for aeronautical application, this paper focusses
on the qualification of a high performance titanium alloy as well as on the
investigation of optimized process parameters and positioning strategies of the
structures produced in the SLM machine. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier
B.V.
C1 [Uhlmann, Eckart; Kersting, Robert; Klein, Tiago Borsoi] Fraunhofer Inst Prod
Syst & Design Technol IPK, Pascalstr 8-9, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
[Cruz, Marcio Fernando] Embraer SA, BR-12227901 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Borille, Anderson Vicente] Aeronaut Inst Technol CCM ITA, BR-12228900 Sao
Paulo, Brazil.
RP Klein, TB (reprint author), Fraunhofer Inst Prod Syst & Design Technol IPK,
Pascalstr 8-9, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
EM tiago.borsoi.klein@ipk.fraunhofer.de
CR [Anonymous], 2010, 39231 DIN EN ISO
[Anonymous], 1987, DIN661652
[Anonymous], 2006, 3369 DIN ISO
[Anonymous], 2012, DIN58322
[Anonymous], 1992, 17869 DIN
European Commission, 2001, EUR AER VIS 2020
European Commission, 2011, FLIGHTP 2050
Gadke A., FACHARTIKEL WARMEBEH
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.01.025
Kasperovicha G., 2014, DIR DIG MAN C BERL 1
Leahy J., GLOBAL MARKET FORECA
10.1016/J.IJFATIGUE.2012.11.011
Peters M., 2002, TITAN TITANLEGIERUNG
Sartorius AG, 2001, HDB WAGETECHNISCHE 1
Uhlmann E., 2011, NEUE KONZEPTE WERKZE
[Anonymous], 2013, 34052 VDI
[Anonymous], 2010, BODYCOTE HEISS ISOST
NR 22
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 23
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2015
VL 35
BP 55
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2015.08.061
PG 6
WC Engineering, Aerospace; Electrochemistry; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering; Electrochemistry
GA BF0XX
UT WOS:000379875300010
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Mahamood, RM
Akinlabi, ET
Akinlabi, Esther T.
TI Effect of laser power and powder flow rate on the wear resistance
behaviour of laser metal deposited TiC/Ti6Al4V composites
LA English
CT 4th International Conference on Materials Processing and Characterzation
(ICMPC)
CY MAR 14, 2015
CL Gokaraju Rangaraju Inst Engin & Technol, Hyderabad, INDIA
HO Gokaraju Rangaraju Inst Engin & Technol
DE Additive Manufacturing; Laser-Metal Deposition; Microstructure; Titanium
Alloy Composite; Wear Resistance
AB Ti6Al4V is an important aerospace alloy with exciting properties but exhibit
poor wear resistance behaviour. Therefore, the surface of the material should be
modified in applications requiring better wear resistance. Laser metal deposition
(LMD) process is used for manufacturing composite material. In this study,
composites of Ti6Al4V/TiC were produced using the laser metal deposition process.
The influence of laser power and powder flow rate on the wear resistance behaviour
of the composite was investigated. The study revealed that, as the laser power was
increased, the wear resistance was increased; whereas, as the powder flow rate was
increased, the wear resistance decreases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Mahamood, Rasheedat M.; Akinlabi, Esther T.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Mech Engn
Sci, Auckland Pk Kingsway Campus, ZA-2006 Johannesburg, South Africa.
Univ Ilorin, Dept Mech Engn, Ilorin 23400003, Nigeria.
CR [Anonymous], 2010, ASTM INT BOOK STAND, V03.02
[Anonymous], 2011, ASTM INT BOOK STAND, V03. 01
Choe H., 2008, MAT T, V49. 9, P2153
Dalili N, 2010, WEAR, V269, P590, DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2010.06.006
0136(96)00030-1
Hager C.H.J., 2008, MATER DESIGN, V2653-4, P439
Mallaiah G., 2014, PROCEDIA MAT SCI, V6, P1740
Scott J., 2013, SCI TECHNOLOGY POLIC
Toyserkani E., 2006, MECHATRONICS, V16.10
Xiang W., 2012, MATER DESIGN, p[36, 41]
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 9
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2214-7853
J9 MATER TODAY-PROC
PY 2015
VL 2
IS 4-5
BP 2679
EP 2686
DI 10.1016/j.matpr.2015.07.233
PG 8
GA CU4AF
UT WOS:000363467600197
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Wits, WW
Becker, JMJ
AF Wits, W. W.
Becker, J. M. Jauregui
BE Caggiano, A
TI Laser beam welding of titanium additive manufactured parts
SO 3RD CIRP GLOBAL WEB CONFERENCE - PRODUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH
ADVANCEMENT BEYOND STATE OF THE ART (CIRPE2014)
SE Procedia CIRP
LA English
CT 3rd CIRP Global Web Conference on Production Engineering Research -
Advancement Beyond State of the Art (CIRPe)
CY JUN 03-05, 2014
CL Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, ITALY
HO Univ Naples Federico II
DE Laser beam welding; Keyhole welding; Additive manufacturing; Selective
laser melting; Titanium (Ti6Al4V) alloy
AB In this paper the joinability of titanium Additive Manufactured (AM) parts is
explored. Keyhole welding, using a pulsed laser beam, of conventionally produced
parts is compared to AM parts. Metal AM parts are notorious for having remaining
porosities and other non-isotropic properties due to the layered manufacturing
process. This study shows that due to these deficiencies more energy per unit weld
length is required to obtain a similar keyhole geometry for titanium AM parts. It
is also demonstrated that, with adjusted laser process parameters, good quality
welds for aerospace applications in terms of pressure resistance and leak tightness
are achievable. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wits, W. W.; Becker, J. M. Jauregui] Univ Twente, Fac Engn Technol, NL-7500 AE
Enschede, Netherlands.
RP Wits, WW (reprint author), Univ Twente, Fac Engn Technol, POB 217, NL-7500 AE
Enschede, Netherlands.
EM w.w.wits@utwente.nl
OI Wits, Wessel/0000-0002-5102-5545
CR Akman E, 2009, J MATER PROCESS TECH, V209, P3705, DOI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.08.026
Bourell DL, 2011, CIRP ANN-MANUF TECHN, V60, P275, DOI
10.1016/j.cirp.2011.03.105
Neyer B. T., 2000, P 36 JOINT PROP C HU
Okon P., 2002, P ICALEO 02
Stournaras A, 2009, INT J ADV MANUF TECH, V44, P114, DOI 10.1007/s00170-008-
1818-5
Unitek Mitachi Corporation, 2003, ND YAG LAS WELD GUID
10.1108/13552540710776142
Wits WW, 2013, PROC CIRP, V7, P252, DOI 10.1016/j.procir.2013.05.043
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 14
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 2212-8271
J9 PROC CIRP
PY 2015
VL 28
BP 70
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.procir.2015.04.013
PG 6
WC Engineering, Industrial
SC Engineering
GA BE0KA
UT WOS:000366177000011
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Herzog, H
Segal, J
Smith, J
Bates, R
Calis, J
De La Torre, A
Kim, DW
Mici, J
Mireles, J
Stubbs, DM
Wicker, R
AF Herzog, Harrison
Segal, Jacob
Smith, Jeremy
Bates, Richard
Calis, Jacob
De La Torre, Alyssa
Kim, Dae Wook
Mici, Joni
Mireles, Jorge
Stubbs, David M.
Wicker, Ryan
BE Hatheway, AE
TI Optical fabrication of lightweighted 3D printed mirrors
SO OPTOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2015
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
CT Conference on Optomechanical Engineering
CY AUG 10-12, 2015
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE additive manufacturing; DMLS; EBM; topological optimization;
lightweight; mirror; polish
AB Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) 3D printing
technologies were utilized to create lightweight, optical grade mirrors out of
AlSi10Mg aluminum and Ti6Al4V titanium alloys at the University of Arizona in
Tucson. The mirror prototypes were polished to meet the lambda/20 RMS and lambda/4
P-V surface figure requirements.
The intent of this project was to design topologically optimized mirrors that
had a high specific stiffness and low surface displacement. Two models were
designed using Altair Inspire software, and the mirrors had to endure the polishing
process with the necessary stiffness to eliminate print-through. Mitigating
porosity of the 3D printed mirror blanks was a challenge in the face of reconciling
new printing technologies with traditional optical polishing methods. The
prototypes underwent Hot Isostatic Press (HIP) and heat treatment to improve
density, eliminate porosity, and relieve internal stresses.
Metal 3D printing allows for nearly unlimited topological constraints on design
and virtually eliminates the need for a machine shop when creating an optical
quality mirror. This research can lead to an increase in mirror mounting support
complexity in the manufacturing of lightweight mirrors and improve overall process
efficiency. The project aspired to have many future applications of lightweighted
3D printed mirrors, such as spaceflight.
This paper covers the design/fab/polish/test of 3D printed mirrors,
thermal/structural finite element analysis, and results.
C1 [Herzog, Harrison; Bates, Richard; Calis, Jacob] Univ Arizona, Dept Mech Engn,
Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Segal, Jacob; Smith, Jeremy; Kim, Dae Wook] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson,
AZ USA.
[De La Torre, Alyssa] Univ Arizona, Dept Syst & Ind Engn, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Mici, Joni; Stubbs, David M.] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Adv Technol Ctr, Palo
Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Mireles, Jorge; Wicker, Ryan] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Herzog, H (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
OI Mireles, Jorge/0000-0002-7014-9957
CR Kim D, 2015, SAGUARO SOFTWARE
Lyons III J., RTI98G016 GSFC
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 20
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-1-62841-739-5
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2015
VL 9573
AR 957308
DI 10.1117/12.2188197
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical; Optics
SC Engineering; Optics
GA BD9WZ
UT WOS:000365519300006
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Surmeneva, M
Chudinova, E
Syrtanov, M
Koptioug, A
Surmenev, R
AF Surmeneva, M.
Chudinova, E.
Syrtanov, M.
Koptioug, A.
Surmenev, R.
BE Refsnes, M
Gusev, A
Godymchuk, A
Bogdan, A
TI Investigation of the HA film deposited on the porous Ti6Al4V alloy
prepared via additive manufacturing
SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL YOUTH CONFERENCE ON INTERDISCIPLINARY PROBLEMS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOMEDICINE AND NANOTOXICOLOGY (NANOBIOTECH 2015)
LA English
CT 3rd International Youth Conference on Interdisciplinary Problems of
Nanotechnology, Biomedicine and Nanotoxicology (Nanobiotech)
CY MAY 21-22, 2015
CL Tambov, RUSSIA
SP Tambov Derzhavin State Univ, Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Natl Univ Sci & Technol
MISiS, Tomsk Polytechn Univ, Tomsk State Univ
ID MAGNETRON; COATINGS; TITANIUM
AB This study is focused on the use of radio frequency magnetron sputtering to
modify the surface of porous Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated via additive manufacturing
technology. The hydroxyapatite (HA) coated porous Ti6Al4V alloy was studied in
respect with its chemical and phase composition, surface morphology, water contact
angle and hysteresis, and surface free energy. Thin nanocrystalline HA film was
deposited while its structure with diamond-shaped cells remained unchanged.
Hysteresis and water contact angle measurements revealed an effect of the deposited
HA films, namely an increased water contact angle and contact angle hysteresis. The
increase of the contact angle of the coating-substrate system compared to the
uncoated substrate was attributed to the multiscale structure of the resulted
surfaces.
C1 [Surmeneva, M.; Chudinova, E.; Syrtanov, M.; Surmenev, R.] Tomsk Polytech Univ,
Inst Phys & Technol, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
[Koptioug, A.] Mid Sweden Univ, S-83125 Ostersund, Sweden.
[Surmenev, R.] Fraunhofer Inst Interfacial Engn & Biotechnol IGB, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany.
RP Surmeneva, M (reprint author), Tomsk Polytech Univ, Inst Phys & Technol, 30
Lenina Ave, Tomsk 634050, Russia.
EM surmenevamaria@tpu.ru
CR Arcos D, 2014, ACTA BIOMATER, V10, P1793, DOI 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.01.004
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0501.1993.040104.x
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10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131525
Surmeneva MA, 2014, THIN SOLID FILMS, V571, P218, DOI 10.1016/j.tsf.2014.10.049
Surmeneva MA, 2013, RSC ADV, V3, P11240, DOI 10.1039/c3ra40446c
Tajima K, 2008, DENT MATER J, V27, P258, DOI 10.4012/dmj.27.258
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NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PI BRISTOL
SN 1757-8981
PY 2015
VL 98
AR UNSP 012025
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/98/1/012025
PG 5
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other
Topics
GA BD9OZ
UT WOS:000365043400024
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Bezuidenhout, MB
Dimitrov, D
van Staden, AD
Oosthuizen, GA
Dicks, LMT
AF Bezuidenhout, Martin B.
Dimitrov, DimitarM.
van Staden, Anton D.
Oosthuizen, Gert A.
Dicks, Leon M. T.
TI Titanium-Based Hip Stems with Drug Delivery Functionality through
SO BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PERIPROSTHETIC JOINT INFECTION; LOADED BONE-CEMENT; GIRDLESTONE
RESECTION ARTHROPLASTY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MELTED TI-6AL-4V; ALLOY
IMPLANTS; UNITED-STATES; IN-VITRO; ELECTRON; PROPHYLAXIS
AB Postoperative infections are a major concern in patients that receive implants.
These infections generally occur in areas with poor blood flow and pathogens do not
always respond to antibiotic treatment. With the latest developments in
nanotechnology, the incorporation of antibiotics into prosthetic implants may soon
become a standard procedure. The success will, however, depend on the ability to
control the release of antibiotics at concentrations high enough to prevent the
development of antibiotic-resistant strains. Through additive manufacturing,
antibiotics can be incorporated into cementless femoral stems to produce prosthetic
devices with antimicrobial properties. With the emerging increase in resistance to
antibiotics, the incorporation of antimicrobial compounds other than antibiotics,
preferably drugs with a broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity, will have to be
explored. This review highlights the microorganisms associated with total hip
arthroplasty (THA), discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the latest
materials used in hip implants, compares different antimicrobial agents that could
be incorporated, and addresses novel ideas for future research.
C1 [Bezuidenhout, Martin B.; Dimitrov, DimitarM.; Oosthuizen, Gert A.] Univ
Stellenbosch, Rapid Prod Dev Lab, Dept Ind Engn, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South
Africa.
[van Staden, Anton D.; Dicks, Leon M. T.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Microbiol, ZA-
7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
RP Dicks, LMT (reprint author), Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Microbiol, ZA-7600
Stellenbosch, South Africa.
EM lmtd@sun.ac.za
OI Dicks, Leon/0000-0002-5157-9046
CR Arcam AB, 2014, ARCAM TI6AL4V ELI TI
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10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2012.02.053
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Heraeus Medical, 2014, PAL EXC MOD CEM TECH
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2672.2012.05241.x
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Varga M, 2014, 2014 IEEE 20TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM FOR DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY
IN ELECTRONIC PACKAGING (SIITME), P333, DOI 10.1109/SIITME.2014.6966990
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Wohlers T, 2012, WOHLERS REPORT 2012
Wu P, 2006, BIOMATERIALS, V27, P2450, DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.11.031
Yasa E., 2011, P SOL FREEF FABR S, V4, P259
Young SW, 2014, CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R, V472, P57, DOI 10.1007/s11999-013-3038-z
Zimmerli W, 2003, INFECTION, V31, P99, DOI 10.1007/s15010-002-3079-9
Zimmerli W, 1998, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V279, P1537, DOI 10.1001/jama.279.19.1537
Zimmerli W, 2006, BEST PRACT RES CL RH, V20, P1045, DOI
10.1016/j.berh.2006.08.003
NR 93
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 17
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP
PI NEW YORK
PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2314-6133
EI 2314-6141
J9 BIOMED RES INT
JI Biomed Res. Int.
PY 2015
AR 134093
DI 10.1155/2015/134093
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA CT9BO
UT WOS:000363111000001
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Raguvarun, K
Balasubramaniam, K
Rajagopal, P
Palanisamy, S
Nagarajah, R
Hoye, N
Curiri, D
Kapoor, A
AF Raguvarun, K.
Balasubramaniam, Krishnan
Rajagopal, Prabhu
Palanisamy, Suresh
Nagarajah, Romesh
Hoye, Nicholas
Curiri, Dominic
Kapoor, Ajay
BE Chimenti, DE
Bond, LJ
TI A Study of Internal Structure in Components Made by Additive
Manufacturing Process Using 3 D X-Ray Tomography
SO 41ST ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE
EVALUATION, VOL 34
LA English
CT 41st Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation
(QNDE)
CY JUL 20-25, 2014
CL Boise, ID
SP Ctr Nondestruct Evaluat, Quantitat Nondestruct Evaluat Programs, Amer Soc
Nondestruct Testing, World Federat NDE Ctr, Natl Sci Fdn, Ind Univ Co Operat Res
Ctr Program
AB Additive manufacturing methods are gaining increasing popularity for rapidly and
efficiently manufacturing parts and components in the industrial context, as well
as for domestic applications. However, except when used for prototyping or rapid
visualization of components, industries are concerned with the load carrying
capacity and strength achievable by additive manufactured parts. In this paper, the
wire-arc additive manufacturing (AM) process based on gas tungsten arc welding
(GTAW) has been examined for the internal structure and constitution of components
generated by the process. High-resolution 3D X-ray tomography is used to gain cut-
views through wedge-shaped parts created using this GTAW additive manufacturing
process with titanium alloy materials. In this work, two different control
conditions for the GTAW process are considered. The studies reveal clusters of
porosities, located in periodic spatial intervals along the sample cross-section.
Such internal defects can have a detrimental effect on the strength of the
resulting AM components, as shown in destructive testing studies. Closer
examination of this phenomenon shows that defect clusters are preferentially
located at GTAW traversal path intervals. These results highlight the strong need
for enhanced control of process parameters in ensuring components with minimal
defects and higher strength.
C1 [Raguvarun, K.; Balasubramaniam, Krishnan; Rajagopal, Prabhu] Indian Inst
Technol, Ctr NDE, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
[Palanisamy, Suresh; Nagarajah, Romesh; Kapoor, Ajay] Swinburne Univ Technol,
Fac Engn Sci & Technol, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
[Hoye, Nicholas; Curiri, Dominic] Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn, Wollongong, NSW
2522, Australia.
[Hoye, Nicholas; Curiri, Dominic] Def Mat Technol Ctr, Hawthorn, Vic 3122,
Australia.
RP Raguvarun, K (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Ctr NDE, Madras 600036,
Tamil Nadu, India.
EM prajagopal@iitm.ac.in
CR [Anonymous], E157011 ASTM
General Electric (GE), 2009, IND RAD IM FORM TECH
Hopkinson N, 2001, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V7, P197, DOI 10.1108/EUM0000000005753
Hsieh J., 2003, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Isanaka Sriram Praneeth, 2012, APPL ADDITIVE MANUFA
Kharat Dr. D.K., 2012, P NAT SEM EXH NOND E
Anish Kumar K.V., 2007, BARC NEWSLETTER
Lyons B, 2011, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURI
Pandey PM, 2003, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V9, P274, DOI 10.1108/13552540310502185
Pham DT, 1998, INT J MACH TOOL MANU, V38, P1257, DOI 10.1016/S0890-
6955(97)00137-5
Jun Wei, 2013, OPPORTUNITIES APPL 3
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 20
PI MELVILLE
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1292-7
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2015
VL 1650
BP 146
EP 155
DI 10.1063/1.4914604
PG 10
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA BC7JI
UT WOS:000354938100015
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT S
AU Everton, S
Dickens, P
Tuck, C
Dutton, B
AF Everton, Sarah
Dickens, Phill
Tuck, Chris
Dutton, Ben
BE Helvajian, H
Pique, A
Wegener, M
Gu, B
TI Evaluation of laser ultrasonic testing for inspection of metal additive
manufacturing
SO LASER 3D MANUFACTURING II
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
CT 2nd Meeting of the Laser 3D Manufacturing
CY FEB 10-12, 2015
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE, PolarOnyx Inc
DE Laser Ultrasonic Testing; Defect Characterisation; Rayleigh; Non
Destructive Testing; Additive Manufacturing
AB Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers a number of benefits over conventional
processes. However, in order for these benefits to be realised, further development
and integration of suitable monitoring and closed loop control systems are needed.
Laser Ultrasonic Testing (LUT) is an inspection technology which shows potential
for in-situ monitoring of metallic AM processes. Non-contact measurements can be
performed on curved surfaces and in difficult to reach areas, even at elevated
temperatures. Interrogation of each build layer generates defect information which
can be used to highlight processing errors and allow for real-time modification of
processing parameters, enabling improved component quality and yield.
This study evaluates the use of laser-generated surface waves to detect
artificially generated defects in titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) samples produced by
laser-based Powder Bed Fusion. The trials undertaken utilise the latest LUT
equipment, recently installed at Manufacturing Technology Centre which is capable
of being controlled remotely. This will allow the system to optimise or adapt "on-
the-fly", simplifying the eventual integration of the system within an AM machine.
C1 [Everton, Sarah; Dickens, Phill; Tuck, Chris] Univ Nottingham, Addit Mfg &
Printing Res Grp 3D, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Dutton, Ben] Mfg Technol Ctr, Coventry CV7 9JU, Warwick, England.
RP Everton, S (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Addit Mfg & Printing Res Grp 3D,
EM sarah.everton@nottingham.ac.uk
OI Tuck, Christopher/0000-0003-0146-3851
CR ASTM Committee, 2012, F279212A ASTM
Cerniglia D., 2013, 13 INT S NOND CHAR M
Craeghs T, 2012, PHYSCS PROC, V39, P753, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2012.10.097
[Anonymous], 2013, ENERGETICS INCORPORA
Gibson I., 2006, ADV MANUFACTURING TE
Harris ID, 2012, ADV MATER PROCESS, V170, P25
Karthik N., 2013, 24 INT SOL FREEF FAB
Klein M., 2004, 23 INT C APPL LAS EL
Kleszczynski S., 2012, 23 INT SOL FREEF FAB
Krauss H., 2012, 23 INT SOL FREEF FAB
Lott P, 2011, PHYSCS PROC, V12, P683, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2011.03.085
Price S., 2013, 24 INT SOL FREEF FAB
Rodriguez E, 2012, 23 INT SOL FREEF FAB
Santospirito SP, 2013, SPIE
Scharowsky T., 2012, 23 INT SOL FREEF FAB
10.1108/13552541211231572
[Anonymous], 2010, SHARING, V19, P5
[Anonymous], 2011, ECONOMIST
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 35
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-1-62841-443-1
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2015
VL 9353
AR 935316
DI 10.1117/12.2078768
PG 8
SC Optics; Physics
GA BC6FO
UT WOS:000353895900016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Miura, H
AF Miura, Hideshi
TI Direct Laser Forming of Titanium Alloy Powders for Medical and Aerospace
Applications
SO KONA POWDER AND PARTICLE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE additive manufacturing; direct leaser forming; Ti alloy powders;
mechanical properties; microstructure
ID MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; TI-6AL-7NB ALLOY; MICROSTRUCTURE; PARTS; TI
AB Titanium and its alloys have been widely used for various industrial and medical
applications because of their excellent characteristics of low density, high
corrosion resistance and high biocompatibility. However, it is not easy to produce
the more complicated shape and precise components with low cost because of their
poor workability. Therefore, Direct Laser Forming (DLF) which is one of Additive
Manufacturing (AM) techniques is desired to be a suitable and advanced processing
technique for fabricating Ti alloy components.. In this paper. DLF technique has
been introduced to fabricate Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy parts for medical applications and
Ti-6Al-4V alloy parts for aerospace and automobile by evaluating various
properties.
C1 Kyushu Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nishi Ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
RP Miura, H (reprint author), Kyushu Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Nishi Ku, 744 Motooka,
Fukuoka 8190395, Japan.
EM miura@mech.kyushu-u.ac.jp
RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016
CR Bolzoni L, 2013, J MECH BEHAV BIOMED, V20, P149, DOI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.08.022
V4, P181, DOI 10.1007/s10999-007-9032-4
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.041
Iijima D, 2003, BIOMATERIALS, V24, P1519, DOI 10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00533-1
Itoh Y., 2004, P 2004 POWD MET WORL, V4, P445
Japan Society of Mechanical Engineering, 1991, BIOM SER BIOM OHMSH
Miura H, 2010, MATER SCI FORUM, V654-656, P2057, DOI
Pavlov M, 2010, PHYSCS PROC, V5, P523, DOI 10.1016/j.phpro.2010.08.080
Rochus P, 2007, ACTA ASTRONAUT, V61, P352, DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2007.01.004
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.11.011
Stucker Brent, 2015, PAPER 2015 US FRONTI
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.05.012
Thair L, 2002, CORROS SCI, V44, P2439, DOI 10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00034-3
Thijs L., 2010, ACTA MAT, V59, P3303
Yadroitsev I., 2009, 14 ASS EUR PROT FABR, P8
Yasa E., 2009, 4 INT C ADV RES VIRT, P7
Yuan BG, 2010, INT J HYDROGEN ENERG, V35, P1829, DOI
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.053
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 11
PU HOSOKAWA POWDER TECHNOL FOUNDATION
PI HIRAKATA-SHI
PA NO 9, 1-CHOME, SHOUDAI TAJIKA, HIRAKATA-SHI, OSAKA 573-1132, JAPAN
SN 0288-4534
J9 KONA POWDER PART J
JI KONA Powder Part. J.
PY 2015
IS 32
BP 253
EP 263
PG 11
WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
GA CF6EX
UT WOS:000352650800021
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Karlsson, J
Norell, M
Ackelid, U
Engqvist, H
Lausma, J
AF Karlsson, Joakim
Norell, Mats
Ackelid, Ulf
Engqvist, Hakan
Lausma, Jukka
TI Surface oxidation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V manufactured by Electron Beam
Melting (EBM (R))
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron Beam Melting (EBM (R)); Additive manufacturing; Titanium
alloys; Surface properties; Oxidation
ID TITANIUM IMPLANT MATERIALS; SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL FABRICATION; BONE; SCIENCE; REPLACEMENT;
THICKNESS; ALLOYS; OXIDES
AB Additive manufacturing is an emerging manufacturing technology that enables
production of patient specific implants, today primarily out of titanium. For
optimal functionality and proper integration between the titanium implant and the
body tissues surface properties, such as surface oxide thickness is of particular
importance, as it is primarily the surface of the material which interacts with the
body. Hence, in this study the surface oxidation behavior of titanium parts
manufactured by Electron Beam Melting (EBM (R)) is investigated using the surface
sensitive techniques ToF-SIMS and AES. Oxide thicknesses comparable to those found
on conventionally machined surfaces are found by both analysis techniques. However,
a build height dependency is discovered for different locations of the EBM (R)
manufactured parts due to the presence of trapped moisture in the machine and
temperature gradients in the build. (C) 2014 The Society of Manufacturing
C1 [Karlsson, Joakim; Lausma, Jukka] SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, SE-50115 Boras,
Sweden.
[Norell, Mats] Chalmers, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Ackelid, Ulf] Arcam AB, SE-43137 Molndal, Sweden.
[Engqvist, Hakan] Uppsala Univ, Angstrom Lab, Dept Engn Sci, Div Appl Mat Sci,
SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Karlsson, J (reprint author), SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, Box 857, SE-50115 Boras,
Sweden.
EM joakim.karlsson@sp.se
FU Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [V10.17]; Vinnova (BIOMATCELL)
[2012-03939]
FX Financial support from Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
(Project nr. V10.17) and Vinnova (BIOMATCELL, project nr. 2012-03939) is
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NR 46
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1526-6125
J9 J MANUF PROCESS
PD JAN
PY 2015
VL 17
BP 120
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.jmapro.2014.08.005
PG 7
SC Engineering
GA CB8MZ
UT WOS:000349885600012
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Wycisk, E
Siddique, S
Herzog, D
Walther, F
Emmelmann, C
AF Wycisk, Eric
Siddique, Shafaqat
Herzog, Dirk
Walther, Frank
Emmelmann, Claus
TI Fatigue Performance of laser additive Manufactured Ti-6al-4V in Very
high cycle Fatigue regime up to 10(9) cycles
SO FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE laser additive manufacturing; very high cycle fatigue; Ti-6Al-4V;
selective laser melting; 3D printing; titanium alloy
AB Additive manufacturing technologies are in the process of establishing
themselves as an alternative production technology to conventional manufacturing,
such as casting or milling. Especially laser additive manufacturing (LAM) enables
the production of metallic parts with mechanical properties comparable to
conventionally manufactured components. Due to the high geometrical freedom in LAM,
the technology enables the production of ultra-light weight designs, and therefore
gains increasing importance in aircraft and space industry. The high quality
standards of these industries demand predictability of material properties for
static and dynamic load cases. However, fatigue properties especially in the very
high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime until 10(9) cycles have not been sufficiently
determined yet. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of fatigue properties of
laser additive manufactured Ti6Al4V under cyclic tensiontension until 10(7) cycles
and tensioncompression load until 10(9) cycles. For the analysis of laser additive
manufactured titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, Woehler fatigue tests under tensiontension and
tensioncompression were carried out in the high cycle and VHCF regime. Specimens in
stress-relieved as well as hot-isostatic-pressed conditions were analyzed regarding
crack initiation site, mean stress sensitivity, and overall fatigue performance.
The determined fatigue properties show values in the range of conventionally
manufactured Ti6Al4V with particularly good performance for hot-isostatic-pressed
additive-manufactured material. For all conditions, the results show no
conventional fatigue limit but a constant increase in fatigue life with decreasing
loads. No effects of test frequency on life span could be determined. However,
independently of testing principle, a shift of crack initiation from surface to
internal initiation could be observed with increasing cycles to failure.
C1 [Wycisk, Eric; Herzog, Dirk; Emmelmann, Claus] Hamburg Univ Technol, Inst Laser
& Syst Technol iLAS, Hamburg, Germany.
[Siddique, Shafaqat; Walther, Frank] TU Dortmund Univ, Dept Mat Test Engn WPT,
Dortmund, Germany.
RP Wycisk, E (reprint author), Hamburg Univ Technol, Inst Laser & Syst Technol
iLAS, Hamburg, Germany.
EM eric.wycisk@tuhh.de
FU German Research Foundation (DFG); Hamburg University of Technology
(TUHH)
FX This publication was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG)
and the Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH) in the funding program
"Open Access Publishing."
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Adachi S., 1985, P ICSMA 7 OXF, P2117
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10.1016/j.msea.2014.01.041
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Yasa E., 2011, MANUFACTURING COMBIN
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 2296-8016
J9 FRONT MATER
JI Front. Mater.
PY 2015
AR UNSP 72
DI 10.3389/fmats.2015.00072
PG 8
GA V3Q6O
UT WOS:000218498500003
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Toth, T
Hudak, R
Zivcak, J
AF Toth, Teodor
Hudak, Radovan
Zivcak, Jozef
TI DIMENSIONAL VERIFICATION AND QUALITY CONTROL OF IMPLANTS PRODUCED BY
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
SO QUALITY INNOVATION PROSPERITY-KVALITA INOVACIA PROSPERITA
LA English
DT Article
DE individual implants; measurement; additive manufacturing; actual-nominal
comparison; defectoscopy
AB Purpose: Development of computer technology and alternative manufacturing
methods in form of additive manufacturing leads to the manufacture of products with
complex shapes. In the field of medicine they include, inter alia, custommade
implants manufactured for a particular patient, such as cranial implants,
maxillofacial implants, etc. With regard to the fact that such implants are
inserted into a patient's body, it is necessary to perform the verification,
including the shape and dimensional verification. The article deals with the
application of the industrial computer tomography within the process of inspection
and verification of selected custom-made implant types.
Methodology/Approach: The Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement
performs the verification of medicinal products manufactured by the additive
manufacturing technologies from the Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) titanium alloy, using the
coordinate measuring machine Carl Zeiss Contura G2 and the industrial computed
tomography machine Carl Zeiss Metrotom 1500. These equipment fulfil the
requirements for the identification and evaluation of dimensions of both, the
external and the internal structures.
Findings: The article presents the possibilities of the computed tomography
utilisation in the inspection of individual implant manufacture using the additive
manufacturing technologies. The results indicate that with the adjustment of
appropriate input parameters (alignment), this technology is appropriate for the
analysis of shape deviations, when compared with the CAD model.
Research Limitation/implication: With the increasing distance of measured object
from X-ray source, the machine's resolution function decreases. Decreasing of
resolution has a minor impact on the measured dimensions (relatively high
tolerances), but has a significant impact on the evaluation of porosity and
inclusions.
Originality/Value of paper: Currently, the verification of a manufactured
implant can be carried out using 3D scanners and the industrial computed
tomography. The use of 3D scanners is appropriate for the shape inspection, for
example the shape of an implant's outer surface. The computed tomography is the
only method for evaluation of shape deviations, defectoscopy and dimensional
analysis in one measurement.
C1 [Toth, Teodor; Hudak, Radovan; Zivcak, Jozef] Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Mech Engn,
Dept Biomed Engn & Measurement, Letna 9, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
RP Toth, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Kosice, Fac Mech Engn, Dept Biomed Engn &
Measurement, Letna 9, Kosice 04200, Slovakia.
EM teodor.toth@tuke.sk; radovan.hudak@tuke.sk; jozef.zivcak@tuke.sk
FU project Research of New Diagnostic Methods in Invasive Implantology
[MSSR-3625/2010-11]; Stimuli for Research and Development of Ministry of
Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic; Research
& Development Operational Programme - ERDF [ITMS: 26220120060]; [KEGA
036TUKE-4/2013]
FX Presented manuscript was supported by project Research of New Diagnostic
Methods in Invasive Implantology, MSSR-3625/2010-11, Stimuli for
Research and Development of Ministry of Education, Science, Research and
Sport of the Slovak Republic, the project "Center for research of
control of technical, environmental and human risks for permanent
development of production and products in mechanical engineering" (ITMS:
26220120060) supported by the Research & Development Operational
Programme funded by the ERDF and project KEGA 036TUKE-4/2013
"Implementation of new technologies in design and fabrication of
implants in biomedical engineering and related scientific fields".
CR Bauza M.B., 2014, 2014 ASPE SPR TOP M
Brown Ch, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURI
Drstvensek I., 2008, INT J BIOL BIOMEDICA, V2, P29
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Zivcak J., 2013, BIOMECHANISMS INDIVI
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TRENCIANSKA UNIV ALEXANDRA DUBCEKA
PI TRENCIN
PA STUDENTSKA 2, TRENCIN, 911 50, SLOVAKIA
SN 1335-1745
J9 QUAL INNOV PROSPER
JI Qual. Innov. Prosper.
PY 2015
VL 19
IS 1
BP 9
EP 21
DI 10.12776/QIP.V19I1.393
PG 13
WC Management
SC Business & Economics
GA VB6GU
UT WOS:000416482500002
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Yadroitsev, I
Yadroitsava, I
AF Yadroitsev, Igor
Yadroitsava, Ina
TI Evaluation of residual stress in stainless steel 316L and Ti6Al4V
samples produced by selective laser melting This paper investigates the
residual stress distribution in SLM-made parts and suggests thermal
gradient control strategies
LA English
DT Article
DE selective laser melting; residual stress; stainless steel; titanium
alloy; numerical simulation
AB Selective laser melting (SLM) has great potential in additive manufacturing
because it enables the production of full-density complex parts with the desired
inner structure and surface morphology. High temperature gradients as a result of
the locally concentrated energy input lead to residual stresses, crack formation
and part deformation during processing or after separation from the supports and
the substrate. In this study, an X-ray diffraction technique and numerical
simulation were used for investigating the residual stress in SLM samples
fabricated from stainless steel 316L and Ti6Al4Valloy. Conclusions regarding
directions and values of stresses in SLM objects are given.
C1 [Yadroitsev, Igor; Yadroitsava, Ina] Cent Univ Technol Free State, Dept Mech &
Mechatron Engn, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
RP Yadroitsev, I (reprint author), Cent Univ Technol Free State, Dept Mech &
Mechatron Engn, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
EM iyadroitsau@cut.ac.za
OI Yadroitsev, Igor/0000-0002-7556-8675
CR Boivineau M, 2006, INT J THERMOPHYS, V27, P507, DOI 10.1007/s10765-005-0001-6
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Ho CY, 1977, 45 AM IR STEEL I
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Yadroitsev I., 2009, SELECTIVE LASER MELT
Yadroitsev I, 2012, RAPID PROTOTYPING J, V18, P201, DOI
[10.1108/135525412112181171, 10.1108/13552541211218117]
Zaeh MF, 2010, PROD ENG-RES DEV, V4, P35, DOI 10.1007/s11740-009-0192-y
NR 16
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 15
U2 39
PI ABINGDON
SN 1745-2759
EI 1745-2767
PY 2015
VL 10
IS 2
BP 67
EP 76
DI 10.1080/17452759.2015.1026045
PG 10
SC Engineering
GA V06IN
UT WOS:000213934000004
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Denlinger, ER
Heigel, JC
Michaleris, P
Palmer, TA
AF Denlinger, Erik R.
Heigel, Jarred C.
Michaleris, Pan
Palmer, T. A.
TI Effect of inter-layer dwell time on distortion and residual stress in
additive manufacturing of titanium and nickel alloys
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser deposition; In situ distortion; Residual stress; Ti-6Al-4V;
Inconel
ID DEPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; FIELDS; STEEL
AB In situ measurements of the accumulation of distortion during additive
manufacturing (AM) of titanium and nickel base alloys are made as a function of
changes in dwell time between the deposition of individual layers. The inclusion of
dwell times between individual layers to allow for additional cooling during the
deposition process is a common technique utilized in AM processes. Experimental
observations made here in lnconel (R) 625 laser deposited builds show that the
accumulation of distortion occurs with a consistent trend over the course of the
builds and both distortion and residual stress levels decrease with increasing
dwell times from 0 to 40s. On the other hand, changes in dwell time for the Ti-6Al-
4V laser deposited builds have a significant impact on the accumulation of
distortion, with shorter and no dwell times minimizing the distortion accumulation
and even reducing it over a range of build heights. These shorter dwell times also
produce builds with significantly lower residual stress and distortion levels,
particularly when no dwell time is applied. Based on these results, the materials
to be deposited should be considered when developing appropriate path planning
schedules. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Denlinger, Erik R.; Heigel, Jarred C.; Michaleris, Pan] Penn State Univ, Dept
Mech & Nucl Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Palmer, T. A.] Penn State Univ, Appl Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Denlinger, ER (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, 127
Reber Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM erd5061@psu.edu; jch252@psu.edu; pxm32@psu.edu; tap103@arl.psu.edu
FU Office of Naval Research, ONR [N00024-12-D-6404]; NSF [DGE1255832]
FX This work was sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, ONR, under
grant/contract number N00024-12-D-6404 Delivery Order 0001. The views
and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not
be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or
endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the Office of Naval
Research, or the U.S. government. Jarred Heigel contributed into this
work under funding from NSF Grant No. DGE1255832. Any opinions,
National Science Foundation. The authors would like to acknowledge the
contributions of the following individuals in the Laser Processing
Division at the Applied Research Laboratory at Penn State. Mr. Jay
Tressler and Mr. Griffin Jones prepared the deposition systems and
performed the experiments, and Mr. Ed Good provided metallographic and
sample preparation support.
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Denlinger E.R., 2014, J ENG MANUF
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NR 19
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 10
U2 95
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0924-0136
PD JAN
PY 2015
VL 215
BP 123
EP 131
DI 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.07.030
PG 9
Multidisciplinary
GA AR6JS
UT WOS:000343690500016
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, YY
Tian, XJ
Li, J
Wang, HM
AF Zhu, Yanyan
Tian, Xiangjun
Li, Jia
Wang, Huaming
TI Microstructure evolution and layer bands of laser melting deposition
Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si titanium alloy
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser melting deposition; Titanium alloy; Layer band; Microstructure;
Heat affect zone
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; METAL-DEPOSITION; MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V; PART I;
TI-5AL-5MO-5V-1CR-1FE; TEXTURE; BUILDS; POWER; WIRE
AB Laser melting deposition (LMD) is a newly developed additive manufacturing
technique which offers a potential of time and cost savings for fabricating
aerospace titanium alloys components. In this paper, the grain morphology,
microstructure and micro-hardness of LMD Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si titanium alloy
were investigated. A variety of microstructures and two kinds of distinct layer
bands were found in the as-deposited sample. The interlayer bands (ILB) spaced
uniformly in the whole sample. However, the dark heat affected bands (HAB) with a
special bimodal microstructure were absent in the last three layers. In order to
obtain a deep understanding on the microstructure evolution and bands structure,
much attention was paid on the microstructures of the last deposited several
layers. The microstructure gradient between two HAB was due to the re-heating
effect in the alpha + beta region. The formation of interlayer bands was due to the
chemical composition homogenization difference within and between ILB, which
resulted from the superheating effect. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhu, Yanyan; Tian, Xiangjun; Li, Jia; Wang, Huaming] Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci
& Engn, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Tian, Xiangjun; Li, Jia; Wang, Huaming] Beihang Univ, Minist Educ Laser Direct
Mfg Large Met Components, Engn Res Ctr, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
RP Tian, XJ (reprint author), Beihang Univ, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, 37 Xueyuan Rd,
EM tianxj@buaa.edu.cn
FU State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China [2011CB606305]
FX The work was financially supported by the State Key Development Program
for Basic Research of China (Grant No. 2011CB606305).
0397-x
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.05.014
0136(02)00865-8
10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.02.002
Swarnakar AK, 2011, J ALLOY COMPD, V509, P2723, DOI
10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.12.014
NR 30
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 9
U2 86
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0925-8388
EI 1873-4669
J9 J ALLOY COMPD
JI J. Alloy. Compd.
PD DEC 15
PY 2014
VL 616
BP 468
EP 474
DI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.07.161
PG 7
GA AQ2XT
UT WOS:000342654000071
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, A
Humayun, A
Cohen, DJ
Boyan, BD
Schwartz, Z
AF Cheng, Alice
Humayun, Aiza
Cohen, David J.
Boyan, Barbara D.
Schwartz, Zvi
TI Additively manufactured 3D porous Ti-6Al-4V constructs mimic trabecular
bone structure and regulate osteoblast proliferation, differentiation
and local factor production in a porosity and surface roughness
dependent manner
SO BIOFABRICATION
LA English
DT Article
DE osteoblast differentiation; laser sintering; surface roughness;
materials properties; custom implants; additive manufacturing
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; UNITED-STATES; MICRON-SCALE;
IN-VITRO; CELLS; IMPLANTS; INGROWTH; RESPONSES; HIP
AB Additive manufacturing by laser sintering is able to produce high resolution
metal constructs for orthopedic and dental implants. In this study, we used a human
trabecular bone template to design and manufacture Ti-6Al-4V constructs with
varying porosity via laser sintering. Characterization of constructs revealed
interconnected porosities ranging from 15-70% with compressive moduli of 2579-3693
MPa. These constructs with macro porosity were further surface-treated to create a
desirable multi-scale micro-/nano-roughness, which has been shown to enhance the
osseointegration process. Osteoblasts (MG63 cells) exhibited high viability when
grown on the constructs. Proliferation (DNA) and alkaline phosphatase specific
activity, an early differentiation marker, decreased as porosity increased, while
osteocalcin, a late differentiation marker, as well as osteoprotegerin, vascular
endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4 increased with
increasing porosity. Three-dimensional (3D) constructs with the highest porosity
and surface modification supported the greatest osteoblast differentiation and
local factor production. These results indicate that additively manufactured 3D
porous constructs mimicking human trabecular bone and produced with additional
surface treatment can be customized for increased osteoblast response. Increased
factors for osteoblast maturation and differentiation on high porosity constructs
suggest the enhanced performance of these surfaces for increasing osseointegration
in vivo.
C1 [Cheng, Alice; Boyan, Barbara D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace Coulter Dept
Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Cheng, Alice; Boyan, Barbara D.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Cheng, Alice] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Humayun, Aiza; Cohen, David J.; Boyan, Barbara D.; Schwartz, Zvi] Virginia
Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Richmond, VA USA.
[Schwartz, Zvi] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Cheng, A (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace Coulter Dept Biomed
EM bboyan@vcu.edu
FU AB Dental (Ashdod, Israel); National Science Foundation; National
Institutes of Health (US PHS) [AR052102]
FX The authors would like to thank AB Dental (Ashdod, Israel) for funding
this study. The authors also recognize the support of the National
Science Foundation (AC) and the National Institutes of Health (US PHS
Grant AR052102, BDB).
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NR 50
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 9
U2 86
PI BRISTOL
SN 1758-5082
EI 1758-5090
J9 BIOFABRICATION
JI Biofabrication
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
AR 045007
DI 10.1088/1758-5082/6/4/045007
PG 12
GA AZ6TQ
UT WOS:000348353700008
PM 25287305
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Borlaug Mathisen, M
Eriksen, L
Yu, YD
Jensrud, O
Hjelen, J
AF Borlaug Mathisen, Martin
Eriksen, Lars
Yu, Yingda
Jensrud, Ola
Hjelen, Jarle
TI Characterization of microstructure and strain response in Ti-6Al-4V
plasma welding deposited material by combined EBSD and in-situ tensile
test
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V alloy; additive layer manufacturing; electron backscatter
diffraction; in-situ tensile test; plasma arc welding; microstructure;
plastic deformation
ID ALPHA/BETA TITANIUM-ALLOY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-SIZE;
DEFORMATION; ORIENTATION; CRYSTALS; BEHAVIOR; FATIGUE
AB Additive layer manufacturing (ALM) of aerospace grade titanium components shows
great promise in supplying a cost-effective alternative to the conventional
production routes. Complex microstructures comprised of columnar remnants of
directionally solidified beta-grains, with interior inhabited by colonies of finer
alpha-plate structures, were found in samples produced by layered plasma welding of
Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The application of in-situ tensile tests combined with rapid
offline electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis provides a powerful tool
for understanding and drawing qualitative correlations between microstructural
features and deformation characteristics. Non-uniform deformation occurs due to a
strong variation in strain response between colonies and across columnar grain
boundaries. Prismatic and basal slip systems are active, with the prismatic systems
contributing to the most severe deformation through coarse and widely spaced slip
lines. Certain colonies behave as microstructural units, with easy slip
transmission across the entire colony. Other regions exhibit significant
deformation mismatch, with local build-up of strain gradients and stress
concentration. The segmentation occurs due to the growth morphology and variant
constraints imposed by the columnar solidification structures through orientation
relationships, interface alignment and preferred growth directions. Tensile tests
perpendicular to columnar structures reveal deformation localization at columnar
grain boundaries. In this work connections are made between the theoretical macro-
and microstructural growth mechanisms and the observed microstructure of the Ti-
6Al-4V alloy, which in turn is linked to observations during in-situ tensile tests.
C1 [Borlaug Mathisen, Martin; Eriksen, Lars; Yu, Yingda; Jensrud, Ola; Hjelen,
Jarle] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Borlaug Mathisen, Martin] Norsk Titanium AS, Eggemoen Aviat & Technol Pk,
Flyplassveien 21, Norway.
[Jensrud, Ola] Raufoss Technol AS, Dept Mat Technol, N-2831 Raufoss, Norway.
RP Borlaug Mathisen, M (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Mat Sci
& Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM martin.b.mathisen@norsktitanium.no
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2
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 46
PI AMSTERDAM
SN 1003-6326
EI 2210-3384
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 12
BP 3929
EP 3943
DI 10.1016/S1003-6326(14)63553-6
PG 15
GA AY5NY
UT WOS:000347620300026
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Jardini, AL
Larosa, MA
Maciel, R
Zavaglia, CAD
Bernardes, LF
Lambert, CS
Calderoni, DR
Kharmandayan, P
AF Jardini, Andre Luiz
Maciel Filho, Rubens
de Carvalho Zavaglia, Ceclia Amelia
Bernardes, Luis Fernando
Lambert, Carlos Salles
Calderoni, Davi Reis
Kharmandayan, Paulo
TI Cranial reconstruction: 3D biomodel and custom-built implant created
using additive manufacturing
SO JOURNAL OF CRANIO-MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; DMLS; Cranial reconstruction; Titanium alloy;
Customized implants
ID AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS; BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; DESIGN;
CRANIOPLASTY; TI-6AL-4V; SURGERY; MODELS; RP
AB Additive manufacturing (AM) technology from engineering has helped to achieve
several advances in the medical field, particularly as far as fabrication of
implants is concerned. The use of AM has made it possible to carry out surgical
planning and simulation using a three-dimensional physical model which accurately
represents the patient's anatomy. AM technology enables the production of models
and implants directly from a 3D virtual model, facilitating surgical procedures and
reducing risks. Furthermore, AM has been used to produce implants designed for
individual patients in areas of medicine such as craniomaxillofacial surgery, with
optimal size, shape and mechanical properties. This work presents AM technologies
which were applied to design and fabricate a biomodel and customized implant for
the surgical reconstruction of a large cranial defect. A series of computed
tomography data was obtained and software was used to extract the cranial geometry.
The protocol presented was used to create an anatomic biomodel of the bone defect
for surgical planning and, finally, the design and manufacture of the patient-
specific implant. (C) 2014 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery.
C1 [Jardini, Andre Luiz; Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Maciel Filho, Rubens; de Carvalho
Zavaglia, Ceclia Amelia; Bernardes, Luis Fernando; Lambert, Carlos Salles;
Calderoni, Davi Reis; Kharmandayan, Paulo] Natl Inst Biofabricat INCT BIOFABRIS,
Campinas, Brazil.
[Jardini, Andre Luiz; Larosa, Maria Aparecida; Maciel Filho, Rubens; Bernardes,
Luis Fernando] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Chem Engn, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[de Carvalho Zavaglia, Ceclia Amelia] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Mech Engn,
[Lambert, Carlos Salles] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Phys, Campinas, SP,
Brazil.
[Calderoni, Davi Reis; Kharmandayan, Paulo] Univ Estadual Campinas, Sch Med Sci,
RP Larosa, MA (reprint author), Univ Estadual Campinas, Natl Inst Biofabricat, Sch
Chem Engn, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
EM malarosa@gmail.com
RI Calderoni, Davi/K-3967-2015; Jardini, Andre Luiz/N-9963-2016; Inst. of
Physics, Gleb Wataghin/A-9780-2017; FAPESP, BIOEN/H-6149-2012
OI Calderoni, Davi/0000-0002-4670-6936; Jardini, Andre
Luiz/0000-0002-9381-9335; KHARMANDAYAN, PAULO/0000-0002-2645-3521
FU Scientific Research Foundation for the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
[2008/57860-3, 2010/05321-1]; National Council for Scientific and
Technological Development (CNPq) [573661/2008-1]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support provided by the
Scientific Research Foundation for the State of Sao Paulo (FAPESP -
Process 2008/57860-3 and 2010/05321-1) and National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq - Process 573661/2008-1).
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NR 46
TC 45
Z9 47
U1 4
U2 49
PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE
PI EDINBURGH
PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE,
LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND
SN 1010-5182
EI 1878-4119
J9 J CRANIO MAXILL SURG
JI J. Cranio-MaxilloFac. Surg.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 8
BP 1877
EP 1884
DI 10.1016/j.jcms.2014.07.006
PG 8
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery
GA AX3IM
UT WOS:000346833200055
PM 25175080
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Sidambe, AT
AF Sidambe, Alfred T.
TI Biocompatibility of Advanced Manufactured Titanium Implants-A Review
SO MATERIALS
LA English
DT Review
DE CP-Ti; Ti6Al4V; titanium; biocompatibility; powder metallurgy; metal
injection moulding; additive manufacturing; 3-D printing; cytotoxicity;
implants
ID BEAM MELTED TI-6AL-4V; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; POROUS TITANIUM;
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS; POWDER-METALLURGY; MEDICAL DEVICES; BONE
RESPONSE; ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; BIOMATERIALS
AB Titanium (Ti) and its alloys may be processed via advanced powder manufacturing
routes such as additive layer manufacturing (or 3D printing) or metal injection
moulding. This field is receiving increased attention from various manufacturing
sectors including the medical devices sector. It is possible that advanced
manufacturing techniques could replace the machining or casting of metal alloys in
the manufacture of devices because of associated advantages that include design
flexibility, reduced processing costs, reduced waste, and the opportunity to more
easily manufacture complex or custom-shaped implants. The emerging advanced
manufacturing approaches of metal injection moulding and additive layer
manufacturing are receiving particular attention from the implant fabrication
industry because they could overcome some of the difficulties associated with
traditional implant fabrication techniques such as titanium casting. Using advanced
manufacturing, it is also possible to produce more complex porous structures with
improved mechanical performance, potentially matching the modulus of elasticity of
local bone. While the economic and engineering potential of advanced manufacturing
for the manufacture of musculo-skeletal implants is therefore clear, the impact on
the biocompatibility of the materials has been less investigated. In this review,
the capabilities of advanced powder manufacturing routes in producing components
that are suitable for biomedical implant applications are assessed with emphasis
placed on surface finishes and porous structures. Given that biocompatibility and
host bone response are critical determinants of clinical performance, published
studies of in vitro and in vivo research have been considered carefully. The review
concludes with a future outlook on advanced Ti production for biomedical implants
using powder metallurgy.
C1 Univ Sheffield, Sch Clin Dent, Bioengn & Hlth Technol Grp, Sheffield S10 2TA, S
Yorkshire, England.
RP Sidambe, AT (reprint author), Univ Sheffield, Sch Clin Dent, Bioengn & Hlth
EM a.t.sidambe@gmail.com
RI Sidambe, Alfred/K-6219-2013
OI Sidambe, Alfred/0000-0001-8188-292X
FU Wellcome Trust through Institutional Strategic Support Fund (ISSF)
FX The author would like to thank the Wellcome Trust for providing
financial support through the Institutional Strategic Support Fund
(ISSF) to the University of Sheffield to conduct the present research.
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NR 49
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 16
U2 287
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
SN 1996-1944
J9 MATERIALS
JI Materials
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 12
BP 8168
EP 8188
DI 10.3390/ma7128168
PG 21
GA AX2TG
UT WOS:000346796800033
PM 28788296
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Tang, HP
Lu, SL
Jia, WP
Yang, GY
Qian, M
AF Tang, Huiping
Lu, Shenglu
Jia, Wenpeng
Yang, Guangyu
Qian, Ma
TI SELECTIVE ELECTRON BEAM MELTING OF TITANIUM AND TITANIUM ALUMINIDE
ALLOYS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POWDER METALLURGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSTRUCTURES; TI-6AL-4V; IMPLANTS
AB Selective electron beam melting (SEBM) with an additive-layer thickness similar
to 100 pm has been used to fabricate two titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2.
75Sn-4Zr-0.4Mo-0.45Si-0.1Y, designated Ti600 in China) and two TiAl alloys (Ti-
48Al-2Nb-2Cr (TiAl), and Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.2W (TiAl-7Nb)). The as-fabricated Ti-6Al-4V
and Ti600 alloys showed excellent tensile properties. Both alloys displayed a
fullcolumnar microstructure parallel to the additive solidification direction with
the transverse section showing an increasingly coarse microstructure towards the
bottom of each cuboidal sample. Fine yttrium oxide dispersoids were observed in the
matrix of the asfabricated Ti600 alloy. In order to utilize additive manufacturing
(AM) for the two brittle TiAl alloys, an anneal-accompanied SEBM process was
developed, which allowed thermal stresses to relax during the AM process. In
addition, the formation of various types of defects during SEBM is briefly
discussed.
C1 [Tang, Huiping; Lu, Shenglu; Jia, Wenpeng; Qian, Ma] Northwest Inst Nonferrous
Met Res, State Key Lab Porous Met Mat, Xian 710016, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Shenglu; Yang, Guangyu] Northeastern Univ, Sch Met & Mat, Shenyang 110819,
Peoples R China.
[Qian, Ma] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mfg Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3001,
Australia.
EM hptang@c-nin.com
FU International Science and Technology Cooperation Programme of the
Ministry of Science and Technology China [2011DFA52590]; National High
Technology Research Program [2013AA031103]
FX This work was supported by the International Science and Technology
Cooperation Programme (NO.2011DFA52590) of the Ministry of Science and
Technology China and the National High Technology Research Program (No.
2013AA031103).
3478-2
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TC 4
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 20
PU AMER POWDER METALLURGY INST
PI PRINCETON
PA 105 COLLEGE ROAD EAST, PRINCETON, NJ 08540 USA
SN 0888-7462
J9 INT J POWDER METALL
JI Int. J. Powder Metall.
PD WIN
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 1
BP 57
EP 64
PG 8
GA AW1IZ
UT WOS:000346044500009
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ma, Y
Cuiuri, D
Hoye, N
Li, HJ
Pan, ZX
AF Ma, Yan
Cuiuri, Dominic
Hoye, Nicholas
Li, Huijun
Pan, Zengxi
TI Characterization of In-Situ Alloyed and Additively Manufactured Titanium
Aluminides
LA English
DT Article
ID TIAL ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE
AB Titanium aluminide components were fabricated using in-situ alloying and layer
additive manufacturing based on the gas tungsten arc welding process combined with
separate wire feeding of titanium and aluminum elements. The new fabrication
process promises significant time and cost saving in comparison to traditional
methods. In the present study, issues such as processing parameters,
microstructure, and properties are discussed. The results presented here
demonstrate the potential to produce full density titanium aluminide components
directly using the new technique.
C1 [Ma, Yan; Cuiuri, Dominic; Hoye, Nicholas; Li, Huijun; Pan, Zengxi] Univ
Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
RP Ma, Y (reprint author), Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Northfields
EM ym428@uowmail.edu.au
OI pan, zengxi/0000-0002-1788-2543
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the China
Scholarship Council (CSC), the University of Wollongong, and the Welding
Technology Institute of Australia (WTIA).
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NR 21
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
SN 1073-5615
EI 1543-1916
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 6
BP 2299
EP 2303
DI 10.1007/s11663-014-0144-6
PG 5
Engineering
GA AT7BA
UT WOS:000345089900033
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Ullah, I
Elambasseril, J
Brandt, M
Feih, S
AF Ullah, I.
Elambasseril, J.
Brandt, M.
Feih, S.
TI Performance of bio-inspired Kagome truss core structures under
compression and shear loading
LA English
DT Article
DE Selective laser melting; Sandwich materials; Bio-inspired core
structures; Titanium alloys
ID SANDWICH PANELS; FRACTURE LOCUS; DESIGN; FABRICATION
AB Additive manufacture of titanium structures allows the realisation of advanced
design strategies not achievable through traditional manufacturing methods. This
work analyses the performance of Ti-6Al-4V Kagome truss core structures produced by
selective laser melting (SLM) for composite sandwich structures. These bio-inspired
core structures can be manufactured for truss diameters larger than 0.6 mm and
internal truss angles of less than 60 degrees without requiring additional support
structures. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the deformation and
failure of the core structure in compression and shear. A finite element model
validates the structural performance and can further optimise the unit cell design.
Design charts show that the performance of the proposed titanium core in both
compression and shear is superior (strength) or equal (stiffness) to honeycomb
cores for aerospace applications. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ullah, I.; Elambasseril, J.; Brandt, M.; Feih, S.] RMIT Univ, Adv Mfg Precinct,
[Ullah, I.; Feih, S.] RMIT Univ, Sch Aerosp Mech Ef Mfg Engn, Sir Lawrence
Wackett Aerosp Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Feih, S.] Singapore Inst Mfg Technol SIMTech, Joining Technol Grp, Singapore
638075, Singapore.
RP Feih, S (reprint author), Singapore Inst Mfg Technol SIMTech, Joining Technol
Grp, 71 Nanyang Dr, Singapore 638075, Singapore.
EM feihs@simtech.a-star.edu.sg
FU Australian Government
FX The authors acknowledge the efforts of Mr. Aaron Pateras, for
manufacturing of SLM structures and Mr. Peter Tkatchyk, for providing
support during mechanical testing. The CT-Scanning for this work was
done at the South Australian node of the Australian National Fabrication
Facility under the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure
Strategy to provide nano- and micro-fabrication facilities for
Australia's researchers. One of the authors, I.Ullah, acknowledges the
support of the Australian Government through the Endeavour Scholarship
for this research project.
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NR 22
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 16
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0263-8223
EI 1879-1085
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 118
BP 294
EP 302
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.07.036
PG 9
GA AR8QE
UT WOS:000343838900030
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Karlsson, J
Sjogren, T
Snis, A
Engqvist, H
Lausmaa, J
AF Karlsson, Joakim
Sjogren, Torsten
Snis, Anders
Engqvist, Haan
Lausmaa, Jukka
TI Digital image correlation analysis of local strain fields on Ti6Al4V
manufactured by electron beam melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting; Titanium alloys;
Mechanical; Characterization; Digital image correlation
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; DENTAL IMPLANTS; TI-6AL-4V; MICROSTRUCTURE;
BEHAVIOR; PROTOTYPES; DESIGN; LOAD
AB Additive manufacturing, or 3D-printing as it is often called, build parts in a
layer-by-layer fashion. A common concern, regardless of the specific additive
manufacturing technique used, is the risk of inadequate fusion between the adjacent
layers which in turn may cause inferior mechanical properties. In this work, the
local strain properties of titanium parts produced by Electron Beam Melting (EBM
(R)) were studied in order to gain information about the quality of fusion of the
stock powder material used in the process. By using Digital Image Correlation (DIC)
the strain fields in the individual layers were analyzed, as well as the global
strain behavior of the bulk material. The results show that fully solid titanium
parts manufactured by EBM are homogenous and do not experience local deformation
behavior, neither on local nor on a global level. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights
reserved.
C1 [Karlsson, Joakim; Sjogren, Torsten; Lausmaa, Jukka] SP Tech Res Inst Sweden,
SE-50115 Boras, Sweden.
[Snis, Anders] Arcam AB, SE-43137 Molndal, Sweden.
[Karlsson, Joakim; Engqvist, Haan] Uppsala Univ, Dept Engn Sci, Div Appl Mat
Sci, Angstrom Lab, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Karlsson, J (reprint author), SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, Box 857, SE-50115 Boras,
Sweden.
EM Joakim.karlsson@sp.se
OI Karlsson, Joakim/0000-0002-5292-2504; Sjogren,
Torsten/0000-0002-6657-1792
FU Swedish Foundations for Strategic Research
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Swedish Foundations for
Strategic Research who funded the work in this article through the
ProViking program.
CR Biamino S, 2011, INTERMETALLICS, V19, P776, DOI 10.1016/j.intermet.2010.11.017
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NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 56
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD NOV 17
PY 2014
VL 618
BP 456
EP 461
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2014.09.022
PG 6
GA AS7MG
UT WOS:000344439500055
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, S
Wei, QS
Cheng, LY
Li, S
Shi, YS
AF Zhang, Sheng
Wei, Qingsong
Cheng, Lingyu
Li, Suo
Shi, Yusheng
TI Effects of scan line spacing on pore characteristics and mechanical
properties of porous Ti6Al4V implants fabricated by selective laser
melting
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti6Al4V; Selective laser melting; Scan line spacing; Mechanical
property; Pore; Implant
ID 316L STAINLESS-STEEL; TITANIUM-ALLOY; MELTED TI6AL4V; BONE INGROWTH;
MICROSTRUCTURE; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; TI-6AL-4V; SCAFFOLDS; FEATURES
AB The use of porous structures is gaining popularity in biomedical implant
manufacture fields due to its ability to promote increased osseointegration and
cell proliferation. Selective laser melting (SLM) is a metal additive manufacturing
(MAM) technique capable of producing the porous structure. Adjusting the parameter
of scan line spacing is a simple and fast way to gain porous structures in SLM
process. By using the medical alloy of Ti6Al4V, we systematically study the
influence of the scan line spacing on pore characteristics and mechanical
properties of porous implant for the first time. The scanning electron microscope
(SEM) results show that the porous Ti6Al4V implants with interconnected pore sizes
which ranges from 250 to 450 mu m is appropriate for compact bone. The compression
strength and modulus of the porous Ti6Al4V implants decrease with the increase of
the scan line spacing, and two equations by fitting the data have been established
to predict their compression properties. The compressive deformation of the porous
Ti6Al4V implants presented an adiabatic shear band (ASB) fracture, which is similar
to dense Ti6Al4V owing to the dense thin wall structures. The ability to create
both high porosity and strong mechanical properties implants opens a new avenue for
fabricating porous implants which is used for load-bearing bone defect repair and
regeneration. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Sheng; Wei, Qingsong; Cheng, Lingyu; Li, Suo; Shi, Yusheng] Huazhong
Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc & Die & Mould Technol, Wuhan 430074,
Peoples R China.
RP Wei, QS (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Mat Proc &
Die & Mould Technol, 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
EM zhangyufeng198785@163.com; wqs_xn@163.com; cly0129@126.com;
lisuo@hust.edu.cn; shiyusheng@hust.edu.cn
OI Li, Suo/0000-0002-9742-367X
FU State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology
in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China [2012-P02,
2013-09]; National Key Technology R&D Program of Ministry of Science and
Technology of China [2012BAF08B03]; National Natural Science Foundation
of China [51375189]
FX This work has been supported by the founds of State Key Laboratory of
Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology in Huazhong University of
Science and Technology, China (Grant Nos. 2012-P02 and 2013-09), and
National Key Technology R&D Program of Ministry of Science and
Technology of China (Grant No. 2012BAF08B03), and National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51375189).
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U1 17
U2 205
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 63
BP 185
EP 193
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.05.021
PG 9
GA AN9SQ
UT WOS:000340949300022
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Gu, DD
AF Li, Yali
Gu, Dongdong
TI Parametric analysis of thermal behavior during selective laser melting
additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy powder
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; Numerical simulation;
Thermal behavior; Aluminum alloy
ID COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; 2-COMPONENT METAL-POWDER; PROCESSING
PARAMETERS; SINTERING PROCESS; SIMULATION; MICROSTRUCTURE;
DENSIFICATION; LAYER; BED; TEMPERATURE
AB Simulation of temperature fields during selective laser melting (SLM) additive
manufacturing of AlSi10Mg powder was performed using the finite element method
(FEM). The effects of laser power and scan speed on the SLM thermal behavior were
investigated. It showed that the cooling rate of the molten pool elevated slightly
from 2.13 x 10(6) degrees C/s to 2.97 x 10(6) degrees C/s as the laser power
increased from 150 W to 300 W, but it enhanced significantly from 1.25 x 10(6)
degrees C/s to 6.17 x 10(6) degrees C/s as the scan speed increased from 100 mm/s
to 400 mm/s. The combination of a low laser power (200 W) and a high scan speed
(400 mm/s) yielded a low temperature (1059 degrees C) and an extremely short liquid
lifetime (0.19 ms), resulting in the poor wettability and occurrence of micropores
in SLM-produced parts. The temperature gradient along the depth direction of the
molten pool increased considerably from 10.6 degrees C/mu m to 21.7 degrees C/mu m
as the laser power elevated from 150 W to 300 W, while it decreased slightly from
14.9 degrees C/mu m to 13.5 degrees C/mu m as the scan speed increased from 100
mm/s to 400 mm/s. The proper molten pool width (111.4 mu m) and depth (67.5 mu m)
were obtained for a successful SLM process using the laser power of 250 W and scan
speed of 200 mm/s. SLM of AlSi10Mg powder was also experimentally performed using
different laser processing conditions and the microstructures of the SLM-fabricated
samples were investigated to verify the reliability of the physical model. A sound
metallurgical bonding between the neighboring fully dense layers was achieved at
laser power of 250 W and scan speed of 200 mm/s, due to the larger molten pool
depth (67.5 mu m) as relative to the layer thickness (50 mu m). (C) 2014 Elsevier
C1 [Gu, Dongdong] Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Coll Mat Sci & Technol,
Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut, Inst Addit Mfg Printing 3D, Nanjing 210016,
Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20130035];
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0854];
Program for Distinguished Talents of Six Domains in Jiangsu Province of
China [2013-XCL-028]; Science and Technology Support Program (The
Technology of China; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities [NE2013103]; Qing Lan Project, Jiangsu Provincial
Department of Education of China
FX We gratefully appreciate the financial support from the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51322509 and 51104090), the
Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No.
(No. NCET-13-0854), the Program for Distinguished Talents of Six Domains
in Jiangsu Province of China (No. 2013-XCL-028), the Science and
Department of Science and Technology of China, the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities (No. NE2013103), and the Qing Lan
Project, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education of China.
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U2 272
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 0261-3069
EI 1873-4197
J9 MATER DESIGN
JI Mater. Des.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 63
BP 856
EP 867
DI 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.07.006
PG 12
GA AN9SQ
UT WOS:000340949300101
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Kim, TB
Yue, S
Zhang, ZY
Jones, E
Jones, JR
Lee, PD
AF Kim, Taek Bo
Yue, Sheng
Zhang, Ziyu
Jones, Eric
Jones, Julian R.
Lee, Peter D.
TI Additive manufactured porous titanium structures: Through-process
quantification of pore and strut networks
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive manufacturing; Selective laser melting; X-ray microtomography;
Porous titanium; Quantification methods
ID TISSUE SCAFFOLDS; FOAMS; MICROTOMOGRAPHY; IMAGES; IMPACT; SPACE; JET
AB Titanium and its alloys are successfully used in aerospace through to marine
applications. Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique,
which promises to allow production of novel Ti structures. However, there is still
a paucity of accepted methods for quantifying build quality. The viability of using
X-ray microtomography (mu CT) to quantify and track changes in morphology of SLM Ti
porous structures at each stage of the post-laser melting production was tested,
quantifying its quality through process. Quantification was achieved using an
accessible volume tool to determine pore and strut sizes. Removal of partially
sintered struts by cleaning was visualised and quantified. Eighty-eight percent of
the struts broken by the cleaning process were found to have connecting neck
diameters of less than 180 mu m with a mean of 109 mu m allowing build criteria to
be set. Tracking particles removed during cleaning revealed other methods to
improve build design, e.g. avoiding low angle struts that did not sinter well.
Partially melted powder particles from strut surfaces were quantified by comparing
surface roughness values at each cleaning step. The study demonstrates that mu CT
provides not only 3D quantification of structure quality, but also a feedback
mechanism, such that improvements to the initial design can be made to create more
stable and reliable titanium structures for a wide variety of applications. (C)
2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under
the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
C1 [Kim, Taek Bo; Zhang, Ziyu; Jones, Julian R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci
Technol & Med, Dept Mat, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Yue, Sheng; Lee, Peter D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs,
England.
[Jones, Eric] Univ Liverpool, Ctr Mat & Struct, Liverpool L69 3GH, Merseyside,
England.
RP Lee, PD (reprint author), Harwell Rutherford Appleton Lab, Manchester Xray
Imaging Facil Res Complex, Didcot OX11 0FA, Oxon, England.
EM Peter.Lee@manchester.ac.uk
RI Jones, Julian/B-1007-2012; Lee, Peter/R-2323-2016
OI Jones, Julian/0000-0002-2647-8024; Lee, Peter/0000-0002-3898-8881
FU EPSRC [EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1, EP/I02249X/1]; Research Complex at
Harwell
FX We would like to acknowledge the assistance provided by the Manchester
X-ray Imaging Facility, which was funded in part by the EPSRC (grants
EP/F007906/1, EP/F001452/1 and EP/I02249X/1) and the Research Complex at
Harwell.
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U2 107
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PD NOV
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BP 2706
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PG 10
Multidisciplinary
GA AN0UV
UT WOS:000340300400054
OA gold
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Simonelli, M
Tse, YY
Tuck, C
AF Simonelli, M.
Tse, Y. Y.
Tuck, C.
TI Effect of the build orientation on the mechanical properties and
fracture modes of SLM Ti-6A1-4V
LA English
DT Article
DE Titanium alloys; Fracture; EBSD; Mechanical chracterization; Rapid
solidification
ID LASER-MELTED TI-6AL-4V; COMMERCIALLY PURE TITANIUM; MELTING PROCESS;
TENSILE PROPERTIES; RESIDUAL-STRESS; ALPHA-TITANIUM; HEAT-TREATMENT;
MICROSTRUCTURE; ALLOY; BEHAVIOR
AB Recent research on the additive manufacturing (AM) of Ti alloys has shown that
the mechanical properties of the parts are affected by the characteristic
microstructure that originates from the AM process. To understand the effect of the
microstructure on the tensile properties, selective laser melted (SLM) Ti-6Al-4V
samples built in three different orientations were tensile tested. The investigated
samples were near fully dense, in two distinct conditions, as-built and stress
relieved. It was found that the build orientation affects the tensile properties,
and in particular the ductility of the samples. The mechanical anisotropy of the
parts was discussed in relation to the crystallographic texture, phase composition
and the predominant fracture mechanisms. Fractography and electron backscatter
diffraction (EBSD) results indicate that the predominant fracture mechanism is
intergranular fracture present along the grain boundaries and thus provide and
explain the typical fracture surface features observed in fracture AM Ti-6Al-4V.
C1 [Simonelli, M.; Tse, Y. Y.] Univ Loughborough, Dept Mat, Loughborough LE11 3TU,
Leics, England.
[Tuck, C.] Univ Nottingham, Fac Engn, Addit Mfg & Printing Res Grp 3D,
RP Simonelli, M (reprint author), Univ Loughborough, Dept Mat, Loughborough LE11
3TU, Leics, England.
EM M.Simonelli@lboro.ac.uk
OI Tuck, Christopher/0000-0003-0146-3851; Simonelli,
Marco/0000-0002-1124-3839
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AGE, P1
NR 52
TC 74
Z9 76
U1 33
U2 147
PI LAUSANNE
SN 0921-5093
EI 1873-4936
PD OCT 20
PY 2014
VL 616
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2014.07.086
PG 11
GA AR1NR
UT WOS:000343352400001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Nune, KC
Misra, RDK
Gaytan, SM
Murr, LE
AF Nune, K. C.
Misra, R. D. K.
Gaytan, S. M.
Murr, L. E.
TI Biological Response of Next-Generation of 3D Ti-6Al-4V Biomedical
Devices Using Additive Manufacturing of Cellular and Functional Mesh
Structures
SO JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS AND TISSUE ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Ti-6Al-4V; 3D Printing; Mesh Structure; Osteoblasts Functions
ID OXIDE NET CHARGE; BONE INGROWTH; POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE; MATRIX
DEPOSITION; TITANIUM-ALLOYS; PORE-SIZE; SCAFFOLDS; ATTACHMENT; IMPLANTS;
POROSITY
AB Motivated by the successful fabrication of patient-specific biomedical implants
that can potentially replace hard tissue (bone), particularly knee and hip stems
and large femoral intramedullary rods, using additive manufacturing by electron
beam melting (Murr et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2010; 22:1999-2032), we describe
here the combined efforts of engineering and biological sciences as a systemic
approach to study osteoblast functions of 3D mesh arrays with particular focus on
pore size and the potential to use 3D fabricated porous biomedical devices for bone
healing. First, the interconnecting porous architecture of monolithic mesh arrays
was conducive to cellular functions including attachment, proliferation,
differentiation, and mineralization. The underlying reason is that the fabricated
structure provided a channel for initiation of cell migration and impregnation of
the mesh structure by cells and tissue leading to generation of mineralized
extracellular matrix by differentiating pre-osteoblasts. Second, a parametric study
on the interconnecting pore diameter of mesh arrays indicated that the average pore
diameters studied (similar to 400-800 mu m) had no apparent effect on the
differentiation and mineralization, and influenced only the proliferation phase.
Third, from the biomechanical point of view, the cell-invaded and cell-integrated
3D mesh structure and resulted in the superior formation of tissue.
C1 [Nune, K. C.; Misra, R. D. K.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Mat Res & Innovat,
Ctr Struct & Funct Mat, Biomat & Biomed Engn Res Lab, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Gaytan, S. M.; Murr, L. E.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Met & Mat Engn, El Paso,
TX 79968 USA.
[Gaytan, S. M.; Murr, L. E.] Univ Texas El Paso, WM Keck Ctr Innovat 3D, El
Paso, TX 79968 USA.
RP Misra, RDK (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Mat Res & Innovat,
Ctr Struct & Funct Mat, Biomat & Biomed Engn Res Lab, POB 44130, Lafayette, LA
70504 USA.
OI Murr, Lawrence/0000-0001-5942-8376
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10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.04.050
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NR 43
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 9
U2 56
PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS
PI VALENCIA
PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA
SN 2157-9083
EI 2157-9091
J9 J BIOMATER TISS ENG
JI J. Biomater. Tissue Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 10
BP 755
EP 771
DI 10.1166/jbt.2014.1232
PG 17
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering
SC Cell Biology
GA AW7OX
UT WOS:000346454700001
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Saplontai, V
Saplontai, M
Roman, I
Leordean, D
Trusca, R
Toth, TR
Cojocaru, I
Balc, N
Moldovan, M
AF Saplontai, Viorica
Saplontai, Monica
Roman, Ioan
Leordean, Dan
Trusca, Roxana
Toth, Tamas Robert
Cojocaru, Ileana
Balc, Nicolae
Moldovan, Marioara
TI Electrochemical and Structural Investigation on T16Al7Nb Alloy, Coated
with Hydroxyapatite and Titanium Dioxide
LA English
DT Article
DE Additive Manufacturing; SEM; Ti6Al7Nb alloy; electrodepositing
ID DEPOSITION; TEMPERATURE; ADHESION
AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of spontaneous or
electrochemical passivation and the stability of experimental samples in the
artificial saliva, as for their potential usage in medical applications. The
analysis was a comparative one, the references being a laminated alloy sample with
a chemical composition similar to the sintered samples of Ti6Al7Nb. For obtained
alloy samples Ti6Al7Nb we used powder made by Additive Manufacturing onto the SLM -
Realizer 250 machine. Structural and morphological aspects of the superficial
layers of titanium alloy were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM -
FEI system). It has been also analysed how covering with hydroxyapatite and
titanium dioxide influences upon the electrochemical behaviour of the sintered
samples. The measurements were made at the laboratory temperature, in Carter-
Brugirard solution (synthetic saliva), working with an electrochemical instrument
VOLTALAB 40 RADIOMETER.
C1 [Saplontai, Viorica; Saplontai, Monica; Leordean, Dan; Toth, Tamas Robert; Balc,
Nicolae] Tech Univ Cluj Napoca, Cluj Napoca 400641, Romania.
[Moldovan, Marioara] Univ Babes Bolyai, Raluca Ripan Chem Res Inst, Cluj Napoca
400294, Romania.
[Roman, Ioan; Trusca, Roxana] SC Metav Res Dev SA, Bucharest 020011, Romania.
[Cojocaru, Ileana] Univ Craiova, Craiova 200585, Romania.
RP Saplontai, V (reprint author), Tech Univ Cluj Napoca, 103-105 Muncii Str, Cluj
Napoca 400641, Romania.
EM saplontaiviorica@yahoo.com
RI Moldovan, Marioara/N-6387-2017; Leordean, Dan/O-8425-2016; Trusca,
Roxana/I-8844-2016
OI Leordean, Dan/0000-0002-3162-0283; Trusca, Roxana/0000-0002-5029-3134
CR Blackwood DJ, 2009, MAT SCI ENG C-BIO S, V29, P1233, DOI
10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.015
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Jeyachandran YL, 2007, MAT SCI ENG C-BIO S, V27, P35, DOI
10.1016/j.msec.2006.01.004
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NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 15
PI BUCHAREST
SN 0034-7752
JI Rev. Chim.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 65
IS 10
BP 1249
EP 1252
PG 4
GA AT1UO
UT WOS:000344719500028
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Springer, JC
Harrysson, OLA
Marcellin-Little, DJ
Bernacki, SH
AF Springer, Jessica Collins
Harrysson, Ola L. A.
Marcellin-Little, Denis J.
Bernacki, Susan H.
TI In vitro dermal and epidermal cellular response to titanium alloy
implants fabricated with electron beam melting
SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Keratinocyte; Fibroblast; Additive manufacturing; Electron beam melting;
Titanium alloy; Biocompatibility
ID HUMAN GINGIVAL FIBROBLASTS; SURFACES; IMMUNOLOCALIZATION; PROLIFERATION;
PROSTHESES; INTERFACE
AB Transdermal osseointegrated prostheses (TOPs) are emerging as an alternative to
socket prostheses. Electron beam melting (EBM) is a promising additive
manufacturing technology for manufacture of custom, freeform titanium alloy
(Ti6Al4V) implants. Skin ongrowth for infection resistance and mechanical stability
are critically important to the success of TOP, which can be influenced by material
composition and surface characteristics.
We assessed viability and proliferation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes
(NHEK) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) on several Ti6Al4V surfaces:
solid polished commercial, solid polished EBM, solid unpolished EBM and porous
unpolished EBM. Cell proliferation was evaluated at days 2 and 7 using alamarBlue
(R) and cell viability was analyzed with a fluorescence-based live dead assay after
1 week.
NHDF and NHEK were viable and proliferated on all Ti6Al4V surfaces. NHDF
proliferation was highest on commercial and EBM polished surfaces. NHEK was highest
on commercial polished surfaces.
All EBM Ti6Al4V discs exhibited an acceptable biocompatibility profile compared
to solid Ti6Al4V discs from a commercial source for dermal and epidermal cells. EBM
may be considered as an option for fabrication of custom transdermal implants. (C)
2014 IPEM. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Springer, Jessica Collins; Harrysson, Ola L. A.; Marcellin-Little, Denis J.] N
Carolina State Univ, Dept Ind & Syst Engn 1, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Harrysson, Ola L. A.; Marcellin-Little, Denis J.; Bernacki, Susan H.] N
Carolina State Univ, Joint Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Harrysson, Ola L. A.; Marcellin-Little, Denis J.; Bernacki, Susan H.] N
Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Marcellin-Little, Denis J.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci,
Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
RP Marcellin-Little, DJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept
Clin Sci, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
EM denis_marcellin@ncsu.edu
OI Marcellin-Little, Denis/0000-0001-6596-5928
FU Rapid Prototyping and Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Fitts
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State
University
FX This work was funded by the Rapid Prototyping and Additive Manufacturing
Laboratory, Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering,
North Carolina State University.
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NR 17
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
SN 1350-4533
EI 1873-4030
J9 MED ENG PHYS
JI Med. Eng. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1367
EP 1372
DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.07.004
PG 6
SC Engineering
GA AR5ML
UT WOS:000343628600017
PM 25080895
DA 2018-02-05
ER
PT J
AU Haberland, C
Elahinia, M
Walker, JM
Meier, H
Frenzel, J
AF Haberland, Christoph
Elahinia, Mohammad
Walker, Jason M.
Meier, Horst
Frenzel, Jan
TI On the development of high quality NiTi shape memory and pseudoelastic
parts by additive manufacturing
SO SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
Systems
CY SEP 16-18, 2013
CL Snowbird, UT
SP ASME, Aerospace Div, Gen Motors, Dynalloy Inc, Parker Hannifin, Teledyne Sci &
Imag, IOP Publish, Sage Publish, NextGen Aeronaut, Natl Sci Fdn, Boeing, GE Global
Res
DE NiTi; shape memory alloy; additive manufacturing; selective laser
melting; pseudoelasticity; pseudoplasticity; powder metallurgy
ID MARTENSITIC PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; LASER MELTING PROCESS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NICKEL-TITANIUM; ALLOYS; METALLURGY; IMPLANTS;
CARBON
AB Additive manufacturing provides an attractive processing method for nickel-
titanium (NiTi) shape memory and pseudoelastic parts. In this paper, we show how
the additive manufacturing process affects structural and functional properties of
additively manufactured NiTi and how the process parameter set-up can be optimized
to produce high quality NiTi parts and components. Comparisons of shape recovery
due to shape memory and pseudoelasticity in additively manufactured and commercial
NiTi exhibit promising potential for this innovative processing method.
C1 [Haberland, Christoph; Elahinia, Mohammad; Walker, Jason M.] Univ Toledo, Dynam
& Smart Syst Lab, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Meier, Horst] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Prod & Serv Engn, Bochum, Germany.
[Frenzel, Jan] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Mat, Bochum, Germany.
RP Haberland, C (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dynam & Smart Syst Lab, 2801 W
EM haberland@utoledo.edu
FU US State of Ohio Department of Development [WP10-010]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the framework of the collaborative
research center Shape Memory Technology [SFB 459]
Accelerator) as well as previous funding by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the framework of the collaborative
research center SFB 459-Shape Memory Technology.
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NR 45
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 13
U2 73
PI BRISTOL
SN 0964-1726
EI 1361-665X
J9 SMART MATER STRUCT
JI Smart Mater. Struct.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 10
AR 104002
DI 10.1088/0964-1726/23/10/104002
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Materials Science
GA AP9AF
UT WOS:000342369900003
DA 2018-02-05
ER
EF

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