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1. Forms of government
central government: this is the national government of a country
local government: this is the regional form of government that typically takes
care of more local issues
the authorities: this is a general term for all forms of government – note that we
use it in the plural.
regulatory bodies: these are bodies which are sometimes set up by the
government and sometimes self-regulatory and typically they control one
specific area such as advertising. Legislation is not always the answer.
enforcement agencies: these are bodies that have direct control of how laws are
being obeyed. This is something central government does not always do itself. An
example of an enforcement agency is the body that monitors pollution in rivers.
bring in/enact laws: One possible solution is for the government to bring in
laws that prohibit the sale of tobacco to anyone under 21.
adopt policies: One possibility is for the government to adopt policies that
encourage mothers to return to work.
raise (and lower) taxes: One way to limit air pollution from aircraft would be for
the government to raise airport tax.
political parties; This is one issue where all political parties should work
together to provide a solution.
politicians: If enough people protested then politicians would have to listen and
take action.
fund: Councils could fund local community projects where residents work as
volunteers in schools and hospitals.
hire: It would certainly help if local councils hired more staff.
a stopgap measure While this may only be a stopgap measure, it would help
if governments sent financial aid to disaster areas.
6. How people can influence governments
lobby politicians: Individuals could help here by lobbying their elected
representatives and MPs to try and force them to introduce legislation.