4-1 BOUNDARY WORK FOR POLYTROPIC PROCESS OF GASES closed system, m=const

P n n,C are constants

PV
1 1 = C
ln P
1 ⇒
PV n = C n=0 P = const isobaric
C ln P = −n ⋅ lnV + C n=1 ⇒ T = const isothermal ideal gas
P=
Vn n=k ⇒ s = const isentropic
n
PV = P V n n=∞ ⇒ v = const isochoric
2 P2V2n = C 1 1 2 2
lnV

W
V
V1 V2

2 2
n≠1 PV n = C polytropic process W = ∫ PdV = C ∫ V − n dV
1 1

1
=
1− n
( CV21− n − CV11− n ) ⇐ C = P1V 1n = P2V 2n

P2V2 − PV
1 1
W =
1− n
( 4.9 )

ideal gas 1
1− n −1
PV
1 1 PV T2 P  n V 
PV = mRT = 2 2 = 2  = 1 
T1 T2 T1  P1   V2 
PV
1 1 = mRT1

mR
P2V2 = mRT2 W = (T2 − T1 ) ( 4.10 )
1− n

2
C V
n=1 PV = C process W =∫ dV = C ln 2
1
V V1

P V2 V2 P1
W = PV
1 1 ln = P2V2 ln = PV
2 2 ln ( 4.7 )
PV
1 1 = C V1 V1 P2
1
C
P=
V
For ideal gas: PV = mRT = C ⇒ T = const (isothermal process)
2
P2V2 = C V2 P1
W W = mRT ln = mRT ln PV
1 1 = P2V2
V1 P2
V
V1 V2

n=0 P=C isobaric process (constant pressure process)

W = P ⋅ (V2 − V1 ) = P ⋅ m ⋅ ( v2 − v1 ) ( 4.6 )
1 2
P = const
W
V
V1 V2