CSR PROJECT

CENTRAL RAILWAY, MUMBAI DIVISION

NAME: VARUN SAGAR

ROLL NO : 171156

MMS – 1 DIV – C (OPERATIONS)

SUBJECT : CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

Introduction:

Indian Railways (IR) is India's national railway system operated by the Ministry of
Railways. It manages the fourth-largest railway network in the world by size, with 121,407
kilometres (75,439 mi) of total track over a 67,368-kilometre (41,861 mi) route. Forty nine
percent of the routes are electrified with 25 KV AC electric traction while thirty three percent
of them are double or multi-tracked.
IR runs more than 13,000 passenger trains daily, on both long-distance and suburban routes,
from 7,349 stations across India. The trains have a five-digit numbering system. Mail or
express trains, the most common types, run at an average speed of 50.6 kilometres per hour
(31.4 mph). In the freight segment, IR runs more than 9,200 trains daily. The average speed
of freight trains is around 24 kilometres per hour (15 mph).
As of March 2017, IR's rolling stock consisted of 277,987 freight wagons, 70,937 passenger
coaches and 11,452 locomotives. IR owns locomotive and coach-production facilities at
several locations in India. The world's eighth-largest employer, it had 1.308 million
employees as of March 2017.
History:
In the year ending March 2018, IR is projected to carry 8.26 billion passengers and transport
1.16 billion tons of freight. In the fiscal year 2017-18, IR is projected to have earnings
of ₹1.874 trillion (US$29 billion), consisting of ₹1.175 trillion(US$18 billion) in freight
revenue and ₹501.25 billion (US$7.7 billion) in passenger revenue, with an operating ratio of
96.0 percent.
The first railway proposals for India were made in Madras in 1832. The country's first
train, Red Hill Railway (built by Arthur Cotton to transport granite for road-building), ran
from Red Hills to the Chintadripet bridge in Madras in 1837.
As the first trains appeared in England in the early 1800s, Lord Hardinge, the governor
general of the Company wrote in a memo stating that the establishment of "railways in India
would be beneficial for the commerce, government and military control of the country". This
was supported by his successor Lord Dalhousie who in 1853 stated that "Indian could play an
important role as a market for British goods and a provider of cheap agricultural raw material
to Britain if railways". Thus (as per Tharoor, 2017), the British began to build railways in
India primarily for the commercial transport of goods and subsequently for military control to
transport troops.
India's first passenger train, hauled by three steam locomotives (Sahib, Sindh and Sultan), ran
for 34 kilometres (21 mi) with 400 people in 14 carriages on 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad
gauge track between Bori Bunder (Mumbai) and Thane on 16 April 1853. The Dapoorie
viaduct, India's first railway bridge, was built over the Ulhas River when the Mumbai-Thane
line was extended to Kalyan in May 1854. Eastern India's first passenger train ran 24 miles
(39 km) from Howrah, near Kolkata, to Hoogly on 15 August 1854. The first passenger train
in South India ran 60 miles (97 km) from Royapuram- Veyasarapady (Madras) to Wallajah
Road (Arcot) on 1 July 1856.
CENTRAL RAILWAY:

Central Railway (abbreviated as CR) is one of the 16 zones of Indian Railways. Its
headquarters is in Mumbai at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus. It has the distinction of
operating first passenger railway line in India, which opened from Mumbai to Thane on 16
April 1853.
The railway zone was formed on 5 November 1951 by grouping several government-owned
railways, including the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, the Scindia State Railway of the
former princely state of Gwalior, Nizam State Railway, Wardha Coal State Railway and the
Dholpur Railways.
The Central Railway zone formerly included large parts of Madhya Pradesh and part of
southern Uttar Pradesh, which made it the largest railway zone in India in terms of area, track
mileage and staff. These areas became the new West Central Railway zone in April 2003.
The Central Railway General Manager's official residence (erstwhile GIPR agent's
residence), 'Glenogle'-a Grade II-B heritage bungalow, is located on Bhausaheb Hire Marg
(Mount Pleasant Road), adjacent to the Maharashtra Chief minister's official residence
'Varsha' in Malabar Hill, Mumbai.

Indian Railway CSR Campaign:

To encourage participation of Private companies and PSUs in identified works/activities to be
done under Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Railways, the policy framework has
been put in place by Indian Railways in February, 2016.

The policy guidelines of Indian Railways details out the works/activities executable under
CSR in the field of Environment sustainability, sanitation and cleanliness, such as Rain Water
Harvesting, Water Recycling Plants, Solar Panels, construction of toilets, provision for Solid
Waste Management, supply of filtered drinking water etc.

As the activities under CSR are typically implemented by the companies (Sponsoring Entity)
or its agency as per their CSR policy, no estimation of CSR funding is available with the
Railways.

Railway has been executing required works with gross budgetary support from General
Exchequer, internal resources, IRFC borrowing, Institutional financing and through other
modes of financing as per requirement and feasibility.
The Indian Railways is 150 years old and believed to be the lifeline of the country since it is
the biggest civilian employer in the world with over 17 lakh employees. CSR has always
been an integral part of the Indian Railway’s functioning and the activities range from
transportation of drinking water & fodder free of cost to drought affected area, enhanced fare
compensation for
cancer patients, catering to more than 10,000 shelters less people and investments in IIT-
Kharagpur to develop the largest research centre.
The highlights of the recent Indian railways budget in 2011 emphasized economic viability
and social responsibility. The main consideration was on inclusive growth and expansion of
rail networks for social and economic development.
The vision 2020 of the Indian Railways spells out that the Indian railways shall provide
efficient, affordable, customer focused and environment friendly sustainable integrated
solutions, shall give due considerations to Inclusive development both geographically and
socially and pledges to reduce carbon footprints.
CSR could be incorporated into the Indian Railway’s business operations by having some of
the ideas and suggestions given below:
1. Increased plantation of trees to compensate for new railway line projects
2. Afforestation programs
3. Organize the unorganized sector involved with the Indian Railways (IR)
4. Construction of houses and slum rehabilitation centres for disadvantaged stakeholders
5. Livelihood and employment creation for disadvantaged stakeholders
6. Land from unused IR areas, should be allocated for agriculture and fruit plantations which
shall generate revenue. Convert waste dumping lands into habitats with greenery and fauna.
Unutilized lands nearby railway tracks can be used in bio-diesel plants like jatropha thus
gaining carbon credits. This land can also be used for shelter, schools for girls, hospitals, etc.
7. Collaborations and revenue models like Highway 4 expressway concept should be
explored
8. Options of cause related marketing and advertising for corporates to ensure cleanliness and
advocate other important social causes
9. Ensure an eco-friendly waste management system in addition to educating the masses and
enforcing rules for waste disposal
10. Promote the use of biodegradable materials- switch to biodegradable packaging in place
of non-biodegradable packaging like polythene
11. Use bio fuels and other renewable sources (for supply inside coaches and for traction if
possible) like solar, biogas, extensively
12. Follow pollution norms
13. Incorporate regenerative break system which can utilize the energy obtained from the
system like the Delhi Metro
14. Build toilets in villages through which the line is going so that they don’t use rails for the
purpose
15. Idle accident relief medical vans can be used for conducting health camps in rural areas
16. Healthcare facilities and education programs for disadvantaged stakeholders should be
extended by IR services
17. Specific disposal of waste from rails, toilets and wagons and use of separate dedicated
dustbins in coaches for collection of waste
18. All India campaigns like polio vaccinations, India heritage awareness, Anti alcoholism
campaigns, HIV Aids, child labour, missing children and beggars, etc. may be conducted by
using railway networks
19. Invest in new technology for cleaner ecological outputs
20. Provide technical support to training schools and colleges in tribal belts or other
disadvantaged places.
21. Railways should ensure labour laws are adhered to
22. Connect remote areas to the existing train network
23. Improvement in human resource management specially regarding Class IV and
II employees
24. Invest in environment friendly infrastructure
25. Invest in villages along the railway network (Adoption of some villages/pockets)
26. IR must be apolitical with reference to irrational political intervention and the
organization should be restructured internally which will make the administration more
efficient
27. Priority should be given to micro and small enterprises in any outsourcing activities
28. Progressive fare structure with discounted schemes for students, elderly, handicapped,
etc. – One of the reasons for IR making losses is the low fares of passenger traffic. So the
railways need to be more commercial as other PSu’s or corporates, rather than emphasizing
its CSR to an extent that its operations wont remain economically viable
29. Prohibition of use of plastics anywhere on railway property
30. Railway passes through many tribal areas and villages and can be involved in collection
of handicrafts and other artisan products which can be sold in towns for economic benefits
thus playing an important part in reducing the connectivity issues of the rural areas to the
market
Railways has done and is doing a lot of social responsibility and cannot be overwhelmed with
so-called inclusive growth/development. IR is doing enough by serving the poor, catering to
environmental issues, ensuring economic growth, employment provision, etc.

Indian Railways to have CSR cell for greater involvement of corporates:

Seeking larger participation of corporates in the rail sector, railways have decided to set up a
separate corporate social responsibility (CSR) cell to rope in more private players.
Addressing a CII summit on CSR, Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu today said, “Railways
have a clear-cut policy on how CSR funds can be used. We are in the process of creating a
CSR cell in railways and there are already many corporates tying up with us.”
Prabhu also favoured involvement of corporate sector in national resource management,
health care and education in a bigger way.
Highlighting the scope of corporates’ participation in railways, Prabhu said the massive
footfalls on stations can be turned into big business opportunities.
“There are 8000 stations across the country and about 27 million people use these stations in
a day. So, look at the footfalls and eyeballs you will have and all these can transform into big
business opportunities.”
Stressing that corporates making good business is beneficial for both, he said, “If you make
more profits then more funds will be available for CSR.”
According to the law, companies have to spend 2 per cent of their profits for CSR purpose.
Suresh Prabhu said Indian Railways has many areas including cleanliness at stations,
environment, conservation of water bodies and solar energy where CSR fund can be utilised.
He also said that railways have created a separate environment directorate for promoting
green initiatives.
Referring to the depleting ground water level, the Railway Minister said, “Solving water
problem is an issue. It is a challenge. It needs long term solution and ideas. Here corporates
can help us. The problem can be solved with use of technology.”

“Railways eyes CSR funds of govt firms to spruce up stations”:

NEW DELHI: The railways is eying the huge corporate social responsibility funds available
with the government's public sector units (PSUs) to upgrade and modernize passenger
amenities at platforms.
To begin with, the state-run transporter will sign MoUs with railway PSUs for taking up
works to ensure better facilities for travellers using their CSR funds at 10 stations during the
ongoing 15-days customer facilitation drive that started on May 26.

The railways' mega plan aims to cover more stations by involving other government PSUs
such as NTPC.

Five railway PSUs -- CONCOR, IRCTC, IRCON, RITES and RVNL - will be assigned two
stations each from among Mumbai CST, Howrah, New Delhi, Guwahati, Patna, Varanasi,
Vadodara, Chennai, Agra and Bengaluru to bring about visible improvement in passenger
amenities using funds available under their CSR schemes.
Additional member, railway board, Mohd Jamshed said, "The five PSUs will be pitched
against each other as to who has provided better passenger amenities at stations. The work
would be visible to all. This will promote healthy competition among them. At a later stage,
we plan to engage other government PSUs such as NTPC to improve passenger facilities at
stations."
While the MoUs will clearly spell out the kind of amenities each PSU can provide, the long
list of passenger facilities to be provided at stations includes installing reverse osmosis (RO)
plants for safe drinking water, putting up water coolers, installing lifts and escalators and
making available carts for old and differently-abled passengers.
"The PSUs can take up works for renovation of toilets in waiting halls, retiring rooms and
dormitory or building new ones. They can provide electronic boards and reflective signages
at platforms as also steel dustbins. They can also work for improving circulating area at
stations," an official said.
The MoUs will have one-year, two-year and five-year targets.
Faced with the funds crunch, railways have also been urging private companies to pitch in
with money from their CSR schemes for improvement of railway stations.
Following works has been completed under CSR in Central Railway,
Mumbai Division:
Following works related to Environment sustainability have been identified
in ECR to be undertaken as CSR.

Scope of Operations in Indian Railway:

Rangaraj et al (2005) have identified areas in Indian Railways having potential for
optimization:
 Definition of capacity on railway section
 Capturing congestion effects and broad scheduling strategies
 Medium term capacity investments in signalling
 Trade-off between throughput (number of trains) handled and transit time (average)
 Strategic decisions (railways)
 Robust capacity: capacity in the presence of failure
 Signalling failures modelled and impact on train running quantified
 Quantify the trade-off between achievable headway and service measures (such as
punctuality and average delays suffered by trains) under a given pattern of failure
 Railways (capacity analysis)
 Terminal capacity
 Capability of handling trains at terminals
 Routing possibilities: Look-ahead period and a routing algorithm applied on an
appropriate time-space network
 Timetabling
 Master chart preparation tool for railway planning
 Rake linking
 Long distance trains
 Coaching stock utilization (integrated with maintenance schedules at terminals)
 Timetables as an input
 Suburban trains
 Integrated with timetables
 Maintenance schedules as an input
 Long distance rake linking
 Terminal maintenance line charts (pit lines and washing lines – also considering
constraints on line length and time for maintenance)
 Rake link table (constraints on length of run between two maintenance points and
rake compatibility)
 Typical patterns of rake linking (self-linking, interchange of day trains)
 Marketing and Pricing models
 Network based models for pricing (based on second shortest distance)
 Marketing and service planning
 Containers/Trucking: Fleet utilization and locational imbalance-based pricing model
 Supply chain view of transport operations: Freight supply chains on Indian Railways
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https://the4thwheel.wordpress.com/2011/07/12/a-talk-on-the-indian-railways-and-csr/

https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/indian-railways-to-have-csr-cell-for-greater-
involvement-of-corporates/342253/

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Railways-eyes-CSR-funds-of-govt-firms-to-spruce-
up-stations/articleshow/47464524.cms

http://www.ecr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris/uploads/files/1469516483785-CSR1.pdf

http://www.cr.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,1191,1192,2035

http://www.blog.indianrailways.gov.in/applying-operations-research-to-railway-operations/